[{"k": "日", "g": 1, "o": 1, "f": 1, "j": null, "on": "ニチ、ジツ", "kun": "ひ、-び、-か", "m": "day; sun; Japan; counter for days", "pm": "day", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "sun", "hk": "day", "hs": "This kanji is intended to be a pictograph of the sun. Recalling what we said in the previous frame about round forms, it is easy to detect the circle and the big smile that characterize our simplest drawings of the sun - like those yellow badges with the words, \"Have a nice <b>day</b>! \"", "ks": "Open the window, new <b>day</b>.", "v": [{"w": "今日", "rd": "きょう", "mn": "today; this day", "fr": 97}, {"w": "日", "rd": "にち", "mn": "Sunday", "fr": 214}, {"w": "昨日", "rd": "きのう", "mn": "yesterday", "fr": 363}, {"w": "明日", "rd": "あした", "mn": "tomorrow", "fr": 368}, {"w": "毎日", "rd": "まいにち", "mn": "every day; daily", "fr": 562}, {"w": "日本", "rd": "にっぽん", "mn": "Japan", "fr": 854}, {"w": "今日は", "rd": "こんにちは", "mn": "hello; good day; good afternoon", "fr": 944}, {"w": "本日", "rd": "ほんじつ", "mn": "today; this day", "fr": 1124}, {"w": "日々", "rd": "ひび", "mn": "daily; everyday", "fr": 1309}, {"w": "一日", "rd": "いちにち", "mn": "one day", "fr": 1444}, {"w": "先日", "rd": "せんじつ", "mn": "the other day; a few days ago", "fr": 1593}, {"w": "３日", "rd": "みっか", "mn": "3rd day of the month", "fr": 1899}, {"w": "１日", "rd": "いちにち", "mn": "one day", "fr": 1901}, {"w": "誕生日", "rd": "たんじょうび", "mn": "birthday", "fr": 2288}, {"w": "数日", "rd": "すうじつ", "mn": "few days", "fr": 2290}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 61, "rp": 21, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "一", "g": 1, "o": 2, "f": 2, "j": null, "on": "イチ、イツ", "kun": "ひと-、ひと.つ", "m": "one; one radical (no.1)", "pm": "one", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}], "hc": "", "hk": "one", "hs": "In Chinese characters, the number <b>one</b> is laid on its side, unlike the Roman numeral I which stands upright. As you would expect, it is written from left to right.", "ks": "<b>One</b> down, 2041 to go. ,).", "v": [{"w": "一緒", "rd": "いっしょ", "mn": "(doing) together", "fr": 135}, {"w": "一度", "rd": "いちど", "mn": "once; one time; on one occasion", "fr": 236}, {"w": "一番", "rd": "いちばん", "mn": "number one; first; first place", "fr": 337}, {"w": "一緒に", "rd": "いっしょに", "mn": "together (with)", "fr": 415}, {"w": "一人", "rd": "ひとり", "mn": "one person", "fr": 463}, {"w": "一", "rd": "いち", "mn": "one; 1", "fr": 527}, {"w": "一体", "rd": "いったい", "mn": "(what) the heck; (why) in the world; (who) on earth; (where) the hell; (how) the", "fr": 577}, {"w": "一つ", "rd": "ひとつ", "mn": "one", "fr": 729}, {"w": "一応", "rd": "いちおう", "mn": "more or less; though not quite satisfactorily; after a fashion; pretty much; rou", "fr": 752}, {"w": "一生", "rd": "いっしょう", "mn": "whole life; a lifetime; all through life", "fr": 822}, {"w": "一瞬", "rd": "いっしゅん", "mn": "instant; moment; for an instant", "fr": 930}, {"w": "一部", "rd": "いちぶ", "mn": "one part; one portion; one section", "fr": 1242}, {"w": "一切", "rd": "いっさい", "mn": "all; everything; entirety; the whole", "fr": 1321}, {"w": "第一", "rd": "だいいち", "mn": "first; foremost; number one", "fr": 1352}, {"w": "唯一", "rd": "ゆいいつ", "mn": "only; sole; unique", "fr": 1443}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1403, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "人", "g": 1, "o": 3, "f": 5, "j": null, "on": "ジン、ニン", "kun": "ひと、-り、-と", "m": "person", "pm": "person", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}], "hc": "", "hk": "person", "hs": "The character for <i>enter</i> (Frame 842) showed someone walking inwards (in terms of the direction of writing), the one for <b>person</b> , shown here, represents someone walking outwards.", "ks": "Behold Mister T (of \"A-Team\" fame)! I chose Mr.T because he's sure to make amusing stories. He is a very versatile character since he's both the big, tough guy and the “moralistic” <b>person</b> , telling kids not “to do drugs or alcohol”. He is easy to imagine, the heavy gold chains are probably the most prominent feature of the character. And last but not least you can always pepper your story with the famous line “I pity da foo!” * Fittingly, on the left side of the kanji, it looks like a “T”.", "v": [{"w": "人", "rd": "じん", "mn": "-ian (e.g. Italian); -ite (e.g. Tokyoite)", "fr": 65}, {"w": "人間", "rd": "にんげん", "mn": "human being; human; person; man; mankind; humankind", "fr": 185}, {"w": "一人", "rd": "ひとり", "mn": "one person", "fr": 463}, {"w": "あの人", "rd": "あのひと", "mn": "he; she; that person", "fr": 548}, {"w": "人生", "rd": "じんせい", "mn": "(one's) life", "fr": 573}, {"w": "１人", "rd": "ひとり", "mn": "one person", "fr": 705}, {"w": "二人", "rd": "ふたり", "mn": "two persons; two people; pair; couple", "fr": 708}, {"w": "人たち", "rd": "ひとたち", "mn": "people", "fr": 746}, {"w": "本人", "rd": "ほんにん", "mn": "the person in question; the person themselves; said person", "fr": 874}, {"w": "大人", "rd": "おとな", "mn": "adult; grown-up", "fr": 915}, {"w": "他人", "rd": "たにん", "mn": "another person; other people; others", "fr": 985}, {"w": "人物", "rd": "じんぶつ", "mn": "person; character; figure; personage; man; woman", "fr": 1404}, {"w": "恋人", "rd": "こいびと", "mn": "lover; sweetheart; boyfriend; girlfriend", "fr": 1440}, {"w": "人々", "rd": "ひとびと", "mn": "people; men and women", "fr": 1446}, {"w": "友人", "rd": "ゆうじん", "mn": "friend", "fr": 1466}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1080, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "年", "g": 1, "o": 4, "f": 6, "j": null, "on": "ネン", "kun": "とし", "m": "year; counter for years", "pm": "year", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "干", "nj": "かん", "ne": "to dry"}], "hc": "sign of the horse; sunglasses", "hk": "year", "hs": "In an odd fashion, the kanji for <b>year</b> joins together the element for <i>horse</i> , on the top, and the right half of the element for <i>sunglasses</i>. Think of it as a <i>horse</i> wearing <i>sunglasses with one of the lenses popped out</i>. We will use this latter image again, so learn it now and save yourself the trouble later.", "ks": "A <i>horse</i> wears a pair of <i>sunglasses with one lens popped out</i> after a particularly raucous celebration to ring in the New <b>Year</b>.", "v": [{"w": "年", "rd": "とし", "mn": "year", "fr": 206}, {"w": "今年", "rd": "ことし", "mn": "this year", "fr": 1229}, {"w": "何年", "rd": "なんねん", "mn": "how many years; how long", "fr": 1494}, {"w": "少年", "rd": "しょうねん", "mn": "boy", "fr": 1669}, {"w": "年間", "rd": "ねんかん", "mn": "(period of) a year", "fr": 1815}, {"w": "去年", "rd": "きょねん", "mn": "last year", "fr": 1934}, {"w": "半年", "rd": "はんとし", "mn": "half a year; six months", "fr": 2092}, {"w": "年齢", "rd": "ねんれい", "mn": "age; years", "fr": 2259}, {"w": "来年", "rd": "らいねん", "mn": "next year", "fr": 2800}, {"w": "毎年", "rd": "まいとし", "mn": "every year; yearly; annually", "fr": 2932}, {"w": "年上", "rd": "としうえ", "mn": "older; senior", "fr": 3106}, {"w": "一年", "rd": "いちねん", "mn": "one year; some time ago", "fr": 3502}, {"w": "長年", "rd": "ながねん", "mn": "many years; a long time", "fr": 3525}, {"w": "年頃", "rd": "としごろ", "mn": "approximate age; apparent age", "fr": 4039}, {"w": "数年", "rd": "すうねん", "mn": "several years; a few years", "fr": 4257}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 898, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "大", "g": 1, "o": 5, "f": 7, "j": null, "on": "ダイ、タイ", "kun": "おお-、おお.きい、-おお.いに", "m": "large; big", "pm": "large", "r": [{"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}], "hc": "St. Bernard", "hk": "large", "hs": "Here we have a simple pictograph of a person, taking up the space of an entire character and giving it the sense of <b>large</b>. It should not be too hard to locate the two legs and outstretched arms.", "ks": "A person stretching their arms and legs to look <b>large</b> and scare a bear away.", "v": [{"w": "大丈夫", "rd": "だいじょうぶ", "mn": "safe; secure; sound; problem-free; without fear; all right; alright; OK; okay", "fr": 106}, {"w": "大変", "rd": "たいへん", "mn": "very; greatly; terribly; awfully", "fr": 255}, {"w": "大事", "rd": "だいじ", "mn": "important; serious; crucial", "fr": 326}, {"w": "大きい", "rd": "おおきい", "mn": "big; large; great", "fr": 411}, {"w": "大きな", "rd": "おおきな", "mn": "big; large; great", "fr": 428}, {"w": "大切", "rd": "たいせつ", "mn": "important; significant; serious; crucial", "fr": 608}, {"w": "大好き", "rd": "だいすき", "mn": "liking very much; loving (something or someone); adoring; being very fond of", "fr": 653}, {"w": "大", "rd": "おお", "mn": "large; big; great; major; important; serious; heavy; loud", "fr": 723}, {"w": "大人", "rd": "おとな", "mn": "adult; grown-up", "fr": 915}, {"w": "大した", "rd": "たいした", "mn": "considerable; great; important; significant; a big deal", "fr": 1129}, {"w": "大きくなる", "rd": "おおきくなる", "mn": "to grow up; to become an adult", "fr": 1271}, {"w": "大体", "rd": "だいたい", "mn": "generally; on the whole; mostly; almost; nearly; approximately; roughly; about", "fr": 1315}, {"w": "大学", "rd": "だいがく", "mn": "university; college", "fr": 1399}, {"w": "大量", "rd": "たいりょう", "mn": "large quantity; massive (quantity); mass (e.g. mass production, mass transit, ma", "fr": 1765}, {"w": "最大", "rd": "さいだい", "mn": "biggest; greatest; largest; maximum", "fr": 1842}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1027, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "十", "g": 1, "o": 6, "f": 8, "j": null, "on": "ジュウ、ジッ、ジュッ", "kun": "とお、と、そ", "m": "ten", "pm": "ten", "r": [{"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "needle", "hk": "ten", "hs": "Turn this character 45 degrees either way and you have the x used for the Roman numeral <b>ten</b>.", "ks": "Ten looks like a plus sign.", "v": [{"w": "十分", "rd": "じゅうぶん", "mn": "enough; sufficient; plenty; adequate; satisfactory", "fr": 543}, {"w": "十", "rd": "じゅう", "mn": "ten; 10", "fr": 2844}, {"w": "何十", "rd": "なんじゅう", "mn": "(several) tens; dozens; scores (of)", "fr": 3421}, {"w": "数十", "rd": "すうじゅう", "mn": "dozens; scores of; decades", "fr": 6190}, {"w": "二十", "rd": "にじゅう", "mn": "twenty; 20", "fr": 6924}, {"w": "二十歳", "rd": "はたち", "mn": "20 years old", "fr": 8095}, {"w": "三十", "rd": "さんじゅう", "mn": "thirty; 30", "fr": 8254}, {"w": "十五", "rd": "じゅうご", "mn": "fifteen; 15", "fr": 8366}, {"w": "十二", "rd": "じゅうに", "mn": "twelve; 12", "fr": 8515}, {"w": "五十", "rd": "ごじゅう", "mn": "fifty; 50", "fr": 9027}, {"w": "四十", "rd": "よんじゅう", "mn": "forty; 40", "fr": 10518}, {"w": "十三", "rd": "じゅうさん", "mn": "thirteen; 13", "fr": 11320}, {"w": "十六", "rd": "じゅうろく", "mn": "sixteen; 16", "fr": 12096}, {"w": "十四", "rd": "じゅうし", "mn": "fourteen; 14", "fr": 12578}, {"w": "十日", "rd": "とおか", "mn": "10th day of the month", "fr": 13232}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 879, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "二", "g": 1, "o": 7, "f": 9, "j": null, "on": "ニ、ジ", "kun": "ふた、ふた.つ、ふたたび", "m": "two; two radical (no. 7)", "pm": "two", "r": [{"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}], "hc": "", "hk": "two", "hs": "Like the Roman numeral II, which reduplicates the numeral I, the kanji for <b>two</b> is a simple reduplication of the horizontal stroke that means one. The order of writing goes from above to below, with the first stroke slightly shorter.", "ks": "<b>Two</b> lines.", "v": [{"w": "二人", "rd": "ふたり", "mn": "two persons; two people; pair; couple", "fr": 708}, {"w": "二度", "rd": "にど", "mn": "two times; twice", "fr": 1103}, {"w": "二", "rd": "に", "mn": "two; 2", "fr": 1225}, {"w": "二度と", "rd": "にどと", "mn": "never again", "fr": 1838}, {"w": "二つ", "rd": "ふたつ", "mn": "two", "fr": 2490}, {"w": "二人とも", "rd": "ふたりとも", "mn": "both (people); the two of them", "fr": 2514}, {"w": "第二", "rd": "だいに", "mn": "second", "fr": 2990}, {"w": "二日", "rd": "ふつか", "mn": "2nd day of the month", "fr": 5791}, {"w": "二十", "rd": "にじゅう", "mn": "twenty; 20", "fr": 6924}, {"w": "二階", "rd": "にかい", "mn": "second floor; upstairs", "fr": 6966}, {"w": "二回", "rd": "にかい", "mn": "twice", "fr": 7348}, {"w": "二十歳", "rd": "はたち", "mn": "20 years old", "fr": 8095}, {"w": "二重", "rd": "にじゅう", "mn": "double; two-fold; two layers; duplex", "fr": 8124}, {"w": "十二", "rd": "じゅうに", "mn": "twelve; 12", "fr": 8515}, {"w": "一石二鳥", "rd": "いっせきにちょう", "mn": "killing two birds with one stone", "fr": 11578}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1122, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "本", "g": 1, "o": 8, "f": 10, "j": null, "on": "ホン", "kun": "もと", "m": "book; present; main; origin; true; real; counter for long cylindrical things", "pm": "book", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "tree; wood; one", "hk": "book", "hs": "Recalling that <b>books</b> are made of paper, and paper made of <i>trees</i> , one might think of a <b>book</b> as a slice of a <i>tree</i>. Can you seethe  \"cross-cut\" in the trunk of the <i>tree</i>? Picture it as a chainsaw cutting you out a few <b>books</b> with which to start your own private library.", "ks": "A book is one slice of a tree.", "v": [{"w": "本当", "rd": "ほんとう", "mn": "truth; reality; actuality; fact", "fr": 143}, {"w": "本当に", "rd": "ほんとうに", "mn": "really; truly", "fr": 245}, {"w": "本", "rd": "ほん", "mn": "book; volume; script", "fr": 512}, {"w": "本気", "rd": "ほんき", "mn": "seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity", "fr": 585}, {"w": "日本", "rd": "にっぽん", "mn": "Japan", "fr": 854}, {"w": "本人", "rd": "ほんにん", "mn": "the person in question; the person themselves; said person", "fr": 874}, {"w": "本物", "rd": "ほんもの", "mn": "genuine article; real thing; real deal", "fr": 878}, {"w": "本日", "rd": "ほんじつ", "mn": "today; this day", "fr": 1124}, {"w": "本来", "rd": "ほんらい", "mn": "originally; primarily", "fr": 1457}, {"w": "基本", "rd": "きほん", "mn": "basics; fundamentals; basis; foundation", "fr": 2064}, {"w": "一本", "rd": "いっぽん", "mn": "one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one goal, home run, etc.; o", "fr": 2601}, {"w": "本番", "rd": "ほんばん", "mn": "performance (as opposed to practice); going before an audience or on-air; take", "fr": 2712}, {"w": "本格的", "rd": "ほんかくてき", "mn": "genuine; real; authentic; standard; orthodox", "fr": 3018}, {"w": "本音", "rd": "ほんね", "mn": "real intention; motive; true opinion; what one really thinks", "fr": 3146}, {"w": "本心", "rd": "ほんしん", "mn": "true feelings; real intention; one's heart", "fr": 3179}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 977, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "中", "g": 1, "o": 9, "f": 11, "j": null, "on": "チュウ", "kun": "なか、うち、あた.る", "m": "in; inside; middle; mean; center", "pm": "in", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}], "hc": "stick; mouth", "hk": "in", "hs": "The elements here are a <i>walking stick</i> and a <i>mouth</i>. Remember the trouble your mother had getting medicine <b>in</b> your <i>mouth</i>? Chances are it crossed her mind more than once to grab something handy, like your grandfather's <i>walking stick</i> , to pry open your jaws while she performed her duty. Keep the image of getting something <b>in</b> from the outside, and the otherwise abstract sense of this key word should be a lot easier than trying to spoon castor oil <b>in</b> to a baby's mouth.", "ks": "Pocky goes <b>in</b> the mouth.", "v": [{"w": "中", "rd": "じゅう", "mn": "(all) through (e.g. the night); throughout (e.g. the year); all ... long", "fr": 90}, {"w": "途中", "rd": "とちゅう", "mn": "on the way; en route", "fr": 689}, {"w": "連中", "rd": "れんちゅう", "mn": "company; lot; people; bunch; gang; pack; guys; group; folks", "fr": 1060}, {"w": "背中", "rd": "せなか", "mn": "back (of the body)", "fr": 1082}, {"w": "世の中", "rd": "よのなか", "mn": "society; the world; the times", "fr": 1202}, {"w": "集中", "rd": "しゅうちゅう", "mn": "concentration (on a task); focusing one's attention", "fr": 1213}, {"w": "中身", "rd": "なかみ", "mn": "contents; interior; filling", "fr": 1479}, {"w": "中心", "rd": "ちゅうしん", "mn": "center; centre; middle; heart; core; focus; pivot; emphasis; balance", "fr": 1718}, {"w": "夢中", "rd": "むちゅう", "mn": "absorbed in; immersed in; crazy about; obsessed with; devoted to", "fr": 2027}, {"w": "最中", "rd": "さいちゅう", "mn": "(in) the middle of; (in) the midst of; (in) the course of; (at) the height of", "fr": 2341}, {"w": "世界中", "rd": "せかいじゅう", "mn": "around the world; throughout the world", "fr": 2524}, {"w": "中央", "rd": "ちゅうおう", "mn": "centre; center; middle; heart", "fr": 2617}, {"w": "真ん中", "rd": "まんなか", "mn": "middle; centre; center; midpoint; heart", "fr": 2622}, {"w": "夜中", "rd": "よなか", "mn": "middle of the night; dead of night", "fr": 2690}, {"w": "中学", "rd": "ちゅうがく", "mn": "junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school", "fr": 2719}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1652, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "出", "g": 1, "o": 10, "f": 13, "j": null, "on": "シュツ、スイ", "kun": "で.る、-で、だ.す、-だ.す、い.でる、い.だす", "m": "exit; leave; go out; come out; put out; protrude", "pm": "exit", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "凵", "nj": "かんにょう", "ne": "container"}], "hc": "", "hk": "exit", "hs": "The kanji for <b>exit</b> pictures a series of mountain peaks coming out of the <i>earth</i>. Learn it together with the following frame.", "ks": "The exit lays between these two mountains.", "v": [{"w": "出る", "rd": "でる", "mn": "to leave; to exit; to go out; to come out; to get out", "fr": 84}, {"w": "出す", "rd": "だす", "mn": "to take out; to get out", "fr": 156}, {"w": "思い出す", "rd": "おもいだす", "mn": "to recall; to remember; to recollect", "fr": 374}, {"w": "出会う", "rd": "であう", "mn": "to meet (by chance); to come across; to run across; to encounter; to happen upon", "fr": 701}, {"w": "出来る", "rd": "できる", "mn": "to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)", "fr": 1044}, {"w": "思い出", "rd": "おもいで", "mn": "memories; recollections; reminiscence", "fr": 1311}, {"w": "出かける", "rd": "でかける", "mn": "to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to start; to se", "fr": 1359}, {"w": "呼び出す", "rd": "よびだす", "mn": "to call (someone) to (the door, phone, etc.); to tell (someone) to come; to call", "fr": 1491}, {"w": "飛び出す", "rd": "とびだす", "mn": "to jump out; to leap out; to fly out; to run out; to rush out; to bolt out", "fr": 1714}, {"w": "言い出す", "rd": "いいだす", "mn": "to begin to say; to start talking; to broach (a matter); to bring up; to come ou", "fr": 1769}, {"w": "逃げ出す", "rd": "にげだす", "mn": "to run away; to flee; to make off; to take to one's heels; to escape", "fr": 1854}, {"w": "出来事", "rd": "できごと", "mn": "occurrence; happening; incident; event", "fr": 2084}, {"w": "出会い", "rd": "であい", "mn": "meeting; rendezvous; encounter", "fr": 2123}, {"w": "出発", "rd": "しゅっぱつ", "mn": "departure; leaving; setting off", "fr": 2129}, {"w": "抜け出す", "rd": "ぬけだす", "mn": "to slip out; to sneak away; to break free; to get through (a difficult situation", "fr": 2361}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 850, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "三", "g": 1, "o": 11, "f": 14, "j": null, "on": "サン、ゾウ", "kun": "み、み.つ、みっ.つ", "m": "three", "pm": "three", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}], "hc": "", "hk": "three", "hs": "And like the Roman numeral III, which triples the numeral I, the kanji for <b>three</b> simply triples the single horizontal stroke. In writing it, think of \"1 + 2 = 3\" (一 + 二 = 三) in order to keep the middle stroke shorter.", "ks": "One + two = <b>three</b>.", "v": [{"w": "三", "rd": "さん", "mn": "three; 3", "fr": 1402}, {"w": "三人", "rd": "さんにん", "mn": "three people", "fr": 2875}, {"w": "三つ", "rd": "みっつ", "mn": "three", "fr": 4590}, {"w": "三日", "rd": "みっか", "mn": "3rd day of the month", "fr": 5005}, {"w": "第三者", "rd": "だいさんしゃ", "mn": "third party; third person; outsider; disinterested person", "fr": 5879}, {"w": "三年", "rd": "さんねん", "mn": "three years", "fr": 6786}, {"w": "三度", "rd": "さんど", "mn": "three times; thrice", "fr": 7048}, {"w": "三男", "rd": "さんなん", "mn": "three sons", "fr": 7969}, {"w": "三十", "rd": "さんじゅう", "mn": "thirty; 30", "fr": 8254}, {"w": "三回", "rd": "さんかい", "mn": "three times", "fr": 10140}, {"w": "十三", "rd": "じゅうさん", "mn": "thirteen; 13", "fr": 11320}, {"w": "三角", "rd": "さんかく", "mn": "triangle; triangular shape", "fr": 12717}, {"w": "三百", "rd": "さんびゃく", "mn": "300; three hundred", "fr": 14483}, {"w": "三月", "rd": "さんがつ", "mn": "March", "fr": 14732}, {"w": "三流", "rd": "さんりゅう", "mn": "third-rate; third-class", "fr": 16963}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 808, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "見", "g": 1, "o": 12, "f": 22, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "み.る、み.える、み.せる", "m": "see; hopes; chances; idea; opinion; look at; visible", "pm": "see", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}, {"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}], "hc": "eye; human legs", "hk": "see", "hs": "The elements that compose the character for <b>see</b> are the <i>eye</i> firmly fixed to a pair of <i>human legs</i>. Surely, somewhere in your experience, there is a vivid image just waiting to be dragged up to help you remember this character....", "ks": "Eyes and legs are all you need to see the world.", "v": [{"w": "見る", "rd": "みる", "mn": "to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe", "fr": 46}, {"w": "見える", "rd": "みえる", "mn": "to be seen; to be visible; to be in sight", "fr": 147}, {"w": "見せる", "rd": "みせる", "mn": "to show; to display", "fr": 217}, {"w": "見つける", "rd": "みつける", "mn": "to find; to discover; to come across; to spot; to catch (someone doing)", "fr": 335}, {"w": "見つかる", "rd": "みつかる", "mn": "to be found; to be discovered", "fr": 477}, {"w": "発見", "rd": "はっけん", "mn": "discovery; detection; finding", "fr": 1152}, {"w": "意見", "rd": "いけん", "mn": "opinion; view; comment", "fr": 1303}, {"w": "見事", "rd": "みごと", "mn": "splendid; magnificent; excellent; fine; superb; beautiful; admirable", "fr": 1408}, {"w": "見かける", "rd": "みかける", "mn": "to (happen to) see; to notice; to catch sight of", "fr": 1690}, {"w": "見た目", "rd": "みため", "mn": "appearance; look", "fr": 1721}, {"w": "見守る", "rd": "みまもる", "mn": "to watch over; to keep watch over; to keep an eye on", "fr": 1782}, {"w": "見つめる", "rd": "みつめる", "mn": "to stare (at); to gaze (at); to look hard (at); to watch intently; to fix one's ", "fr": 1790}, {"w": "見逃す", "rd": "みのがす", "mn": "to miss; to overlook; to fail to notice", "fr": 2013}, {"w": "様子を見る", "rd": "ようすをみる", "mn": "to wait and see; to see how things go; to survey the situation", "fr": 2506}, {"w": "見捨てる", "rd": "みすてる", "mn": "to abandon; to fail; to desert; to forsake", "fr": 2558}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 833, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "月", "g": 1, "o": 13, "f": 23, "j": null, "on": "ゲツ、ガツ", "kun": "つき", "m": "month; moon", "pm": "month", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "moon; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "month", "hs": "This character is actually a picture of the moon, with the two horizontal lines representing the left eye and mouth of the mythical \"man in the moon.\" (Actually, the Japanese see a hare in the moon, but it is a little farfetched to find one in the kanji.) And one <b>month</b> , of course, is one cycle of the moon.", "ks": "A <b>month</b> is longer than a day.", "v": [{"w": "月", "rd": "つき", "mn": "Moon", "fr": 1163}, {"w": "今月", "rd": "こんげつ", "mn": "this month", "fr": 3999}, {"w": "来月", "rd": "らいげつ", "mn": "next month", "fr": 4758}, {"w": "先月", "rd": "せんげつ", "mn": "last month", "fr": 5486}, {"w": "４月", "rd": "しがつ", "mn": "April", "fr": 5582}, {"w": "１０月", "rd": "じゅうがつ", "mn": "October", "fr": 6301}, {"w": "３月", "rd": "さんがつ", "mn": "March", "fr": 6345}, {"w": "１２月", "rd": "じゅうにがつ", "mn": "December", "fr": 6604}, {"w": "９月", "rd": "くがつ", "mn": "September", "fr": 6693}, {"w": "８月", "rd": "はちがつ", "mn": "August", "fr": 6864}, {"w": "７月", "rd": "しちがつ", "mn": "July", "fr": 6945}, {"w": "毎月", "rd": "まいげつ", "mn": "every month; each month; monthly", "fr": 7093}, {"w": "６月", "rd": "ろくがつ", "mn": "June", "fr": 7238}, {"w": "１１月", "rd": "じゅういちがつ", "mn": "November", "fr": 7297}, {"w": "ヶ月", "rd": "かげつ", "mn": "counter for months", "fr": 7363}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 841, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "生", "g": 1, "o": 14, "f": 29, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ショウ", "kun": "い.きる、い.かす、い.ける、う.まれる、うま.れる、う.まれ、うまれ、う.む、お.う、は.える、は.やす、き、なま、なま-、な.る、な.す、む.す、-う", "m": "life; genuine; birth", "pm": "life", "r": [{"c": "生", "nj": "うまれる", "ne": "birth"}], "hc": "This is Your Life; cell; drop; grow up", "hk": "life", "hs": "A single <i>drop</i> added to the element for <i>grow up</i> gives us the character for <b>life</b>.", "ks": "Growing Up is just a Drop of our LIFE.", "v": [{"w": "生きる", "rd": "いきる", "mn": "to live; to exist", "fr": 223}, {"w": "先生", "rd": "せんせい", "mn": "teacher; instructor; master", "fr": 298}, {"w": "生まれる", "rd": "うまれる", "mn": "to be born", "fr": 539}, {"w": "人生", "rd": "じんせい", "mn": "(one's) life", "fr": 573}, {"w": "生活", "rd": "せいかつ", "mn": "life; living", "fr": 695}, {"w": "一生", "rd": "いっしょう", "mn": "whole life; a lifetime; all through life", "fr": 822}, {"w": "生徒", "rd": "せいと", "mn": "pupil; student; schoolchild", "fr": 1696}, {"w": "発生", "rd": "はっせい", "mn": "occurrence; incidence; outbreak; birth (e.g. of civilization)", "fr": 1825}, {"w": "一生懸命", "rd": "いっしょうけんめい", "mn": "very hard; with utmost effort; as hard as one can; with all one's might; for dea", "fr": 1843}, {"w": "学生", "rd": "がくせい", "mn": "student (esp. a university student)", "fr": 1909}, {"w": "生", "rd": "なま", "mn": "raw; uncooked; fresh", "fr": 2097}, {"w": "生き物", "rd": "いきもの", "mn": "living thing; living creature; animal; life", "fr": 2152}, {"w": "誕生日", "rd": "たんじょうび", "mn": "birthday", "fr": 2288}, {"w": "生かす", "rd": "いかす", "mn": "to make (the best) use of; to put to good use; to leverage (skills, attributes, ", "fr": 2304}, {"w": "生き残る", "rd": "いきのこる", "mn": "to survive", "fr": 2632}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 722, "rp": 14, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "五", "g": 1, "o": 15, "f": 31, "j": null, "on": "ゴ", "kun": "いつ、いつ.つ", "m": "five", "pm": "five", "r": [{"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}], "hc": "", "hk": "five", "hs": "As with <i>four</i> , we shall postpone learning the primitive elements that make up this character. Note how the general principle we just learned in the preceding frame applies to the writing of the character for <b>five</b>.", "ks": "三 + two vertical lines = 5.", "v": [{"w": "五", "rd": "ご", "mn": "five; 5", "fr": 2714}, {"w": "五分", "rd": "ごぶ", "mn": "half; 50%", "fr": 7773}, {"w": "十五", "rd": "じゅうご", "mn": "fifteen; 15", "fr": 8366}, {"w": "五十", "rd": "ごじゅう", "mn": "fifty; 50", "fr": 9027}, {"w": "五つ", "rd": "いつつ", "mn": "five", "fr": 12306}, {"w": "五感", "rd": "ごかん", "mn": "the five senses", "fr": 12726}, {"w": "五日", "rd": "いつか", "mn": "5th day of the month", "fr": 12801}, {"w": "五月", "rd": "ごがつ", "mn": "May", "fr": 15737}, {"w": "五十音", "rd": "ごじゅうおん", "mn": "the Japanese syllabary", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "四捨五入", "rd": "ししゃごにゅう", "mn": "rounding (off; a number); rounding half away from zero", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "七五三", "rd": "しちごさん", "mn": "shichi-go-san; 7-5-3 day", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "五体", "rd": "ごたい", "mn": "the whole body", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "五十三次", "rd": "ごじゅうさんつぎ", "mn": "fifty-three stations on the Tōkaidō (Edo-Kyoto highway in Edo-period Japan)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "五輪", "rd": "ごりん", "mn": "Olympic Games; Olympics", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 927, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "上", "g": 1, "o": 16, "f": 35, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ、ショウ、シャン", "kun": "うえ、-うえ、うわ-、かみ、あ.げる、-あ.げる、あ.がる、-あ.がる、あ.がり、-あ.がり、のぼ.る、のぼ.り、のぼ.せる、のぼ.す、たてまつ.る", "m": "above; up", "pm": "above", "r": [{"c": "卜", "nj": "ぼく", "ne": "oracle"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}], "hc": "magic wand; augury; divining rod; one; floor", "hk": "above", "hs": "The two directions, <b>above</b> and below, are usually pointed at with the finger. But the characters do not follow that custom, so we have to choose something else, easily remembered. The primitives show a <i>magic wand</i> standing <b><i>above</i></b> a <i>floor</i>  \\- \"magically,\" you might say. Anyway, go right on to the next frame, since the two belong together and are best remembered as a unit, just as the words <b>above</b> and <i>below</i> suggest each other.", "ks": "A <i>magic wand</i> standing on <b>above</b> the floor.", "v": [{"w": "上", "rd": "うえ", "mn": "above; over; up", "fr": 212}, {"w": "以上", "rd": "いじょう", "mn": "not less than ...; ... and over; ... and above; ... and upwards; ... or more", "fr": 310}, {"w": "上がる", "rd": "あがる", "mn": "to rise; to go up; to come up; to ascend; to be raised", "fr": 490}, {"w": "上げる", "rd": "あげる", "mn": "to raise; to elevate", "fr": 713}, {"w": "上手", "rd": "じょうず", "mn": "skillful; skilled; proficient; good (at); adept; clever", "fr": 1679}, {"w": "盛り上がる", "rd": "もりあがる", "mn": "to swell; to rise; to bulge; to be piled up", "fr": 1895}, {"w": "立ち上がる", "rd": "たちあがる", "mn": "to stand up; to get up; to rise (to one's feet)", "fr": 1974}, {"w": "申し上げる", "rd": "もうしあげる", "mn": "to say; to tell; to state; to express; to offer; to extend (greetings, congratul", "fr": 2400}, {"w": "見上げる", "rd": "みあげる", "mn": "to look up at; to raise one's eyes", "fr": 2616}, {"w": "年上", "rd": "としうえ", "mn": "older; senior", "fr": 3106}, {"w": "地上", "rd": "ちじょう", "mn": "above ground; on the ground; earth's surface", "fr": 3194}, {"w": "持ち上げる", "rd": "もちあげる", "mn": "to elevate; to raise; to lift up", "fr": 3350}, {"w": "上手い", "rd": "うまい", "mn": "skillful; skilful; skilled; good; expert; clever (expression, trick, etc.); apt;", "fr": 3383}, {"w": "屋上", "rd": "おくじょう", "mn": "rooftop", "fr": 3535}, {"w": "上る", "rd": "のぼる", "mn": "to ascend; to go up; to climb", "fr": 3590}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 892, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "四", "g": 1, "o": 17, "f": 47, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "よ、よ.つ、よっ.つ、よん", "m": "four", "pm": "four", "r": [{"c": "囗", "nj": "くにがまえ", "ne": "border"}, {"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}], "hc": "pent in; human legs", "hk": "four", "hs": "This character is composed of two primitive elements, <i>mouth</i> and <i>human legs</i> , both of which we will meet in the coming lessons. Assuming that you already knew how to write this kanji, we will pass over the \"story\" connected with it until later. Note how the second stroke is written left-to-right and then top- to-bottom. This is consistent with what we have already seen in the first three numbers and leads us to a general principle that will be helpful when we come to more complicated kanji later on: write north-to-south, west-to-east, northwest-to-southeast.", "ks": "<b>FOUR</b> year-olds often put their FOOT (human legs) in their MOUTH - but they are too young to realize.", "v": [{"w": "四", "rd": "し", "mn": "four; 4", "fr": 2496}, {"w": "四人", "rd": "よにん", "mn": "four people", "fr": 5328}, {"w": "四つ", "rd": "よっつ", "mn": "four; 4", "fr": 8712}, {"w": "四方", "rd": "しほう", "mn": "the four cardinal directions; north, east, south and west; all directions", "fr": 9053}, {"w": "四十", "rd": "よんじゅう", "mn": "forty; 40", "fr": 10518}, {"w": "四角い", "rd": "しかくい", "mn": "square; rectangular", "fr": 11193}, {"w": "四肢", "rd": "しし", "mn": "the (four) limbs; arms and legs", "fr": 11447}, {"w": "十四", "rd": "じゅうし", "mn": "fourteen; 14", "fr": 12578}, {"w": "四日", "rd": "よっか", "mn": "4th day of the month", "fr": 13383}, {"w": "四月", "rd": "しがつ", "mn": "April", "fr": 15037}, {"w": "四季", "rd": "しき", "mn": "the four seasons", "fr": 22840}, {"w": "四角", "rd": "しかく", "mn": "quadrilateral; square", "fr": 23250}, {"w": "四本", "rd": "よんほん", "mn": "four (long cylindrical things)", "fr": 23595}, {"w": "四国", "rd": "しこく", "mn": "Shikoku (smallest of the four main islands of Japan)", "fr": 24147}, {"w": "四百", "rd": "よんひゃく", "mn": "400; four hundred", "fr": 24580}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 331, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "金", "g": 1, "o": 18, "f": 53, "j": null, "on": "キン、コン、ゴン", "kun": "かね、かな-、-がね", "m": "gold", "pm": "gold", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}], "hc": "metal; umbrella; drop; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "gold", "hs": "If this were not one of the most common characters you will ever have to write, I would apologize for having to give the explanation that follows. Anyway, we want to depict bars of <b>gold</b> bullion with an <i>umbrella</i> overhead to shade them from the heat (and perhaps to hide them as well). The bullion is made by melting down all the <i>scepters</i> of the kingdom, <i>drop</i> by <i>drop</i> , and shaping them into bars.", "ks": "The king (#255 王) walks under the umbrella with a bag of gold on both side.", "v": [{"w": "お金", "rd": "おかね", "mn": "money", "fr": 684}, {"w": "金", "rd": "かね", "mn": "money", "fr": 754}, {"w": "借金", "rd": "しゃっきん", "mn": "debt; loan; liabilities; borrowing money", "fr": 3839}, {"w": "金持ち", "rd": "かねもち", "mn": "rich person; wealthy person", "fr": 4711}, {"w": "資金", "rd": "しきん", "mn": "funds; capital", "fr": 4931}, {"w": "金額", "rd": "きんがく", "mn": "amount of money; sum", "fr": 4940}, {"w": "大金", "rd": "たいきん", "mn": "large amount of money; great cost", "fr": 5298}, {"w": "金属", "rd": "きんぞく", "mn": "metal", "fr": 5521}, {"w": "現金", "rd": "げんきん", "mn": "cash; ready money; money on hand; currency", "fr": 5659}, {"w": "金髪", "rd": "きんぱつ", "mn": "blond hair; blonde hair; golden hair", "fr": 6287}, {"w": "お金持ち", "rd": "おかねもち", "mn": "rich person; wealthy person", "fr": 6614}, {"w": "金色", "rd": "きんいろ", "mn": "gold (colour, color)", "fr": 6785}, {"w": "黄金", "rd": "おうごん", "mn": "gold (Au)", "fr": 7040}, {"w": "貯金", "rd": "ちょきん", "mn": "putting money aside; savings; deposit (e.g. in a bank)", "fr": 7354}, {"w": "料金", "rd": "りょうきん", "mn": "fee; charge; fare", "fr": 8252}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 826, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "九", "g": 1, "o": 19, "f": 55, "j": null, "on": "キュウ、ク", "kun": "ここの、ここの.つ", "m": "nine", "pm": "nine", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "乙", "nj": "おつ", "ne": "the second"}], "hc": "baseball", "hk": "nine", "hs": "If you take care to remember the stroke order of this kanji, you will not have trouble later keeping it distinct from the kanji for <i>power</i> (Frame 922).", "ks": "It looks like an elaborate letter \"n\" for nine.", "v": [{"w": "九", "rd": "きゅう", "mn": "nine; 9", "fr": 5817}, {"w": "九州", "rd": "きゅうしゅう", "mn": "Kyūshū (southernmost of the four main islands of Japan)", "fr": 13098}, {"w": "十九", "rd": "じゅうきゅう", "mn": "nineteen; 19", "fr": 17975}, {"w": "九十", "rd": "きゅうじゅう", "mn": "ninety; 90", "fr": 20366}, {"w": "九月", "rd": "くがつ", "mn": "September", "fr": 20376}, {"w": "九つ", "rd": "ここのつ", "mn": "nine", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "九九", "rd": "くく", "mn": "multiplication table; times table", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "九重", "rd": "ここのえ", "mn": "ninefold", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "北九州", "rd": "きたきゅうしゅう", "mn": "Kitakyushu (city)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千九百年代", "rd": "せんきゅうひゃくねんだい", "mn": "the 1900s", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 611, "rp": 14, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "入", "g": 1, "o": 20, "f": 56, "j": null, "on": "ニュウ、ジュ", "kun": "い.る、-い.る、-い.り、い.れる、-い.れ、はい.る", "m": "enter; insert", "pm": "enter", "r": [{"c": "入", "nj": "いる", "ne": "to enter"}], "hc": "", "hk": "enter", "hs": "This character is meant to be a picture of someone walking leftwards, putting one leg forward in order to <b>enter</b> someplace. Since the  \"in\" side of a character is the left, it should be easy to remember the writing of this character.", "ks": "Pictograph, see book. * As a primitive, using the image of going through a door, even one that stands alone with the frame and no wall around, helps flesh out the primitive “enter”.", "v": [{"w": "入る", "rd": "いる", "mn": "to enter; to go in; to get in; to come in", "fr": 111}, {"w": "入れる", "rd": "いれる", "mn": "to put in; to let in; to take in; to bring in; to insert; to install (e.g. softw", "fr": 219}, {"w": "気に入る", "rd": "きにいる", "mn": "to like; to be pleased with; to be delighted with; to take a liking to; to suit ", "fr": 816}, {"w": "手に入れる", "rd": "てにいれる", "mn": "to obtain; to get; to procure; to win; to secure", "fr": 1038}, {"w": "受け入れる", "rd": "うけいれる", "mn": "to accept; to receive; to agree", "fr": 1172}, {"w": "手に入る", "rd": "てにはいる", "mn": "to obtain; to come into possession of; to get hold of; to get one's hands on", "fr": 2050}, {"w": "入り口", "rd": "いりぐち", "mn": "entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth", "fr": 2371}, {"w": "入り", "rd": "いり", "mn": "entering; entrance; entry", "fr": 2549}, {"w": "侵入", "rd": "しんにゅう", "mn": "invasion; incursion; raid; aggression; intrusion; trespass; penetration; hacking", "fr": 2651}, {"w": "出入り", "rd": "でいり", "mn": "going in and out; entering and exiting", "fr": 3114}, {"w": "入り込む", "rd": "はいりこむ", "mn": "to go into; to come into; to penetrate; to get in; to step in (a house)", "fr": 3155}, {"w": "入院", "rd": "にゅういん", "mn": "hospitalization; hospitalisation", "fr": 3213}, {"w": "お気に入り", "rd": "おきにいり", "mn": "favorite; favourite; pet (e.g. teacher's pet)", "fr": 3365}, {"w": "購入", "rd": "こうにゅう", "mn": "purchase; buying", "fr": 3553}, {"w": "突入", "rd": "とつにゅう", "mn": "rushing into; breaking into; storming", "fr": 3885}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 137, "rp": 27, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "立", "g": 1, "o": 21, "f": 58, "j": null, "on": "リツ、リュウ、リットル", "kun": "た.つ、-た.つ、た.ち-、た.てる、-た.てる、た.て-、たて-、-た.て、-だ.て、-だ.てる", "m": "stand up; rise; set up; erect", "pm": "stand up", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}], "hc": "vase", "hk": "stand up", "hs": "This picture of a vase <b>standing up</b> has its meaning extended to represent the general posture of anything <b>standing up</b>.", "ks": "A vase that can't <b>stand up</b> won't be a vase for long.", "v": [{"w": "立つ", "rd": "たつ", "mn": "to stand (up); to rise; to get to one's feet; to stand on end (e.g. of hairs); t", "fr": 441}, {"w": "立派", "rd": "りっぱ", "mn": "splendid; fine; handsome; elegant; imposing; prominent; impressive", "fr": 884}, {"w": "立てる", "rd": "たてる", "mn": "to stand up; to put up; to set up; to erect; to raise", "fr": 1078}, {"w": "立場", "rd": "たちば", "mn": "position; situation", "fr": 1114}, {"w": "役に立つ", "rd": "やくにたつ", "mn": "to be helpful; to be useful", "fr": 1477}, {"w": "目立つ", "rd": "めだつ", "mn": "to be conspicuous; to stand out", "fr": 1554}, {"w": "立ち上がる", "rd": "たちあがる", "mn": "to stand up; to get up; to rise (to one's feet)", "fr": 1974}, {"w": "成立", "rd": "せいりつ", "mn": "formation; establishment; materialization; coming into existence", "fr": 2950}, {"w": "立ち止まる", "rd": "たちどまる", "mn": "to stop (in one's tracks); to come to a stop; to halt; to pause; to stand still", "fr": 3483}, {"w": "立ち去る", "rd": "たちさる", "mn": "to leave; to depart; to take one's leave", "fr": 3959}, {"w": "成り立つ", "rd": "なりたつ", "mn": "to consist of; to be made up of; to be composed of", "fr": 4968}, {"w": "立ち直る", "rd": "たちなおる", "mn": "to regain one's footing; to get back on one's feet", "fr": 5143}, {"w": "役立つ", "rd": "やくだつ", "mn": "to be useful; to be helpful; to serve the purpose", "fr": 5657}, {"w": "立て直す", "rd": "たてなおす", "mn": "to put back up; to stand back up", "fr": 5683}, {"w": "旅立つ", "rd": "たびだつ", "mn": "to begin a trip; to depart; to embark", "fr": 5750}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 244, "rp": 24, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "手", "g": 1, "o": 22, "f": 60, "j": null, "on": "シュ、ズ", "kun": "て、て-、-て、た-", "m": "hand", "pm": "hand", "r": [{"c": "手", "nj": "て", "ne": "hand"}], "hc": "", "hk": "hand", "hs": "Any way you count them, there are either too many or too few fingers to see a good pictograph of a <b>hand</b> in this character. But that it is, and so you must.", "ks": "A hand is useful for 千一 (1001) things.", "v": [{"w": "仕手", "rd": "して", "mn": "doer; performer", "fr": 94}, {"w": "手", "rd": "て", "mn": "hand; arm", "fr": 152}, {"w": "相手", "rd": "あいて", "mn": "companion; partner; company", "fr": 225}, {"w": "手伝う", "rd": "てつだう", "mn": "to help; to assist; to aid", "fr": 551}, {"w": "勝手", "rd": "かって", "mn": "one's own convenience; one's way; selfishness", "fr": 761}, {"w": "苦手", "rd": "にがて", "mn": "poor (at); weak (in); not very good (at)", "fr": 1033}, {"w": "手に入れる", "rd": "てにいれる", "mn": "to obtain; to get; to procure; to win; to secure", "fr": 1038}, {"w": "手紙", "rd": "てがみ", "mn": "letter; note", "fr": 1506}, {"w": "下手", "rd": "したて", "mn": "humble position; inferior", "fr": 1547}, {"w": "上手", "rd": "じょうず", "mn": "skillful; skilled; proficient; good (at); adept; clever", "fr": 1679}, {"w": "派手", "rd": "はで", "mn": "showy; loud; flashy; gaudy", "fr": 1774}, {"w": "手に入る", "rd": "てにはいる", "mn": "to obtain; to come into possession of; to get hold of; to get one's hands on", "fr": 2050}, {"w": "手段", "rd": "しゅだん", "mn": "means; way; measure", "fr": 2068}, {"w": "両手", "rd": "りょうて", "mn": "both hands; both arms", "fr": 2212}, {"w": "手伝い", "rd": "てつだい", "mn": "helper; assistant", "fr": 2383}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 1206, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "力", "g": 1, "o": 23, "f": 62, "j": null, "on": "リョク、リキ、リイ", "kun": "ちから", "m": "power; strength; strong; strain; bear up; exert", "pm": "power", "r": [{"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "muscle; arnold", "hk": "power", "hs": "With a little imagination, one can see a muscle in this simple, two-stroke character meaning <b>power</b>.", "ks": "I always refer to the <b>power</b> of the <i>KATAKANA \"KA\"</i>.", "v": [{"w": "力", "rd": "ちから", "mn": "force; strength; might; vigour; vigor; energy", "fr": 276}, {"w": "協力", "rd": "きょうりょく", "mn": "cooperation; collaboration; help; support", "fr": 832}, {"w": "努力", "rd": "どりょく", "mn": "effort; exertion; endeavour; endeavor; hard work; striving", "fr": 1236}, {"w": "能力", "rd": "のうりょく", "mn": "ability; faculty", "fr": 1395}, {"w": "全力", "rd": "ぜんりょく", "mn": "all one's power (strength, energy, efforts); one's utmost", "fr": 1618}, {"w": "体力", "rd": "たいりょく", "mn": "physical strength; power; stamina; endurance; vigor; resistance to disease", "fr": 2061}, {"w": "実力", "rd": "じつりょく", "mn": "(real) ability; true strength; merit; efficiency; competency", "fr": 2299}, {"w": "魅力", "rd": "みりょく", "mn": "charm; fascination; glamour; glamor; attraction; appeal", "fr": 2576}, {"w": "暴力", "rd": "ぼうりょく", "mn": "violence; mayhem", "fr": 2964}, {"w": "強力", "rd": "きょうりょく", "mn": "powerful; strong", "fr": 3052}, {"w": "魅力的", "rd": "みりょくてき", "mn": "charming; fascinating; attractive", "fr": 3573}, {"w": "力強い", "rd": "ちからづよい", "mn": "powerful; strong; forceful; vigorous", "fr": 3709}, {"w": "無力", "rd": "むりょく", "mn": "powerlessness; helplessness; incompetence; ineffectiveness", "fr": 4136}, {"w": "威力", "rd": "いりょく", "mn": "power; might; authority; influence", "fr": 4173}, {"w": "戦力", "rd": "せんりょく", "mn": "war potential; military strength; fighting power", "fr": 4492}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 1114, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "学", "g": 1, "o": 24, "f": 63, "j": null, "on": "ガク", "kun": "まな.ぶ", "m": "study; learning; science", "pm": "study", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "子", "nj": "こ", "ne": "child"}], "hc": "schoolhouse; owl; crown; child", "hk": "study", "hs": "The <i>child</i> in the little red <i>schoolhouse</i> is there for one reason only: to <b>study</b>. Anyone who has gone through the schooling system knows well enough that <b>study</b> is one thing and <i>learning</i> quite another again. In the kanji, too, the character for <i>learning  </i>(Frame 616) has nothing to do with the <i>schoolhouse</i>.", "ks": "Children in schoolhouses are there to study , nothing else!!!", "v": [{"w": "学校", "rd": "がっこう", "mn": "school", "fr": 642}, {"w": "大学", "rd": "だいがく", "mn": "university; college", "fr": 1399}, {"w": "学ぶ", "rd": "まなぶ", "mn": "to learn; to study; to take lessons in", "fr": 1770}, {"w": "学生", "rd": "がくせい", "mn": "student (esp. a university student)", "fr": 1909}, {"w": "小学生", "rd": "しょうがくせい", "mn": "elementary school student; primary school student; grade school student", "fr": 2699}, {"w": "中学", "rd": "ちゅうがく", "mn": "junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school", "fr": 2719}, {"w": "小学校", "rd": "しょうがっこう", "mn": "primary school; elementary school; grade school", "fr": 2885}, {"w": "中学生", "rd": "ちゅうがくせい", "mn": "junior high school student; middle school pupil", "fr": 3941}, {"w": "学園", "rd": "がくえん", "mn": "educational institution; school; academy; campus", "fr": 4029}, {"w": "入学", "rd": "にゅうがく", "mn": "admission (to a school or university); entrance; enrolment; enrollment; matricul", "fr": 4252}, {"w": "見学", "rd": "けんがく", "mn": "inspection; study by observation; field trip; tour; review", "fr": 4283}, {"w": "大学生", "rd": "だいがくせい", "mn": "university student; college student", "fr": 5574}, {"w": "学年", "rd": "がくねん", "mn": "academic year; school year", "fr": 5742}, {"w": "科学", "rd": "かがく", "mn": "science", "fr": 6225}, {"w": "学", "rd": "がく", "mn": "learning; scholarship; study; erudition; knowledge; education", "fr": 6376}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 291, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "円", "g": 1, "o": 25, "f": 69, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "まる.い、まる、まど、まど.か、まろ.やか", "m": "circle; yen; round", "pm": "circle", "r": [{"c": "冂", "nj": "けいがまえ", "ne": "to enclose"}], "hc": "yen", "hk": "circle", "hs": "This kanji, also used for Yen, is one you are not likely to need to study formally, since you can hardly get around in Japan without it. The connection is that the yennies, like pennies, are <b>circular</b> in shape. In any case, the elements are: <i>glass canopy</i> . . . <i>walking stick</i> . . . <i>one</i>.", "ks": "The shape of a Yen coin.", "v": [{"w": "円", "rd": "えん", "mn": "yen (currency of Japan)", "fr": 958}, {"w": "１０００円", "rd": "せんえん", "mn": "1000 yen", "fr": 11724}, {"w": "円形", "rd": "えんけい", "mn": "round shape; circle; circular form", "fr": 17565}, {"w": "円滑", "rd": "えんかつ", "mn": "smooth; undisturbed; uninterrupted; harmonious", "fr": 19897}, {"w": "円満", "rd": "えんまん", "mn": "harmonious; peaceful; happy; amicable; smooth; free from trouble", "fr": 22021}, {"w": "円盤", "rd": "えんばん", "mn": "disk; discus; platter", "fr": 24947}, {"w": "円い", "rd": "まるい", "mn": "round; circular; spherical", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "円周", "rd": "えんしゅう", "mn": "circumference", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "楕円", "rd": "だえん", "mn": "ellipse; oval", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一円", "rd": "いちえん", "mn": "one yen", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "円卓", "rd": "えんたく", "mn": "round table", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "円安", "rd": "えんやす", "mn": "depreciation of the yen; weak yen", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "円建て", "rd": "えんだて", "mn": "yen basis (for trade, exchange, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "円弧", "rd": "えんこ", "mn": "arc", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "円柱", "rd": "えんちゅう", "mn": "column; shaft; cylinder", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 928, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "子", "g": 1, "o": 26, "f": 72, "j": null, "on": "シ、ス、ツ", "kun": "こ、-こ、ね", "m": "child; sign of the rat; 11PM-1AM; first sign of Chinese zodiac", "pm": "child", "r": [{"c": "子", "nj": "こ", "ne": "child"}], "hc": "", "hk": "child", "hs": "This kanji is a pictograph of a <b>child</b> wrapped up in one of those handy cocoons that Japanese mothers fix to their backs to carry around young <b>children</b> who cannot get around by themselves. The first stroke is like a wee head popping out for air, the second shows the body and legs all wrapped up, and the final stroke shows the arms sticking out to cling to the mother's neck.", "ks": "A ten year old child with a baseball cap.", "v": [{"w": "子", "rd": "こ", "mn": "child; kid; teenager; youngster; young (non-adult) person", "fr": 204}, {"w": "子供", "rd": "こども", "mn": "child; children", "fr": 511}, {"w": "様子", "rd": "ようす", "mn": "state (of affairs); situation; circumstances", "fr": 558}, {"w": "女の子", "rd": "おんなのこ", "mn": "girl; daughter; baby girl", "fr": 587}, {"w": "調子", "rd": "ちょうし", "mn": "tune; tone; key; pitch; time; rhythm", "fr": 994}, {"w": "息子", "rd": "むすこ", "mn": "son", "fr": 1112}, {"w": "女子", "rd": "じょし", "mn": "woman; girl", "fr": 1513}, {"w": "男の子", "rd": "おとこのこ", "mn": "boy; son; baby boy", "fr": 1555}, {"w": "男子", "rd": "だんし", "mn": "boy", "fr": 2195}, {"w": "親子", "rd": "おやこ", "mn": "parent and child", "fr": 2388}, {"w": "様子を見る", "rd": "ようすをみる", "mn": "to wait and see; to see how things go; to survey the situation", "fr": 2506}, {"w": "お菓子", "rd": "おかし", "mn": "confections; sweets; candy; cake", "fr": 2513}, {"w": "椅子", "rd": "いす", "mn": "chair; seat; stool; bench", "fr": 2713}, {"w": "子供たち", "rd": "こどもたち", "mn": "children; kids", "fr": 2812}, {"w": "子供の頃", "rd": "こどものころ", "mn": "(time of) one's childhood; when one was a child", "fr": 3276}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 853, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "目", "g": 1, "o": 27, "f": 76, "j": null, "on": "モク、ボク", "kun": "め、-め、ま-", "m": "eye; class; look; insight; experience; care; favor", "pm": "eye", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}], "hc": "", "hk": "eye", "hs": "Here again, if we round out the corners of this kanji and curve the middle strokes upwards and downwards respectively, we get something resembling an <b>eye</b>.", "ks": "目 _ 目 .", "v": [{"w": "目", "rd": "め", "mn": "eye; eyeball", "fr": 160}, {"w": "目的", "rd": "もくてき", "mn": "purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention; motive", "fr": 744}, {"w": "目の前", "rd": "めのまえ", "mn": "before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose", "fr": 774}, {"w": "目指す", "rd": "めざす", "mn": "to aim at (for, to do, to become); to try for; to have an eye on", "fr": 988}, {"w": "真面目", "rd": "まじめ", "mn": "serious; earnest; sober; grave", "fr": 1194}, {"w": "目立つ", "rd": "めだつ", "mn": "to be conspicuous; to stand out", "fr": 1554}, {"w": "見た目", "rd": "みため", "mn": "appearance; look", "fr": 1721}, {"w": "目覚める", "rd": "めざめる", "mn": "to wake up; to awake", "fr": 1738}, {"w": "目標", "rd": "もくひょう", "mn": "goal; target; aim; objective", "fr": 1852}, {"w": "役目", "rd": "やくめ", "mn": "duty; role; function", "fr": 1973}, {"w": "駄目", "rd": "だめ", "mn": "no good; not serving its purpose; useless; broken", "fr": 2059}, {"w": "注目", "rd": "ちゅうもく", "mn": "notice; attention; observation", "fr": 2454}, {"w": "目が覚める", "rd": "めがさめる", "mn": "to wake up; to awake; to perk up; to snap out (of a day dream, etc.)", "fr": 2618}, {"w": "回目", "rd": "かいめ", "mn": "nth time", "fr": 2878}, {"w": "目撃", "rd": "もくげき", "mn": "witnessing; observing; sighting", "fr": 3498}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 532, "rp": 13, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "田", "g": 1, "o": 28, "f": 90, "j": null, "on": "デン", "kun": "た", "m": "rice field; rice paddy", "pm": "rice field", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}], "hc": "brains", "hk": "rice field", "hs": "Another pictograph, this kanji looks like a bird's-eye view of a <b>rice field</b> divided into four plots. Be careful when writing this character to get the order of the strokes correct. You will find that it follows perfectly the principle stated in frame 4.", "ks": "A <b>rice field</b> divided into four parts.", "v": [{"w": "田舎", "rd": "いなか", "mn": "rural area; countryside; the sticks", "fr": 3306}, {"w": "田", "rd": "た", "mn": "rice field", "fr": 9819}, {"w": "田んぼ", "rd": "たんぼ", "mn": "rice field; rice paddy; paddy field", "fr": 22636}, {"w": "水田", "rd": "すいでん", "mn": "(water-filled) paddy field", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "田園", "rd": "でんえん", "mn": "the country; countryside; rural districts", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "田植え", "rd": "たうえ", "mn": "rice planting", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "上田", "rd": "じょうでん", "mn": "high rice field; very fertile rice field", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塩田", "rd": "えんでん", "mn": "saltpan; field for drying salt", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新田", "rd": "しんでん", "mn": "new rice field; newly developed rice field", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "桑田", "rd": "そうでん", "mn": "mulberry plantation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "油田", "rd": "ゆでん", "mn": "oil field", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "沼田", "rd": "ぬまた", "mn": "deep-mud paddy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "炭田", "rd": "たんでん", "mn": "coalfield; coal field", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "田畑", "rd": "たはた", "mn": "fields (of rice and other crops)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "票田", "rd": "ひょうでん", "mn": "(reliable) source of votes; area of strong electoral support; stronghold; (voter", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 854, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "八", "g": 1, "o": 29, "f": 92, "j": null, "on": "ハチ、ハツ", "kun": "や、や.つ、やっ.つ、よう", "m": "eight; eight radical (no. 12)", "pm": "eight", "r": [{"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}], "hc": "", "hk": "eight", "hs": "Just as the Arabic numeral \"8\" is composed of a small circle followed by a larger one, so the kanji for <b>eight</b> is composed of a short line followed by a longer line, slanting towards it but not touching it. And just as the  \"lazy 8\" is the mathematical symbol for \"infinity,\" so the expanse opened up below these two strokes is associated by the Japanese with the sense of an infinite expanse or something \"all-encompassing.\"", "ks": "The curtains close at eight.", "v": [{"w": "八", "rd": "はち", "mn": "eight; 8", "fr": 4058}, {"w": "八つ当たり", "rd": "やつあたり", "mn": "venting one's anger (on someone or something); taking out one's anger on", "fr": 8881}, {"w": "十八", "rd": "じゅうはち", "mn": "eighteen; 18", "fr": 13732}, {"w": "八月", "rd": "はちがつ", "mn": "August", "fr": 18698}, {"w": "八つ", "rd": "やっつ", "mn": "eight", "fr": 20722}, {"w": "八十", "rd": "はちじゅう", "mn": "eighty; 80", "fr": 20815}, {"w": "八百屋", "rd": "やおや", "mn": "greengrocer; fruit and vegetable shop", "fr": 24684}, {"w": "八丁", "rd": "はっちょう", "mn": "skillfulness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "八分音符", "rd": "はちぶおんぷ", "mn": "8th note; eighth note; quaver", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "八千代", "rd": "やちよ", "mn": "very long period; forever", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "八幡", "rd": "はちまん", "mn": "Hachiman (god of war)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "八方", "rd": "はっぽう", "mn": "all sides; the four cardinal directions and the four ordinal directions", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "八重", "rd": "やえ", "mn": "eightfold; octuple", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "八重桜", "rd": "やえざくら", "mn": "double-flowered cherry tree; double cherry blossoms", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "尺八", "rd": "しゃくはち", "mn": "shakuhachi; end-blown fippleless bamboo flute", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1178, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "六", "g": 1, "o": 30, "f": 93, "j": null, "on": "ロク、リク", "kun": "む、む.つ、むっ.つ、むい", "m": "six", "pm": "six", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}], "hc": "top hat; animal legs", "hk": "six", "hs": "The primitives here are <i>top hat</i> and <i>animal legs</i>. Once again, we glide over them until later.", "ks": "Indicating 6 parts of the human body: head, body, 2 arms, 2 legs.", "v": [{"w": "六", "rd": "ろく", "mn": "six; 6", "fr": 3578}, {"w": "十六", "rd": "じゅうろく", "mn": "sixteen; 16", "fr": 12096}, {"w": "六十", "rd": "ろくじゅう", "mn": "sixty; 60", "fr": 14513}, {"w": "六つ", "rd": "むっつ", "mn": "six", "fr": 17341}, {"w": "六月", "rd": "ろくがつ", "mn": "June", "fr": 19362}, {"w": "六十四分音符", "rd": "ろくじゅうしぶおんぷ", "mn": "64th note; hemidemisemiquaver; semidemisemiquaver", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 876, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "下", "g": 1, "o": 31, "f": 97, "j": null, "on": "カ、ゲ", "kun": "した、しも、もと、さ.げる、さ.がる、くだ.る、くだ.り、くだ.す、-くだ.す、くだ.さる、お.ろす、お.りる", "m": "below; down; descend; give; low; inferior", "pm": "below", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "卜", "nj": "ぼく", "ne": "oracle"}], "hc": "one; ceiling; magic wand; augury; divining rod", "hk": "below", "hs": "Here we see our famous miraculous <i>magic wand</i> hanging, all on its own, <b>below</b> the <i>ceiling</i> , as you probably already guessed would happen. In addition to giving us two new kanji, the two shapes given in this and the preceding frame also serve to fix the use of the primitives for <i>ceiling</i> and <i>floor</i> , by drawing our attention successively to the line standing above and <b>below</b> the primitive element to which it is related.", "ks": "Roots are <b>below</b> the ground.", "v": [{"w": "下", "rd": "した", "mn": "below; down; under; younger (e.g. daughter)", "fr": 423}, {"w": "下がる", "rd": "さがる", "mn": "to come down; to go down; to fall; to drop; to sink; to get lower", "fr": 1030}, {"w": "下手", "rd": "したて", "mn": "humble position; inferior", "fr": 1547}, {"w": "下げる", "rd": "さげる", "mn": "to hang; to suspend; to wear (e.g. decoration)", "fr": 1847}, {"w": "廊下", "rd": "ろうか", "mn": "corridor; hallway; passageway", "fr": 2144}, {"w": "下りる", "rd": "おりる", "mn": "to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to come down", "fr": 2153}, {"w": "以下", "rd": "いか", "mn": "not exceeding ...; not more than ...; ... and under; ... and below; ... or fewer", "fr": 2395}, {"w": "下ろす", "rd": "おろす", "mn": "to take down; to bring down; to lower (a hand, flag, shutter, etc.); to drop (an", "fr": 2447}, {"w": "部下", "rd": "ぶか", "mn": "subordinate person", "fr": 2545}, {"w": "地下", "rd": "ちか", "mn": "underground; below the ground", "fr": 2773}, {"w": "下さい", "rd": "ください", "mn": "please (give me)", "fr": 3215}, {"w": "下着", "rd": "したぎ", "mn": "underwear; undergarment; underclothes; lingerie", "fr": 3420}, {"w": "下る", "rd": "くだる", "mn": "to descend; to go down; to come down", "fr": 3958}, {"w": "上下", "rd": "うえした", "mn": "top and bottom; up and down; high and low; above and below; upper and lower ends", "fr": 4092}, {"w": "見下ろす", "rd": "みおろす", "mn": "to overlook; to command a view of; to look down on", "fr": 4253}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 841, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "気", "g": 1, "o": 32, "f": 113, "j": null, "on": "キ、ケ", "kun": "いき、き", "m": "spirit; mind; air; atmosphere; mood", "pm": "spirit", "r": [{"c": "气", "nj": "きがまえ", "ne": "steam"}, {"c": "乂", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "mow"}], "hc": "landed fish; reclining; lying down; one; floor; fishhook; sheaf", "hk": "spirit", "hs": "The <b>spirit</b> in this character refers to the changeable moods and airs of one's personality as well as to the more essential combination of vital forces that distinguish things and individuals one from the other. Its elements are: <i>reclining</i> . . . <i>floor</i> . . . <i>fishhook</i> . . . <i>sheaf</i>. Do not confuse with <i>spirits</i> (Frame 1930).", "ks": "<i>Captain Hook</i> , his <b>spirit</b> crushed, is lying on the ground cursing <i>Wolverine</i> who has defeated him with his far superior claws.", "v": [{"w": "気持ち", "rd": "きもち", "mn": "feeling; sensation; mood; state of mind", "fr": 216}, {"w": "気", "rd": "き", "mn": "spirit; mind; heart", "fr": 240}, {"w": "元気", "rd": "げんき", "mn": "lively; full of spirit; energetic; vigorous; vital; spirited", "fr": 341}, {"w": "本気", "rd": "ほんき", "mn": "seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity", "fr": 585}, {"w": "気分", "rd": "きぶん", "mn": "feeling; mood", "fr": 675}, {"w": "気に入る", "rd": "きにいる", "mn": "to like; to be pleased with; to be delighted with; to take a liking to; to suit ", "fr": 816}, {"w": "気づく", "rd": "きづく", "mn": "to notice; to realize; to realise; to become aware (of); to perceive; to sense; ", "fr": 867}, {"w": "気をつける", "rd": "きをつける", "mn": "to be careful; to pay attention; to take care", "fr": 918}, {"w": "空気", "rd": "くうき", "mn": "air; atmosphere", "fr": 931}, {"w": "平気", "rd": "へいき", "mn": "cool; calm; composed; unconcerned; nonchalant; unmoved; indifferent", "fr": 932}, {"w": "気付く", "rd": "きづく", "mn": "to notice; to realize; to realise; to become aware (of); to perceive; to sense; ", "fr": 1143}, {"w": "雰囲気", "rd": "ふんいき", "mn": "atmosphere; mood; ambience; ambiance; aura; feel", "fr": 1189}, {"w": "ような気がする", "rd": "ようなきがする", "mn": "I feel that ...; I feel as though ...; I have a feeling that ...; I have the imp", "fr": 1316}, {"w": "病気", "rd": "びょうき", "mn": "illness (usu. excluding minor ailments, e.g. common cold); disease; sickness", "fr": 1409}, {"w": "人気", "rd": "にんき", "mn": "popularity; public favor", "fr": 1475}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 953, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "小", "g": 1, "o": 33, "f": 114, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "ちい.さい、こ-、お-、さ-", "m": "little; small", "pm": "little", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}], "hc": "small", "hk": "little", "hs": "The sense of <b>little</b> that this character represents is not the same as  \"a little bit.\" That meaning comes in the next frame. Here <b>little</b> means \"small\" or \"tiny.\" The image is one of three <b>little</b> <i>drops</i> , the first of which (the one in the middle) is written larger so that the kanji has some shape to it. The point of writing it three times is to rub the point in: <b>little</b> , <b>little</b> , nothing but <b>little</b>.", "ks": "A <b>little</b> penguin with its wings at its side.", "v": [{"w": "小さい", "rd": "ちいさい", "mn": "small; little; tiny", "fr": 627}, {"w": "小さな", "rd": "ちいさな", "mn": "small; little; tiny", "fr": 810}, {"w": "小学生", "rd": "しょうがくせい", "mn": "elementary school student; primary school student; grade school student", "fr": 2699}, {"w": "小学校", "rd": "しょうがっこう", "mn": "primary school; elementary school; grade school", "fr": 2885}, {"w": "小説", "rd": "しょうせつ", "mn": "novel; story; (work of) fiction", "fr": 3505}, {"w": "小さい頃", "rd": "ちいさいころ", "mn": "as a child; when one was a child", "fr": 3782}, {"w": "小", "rd": "こ", "mn": "small; little; slight", "fr": 4558}, {"w": "小声", "rd": "こごえ", "mn": "low voice; whisper", "fr": 5047}, {"w": "小僧", "rd": "こぞう", "mn": "youngster; boy; kid; brat; lad", "fr": 5172}, {"w": "小柄", "rd": "こがら", "mn": "small build; small stature; petite", "fr": 6263}, {"w": "小屋", "rd": "こや", "mn": "hut; cabin; shed; (animal) pen", "fr": 6628}, {"w": "小刻み", "rd": "こきざみ", "mn": "mincing; chopping finely", "fr": 7442}, {"w": "小型", "rd": "こがた", "mn": "small-sized; small-scale; miniature", "fr": 7638}, {"w": "小鳥", "rd": "ことり", "mn": "small bird; little bird", "fr": 8049}, {"w": "お小遣い", "rd": "おこづかい", "mn": "pocket money; spending money; pin money; allowance", "fr": 8523}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1053, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "七", "g": 1, "o": 34, "f": 115, "j": null, "on": "シチ", "kun": "なな、なな.つ、なの", "m": "seven", "pm": "seven", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "乙", "nj": "おつ", "ne": "the second"}], "hc": "diced", "hk": "seven", "hs": "Note that the first stroke \"cuts\" through the second. This distinguishes <b>seven</b> from the character for <i>spoon</i>  (Frame 476), in which the horizontal stroke stops short.", "ks": "Almost katakana SE = SEVEN.", "v": [{"w": "七", "rd": "しち", "mn": "seven", "fr": 3580}, {"w": "十七", "rd": "じゅうなな", "mn": "seventeen; 17", "fr": 13438}, {"w": "七つ", "rd": "ななつ", "mn": "seven", "fr": 15778}, {"w": "七十", "rd": "しちじゅう", "mn": "seventy; 70", "fr": 17981}, {"w": "七月", "rd": "しちがつ", "mn": "July", "fr": 18860}, {"w": "七時", "rd": "しちじ", "mn": "seven o'clock", "fr": 19203}, {"w": "七日", "rd": "なのか", "mn": "7th day of the month", "fr": 19522}, {"w": "七七日", "rd": "しちしちにち", "mn": "49th day after death", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "七五三", "rd": "しちごさん", "mn": "shichi-go-san; 7-5-3 day", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "七夕", "rd": "たなばた", "mn": "Star Festival (held in July or August); Tanabata; Festival of the Weaver", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "七福神", "rd": "しちふくじん", "mn": "Seven Gods of Fortune; Seven Deities of Good Luck; Seven Lucky Gods", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "二七日", "rd": "ふたなぬか", "mn": "second week's memorial services", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 579, "rp": 13, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "山", "g": 1, "o": 35, "f": 131, "j": null, "on": "サン、セン", "kun": "やま", "m": "mountain", "pm": "mountain", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}], "hc": "", "hk": "mountain", "hs": "Note the clearer outline of a triangular <b>mountain</b> here.", "ks": "YOU CAN'T POSSIBLY NEED A MNEMONIC FOR THIS!!!!", "v": [{"w": "山", "rd": "やま", "mn": "mountain; hill", "fr": 914}, {"w": "沢山", "rd": "たくさん", "mn": "a lot; lots; plenty; many; a large number; much; a great deal; a good deal", "fr": 7033}, {"w": "山奥", "rd": "やまおく", "mn": "deep in the mountains; mountain recesses", "fr": 10286}, {"w": "山々", "rd": "やまやま", "mn": "(many) mountains", "fr": 10840}, {"w": "山道", "rd": "やまみち", "mn": "mountain road; mountain trail", "fr": 11022}, {"w": "火山", "rd": "かざん", "mn": "volcano", "fr": 17438}, {"w": "富士山", "rd": "ふじさん", "mn": "Mount Fuji; Mt. Fuji; Fujiyama; Fuji-san", "fr": 17946}, {"w": "山頂", "rd": "さんちょう", "mn": "summit (of a mountain)", "fr": 18046}, {"w": "山脈", "rd": "さんみゃく", "mn": "mountain range; mountain belt", "fr": 19883}, {"w": "登山", "rd": "とざん", "mn": "mountain climbing; mountaineering; ascent of a mountain", "fr": 20724}, {"w": "青山", "rd": "せいざん", "mn": "lush mountain; green mountain", "fr": 21546}, {"w": "鉱山", "rd": "こうざん", "mn": "mine (ore)", "fr": 22013}, {"w": "小山", "rd": "こやま", "mn": "hill; knoll", "fr": 23977}, {"w": "山賊", "rd": "さんぞく", "mn": "bandit; brigand", "fr": 24008}, {"w": "山菜", "rd": "さんさい", "mn": "edible wild plants", "fr": 24608}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 880, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "正", "g": 1, "o": 36, "f": 143, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ショウ", "kun": "ただ.しい、ただ.す、まさ、まさ.に", "m": "correct; justice; righteous; 10**40", "pm": "correct", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "止", "nj": "とめる", "ne": "to stop"}], "hc": "one; ceiling; stop; footprint", "hk": "correct", "hs": "\"A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step,\" says the Chinese proverb. Here we see <i>one footprint</i> , complementing that proverb with the sound advice that if the first step is not made <b>correctly</b> , the whole point of the journey will be forfeited. This is the ideal that teachers are supposed to have in <b>correcting</b> their students, and parents in <b>correcting</b> their children.", "ks": "If you do it <b>correct</b> on the <i>first</i> attempt you can <i>stop</i>.", "v": [{"w": "正直", "rd": "しょうじき", "mn": "honest; frank; candid; straightforward", "fr": 616}, {"w": "正しい", "rd": "ただしい", "mn": "right; correct", "fr": 955}, {"w": "正解", "rd": "せいかい", "mn": "correct answer; right solution; correct interpretation", "fr": 1504}, {"w": "正体", "rd": "しょうたい", "mn": "true character; true form; true colors; identity; truth (of a mystery, phenomeno", "fr": 1543}, {"w": "正確", "rd": "せいかく", "mn": "accurate; correct; precise; exact", "fr": 1857}, {"w": "正式", "rd": "せいしき", "mn": "formal; official; regular; proper; legal; due (formalities)", "fr": 2373}, {"w": "正面", "rd": "しょうめん", "mn": "front; frontage; facade; main", "fr": 2375}, {"w": "正義", "rd": "せいぎ", "mn": "justice; right; righteousness", "fr": 2817}, {"w": "正常", "rd": "せいじょう", "mn": "normal; regular", "fr": 5167}, {"w": "修正", "rd": "しゅうせい", "mn": "amendment; correction; revision; modification; alteration; retouching; update; f", "fr": 5186}, {"w": "訂正", "rd": "ていせい", "mn": "correction; revision; amendment", "fr": 6258}, {"w": "正す", "rd": "ただす", "mn": "to correct; to rectify; to reform; to amend; to redress", "fr": 6452}, {"w": "正反対", "rd": "せいはんたい", "mn": "exactly the opposite (of); completely opposite; quite contrary", "fr": 6666}, {"w": "不正", "rd": "ふせい", "mn": "injustice; unfairness; wrongdoing; iniquity; impropriety; irregularity; dishones", "fr": 6833}, {"w": "正論", "rd": "せいろん", "mn": "sound argument; fair argument; just reasoning", "fr": 7564}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 969, "rp": 11, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "女", "g": 1, "o": 37, "f": 151, "j": null, "on": "ジョ、ニョ、ニョウ", "kun": "おんな、め", "m": "woman; female", "pm": "woman", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}], "hc": "", "hk": "woman", "hs": "You have probably seen somewhere the form of a squatting <b>woman</b> drawn behind this character, with two legs at the bottom, two arms (the horizontal line) and the head poking out the top. A little farfetched, until you draw the character and feel the grace and flow of the three simple strokes. Remembering the kanji is easy, being able to write it beautifully is another thing.", "ks": "The woman has her legs crossed.", "v": [{"w": "女", "rd": "おんな", "mn": "woman; female", "fr": 247}, {"w": "彼女", "rd": "かのじょ", "mn": "she; her", "fr": 257}, {"w": "女の子", "rd": "おんなのこ", "mn": "girl; daughter; baby girl", "fr": 587}, {"w": "女性", "rd": "じょせい", "mn": "woman; female", "fr": 604}, {"w": "少女", "rd": "しょうじょ", "mn": "girl (usu. between 7 and 17); young lady", "fr": 1485}, {"w": "女子", "rd": "じょし", "mn": "woman; girl", "fr": 1513}, {"w": "男女", "rd": "だんじょ", "mn": "men and women; man and woman; both sexes; both genders", "fr": 2814}, {"w": "女の人", "rd": "おんなのひと", "mn": "woman", "fr": 2841}, {"w": "女神", "rd": "めがみ", "mn": "goddess", "fr": 4475}, {"w": "女王", "rd": "じょおう", "mn": "queen", "fr": 5353}, {"w": "魔女", "rd": "まじょ", "mn": "witch", "fr": 6378}, {"w": "女房", "rd": "にょうぼう", "mn": "wife (esp. one's own wife)", "fr": 6423}, {"w": "美女", "rd": "びじょ", "mn": "beautiful woman", "fr": 6424}, {"w": "女優", "rd": "じょゆう", "mn": "actress; female actor", "fr": 7083}, {"w": "女子高生", "rd": "じょしこうせい", "mn": "female high school student", "fr": 7513}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 650, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "百", "g": 1, "o": 38, "f": 163, "j": null, "on": "ヒャク、ビャク", "kun": "もも", "m": "hundred", "pm": "hundred", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "白", "nj": "しろ", "ne": "white"}], "hc": "one; ceiling; white; dove", "hk": "hundred", "hs": "The Japanese refer to a person's 99th birthday as a \" <i>white</i> year \" because <i>white</i> is the kanji you are left with if you subtract <i>one</i> from a <b>hundred</b>.", "ks": "100 turned sideways. sort of the same as what ashoksaraf said.", "v": [{"w": "百", "rd": "ひゃく", "mn": "hundred; 100", "fr": 3843}, {"w": "何百", "rd": "なんびゃく", "mn": "hundreds", "fr": 4380}, {"w": "数百", "rd": "すうひゃく", "mn": "several hundred; hundreds (of)", "fr": 6941}, {"w": "二百", "rd": "にひゃく", "mn": "200; two hundred", "fr": 11665}, {"w": "百万", "rd": "ひゃくまん", "mn": "1,000,000; one million; million", "fr": 12894}, {"w": "三百", "rd": "さんびゃく", "mn": "300; three hundred", "fr": 14483}, {"w": "百合", "rd": "ゆり", "mn": "lily (Lilium spp.)", "fr": 14830}, {"w": "四百", "rd": "よんひゃく", "mn": "400; four hundred", "fr": 24580}, {"w": "八百屋", "rd": "やおや", "mn": "greengrocer; fruit and vegetable shop", "fr": 24684}, {"w": "百科事典", "rd": "ひゃっかじてん", "mn": "encyclopedia; encyclopaedia", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "百科辞典", "rd": "ひゃっかじてん", "mn": "encyclopedia; encyclopaedia", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "二百二十日", "rd": "にひゃくはつか", "mn": "220th day; end of the storm period", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "二百十日", "rd": "にひゃくとおか", "mn": "210th day (from the first day of spring according to the lunar calendar); the st", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千九百年代", "rd": "せんきゅうひゃくねんだい", "mn": "the 1900s", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "百姓", "rd": "ひゃくしょう", "mn": "farmer; peasant; farm laborer; farmhand", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 48, "rp": 48, "l": 7, "n": "百 白"}}, {"k": "先", "g": 1, "o": 39, "f": 173, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "さき、ま.ず", "m": "before; ahead; previous; future; precedence", "pm": "before", "r": [{"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}], "hc": "cow; human legs", "hk": "before", "hs": "Take this key word in its physical, not its temporal, sense (even though it refers to both). If you have a <i>cow</i> with <i>human legs</i> , as the elements show us here, it can only be because you have two people in a <i>cow</i> -suit. I always thought I'd prefer to be the one standing <b>before</b> , rather than the one that holds up the rear and becomes the \"butt\" of everyone's laughter.", "ks": "I've never seen a <i>cow</i> with <i>human legs</i> <b>before</b>!", "v": [{"w": "先生", "rd": "せんせい", "mn": "teacher; instructor; master", "fr": 298}, {"w": "先", "rd": "さき", "mn": "point; tip; end; nozzle", "fr": 322}, {"w": "先に", "rd": "さきに", "mn": "previously; before; earlier; formerly; recently", "fr": 323}, {"w": "先ず", "rd": "まず", "mn": "first (of all); firstly; to begin with; before anything else", "fr": 437}, {"w": "先輩", "rd": "せんぱい", "mn": "senior (at school, work, etc.); superior; elder; older person; predecessor", "fr": 753}, {"w": "先ほど", "rd": "さきほど", "mn": "a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago", "fr": 1389}, {"w": "先日", "rd": "せんじつ", "mn": "the other day; a few days ago", "fr": 1593}, {"w": "優先", "rd": "ゆうせん", "mn": "preference; priority; precedence; right of way", "fr": 2574}, {"w": "一先ず", "rd": "ひとまず", "mn": "for now; for the time being; for the present", "fr": 2994}, {"w": "指先", "rd": "ゆびさき", "mn": "fingertip; finger", "fr": 3603}, {"w": "行き先", "rd": "いきさき", "mn": "destination", "fr": 4325}, {"w": "先週", "rd": "せんしゅう", "mn": "last week; the week before", "fr": 4488}, {"w": "先端", "rd": "せんたん", "mn": "pointed end; tip; point; cusp (of a leaf, crescent moon, etc.); apex (of a curve", "fr": 4810}, {"w": "連絡先", "rd": "れんらくさき", "mn": "contact information (address, phone number, etc.)", "fr": 4857}, {"w": "先月", "rd": "せんげつ", "mn": "last month", "fr": 5486}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 835, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "名", "g": 1, "o": 40, "f": 177, "j": null, "on": "メイ、ミョウ", "kun": "な、-な", "m": "name; noted; distinguished; reputation", "pm": "name", "r": [{"c": "夕", "nj": "ゆうべ", "ne": "evening"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "evening; mouth", "hk": "name", "hs": "Perhaps you have heard of the custom, still preserved in certain African tribes, of a father creeping into the tent or hut of his newborn child on the night of the child's birth, to whisper into its ear the <b>name</b> he has chosen for it, before making his choice public. It is an impressive <b>naming</b> custom and fits in tidily with the way this character is constructed: <i>evening</i> . . . <i>mouth</i>. At <i>evening</i> time, a <i>mouth</i> pronounces the <b>name</b> that will accompany one throughout life.", "ks": "In the evening, her sweet mouth whispered my name.", "v": [{"w": "名前", "rd": "なまえ", "mn": "name", "fr": 251}, {"w": "名", "rd": "な", "mn": "name; given name", "fr": 815}, {"w": "有名", "rd": "ゆうめい", "mn": "famous; well-known", "fr": 1200}, {"w": "名乗る", "rd": "なのる", "mn": "to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as)", "fr": 1984}, {"w": "お名前", "rd": "おなまえ", "mn": "name", "fr": 3393}, {"w": "名誉", "rd": "めいよ", "mn": "honor; honour; credit; glory; fame; distinction", "fr": 4063}, {"w": "指名", "rd": "しめい", "mn": "naming; nominating; designating", "fr": 4477}, {"w": "名付ける", "rd": "なづける", "mn": "to name; to call; to christen; to term", "fr": 5385}, {"w": "本名", "rd": "ほんみょう", "mn": "real name", "fr": 5411}, {"w": "有名人", "rd": "ゆうめいじん", "mn": "celebrity; famous person; public figure; big name", "fr": 5452}, {"w": "あだ名", "rd": "あだな", "mn": "nickname", "fr": 6400}, {"w": "名字", "rd": "みょうじ", "mn": "surname; family name; last name", "fr": 7563}, {"w": "名刺", "rd": "めいし", "mn": "business card", "fr": 7798}, {"w": "名残惜しい", "rd": "なごりおしい", "mn": "reluctant (to part)", "fr": 7822}, {"w": "名物", "rd": "めいぶつ", "mn": "famous product; special product; speciality; specialty", "fr": 7928}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 288, "rp": 13, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "川", "g": 1, "o": 41, "f": 181, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "かわ", "m": "stream; river; river or three-stroke river radical (no. 47)", "pm": "stream", "r": [{"c": "川", "nj": "さんぼんがわ", "ne": "river"}], "hc": "flood", "hk": "stream", "hs": "We have taken the image of a river <b>stream</b> over into English to describe things that fall down in straight lines, or ripple along in lines. All of this is more than evident in the kanji given here, a pictograph of a <b>stream</b>.", "ks": "Three stream s grouped together might cause a flood!", "v": [{"w": "川", "rd": "かわ", "mn": "river; stream", "fr": 2017}, {"w": "小川", "rd": "おがわ", "mn": "stream; brook; creek", "fr": 15970}, {"w": "川沿い", "rd": "かわぞい", "mn": "along the river; riverside", "fr": 21475}, {"w": "河川", "rd": "かせん", "mn": "rivers", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "堀川", "rd": "ほりかわ", "mn": "canal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "天の川", "rd": "あまのがわ", "mn": "Milky Way", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "山川", "rd": "さんせん", "mn": "mountains and rivers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "川上", "rd": "かわかみ", "mn": "upper reaches of a river; upstream", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "川下", "rd": "かわしも", "mn": "downstream", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "川岸", "rd": "かわぎし", "mn": "riverbank; riverside", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "川崎", "rd": "かわさき", "mn": "Kawasaki (city)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "川柳", "rd": "せんりゅう", "mn": "senryū; comic haiku", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "川端", "rd": "かわばた", "mn": "riverside; riverbank", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "河川敷", "rd": "かせんじき", "mn": "flood plain; river terrace; riverside area; area between river and river bank", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "滝川", "rd": "たきがわ", "mn": "rapids", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 880, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "文", "g": 1, "o": 42, "f": 190, "j": null, "on": "ブン、モン", "kun": "ふみ、あや", "m": "sentence; literature; style; art; decoration; figures; plan; literary radical (no. 67)", "pm": "sentence", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "乂", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "mow"}], "hc": "plaid; kilt; Billy Connolly", "hk": "sentence", "hs": "Under the familiar <i>top hat</i> we see a crisscross pattern or design, like that found on woodwork or garments. This should make an ugly enough image to help remember it. It can be associated with <b>sentence</b> by thinking of a <b>sentence</b> as a grammatical pattern.", "ks": "The teacher in the tophat puts an X on all the grammatically incorrect sentence s.", "v": [{"w": "文句", "rd": "もんく", "mn": "complaint; grumbling; objection", "fr": 1289}, {"w": "文字", "rd": "もじ", "mn": "letter (of an alphabet); character", "fr": 1977}, {"w": "注文", "rd": "ちゅうもん", "mn": "order (for an item)", "fr": 2337}, {"w": "文化", "rd": "ぶんか", "mn": "culture; civilization; civilisation", "fr": 4189}, {"w": "文章", "rd": "ぶんしょう", "mn": "writing; composition; essay; article; passage; prose; (writing) style", "fr": 4327}, {"w": "文", "rd": "ふみ", "mn": "letter; note; mail", "fr": 5313}, {"w": "文字通り", "rd": "もじどおり", "mn": "literally; to the letter", "fr": 6854}, {"w": "文明", "rd": "ぶんめい", "mn": "civilization; civilisation; culture", "fr": 8274}, {"w": "文面", "rd": "ぶんめん", "mn": "contents of a document (esp. of a letter)", "fr": 10421}, {"w": "文庫", "rd": "ぶんこ", "mn": "library; book collection", "fr": 12075}, {"w": "論文", "rd": "ろんぶん", "mn": "thesis; essay; treatise; paper; article", "fr": 13060}, {"w": "文書", "rd": "ぶんしょ", "mn": "document; writing; letter; papers; notes; records; archives", "fr": 13722}, {"w": "一文", "rd": "いちもん", "mn": "tiny amount of money; a penny; a cent; a farthing", "fr": 14275}, {"w": "文献", "rd": "ぶんけん", "mn": "literature; books (reference); document", "fr": 14560}, {"w": "本文", "rd": "ほんぶん", "mn": "text (of a book, document, etc.); body (of a letter)", "fr": 15206}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 131, "rp": 62, "l": 10, "n": ""}}, {"k": "千", "g": 1, "o": 43, "f": 195, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "ち", "m": "thousand", "pm": "thousand", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "drop; ten; needle", "hk": "thousand", "hs": "This kanji is almost too simple to pull apart, but for the sake of practice, have a look at the <i>drop</i> above and the <i>ten</i> below. Now put the elements together by thinking of squeezing two more zeros out of an <i>eyedropper</i> alongside the number <i>ten</i> to make it a <b>thousand</b>.", "ks": "1000 = 10 ^3 ( 3 strokes ).", "v": [{"w": "千", "rd": "せん", "mn": "thousand; 1,000", "fr": 4578}, {"w": "何千", "rd": "なんぜん", "mn": "many thousands", "fr": 7817}, {"w": "数千", "rd": "すうせん", "mn": "thousands; several thousand", "fr": 10263}, {"w": "千切れる", "rd": "ちぎれる", "mn": "to be torn off; to come off", "fr": 15114}, {"w": "千葉", "rd": "ちば", "mn": "Chiba (city, prefecture)", "fr": 15271}, {"w": "三千", "rd": "さんぜん", "mn": "3000; three thousand", "fr": 20570}, {"w": "千切る", "rd": "ちぎる", "mn": "to tear to pieces; to tear to shreds; to tear up", "fr": 23161}, {"w": "八千代", "rd": "やちよ", "mn": "very long period; forever", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千九百年代", "rd": "せんきゅうひゃくねんだい", "mn": "the 1900s", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千代", "rd": "ちよ", "mn": "thousand years; thousand generations; thousand ages; eternity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千円札", "rd": "せんえんさつ", "mn": "1,000 yen bill", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千島", "rd": "ちしま", "mn": "Kurile Islands", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千島列島", "rd": "ちしまれっとう", "mn": "Kurile Islands", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千秋楽", "rd": "せんしゅうらく", "mn": "final day of a performance; closing date; final show", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千里", "rd": "せんり", "mn": "1000 ri; (a) long distance", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 170, "rp": 34, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "水", "g": 1, "o": 44, "f": 223, "j": null, "on": "スイ", "kun": "みず、みず-", "m": "water", "pm": "water", "r": [{"c": "水", "nj": "みず", "ne": "water"}], "hc": "", "hk": "water", "hs": "This character, which looks a bit like a snowflake, is actually a pictograph of <b>water</b>  \\- not any particular body of water or movement of water, but simply the generic name for <b>water</b>. Should you have any difficulty remembering it, simply think of a <i>walking stick</i> being dropped vertically into the <b>water</b> , sending <i>droplets</i> out in all four directions. Then all you need to learn is how to write it in proper order.", "ks": "When you squeeze a stream you get water.", "v": [{"w": "水", "rd": "みず", "mn": "water (esp. cool or cold)", "fr": 546}, {"w": "水着", "rd": "みずぎ", "mn": "bathing suit; swimsuit; swimmers", "fr": 4706}, {"w": "水面", "rd": "すいめん", "mn": "water's surface", "fr": 6484}, {"w": "水分", "rd": "すいぶん", "mn": "water; liquid; fluid; moisture; humidity; sap; juice", "fr": 7314}, {"w": "香水", "rd": "こうすい", "mn": "perfume; scent", "fr": 8708}, {"w": "水中", "rd": "すいちゅう", "mn": "underwater", "fr": 9300}, {"w": "水滴", "rd": "すいてき", "mn": "drop of water", "fr": 10823}, {"w": "噴水", "rd": "ふんすい", "mn": "water fountain", "fr": 10967}, {"w": "水道", "rd": "すいどう", "mn": "water supply; water service; waterworks; tap water", "fr": 11518}, {"w": "鼻水", "rd": "はなみず", "mn": "nasal mucus; dripping nose; snot", "fr": 12574}, {"w": "水色", "rd": "みずいろ", "mn": "light blue; pale blue; aqua", "fr": 13296}, {"w": "水泳", "rd": "すいえい", "mn": "swimming", "fr": 13302}, {"w": "海水", "rd": "かいすい", "mn": "seawater; saltwater", "fr": 13708}, {"w": "水族館", "rd": "すいぞくかん", "mn": "aquarium (building)", "fr": 14031}, {"w": "水槽", "rd": "すいそう", "mn": "water tank; cistern", "fr": 14216}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1119, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "男", "g": 1, "o": 45, "f": 240, "j": null, "on": "ダン、ナン", "kun": "おとこ、お", "m": "male", "pm": "male", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "rice field; brains; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "man", "hs": "<i>Rice fields</i> . . . <i>power</i>. This character is the gender-specific <b>man</b> , not the generic human <i>person</i> of frame 951.", "ks": "Men have brains and muscles. And, er, women don't.", "v": [{"w": "男", "rd": "おとこ", "mn": "man; male", "fr": 161}, {"w": "男性", "rd": "だんせい", "mn": "man; male", "fr": 1267}, {"w": "男の子", "rd": "おとこのこ", "mn": "boy; son; baby boy", "fr": 1555}, {"w": "男子", "rd": "だんし", "mn": "boy", "fr": 2195}, {"w": "男の人", "rd": "おとこのひと", "mn": "man", "fr": 2656}, {"w": "男女", "rd": "だんじょ", "mn": "men and women; man and woman; both sexes; both genders", "fr": 2814}, {"w": "男たち", "rd": "おとこたち", "mn": "men; males", "fr": 4485}, {"w": "男らしい", "rd": "おとこらしい", "mn": "manly; masculine; like a man", "fr": 6049}, {"w": "長男", "rd": "ちょうなん", "mn": "eldest son (may be the only son); first-born son", "fr": 7616}, {"w": "三男", "rd": "さんなん", "mn": "three sons", "fr": 7969}, {"w": "男前", "rd": "おとこまえ", "mn": "handsome man; man's looks; good looks", "fr": 11393}, {"w": "大男", "rd": "おおおとこ", "mn": "big man; large man; tall man; giant", "fr": 15063}, {"w": "次男", "rd": "じなん", "mn": "second son", "fr": 15881}, {"w": "老若男女", "rd": "ろうにゃくなんにょ", "mn": "men and women of all ages", "fr": 20223}, {"w": "男爵", "rd": "だんしゃく", "mn": "baron", "fr": 24311}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 867, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "村", "g": 1, "o": 46, "f": 253, "j": null, "on": "ソン", "kun": "むら", "m": "village; town", "pm": "village", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "tree; wood; measure; glue", "hk": "town", "hs": "The character for <i>village</i> was associated with <i>rice fields</i> (Frame 96). That for <b>town</b> , a step up on the evolutionary path to cities, shows a circle of <i>trees glued together</i> to measure off the confines of a <b>town</b>.", "ks": "There is a mix up, this kanji means むら=village, not town. The one for town is まち = 町 . 100% shure because my teacher is native Japanese.", "v": [{"w": "村", "rd": "むら", "mn": "village", "fr": 2284}, {"w": "村人", "rd": "むらびと", "mn": "villager", "fr": 10340}, {"w": "村長", "rd": "そんちょう", "mn": "village headman; village mayor", "fr": 18417}, {"w": "漁村", "rd": "ぎょそん", "mn": "fishing village", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "農村", "rd": "のうそん", "mn": "agricultural community; farm village", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "寒村", "rd": "かんそん", "mn": "poor village; desolate village; lonely village; remote village", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "山村", "rd": "さんそん", "mn": "mountain village", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "市町村", "rd": "しちょうそん", "mn": "cities, towns and villages; municipalities", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "村民", "rd": "そんみん", "mn": "villager", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "村議会", "rd": "そんぎかい", "mn": "village assembly", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "町村", "rd": "ちょうそん", "mn": "towns and villages", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "選手村", "rd": "せんしゅむら", "mn": "Olympic village; athlete's village", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 53, "rp": 38, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "口", "g": 1, "o": 47, "f": 284, "j": null, "on": "コウ、ク", "kun": "くち", "m": "mouth", "pm": "mouth", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "", "hk": "mouth", "hs": "Like several of the first characters we shall learn, the kanji for <b>mouth</b> is a clear pictograph. Since there are no circular shapes in the kanji, the square must be used to depict the circle.", "ks": "Looks like a huge open <b>mouth</b>.", "v": [{"w": "口", "rd": "くち", "mn": "mouth", "fr": 403}, {"w": "入り口", "rd": "いりぐち", "mn": "entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth", "fr": 2371}, {"w": "出口", "rd": "でぐち", "mn": "exit; way out", "fr": 3394}, {"w": "口調", "rd": "くちょう", "mn": "tone (of voice); manner of talking", "fr": 3499}, {"w": "一口", "rd": "ひとくち", "mn": "mouthful; morsel; bite", "fr": 4321}, {"w": "悪口", "rd": "あっこう", "mn": "(verbal) abuse; name-calling; abusive language; insulting remarks", "fr": 5201}, {"w": "口実", "rd": "こうじつ", "mn": "excuse; pretext", "fr": 5837}, {"w": "傷口", "rd": "きずぐち", "mn": "(opening of a) wound; cut", "fr": 6071}, {"w": "口出し", "rd": "くちだし", "mn": "meddling (in); butting in; interference; poking one's nose into", "fr": 6971}, {"w": "入口", "rd": "いりぐち", "mn": "entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth", "fr": 7141}, {"w": "口走る", "rd": "くちばしる", "mn": "to blurt out; to let slip; to say inadvertently; to come out with (e.g. nonsense", "fr": 7997}, {"w": "口ぶり", "rd": "くちぶり", "mn": "way of speaking", "fr": 8059}, {"w": "人口", "rd": "じんこう", "mn": "population", "fr": 8489}, {"w": "裏口", "rd": "うらぐち", "mn": "backdoor; rear entrance; rear exit", "fr": 8562}, {"w": "無口", "rd": "むくち", "mn": "taciturn; reticent; quiet; silent; untalkative", "fr": 8770}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 893, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "町", "g": 1, "o": 48, "f": 292, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "まち", "m": "town; village; block; street", "pm": "town", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "丁", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "street"}], "hc": "rice field; brains; street; nail; spike", "hk": "village", "hs": "<i>Street</i> signs standing at the corner of the <i>rice fields</i> depict the <b>village</b> limits. (Remember what was said earlier: when used as a primitive, a kanji may either take its primitive meaning or revert to the original meaning of its key word.)", "ks": "Actually this means <b>town</b> , like one that has lots of <i>streets</i> and is surrounded by all the <i>rice fields</i>.", "v": [{"w": "町", "rd": "まち", "mn": "town; block; neighbourhood; neighborhood", "fr": 1429}, {"w": "町中", "rd": "まちなか", "mn": "downtown", "fr": 15264}, {"w": "町内", "rd": "ちょうない", "mn": "neighborhood; neighbourhood; street; block; town", "fr": 19276}, {"w": "町並み", "rd": "まちなみ", "mn": "townscape; street (of stores and houses); (look of) stores and houses on street", "fr": 21417}, {"w": "下町", "rd": "したまち", "mn": "low-lying part of a city (usu. containing shops, factories, etc.)", "fr": 23736}, {"w": "同町", "rd": "どうちょう", "mn": "the same town; that town", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "城下町", "rd": "じょうかまち", "mn": "castle town", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "室町", "rd": "むろまち", "mn": "Muromachi period (1336-1573)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "市町村", "rd": "しちょうそん", "mn": "cities, towns and villages; municipalities", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "町人", "rd": "ちょうにん", "mn": "chōnin (Edo-period social class of town-dwelling commoners, esp. landowning merc", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "町外れ", "rd": "まちはずれ", "mn": "outskirts (of a town); edge (of a town); just outside the city limits", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "町役場", "rd": "まちやくば", "mn": "town hall", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "町村", "rd": "ちょうそん", "mn": "towns and villages", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "町民", "rd": "ちょうみん", "mn": "townsman; townswoman; resident of a town; townspeople; townsfolk", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "町議会", "rd": "ちょうぎかい", "mn": "town council", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 210, "rp": 31, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "校", "g": 1, "o": 49, "f": 294, "j": null, "on": "コウ、キョウ", "kun": "", "m": "exam; school; printing; proof; correction", "pm": "exam", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "交", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "mingle"}], "hc": "tree; wood; mingle; top hat; father", "hk": "exam", "hs": "Tree . . . mingle.", "ks": "The schools that accepted them were posted on a TREE, the students MINGLED around trying to find their names. (コオ）.", "v": [{"w": "学校", "rd": "がっこう", "mn": "school", "fr": 642}, {"w": "高校", "rd": "こうこう", "mn": "senior high school; high school", "fr": 1781}, {"w": "小学校", "rd": "しょうがっこう", "mn": "primary school; elementary school; grade school", "fr": 2885}, {"w": "高校生", "rd": "こうこうせい", "mn": "senior high school student", "fr": 3218}, {"w": "校舎", "rd": "こうしゃ", "mn": "school building; schoolhouse", "fr": 5207}, {"w": "登校", "rd": "とうこう", "mn": "attendance (at school); going to school", "fr": 6030}, {"w": "校内", "rd": "こうない", "mn": "within a school", "fr": 7336}, {"w": "校門", "rd": "こうもん", "mn": "school gate", "fr": 9179}, {"w": "中学校", "rd": "ちゅうがっこう", "mn": "junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school", "fr": 10068}, {"w": "校庭", "rd": "こうてい", "mn": "schoolyard; school playground; school grounds; campus", "fr": 11010}, {"w": "校長", "rd": "こうちょう", "mn": "principal; head teacher; headmaster; headmistress", "fr": 11179}, {"w": "校則", "rd": "こうそく", "mn": "school rules; school regulations", "fr": 14255}, {"w": "予備校", "rd": "よびこう", "mn": "preparatory school (for entrance examinations); cram school; cramming school", "fr": 22771}, {"w": "専門学校", "rd": "せんもんがっこう", "mn": "vocational school; technical school", "fr": 22920}, {"w": "母校", "rd": "ぼこう", "mn": "alma mater", "fr": 24186}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 139, "rp": 37, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "空", "g": 1, "o": 50, "f": 304, "j": null, "on": "クウ", "kun": "そら、あ.く、あ.き、あ.ける、から、す.く、す.かす、むな.しい", "m": "empty; sky; void; vacant; vacuum", "pm": "empty", "r": [{"c": "穴", "nj": "あな", "ne": "hole"}, {"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}], "hc": "hole; house; human legs; craft", "hk": "empty", "hs": "Hole . . . craft.", "ks": "Hole- craft is the way of making empty spaces, like the sky.", "v": [{"w": "空", "rd": "から", "mn": "emptiness; being empty", "fr": 798}, {"w": "空気", "rd": "くうき", "mn": "air; atmosphere", "fr": 931}, {"w": "空く", "rd": "あく", "mn": "to open (e.g. doors)", "fr": 1544}, {"w": "空間", "rd": "くうかん", "mn": "space; room; airspace", "fr": 2130}, {"w": "空ける", "rd": "あける", "mn": "to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to unlock", "fr": 4143}, {"w": "空っぽ", "rd": "からっぽ", "mn": "empty; vacant; hollow", "fr": 4601}, {"w": "空中", "rd": "くうちゅう", "mn": "(in) the air; midair; sky", "fr": 5091}, {"w": "夜空", "rd": "よぞら", "mn": "night sky", "fr": 5177}, {"w": "上空", "rd": "じょうくう", "mn": "sky; the skies; high-altitude sky; upper air", "fr": 5715}, {"w": "空腹", "rd": "くうふく", "mn": "empty stomach; hunger", "fr": 6890}, {"w": "青空", "rd": "あおぞら", "mn": "blue sky", "fr": 7073}, {"w": "星空", "rd": "ほしぞら", "mn": "starry sky", "fr": 8631}, {"w": "空港", "rd": "くうこう", "mn": "airport", "fr": 9092}, {"w": "空白", "rd": "くうはく", "mn": "blank space (in a document)", "fr": 9369}, {"w": "空想", "rd": "くうそう", "mn": "daydream; fantasy; fancy; vision", "fr": 10905}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1122, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "土", "g": 1, "o": 51, "f": 307, "j": null, "on": "ド、ト", "kun": "つち", "m": "soil; earth; ground; Turkey", "pm": "soil", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "dirt; ground", "hk": "soil", "hs": "I don't like it any more than you do, but this kanji is not the pictograph it is trumped up to be: a mound of <b>soil</b> piled on the ground. All I can recommend is that you memorize it as it is. Anyway, it will be occurring with such frequency that you have almost no chance of forgetting it, even if you try.", "ks": "Soil is neither positive nor negative.", "v": [{"w": "土地", "rd": "とち", "mn": "plot of land; lot; soil", "fr": 2386}, {"w": "土", "rd": "つち", "mn": "earth; soil; dirt; clay; mud", "fr": 2937}, {"w": "お土産", "rd": "おみやげ", "mn": "local specialty or souvenir bought as a gift while traveling (travelling)", "fr": 3302}, {"w": "土曜日", "rd": "どようび", "mn": "Saturday", "fr": 5676}, {"w": "土産", "rd": "みやげ", "mn": "local specialty or souvenir bought as a gift while travelling", "fr": 8593}, {"w": "土曜", "rd": "どよう", "mn": "Saturday", "fr": 9704}, {"w": "土日", "rd": "どにち", "mn": "weekend; Saturday and Sunday", "fr": 10915}, {"w": "土台", "rd": "どだい", "mn": "foundation; base; basis", "fr": 12788}, {"w": "土壇場", "rd": "どたんば", "mn": "last moment; eleventh hour", "fr": 15001}, {"w": "領土", "rd": "りょうど", "mn": "territory; domain; dominion; possession", "fr": 15579}, {"w": "全土", "rd": "ぜんど", "mn": "whole nation; whole land; whole country", "fr": 17596}, {"w": "土手", "rd": "どて", "mn": "embankment; bank", "fr": 18676}, {"w": "土俵", "rd": "どひょう", "mn": "(wrestling) ring", "fr": 19134}, {"w": "粘土", "rd": "ねんど", "mn": "clay", "fr": 19533}, {"w": "国土", "rd": "こくど", "mn": "country; territory; domain; realm", "fr": 22800}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 902, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "木", "g": 1, "o": 52, "f": 317, "j": null, "on": "ボク、モク", "kun": "き、こ-", "m": "tree; wood", "pm": "tree", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "wood", "hk": "tree", "hs": "Here we see a pictograph of a <b>tree</b> , showing the main trunk in the long vertical stroke and the boughs in the long horizontal stroke. The final two strokes sweep down in both directions to indicate the roots. Although it may look similar at first sight to the kanji for <i>water</i> (Frame 137), the order in which it is written is completely different and this affects its final appearance.", "ks": "If you need a story for a <b>tree</b> , then you need to be hit by one.", "v": [{"w": "木", "rd": "き", "mn": "tree; shrub; bush", "fr": 1448}, {"w": "木々", "rd": "きぎ", "mn": "(many) trees; every tree; all kinds of trees", "fr": 6967}, {"w": "木製", "rd": "もくせい", "mn": "wooden; made of wood", "fr": 13053}, {"w": "木陰", "rd": "こかげ", "mn": "shade of a tree; bower", "fr": 13770}, {"w": "草木", "rd": "くさき", "mn": "plants; vegetation", "fr": 13881}, {"w": "木材", "rd": "もくざい", "mn": "lumber; timber; wood", "fr": 15914}, {"w": "大木", "rd": "たいぼく", "mn": "large tree", "fr": 16859}, {"w": "木の葉", "rd": "このは", "mn": "leaf (of a tree); tree leaves; foliage", "fr": 17008}, {"w": "樹木", "rd": "じゅもく", "mn": "tree; trees and shrubs", "fr": 17068}, {"w": "木の実", "rd": "きのみ", "mn": "fruit of a tree; nut; berry", "fr": 17789}, {"w": "木曜日", "rd": "もくようび", "mn": "Thursday", "fr": 18363}, {"w": "木造", "rd": "もくぞう", "mn": "wooden; made of wood; wooden construction", "fr": 18961}, {"w": "並木", "rd": "なみき", "mn": "roadside trees; row of trees", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "土木", "rd": "どぼく", "mn": "engineering works; civil engineering; public works", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "木曜", "rd": "もくよう", "mn": "Thursday", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 860, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "車", "g": 1, "o": 53, "f": 333, "j": null, "on": "シャ", "kun": "くるま", "m": "car", "pm": "car", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}], "hc": "sun; ten; needle", "hk": "car", "hs": "You may keep the whole range of connotations for this keyword, <b>car</b> , provided it does not interfere with the pictograph. Look for the front and back wheels (the first and last horizontal strokes) and the seat in the carriage in the middle. As an exercise, try to isolate the primitives on your own and make a story out of them.", "ks": "My <b>car</b> is so fast it can go through ten rice fields in ten minutes.", "v": [{"w": "車", "rd": "くるま", "mn": "car; automobile; vehicle", "fr": 837}, {"w": "電車", "rd": "でんしゃ", "mn": "train; electric train", "fr": 2355}, {"w": "救急車", "rd": "きゅうきゅうしゃ", "mn": "ambulance", "fr": 4030}, {"w": "自転車", "rd": "じてんしゃ", "mn": "bicycle; bike", "fr": 4195}, {"w": "駐車場", "rd": "ちゅうしゃじょう", "mn": "parking lot; car park; carpark; parking garage", "fr": 7995}, {"w": "車両", "rd": "しゃりょう", "mn": "(wheeled) vehicle; car; (railroad) car; (railway) carriage; rolling stock", "fr": 8433}, {"w": "車内", "rd": "しゃない", "mn": "inside a car (train, bus, etc.)", "fr": 9148}, {"w": "列車", "rd": "れっしゃ", "mn": "train; railway train", "fr": 9441}, {"w": "馬車", "rd": "ばしゃ", "mn": "coach (horse-drawn); carriage; wagon; cart", "fr": 10062}, {"w": "自動車", "rd": "じどうしゃ", "mn": "car; automobile; motorcar; motor vehicle; auto", "fr": 10951}, {"w": "歯車", "rd": "はぐるま", "mn": "gear; cogwheel", "fr": 11297}, {"w": "車輪", "rd": "しゃりん", "mn": "(vehicle) wheel", "fr": 14288}, {"w": "発車", "rd": "はっしゃ", "mn": "departure (of a train, car, etc.); starting; leaving", "fr": 14423}, {"w": "戦車", "rd": "せんしゃ", "mn": "tank (military vehicle)", "fr": 15036}, {"w": "停車", "rd": "ていしゃ", "mn": "stopping (of a train, car, etc.); stop", "fr": 15961}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 456, "rp": 16, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "石", "g": 1, "o": 54, "f": 342, "j": null, "on": "セキ、シャク、コク", "kun": "いし", "m": "stone", "pm": "stone", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "cliff; mouth", "hk": "stone", "hs": "With a <i>mouth</i> under a <i>cliff</i> , what else could we have here but the entrance to a secret cavern, before which a great <b>stone</b> has been rolled so that none may enter. Perhaps it is the hiding place where Ali Baba and his band of thieves have stored their treasures, in which case that magic word known to every school child who ever delighted over the tales of the <i>Arabian Nights</i> should be enough to push the <b>stone</b> aside. But take care - the <i>cliff</i> is steep, and one slip will send you tumbling down into the ravine below. This is the one and only time that the second stroke in <i>cliff</i> will reach over to the middle of the horizontal stroke. If you think of the edge jutting outwards (in keeping with the story above), the problem should be taken care of.", "ks": "Indiana Jones jumps up and grabs the lip of <i>cliff</i> just in time to evade the huge <b>STONE</b> rolling out of the <i>mouth</i> of the cave!", "v": [{"w": "石", "rd": "いし", "mn": "stone; rock; pebble", "fr": 2139}, {"w": "宝石", "rd": "ほうせき", "mn": "gem; jewel; precious stone", "fr": 4955}, {"w": "流石", "rd": "さすが", "mn": "as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); just like (someone)", "fr": 11134}, {"w": "一石二鳥", "rd": "いっせきにちょう", "mn": "killing two birds with one stone", "fr": 11578}, {"w": "小石", "rd": "こいし", "mn": "pebble; small stone", "fr": 12703}, {"w": "鉱石", "rd": "こうせき", "mn": "ore; mineral; crystal", "fr": 19965}, {"w": "石鹸", "rd": "せっけん", "mn": "soap", "fr": 20347}, {"w": "化石", "rd": "かせき", "mn": "fossil", "fr": 21287}, {"w": "磁石", "rd": "じしゃく", "mn": "magnet", "fr": 21532}, {"w": "布石", "rd": "ふせき", "mn": "strategic arrangement of go stones at the beginning of a game; opening moves", "fr": 21682}, {"w": "墓石", "rd": "ぼせき", "mn": "tombstone; gravestone", "fr": 22944}, {"w": "大理石", "rd": "だいりせき", "mn": "marble", "fr": 23235}, {"w": "石段", "rd": "いしだん", "mn": "(flight of) stone steps; stone stairway", "fr": 23581}, {"w": "岩石", "rd": "がんせき", "mn": "rock", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "石油", "rd": "せきゆ", "mn": "oil; petroleum", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 280, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "足", "g": 1, "o": 55, "f": 343, "j": null, "on": "ソク", "kun": "あし、た.りる、た.る、た.す", "m": "leg; foot; be sufficient; counter for pairs of footwear", "pm": "leg", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "龰", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "mouth; mending; mend", "hk": "leg", "hs": "<i>Mouth</i> . . . <i>mending</i>. Note that the last stroke of <i>mouth</i> and the first of <i>mending</i> overlap.", "ks": "I'll use my mouth to mend your leg , I'll kiss it all better :).", "v": [{"w": "足", "rd": "あし", "mn": "foot; paw; arm (of an octopus, squid, etc.)", "fr": 479}, {"w": "足りる", "rd": "たりる", "mn": "to be sufficient; to be enough", "fr": 679}, {"w": "満足", "rd": "まんぞく", "mn": "satisfaction; contentment; gratification", "fr": 1341}, {"w": "足音", "rd": "あしおと", "mn": "(sound of) footsteps", "fr": 2330}, {"w": "足元", "rd": "あしもと", "mn": "at one's feet; underfoot; one's step (as in \"watch your step\")", "fr": 2536}, {"w": "不足", "rd": "ふそく", "mn": "insufficiency; deficiency; shortage; lack; scarcity; deficit", "fr": 2988}, {"w": "手足", "rd": "てあし", "mn": "hands and feet; limbs", "fr": 3740}, {"w": "足る", "rd": "たる", "mn": "to be sufficient; to be enough", "fr": 4543}, {"w": "足取り", "rd": "あしどり", "mn": "gait; walk; stride; pace; step; manner of walking", "fr": 4562}, {"w": "足す", "rd": "たす", "mn": "to add (numbers)", "fr": 5599}, {"w": "寝不足", "rd": "ねぶそく", "mn": "lack of sleep; insufficient sleep", "fr": 6701}, {"w": "足跡", "rd": "あしあと", "mn": "footprints", "fr": 6884}, {"w": "足止め", "rd": "あしどめ", "mn": "preventing (someone) from leaving; confinement; keeping indoors; inducement to s", "fr": 7098}, {"w": "両足", "rd": "りょうあし", "mn": "both feet", "fr": 7104}, {"w": "物足りない", "rd": "ものたりない", "mn": "unsatisfied; unsatisfactory; insufficient in some way; lacking something", "fr": 7501}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 516, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "早", "g": 1, "o": 56, "f": 402, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、サッ", "kun": "はや.い、はや、はや-、はや.まる、はや.める、さ-", "m": "early; fast", "pm": "early", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "sunflower; sun; day; ten; needle", "hk": "early", "hs": "This kanji is actually a picture of the first flower of the day, which we shall, in defiance of botanical science, call the <i>sun</i> flower, since it begins with the element for <i>sun</i> and is held upon a stem with leaves (the pictographic representation of the final two strokes). This time, however, we shall ignore the pictograph and imagine <i>sun</i> flowers with <i>needles</i> for stems, which can be plucked and used to darn your socks. The sense of <b>early</b> is easily remembered if one thinks of the <i>sun</i> flower as the <b>early</b> riser in the garden, because the <i>sun</i> , showing favoritism towards its namesake, shines on it before all the others (see frame 10).", "ks": "The <i>sun</i> up is <b>early</b> , well before <i>ten</i>.", "v": [{"w": "早い", "rd": "はやい", "mn": "fast; quick; rapid; swift; speedy; brisk; prompt", "fr": 118}, {"w": "早速", "rd": "さっそく", "mn": "at once; immediately; without delay; promptly", "fr": 1279}, {"w": "早々", "rd": "そうそう", "mn": "as soon as ...; just after ...; immediately after ...", "fr": 3445}, {"w": "素早い", "rd": "すばやい", "mn": "quick; swift; nimble; agile", "fr": 3775}, {"w": "早く", "rd": "はやく", "mn": "early; soon", "fr": 5552}, {"w": "早朝", "rd": "そうちょう", "mn": "early morning", "fr": 5584}, {"w": "早まる", "rd": "はやまる", "mn": "to be brought forward (e.g. by three hours); to be moved up; to be advanced", "fr": 6281}, {"w": "早", "rd": "はや", "mn": "already; now; by this time", "fr": 6479}, {"w": "早急", "rd": "そうきゅう", "mn": "immediate; prompt; quick; rapid; urgent; pressing", "fr": 6791}, {"w": "早起き", "rd": "はやおき", "mn": "getting up early; early rising", "fr": 7351}, {"w": "手早い", "rd": "てばやい", "mn": "nimble; quick; agile", "fr": 8344}, {"w": "早める", "rd": "はやめる", "mn": "to bring forward (e.g. by 3 hours); to advance; to hasten (e.g. one's death); to", "fr": 9243}, {"w": "足早", "rd": "あしばや", "mn": "fast (walking); quick; brisk", "fr": 9661}, {"w": "早口", "rd": "はやくち", "mn": "fast-talking; rapid talking", "fr": 10032}, {"w": "いち早く", "rd": "いちはやく", "mn": "promptly; quickly; without delay", "fr": 11241}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 850, "rp": 12, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "白", "g": 1, "o": 57, "f": 483, "j": null, "on": "ハク、ビャク", "kun": "しろ、しら-、しろ.い", "m": "white", "pm": "white", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "drop; sun; day", "hk": "white", "hs": "The color <b>white</b> is a mixture of all the primary colors, both for pigments and for light, as we see when a prism breaks up the rays of the sun. Hence, a single <i>drop</i> of <i>sun</i> spells <b>white</b>.", "ks": "A <b>white</b> ray is a drop of sun.", "v": [{"w": "面白い", "rd": "おもしろい", "mn": "interesting; fascinating; intriguing; enthralling", "fr": 525}, {"w": "白い", "rd": "しろい", "mn": "white", "fr": 1188}, {"w": "白", "rd": "しろ", "mn": "white", "fr": 1496}, {"w": "告白", "rd": "こくはく", "mn": "confession (to a crime, wrongdoing, etc.); admission", "fr": 1851}, {"w": "白状", "rd": "はくじょう", "mn": "confession", "fr": 6451}, {"w": "明白", "rd": "めいはく", "mn": "obvious; clear; plain; evident; apparent; explicit; overt", "fr": 6682}, {"w": "白黒", "rd": "しろくろ", "mn": "black and white; monochrome", "fr": 9103}, {"w": "空白", "rd": "くうはく", "mn": "blank space (in a document)", "fr": 9369}, {"w": "青白い", "rd": "あおじろい", "mn": "pale; pallid", "fr": 9730}, {"w": "真っ白", "rd": "まっしろ", "mn": "pure white", "fr": 10293}, {"w": "白紙", "rd": "はくし", "mn": "white paper; flyleaf", "fr": 11494}, {"w": "白衣", "rd": "はくい", "mn": "white clothes; white robe", "fr": 11619}, {"w": "白髪", "rd": "しらが", "mn": "white hair; grey hair; gray hair", "fr": 11882}, {"w": "自白", "rd": "じはく", "mn": "confession; admission", "fr": 12089}, {"w": "潔白", "rd": "けっぱく", "mn": "innocence; guiltlessness; purity; uprightness; integrity", "fr": 13220}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 108, "rp": 39, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "字", "g": 1, "o": 58, "f": 485, "j": null, "on": "ジ", "kun": "あざ、あざな、-な", "m": "character; letter; word; section of village", "pm": "character", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "子", "nj": "こ", "ne": "child"}], "hc": "house; child", "hk": "character", "hs": "Here is the character for <b>character</b> itself. Not just kanji, but any written <b>character</b> from hieroglyphs to Sanskrit to our own Roman alphabet. It shows us simply a <i>child</i> in a <i>house</i>. But let us take advantage of the double-meaning of the key word to note that just as a <i>child</i> born to a Japanese <i>house</i> is given <b>characters</b> for its name, so it is also stamped with the <b>character</b> of those who raise it from infancy on.", "ks": "CHILDren learn Kanji <b>character</b> s underneath a HOUSE.", "v": [{"w": "文字", "rd": "もじ", "mn": "letter (of an alphabet); character", "fr": 1977}, {"w": "字", "rd": "あざ", "mn": "section of village", "fr": 2217}, {"w": "数字", "rd": "すうじ", "mn": "numeral; digit; numeric character", "fr": 2827}, {"w": "文字通り", "rd": "もじどおり", "mn": "literally; to the letter", "fr": 6854}, {"w": "漢字", "rd": "かんじ", "mn": "kanji; Chinese character", "fr": 7468}, {"w": "名字", "rd": "みょうじ", "mn": "surname; family name; last name", "fr": 7563}, {"w": "苗字", "rd": "みょうじ", "mn": "surname; family name; last name", "fr": 13737}, {"w": "赤字", "rd": "あかじ", "mn": "(being in) the red; deficit", "fr": 15217}, {"w": "十字", "rd": "じゅうじ", "mn": "cross; cross shape", "fr": 16093}, {"w": "十字架", "rd": "じゅうじか", "mn": "cross (for crucifixion); the Cross (of Christ)", "fr": 16289}, {"w": "ローマ字", "rd": "ローマじ", "mn": "Latin alphabet; Roman alphabet", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "十字路", "rd": "じゅうじろ", "mn": "crossroads; intersection", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "字体", "rd": "じたい", "mn": "form of a character (e.g. simplified, traditional)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "字引", "rd": "じびき", "mn": "dictionary", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "活字", "rd": "かつじ", "mn": "(piece of) type; movable type; moveable type; printing type", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 225, "rp": 22, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "音", "g": 1, "o": 59, "f": 491, "j": null, "on": "オン、イン、-ノン", "kun": "おと、ね", "m": "sound; noise", "pm": "sound", "r": [{"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "vase; stand up; sun; day; tongue wagging", "hk": "sound", "hs": "The kanji for <b>sound</b> depicts something <i>standing</i> in the air over a <i>tongue wagging in a mouth</i> , much the same as a <b>sound</b> does for the briefest of moments before disappearing.", "ks": "If you were standing on the sun, believe me, you'd be making <b>sound</b>.", "v": [{"w": "音", "rd": "おと", "mn": "sound; noise", "fr": 405}, {"w": "音楽", "rd": "おんがく", "mn": "music", "fr": 1993}, {"w": "足音", "rd": "あしおと", "mn": "(sound of) footsteps", "fr": 2330}, {"w": "本音", "rd": "ほんね", "mn": "real intention; motive; true opinion; what one really thinks", "fr": 3146}, {"w": "物音", "rd": "ものおと", "mn": "noise; sound", "fr": 3926}, {"w": "音声", "rd": "おんせい", "mn": "voice; speech; sound of a voice", "fr": 5600}, {"w": "録音", "rd": "ろくおん", "mn": "(audio) recording", "fr": 7560}, {"w": "音色", "rd": "ねいろ", "mn": "tone color; tone colour; tone quality; timbre", "fr": 9868}, {"w": "発音", "rd": "はつおん", "mn": "pronunciation", "fr": 10904}, {"w": "弱音", "rd": "よわね", "mn": "feeble complaint; whine", "fr": 12417}, {"w": "雑音", "rd": "ざつおん", "mn": "noise (usu. unpleasant)", "fr": 13681}, {"w": "騒音", "rd": "そうおん", "mn": "noise; din", "fr": 14291}, {"w": "音量", "rd": "おんりょう", "mn": "volume (sound)", "fr": 15157}, {"w": "爆音", "rd": "ばくおん", "mn": "(sound of an) explosion or detonation; roar (of a machine)", "fr": 15462}, {"w": "防音", "rd": "ぼうおん", "mn": "soundproofing", "fr": 21667}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 187, "rp": 40, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "天", "g": 1, "o": 60, "f": 512, "j": null, "on": "テン", "kun": "あまつ、あめ、あま-", "m": "heavens; sky; imperial", "pm": "heavens", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}], "hc": "one; ceiling; large", "hk": "heavens", "hs": "This character is meant to be a pictograph of a great man, said to represent the Lord of the <b>Heavens</b>. (You may, of course, use the elements <i>ceiling</i> and <i>St. Bernard</i> instead.)", "ks": "The BIG ONE lives upstairs, in the heavens …", "v": [{"w": "天", "rd": "てん", "mn": "sky", "fr": 2122}, {"w": "天才", "rd": "てんさい", "mn": "genius; prodigy; natural gift", "fr": 2176}, {"w": "天井", "rd": "てんじょう", "mn": "ceiling", "fr": 2962}, {"w": "天気", "rd": "てんき", "mn": "weather", "fr": 3390}, {"w": "天使", "rd": "てんし", "mn": "angel", "fr": 3419}, {"w": "天国", "rd": "てんごく", "mn": "paradise; heaven; Kingdom of Heaven", "fr": 3963}, {"w": "天然", "rd": "てんねん", "mn": "nature; spontaneity", "fr": 5284}, {"w": "天下", "rd": "てんか", "mn": "the whole world", "fr": 6566}, {"w": "天辺", "rd": "てっぺん", "mn": "top; summit; apex; peak", "fr": 8054}, {"w": "お天気", "rd": "おてんき", "mn": "weather", "fr": 11045}, {"w": "天候", "rd": "てんこう", "mn": "weather", "fr": 11627}, {"w": "天地", "rd": "てんち", "mn": "heaven and earth; the universe; the world; nature", "fr": 12266}, {"w": "天気予報", "rd": "てんきよほう", "mn": "weather forecast; weather report", "fr": 14109}, {"w": "天ぷら", "rd": "てんぷら", "mn": "tempura", "fr": 16259}, {"w": "天性", "rd": "てんせい", "mn": "nature; natural constitution; innate disposition", "fr": 17827}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 849, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "火", "g": 1, "o": 61, "f": 574, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "ひ、-び、ほ-", "m": "fire", "pm": "fire", "r": [{"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "", "hk": "fire", "hs": "Just as sitting before a <b>fire</b> enlivens the imagination and lets you see almost anything you want to in the flames, this kanji is so simple it lets you see almost any sort of <b>fire</b> you want to see. It no longer makes a good pictograph, but I invite you to take a pencil and paper and play with the form - first writing it as shown below and then adding lines here and there - to see what you can come up with. Everything from matchbooks to cigarette lighters to volcanic eruptions to the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah have been found here. No doubt you, too, will find something interesting to bend your memory around these four simple strokes.", "ks": "A tepee getting shot at by fire arrows.", "v": [{"w": "火", "rd": "ひ", "mn": "fire; flame; blaze", "fr": 1310}, {"w": "花火", "rd": "はなび", "mn": "fireworks", "fr": 4131}, {"w": "火事", "rd": "かじ", "mn": "fire; conflagration", "fr": 5626}, {"w": "火傷", "rd": "やけど", "mn": "burn; scald", "fr": 8040}, {"w": "火花", "rd": "ひばな", "mn": "spark", "fr": 9310}, {"w": "火力", "rd": "かりょく", "mn": "heating power; thermal power", "fr": 12116}, {"w": "火薬", "rd": "かやく", "mn": "gunpowder; powder", "fr": 12586}, {"w": "火種", "rd": "ひだね", "mn": "live coals (for firelighting)", "fr": 12878}, {"w": "火災", "rd": "かさい", "mn": "conflagration; fire", "fr": 13155}, {"w": "火山", "rd": "かざん", "mn": "volcano", "fr": 17438}, {"w": "放火", "rd": "ほうか", "mn": "arson; setting fire", "fr": 17674}, {"w": "花火大会", "rd": "はなびたいかい", "mn": "fireworks display; display of fireworks", "fr": 17901}, {"w": "火曜日", "rd": "かようび", "mn": "Tuesday", "fr": 18167}, {"w": "消火", "rd": "しょうか", "mn": "extinguishing a fire; fire fighting", "fr": 19980}, {"w": "点火", "rd": "てんか", "mn": "ignition; lighting; firing; setting off", "fr": 20027}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1153, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "花", "g": 1, "o": 62, "f": 578, "j": null, "on": "カ、ケ", "kun": "はな", "m": "flower", "pm": "flower", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "化", "nj": "カ", "ne": "change"}], "hc": "flowers; change; person; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "flower", "hs": "Flower . . . change.", "ks": "The <b>flower</b> s <i>change</i> with the seasons.", "v": [{"w": "花", "rd": "はな", "mn": "flower; blossom; bloom; petal", "fr": 986}, {"w": "花火", "rd": "はなび", "mn": "fireworks", "fr": 4131}, {"w": "花びら", "rd": "はなびら", "mn": "petal", "fr": 9250}, {"w": "火花", "rd": "ひばな", "mn": "spark", "fr": 9310}, {"w": "花嫁", "rd": "はなよめ", "mn": "bride", "fr": 10273}, {"w": "花束", "rd": "はなたば", "mn": "bunch of flowers; bouquet", "fr": 10761}, {"w": "開花", "rd": "かいか", "mn": "flowering; blooming; blossoming; coming into bloom", "fr": 14474}, {"w": "花瓶", "rd": "かびん", "mn": "(flower) vase", "fr": 14630}, {"w": "花壇", "rd": "かだん", "mn": "flower bed", "fr": 14802}, {"w": "花見", "rd": "はなみ", "mn": "cherry blossom viewing; flower viewing", "fr": 16543}, {"w": "花屋", "rd": "はなや", "mn": "florist; flower shop", "fr": 16631}, {"w": "花弁", "rd": "はなびら", "mn": "petal", "fr": 17533}, {"w": "花火大会", "rd": "はなびたいかい", "mn": "fireworks display; display of fireworks", "fr": 17901}, {"w": "花園", "rd": "はなぞの", "mn": "flower garden", "fr": 20043}, {"w": "草花", "rd": "くさばな", "mn": "flower; flowering plant", "fr": 23247}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 1168, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "赤", "g": 1, "o": 63, "f": 584, "j": null, "on": "セキ、シャク", "kun": "あか、あか-、あか.い、あか.らむ、あか.らめる", "m": "red", "pm": "red", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; sword; dagger; small", "hk": "red", "hs": "<i>Ground</i> . . . <i>dagger</i> . . . <i>little</i>. The two strokes of the <i>dagger</i> take the place of the middle stroke of <i>little</i>.", "ks": "He was stabbed with a <i>dagger</i> , and <i>little</i> drops of <b>red</b> blood dropped onto the <i>ground</i>.", "v": [{"w": "赤い", "rd": "あかい", "mn": "red; crimson; scarlet; vermilion", "fr": 1059}, {"w": "赤", "rd": "あか", "mn": "red; crimson; scarlet", "fr": 1333}, {"w": "赤ちゃん", "rd": "あかちゃん", "mn": "baby; infant", "fr": 3240}, {"w": "赤ん坊", "rd": "あかんぼう", "mn": "baby; infant", "fr": 5020}, {"w": "真っ赤", "rd": "まっか", "mn": "bright red; deep red; flushed (of face)", "fr": 7841}, {"w": "赤面", "rd": "せきめん", "mn": "blushing; getting red in the face", "fr": 11276}, {"w": "赤色", "rd": "あかいろ", "mn": "red; red color", "fr": 14194}, {"w": "赤字", "rd": "あかじ", "mn": "(being in) the red; deficit", "fr": 15217}, {"w": "赤道", "rd": "せきどう", "mn": "equator", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "赤信号", "rd": "あかしんごう", "mn": "red light (traffic)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "赤外線", "rd": "せきがいせん", "mn": "infrared rays; infrared radiation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "赤旗", "rd": "あかはた", "mn": "red flag", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "赤松", "rd": "あかまつ", "mn": "Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora); Japanese umbrella pine; tanyosho pine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "赤痢", "rd": "せきり", "mn": "dysentery", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "赤軍", "rd": "せきぐん", "mn": "Red Army (Soviet Union, 1918-1946); Workers' and Peasants' Red Army", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 783, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "青", "g": 1, "o": 64, "f": 589, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ショウ", "kun": "あお、あお-、あお.い", "m": "blue; green", "pm": "blue", "r": [{"c": "龶", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "grow up; moon; flesh", "hk": "blue", "hs": "Grow up . . . moon.", "ks": "Blue = Smurfs, whose bodies never grow up.", "v": [{"w": "青い", "rd": "あおい", "mn": "blue; azure", "fr": 2049}, {"w": "青", "rd": "あお", "mn": "blue; azure", "fr": 2326}, {"w": "青春", "rd": "せいしゅん", "mn": "youth; adolescence; springtime of life", "fr": 3909}, {"w": "青年", "rd": "せいねん", "mn": "youth; young man", "fr": 4490}, {"w": "青空", "rd": "あおぞら", "mn": "blue sky", "fr": 7073}, {"w": "青ざめる", "rd": "あおざめる", "mn": "to become pale; to turn pale", "fr": 8628}, {"w": "青白い", "rd": "あおじろい", "mn": "pale; pallid", "fr": 9730}, {"w": "青色", "rd": "あおいろ", "mn": "blue", "fr": 15470}, {"w": "青山", "rd": "せいざん", "mn": "lush mountain; green mountain", "fr": 21546}, {"w": "真っ青", "rd": "まっさお", "mn": "deep blue; bright blue", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "青少年", "rd": "せいしょうねん", "mn": "young people; youth; the younger generation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "緑青", "rd": "ろくしょう", "mn": "verdigris; green rust; copper rust", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "青写真", "rd": "あおじゃしん", "mn": "blueprint; cyanotype", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "青年団", "rd": "せいねんだん", "mn": "young persons' association", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "青木", "rd": "あおき", "mn": "Japanese laurel (Aucuba japonica); spotted laurel", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 523, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "竹", "g": 1, "o": 65, "f": 593, "j": null, "on": "チク", "kun": "たけ", "m": "bamboo", "pm": "bamboo", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}], "hc": "", "hk": "bamboo", "hs": "<b>Bamboo</b> grows upwards, like a straight <i>nail</i> , and at each stage of its growth (which legend associates with the arrival of the new moon) there is a jointed rootstock (the first stroke). Two such <b>bamboo</b> stalks are pictured here.", "ks": "Two reclining victims impaled by bamboo spikes.", "v": [{"w": "竹", "rd": "たけ", "mn": "bamboo (any grass of subfamily Bambusoideae)", "fr": 11432}, {"w": "爆竹", "rd": "ばくちく", "mn": "firecracker", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "竹刀", "rd": "しない", "mn": "bamboo sword (for kendo); bamboo fencing stick", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "竹林", "rd": "ちくりん", "mn": "bamboo thicket; bamboo grove", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 69, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "右", "g": 1, "o": 66, "f": 602, "j": null, "on": "ウ、ユウ", "kun": "みぎ", "m": "right", "pm": "right", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "by one’s side; mouth", "hk": "right", "hs": "When thinking of the key word <b>right</b> , in order to avoid confusion with the previous frame, take advantage of the double meaning here, too. Imagine a little <i>mouth</i> hanging down by your <i>side</i>  \\- like a little voice of conscience - telling you the <b>right</b> thing to do. Here the second stroke should reach out to the <b>right</b> and be drawn slightly longer than the first.", "ks": "The right side of my brain is for speaking.", "v": [{"w": "右", "rd": "みぎ", "mn": "right; right-hand side", "fr": 1314}, {"w": "左右", "rd": "さゆう", "mn": "left and right; right and left", "fr": 2470}, {"w": "右手", "rd": "みぎて", "mn": "right hand", "fr": 2482}, {"w": "右腕", "rd": "みぎうで", "mn": "right arm", "fr": 5294}, {"w": "右側", "rd": "みぎがわ", "mn": "right side; right-hand side", "fr": 7425}, {"w": "右足", "rd": "みぎあし", "mn": "right foot", "fr": 8492}, {"w": "右往左往", "rd": "うおうさおう", "mn": "moving about in confusion; going every which way; going this way and that", "fr": 16572}, {"w": "右派", "rd": "うは", "mn": "right wing", "fr": 16728}, {"w": "右上", "rd": "みぎうえ", "mn": "upper right", "fr": 24391}, {"w": "右クリック", "rd": "みぎクリック", "mn": "right-click", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "右下", "rd": "みぎした", "mn": "lower right", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "右中間", "rd": "うちゅうかん", "mn": "between right and center fielders (centre)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "右折", "rd": "うせつ", "mn": "turning to the right; right turn", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "右方", "rd": "うほう", "mn": "right side", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "右翼", "rd": "うよく", "mn": "right wing", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 381, "rp": 16, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "森", "g": 1, "o": 67, "f": 609, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "もり", "m": "forest; woods", "pm": "forest", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "林", "nj": "リン", "ne": "grove"}], "hc": "tree; wood", "hk": "forest", "hs": "A <b>forest</b> is a large expanse of <i>trees</i> , or \" <i>trees</i> , <i>trees</i> everywhere, \" to adopt the expression we used back in frames 22 and 23.", "ks": "Many Trees make a forest.", "v": [{"w": "森", "rd": "もり", "mn": "forest", "fr": 1866}, {"w": "森林", "rd": "しんりん", "mn": "forest; woods", "fr": 20615}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 1188, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "左", "g": 1, "o": 68, "f": 630, "j": null, "on": "サ、シャ", "kun": "ひだり", "m": "left", "pm": "left", "r": [{"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}], "hc": "by one’s side; craft", "hk": "left", "hs": "By combining the primitive and the kanji of the last two frames and reading the results, we get: <i>by one's side</i> . . . <i>craft</i>. Conveniently, the <b>left</b> has traditionally been considered the  \"sinister\" <i>side</i> , where dark and occult <i>crafts</i> are cultivated. Note how the second stroke droops over to the <b>left</b> and is longer than the first.", "ks": "The left side of my brain, is for crafts.", "v": [{"w": "左", "rd": "ひだり", "mn": "left; left-hand side", "fr": 1476}, {"w": "左右", "rd": "さゆう", "mn": "left and right; right and left", "fr": 2470}, {"w": "左手", "rd": "ひだりて", "mn": "left hand", "fr": 2966}, {"w": "左腕", "rd": "ひだりうで", "mn": "left arm", "fr": 7830}, {"w": "左側", "rd": "ひだりがわ", "mn": "left side; left-hand side", "fr": 8368}, {"w": "左足", "rd": "ひだりあし", "mn": "left foot", "fr": 11082}, {"w": "右往左往", "rd": "うおうさおう", "mn": "moving about in confusion; going every which way; going this way and that", "fr": 16572}, {"w": "左利き", "rd": "ひだりきき", "mn": "left-handedness; left-handed person; left-hander", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "向かって左", "rd": "むかってひだり", "mn": "on the left as one faces (it)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "左上", "rd": "ひだりうえ", "mn": "upper left", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "左前", "rd": "ひだりまえ", "mn": "wearing a kimono with the right side over the left (normally used only for the d", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "左折", "rd": "させつ", "mn": "turning to the left; left turn", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "左派", "rd": "さは", "mn": "left wing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "左翼", "rd": "さよく", "mn": "left wing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "左記", "rd": "さき", "mn": "undermentioned (statement); the following; at left", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 841, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "休", "g": 1, "o": 69, "f": 642, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "やす.む、やす.まる、やす.める", "m": "rest; day off; retire; sleep", "pm": "rest", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "person; tree; wood", "hk": "rest", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>tree</i>. Be sure not to confuse with <i>relax</i> (Frame 202).", "ks": "<i>Mr T</i> <b>rest</b> ing by a <i>tree</i>.", "v": [{"w": "休む", "rd": "やすむ", "mn": "to be absent; to take a day off", "fr": 652}, {"w": "休み", "rd": "やすみ", "mn": "rest; recess; respite", "fr": 1716}, {"w": "休憩", "rd": "きゅうけい", "mn": "rest; break; recess; intermission", "fr": 1948}, {"w": "お休み", "rd": "おやすみ", "mn": "holiday; day off; absence", "fr": 2461}, {"w": "休める", "rd": "やすめる", "mn": "to rest; to suspend; to give relief", "fr": 3090}, {"w": "夏休み", "rd": "なつやすみ", "mn": "summer vacation; summer holiday", "fr": 3515}, {"w": "休日", "rd": "きゅうじつ", "mn": "holiday; day off", "fr": 4078}, {"w": "昼休み", "rd": "ひるやすみ", "mn": "lunch break; noon recess; noon rest period", "fr": 4688}, {"w": "休暇", "rd": "きゅうか", "mn": "holiday; vacation; day off; time off; leave; furlough", "fr": 7993}, {"w": "休息", "rd": "きゅうそく", "mn": "rest; relief; relaxation", "fr": 8880}, {"w": "休まる", "rd": "やすまる", "mn": "to be rested; to feel at ease; to repose; to be relieved", "fr": 10395}, {"w": "休憩時間", "rd": "きゅうけいじかん", "mn": "rest period; intermission; break time; recess", "fr": 12420}, {"w": "冬休み", "rd": "ふゆやすみ", "mn": "winter vacation; winter holidays", "fr": 15649}, {"w": "春休み", "rd": "はるやすみ", "mn": "spring break; spring vacation", "fr": 16487}, {"w": "一休み", "rd": "ひとやすみ", "mn": "(short) rest; breather; break", "fr": 16727}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 212, "rp": 24, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "林", "g": 1, "o": 70, "f": 656, "j": null, "on": "リン", "kun": "はやし", "m": "grove; forest", "pm": "grove", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "tree; wood", "hk": "grove", "hs": "Learn this frame in connection with the next one. A <b>grove</b> is a small cluster of <i>trees</i>. Hence the simple reduplication of the kanji for <i>tree</i> gives us the <b>grove</b>.", "ks": "A <b>grove</b> has at least two TREEs.", "v": [{"w": "林", "rd": "はやし", "mn": "wood; woods; forest; grove; copse; thicket", "fr": 6257}, {"w": "森林", "rd": "しんりん", "mn": "forest; woods", "fr": 20615}, {"w": "林檎", "rd": "りんご", "mn": "apple (fruit)", "fr": 24631}, {"w": "山林", "rd": "さんりん", "mn": "mountain forest; forest on a mountain; forest land; woodland", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "林業", "rd": "りんぎょう", "mn": "forestry", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "密林", "rd": "みつりん", "mn": "close thicket; dense forest; jungle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "松林", "rd": "まつばやし", "mn": "pine forest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "林学", "rd": "りんがく", "mn": "forestry; silviculture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "林立", "rd": "りんりつ", "mn": "standing close together; bristling (with)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "林道", "rd": "りんどう", "mn": "path through forest; woodland path", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "林野", "rd": "りんや", "mn": "forests and fields", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "林野庁", "rd": "りんやちょう", "mn": "Forestry Agency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "植林", "rd": "しょくりん", "mn": "afforestation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "竹林", "rd": "ちくりん", "mn": "bamboo thicket; bamboo grove", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "農林", "rd": "のうりん", "mn": "agriculture and forestry", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 524, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "王", "g": 1, "o": 71, "f": 684, "j": null, "on": "オウ、-ノウ", "kun": "", "m": "king; rule; magnate", "pm": "king", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}], "hc": "jewel; ball", "hk": "king", "hs": "See what you can do to come up with a pictograph of a <b>king's</b> scepter here that suits your own idea of what it should look like. You might even begin with the basic element for <i>I beam</i> and then try to fit the remaining third stroke in.", "ks": "To be <b>king</b> you have to be a real <i>crafty one</i> !", "v": [{"w": "王", "rd": "おう", "mn": "king; ruler; sovereign; monarch", "fr": 2385}, {"w": "女王", "rd": "じょおう", "mn": "queen", "fr": 5353}, {"w": "王子", "rd": "おうじ", "mn": "prince", "fr": 6047}, {"w": "王様", "rd": "おうさま", "mn": "king", "fr": 6564}, {"w": "王国", "rd": "おうこく", "mn": "kingdom; monarchy", "fr": 6689}, {"w": "王族", "rd": "おうぞく", "mn": "royalty; royal family", "fr": 12662}, {"w": "王女", "rd": "おうじょ", "mn": "princess", "fr": 12693}, {"w": "国王", "rd": "こくおう", "mn": "king; queen; monarch; sovereign", "fr": 13068}, {"w": "王者", "rd": "おうじゃ", "mn": "king; monarch; ruler", "fr": 14907}, {"w": "王宮", "rd": "おうきゅう", "mn": "royal palace", "fr": 17867}, {"w": "王妃", "rd": "おうひ", "mn": "queen (consort); empress (consort)", "fr": 22004}, {"w": "王冠", "rd": "おうかん", "mn": "crown; diadem", "fr": 23653}, {"w": "仁王", "rd": "におう", "mn": "two Deva kings", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "天王星", "rd": "てんのうせい", "mn": "Uranus (planet)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "法王", "rd": "ほうおう", "mn": "Pope", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "玉", "g": 1, "o": 72, "f": 737, "j": null, "on": "ギョク", "kun": "たま、たま-、-だま", "m": "jewel; ball", "pm": "jewel", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "king; ball; earring; drop", "hk": "jewel", "hs": "Note the <i>drop</i> here in the king's <i>scepter</i> , which is exactly what you would expect it to be: a precious <b>jewel</b> handed down from of old as a symbol of his wealth and power.", "ks": "The king is said to have only one family <b>jewel</b> below the belt…", "v": [{"w": "玉", "rd": "たま", "mn": "ball; sphere; globe; orb", "fr": 3667}, {"w": "目玉", "rd": "めだま", "mn": "eyeball", "fr": 7111}, {"w": "玉砕", "rd": "ぎょくさい", "mn": "honorable death; death without surrender; honorable defeat", "fr": 18360}, {"w": "お年玉", "rd": "おとしだま", "mn": "New Year's gift (usu. money given to a child by relatives and visitors)", "fr": 21762}, {"w": "玉ねぎ", "rd": "たまねぎ", "mn": "onion (Allium cepa)", "fr": 23538}, {"w": "埼玉", "rd": "さいたま", "mn": "Saitama (city, prefecture)", "fr": 24545}, {"w": "シャボン玉", "rd": "シャボンだま", "mn": "soap bubble", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "ビー玉", "rd": "ビーだま", "mn": "marble; glass marble", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "替え玉", "rd": "かえだま", "mn": "stand-in; proxy; substitute; double; ringer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "水玉", "rd": "みずたま", "mn": "drop of water", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "玉虫色", "rd": "たまむしいろ", "mn": "iridescent colour", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "珠玉", "rd": "しゅぎょく", "mn": "jewel; gem", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "目玉商品", "rd": "めだましょうひん", "mn": "bargain goods; loss leader", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 89, "rp": 4, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "夕", "g": 1, "o": 73, "f": 924, "j": null, "on": "セキ", "kun": "ゆう", "m": "evening", "pm": "evening", "r": [{"c": "夕", "nj": "ゆうべ", "ne": "evening"}], "hc": "", "hk": "evening", "hs": "Just as the word <b>evening</b> adds a touch of formality or romanticism to the ordinary word  \"night,\" so the kanji for <b>evening</b> takes the ordinary looking <i>moon</i> in the night sky and has a cloud pass over it (as we saw in the last frame).", "ks": "The <b>evening</b> is young, the <i>moon</i> is not full.", "v": [{"w": "夕方", "rd": "ゆうがた", "mn": "early evening (usu. from 3pm to 6pm); dusk", "fr": 2151}, {"w": "夕食", "rd": "ゆうしょく", "mn": "evening meal; dinner", "fr": 3297}, {"w": "夕飯", "rd": "ゆうはん", "mn": "evening meal; dinner; supper", "fr": 3516}, {"w": "夕日", "rd": "ゆうひ", "mn": "evening sun; setting sun", "fr": 7079}, {"w": "夕暮れ", "rd": "ゆうぐれ", "mn": "evening; dusk; twilight", "fr": 9234}, {"w": "夕焼け", "rd": "ゆうやけ", "mn": "evening glow; red sunset; afterglow (of sunset)", "fr": 10453}, {"w": "夕", "rd": "ゆう", "mn": "evening", "fr": 16249}, {"w": "夕刻", "rd": "ゆうこく", "mn": "evening; evening hour", "fr": 19281}, {"w": "夕刊", "rd": "ゆうかん", "mn": "evening edition (of a daily newspaper); evening paper", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "夕立", "rd": "ゆうだち", "mn": "(sudden, heavy) shower (on a summer afternoon or evening); evening shower", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "七夕", "rd": "たなばた", "mn": "Star Festival (held in July or August); Tanabata; Festival of the Weaver", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "夕霧", "rd": "ゆうぎり", "mn": "evening mist", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "朝夕", "rd": "あさゆう", "mn": "morning and evening", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 127, "rp": 61, "l": 11, "n": ""}}, {"k": "雨", "g": 1, "o": 74, "f": 950, "j": null, "on": "ウ", "kun": "あめ、あま-、-さめ", "m": "rain", "pm": "rain", "r": [{"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}], "hc": "weather", "hk": "rain", "hs": "This kanji, also a primitive, is one of the clearest instances we have of a complex pictograph. The top line is the sky, the next 3 strokes a pair of clouds, and the final 4 dots the <b>rain</b> collected there and waiting to fall.", "ks": "From the <i>ceiling</i> hangs a <i>towel</i> dripping four <i>drops</i> like <b>RAIN</b>.", "v": [{"w": "雨", "rd": "あめ", "mn": "rain", "fr": 1177}, {"w": "雨が降る", "rd": "あめがふる", "mn": "to rain", "fr": 5920}, {"w": "大雨", "rd": "おおあめ", "mn": "heavy rain; torrential rainfall; downpour", "fr": 14989}, {"w": "風雨", "rd": "ふうう", "mn": "wind and rain", "fr": 17907}, {"w": "雨宿り", "rd": "あまやどり", "mn": "taking shelter from rain", "fr": 18972}, {"w": "梅雨", "rd": "つゆ", "mn": "(East Asian) rainy season (in Japan, usu. from early June to mid-July)", "fr": 19469}, {"w": "豪雨", "rd": "ごうう", "mn": "torrential rain; heavy rain; cloudburst; downpour", "fr": 22726}, {"w": "雨雲", "rd": "あまぐも", "mn": "rain cloud", "fr": 23623}, {"w": "雨具", "rd": "あまぐ", "mn": "rain gear", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "雨天", "rd": "うてん", "mn": "rainy weather", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "雨戸", "rd": "あまど", "mn": "sliding storm shutter", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "小雨", "rd": "こさめ", "mn": "light rain; drizzle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "時雨", "rd": "しぐれ", "mn": "rain shower in late autumn (fall) or early winter", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暴風雨", "rd": "ぼうふうう", "mn": "rainstorm; storm", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "梅雨入り", "rd": "つゆいり", "mn": "entering the rainy season; beginning of the rainy season", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1038, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "草", "g": 1, "o": 75, "f": 967, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "くさ、くさ-、-ぐさ", "m": "grass; weeds; herbs; pasture; write; draft", "pm": "grass", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "早", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "early"}], "hc": "flowers; sunflower; early; sun; day; ten; needle", "hk": "grass", "hs": "Perhaps you know the custom of seeding <b>grass</b> randomly or in some particular pattern with the <i>flower</i> called the crocus, which blooms for a few days each year in <i>early</i> spring. As the <b>grass</b> begins to turn green again after winter has passed, these tiny <i>flowers</i> dot up here and there. Now just look out your window at a patch of <b>grass</b> somewhere and think what a nice idea it would be to have your name spelled out in <i>flowers</i> once as a sort of <i>early</i> harbinger of spring.", "ks": "<b>Grass</b> grows in <i>earlier</i> than <i>flowers</i>.", "v": [{"w": "草", "rd": "くさ", "mn": "grass; weed; herb; thatch", "fr": 3931}, {"w": "仕草", "rd": "しぐさ", "mn": "gesture; movement; action; behavior; behaviour; bearing; mannerism", "fr": 5254}, {"w": "雑草", "rd": "ざっそう", "mn": "weed", "fr": 11799}, {"w": "草原", "rd": "そうげん", "mn": "grassy field; grassland; meadow", "fr": 13182}, {"w": "草木", "rd": "くさき", "mn": "plants; vegetation", "fr": 13881}, {"w": "煙草", "rd": "たばこ", "mn": "tobacco; cigarette; cigar", "fr": 14075}, {"w": "草花", "rd": "くさばな", "mn": "flower; flowering plant", "fr": 23247}, {"w": "草履", "rd": "ぞうり", "mn": "zori", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "ほうれん草", "rd": "ほうれんそう", "mn": "spinach (Spinacia oleracea)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "牧草", "rd": "ぼくそう", "mn": "pasture; grass", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "芝草", "rd": "しばくさ", "mn": "lawn; sod; turf", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "草の根", "rd": "くさのね", "mn": "roots of grass", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "草分け", "rd": "くさわけ", "mn": "pathfinder; trailblazer; early settler", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "草刈り", "rd": "くさかり", "mn": "mowing; mower", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "草書", "rd": "そうしょ", "mn": "highly cursive style (of writing Chinese characters); grass style", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 514, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "犬", "g": 1, "o": 76, "f": 1326, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "いぬ、いぬ-", "m": "dog", "pm": "dog", "r": [{"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}, {"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "large; St. Bernard; drop", "hk": "dog", "hs": "We know that the character for <i>large</i> takes on the meaning of the <i>St. Bernard</i> <b>dog</b> when used as a primitive. In this frame we finally see why. The <i>drop</i> added as a fourth and final stroke means that we have to do with a normal-sized <b>dog</b> , which compared to the <i>St. Bernard</i> is no more than a <i>drop</i> in the kennel.", "ks": "A large <b>dog</b> , dripping drool.", "v": [{"w": "犬", "rd": "いぬ", "mn": "dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris); canine", "fr": 1293}, {"w": "子犬", "rd": "こいぬ", "mn": "puppy", "fr": 8491}, {"w": "負け犬", "rd": "まけいぬ", "mn": "loser; failure; underdog; unsuccessful person; non-achiever", "fr": 11429}, {"w": "飼い犬", "rd": "かいいぬ", "mn": "pet dog", "fr": 17824}, {"w": "番犬", "rd": "ばんけん", "mn": "watchdog; guard dog", "fr": 21949}, {"w": "愛犬", "rd": "あいけん", "mn": "pet dog; beloved dog", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "犬猿の仲", "rd": "けんえんのなか", "mn": "like cats and dogs; (on) very bad terms", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "猟犬", "rd": "りょうけん", "mn": "hound; hunting dog; gun dog", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盲導犬", "rd": "もうどうけん", "mn": "guide dog; seeing-eye dog", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "野犬", "rd": "やけん", "mn": "stray dog; ownerless dog", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 2156, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "耳", "g": 1, "o": 77, "f": 1328, "j": null, "on": "ジ", "kun": "みみ", "m": "ear", "pm": "ear", "r": [{"c": "耳", "nj": "みみ", "ne": "ear"}], "hc": "", "hk": "ear", "hs": "The pictograph for the <b>ear</b> looks much like that for <i>eye</i> , but note how the stroke order gives it a different look.", "ks": "Your <b>ear</b> is like the eye on the side of your head for seeing things, but there is hair around it that creates jagged lines.", "v": [{"w": "耳", "rd": "みみ", "mn": "ear", "fr": 1092}, {"w": "耳元", "rd": "みみもと", "mn": "close to the ear", "fr": 5238}, {"w": "耳障り", "rd": "みみざわり", "mn": "hard (on the ears); offensive (to the ear); rasping; rough; harsh; grating; jarr", "fr": 13090}, {"w": "耳鼻科", "rd": "じびか", "mn": "otolaryngology; ear, nose, and throat department", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "中耳", "rd": "ちゅうじ", "mn": "middle ear; tympanum", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "中耳炎", "rd": "ちゅうじえん", "mn": "otitis media; middle-ear infection", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "耳より", "rd": "みみより", "mn": "welcome (news); inviting; encouraging; tempting; hopeful", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "耳目", "rd": "じもく", "mn": "eyes and ears; seeing and hearing", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 240, "rp": 19, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "虫", "g": 1, "o": 78, "f": 1351, "j": null, "on": "チュウ、キ", "kun": "むし", "m": "insect; bug; temper", "pm": "insect", "r": [{"c": "中", "nj": "チュウ", "ne": "in"}], "hc": "in; stick; mouth", "hk": "insect", "hs": "Work with the pictograph as you wish.", "ks": "Insect in one drop of amber. Think Jurassic Park.", "v": [{"w": "虫", "rd": "むし", "mn": "insect; bug; cricket; moth", "fr": 2261}, {"w": "弱虫", "rd": "よわむし", "mn": "coward; weakling; scaredy cat; wimp; sissy", "fr": 14366}, {"w": "昆虫", "rd": "こんちゅう", "mn": "insect; bug", "fr": 14436}, {"w": "害虫", "rd": "がいちゅう", "mn": "harmful insect; noxious insect; pest; vermin", "fr": 21853}, {"w": "虫歯", "rd": "むしば", "mn": "tooth decay; decayed tooth; dental cavity; dental caries", "fr": 23167}, {"w": "寄生虫", "rd": "きせいちゅう", "mn": "parasite", "fr": 24959}, {"w": "幼虫", "rd": "ようちゅう", "mn": "larva; grub; maggot", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "殺虫剤", "rd": "さっちゅうざい", "mn": "insecticide; pesticide", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "毛虫", "rd": "けむし", "mn": "hairy caterpillar; woolly bear", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "爬虫類", "rd": "はちゅうるい", "mn": "reptiles", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "玉虫色", "rd": "たまむしいろ", "mn": "iridescent colour", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "虫除け", "rd": "むしよけ", "mn": "insecticide; insect repellent", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 93, "rp": 4, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "糸", "g": 1, "o": 79, "f": 1488, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "いと", "m": "thread", "pm": "thread", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}], "hc": "spiderman", "hk": "thread", "hs": "Remember when your granny used to ask you to bend your arms at the <i>elbows</i> and hold them out so that she could use them like a rack to hold a skein of string or yarn (here <b>thread</b> ) while she rolled it up into a <i>little</i> ball? Now can you see the two <i>elbows</i> (with the second stroke doubling up) at the top, and the character for <i>little</i> below?", "ks": "You'll be seeing this one a lot. Seriously.", "v": [{"w": "糸", "rd": "いと", "mn": "thread; yarn; string", "fr": 2909}, {"w": "糸口", "rd": "いとぐち", "mn": "beginning; start; first step", "fr": 14681}, {"w": "毛糸", "rd": "けいと", "mn": "knitting wool; woolen yarn; woollen yarn", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "生糸", "rd": "きいと", "mn": "raw silk thread", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "絹糸", "rd": "きぬいと", "mn": "silk thread; silk yarn", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蚕糸", "rd": "さんし", "mn": "silk thread; silk yarn", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 233, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "貝", "g": 1, "o": 80, "f": 1787, "j": null, "on": "バイ", "kun": "かい", "m": "shellfish", "pm": "shellfish", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}], "hc": "clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "shellfish", "hs": "To remember the primitive elements that make up this kanji, an <i>eye</i> and <i>animal legs</i> , you might be tempted to think of it as a pictograph of a <b>shellfish</b> with its ridged shell at the top and two little <i>legs</i> sticking out of the bottom. But that might not help you recall later just how many ridges to put on the shell. Better to imagine a freakish <b>shellfish</b> with a single, gigantic <i>eye</i> roaming the beaches on its slender little <i>legs</i> , scaring the wits out of the sunbathers.", "ks": "<i>Eye</i> thought I saw a <b>shellfish</b> <i>legging</i> it down the beach!", "v": [{"w": "貝", "rd": "かい", "mn": "shellfish", "fr": 11711}, {"w": "貝殻", "rd": "かいがら", "mn": "seashell; shell", "fr": 21772}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 10, "rp": 20, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "国", "g": 2, "o": 81, "f": 3, "j": null, "on": "コク", "kun": "くに", "m": "country", "pm": "country", "r": [{"c": "囗", "nj": "くにがまえ", "ne": "border"}, {"c": "玉", "nj": "たま", "ne": "jewelry"}], "hc": "pent in; king; jewel; ball; earring; drop", "hk": "country", "hs": "Jewels . . . pent in.", "ks": "Just think of Japan, a country which is like a jewel but historically very enclosed.", "v": [{"w": "国", "rd": "くに", "mn": "country; state", "fr": 869}, {"w": "全国", "rd": "ぜんこく", "mn": "the whole country", "fr": 3452}, {"w": "天国", "rd": "てんごく", "mn": "paradise; heaven; Kingdom of Heaven", "fr": 3963}, {"w": "外国", "rd": "がいこく", "mn": "foreign country", "fr": 5002}, {"w": "国内", "rd": "こくない", "mn": "within the country; inside the county; domestic; home; internal", "fr": 5714}, {"w": "国家", "rd": "こっか", "mn": "state; country; nation", "fr": 5991}, {"w": "国民", "rd": "こくみん", "mn": "people (of a country); nation; citizen; national", "fr": 6007}, {"w": "王国", "rd": "おうこく", "mn": "kingdom; monarchy", "fr": 6689}, {"w": "中国", "rd": "ちゅうごく", "mn": "China", "fr": 6756}, {"w": "帰国", "rd": "きこく", "mn": "return to one's country", "fr": 7929}, {"w": "外国人", "rd": "がいこくじん", "mn": "foreigner; foreign citizen; foreign national; alien; non-Japanese", "fr": 8263}, {"w": "帝国", "rd": "ていこく", "mn": "empire", "fr": 9252}, {"w": "異国", "rd": "いこく", "mn": "foreign country", "fr": 10714}, {"w": "我が国", "rd": "わがくに", "mn": "our country; our land; one's own country", "fr": 10741}, {"w": "国際", "rd": "こくさい", "mn": "international", "fr": 11218}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 911, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "会", "g": 2, "o": 82, "f": 4, "j": null, "on": "カイ、エ", "kun": "あ.う、あ.わせる、あつ.まる", "m": "meeting; meet; party; association; interview; join", "pm": "meeting", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "云", "nj": "ウン", "ne": "say"}], "hc": "one; wall; umbrella; rising cloud; two; elbow; wall", "hk": "meeting", "hs": "<i>Meeting</i> . . . <i>wall</i>. This is the full character for <b>meeting</b> , from which the abbreviated primitive that we met back in lesson 12 gets its name.", "ks": "Easy: (secret) meeting s are held between 4 walls.", "v": [{"w": "会う", "rd": "あう", "mn": "to meet; to encounter; to see", "fr": 144}, {"w": "出会う", "rd": "であう", "mn": "to meet (by chance); to come across; to run across; to encounter; to happen upon", "fr": 701}, {"w": "機会", "rd": "きかい", "mn": "chance; opportunity; occasion", "fr": 1153}, {"w": "会社", "rd": "かいしゃ", "mn": "company; corporation; firm", "fr": 1199}, {"w": "会話", "rd": "かいわ", "mn": "conversation; talk; chat", "fr": 1277}, {"w": "会", "rd": "かい", "mn": "meeting; assembly; party; gathering; conference; athletic meet", "fr": 1846}, {"w": "出会い", "rd": "であい", "mn": "meeting; rendezvous; encounter", "fr": 2123}, {"w": "再会", "rd": "さいかい", "mn": "meeting again; reunion", "fr": 2364}, {"w": "社会", "rd": "しゃかい", "mn": "society; public; community; the world", "fr": 2405}, {"w": "会議", "rd": "かいぎ", "mn": "meeting; conference; session; assembly; council; convention; congress", "fr": 2481}, {"w": "会場", "rd": "かいじょう", "mn": "assembly hall; meeting place; venue; site; grounds", "fr": 2760}, {"w": "大会", "rd": "たいかい", "mn": "mass meeting; convention; rally; conference; assembly; gathering", "fr": 2915}, {"w": "会長", "rd": "かいちょう", "mn": "president (of a society); chairman", "fr": 4382}, {"w": "教会", "rd": "きょうかい", "mn": "church; congregation", "fr": 6206}, {"w": "都会", "rd": "とかい", "mn": "city", "fr": 6465}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1172, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "長", "g": 2, "o": 83, "f": 12, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "なが.い、おさ", "m": "long; leader; superior; senior", "pm": "long", "r": [{"c": "長", "nj": "ながい", "ne": "long"}], "hc": "hair; hairpin; safety-pin", "hk": "long", "hs": "In line with the story of the preceding frame, the <i>hair</i> that needs the <i>hairpin</i> is <b>long</b>.", "ks": "The Geisha with <b>long</b> <i>hair</i> uses an ornate lacquered <i>hairpin</i> to bundle it all up.", "v": [{"w": "長い", "rd": "ながい", "mn": "long (distance, length)", "fr": 389}, {"w": "成長", "rd": "せいちょう", "mn": "growth; development; growing up; becoming an adult", "fr": 1286}, {"w": "長", "rd": "ちょう", "mn": "head; chief; leader; elder", "fr": 2126}, {"w": "社長", "rd": "しゃちょう", "mn": "company president; manager; director", "fr": 2352}, {"w": "長年", "rd": "ながねん", "mn": "many years; a long time", "fr": 3525}, {"w": "長い間", "rd": "ながいあいだ", "mn": "long time; long interval; for quite some time", "fr": 3539}, {"w": "部長", "rd": "ぶちょう", "mn": "head (chief, director) of a section or department", "fr": 3655}, {"w": "身長", "rd": "しんちょう", "mn": "height (of a person); stature", "fr": 3794}, {"w": "会長", "rd": "かいちょう", "mn": "president (of a society); chairman", "fr": 4382}, {"w": "店長", "rd": "てんちょう", "mn": "shop manager", "fr": 4625}, {"w": "長さ", "rd": "ながさ", "mn": "length", "fr": 4710}, {"w": "長引く", "rd": "ながびく", "mn": "to be prolonged; to drag on; to take a long time; to persist; to linger", "fr": 5777}, {"w": "隊長", "rd": "たいちょう", "mn": "commanding officer", "fr": 5851}, {"w": "長生き", "rd": "ながいき", "mn": "longevity; long life", "fr": 6573}, {"w": "長居", "rd": "ながい", "mn": "long visit; overstaying", "fr": 7009}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 214, "rp": 23, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "同", "g": 2, "o": 84, "f": 15, "j": null, "on": "ドウ", "kun": "おな.じ", "m": "same; agree; equal", "pm": "same", "r": [{"c": "冂", "nj": "けいがまえ", "ne": "to enclose"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "monks; hood; one; mouth", "hk": "same", "hs": "The primitives in this kanji show us <i>one</i> and <i>mouth</i> under a <i>hood</i>. Let us take the key word to connote the <b>sameness</b> that characterizes the life in community of the monk. They all have the <b>same</b> habits, including the \"habit\" they wear on their backs. Here we see the monk's <i>cowl</i> , drawn down over the eyes so that all you can see when you look at him is a <i>mouth</i>. But since monks also speak their prayers in common, it is but a short step to think of <i>one mouth</i> under a <i>hood</i> as the kanji for the <b>sameness</b> of monastic life.", "ks": "One mouth under a hood looks the same as any other.", "v": [{"w": "同じ", "rd": "おなじ", "mn": "same; identical; equal; alike; equivalent", "fr": 134}, {"w": "同士", "rd": "どうし", "mn": "fellow; mutual; companion; comrade", "fr": 1211}, {"w": "同時", "rd": "どうじ", "mn": "same time", "fr": 1269}, {"w": "同時に", "rd": "どうじに", "mn": "at the same time; at once; simultaneously; concurrently", "fr": 2018}, {"w": "同じく", "rd": "おなじく", "mn": "in the same way; like; likewise; similarly", "fr": 2358}, {"w": "同様", "rd": "どうよう", "mn": "same; similar; (just) like; equal", "fr": 2491}, {"w": "同情", "rd": "どうじょう", "mn": "sympathy; compassion; pity", "fr": 2865}, {"w": "一同", "rd": "いちどう", "mn": "all present; all concerned; all of us", "fr": 2949}, {"w": "同然", "rd": "どうぜん", "mn": "just like; (virtually) no different from; (almost) the same as; as good as (e.g.", "fr": 3207}, {"w": "同意", "rd": "どうい", "mn": "agreement; consent; approval; assent", "fr": 3501}, {"w": "同級生", "rd": "どうきゅうせい", "mn": "classmate", "fr": 3602}, {"w": "同行", "rd": "どうこう", "mn": "accompanying (someone); going with; travelling together", "fr": 3873}, {"w": "同僚", "rd": "どうりょう", "mn": "coworker; co-worker; colleague; associate", "fr": 4472}, {"w": "同感", "rd": "どうかん", "mn": "same feeling; same sentiment; same opinion; sympathy; agreement; concurrence", "fr": 5502}, {"w": "同", "rd": "どう", "mn": "the same; the said", "fr": 6420}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 205, "rp": 28, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "時", "g": 2, "o": 85, "f": 16, "j": null, "on": "ジ", "kun": "とき、-どき", "m": "time; hour", "pm": "time", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "寺", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "Buddhist temple"}], "hc": "sun; day; Buddhist temple; soil; dirt; ground; glue", "hk": "time", "hs": "\"What is <b>time</b>? \" asked St. Augustine in his memoirs. \"Ask me not, and I know. Ask me, and I cannot tell you.\" Here we have the kanji's answer to that perennial riddle. <b>Time</b> is a <i>sun</i> rising over a <i>Buddhist temple</i>. It sounds almost like a Zen kōan whose repetition might yield some deep secret to the initiated. At any rate, imagining a monk seated in meditation pondering it might help us remember the character.", "ks": "When the SUN starts to shine on the TEMPLE, it's <b>time</b> to get up.", "v": [{"w": "時間", "rd": "じかん", "mn": "time", "fr": 168}, {"w": "何時も", "rd": "いつも", "mn": "always; all the time; at all times", "fr": 171}, {"w": "時", "rd": "じ", "mn": "hour; o'clock", "fr": 273}, {"w": "時代", "rd": "じだい", "mn": "period; epoch; era; age", "fr": 757}, {"w": "同時", "rd": "どうじ", "mn": "same time", "fr": 1269}, {"w": "時期", "rd": "じき", "mn": "time; season; period; phase; stage", "fr": 1397}, {"w": "当時", "rd": "とうじ", "mn": "at that time; in those days", "fr": 1431}, {"w": "時々", "rd": "ときどき", "mn": "sometimes; occasionally; at times; from time to time; now and then; once in a wh", "fr": 1726}, {"w": "時点", "rd": "じてん", "mn": "point in time; occasion", "fr": 1930}, {"w": "同時に", "rd": "どうじに", "mn": "at the same time; at once; simultaneously; concurrently", "fr": 2018}, {"w": "時には", "rd": "ときには", "mn": "at times; occasionally", "fr": 2204}, {"w": "一時", "rd": "いちじ", "mn": "one o'clock", "fr": 2698}, {"w": "時計", "rd": "とけい", "mn": "clock; watch; timepiece", "fr": 2815}, {"w": "一時的", "rd": "いちじてき", "mn": "temporary; transitory; short-lived", "fr": 3948}, {"w": "時刻", "rd": "じこく", "mn": "time; (the) hour", "fr": 4014}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 854, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "自", "g": 2, "o": 86, "f": 19, "j": null, "on": "ジ、シ", "kun": "みずか.ら、おの.ずから、おの.ずと", "m": "oneself", "pm": "oneself", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}], "hc": "drop; eye", "hk": "oneself", "hs": "You can think of this kanji as a stylized pictograph of the nose, that little <i>drop</i> that Mother Nature set between your <i>eyes</i>. The Japanese refer to themselves by pointing a finger at their nose - giving us an easy way to remember the kanji for <b>oneself</b>.", "ks": "To use an eyedropper by <b>oneself</b> , aim from <i>above</i> to put a <i>drop</i> into the <i>eye</i>.", "v": [{"w": "自分", "rd": "じぶん", "mn": "myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself", "fr": 76}, {"w": "自分で", "rd": "じぶんで", "mn": "by myself; in person; by oneself", "fr": 670}, {"w": "自由", "rd": "じゆう", "mn": "freedom; liberty", "fr": 789}, {"w": "自信", "rd": "じしん", "mn": "self-confidence; confidence (in oneself)", "fr": 850}, {"w": "自身", "rd": "じしん", "mn": "(one's) self; oneself; yourself; himself; herself", "fr": 943}, {"w": "自然", "rd": "しぜん", "mn": "nature", "fr": 1111}, {"w": "自ら", "rd": "みずから", "mn": "oneself", "fr": 1165}, {"w": "自慢", "rd": "じまん", "mn": "pride (in one's achievements, possessions, etc.); self-praise; boast", "fr": 1743}, {"w": "自体", "rd": "じたい", "mn": "itself", "fr": 1750}, {"w": "自覚", "rd": "じかく", "mn": "self-consciousness; self-awareness", "fr": 2093}, {"w": "自分自身", "rd": "じぶんじしん", "mn": "oneself; myself", "fr": 2689}, {"w": "自宅", "rd": "じたく", "mn": "one's home; one's house", "fr": 2944}, {"w": "不自然", "rd": "ふしぜん", "mn": "unnatural; artificial; affected; strained", "fr": 3186}, {"w": "自殺", "rd": "じさつ", "mn": "suicide", "fr": 3226}, {"w": "自己紹介", "rd": "じこしょうかい", "mn": "self-introduction", "fr": 3713}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 164, "rp": 58, "l": 11, "n": ""}}, {"k": "行", "g": 2, "o": 87, "f": 20, "j": null, "on": "コウ、ギョウ、アン", "kun": "い.く、ゆ.く、-ゆ.き、-ゆき、-い.き、-いき、おこな.う、おこ.なう", "m": "going; journey; carry out; conduct; act; line; row; bank", "pm": "going", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}], "hc": "boulevard", "hk": "going", "hs": "By joining the top four strokes, you should get a picture of the front current of a river, the stream trailing behind. Hence the character for <b>going</b>.", "ks": "I use The Flash for for this primitive, a superhero who is always going very fast.", "v": [{"w": "行く", "rd": "いく", "mn": "to go; to move (towards); to head (towards); to leave (for)", "fr": 64}, {"w": "行う", "rd": "おこなう", "mn": "to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out", "fr": 110}, {"w": "行動", "rd": "こうどう", "mn": "action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation", "fr": 831}, {"w": "行為", "rd": "こうい", "mn": "act; deed; conduct", "fr": 1749}, {"w": "旅行", "rd": "りょこう", "mn": "travel; trip; journey; excursion; tour", "fr": 2209}, {"w": "行ってきます", "rd": "いってきます", "mn": "I'm off (and will be back later); see you later", "fr": 2650}, {"w": "行", "rd": "ぎょう", "mn": "line (of text); row; verse", "fr": 3038}, {"w": "連れて行く", "rd": "つれていく", "mn": "to take (someone to a place); to take (someone) with one; to take along; to lead", "fr": 3123}, {"w": "実行", "rd": "じっこう", "mn": "execution (e.g. of a plan); carrying out; (putting into) practice; action; imple", "fr": 3191}, {"w": "行方", "rd": "ゆくえ", "mn": "(one's) whereabouts", "fr": 3417}, {"w": "行き", "rd": "いき", "mn": "the way there; outbound leg; outbound trip; departing leg", "fr": 3482}, {"w": "行方不明", "rd": "ゆくえふめい", "mn": "missing (of a person); lost; unaccounted for; whereabouts unknown", "fr": 3792}, {"w": "進行", "rd": "しんこう", "mn": "moving forward (e.g. of a vehicle); onward movement", "fr": 3813}, {"w": "同行", "rd": "どうこう", "mn": "accompanying (someone); going with; travelling together", "fr": 3873}, {"w": "行き先", "rd": "いきさき", "mn": "destination", "fr": 4325}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1147, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "社", "g": 2, "o": 88, "f": 21, "j": null, "on": "シャ", "kun": "やしろ", "m": "company; firm; office; association; shrine", "pm": "company", "r": [{"c": "礻", "nj": "しめすへん", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "altar; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "company", "hs": "<i>Altar</i> . . . <i>soil</i>. The <b>company</b> referred to here is that of the modern business world.", "ks": "When you enter a Japanese <b>company</b> it's like you join a cult… your workdesk becomes your altar and you worship the very soil the office is built on.", "v": [{"w": "会社", "rd": "かいしゃ", "mn": "company; corporation; firm", "fr": 1199}, {"w": "社長", "rd": "しゃちょう", "mn": "company president; manager; director", "fr": 2352}, {"w": "社会", "rd": "しゃかい", "mn": "society; public; community; the world", "fr": 2405}, {"w": "社員", "rd": "しゃいん", "mn": "company employee", "fr": 4856}, {"w": "神社", "rd": "じんじゃ", "mn": "Shinto shrine", "fr": 5355}, {"w": "株式会社", "rd": "かぶしきがいしゃ", "mn": "stock company; corporation; kabushiki kaisha; KK", "fr": 6611}, {"w": "社会人", "rd": "しゃかいじん", "mn": "working adult; full-fledged member of society", "fr": 9258}, {"w": "社会的", "rd": "しゃかいてき", "mn": "social; societal; societary", "fr": 9496}, {"w": "本社", "rd": "ほんしゃ", "mn": "head office; main office; headquarters; parent company", "fr": 10811}, {"w": "出版社", "rd": "しゅっぱんしゃ", "mn": "publisher; publishing house; publishing company", "fr": 12389}, {"w": "社内", "rd": "しゃない", "mn": "within a company; in-house", "fr": 12820}, {"w": "入社", "rd": "にゅうしゃ", "mn": "joining a company; getting a job with a company; starting work at a company", "fr": 13827}, {"w": "会社員", "rd": "かいしゃいん", "mn": "company employee; office worker; white-collar worker", "fr": 16026}, {"w": "弊社", "rd": "へいしゃ", "mn": "our company; our firm", "fr": 19551}, {"w": "新聞社", "rd": "しんぶんしゃ", "mn": "newspaper company", "fr": 21436}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 815, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "分", "g": 2, "o": 89, "f": 24, "j": null, "on": "ブン、フン、ブ", "kun": "わ.ける、わ.け、わ.かれる、わ.かる、わ.かつ", "m": "part; minute of time; segment; share; degree; one's lot; duty; understand; know; rate; 1%; chances; shaku/100", "pm": "part", "r": [{"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}, {"c": "刀", "nj": "かたな", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "eight; sword; dagger", "hk": "part", "hs": "Go in . . . dagger.", "ks": "When something is <i>entered</i> by a <i>dagger</i> , it ends up being cut in several <b>parts</b>.", "v": [{"w": "自分", "rd": "じぶん", "mn": "myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself", "fr": 76}, {"w": "分かる", "rd": "わかる", "mn": "to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow", "fr": 174}, {"w": "分", "rd": "ふん", "mn": "minute (unit of time)", "fr": 480}, {"w": "十分", "rd": "じゅうぶん", "mn": "enough; sufficient; plenty; adequate; satisfactory", "fr": 543}, {"w": "自分で", "rd": "じぶんで", "mn": "by myself; in person; by oneself", "fr": 670}, {"w": "気分", "rd": "きぶん", "mn": "feeling; mood", "fr": 675}, {"w": "半分", "rd": "はんぶん", "mn": "half", "fr": 1076}, {"w": "部分", "rd": "ぶぶん", "mn": "portion; section; part", "fr": 1239}, {"w": "多分", "rd": "たぶん", "mn": "probably; likely; perhaps; maybe", "fr": 1342}, {"w": "随分", "rd": "ずいぶん", "mn": "very; extremely; surprisingly; fairly; quite; considerably; awfully; terribly", "fr": 1363}, {"w": "分ける", "rd": "わける", "mn": "to divide (into); to split (into); to part; to separate; to divide up; to classi", "fr": 1724}, {"w": "自分自身", "rd": "じぶんじしん", "mn": "oneself; myself", "fr": 2689}, {"w": "処分", "rd": "しょぶん", "mn": "disposal; throwing away; selling off", "fr": 2796}, {"w": "分かれる", "rd": "わかれる", "mn": "to branch; to fork; to diverge", "fr": 2826}, {"w": "分析", "rd": "ぶんせき", "mn": "analysis", "fr": 3916}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 593, "rp": 16, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "後", "g": 2, "o": 90, "f": 26, "j": null, "on": "ゴ、コウ", "kun": "のち、うし.ろ、うしろ、あと、おく.れる", "m": "behind; back; later", "pm": "behind", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "幺", "nj": "いとがしら", "ne": "young"}, {"c": "夂", "nj": "のまた", "ne": "to follow"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; cocoon; walking legs", "hk": "behind", "hs": "Line . . . cocoon . . . walking legs.", "ks": "Column of walking legs (caterpillar) getting into a cocoon, about to leave its past self <b>behind</b>.", "v": [{"w": "最後", "rd": "さいご", "mn": "end; conclusion", "fr": 239}, {"w": "後", "rd": "あと", "mn": "behind; rear", "fr": 528}, {"w": "後ろ", "rd": "うしろ", "mn": "back; behind; rear", "fr": 732}, {"w": "後悔", "rd": "こうかい", "mn": "regret; repentance; remorse", "fr": 998}, {"w": "今後", "rd": "こんご", "mn": "from now on; hereafter", "fr": 1113}, {"w": "午後", "rd": "ごご", "mn": "afternoon; p.m.", "fr": 1649}, {"w": "直後", "rd": "ちょくご", "mn": "immediately following", "fr": 2419}, {"w": "背後", "rd": "はいご", "mn": "back; rear", "fr": 2633}, {"w": "後輩", "rd": "こうはい", "mn": "junior (at work, school, etc.); younger people; younger student", "fr": 2902}, {"w": "前後", "rd": "ぜんご", "mn": "front and rear; front and back; before and behind; back and forth", "fr": 3485}, {"w": "放課後", "rd": "ほうかご", "mn": "after school (at the end of the day)", "fr": 3760}, {"w": "年後", "rd": "ねんご", "mn": "years later", "fr": 4499}, {"w": "後半", "rd": "こうはん", "mn": "second half; latter half", "fr": 4660}, {"w": "後方", "rd": "こうほう", "mn": "rear; back; behind", "fr": 5363}, {"w": "以後", "rd": "いご", "mn": "after this; from now on; hereafter", "fr": 5436}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 266, "rp": 22, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "前", "g": 2, "o": 91, "f": 27, "j": null, "on": "ゼン", "kun": "まえ、-まえ", "m": "in front; before", "pm": "in front", "r": [{"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "horns; butcher; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "in front", "hs": "We waited to introduce this character until now, even though the pieces have been available for some time, because it helps to reinforce the odd kanji of the last frame. Picture the <i>butcher</i> hacking away with his knife at a slab of meat on his table with a pair of ram's <i>horns</i> placed <b>in front</b> of him (or on his head, if you prefer). There is no need to worry about confusing this kanji with that for <i>before</i> (Frame 263), since it will not appear as a primitive in any other character used in this book.", "ks": "When I get <i>horn</i> y my <i>flesh sword</i> sticks out <b>in front</b> of me.", "v": [{"w": "前", "rd": "ぜん", "mn": "last (i.e. immediately preceding); previous; ex-; former", "fr": 70}, {"w": "お前", "rd": "おまえ", "mn": "you", "fr": 109}, {"w": "名前", "rd": "なまえ", "mn": "name", "fr": 251}, {"w": "当たり前", "rd": "あたりまえ", "mn": "natural; reasonable; obvious", "fr": 692}, {"w": "目の前", "rd": "めのまえ", "mn": "before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose", "fr": 774}, {"w": "以前", "rd": "いぜん", "mn": "before; prior to; ago", "fr": 865}, {"w": "直前", "rd": "ちょくぜん", "mn": "just before; just prior to", "fr": 2258}, {"w": "手前", "rd": "てまえ", "mn": "before oneself; in front of one; nearby", "fr": 2855}, {"w": "前回", "rd": "ぜんかい", "mn": "previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous se", "fr": 2869}, {"w": "事前", "rd": "じぜん", "mn": "prior; beforehand; in advance; before the fact; ex ante", "fr": 3149}, {"w": "お名前", "rd": "おなまえ", "mn": "name", "fr": 3393}, {"w": "前後", "rd": "ぜんご", "mn": "front and rear; front and back; before and behind; back and forth", "fr": 3485}, {"w": "寸前", "rd": "すんぜん", "mn": "just before; on the verge of; on the brink of", "fr": 3577}, {"w": "午前", "rd": "ごぜん", "mn": "morning; a.m.", "fr": 3867}, {"w": "前提", "rd": "ぜんてい", "mn": "condition; assumption; prerequisite; hypothesis", "fr": 3993}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 883, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "間", "g": 2, "o": 92, "f": 33, "j": null, "on": "カン、ケン", "kun": "あいだ、ま、あい", "m": "interval; space", "pm": "interval", "r": [{"c": "門", "nj": "もんがまえ", "ne": "gate"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "gates; sun; day", "hk": "interval", "hs": "<i>Gates</i> . . . <i>sun/day</i>. This <b>interval</b> applies to time and space alike, but the latter is better for creating an image.", "ks": "We open the gates at regular intervals to let a bit of sun in.", "v": [{"w": "時間", "rd": "じかん", "mn": "time", "fr": 168}, {"w": "人間", "rd": "にんげん", "mn": "human being; human; person; man; mankind; humankind", "fr": 185}, {"w": "間", "rd": "あいだ", "mn": "space (between); gap; interval; distance; stretch", "fr": 302}, {"w": "仲間", "rd": "なかま", "mn": "companion; fellow; friend; mate; comrade; partner; colleague; coworker; associat", "fr": 567}, {"w": "瞬間", "rd": "しゅんかん", "mn": "moment; instant; second", "fr": 791}, {"w": "間違う", "rd": "まちがう", "mn": "to be mistaken; to be incorrect; to be wrong", "fr": 819}, {"w": "間違い", "rd": "まちがい", "mn": "mistake; error; blunder", "fr": 929}, {"w": "間に合う", "rd": "まにあう", "mn": "to be in time (for)", "fr": 937}, {"w": "間違いない", "rd": "まちがいない", "mn": "certain; sure; no doubt", "fr": 1034}, {"w": "間違える", "rd": "まちがえる", "mn": "to make a mistake (in); to commit an error; to get wrong; to do incorrectly", "fr": 1107}, {"w": "この間", "rd": "このあいだ", "mn": "the other day; lately; recently; during this period", "fr": 1526}, {"w": "いつの間にか", "rd": "いつのまにか", "mn": "before one knows; before one becomes aware of; unnoticed; unawares", "fr": 1713}, {"w": "年間", "rd": "ねんかん", "mn": "(period of) a year", "fr": 1815}, {"w": "世間", "rd": "せけん", "mn": "world; society; people; the public", "fr": 1967}, {"w": "昼間", "rd": "ひるま", "mn": "daytime; during the day; time from sunrise until sunset; diurnal period", "fr": 2062}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 887, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "東", "g": 2, "o": 93, "f": 37, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "ひがし", "m": "east", "pm": "east", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "sun; day; tree; wood", "hk": "east", "hs": "As a \"Western\" language, English identifies the <b>east</b> with the rising <i>sun</i>. In more fanciful terms, we see the <i>sun</i> piercing through a <i>tree</i> as it rises in the <b>east</b>.", "ks": "Traditionally seen as a pictograph of the sun rising behind a tree.", "v": [{"w": "東京", "rd": "とうきょう", "mn": "Tokyo", "fr": 1492}, {"w": "東", "rd": "ひがし", "mn": "east", "fr": 3035}, {"w": "関東", "rd": "かんとう", "mn": "Kantō (region comprising Tokyo and surrounding prefectures)", "fr": 10085}, {"w": "東側", "rd": "ひがしがわ", "mn": "east side; east bank", "fr": 17265}, {"w": "東西", "rd": "とうざい", "mn": "east and west", "fr": 18022}, {"w": "東北", "rd": "とうほく", "mn": "north-east", "fr": 19014}, {"w": "東洋", "rd": "とうよう", "mn": "the East; the Orient; (East) Asia", "fr": 19336}, {"w": "北東", "rd": "ほくとう", "mn": "northeast", "fr": 20718}, {"w": "東方", "rd": "とうほう", "mn": "eastern direction", "fr": 23248}, {"w": "南東", "rd": "なんとう", "mn": "southeast", "fr": 23822}, {"w": "東部", "rd": "とうぶ", "mn": "eastern part; the east (of a region)", "fr": 24395}, {"w": "中東", "rd": "ちゅうとう", "mn": "Middle East", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "北北東", "rd": "ほくほくとう", "mn": "north-northeast; north-north-east", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "広東", "rd": "カントン", "mn": "Guangdong (China); Kwangtung", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "東亜", "rd": "とうあ", "mn": "East Asia; the Orient", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 820, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "地", "g": 2, "o": 94, "f": 40, "j": null, "on": "チ、ジ", "kun": "", "m": "ground; earth", "pm": "ground", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "也", "nj": "ヤ", "ne": "to be (classical)"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; scorpion", "hk": "ground", "hs": "<i>Soil</i> and a <i>scorpion</i> (an  \"earth animal\"). This is, of course, the full character from which the primitive for <b>ground</b> derives.", "ks": "The DIRT SCORPION is a ground -type pokémon.", "v": [{"w": "地獄", "rd": "じごく", "mn": "hell realm; Naraka", "fr": 1638}, {"w": "地", "rd": "ち", "mn": "earth; ground; land; soil", "fr": 1695}, {"w": "地面", "rd": "じめん", "mn": "ground; earth's surface", "fr": 2199}, {"w": "土地", "rd": "とち", "mn": "plot of land; lot; soil", "fr": 2386}, {"w": "地下", "rd": "ちか", "mn": "underground; below the ground", "fr": 2773}, {"w": "地球", "rd": "ちきゅう", "mn": "Earth; the globe", "fr": 3042}, {"w": "地図", "rd": "ちず", "mn": "map; atlas; chart; plan", "fr": 3059}, {"w": "地元", "rd": "じもと", "mn": "home area; home town", "fr": 3076}, {"w": "地味", "rd": "じみ", "mn": "plain; simple; subdued; sober", "fr": 3167}, {"w": "地上", "rd": "ちじょう", "mn": "above ground; on the ground; earth's surface", "fr": 3194}, {"w": "地域", "rd": "ちいき", "mn": "area; region; district; locality", "fr": 3586}, {"w": "意地", "rd": "いじ", "mn": "stubbornness; obstinacy; willpower; pride", "fr": 3645}, {"w": "意地悪", "rd": "いじわる", "mn": "malicious; ill-tempered; unkind; mean; nasty", "fr": 3677}, {"w": "余地", "rd": "よち", "mn": "place; room; margin; scope", "fr": 4026}, {"w": "大地", "rd": "だいち", "mn": "earth; ground; the solid earth; the (vast) land", "fr": 4193}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 80, "rp": 67, "l": 12, "n": ""}}, {"k": "合", "g": 2, "o": 95, "f": 41, "j": null, "on": "ゴウ、ガッ、カッ", "kun": "あ.う、-あ.う、あ.い、あい-、-あ.い、-あい、あ.わす、あ.わせる、-あ.わせる", "m": "fit; suit; join; 0.1", "pm": "fit", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "meeting; umbrella; one; mouth", "hk": "fit", "hs": "The kanji for <b>fit</b> reads literally, top to bottom, as a <i>meeting</i> of <i>mouths</i>  \\- which is a rather descriptive way of speaking of a romantic kiss. We all know what happens when there is no meeting of minds and when people's ideas don't <b>fit</b>  with one another. But this kanji invites us to imagine what would happened to the romance of a certain unfortunate couple whose <i>mouths</i> didn't <b>fit</b>.", "ks": "I wouldn't mind a <i>meeting</i> of <i>mouths</i> with her, she's really <b>fit</b> !", "v": [{"w": "場合", "rd": "ばあい", "mn": "case; occasion; situation; circumstances", "fr": 451}, {"w": "合う", "rd": "あう", "mn": "to come together; to merge; to unite; to meet", "fr": 712}, {"w": "合わせる", "rd": "あわせる", "mn": "to match (rhythm, speed, etc.)", "fr": 905}, {"w": "知り合い", "rd": "しりあい", "mn": "acquaintance", "fr": 923}, {"w": "似合う", "rd": "にあう", "mn": "to suit; to match; to become; to be like", "fr": 933}, {"w": "間に合う", "rd": "まにあう", "mn": "to be in time (for)", "fr": 937}, {"w": "付き合う", "rd": "つきあう", "mn": "to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go steady with; to g", "fr": 1323}, {"w": "具合", "rd": "ぐあい", "mn": "condition; state", "fr": 1502}, {"w": "都合", "rd": "つごう", "mn": "circumstances; condition; convenience", "fr": 1945}, {"w": "話し合う", "rd": "はなしあう", "mn": "to discuss; to talk together", "fr": 2377}, {"w": "知り合う", "rd": "しりあう", "mn": "to get to know each other; to make acquaintance", "fr": 2649}, {"w": "合流", "rd": "ごうりゅう", "mn": "confluence (of rivers); flowing together; joining", "fr": 3007}, {"w": "試合", "rd": "しあい", "mn": "match; game; bout; contest", "fr": 3067}, {"w": "合図", "rd": "あいず", "mn": "sign; signal; cue", "fr": 3232}, {"w": "合格", "rd": "ごうかく", "mn": "passing (an exam); pass; success; passing grade", "fr": 3301}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 531, "rp": 11, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "市", "g": 2, "o": 96, "f": 42, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "いち", "m": "market; city; town", "pm": "market", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}], "hc": "top hat; towel", "hk": "market", "hs": "Dressed in nothing but a bath <i>towel</i> and <i>top hat</i> , one sets off to the <b>market</b> place in search of a bargain or two.", "ks": "At the MARKET you find lots of nice TOP HATS and TOWELS.", "v": [{"w": "都市", "rd": "とし", "mn": "town; city; municipal; urban", "fr": 5124}, {"w": "市", "rd": "いち", "mn": "market; fair", "fr": 5221}, {"w": "市民", "rd": "しみん", "mn": "citizen (of a country); citizenry", "fr": 5479}, {"w": "市場", "rd": "いちば", "mn": "(town) market; (street) market; marketplace", "fr": 7782}, {"w": "市内", "rd": "しない", "mn": "in the city; within the city", "fr": 11525}, {"w": "市販", "rd": "しはん", "mn": "putting on the market; putting on sale; making commercially available", "fr": 17302}, {"w": "市街地", "rd": "しがいち", "mn": "town area; urban area; metropolitan area; built-up area", "fr": 19196}, {"w": "市長", "rd": "しちょう", "mn": "mayor", "fr": 20598}, {"w": "大都市", "rd": "だいとし", "mn": "metropolis; large city", "fr": 23954}, {"w": "市役所", "rd": "しやくしょ", "mn": "municipal office; council; city hall", "fr": 24375}, {"w": "市街", "rd": "しがい", "mn": "urban areas; the streets; town; city", "fr": 24491}, {"w": "卸売市場", "rd": "おろしうりしじょう", "mn": "wholesale market", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "同市", "rd": "どうし", "mn": "same city", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "市中", "rd": "しちゅう", "mn": "in the city", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "市会", "rd": "しかい", "mn": "city council", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 5, "rp": 79, "l": 16, "n": ""}}, {"k": "内", "g": 2, "o": 97, "f": 44, "j": null, "on": "ナイ、ダイ", "kun": "うち", "m": "inside; within; between; among; house; home", "pm": "inside", "r": [{"c": "冂", "nj": "けいがまえ", "ne": "to enclose"}, {"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}], "hc": "person; belt", "hk": "inside", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>belt</i>. Note that we cannot use the primitive meaning of <i>hood</i> here because the <i>person</i> runs THROUGH the element, not under it.", "ks": "A seat belt keeps a person inside the vehicle.", "v": [{"w": "内容", "rd": "ないよう", "mn": "contents; content; substance; matter; detail; import", "fr": 1158}, {"w": "内", "rd": "うち", "mn": "inside; within", "fr": 1375}, {"w": "案内", "rd": "あんない", "mn": "guidance; leading (the way); showing around", "fr": 1522}, {"w": "内緒", "rd": "ないしょ", "mn": "secrecy; confidentiality; privacy; secret", "fr": 2765}, {"w": "内側", "rd": "うちがわ", "mn": "inside; interior; inner part", "fr": 3028}, {"w": "内部", "rd": "ないぶ", "mn": "interior; inside; internal", "fr": 3222}, {"w": "以内", "rd": "いない", "mn": "within; inside of; less than", "fr": 3345}, {"w": "身内", "rd": "みうち", "mn": "relatives; one's family", "fr": 3755}, {"w": "内心", "rd": "ないしん", "mn": "inner thoughts; real intention; inmost heart; one's mind", "fr": 4346}, {"w": "室内", "rd": "しつない", "mn": "indoor; inside the room", "fr": 4529}, {"w": "体内", "rd": "たいない", "mn": "interior of the body", "fr": 4571}, {"w": "店内", "rd": "てんない", "mn": "inside of a store (restaurant, café, etc.); store interior; on the premises", "fr": 5142}, {"w": "内科", "rd": "ないか", "mn": "internal medicine", "fr": 5264}, {"w": "国内", "rd": "こくない", "mn": "within the country; inside the county; domestic; home; internal", "fr": 5714}, {"w": "内臓", "rd": "ないぞう", "mn": "internal organs; viscera", "fr": 6602}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 181, "rp": 19, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "方", "g": 2, "o": 98, "f": 46, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "かた、-かた、-がた", "m": "direction; person; alternative", "pm": "direction", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}], "hc": "compass", "hk": "direction", "hs": "Spinning a <i>dagger</i> about on its hilt on the top of a <i>top hat</i>  \\- waiting to see in which <b>direction</b> it points when it comes to rest - one leaves to fate where one is going next. Take care in writing this character.", "ks": "I always keep my directions bound to the bottom of my top hat so I won't lose them.", "v": [{"w": "方", "rd": "かた", "mn": "direction; way", "fr": 166}, {"w": "方法", "rd": "ほうほう", "mn": "method; way; manner; process; procedure; means; measure", "fr": 651}, {"w": "言い方", "rd": "いいかた", "mn": "way of saying (something); way of putting it; wording; phrasing; language; expre", "fr": 1141}, {"w": "味方", "rd": "みかた", "mn": "friend; ally; supporter", "fr": 1262}, {"w": "仕方ない", "rd": "しかたない", "mn": "there's no (other) way", "fr": 1357}, {"w": "やり方", "rd": "やりかた", "mn": "way (of doing); manner; method; means", "fr": 1412}, {"w": "方向", "rd": "ほうこう", "mn": "direction; orientation; bearing; way", "fr": 1420}, {"w": "方がいい", "rd": "ほうがいい", "mn": "had better ...", "fr": 1528}, {"w": "一方", "rd": "いっぽう", "mn": "one (esp. of two); the other; one way; the other way; one direction; the other d", "fr": 1592}, {"w": "夕方", "rd": "ゆうがた", "mn": "early evening (usu. from 3pm to 6pm); dusk", "fr": 2151}, {"w": "両方", "rd": "りょうほう", "mn": "both; both sides; both parties", "fr": 2411}, {"w": "何方", "rd": "どなた", "mn": "who", "fr": 2696}, {"w": "方々", "rd": "かたがた", "mn": "people; (all) persons; everyone; ladies and gentlemen", "fr": 2881}, {"w": "一方的", "rd": "いっぽうてき", "mn": "one-sided; unilateral; arbitrary", "fr": 2934}, {"w": "使い方", "rd": "つかいかた", "mn": "way of using (something); way to use; how to use; usage; use", "fr": 2963}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 101, "rp": 34, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "今", "g": 2, "o": 99, "f": 49, "j": null, "on": "コン、キン", "kun": "いま", "m": "now", "pm": "now", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}], "hc": "meeting; umbrella; one", "hk": "now", "hs": "The final stroke of this kanji is a rare shape, which we have not met before and will only meet in this character and others that include it as a primitive. We are more accustomed to seeing it straightened out as part of other shapes - for instance, as the second stroke of <i>mouth</i>. If you need any help at all with this character, you may picture it as two hands of a clock pointing to what time it is <b>now</b>. The element above it, <i>meeting</i> , should easily relate to that image.", "ks": "My MEETING is at 7- but that's <b>NOW</b>!", "v": [{"w": "今", "rd": "いま", "mn": "now; the present time; just now; soon; immediately", "fr": 55}, {"w": "今日", "rd": "きょう", "mn": "today; this day", "fr": 97}, {"w": "今度", "rd": "こんど", "mn": "this time; now", "fr": 207}, {"w": "今まで", "rd": "いままで", "mn": "until now; till now; up to now; up to the present; so far", "fr": 381}, {"w": "今回", "rd": "こんかい", "mn": "this time; now", "fr": 433}, {"w": "今夜", "rd": "こんや", "mn": "this evening; tonight", "fr": 900}, {"w": "今日は", "rd": "こんにちは", "mn": "hello; good day; good afternoon", "fr": 944}, {"w": "今すぐ", "rd": "いますぐ", "mn": "at once; immediately; right now", "fr": 1035}, {"w": "今後", "rd": "こんご", "mn": "from now on; hereafter", "fr": 1113}, {"w": "今年", "rd": "ことし", "mn": "this year", "fr": 1229}, {"w": "今朝", "rd": "けさ", "mn": "this morning", "fr": 1532}, {"w": "今頃", "rd": "いまごろ", "mn": "about this time; about now", "fr": 1910}, {"w": "今更", "rd": "いまさら", "mn": "now (when it is already much too late); at this stage", "fr": 1986}, {"w": "今や", "rd": "いまや", "mn": "now (esp. in contrast to the past); now at last; at present; right now", "fr": 2976}, {"w": "今月", "rd": "こんげつ", "mn": "this month", "fr": 3999}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 3517, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "回", "g": 2, "o": 100, "f": 50, "j": null, "on": "カイ、エ", "kun": "まわ.る、-まわ.る、-まわ.り、まわ.す、-まわ.す、まわ.し-、-まわ.し、もとお.る、か.える", "m": "-times; round; game; revolve; counter for occurrences", "pm": "-times", "r": [{"c": "囗", "nj": "くにがまえ", "ne": "border"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "times; pent in; mouth", "hk": "-times", "hs": "The suffix \" <b>-times</b> \" refers to a number of repetitions. Its elements: <i>a mouth</i>  . . . <i>pent in</i>. Hint: you may find it more helpful to forget the primitives and think of one circle revovling inside of another.", "ks": "Write <i>mouth</i> two <b>-times</b>.", "v": [{"w": "今回", "rd": "こんかい", "mn": "this time; now", "fr": 433}, {"w": "回る", "rd": "まわる", "mn": "to turn; to rotate; to revolve; to spin", "fr": 707}, {"w": "回す", "rd": "まわす", "mn": "to turn; to rotate; to spin; to twist; to gyrate", "fr": 1290}, {"w": "回", "rd": "かい", "mn": "counter for occurrences", "fr": 1325}, {"w": "回復", "rd": "かいふく", "mn": "restoration; recovery; rehabilitation; return; improvement", "fr": 1932}, {"w": "一回", "rd": "いっかい", "mn": "once; one time; one round; one game; one bout; one heat; one inning", "fr": 2426}, {"w": "振り回す", "rd": "ふりまわす", "mn": "to wield; to brandish; to flourish; to wave (about); to swing", "fr": 2489}, {"w": "回収", "rd": "かいしゅう", "mn": "collection; recovery; withdrawal; retrieval", "fr": 2504}, {"w": "前回", "rd": "ぜんかい", "mn": "previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous se", "fr": 2869}, {"w": "回目", "rd": "かいめ", "mn": "nth time", "fr": 2878}, {"w": "何回", "rd": "なんかい", "mn": "how many times", "fr": 3138}, {"w": "毎回", "rd": "まいかい", "mn": "every time; each round", "fr": 3389}, {"w": "回転", "rd": "かいてん", "mn": "rotation; revolution; turn; spin", "fr": 3639}, {"w": "回避", "rd": "かいひ", "mn": "evasion; avoidance", "fr": 3804}, {"w": "次回", "rd": "じかい", "mn": "next time (occasion)", "fr": 3810}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 613, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "新", "g": 2, "o": 101, "f": 51, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "あたら.しい、あら.た、あら-、にい-", "m": "new", "pm": "new", "r": [{"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "斤", "nj": "おのづくり", "ne": "axe"}], "hc": "red pepper; stand up; vase; tree; wood; axe", "hk": "new", "hs": "Red pepper . . . ax.", "ks": "The Red Hot Chilli Peppers and Axe l Rose form a new band.", "v": [{"w": "新しい", "rd": "あたらしい", "mn": "new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date; modern", "fr": 357}, {"w": "新た", "rd": "あらた", "mn": "new; fresh; novel", "fr": 1266}, {"w": "新", "rd": "しん", "mn": "new; neo-", "fr": 1848}, {"w": "新鮮", "rd": "しんせん", "mn": "fresh", "fr": 2997}, {"w": "新聞", "rd": "しんぶん", "mn": "newspaper", "fr": 3326}, {"w": "新人", "rd": "しんじん", "mn": "newcomer; new figure; new member; recruit; rookie; new talent; new star", "fr": 3493}, {"w": "最新", "rd": "さいしん", "mn": "latest; newest; late-breaking (news)", "fr": 4182}, {"w": "新作", "rd": "しんさく", "mn": "new work; new production; new composition; new creation; new title", "fr": 5217}, {"w": "更新", "rd": "こうしん", "mn": "renewal; update; replacement; renovation; breaking (a record)", "fr": 6132}, {"w": "新品", "rd": "しんぴん", "mn": "brand-new article; new item", "fr": 9120}, {"w": "新規", "rd": "しんき", "mn": "new; fresh", "fr": 9961}, {"w": "新婚", "rd": "しんこん", "mn": "newly-wed; newly married", "fr": 12038}, {"w": "新手", "rd": "あらて", "mn": "fresh troops; fresh players", "fr": 12412}, {"w": "斬新", "rd": "ざんしん", "mn": "novel; original; new; innovative", "fr": 12566}, {"w": "新幹線", "rd": "しんかんせん", "mn": "Shinkansen; bullet train", "fr": 12609}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 960, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "場", "g": 2, "o": 102, "f": 52, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ、チョウ", "kun": "ば", "m": "location; place", "pm": "location", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "昜", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "open"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; piggy bank; sun; day; piglets", "hk": "location", "hs": "Soil . . . piggy bank.", "ks": "You're looking for a good <b>location</b> to bury your <i>piggy bank</i> savings. It has to be in some soft <i>soil</i> that's easy to dig up, well hidden, and easy to rememger like this kanji.", "v": [{"w": "場所", "rd": "ばしょ", "mn": "place; location; spot; position; area", "fr": 234}, {"w": "場合", "rd": "ばあい", "mn": "case; occasion; situation; circumstances", "fr": 451}, {"w": "場", "rd": "ば", "mn": "place; spot; space", "fr": 1069}, {"w": "立場", "rd": "たちば", "mn": "position; situation", "fr": 1114}, {"w": "現場", "rd": "げんば", "mn": "actual spot; scene (of a crime, accident, etc.)", "fr": 1438}, {"w": "居場所", "rd": "いばしょ", "mn": "whereabouts; place; location", "fr": 1867}, {"w": "登場", "rd": "とうじょう", "mn": "entrance (on the stage); appearance (in a book, film, etc.)", "fr": 1962}, {"w": "会場", "rd": "かいじょう", "mn": "assembly hall; meeting place; venue; site; grounds", "fr": 2760}, {"w": "場面", "rd": "ばめん", "mn": "scene; setting; place (where something happens); scenario; case", "fr": 3795}, {"w": "戦場", "rd": "せんじょう", "mn": "battlefield; battleground", "fr": 3821}, {"w": "職場", "rd": "しょくば", "mn": "one's post; place of work; workplace", "fr": 4169}, {"w": "工場", "rd": "こうじょう", "mn": "factory; plant; mill; workshop", "fr": 4355}, {"w": "広場", "rd": "ひろば", "mn": "public square; square; plaza; piazza; forum", "fr": 5846}, {"w": "出場", "rd": "しゅつじょう", "mn": "participation (in a tournament, match, race, etc.); entry; taking part (in); com", "fr": 7613}, {"w": "市場", "rd": "いちば", "mn": "(town) market; (street) market; marketplace", "fr": 7782}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 105, "rp": 72, "l": 15, "n": ""}}, {"k": "米", "g": 2, "o": 103, "f": 61, "j": null, "on": "ベイ、マイ、メエトル", "kun": "こめ、よね", "m": "rice; USA; metre", "pm": "rice", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}], "hc": "", "hk": "rice", "hs": "This kanji has a pictographic resemblance to a number of grains of <b>rice</b> lying on a plate in the shape of a star.", "ks": "Two drops of rice in a tree , simple.", "v": [{"w": "米", "rd": "こめ", "mn": "(husked grains of) rice", "fr": 5084}, {"w": "新米", "rd": "しんまい", "mn": "new rice; first rice crop of the year", "fr": 13923}, {"w": "白米", "rd": "はくまい", "mn": "polished rice; (uncooked) white rice", "fr": 23755}, {"w": "米国", "rd": "べいこく", "mn": "(United States of) America; USA; US", "fr": 24484}, {"w": "南米", "rd": "なんべい", "mn": "South America", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "欧米", "rd": "おうべい", "mn": "Europe and the United States; Europe and America; the West", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "中南米", "rd": "ちゅうなんべい", "mn": "Central and South America", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "全米", "rd": "ぜんべい", "mn": "all-America; pan-American; all of America", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "北米", "rd": "ほくべい", "mn": "North America", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "反米", "rd": "はんべい", "mn": "anti-American", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "在米", "rd": "ざいべい", "mn": "staying in the United States; residing in the United States; being situated in t", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "外米", "rd": "がいまい", "mn": "foreign rice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "対米", "rd": "たいべい", "mn": "relating to the USA; toward America; with America", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "日米", "rd": "にちべい", "mn": "Japan and the United States; Japanese-American", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "無洗米", "rd": "むせんまい", "mn": "pre-washed rice; wash-free rice; musenmai", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 223, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "高", "g": 2, "o": 104, "f": 65, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "たか.い、たか、-だか、たか.まる、たか.める", "m": "tall; high; expensive", "pm": "tall", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "冋", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "desert"}], "hc": "top hat; mouth; alien; hood; mouth", "hk": "tall", "hs": "Recalling an image from frame 195, first see the <i>mouth</i> under the extraterrestrial's glass <i>hood</i> , and then the <i>mouth</i> under the <i>top hat</i> of one of his mates who has tried on the strange earthling's headgear only to find that it makes him look much, much <b>taller</b> than everyone else.", "ks": "Two little aliens in a trenchcoat and <i>top hat</i> , trying to look <b>TALL</b>. The bottom one, in the glass helmet, is under the coat. The top one has his top hat pulled down in disguise, so all you can see is his mouth.", "v": [{"w": "高い", "rd": "たかい", "mn": "high; tall", "fr": 377}, {"w": "最高", "rd": "さいこう", "mn": "best; supreme; wonderful; finest", "fr": 615}, {"w": "高校", "rd": "こうこう", "mn": "senior high school; high school", "fr": 1781}, {"w": "高さ", "rd": "たかさ", "mn": "height; altitude; elevation; level", "fr": 3085}, {"w": "高校生", "rd": "こうこうせい", "mn": "senior high school student", "fr": 3218}, {"w": "高まる", "rd": "たかまる", "mn": "to rise; to swell; to be promoted", "fr": 3888}, {"w": "可能性が高い", "rd": "かのうせいがたかい", "mn": "very likely; very probable", "fr": 3900}, {"w": "高", "rd": "たか", "mn": "quantity; amount; volume; number; amount of money", "fr": 4044}, {"w": "高める", "rd": "たかめる", "mn": "to raise; to lift; to boost; to enhance", "fr": 4163}, {"w": "高級", "rd": "こうきゅう", "mn": "high-class; high-grade; high-quality; high-end; luxury", "fr": 4209}, {"w": "高度", "rd": "こうど", "mn": "altitude; height; elevation", "fr": 5027}, {"w": "高速", "rd": "こうそく", "mn": "high-speed; rapid; express", "fr": 5392}, {"w": "高価", "rd": "こうか", "mn": "highly priced; expensive; valuable; costly", "fr": 7175}, {"w": "女子高生", "rd": "じょしこうせい", "mn": "female high school student", "fr": 7513}, {"w": "甲高い", "rd": "かんだかい", "mn": "high-pitched; shrill", "fr": 9203}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 848, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "明", "g": 2, "o": 105, "f": 67, "j": null, "on": "メイ、ミョウ、ミン", "kun": "あ.かり、あか.るい、あか.るむ、あか.らむ、あき.らか、あ.ける、-あ.け、あ.く、あ.くる、あ.かす", "m": "bright; light", "pm": "bright", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "sun; day; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "bright", "hs": "Among nature's <b>bright</b> lights, there are two that the biblical myth has God set in the sky: the <i>sun</i> to rule over the day and the <i>moon</i> to rule the night. Each of them has come to represent one of the common connotations of this key word: the <i>sun</i> , the <b>bright</b> insight of the clear thinker, and the <i>moon</i> , the <b>bright</b> intuition of the poet and the seer (see frame 13).", "ks": "The sun makes the moon <b>bright</b>.", "v": [{"w": "明日", "rd": "あした", "mn": "tomorrow", "fr": 368}, {"w": "説明", "rd": "せつめい", "mn": "explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend", "fr": 533}, {"w": "明るい", "rd": "あかるい", "mn": "light; bright; well-lit; well-lighted", "fr": 1219}, {"w": "明らか", "rd": "あきらか", "mn": "clear; obvious; evident; plain; definite", "fr": 1565}, {"w": "証明", "rd": "しょうめい", "mn": "proof; testimony; demonstration; verification; certification", "fr": 1624}, {"w": "不明", "rd": "ふめい", "mn": "unclear; obscure; indistinct; uncertain; ambiguous", "fr": 2615}, {"w": "明かり", "rd": "あかり", "mn": "light; glow; gleam", "fr": 3703}, {"w": "行方不明", "rd": "ゆくえふめい", "mn": "missing (of a person); lost; unaccounted for; whereabouts unknown", "fr": 3792}, {"w": "明確", "rd": "めいかく", "mn": "clear; precise; definite; distinct", "fr": 3870}, {"w": "明かす", "rd": "あかす", "mn": "to pass (the night); to spend", "fr": 4111}, {"w": "判明", "rd": "はんめい", "mn": "establishing; proving; ascertaining; identifying; confirming", "fr": 4179}, {"w": "打ち明ける", "rd": "うちあける", "mn": "to confide; to reveal; to disclose; to lay bare; to speak frankly; to open (one'", "fr": 4457}, {"w": "透明", "rd": "とうめい", "mn": "transparent; clear", "fr": 4807}, {"w": "明後日", "rd": "あさって", "mn": "day after tomorrow", "fr": 5996}, {"w": "照明", "rd": "しょうめい", "mn": "illumination; lighting", "fr": 6155}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 85, "rp": 27, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "京", "g": 2, "o": 106, "f": 74, "j": null, "on": "キョウ、ケイ、キン", "kun": "みやこ", "m": "capital; 10**16", "pm": "capital", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}], "hc": "tall; top hat; mouth; small; little", "hk": "capital", "hs": "When we think of a <b>capital</b>  city today we think of <i>tall</i>  skyscrapers dwarfing the endless swarms of <i>little</i>  folk scurrying here and there about their business.", "ks": "Both the tall and the small are found in the capital.", "v": [{"w": "東京", "rd": "とうきょう", "mn": "Tokyo", "fr": 1492}, {"w": "京都", "rd": "きょうと", "mn": "Kyoto (city, prefecture)", "fr": 7771}, {"w": "京", "rd": "きょう", "mn": "imperial capital (esp. Kyoto)", "fr": 13437}, {"w": "上京", "rd": "じょうきょう", "mn": "going (up) to the capital; going to Tokyo", "fr": 15916}, {"w": "帰京", "rd": "ききょう", "mn": "returning (home) to Tokyo; returning to the capital", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "中京", "rd": "ちゅうきょう", "mn": "Nagoya (city)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "京阪", "rd": "けいはん", "mn": "Kyoto and Osaka; Kyoto-Osaka area", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "北京", "rd": "ペキン", "mn": "Beijing (China); Peking", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "在京", "rd": "ざいきょう", "mn": "being in the capital (i.e. Tokyo, or formerly Kyoto)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "東京証券取引所", "rd": "とうきょうしょうけんとりひきじょ", "mn": "Tokyo Stock Exchange; TSE", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 843, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "通", "g": 2, "o": 107, "f": 80, "j": null, "on": "ツウ、ツ", "kun": "とお.る、とお.り、-とお.り、-どお.り、とお.す、とお.し、-どお.し、かよ.う", "m": "traffic; pass through; avenue; commute; counter for letters, notes, documents, etc.", "pm": "traffic", "r": [{"c": "甬", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "road with walls on both sides"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "pogo stick; chop-seal; hanko; utilise; utilize; road", "hk": "traffic", "hs": "<i>Chop-seal</i> . . . <i>utilize</i> . . . <i>road</i>. By combining the first two primitives into a single image, you will be able to use that image in a few instances later, one of which comes immediately.", "ks": "MA （マ） drinks one too many screwdriver s and then drives off down the road. Unfortunately, she's so inebriated she causes a traffic accident.", "v": [{"w": "普通", "rd": "ふつう", "mn": "normal; ordinary; regular; usual; common; average", "fr": 382}, {"w": "通る", "rd": "とおる", "mn": "to go by; to go past; to go along; to travel along; to pass through; to use (a r", "fr": 834}, {"w": "通す", "rd": "とおす", "mn": "to let pass; to allow through; to let through; to make way (for)", "fr": 1067}, {"w": "通う", "rd": "かよう", "mn": "to go to and from (a place); to go back and forth between; to run between (e.g. ", "fr": 1191}, {"w": "通り", "rd": "とおり", "mn": "street; road; avenue; thoroughfare", "fr": 1322}, {"w": "通じる", "rd": "つうじる", "mn": "to be open (to traffic); to lead to; to communicate (with)", "fr": 1379}, {"w": "通常", "rd": "つうじょう", "mn": "usual; ordinary; normal; regular; general; common", "fr": 3119}, {"w": "通用", "rd": "つうよう", "mn": "(common) use (of a language, currency, etc.); current use; circulation; currency", "fr": 3140}, {"w": "通報", "rd": "つうほう", "mn": "report; notification; tip; bulletin", "fr": 3961}, {"w": "共通", "rd": "きょうつう", "mn": "common; shared; mutual", "fr": 4320}, {"w": "いつも通り", "rd": "いつもどおり", "mn": "as always; as usual", "fr": 4441}, {"w": "通路", "rd": "つうろ", "mn": "passage; pathway; roadway; avenue; aisle", "fr": 4662}, {"w": "通り過ぎる", "rd": "とおりすぎる", "mn": "to go past; to pass; to pass by", "fr": 4750}, {"w": "通過", "rd": "つうか", "mn": "passing through (a tunnel, station, town, etc.); passing by (e.g. of a typhoon);", "fr": 4957}, {"w": "通信", "rd": "つうしん", "mn": "correspondence; communication; transmission; news; signal; telecommunications", "fr": 4975}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 195, "rp": 55, "l": 13, "n": ""}}, {"k": "外", "g": 2, "o": 108, "f": 81, "j": null, "on": "ガイ、ゲ", "kun": "そと、ほか、はず.す、はず.れる、と-", "m": "outside", "pm": "outside", "r": [{"c": "夕", "nj": "ゆうべ", "ne": "evening"}, {"c": "卜", "nj": "ぼく", "ne": "oracle"}], "hc": "evening; magic wand; augury", "hk": "outside", "hs": "On the left, the primitive for <i>evening</i> , and on the right, that for the <i>magic wand</i>. Now, as every magician worth his abracadabra knows, bringing your <i>magic wand</i> out into the <i>evening</i> air makes your magic much more powerful than if you were to stay indoors. Hence, <i>evening</i> and <i>magic wand</i> takes you naturally <b>outside</b>.", "ks": "Outside in the dark of evening, only a magic wand can help you.", "v": [{"w": "外", "rd": "がい", "mn": "outside ...; beyond ...; not included in ...", "fr": 360}, {"w": "以外", "rd": "いがい", "mn": "excluding; except (for); apart from; other than; besides; in addition to", "fr": 430}, {"w": "意外", "rd": "いがい", "mn": "unexpected; surprising", "fr": 743}, {"w": "外す", "rd": "はずす", "mn": "to remove; to take off; to detach; to unfasten; to undo", "fr": 1011}, {"w": "外れる", "rd": "はずれる", "mn": "to be disconnected; to get out of place; to be off; to be out (e.g. of gear)", "fr": 1784}, {"w": "案外", "rd": "あんがい", "mn": "unexpectedly; surprisingly", "fr": 2265}, {"w": "海外", "rd": "かいがい", "mn": "foreign; abroad; overseas", "fr": 2916}, {"w": "予想外", "rd": "よそうがい", "mn": "unexpected; unforeseen; strange", "fr": 3842}, {"w": "外出", "rd": "がいしゅつ", "mn": "going out; outing; leaving (one's home, office, etc.)", "fr": 4042}, {"w": "例外", "rd": "れいがい", "mn": "exception", "fr": 4047}, {"w": "外見", "rd": "がいけん", "mn": "outward appearance; looks", "fr": 4114}, {"w": "外部", "rd": "がいぶ", "mn": "outside (e.g. of a building); exterior", "fr": 4621}, {"w": "外国", "rd": "がいこく", "mn": "foreign country", "fr": 5002}, {"w": "外側", "rd": "そとがわ", "mn": "exterior; outside; outer; external; lateral", "fr": 5710}, {"w": "心外", "rd": "しんがい", "mn": "regrettable; vexing; upsetting", "fr": 8218}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 836, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "言", "g": 2, "o": 109, "f": 83, "j": null, "on": "ゲン、ゴン", "kun": "い.う、こと", "m": "say; word", "pm": "say", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "words; keitai; mouth", "hk": "say", "hs": "Of all the things we can do with our <i>mouths</i> , speech is the one that requires the greatest distinctness and clarity. Hence the kanji for <b>say</b> has four little sound-waves, indicating the complexity of the achievement.", "ks": "A pictogram of someone <b>saying</b> a <i>four</i> letter word from their <i>mouth</i> after the censors have gotten a hold of it.", "v": [{"w": "言う", "rd": "いう", "mn": "to say; to utter; to declare", "fr": 26}, {"w": "言葉", "rd": "ことば", "mn": "language; dialect", "fr": 252}, {"w": "言い方", "rd": "いいかた", "mn": "way of saying (something); way of putting it; wording; phrasing; language; expre", "fr": 1141}, {"w": "言い訳", "rd": "いいわけ", "mn": "excuse", "fr": 1676}, {"w": "言い出す", "rd": "いいだす", "mn": "to begin to say; to start talking; to broach (a matter); to bring up; to come ou", "fr": 1769}, {"w": "発言", "rd": "はつげん", "mn": "statement; remark; observation; utterance; speech; proposal", "fr": 2253}, {"w": "そう言う", "rd": "そういう", "mn": "such; like that; that sort of", "fr": 2263}, {"w": "一言", "rd": "ひとこと", "mn": "single word; a few words; brief comment", "fr": 2328}, {"w": "宣言", "rd": "せんげん", "mn": "declaration; proclamation; announcement", "fr": 2768}, {"w": "そう言った", "rd": "そういった", "mn": "like that; this type", "fr": 3095}, {"w": "言い切る", "rd": "いいきる", "mn": "to declare; to assert; to state definitively", "fr": 3399}, {"w": "無言", "rd": "むごん", "mn": "silence (not speaking); muteness", "fr": 3693}, {"w": "証言", "rd": "しょうげん", "mn": "testimony; (verbal) evidence", "fr": 4353}, {"w": "断言", "rd": "だんげん", "mn": "assertion; declaration; affirmation", "fr": 4421}, {"w": "と言う", "rd": "という", "mn": "called; named; that says; that", "fr": 4549}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1029, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "理", "g": 2, "o": 110, "f": 86, "j": null, "on": "リ", "kun": "ことわり", "m": "logic; arrangement; reason; justice; truth", "pm": "logic", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "里", "nj": "さと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "king; jewel; ball; computer", "hk": "logic", "hs": "We first referred to this character back in frame 185, to which you might want to return to have a peek. The image of <b>logic</b> we are given is something like a central <i>jewel</i> in a <i>computer</i> , like the <i>jewels</i> in old clocks that keep them running smoothly. Try to picture yourself making your way through all the rams and roms and approaching this shining <i>jewel</i> , a chorus of voice sand a blast of trumpets in the background heralding the great seat of all- knowing <b>logic</b>.", "ks": "The king of <b>LOGIC</b> is the computer.", "v": [{"w": "無理", "rd": "むり", "mn": "unreasonable; unnatural; unjustifiable", "fr": 254}, {"w": "理由", "rd": "りゆう", "mn": "reason; grounds; pretext; excuse; motive", "fr": 384}, {"w": "理解", "rd": "りかい", "mn": "understanding; comprehension; appreciation", "fr": 706}, {"w": "料理", "rd": "りょうり", "mn": "cooking; cookery; cuisine; food; dish", "fr": 938}, {"w": "管理", "rd": "かんり", "mn": "control; management (e.g. of a business)", "fr": 2147}, {"w": "理想", "rd": "りそう", "mn": "ideal; ideals", "fr": 2224}, {"w": "整理", "rd": "せいり", "mn": "sorting; arrangement; organization; putting in order; adjustment; regulation", "fr": 2242}, {"w": "処理", "rd": "しょり", "mn": "processing; dealing with; treatment; disposition; disposal", "fr": 2435}, {"w": "無理やり", "rd": "むりやり", "mn": "forcibly; by force; against one's will", "fr": 2578}, {"w": "理屈", "rd": "りくつ", "mn": "theory; reason; logic", "fr": 2992}, {"w": "理不尽", "rd": "りふじん", "mn": "unreasonable; irrational; outrageous; absurd", "fr": 3892}, {"w": "義理", "rd": "ぎり", "mn": "duty; sense of duty; honor; honour; decency; courtesy; debt of gratitude; social", "fr": 4466}, {"w": "理性", "rd": "りせい", "mn": "reason; reasoning power; (one's) sense", "fr": 4539}, {"w": "修理", "rd": "しゅうり", "mn": "repair; mending; fixing; servicing", "fr": 4649}, {"w": "無理矢理", "rd": "むりやり", "mn": "forcibly; by force; against one's will", "fr": 5810}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 194, "rp": 51, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "体", "g": 2, "o": 111, "f": 88, "j": null, "on": "タイ、テイ", "kun": "からだ、かたち", "m": "body; substance; object; reality; counter for images", "pm": "body", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "本", "nj": "ホン", "ne": "book"}], "hc": "person; origin; book; tree; wood; one", "hk": "body", "hs": "Person . . . book.", "ks": "MR. T's fitness BOOK: How to Get a Body Like Mine.", "v": [{"w": "体", "rd": "からだ", "mn": "body", "fr": 312}, {"w": "一体", "rd": "いったい", "mn": "(what) the heck; (why) in the world; (who) on earth; (where) the hell; (how) the", "fr": 577}, {"w": "大体", "rd": "だいたい", "mn": "generally; on the whole; mostly; almost; nearly; approximately; roughly; about", "fr": 1315}, {"w": "正体", "rd": "しょうたい", "mn": "true character; true form; true colors; identity; truth (of a mystery, phenomeno", "fr": 1543}, {"w": "自体", "rd": "じたい", "mn": "itself", "fr": 1750}, {"w": "全体", "rd": "ぜんたい", "mn": "whole; entirety", "fr": 1827}, {"w": "体力", "rd": "たいりょく", "mn": "physical strength; power; stamina; endurance; vigor; resistance to disease", "fr": 2061}, {"w": "具体的", "rd": "ぐたいてき", "mn": "concrete; definite; specific; material; substantial", "fr": 2286}, {"w": "体調", "rd": "たいちょう", "mn": "physical condition; state of health; shape", "fr": 2374}, {"w": "体験", "rd": "たいけん", "mn": "(practical) experience; personal experience; hands-on experience; first-hand exp", "fr": 2502}, {"w": "死体", "rd": "したい", "mn": "dead body; corpse; cadaver; carcass", "fr": 2752}, {"w": "身体", "rd": "しんたい", "mn": "body; physical system; (the) person", "fr": 2943}, {"w": "肉体", "rd": "にくたい", "mn": "the body; the flesh; the outer man; one's physique", "fr": 3081}, {"w": "体重", "rd": "たいじゅう", "mn": "(body) weight", "fr": 4041}, {"w": "体勢", "rd": "たいせい", "mn": "posture; position; stance", "fr": 4204}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 260, "rp": 26, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "当", "g": 2, "o": 112, "f": 91, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "あ.たる、あ.たり、あ.てる、あ.て、まさ.に、まさ.にべし", "m": "hit; right; appropriate; himself", "pm": "hit", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}], "hc": "small; broom", "hk": "hit", "hs": "Little . . . broom.", "ks": "Some mothers use a <i>small broom</i> to <b>hit</b> their children when they misbehave.", "v": [{"w": "本当", "rd": "ほんとう", "mn": "truth; reality; actuality; fact", "fr": 143}, {"w": "本当に", "rd": "ほんとうに", "mn": "really; truly", "fr": 245}, {"w": "当然", "rd": "とうぜん", "mn": "natural; right; proper; just; reasonable; appropriate; deserved", "fr": 603}, {"w": "当たる", "rd": "あたる", "mn": "to be hit; to strike", "fr": 648}, {"w": "当たり前", "rd": "あたりまえ", "mn": "natural; reasonable; obvious", "fr": 692}, {"w": "相当", "rd": "そうとう", "mn": "corresponding to (in meaning, function, etc.); being equivalent to", "fr": 1136}, {"w": "担当", "rd": "たんとう", "mn": "being in charge (of an area of responsibility); being responsible (for a work ro", "fr": 1273}, {"w": "適当", "rd": "てきとう", "mn": "suitable; proper; appropriate; adequate; fit; fair", "fr": 1297}, {"w": "当時", "rd": "とうじ", "mn": "at that time; in those days", "fr": 1431}, {"w": "当てる", "rd": "あてる", "mn": "to hit", "fr": 1511}, {"w": "当日", "rd": "とうじつ", "mn": "day in question; appointed day; that very day; the day (of issue, publication, e", "fr": 3001}, {"w": "心当たり", "rd": "こころあたり", "mn": "having in mind; happening to know (of); idea (of); inkling", "fr": 3022}, {"w": "お弁当", "rd": "おべんとう", "mn": "bento", "fr": 3065}, {"w": "目当て", "rd": "めあて", "mn": "mark; guide; landmark", "fr": 3618}, {"w": "見当たる", "rd": "みあたる", "mn": "to be found", "fr": 3685}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 138, "rp": 21, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "首", "g": 2, "o": 113, "f": 98, "j": null, "on": "シュ", "kun": "くび", "m": "neck; counter for songs and poems", "pm": "neck", "r": [{"c": "自", "nj": "みずから", "ne": "self"}], "hc": "horns; nose; one; ceiling; drop; eye", "hk": "neck", "hs": "Reading this kanji from the top down, we have: <i>horns</i> . . . <i>nose</i>. Together they bring to mind the picture of a moose-head hanging on the den wall, with its great <i>horns</i> and long <i>nose</i>. Now while we would speak of cutting off a moose's  \"head\" to hang on the wall, the Japanese speak of cutting off its <b>neck</b>. It's all a matter of how you look at it. Anyway, if you let the word <b>neck</b> conjure up the image of a moose with a very l-o-n-g <b>neck</b> hanging over the fireplace, whose <i>horns</i> you use for a coat-rack and whose <i>nose</i> has spigots left and right for scotch and water, you should have no trouble with the character. Here we get a good look at what we mentioned when we first introduced the element for <i>horns</i> : that they can never be left floating free and require an extra horizontal stroke to prevent that from happening, as is the case here.", "ks": "The mooses neck supports it's big horns and long nose.", "v": [{"w": "首", "rd": "くび", "mn": "neck", "fr": 966}, {"w": "手首", "rd": "てくび", "mn": "wrist", "fr": 4553}, {"w": "乳首", "rd": "ちくび", "mn": "nipple; teat", "fr": 8094}, {"w": "足首", "rd": "あしくび", "mn": "ankle", "fr": 9016}, {"w": "自首", "rd": "じしゅ", "mn": "surrender (to the authorities); giving oneself up; turning oneself in", "fr": 12539}, {"w": "首都", "rd": "しゅと", "mn": "capital (city); metropolis", "fr": 12942}, {"w": "首尾", "rd": "しゅび", "mn": "beginning and end; from beginning to end", "fr": 18885}, {"w": "首領", "rd": "しゅりょう", "mn": "head; chief; boss; leader", "fr": 23504}, {"w": "首席", "rd": "しゅせき", "mn": "head; chief", "fr": 24028}, {"w": "元首", "rd": "げんしゅ", "mn": "sovereign; ruler; head of state", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "部首", "rd": "ぶしゅ", "mn": "radical (of a kanji character)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "首相", "rd": "しゅしょう", "mn": "prime minister; chancellor (Germany, Austria, etc.); premier", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "首脳", "rd": "しゅのう", "mn": "head; leader; top", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "首飾り", "rd": "くびかざり", "mn": "necklace; choker", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一首", "rd": "いっしゅ", "mn": "one tanka; one poem", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 192, "rp": 48, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "来", "g": 2, "o": 114, "f": 102, "j": null, "on": "ライ、タイ", "kun": "く.る、きた.る、きた.す、き.たす、き.たる、き、こ", "m": "come; due; next; cause; become", "pm": "come", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}], "hc": "not yet; animal horns", "hk": "come", "hs": "This odd but common kanji is built up of the character for <i>not yet</i> into which a pair of <i>animal horns</i> has been inserted.", "ks": "You <i>horny</i> bastard, don't <b>come</b> , at least <i>not yet</i>!", "v": [{"w": "来る", "rd": "くる", "mn": "to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive", "fr": 56}, {"w": "未来", "rd": "みらい", "mn": "(distant) future", "fr": 813}, {"w": "出来る", "rd": "できる", "mn": "to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do)", "fr": 1044}, {"w": "以来", "rd": "いらい", "mn": "since; henceforth", "fr": 1368}, {"w": "本来", "rd": "ほんらい", "mn": "originally; primarily", "fr": 1457}, {"w": "将来", "rd": "しょうらい", "mn": "future; (future) prospects", "fr": 1556}, {"w": "出来事", "rd": "できごと", "mn": "occurrence; happening; incident; event", "fr": 2084}, {"w": "やって来る", "rd": "やってくる", "mn": "to come along; to come around; to turn up", "fr": 2407}, {"w": "来週", "rd": "らいしゅう", "mn": "next week", "fr": 2603}, {"w": "来年", "rd": "らいねん", "mn": "next year", "fr": 2800}, {"w": "来", "rd": "らい", "mn": "next (year, spring, etc.); coming", "fr": 3416}, {"w": "出来", "rd": "しゅったい", "mn": "occurrence; happening; taking place", "fr": 3872}, {"w": "来月", "rd": "らいげつ", "mn": "next month", "fr": 4758}, {"w": "出来上がる", "rd": "できあがる", "mn": "to be completed; to be finished; to be ready (e.g. to serve or eat)", "fr": 5141}, {"w": "連れて来る", "rd": "つれてくる", "mn": "to bring someone along", "fr": 6185}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 158, "rp": 27, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "作", "g": 2, "o": 115, "f": 103, "j": null, "on": "サク、サ", "kun": "つく.る、つく.り、-づく.り", "m": "make; production; prepare; build", "pm": "make", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "乍", "nj": "サ", "ne": "though"}], "hc": "person; saw", "hk": "make", "hs": "Person . . . saw.", "ks": "Mr. T can make anything with his trusty saw.", "v": [{"w": "作る", "rd": "つくる", "mn": "to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct", "fr": 170}, {"w": "作戦", "rd": "さくせん", "mn": "tactics; strategy", "fr": 1422}, {"w": "作業", "rd": "さぎょう", "mn": "work; operation; task", "fr": 1677}, {"w": "作品", "rd": "さくひん", "mn": "work (e.g. book, film, painting, composition); piece; production; opus", "fr": 1882}, {"w": "作り", "rd": "つくり", "mn": "making; producing; manufacturing; building; construction; make; structure", "fr": 2527}, {"w": "操作", "rd": "そうさ", "mn": "operation; management; handling", "fr": 2825}, {"w": "作り出す", "rd": "つくりだす", "mn": "to manufacture; to produce; to raise (crops)", "fr": 4106}, {"w": "手作り", "rd": "てづくり", "mn": "handmade; handcrafted; homemade; homegrown", "fr": 4379}, {"w": "動作", "rd": "どうさ", "mn": "movement (of the body); action; motion; gesture", "fr": 4647}, {"w": "作", "rd": "さく", "mn": "work (e.g. of art); piece; production", "fr": 4702}, {"w": "作り上げる", "rd": "つくりあげる", "mn": "to build up; to complete; to construct; to create; to put together", "fr": 4997}, {"w": "新作", "rd": "しんさく", "mn": "new work; new production; new composition; new creation; new title", "fr": 5217}, {"w": "制作", "rd": "せいさく", "mn": "work (film, book)", "fr": 5477}, {"w": "作家", "rd": "さっか", "mn": "author; writer; novelist; artist", "fr": 5506}, {"w": "作成", "rd": "さくせい", "mn": "making (a report, plan, contract, etc.); drawing up; writing out; preparing; cre", "fr": 5899}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 229, "rp": 22, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "用", "g": 2, "o": 116, "f": 107, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "もち.いる", "m": "utilize; business; service; use; employ", "pm": "utilize", "r": [{"c": "用", "nj": "もちいる", "ne": "to use"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; walking stick", "hk": "utilize", "hs": "<i>Meat</i> . . . <i>walking stick</i>. Be sure to keep this key word distinct from that for <i>use</i> (Frame 1065). The stroke order is exactly as you would expect it from the order of the primitive elements as given.", "ks": "When your flesh is weak you must utilize a walking stick.", "v": [{"w": "用", "rd": "よう", "mn": "business; task; errand; engagement", "fr": 520}, {"w": "用意", "rd": "ようい", "mn": "preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)", "fr": 532}, {"w": "利用", "rd": "りよう", "mn": "use; utilization; utilisation; application", "fr": 987}, {"w": "信用", "rd": "しんよう", "mn": "confidence; trust; faith; reputation", "fr": 1568}, {"w": "用事", "rd": "ようじ", "mn": "business; things to do; engagement; errand; affairs", "fr": 1640}, {"w": "使用", "rd": "しよう", "mn": "use; application; employment; utilization; utilisation", "fr": 2078}, {"w": "用件", "rd": "ようけん", "mn": "business; thing to be done; something that should be performed; information that", "fr": 3116}, {"w": "通用", "rd": "つうよう", "mn": "(common) use (of a language, currency, etc.); current use; circulation; currency", "fr": 3140}, {"w": "器用", "rd": "きよう", "mn": "skillful; skilful; adroit; dexterous; dextrous; deft; nimble; handy", "fr": 3593}, {"w": "専用", "rd": "せんよう", "mn": "(one's) exclusive use; private use; personal use", "fr": 3836}, {"w": "無用", "rd": "むよう", "mn": "useless; futile", "fr": 4057}, {"w": "不器用", "rd": "ぶきよう", "mn": "clumsy; awkward; unskillful", "fr": 4239}, {"w": "採用", "rd": "さいよう", "mn": "use; adoption; acceptance", "fr": 4446}, {"w": "用いる", "rd": "もちいる", "mn": "to use; to make use of; to utilize; to utilise", "fr": 5145}, {"w": "費用", "rd": "ひよう", "mn": "cost; expense", "fr": 6220}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 221, "rp": 20, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "強", "g": 2, "o": 117, "f": 112, "j": null, "on": "キョウ、ゴウ", "kun": "つよ.い、つよ.まる、つよ.める、し.いる、こわ.い", "m": "strong", "pm": "strong", "r": [{"c": "弓", "nj": "ゆみ", "ne": "bow （in archery）"}, {"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}, {"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}], "hc": "bow; elbow; insect", "hk": "strong", "hs": "<i>Vast</i> . . . <i>insect</i>. Note how the <i>elbow</i> of <i>vast</i> is shrunken and elevated to make room for the <i>insect</i> beneath.", "ks": "An insect who can fly vast distances is <b>strong</b>.", "v": [{"w": "強い", "rd": "つよい", "mn": "strong; potent; competent; domineering; tough", "fr": 244}, {"w": "勉強", "rd": "べんきょう", "mn": "study", "fr": 777}, {"w": "強さ", "rd": "つよさ", "mn": "strength; power", "fr": 2053}, {"w": "強引", "rd": "ごういん", "mn": "overbearing; coercive; pushy; forcible; high-handed", "fr": 2135}, {"w": "最強", "rd": "さいきょう", "mn": "strongest", "fr": 2344}, {"w": "強力", "rd": "きょうりょく", "mn": "powerful; strong", "fr": 3052}, {"w": "強烈", "rd": "きょうれつ", "mn": "strong; intense; severe", "fr": 3311}, {"w": "力強い", "rd": "ちからづよい", "mn": "powerful; strong; forceful; vigorous", "fr": 3709}, {"w": "強化", "rd": "きょうか", "mn": "strengthening; intensifying; reinforcement; enhancement; solidification", "fr": 3903}, {"w": "心強い", "rd": "こころづよい", "mn": "heartening; reassuring", "fr": 4099}, {"w": "強制", "rd": "きょうせい", "mn": "compulsion; coercion; forcing (to do); enforcement", "fr": 4429}, {"w": "強いる", "rd": "しいる", "mn": "to force; to compel; to coerce; to press; to impose", "fr": 4616}, {"w": "強制的", "rd": "きょうせいてき", "mn": "forced; compulsory", "fr": 6139}, {"w": "強気", "rd": "つよき", "mn": "confident; assured; self-assured; firm; strong; cocksure", "fr": 6310}, {"w": "強請る", "rd": "ねだる", "mn": "to beg; to pester; to plead; to coax; to hound; to importune", "fr": 6425}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 194, "rp": 22, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "公", "g": 2, "o": 118, "f": 118, "j": null, "on": "コウ、ク", "kun": "おおやけ", "m": "public; prince; official; governmental", "pm": "public", "r": [{"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}, {"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}], "hc": "eight; elbow", "hk": "public", "hs": "<i>Come in</i> . . . <i>elbows</i>. Use the key word in its adjectival sense, not as a noun.", "ks": "I always open the doors to the <b>public</b> restrooms with my elbows because I don't want to touch the door with my hands.", "v": [{"w": "公園", "rd": "こうえん", "mn": "(public) park", "fr": 2244}, {"w": "主人公", "rd": "しゅじんこう", "mn": "protagonist; main character; hero; heroine", "fr": 3243}, {"w": "公", "rd": "おおやけ", "mn": "official; governmental; formal", "fr": 4520}, {"w": "公開", "rd": "こうかい", "mn": "opening to the public; making available to the public; exhibiting; unveiling; re", "fr": 4985}, {"w": "公式", "rd": "こうしき", "mn": "official; formal", "fr": 6244}, {"w": "不公平", "rd": "ふこうへい", "mn": "unfairness; injustice; partiality", "fr": 7499}, {"w": "公表", "rd": "こうひょう", "mn": "official announcement; proclamation", "fr": 7645}, {"w": "公平", "rd": "こうへい", "mn": "fairness; impartiality; justice; objectivity", "fr": 7703}, {"w": "公衆", "rd": "こうしゅう", "mn": "the public; general public", "fr": 13004}, {"w": "公認", "rd": "こうにん", "mn": "official recognition; official approval; certification; authorization; authorisa", "fr": 13975}, {"w": "公演", "rd": "こうえん", "mn": "public performance", "fr": 14354}, {"w": "公務員", "rd": "こうむいん", "mn": "public employee; government employee; public-sector worker; public servant; civi", "fr": 16881}, {"w": "公言", "rd": "こうげん", "mn": "declaration; profession", "fr": 18457}, {"w": "公正", "rd": "こうせい", "mn": "justice; fairness; impartiality", "fr": 18658}, {"w": "公衆電話", "rd": "こうしゅうでんわ", "mn": "public telephone; pay phone", "fr": 22477}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 168, "rp": 61, "l": 10, "n": ""}}, {"k": "野", "g": 2, "o": 119, "f": 120, "j": null, "on": "ヤ、ショ", "kun": "の、の-", "m": "plains; field; rustic; civilian life", "pm": "plains", "r": [{"c": "里", "nj": "さと", "ne": "village"}, {"c": "予", "nj": "ヨ", "ne": "beforehand"}], "hc": "computer; beforehand", "hk": "plains", "hs": "This character refers to rustic life and rustic fields primarily, and from there gets derived meanings. Its elements: <i>computer</i>. . <i>beforehand</i>.", "ks": "These days we all work in front of computers. Beforehand we all worked out in the fields, in the <b>plains</b>.", "v": [{"w": "野郎", "rd": "やろう", "mn": "guy; fellow; chap; buddy", "fr": 1250}, {"w": "野菜", "rd": "やさい", "mn": "vegetable", "fr": 2766}, {"w": "野球", "rd": "やきゅう", "mn": "baseball", "fr": 6166}, {"w": "分野", "rd": "ぶんや", "mn": "field; sphere; realm; division; branch", "fr": 7473}, {"w": "野", "rd": "の", "mn": "field; plain", "fr": 7586}, {"w": "野望", "rd": "やぼう", "mn": "ambition; aspiration", "fr": 8700}, {"w": "野生", "rd": "やせい", "mn": "wild", "fr": 9312}, {"w": "視野", "rd": "しや", "mn": "field of vision; view", "fr": 9649}, {"w": "野暮", "rd": "やぼ", "mn": "boorish; unsophisticated; unrefined; uncouth; tasteless; insensitive; thoughtles", "fr": 10137}, {"w": "野蛮", "rd": "やばん", "mn": "savage; barbarous; barbaric; uncivilized; uncivilised", "fr": 11014}, {"w": "野放し", "rd": "のばなし", "mn": "pasturing (e.g. cattle); letting (an animal) run loose", "fr": 11669}, {"w": "荒野", "rd": "あれの", "mn": "wasteland; wilderness; deserted land; prairie; vast plain; wilds; desert; wild l", "fr": 13288}, {"w": "野心", "rd": "やしん", "mn": "ambition; aspiration", "fr": 13927}, {"w": "野獣", "rd": "やじゅう", "mn": "wild beast; wild animal; brute", "fr": 15164}, {"w": "野球部", "rd": "やきゅうぶ", "mn": "baseball club (at a university, corporation, etc.); baseball team", "fr": 15696}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 51, "rp": 97, "l": 24, "n": "地理"}}, {"k": "思", "g": 2, "o": 120, "f": 132, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "おも.う、おもえら.く、おぼ.す", "m": "think", "pm": "think", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "rice field; brains; heart", "hk": "think", "hs": "Brains . . . heart.", "ks": "<b>Think</b> with your <i>brain</i> NOT your <i>heart</i>.", "v": [{"w": "思う", "rd": "おもう", "mn": "to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon", "fr": 34}, {"w": "思い出す", "rd": "おもいだす", "mn": "to recall; to remember; to recollect", "fr": 374}, {"w": "思い", "rd": "おもい", "mn": "thought", "fr": 640}, {"w": "不思議", "rd": "ふしぎ", "mn": "wonderful; marvelous; strange; incredible; amazing; curious; miraculous; mysteri", "fr": 681}, {"w": "思われる", "rd": "おもわれる", "mn": "to seem; to appear", "fr": 969}, {"w": "思い出", "rd": "おもいで", "mn": "memories; recollections; reminiscence", "fr": 1311}, {"w": "思いつく", "rd": "おもいつく", "mn": "to think of; to hit upon; to come into one's mind; to be struck with an idea", "fr": 1632}, {"w": "思わず", "rd": "おもわず", "mn": "unconsciously; involuntarily; instinctively; reflexively; spontaneously; uninten", "fr": 2014}, {"w": "意思", "rd": "いし", "mn": "intention; wish; purpose; mind (to do)", "fr": 2046}, {"w": "思考", "rd": "しこう", "mn": "thought; consideration; thinking", "fr": 2860}, {"w": "思いっきり", "rd": "おもいっきり", "mn": "to one's heart's content; as much as one wants; as hard as one can; with all one", "fr": 3071}, {"w": "思い込む", "rd": "おもいこむ", "mn": "to be convinced (that); to be under the impression (that); to feel sure (that); ", "fr": 3223}, {"w": "思い切る", "rd": "おもいきる", "mn": "to give up (all thoughts of); to abandon; to despair of", "fr": 4763}, {"w": "思惑", "rd": "おもわく", "mn": "expectation; anticipation; prediction; forecast; calculations", "fr": 5314}, {"w": "思い当たる", "rd": "おもいあたる", "mn": "to suddenly understand (esp. on basis of experience or memory); to come to mind;", "fr": 5711}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 874, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "家", "g": 2, "o": 121, "f": 133, "j": null, "on": "カ、ケ", "kun": "いえ、や、うち", "m": "house; home; family; professional; expert; performer", "pm": "house", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "豕", "nj": "いのこ", "ne": "pig"}], "hc": "sow; pig", "hk": "house", "hs": "This is the full character whose primitive form we learned already. To help a little, this kanji recalls the times when the \"domestic\" animals were, as the word itself suggests, really kept in the <b>house</b>. Hence: <i>house</i> . . . <i>sow</i>.", "ks": "Miss piggy in the hooooooooooooooooouse.", "v": [{"w": "家", "rd": "いえ", "mn": "house; residence; dwelling; home", "fr": 198}, {"w": "家族", "rd": "かぞく", "mn": "family", "fr": 526}, {"w": "実家", "rd": "じっか", "mn": "(one's parents') home", "fr": 1979}, {"w": "家庭", "rd": "かてい", "mn": "home; household; family; hearth", "fr": 2753}, {"w": "一家", "rd": "いっか", "mn": "a family; a household; a home; one's family; whole family", "fr": 5083}, {"w": "お家", "rd": "おうち", "mn": "your home; your family; their home; their family", "fr": 5088}, {"w": "家事", "rd": "かじ", "mn": "housework; domestic chores", "fr": 5095}, {"w": "我が家", "rd": "わがや", "mn": "one's house; one's home; one's family", "fr": 5484}, {"w": "家出", "rd": "いえで", "mn": "running away from home; elopement", "fr": 5497}, {"w": "作家", "rd": "さっか", "mn": "author; writer; novelist; artist", "fr": 5506}, {"w": "国家", "rd": "こっか", "mn": "state; country; nation", "fr": 5991}, {"w": "家具", "rd": "かぐ", "mn": "furniture", "fr": 6843}, {"w": "専門家", "rd": "せんもんか", "mn": "specialist; expert; professional; authority; pundit", "fr": 7164}, {"w": "家賃", "rd": "やちん", "mn": "rent", "fr": 7226}, {"w": "政治家", "rd": "せいじか", "mn": "politician; statesman", "fr": 7632}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 593, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "話", "g": 2, "o": 122, "f": 134, "j": null, "on": "ワ", "kun": "はな.す、はなし", "m": "tale; talk", "pm": "tale", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "舌", "nj": "した", "ne": "tongue"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; tongue; thousand; mouth", "hk": "tale", "hs": "That the <i>words</i> of the <i>tongue</i> should come to mean a <b>tale</b> is clear from the etymology: a <b><i>tale</i></b> is something  \"talked,\" not something read from a book.", "ks": "Tale s are words from the tongue.", "v": [{"w": "話", "rd": "はなし", "mn": "talk; speech; chat; conversation", "fr": 102}, {"w": "話す", "rd": "はなす", "mn": "to talk; to speak; to converse; to chat", "fr": 181}, {"w": "電話", "rd": "でんわ", "mn": "telephone call; phone call", "fr": 654}, {"w": "お話", "rd": "おはなし", "mn": "story; tale", "fr": 941}, {"w": "会話", "rd": "かいわ", "mn": "conversation; talk; chat", "fr": 1277}, {"w": "お世話になる", "rd": "おせわになる", "mn": "to receive favor; to receive assistance; to receive help; to be looked after; to", "fr": 1299}, {"w": "話しかける", "rd": "はなしかける", "mn": "to address (someone); to accost a person; to talk (to someone)", "fr": 1753}, {"w": "話題", "rd": "わだい", "mn": "topic; subject", "fr": 2041}, {"w": "話し合う", "rd": "はなしあう", "mn": "to discuss; to talk together", "fr": 2377}, {"w": "世話", "rd": "せわ", "mn": "care; looking after; help; assistance; aid", "fr": 2594}, {"w": "話し合い", "rd": "はなしあい", "mn": "discussion; talk; tête-à-tête; conference", "fr": 4050}, {"w": "お話し", "rd": "おはなし", "mn": "story; tale", "fr": 4484}, {"w": "携帯電話", "rd": "けいたいでんわ", "mn": "mobile phone; cell phone", "fr": 5134}, {"w": "通話", "rd": "つうわ", "mn": "telephone call; speaking over the telephone; (Internet) voice call; videoconfere", "fr": 5474}, {"w": "電話番号", "rd": "でんわばんごう", "mn": "telephone number; phone number", "fr": 6698}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 858, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "多", "g": 2, "o": 123, "f": 139, "j": null, "on": "タ", "kun": "おお.い、まさ.に、まさ.る", "m": "many; frequent; much", "pm": "many", "r": [{"c": "夕", "nj": "ゆうべ", "ne": "evening"}], "hc": "evening", "hk": "many", "hs": "\" <b>Many</b> <i>moons</i> ago, \" begins much of Amerindian folklore - a colorful way of saying \"Once upon a time\" and a great deal of help for remembering this kanji. Here we have two <i>moons</i>  (three of them would take us back to the beginning of time, which is further than we want to go), lacking the final stroke because they are partially hidden behind the clouds of time.", "ks": "<i>Two evenings</i> too <b>many</b>!", "v": [{"w": "多い", "rd": "おおい", "mn": "many; numerous; a lot", "fr": 333}, {"w": "多く", "rd": "おおく", "mn": "many; much; plenty; a lot", "fr": 1179}, {"w": "多分", "rd": "たぶん", "mn": "probably; likely; perhaps; maybe", "fr": 1342}, {"w": "多少", "rd": "たしょう", "mn": "a little; some; somewhat; slightly; to some degree; to some extent", "fr": 1872}, {"w": "多数", "rd": "たすう", "mn": "large number (of); many", "fr": 4979}, {"w": "多め", "rd": "おおめ", "mn": "somewhat larger (amount); quite a lot; a little more (than usual); a little extr", "fr": 6904}, {"w": "数多く", "rd": "かずおおく", "mn": "in great numbers", "fr": 7938}, {"w": "多", "rd": "た", "mn": "multi-", "fr": 8450}, {"w": "滅多に", "rd": "めったに", "mn": "rarely; seldom", "fr": 8466}, {"w": "多大", "rd": "ただい", "mn": "great (quantity, amount, etc.); huge; enormous; serious", "fr": 9695}, {"w": "多忙", "rd": "たぼう", "mn": "being very busy; busyness", "fr": 13023}, {"w": "多額", "rd": "たがく", "mn": "large (amount of money); huge; hefty; expensive", "fr": 13374}, {"w": "滅多", "rd": "めった", "mn": "thoughtless; reckless; careless; rash", "fr": 16618}, {"w": "大多数", "rd": "だいたすう", "mn": "great majority", "fr": 17947}, {"w": "多発", "rd": "たはつ", "mn": "repeated occurrence; frequently occurring", "fr": 18803}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 360, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "数", "g": 2, "o": 124, "f": 148, "j": null, "on": "スウ、ス、サク、ソク、シュ", "kun": "かず、かぞ.える、しばしば、せ.める、わずらわ.しい", "m": "number; strength; fate; law; figures", "pm": "number", "r": [{"c": "娄", "nj": "ル", "ne": "surname"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "rice; woman; taskmaster", "hk": "number", "hs": "Rice . . . woman . . . taskmaster.", "ks": "Young <i>taskmaster</i> is learning <b>numbers</b> by watching <i>women</i> haul sacks of <i>rice</i> past him. \"One… two… four! No, wrong! Go back, go back!\".", "v": [{"w": "数", "rd": "かず", "mn": "number; amount", "fr": 1235}, {"w": "数日", "rd": "すうじつ", "mn": "few days", "fr": 2290}, {"w": "人数", "rd": "にんずう", "mn": "the number of people", "fr": 2551}, {"w": "数える", "rd": "かぞえる", "mn": "to count; to enumerate", "fr": 2701}, {"w": "数字", "rd": "すうじ", "mn": "numeral; digit; numeric character", "fr": 2827}, {"w": "複数", "rd": "ふくすう", "mn": "plural; multiple", "fr": 3387}, {"w": "数々", "rd": "かずかず", "mn": "many; numerous; various; large number of", "fr": 3570}, {"w": "数年", "rd": "すうねん", "mn": "several years; a few years", "fr": 4257}, {"w": "無数", "rd": "むすう", "mn": "innumerable; countless; numberless", "fr": 4289}, {"w": "多数", "rd": "たすう", "mn": "large number (of); many", "fr": 4979}, {"w": "数時間", "rd": "すうじかん", "mn": "a few hours; several hours; a couple of hours", "fr": 5152}, {"w": "回数", "rd": "かいすう", "mn": "number of times; frequency; count", "fr": 5386}, {"w": "数分", "rd": "すうふん", "mn": "several minutes; a few minutes", "fr": 6164}, {"w": "数十", "rd": "すうじゅう", "mn": "dozens; scores of; decades", "fr": 6190}, {"w": "数学", "rd": "すうがく", "mn": "mathematics", "fr": 6495}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 49, "rp": 59, "l": 9, "n": ""}}, {"k": "記", "g": 2, "o": 125, "f": 149, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "しる.す", "m": "scribe; account; narrative", "pm": "scribe", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "己", "nj": "おのれ", "ne": "self"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; snake; self", "hk": "scribe", "hs": "Words . . . snake.", "ks": "A <b>scribe</b> writes down the <i>words</i> spoken by a <i>snake</i> (i.e. a lawyer).", "v": [{"w": "記憶", "rd": "きおく", "mn": "memory; recollection; remembrance", "fr": 858}, {"w": "記録", "rd": "きろく", "mn": "record; document; minutes; log; recording; putting on record; keeping a record (", "fr": 1799}, {"w": "記念", "rd": "きねん", "mn": "commemoration; celebration; remembrance; memory; honoring the memory of", "fr": 3304}, {"w": "記事", "rd": "きじ", "mn": "article; news story; report; account", "fr": 3487}, {"w": "記す", "rd": "しるす", "mn": "to write down; to note down; to jot down; to take a note of", "fr": 4359}, {"w": "日記", "rd": "にっき", "mn": "diary; journal", "fr": 6750}, {"w": "記者", "rd": "きしゃ", "mn": "reporter; journalist", "fr": 6776}, {"w": "記載", "rd": "きさい", "mn": "mention (in a document); record; entry; statement; listing", "fr": 9685}, {"w": "記入", "rd": "きにゅう", "mn": "entry (in a form, register, diary, etc.); filling in; filling out", "fr": 10378}, {"w": "記述", "rd": "きじゅつ", "mn": "description; account", "fr": 11223}, {"w": "暗記", "rd": "あんき", "mn": "memorization; memorisation; learning by heart", "fr": 13063}, {"w": "記念日", "rd": "きねんび", "mn": "memorial day; commemoration day; anniversary", "fr": 13233}, {"w": "記号", "rd": "きごう", "mn": "sign; symbol; mark", "fr": 14833}, {"w": "表記", "rd": "ひょうき", "mn": "expression in writing; written representation; notation; transcription; orthogra", "fr": 16584}, {"w": "記者会見", "rd": "きしゃかいけん", "mn": "press conference; news conference", "fr": 19242}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 18, "rp": 29, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "北", "g": 2, "o": 126, "f": 153, "j": null, "on": "ホク", "kun": "きた", "m": "north", "pm": "north", "r": [{"c": "匕", "nj": "さじ", "ne": "spoon"}], "hc": "spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "north", "hs": "The cold air from the <b>north</b> is so strong that we see <i>two people sitting on the ground</i> back to back, their arms interlocked so they don't blow away. (Pay special attention to the drawing of the first 3 strokes.)", "ks": "In the north , the weather is so cold that people are often seen sitting back to back to preserve warmth.", "v": [{"w": "北", "rd": "きた", "mn": "north", "fr": 3362}, {"w": "敗北", "rd": "はいぼく", "mn": "defeat; loss; reverse; setback", "fr": 4839}, {"w": "北海道", "rd": "ほっかいどう", "mn": "Hokkaido (island, prefectural-level administrative unit)", "fr": 7812}, {"w": "北側", "rd": "きたがわ", "mn": "north side; north bank", "fr": 17481}, {"w": "北部", "rd": "ほくぶ", "mn": "northern part; the north (of a region)", "fr": 18636}, {"w": "東北", "rd": "とうほく", "mn": "north-east", "fr": 19014}, {"w": "北西", "rd": "ほくせい", "mn": "northwest", "fr": 20477}, {"w": "北東", "rd": "ほくとう", "mn": "northeast", "fr": 20718}, {"w": "北上", "rd": "ほくじょう", "mn": "going north", "fr": 22090}, {"w": "北方", "rd": "ほっぽう", "mn": "the north; northward; northern direction", "fr": 24546}, {"w": "北極", "rd": "ほっきょく", "mn": "North Pole", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "南北", "rd": "なんぼく", "mn": "north and south; north to south", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "北アイルランド", "rd": "きたアイルランド", "mn": "Northern Ireland", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "北九州", "rd": "きたきゅうしゅう", "mn": "Kitakyushu (city)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "北京", "rd": "ペキン", "mn": "Beijing (China); Peking", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1210, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "午", "g": 2, "o": 127, "f": 154, "j": null, "on": "ゴ", "kun": "うま", "m": "noon; sign of the horse; 11AM-1PM; seventh sign of Chinese zodiac", "pm": "noon", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "干", "nj": "かん", "ne": "to dry"}], "hc": "horse; pantomime horse; sign of the horse", "hk": "noon", "hs": "With a bit of stretching, you might see a horse's head pointing leftwards in this character. That gives the primary meaning of the Chinese zodiacal sign of the horse, which corresponds to the hour of <b>noon</b>. Note how this kanji primitive differs from that for <i>cow</i> (Frame 260).", "ks": "Noon is the hour of the horse.", "v": [{"w": "午後", "rd": "ごご", "mn": "afternoon; p.m.", "fr": 1649}, {"w": "午前", "rd": "ごぜん", "mn": "morning; a.m.", "fr": 3867}, {"w": "午前中", "rd": "ごぜんちゅう", "mn": "in the morning; during the morning", "fr": 5513}, {"w": "正午", "rd": "しょうご", "mn": "noon; midday", "fr": 11957}, {"w": "午", "rd": "うま", "mn": "the Horse (seventh sign of the Chinese zodiac)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 55, "rp": 94, "l": 17, "n": "午後 牛 千"}}, {"k": "心", "g": 2, "o": 128, "f": 157, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "こころ、-ごころ", "m": "heart; mind; spirit; heart radical (no. 61)", "pm": "heart", "r": [{"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "drops; fishhook", "hk": "heart", "hs": "This character, a pictographic representation of the <b>heart</b> , is among the most widely used primitives we shall meet.", "ks": "Heart needs three drops of blood to work.", "v": [{"w": "心配", "rd": "しんぱい", "mn": "worry; concern; anxiety; uneasiness; fear", "fr": 211}, {"w": "心", "rd": "こころ", "mn": "mind; heart; spirit", "fr": 274}, {"w": "安心", "rd": "あんしん", "mn": "peace of mind; relief; (sense of) security; safety; assurance; confidence", "fr": 447}, {"w": "心臓", "rd": "しんぞう", "mn": "heart", "fr": 1651}, {"w": "中心", "rd": "ちゅうしん", "mn": "center; centre; middle; heart; core; focus; pivot; emphasis; balance", "fr": 1718}, {"w": "肝心", "rd": "かんじん", "mn": "essential; important; crucial; vital; main", "fr": 2403}, {"w": "感心", "rd": "かんしん", "mn": "admiration; being impressed", "fr": 2535}, {"w": "心当たり", "rd": "こころあたり", "mn": "having in mind; happening to know (of); idea (of); inkling", "fr": 3022}, {"w": "本心", "rd": "ほんしん", "mn": "true feelings; real intention; one's heart", "fr": 3179}, {"w": "熱心", "rd": "ねっしん", "mn": "zealous; enthusiastic; ardent; fervent; keen; eager", "fr": 3211}, {"w": "心強い", "rd": "こころづよい", "mn": "heartening; reassuring", "fr": 4099}, {"w": "決心", "rd": "けっしん", "mn": "determination; resolution", "fr": 4127}, {"w": "内心", "rd": "ないしん", "mn": "inner thoughts; real intention; inmost heart; one's mind", "fr": 4346}, {"w": "好奇心", "rd": "こうきしん", "mn": "curiosity; inquisitiveness", "fr": 4780}, {"w": "心地よい", "rd": "ここちよい", "mn": "comfortable; pleasant", "fr": 4877}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 393, "rp": 29, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "点", "g": 2, "o": 129, "f": 165, "j": null, "on": "テン", "kun": "つ.ける、つ.く、た.てる、さ.す、とぼ.す、とも.す、ぼち", "m": "spot; point; mark; speck; decimal point", "pm": "spot", "r": [{"c": "占", "nj": "セン", "ne": "fortune-telling"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "fortune-telling; magic wand; augury; mouth; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "spot", "hs": "If you look into the flickering of a <i>fire</i> for a long time and then turn aside, you will see <b>spots</b> before your eyes. Although nobody ever thought of such a thing before - as least as far as know, they didn't - imagine using those <b>spots</b> as a technique for <i>fortune-telling</i>. The old witch sits before her <i>cauldron</i> and watches the <b>spots</b> that show up when she turns to look at you, and from that <i>tells your fortune</i>. Think of it as a kind of <b>spot</b> -check on your future.", "ks": "The FORTUNE TELLER was burned by FLAMES on the <b>spot</b> because she was accused of being a witch.", "v": [{"w": "点", "rd": "てん", "mn": "dot; spot; point; speck; mark", "fr": 1017}, {"w": "時点", "rd": "じてん", "mn": "point in time; occasion", "fr": 1930}, {"w": "弱点", "rd": "じゃくてん", "mn": "weak point; weakness; shortcoming; defect; flaw; sore spot; tender spot", "fr": 3819}, {"w": "一点", "rd": "いってん", "mn": "point; dot; speck", "fr": 4719}, {"w": "頂点", "rd": "ちょうてん", "mn": "vertex; apex", "fr": 5000}, {"w": "地点", "rd": "ちてん", "mn": "spot; point; place; position", "fr": 5491}, {"w": "視点", "rd": "してん", "mn": "point of view; viewpoint; angle; perspective", "fr": 5780}, {"w": "拠点", "rd": "きょてん", "mn": "base (of operations); site; location; center; foothold; stronghold; (strategic) ", "fr": 6428}, {"w": "欠点", "rd": "けってん", "mn": "fault; defect; flaw; weak point; weakness; shortcoming; drawback", "fr": 7708}, {"w": "現時点", "rd": "げんじてん", "mn": "present point (i.e. in history); at the present time", "fr": 7796}, {"w": "接点", "rd": "せってん", "mn": "point of tangency; point of contact", "fr": 7808}, {"w": "点数", "rd": "てんすう", "mn": "marks; points; score; grade; runs (baseball)", "fr": 8024}, {"w": "共通点", "rd": "きょうつうてん", "mn": "point in common; common feature", "fr": 8951}, {"w": "満点", "rd": "まんてん", "mn": "perfect score; full marks", "fr": 9372}, {"w": "焦点", "rd": "しょうてん", "mn": "focus; focal point", "fr": 10593}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 286, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "教", "g": 2, "o": 130, "f": 166, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "おし.える、おそ.わる", "m": "teach; faith; doctrine", "pm": "teach", "r": [{"c": "孝", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "filial piety"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "filial piety; old man; child; taskmaster", "hk": "teach", "hs": "Filial piety . . . taskmaster.", "ks": "In early Japan, <i>filial piety</i> was the cornerstone of education, and harsh <i>taskmasters</i> were employed to <b>teach</b> it.", "v": [{"w": "教える", "rd": "おしえる", "mn": "to teach; to instruct", "fr": 199}, {"w": "教室", "rd": "きょうしつ", "mn": "classroom; lecture room", "fr": 1939}, {"w": "教わる", "rd": "おそわる", "mn": "to be taught; to learn; to take lessons in", "fr": 2635}, {"w": "教師", "rd": "きょうし", "mn": "teacher; instructor", "fr": 2708}, {"w": "教育", "rd": "きょういく", "mn": "education; schooling; training; instruction; teaching; upbringing", "fr": 2732}, {"w": "説教", "rd": "せっきょう", "mn": "sermon; preaching; homily", "fr": 3250}, {"w": "教科書", "rd": "きょうかしょ", "mn": "textbook; coursebook; schoolbook", "fr": 4928}, {"w": "教授", "rd": "きょうじゅ", "mn": "professor", "fr": 4988}, {"w": "教え", "rd": "おしえ", "mn": "teaching; instruction; teachings; precept; lesson; doctrine", "fr": 5527}, {"w": "教会", "rd": "きょうかい", "mn": "church; congregation", "fr": 6206}, {"w": "宗教", "rd": "しゅうきょう", "mn": "religion; religious affiliation; belief; faith; creed", "fr": 8407}, {"w": "教え子", "rd": "おしえご", "mn": "one's student (esp. a former one); one's pupil; one's disciple", "fr": 9987}, {"w": "教訓", "rd": "きょうくん", "mn": "lesson; precept; teachings; moral", "fr": 13009}, {"w": "家庭教師", "rd": "かていきょうし", "mn": "(home) tutor; private tutor; private teacher", "fr": 13408}, {"w": "教科", "rd": "きょうか", "mn": "subject; curriculum", "fr": 13454}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 180, "rp": 25, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "書", "g": 2, "o": 131, "f": 169, "j": null, "on": "ショ", "kun": "か.く、-が.き、-がき", "m": "write", "pm": "write", "r": [{"c": "聿", "nj": "ふでづくり", "ne": "writing brush"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "brush; tongue wagging; sun; day", "hk": "write", "hs": "The sage talks rapidly with his <i>tongue wagging in his mouth</i> , while the <i>brush</i> of the scribe runs apace to <b>write</b> down the master 'swords.", "ks": "With a brush, it takes all day to write anything.", "v": [{"w": "書く", "rd": "かく", "mn": "to write; to compose; to pen", "fr": 308}, {"w": "書類", "rd": "しょるい", "mn": "document; papers", "fr": 3189}, {"w": "教科書", "rd": "きょうかしょ", "mn": "textbook; coursebook; schoolbook", "fr": 4928}, {"w": "図書館", "rd": "としょかん", "mn": "library", "fr": 5304}, {"w": "読書", "rd": "どくしょ", "mn": "reading (books)", "fr": 7199}, {"w": "書き込む", "rd": "かきこむ", "mn": "to fill in (field, entry, etc.); to fill out (form)", "fr": 7375}, {"w": "報告書", "rd": "ほうこくしょ", "mn": "(written) report", "fr": 7490}, {"w": "秘書", "rd": "ひしょ", "mn": "(private) secretary", "fr": 7639}, {"w": "落書き", "rd": "らくがき", "mn": "scrawl; scribble; graffiti; doodle", "fr": 9121}, {"w": "図書室", "rd": "としょしつ", "mn": "library (usu. single-room); small library", "fr": 10152}, {"w": "書き換える", "rd": "かきかえる", "mn": "to rewrite; to overwrite; to renew; to transfer", "fr": 10232}, {"w": "書店", "rd": "しょてん", "mn": "bookshop; bookstore", "fr": 10674}, {"w": "書物", "rd": "しょもつ", "mn": "book; volume", "fr": 10808}, {"w": "後書き", "rd": "あとがき", "mn": "afterword; postscript", "fr": 11176}, {"w": "本書", "rd": "ほんしょ", "mn": "main text", "fr": 11272}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 910, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "活", "g": 2, "o": 132, "f": 171, "j": null, "on": "カツ", "kun": "い.きる、い.かす、い.ける", "m": "lively; resuscitation; being helped; living", "pm": "lively", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "舌", "nj": "した", "ne": "tongue"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; tongue; drop; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "lively", "hs": "When we speak of a <b>lively</b> personality or a <b>lively</b> party, we immediately think of a lot of chatter. This kanji depicts the idea of <b>lively</b> by having <i>tongues</i> babble and splash around like flowing <i>water</i>.", "ks": "I'm sure I can get her pretty <b>lively</b> and <i>wet</i> using my <i>tongue</i>.", "v": [{"w": "生活", "rd": "せいかつ", "mn": "life; living", "fr": 695}, {"w": "活動", "rd": "かつどう", "mn": "activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action; operation", "fr": 1789}, {"w": "活躍", "rd": "かつやく", "mn": "activity (esp. energetic or successful); great efforts; active participation", "fr": 2335}, {"w": "復活", "rd": "ふっかつ", "mn": "revival (of an old system, custom, fashion, etc.); restoration; return; comeback", "fr": 2611}, {"w": "部活", "rd": "ぶかつ", "mn": "club activities; extracurricular activities", "fr": 3989}, {"w": "活用", "rd": "かつよう", "mn": "practical use; application; making good use of; putting to good use; capitalizin", "fr": 6685}, {"w": "活発", "rd": "かっぱつ", "mn": "lively; active; vigorous; animated; brisk", "fr": 9056}, {"w": "活気", "rd": "かっき", "mn": "energy; vigour; vigor; liveliness; spirit; life; animation", "fr": 9686}, {"w": "生活費", "rd": "せいかつひ", "mn": "living expenses", "fr": 10290}, {"w": "日常生活", "rd": "にちじょうせいかつ", "mn": "everyday life; daily life", "fr": 10579}, {"w": "活力", "rd": "かつりょく", "mn": "vitality; energy; dynamism", "fr": 13878}, {"w": "快活", "rd": "かいかつ", "mn": "cheerful; lively; lighthearted", "fr": 16722}, {"w": "私生活", "rd": "しせいかつ", "mn": "private life", "fr": 16741}, {"w": "食生活", "rd": "しょくせいかつ", "mn": "eating habits; diet; dietary pattern", "fr": 18974}, {"w": "就活", "rd": "しゅうかつ", "mn": "job hunting; job searching", "fr": 21107}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 118, "rp": 25, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "原", "g": 2, "o": 133, "f": 172, "j": null, "on": "ゲン", "kun": "はら", "m": "meadow; original; primitive; field; plain; prairie; tundra; wilderness", "pm": "meadow", "r": [{"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "白", "nj": "しろ", "ne": "white"}, {"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}], "hc": "cliff; spring; white; dove; small; little", "hk": "meadow", "hs": "Though the kanji is broad enough to embrace both meanings, the <b>meadow</b> you should imagine here is not a flatland plain but a mountain <b>meadow</b> in the Austrian Alps. (Perhaps the opening scene of  \"The Sound of Music\" will help.) Simply think of little <i>springs</i> bubbling up across the <b>meadow</b> to form a sort of path that leads you right to the brink of a precipitous <i>cliff</i>. Now if you can see Schwester Maria skipping along merrily, dodging in and out of the <i>springs</i> , and then falling headlong over the <i>cliff</i> , you have a ridiculous story that should help fix this kanji in memory.", "ks": "Follow the <i>springs</i> down the <i>cliff</i> and you will find a nice <b>meadow</b>.", "v": [{"w": "原因", "rd": "げんいん", "mn": "cause; origin; source", "fr": 997}, {"w": "原稿", "rd": "げんこう", "mn": "manuscript; copy; draft; notes; contribution", "fr": 6336}, {"w": "原作", "rd": "げんさく", "mn": "original work", "fr": 9355}, {"w": "原理", "rd": "げんり", "mn": "principle; theory; fundamental truth", "fr": 10890}, {"w": "原", "rd": "はら", "mn": "field; plain; prairie; tundra; moor; wilderness", "fr": 11334}, {"w": "草原", "rd": "そうげん", "mn": "grassy field; grassland; meadow", "fr": 13182}, {"w": "原則", "rd": "げんそく", "mn": "principle; general rule", "fr": 13544}, {"w": "河原", "rd": "かわら", "mn": "dry riverbed; river beach", "fr": 15006}, {"w": "原点", "rd": "げんてん", "mn": "starting point; origin; beginning", "fr": 16184}, {"w": "原動力", "rd": "げんどうりょく", "mn": "motive power; driving force", "fr": 18036}, {"w": "原型", "rd": "げんけい", "mn": "model; prototype; archetype", "fr": 19450}, {"w": "原料", "rd": "げんりょう", "mn": "raw materials; ingredient", "fr": 20324}, {"w": "野原", "rd": "のはら", "mn": "field; plain; prairie; moor", "fr": 21621}, {"w": "原形", "rd": "げんけい", "mn": "original form; base form", "fr": 23176}, {"w": "高原", "rd": "こうげん", "mn": "tableland; plateau", "fr": 23701}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 54, "rp": 58, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "交", "g": 2, "o": 134, "f": 178, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "まじ.わる、まじ.える、ま.じる、まじ.る、ま.ざる、ま.ぜる、-か.う、か.わす、かわ.す、こもごも", "m": "mingle; mixing; association; coming & going", "pm": "mingle", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "父", "nj": "ちち", "ne": "father"}], "hc": "top hat; father", "hk": "mingle", "hs": "Top hat . . . father.", "ks": "My father puts on a top hat and tries to mingle.", "v": [{"w": "交換", "rd": "こうかん", "mn": "exchange; interchange; switching; reciprocity; barter; substitution; replacement", "fr": 2082}, {"w": "交渉", "rd": "こうしょう", "mn": "negotiations; bargaining; discussions; talks", "fr": 3012}, {"w": "交わす", "rd": "かわす", "mn": "to exchange (messages, greetings, arguments, etc.)", "fr": 3357}, {"w": "交代", "rd": "こうたい", "mn": "change; alternation; rotation; replacement; substitution; shift; relief; taking ", "fr": 3814}, {"w": "交流", "rd": "こうりゅう", "mn": "exchange (e.g. cultural); interchange; interaction; mingling; mixing; coming tog", "fr": 4890}, {"w": "交える", "rd": "まじえる", "mn": "to mix; to combine; to include", "fr": 6629}, {"w": "交際", "rd": "こうさい", "mn": "company; friendship; association; society; acquaintance", "fr": 7278}, {"w": "交わる", "rd": "まじわる", "mn": "to cross; to intersect; to join; to meet", "fr": 7304}, {"w": "飛び交う", "rd": "とびかう", "mn": "to fly about; to flutter about; to flit about; to fly past each other", "fr": 8846}, {"w": "交通事故", "rd": "こうつうじこ", "mn": "traffic accident", "fr": 9859}, {"w": "交互", "rd": "こうご", "mn": "alternate; alternating", "fr": 9953}, {"w": "交差", "rd": "こうさ", "mn": "crossing; intersection", "fr": 10435}, {"w": "交差点", "rd": "こうさてん", "mn": "crossing; intersection", "fr": 12682}, {"w": "交戦", "rd": "こうせん", "mn": "war; battle; hostilities", "fr": 13206}, {"w": "交じる", "rd": "まじる", "mn": "to be mixed; to be blended with; to be combined", "fr": 13253}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 160, "rp": 23, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "元", "g": 2, "o": 135, "f": 192, "j": null, "on": "ゲン、ガン", "kun": "もと", "m": "beginning; former time; origin", "pm": "beginning", "r": [{"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}, {"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}], "hc": "two; human legs", "hk": "beginning", "hs": "\"In the <b>beginning</b>... \" starts that marvelous shelf of books we call the Bible. It talks about how all things were made, and tells us that when the Creator came to humanity she made <i>two</i> of them, man and woman. While we presume she made <i>two</i> of every other animal as well, we are not told as much. Hence we need only   <i>two</i> and a pair of <i>human legs</i> come to the kanji that means <b>beginning</b>.", "ks": "Every journey begins with your two legs.", "v": [{"w": "元気", "rd": "げんき", "mn": "lively; full of spirit; energetic; vigorous; vital; spirited", "fr": 341}, {"w": "元", "rd": "もと", "mn": "origin; source; beginning", "fr": 565}, {"w": "足元", "rd": "あしもと", "mn": "at one's feet; underfoot; one's step (as in \"watch your step\")", "fr": 2536}, {"w": "元々", "rd": "もともと", "mn": "originally; from the start; from the beginning; from the outset; by nature", "fr": 3029}, {"w": "地元", "rd": "じもと", "mn": "home area; home town", "fr": 3076}, {"w": "手元", "rd": "てもと", "mn": "at hand; on hand; nearby; close at hand", "fr": 3686}, {"w": "耳元", "rd": "みみもと", "mn": "close to the ear", "fr": 5238}, {"w": "次元", "rd": "じげん", "mn": "dimension", "fr": 5783}, {"w": "身元", "rd": "みもと", "mn": "(one's) identity; background; upbringing; birth (and parentage)", "fr": 7899}, {"w": "元凶", "rd": "げんきょう", "mn": "ringleader; main culprit", "fr": 8753}, {"w": "復元", "rd": "ふくげん", "mn": "restoration (to the original state or location); reconstruction; restitution", "fr": 14942}, {"w": "元より", "rd": "もとより", "mn": "from the beginning; from the first; all along; originally", "fr": 16994}, {"w": "元来", "rd": "がんらい", "mn": "originally; essentially; naturally; by nature; really; actually", "fr": 18045}, {"w": "襟元", "rd": "えりもと", "mn": "(around the) neck; nape", "fr": 18085}, {"w": "還元", "rd": "かんげん", "mn": "restoration; return", "fr": 24724}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 128, "rp": 23, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "近", "g": 2, "o": 136, "f": 194, "j": null, "on": "キン、コン", "kun": "ちか.い", "m": "near; early; akin; tantamount", "pm": "near", "r": [{"c": "斤", "nj": "おのづくり", "ne": "axe"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "axe; road", "hk": "near", "hs": "<i>Ax</i> . . . <i>road</i>. Be careful not to confuse with <i>draw near</i> (Frame 204) or <i>bystander</i> (Frame 1090).", "ks": "The end is <b>near</b>. The <i>axe</i> -murderer is waiting for you on the <i>road</i> …", "v": [{"w": "最近", "rd": "さいきん", "mn": "recently; lately; these days; nowadays; right now", "fr": 387}, {"w": "近く", "rd": "ちかく", "mn": "near; neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity", "fr": 450}, {"w": "近い", "rd": "ちかい", "mn": "near; close; short (distance)", "fr": 610}, {"w": "近づく", "rd": "ちかづく", "mn": "to approach; to draw near; to get close", "fr": 682}, {"w": "近所", "rd": "きんじょ", "mn": "neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity", "fr": 2162}, {"w": "近づける", "rd": "ちかづける", "mn": "to bring near; to bring close; to let go near", "fr": 2412}, {"w": "近寄る", "rd": "ちかよる", "mn": "to approach; to draw near", "fr": 3151}, {"w": "付近", "rd": "ふきん", "mn": "neighborhood; neighbourhood; vicinity; environs; surrounding area; district", "fr": 3319}, {"w": "間近", "rd": "まぢか", "mn": "near; close (to); nearby", "fr": 3942}, {"w": "接近", "rd": "せっきん", "mn": "getting closer; drawing nearer; approaching", "fr": 4273}, {"w": "身近", "rd": "みぢか", "mn": "near oneself; close to one; familiar", "fr": 4378}, {"w": "近頃", "rd": "ちかごろ", "mn": "lately; recently; nowadays", "fr": 6511}, {"w": "近々", "rd": "ちかぢか", "mn": "soon; before long; shortly; in the near future", "fr": 7707}, {"w": "近付く", "rd": "ちかづく", "mn": "to approach; to draw near; to get close", "fr": 8232}, {"w": "近道", "rd": "ちかみち", "mn": "shorter way; shortcut", "fr": 8260}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 196, "rp": 30, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "考", "g": 2, "o": 137, "f": 196, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "かんが.える、かんが.え", "m": "consider; think over", "pm": "consider", "r": [{"c": "耂", "nj": "おいかんむり", "ne": "old"}, {"c": "丂", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "obstruction of breath (qi) as it seeks release"}], "hc": "old man; slingshot; catapult", "hk": "consider", "hs": "<i>Old man</i> . . . <i>slingshot</i>. Remember: you already have kanji for <i>discriminating</i> (Frame 521), <i>deliberation</i> (Frame 692), and <i>think</i> (Frame 651).", "ks": "Before shooting an <i>old man</i> with a <i>slingshot</i> , one shold carefully <b>consider</b> the possible consequences.", "v": [{"w": "考える", "rd": "かんがえる", "mn": "to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on);", "fr": 108}, {"w": "考え", "rd": "かんがえ", "mn": "thinking; thought; view; opinion; concept", "fr": 779}, {"w": "思考", "rd": "しこう", "mn": "thought; consideration; thinking", "fr": 2860}, {"w": "考え方", "rd": "かんがえかた", "mn": "way of thinking; point of view; opinion; approach (e.g. to a problem); attitude", "fr": 3104}, {"w": "考えてみれば", "rd": "かんがえてみれば", "mn": "if you think about it; come to think of it", "fr": 5269}, {"w": "考え直す", "rd": "かんがえなおす", "mn": "to reconsider; to rethink; to reassess", "fr": 5338}, {"w": "考慮", "rd": "こうりょ", "mn": "consideration; taking into account", "fr": 5466}, {"w": "参考", "rd": "さんこう", "mn": "reference; consultation", "fr": 5594}, {"w": "考察", "rd": "こうさつ", "mn": "consideration; inquiry; enquiry; investigation; study", "fr": 13755}, {"w": "考案", "rd": "こうあん", "mn": "plan; device; idea; design; contrivance; conception; invention", "fr": 15633}, {"w": "参考書", "rd": "さんこうしょ", "mn": "reference book; study-aid book; supplemental textbook; student handbook", "fr": 16224}, {"w": "考古学", "rd": "こうこがく", "mn": "archaeology; archeology", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "選考", "rd": "せんこう", "mn": "selection; choice; screening", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "備考", "rd": "びこう", "mn": "note (for reference); remarks; N.B.", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "再考", "rd": "さいこう", "mn": "reconsideration", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 187, "rp": 35, "l": 4, "n": "考える 老師"}}, {"k": "画", "g": 2, "o": 138, "f": 199, "j": null, "on": "ガ、カク、エ、カイ", "kun": "えが.く、かく.する、かぎ.る、はかりごと、はか.る", "m": "brush-stroke; picture", "pm": "brush-stroke", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "由", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "wherefore"}, {"c": "凵", "nj": "かんにょう", "ne": "container"}], "hc": "one; ceiling; sprout; shoot; shovel", "hk": "brush-stroke", "hs": "In forming an image for the key word, it is helpful to know that this kanji is used for artistic representations (like a completed painting), and as a counter for the number of <b>brush-strokes</b> in a character (as, for instance, in Indexes II and III at the end of this book). Its elements are: <i>ceiling</i> . . . <i>sprout</i> . . . <i>shovel</i>.", "ks": "Start with just one stroke. Soon more will sprout , and then you end up with a whole shovel full!", "v": [{"w": "計画", "rd": "けいかく", "mn": "plan; project; schedule; scheme; program; programme", "fr": 1372}, {"w": "映画", "rd": "えいが", "mn": "movie; film; motion picture", "fr": 1629}, {"w": "漫画", "rd": "まんが", "mn": "cartoon; comic; comic strip; manga", "fr": 3032}, {"w": "画面", "rd": "がめん", "mn": "screen (of a TV, computer, etc.)", "fr": 3567}, {"w": "企画", "rd": "きかく", "mn": "planning; plan; project; arrangements", "fr": 3731}, {"w": "動画", "rd": "どうが", "mn": "video (esp. digital); video clip; clip", "fr": 3880}, {"w": "画像", "rd": "がぞう", "mn": "image; picture; portrait", "fr": 4990}, {"w": "画", "rd": "かく", "mn": "stroke (of a kanji)", "fr": 9426}, {"w": "録画", "rd": "ろくが", "mn": "(video) recording", "fr": 9440}, {"w": "絵画", "rd": "かいが", "mn": "painting; picture", "fr": 9793}, {"w": "映画館", "rd": "えいがかん", "mn": "movie theatre; movie theater; cinema", "fr": 10157}, {"w": "区画", "rd": "くかく", "mn": "division; section; compartment; block; plot; lot; partition; boundary", "fr": 12027}, {"w": "画家", "rd": "がか", "mn": "painter; artist", "fr": 15004}, {"w": "漫画家", "rd": "まんがか", "mn": "cartoonist; comic book artist; manga artist; manga author; mangaka", "fr": 15070}, {"w": "計画的", "rd": "けいかくてき", "mn": "planned; scheduled; systematic", "fr": 15431}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 3, "rp": 39, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "海", "g": 2, "o": 139, "f": 200, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "うみ", "m": "sea; ocean", "pm": "sea", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "毎", "nj": "マイ", "ne": "every"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; every; reclining; lying down; mother; breasts", "hk": "sea", "hs": "Behind <i>every drop of water</i> , a <b>sea</b> from which it originated.", "ks": "<i>Every</i> drop of <i>water</i> will eventually return to the <b>sea</b>.", "v": [{"w": "海", "rd": "うみ", "mn": "sea; ocean; waters", "fr": 763}, {"w": "海外", "rd": "かいがい", "mn": "foreign; abroad; overseas", "fr": 2916}, {"w": "北海道", "rd": "ほっかいどう", "mn": "Hokkaido (island, prefectural-level administrative unit)", "fr": 7812}, {"w": "海岸", "rd": "かいがん", "mn": "seashore; coast; seaside; waterfront; beach", "fr": 9290}, {"w": "海賊", "rd": "かいぞく", "mn": "pirate", "fr": 13627}, {"w": "海水", "rd": "かいすい", "mn": "seawater; saltwater", "fr": 13708}, {"w": "海辺", "rd": "うみべ", "mn": "beach; seashore; seaside; coast", "fr": 14041}, {"w": "海上", "rd": "かいじょう", "mn": "(on the) sea; surface of the sea", "fr": 15892}, {"w": "海底", "rd": "かいてい", "mn": "bottom of the ocean; seafloor; seabed", "fr": 16615}, {"w": "海面", "rd": "かいめん", "mn": "sea level; (surface of) sea", "fr": 18338}, {"w": "海水浴", "rd": "かいすいよく", "mn": "swimming in the ocean; sea bathing; seawater bath; going for a dip in the ocean", "fr": 19369}, {"w": "海中", "rd": "かいちゅう", "mn": "in the sea", "fr": 19969}, {"w": "深海", "rd": "しんかい", "mn": "deep sea; depths of the sea; ocean depths", "fr": 20638}, {"w": "航海", "rd": "こうかい", "mn": "(sea) voyage; navigation; sailing; passage; cruise", "fr": 21114}, {"w": "海外旅行", "rd": "かいがいりょこう", "mn": "trip abroad; overseas travel", "fr": 21870}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 189, "rp": 25, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "売", "g": 2, "o": 140, "f": 202, "j": null, "on": "バイ", "kun": "う.る、う.れる", "m": "sell", "pm": "sell", "r": [{"c": "士", "nj": "さむらい", "ne": "man"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}], "hc": "samurai; paper punch; Miss World; crown; human legs", "hk": "sell", "hs": "A <i>samurai</i> , out of a job, is going door-to-door <b>selling</b> little windup <i>crowns</i> with <i>human legs</i> that run around on the floor looking like headless monarchs.", "ks": "The victorious samurai sell s crowns and human legs.", "v": [{"w": "売る", "rd": "うる", "mn": "to sell", "fr": 802}, {"w": "売れる", "rd": "うれる", "mn": "to sell (well)", "fr": 2170}, {"w": "商売", "rd": "しょうばい", "mn": "trade; business; commerce", "fr": 3154}, {"w": "売り", "rd": "うり", "mn": "sale; selling", "fr": 4650}, {"w": "発売", "rd": "はつばい", "mn": "sale; offering for sale; putting on sale; putting on the market; release (for sa", "fr": 4897}, {"w": "販売", "rd": "はんばい", "mn": "sale; sales; selling; marketing", "fr": 5446}, {"w": "売り上げ", "rd": "うりあげ", "mn": "amount sold; sales; proceeds; takings; turnover", "fr": 7147}, {"w": "売店", "rd": "ばいてん", "mn": "stand; stall; booth; kiosk; store", "fr": 14024}, {"w": "売り場", "rd": "うりば", "mn": "selling area; counter; section; department; sales floor", "fr": 14502}, {"w": "売り物", "rd": "うりもの", "mn": "article for sale; goods for sale; offering", "fr": 14875}, {"w": "売買", "rd": "ばいばい", "mn": "trade; buying and selling; trafficking (e.g. of humans, arms, drugs); dealing", "fr": 15061}, {"w": "売り切れる", "rd": "うりきれる", "mn": "to be sold out", "fr": 16182}, {"w": "売り出す", "rd": "うりだす", "mn": "to put on the market; to put out for sale; to put on sale; to begin selling; to ", "fr": 16511}, {"w": "売り切れ", "rd": "うりきれ", "mn": "sold-out", "fr": 17845}, {"w": "売り込む", "rd": "うりこむ", "mn": "to build a market for; to promote (a product); to sell; to become well known", "fr": 18993}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 129, "rp": 74, "l": 12, "n": ""}}, {"k": "組", "g": 2, "o": 141, "f": 204, "j": null, "on": "ソ", "kun": "く.む、くみ、-ぐみ", "m": "association; braid; plait; construct; assemble; unite; cooperate; grapple", "pm": "association", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "且", "nj": "ショ", "ne": "moreover"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; shelf; my bookshelves", "hk": "association", "hs": "Thread . . . shelf.", "ks": "The leader of the <i>Spiderman</i> <b>association</b> has tons of <i>Spiderman</i> figurines lined up on his <i>shelf</i>.", "v": [{"w": "組む", "rd": "くむ", "mn": "to cross (legs or arms); to link (arms)", "fr": 1606}, {"w": "組", "rd": "くみ", "mn": "class (of students)", "fr": 1951}, {"w": "組織", "rd": "そしき", "mn": "organization; organisation; formation", "fr": 2370}, {"w": "番組", "rd": "ばんぐみ", "mn": "program (e.g. TV); programme", "fr": 3751}, {"w": "仕組み", "rd": "しくみ", "mn": "structure; construction; arrangement; contrivance; mechanism; workings", "fr": 4741}, {"w": "組み合わせ", "rd": "くみあわせ", "mn": "combination; assortment; set", "fr": 4885}, {"w": "取り組む", "rd": "とりくむ", "mn": "to grapple with; to wrestle with; to engage in a bout; to be matched against", "fr": 6065}, {"w": "組み合わせる", "rd": "くみあわせる", "mn": "to put together; to combine; to join together; to join up", "fr": 8281}, {"w": "組み込む", "rd": "くみこむ", "mn": "to insert; to include; to incorporate; to install; to embed", "fr": 9268}, {"w": "組み立てる", "rd": "くみたてる", "mn": "to assemble; to put together; to set up; to construct; to build; to compose (a s", "fr": 9530}, {"w": "組合", "rd": "くみあい", "mn": "association; union; guild", "fr": 18043}, {"w": "組み立て", "rd": "くみたて", "mn": "construction; framework; erection; assembly; organization; organisation", "fr": 21970}, {"w": "組長", "rd": "くみちょう", "mn": "boss (esp. yakuza); foreman", "fr": 22082}, {"w": "テレビ番組", "rd": "テレビばんぐみ", "mn": "television program; TV program", "fr": 23058}, {"w": "組み", "rd": "くみ", "mn": "class (of students)", "fr": 24770}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 266, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "知", "g": 2, "o": 142, "f": 205, "j": null, "on": "チ", "kun": "し.る、し.らせる", "m": "know; wisdom", "pm": "know", "r": [{"c": "矢", "nj": "や", "ne": "arrow"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "dart; drop; heavens; mouth", "hk": "know", "hs": "Dart . . . mouth.", "ks": "I should <i>know</i>. After all, I did graduate from <b>Dart</b> <b>mouth</b>!", "v": [{"w": "知る", "rd": "しる", "mn": "to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to ", "fr": 72}, {"w": "知り合い", "rd": "しりあい", "mn": "acquaintance", "fr": 923}, {"w": "承知", "rd": "しょうち", "mn": "knowledge; awareness", "fr": 1645}, {"w": "知れる", "rd": "しれる", "mn": "to become known; to come to light; to be discovered", "fr": 1792}, {"w": "知識", "rd": "ちしき", "mn": "knowledge; information", "fr": 2086}, {"w": "知らせる", "rd": "しらせる", "mn": "to notify; to advise; to inform", "fr": 2484}, {"w": "知り合う", "rd": "しりあう", "mn": "to get to know each other; to make acquaintance", "fr": 2649}, {"w": "知恵", "rd": "ちえ", "mn": "wisdom; wit; sagacity; sense; intelligence", "fr": 4336}, {"w": "未知", "rd": "みち", "mn": "not yet known; unknown; strange", "fr": 4789}, {"w": "見知らぬ", "rd": "みしらぬ", "mn": "strange; unfamiliar; unknown", "fr": 5686}, {"w": "知らせ", "rd": "しらせ", "mn": "news; word; tidings; notice; notification; information", "fr": 5956}, {"w": "察知", "rd": "さっち", "mn": "to sense; to infer; to gather; to pick up on; to get wind of; to perceive", "fr": 6180}, {"w": "ご存知", "rd": "ごぞんじ", "mn": "knowing; being aware (of)", "fr": 7966}, {"w": "知人", "rd": "ちじん", "mn": "friend; acquaintance", "fr": 8121}, {"w": "顔見知り", "rd": "かおみしり", "mn": "acquaintance", "fr": 8677}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 217, "rp": 21, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "道", "g": 2, "o": 143, "f": 207, "j": null, "on": "ドウ、トウ", "kun": "みち、いう", "m": "road-way; street; district; journey; course; moral; teachings", "pm": "road-way", "r": [{"c": "首", "nj": "くび", "ne": "head"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "neck; horns; drop; eye; road", "hk": "road-way", "hs": "The key word carries both the sense of a <b>road</b> for transit and a <b>way</b> or method of doing something, but the former is better for forming an image. The primitives read: the <i>neck</i> of a <i>road</i>. Think of a crowded <b>road-way</b> where traffic has come to a standstill - what we commonly refer to as a  \"bottle <i>neck</i>. \"", "ks": "When we go out on the <b>ROAD-WAY</b> , we often risk our own <i>necks</i> (that's why I take the train! ).", "v": [{"w": "道", "rd": "みち", "mn": "road; path; street; lane; passage", "fr": 455}, {"w": "道具", "rd": "どうぐ", "mn": "tool; implement; instrument; utensil; apparatus; device", "fr": 1754}, {"w": "帰り道", "rd": "かえりみち", "mn": "the way back; the way home; return trip", "fr": 4306}, {"w": "道路", "rd": "どうろ", "mn": "road; highway", "fr": 5174}, {"w": "寄り道", "rd": "よりみち", "mn": "dropping in on the way; stopping off at; making a side trip", "fr": 6295}, {"w": "道理", "rd": "どうり", "mn": "reason; logic; sense; truth; right", "fr": 6976}, {"w": "軌道", "rd": "きどう", "mn": "orbit; trajectory", "fr": 7371}, {"w": "道のり", "rd": "みちのり", "mn": "distance; journey; itinerary", "fr": 7489}, {"w": "報道", "rd": "ほうどう", "mn": "report (of news); reporting; news; information; (media) coverage", "fr": 7662}, {"w": "北海道", "rd": "ほっかいどう", "mn": "Hokkaido (island, prefectural-level administrative unit)", "fr": 7812}, {"w": "地道", "rd": "じみち", "mn": "steady; honest; sober; straightforward; reliable", "fr": 8047}, {"w": "近道", "rd": "ちかみち", "mn": "shorter way; shortcut", "fr": 8260}, {"w": "使い道", "rd": "つかいみち", "mn": "purpose; utility; objective", "fr": 9049}, {"w": "逃げ道", "rd": "にげみち", "mn": "way out; means to escape; escape route", "fr": 9674}, {"w": "道端", "rd": "みちばた", "mn": "roadside; wayside", "fr": 10495}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 883, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "引", "g": 2, "o": 144, "f": 218, "j": null, "on": "イン", "kun": "ひ.く、ひ.ける", "m": "pull; tug; jerk; admit; install; quote; refer to", "pm": "pull", "r": [{"c": "弓", "nj": "ゆみ", "ne": "bow （in archery）"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}], "hc": "bow; stick", "hk": "pull", "hs": "Bow . . . walking stick.", "ks": "Put a <i>walking stick</i> in the <i>bow</i> and <b>pull</b> it back, ready to fire at the geezer.", "v": [{"w": "引く", "rd": "ひく", "mn": "to pull; to tug; to lead (e.g. a horse)", "fr": 811}, {"w": "引き受ける", "rd": "ひきうける", "mn": "to take on; to undertake; to accept; to take charge of; to assume responsibility", "fr": 1997}, {"w": "強引", "rd": "ごういん", "mn": "overbearing; coercive; pushy; forcible; high-handed", "fr": 2135}, {"w": "引き取る", "rd": "ひきとる", "mn": "to take into one's possession; to receive; to accept; to collect; to claim", "fr": 2786}, {"w": "引っかかる", "rd": "ひっかかる", "mn": "to be caught in; to be stuck in", "fr": 2801}, {"w": "引き出す", "rd": "ひきだす", "mn": "to pull out; to take out; to draw out", "fr": 3224}, {"w": "引きずる", "rd": "ひきずる", "mn": "to drag; to trail; to pull along the ground; to lug", "fr": 3313}, {"w": "引き返す", "rd": "ひきかえす", "mn": "to turn back; to go back; to come back; to return; to retrace one's steps", "fr": 3907}, {"w": "引き継ぐ", "rd": "ひきつぐ", "mn": "to take over (someone's duties, business, etc.); to inherit; to succeed to; to c", "fr": 4317}, {"w": "取引", "rd": "とりひき", "mn": "transactions; dealings; business", "fr": 4504}, {"w": "引き抜く", "rd": "ひきぬく", "mn": "to extract; to pull out; to draw out; to uproot", "fr": 4677}, {"w": "引退", "rd": "いんたい", "mn": "retirement", "fr": 4755}, {"w": "引き上げる", "rd": "ひきあげる", "mn": "to pull up; to drag up; to lift up", "fr": 4797}, {"w": "引き起こす", "rd": "ひきおこす", "mn": "to cause; to induce; to bring about; to provoke", "fr": 4921}, {"w": "引き裂く", "rd": "ひきさく", "mn": "to tear up; to tear off; to rip up; to tear to pieces", "fr": 5617}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 203, "rp": 40, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "半", "g": 2, "o": 145, "f": 224, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "なか.ば", "m": "half; middle; odd number; semi-; part-", "pm": "half", "r": [{"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}, {"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "small; ten; needle", "hk": "half", "hs": "Although the writing order is different, one can remember the appearance of this character by seeing it as a <i>little needle</i> \\- the kind used for splitting hairs in <b>half</b>. (Again, according to rule, <i>little</i> takes a stroke beneath it in order to be placed over an element that has no horizontal line at the top.)", "ks": "Imagine karate chopping the number three in <b>half</b> with a WALKING STICK and pausing the picture just as the first \"board\" breaks.", "v": [{"w": "半分", "rd": "はんぶん", "mn": "half", "fr": 1076}, {"w": "半年", "rd": "はんとし", "mn": "half a year; six months", "fr": 2092}, {"w": "半", "rd": "はん", "mn": "half; semi-; partial", "fr": 3019}, {"w": "半端", "rd": "はんぱ", "mn": "remnant; fragment; incomplete set; incompleteness", "fr": 3768}, {"w": "半ば", "rd": "なかば", "mn": "middle; halfway; midway", "fr": 4008}, {"w": "大半", "rd": "たいはん", "mn": "majority; more than half; most (of)", "fr": 4592}, {"w": "後半", "rd": "こうはん", "mn": "second half; latter half", "fr": 4660}, {"w": "時半", "rd": "じはん", "mn": "half past (the hour)", "fr": 5146}, {"w": "下半身", "rd": "かはんしん", "mn": "lower half of the body; nether parts", "fr": 5490}, {"w": "中途半端", "rd": "ちゅうとはんぱ", "mn": "halfway; half measures; unfinished; incomplete; by halves; half-baked; half-cock", "fr": 5629}, {"w": "上半身", "rd": "じょうはんしん", "mn": "upper half of the body; upper body", "fr": 6380}, {"w": "半日", "rd": "はんにち", "mn": "half day", "fr": 7066}, {"w": "前半", "rd": "ぜんはん", "mn": "first half", "fr": 8189}, {"w": "半月", "rd": "はんげつ", "mn": "half-moon", "fr": 11091}, {"w": "半身", "rd": "はんしん", "mn": "half the body; half length", "fr": 11529}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 847, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "計", "g": 2, "o": 146, "f": 228, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "はか.る、はか.らう", "m": "plot; plan; scheme; measure", "pm": "plot", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; ten; needle", "hk": "plot", "hs": "<i>Words</i> and a meter's <i>needle</i> combine to form the sense of <b>plot</b> : to talk over plans and to calculate a course of action.", "ks": "Say-ten 's (satan's) evil plot.", "v": [{"w": "余計", "rd": "よけい", "mn": "extra; more; too much; too many; excessive; superfluous; spare; surplus", "fr": 762}, {"w": "計画", "rd": "けいかく", "mn": "plan; project; schedule; scheme; program; programme", "fr": 1372}, {"w": "計算", "rd": "けいさん", "mn": "calculation; computation; reckoning; counting; adding up; working out; figures", "fr": 2347}, {"w": "時計", "rd": "とけい", "mn": "clock; watch; timepiece", "fr": 2815}, {"w": "計る", "rd": "はかる", "mn": "to measure; to weigh; to survey; to time (sound, gauge, estimate)", "fr": 7129}, {"w": "合計", "rd": "ごうけい", "mn": "sum total; total amount", "fr": 7251}, {"w": "設計", "rd": "せっけい", "mn": "plan; design; layout", "fr": 7260}, {"w": "計", "rd": "けい", "mn": "plan", "fr": 8440}, {"w": "会計", "rd": "かいけい", "mn": "accounting; finance; account; reckoning", "fr": 9726}, {"w": "腕時計", "rd": "うでどけい", "mn": "wristwatch; watch", "fr": 11686}, {"w": "計画的", "rd": "けいかくてき", "mn": "planned; scheduled; systematic", "fr": 15431}, {"w": "お会計", "rd": "おかいけい", "mn": "bill (at a restaurant); check", "fr": 15460}, {"w": "計測", "rd": "けいそく", "mn": "measuring; measurement", "fr": 16413}, {"w": "目覚まし時計", "rd": "めざましどけい", "mn": "alarm clock", "fr": 19173}, {"w": "家計", "rd": "かけい", "mn": "household economy; family finances", "fr": 19312}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 220, "rp": 22, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "直", "g": 2, "o": 147, "f": 246, "j": null, "on": "チョク、ジキ、ジカ", "kun": "ただ.ちに、なお.す、-なお.す、なお.る、なお.き、す.ぐ", "m": "straightaway; honesty; frankness; fix; repair", "pm": "straightaway", "r": [{"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}], "hc": "ten; needle; eye; fishhook", "hk": "straightaway", "hs": "Begin with the top two primitives, <i>needle</i> and <i>eye</i>. Together they represent the <i>eye of a needle</i>. Below them is a <i>fishhook</i> that has been <b>straightened out</b> and its barb removed so that it can pass through the <i>eye of the needle</i>.", "ks": "If you get a needle in your eye that is hooked in there, get to a hospital <b>straightaway</b>.", "v": [{"w": "正直", "rd": "しょうじき", "mn": "honest; frank; candid; straightforward", "fr": 616}, {"w": "直接", "rd": "ちょくせつ", "mn": "direct; immediate; personal; firsthand", "fr": 907}, {"w": "素直", "rd": "すなお", "mn": "obedient; meek; docile; unaffected", "fr": 974}, {"w": "直す", "rd": "なおす", "mn": "to repair; to mend; to fix; to correct (a mistake, bad habit, etc.); to put righ", "fr": 1462}, {"w": "直前", "rd": "ちょくぜん", "mn": "just before; just prior to", "fr": 2258}, {"w": "直後", "rd": "ちょくご", "mn": "immediately following", "fr": 2419}, {"w": "やり直す", "rd": "やりなおす", "mn": "to do over again; to redo; to start over; to remake; to resume; to recommence", "fr": 3031}, {"w": "仲直り", "rd": "なかなおり", "mn": "reconciliation; making up (with); making peace (with); being friends again; patc", "fr": 4142}, {"w": "見直す", "rd": "みなおす", "mn": "to look at again", "fr": 4401}, {"w": "直る", "rd": "なおる", "mn": "to get mended; to be repaired; to be fixed", "fr": 4635}, {"w": "立ち直る", "rd": "たちなおる", "mn": "to regain one's footing; to get back on one's feet", "fr": 5143}, {"w": "考え直す", "rd": "かんがえなおす", "mn": "to reconsider; to rethink; to reassess", "fr": 5338}, {"w": "立て直す", "rd": "たてなおす", "mn": "to put back up; to stand back up", "fr": 5683}, {"w": "直感", "rd": "ちょっかん", "mn": "intuition; instinct; hunch", "fr": 5707}, {"w": "直撃", "rd": "ちょくげき", "mn": "direct hit", "fr": 5940}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 777, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "朝", "g": 2, "o": 148, "f": 248, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "あさ", "m": "morning; dynasty; regime; epoch; period; (North) Korea", "pm": "morning", "r": [{"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "mist; ten; needle; early; sun; day; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "morning", "hs": "On the right we see the <i>moon</i> fading off into the first light of <b>morning</b> , and to the left, the <i>mist</i> that falls to give nature a shower to prepare it for the coming heat. If you can think of the <i>moon</i> tilting over to spill <i>mist</i> on your garden, you should have no trouble remembering which of all the elements in this story are to serve as primitives for constructing the character.", "ks": "There is mist as the moon fades away in the <b>morning</b>.", "v": [{"w": "朝", "rd": "あさ", "mn": "morning", "fr": 476}, {"w": "今朝", "rd": "けさ", "mn": "this morning", "fr": 1532}, {"w": "朝食", "rd": "ちょうしょく", "mn": "breakfast", "fr": 3606}, {"w": "毎朝", "rd": "まいあさ", "mn": "every morning", "fr": 5065}, {"w": "早朝", "rd": "そうちょう", "mn": "early morning", "fr": 5584}, {"w": "翌朝", "rd": "よくあさ", "mn": "next morning", "fr": 6626}, {"w": "朝日", "rd": "あさひ", "mn": "morning sun", "fr": 7006}, {"w": "朝ごはん", "rd": "あさごはん", "mn": "breakfast", "fr": 8328}, {"w": "朝ご飯", "rd": "あさごはん", "mn": "breakfast", "fr": 8582}, {"w": "朝飯", "rd": "あさめし", "mn": "breakfast", "fr": 12029}, {"w": "明朝", "rd": "みょうちょう", "mn": "tomorrow morning", "fr": 17299}, {"w": "朝一番", "rd": "あさいちばん", "mn": "first thing in the morning", "fr": 18527}, {"w": "朝方", "rd": "あさがた", "mn": "early morning; early hours; early in the morning", "fr": 20325}, {"w": "朝寝坊", "rd": "あさねぼう", "mn": "sleeping late in the morning; sleeping in; lie-in; oversleeping", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "北朝鮮", "rd": "きたちょうせん", "mn": "North Korea", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 238, "rp": 18, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "西", "g": 2, "o": 149, "f": 259, "j": null, "on": "セイ、サイ、ス", "kun": "にし", "m": "west; Spain", "pm": "west", "r": [{"c": "西", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "west"}], "hc": "one; four", "hk": "west", "hs": "To our way of counting directions, the <b>west</b> always comes fourth. So it is convenient to find the character for <i>four</i> in this kanji. But since we want only <i>one</i> of the <i>four</i> directions, the <b>west</b> adds the <i>one</i> at the top and sucks the <i>human legs</i> a bit out of their <i>mouth</i> in the process.", "ks": "The old <b>west</b> represented by a completely empty whiskey bottle (compare [sign of the bird](../v4/1427.html) (#1427 酉) whiskey bottle about one third full).", "v": [{"w": "西", "rd": "にし", "mn": "west", "fr": 2936}, {"w": "関西", "rd": "かんさい", "mn": "Kansai (region comprising Kyoto, Osaka, Kobe and surrounding prefectures)", "fr": 14068}, {"w": "西洋", "rd": "せいよう", "mn": "the West; the Occident; Western countries", "fr": 14957}, {"w": "西側", "rd": "にしがわ", "mn": "west side; west bank", "fr": 15165}, {"w": "西南", "rd": "せいなん", "mn": "south-west", "fr": 16028}, {"w": "東西", "rd": "とうざい", "mn": "east and west", "fr": 18022}, {"w": "北西", "rd": "ほくせい", "mn": "northwest", "fr": 20477}, {"w": "南西", "rd": "なんせい", "mn": "southwest", "fr": 20973}, {"w": "西部", "rd": "せいぶ", "mn": "western part; the west (of a region)", "fr": 24121}, {"w": "西暦", "rd": "せいれき", "mn": "Common Era; CE; Christian Era; anno domini; AD", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "大西洋", "rd": "たいせいよう", "mn": "Atlantic Ocean", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "西ドイツ", "rd": "にしドイツ", "mn": "West Germany (1949-1990); Federal Republic of Germany", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "西口", "rd": "にしぐち", "mn": "west entrance; west exit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "西方", "rd": "せいほう", "mn": "western direction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "西日本", "rd": "にしにほん", "mn": "western Japan (usu. Chūbu region and westward)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 810, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "台", "g": 2, "o": 150, "f": 262, "j": null, "on": "ダイ、タイ", "kun": "うてな、われ、つかさ", "m": "pedestal; a stand; counter for machines and vehicles", "pm": "pedestal", "r": [{"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "elbow; mouth", "hk": "pedestal", "hs": "Elbow . . . mouth.", "ks": "When someone's <i>elbow</i> is above your <i>mouth</i> he/she is probably standing on a <b>pedestal</b>.", "v": [{"w": "舞台", "rd": "ぶたい", "mn": "stage (of a theatre, concert hall, etc.)", "fr": 2566}, {"w": "台", "rd": "だい", "mn": "stand; rest; base; pedestal; platform; table; holder; support; rack", "fr": 2917}, {"w": "台所", "rd": "だいどころ", "mn": "kitchen", "fr": 5014}, {"w": "台無し", "rd": "だいなし", "mn": "spoiled; spoilt; ruined; wasted (chance, etc.); messed up; destroyed; (coming to", "fr": 7331}, {"w": "屋台", "rd": "やたい", "mn": "cart (esp. a food cart); stall; stand", "fr": 7434}, {"w": "台本", "rd": "だいほん", "mn": "script; libretto; scenario", "fr": 9775}, {"w": "台風", "rd": "たいふう", "mn": "typhoon; hurricane", "fr": 10008}, {"w": "一台", "rd": "いちだい", "mn": "one machine; one vehicle", "fr": 11041}, {"w": "土台", "rd": "どだい", "mn": "foundation; base; basis", "fr": 12788}, {"w": "荷台", "rd": "にだい", "mn": "(truck) load-carrying tray; (bicycle) luggage carrier; roof rack", "fr": 16857}, {"w": "高台", "rd": "たかだい", "mn": "high ground; elevation; hill; plateau", "fr": 17429}, {"w": "寝台", "rd": "しんだい", "mn": "bed; couch", "fr": 23937}, {"w": "仙台", "rd": "せんだい", "mn": "Sendai (city in Miyagi)", "fr": 24687}, {"w": "灯台", "rd": "とうだい", "mn": "lighthouse", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "初舞台", "rd": "はつぶたい", "mn": "debut; initial stage appearance", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 273, "rp": 40, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "広", "g": 2, "o": 151, "f": 263, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "ひろ.い、ひろ.まる、ひろ.める、ひろ.がる、ひろ.げる", "m": "wide; broad; spacious", "pm": "wide", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}], "hc": "cave; elbow", "hk": "wide", "hs": "Cave . . . elbow.", "ks": "A wide cave has a lot of \"elbow room\".", "v": [{"w": "広い", "rd": "ひろい", "mn": "spacious; vast; wide", "fr": 1051}, {"w": "広がる", "rd": "ひろがる", "mn": "to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g", "fr": 1447}, {"w": "広げる", "rd": "ひろげる", "mn": "to spread; to extend; to expand; to enlarge; to widen; to broaden", "fr": 1942}, {"w": "広まる", "rd": "ひろまる", "mn": "to spread; to be propagated", "fr": 5045}, {"w": "繰り広げる", "rd": "くりひろげる", "mn": "to unfold; to unroll; to open", "fr": 5407}, {"w": "広場", "rd": "ひろば", "mn": "public square; square; plaza; piazza; forum", "fr": 5846}, {"w": "広さ", "rd": "ひろさ", "mn": "area; extent; dimensions; size", "fr": 6297}, {"w": "広大", "rd": "こうだい", "mn": "vast; extensive; immense; huge; large; grand; magnificent", "fr": 7591}, {"w": "広める", "rd": "ひろめる", "mn": "to spread; to propagate; to popularize; to disseminate", "fr": 7754}, {"w": "広告", "rd": "こうこく", "mn": "advertisement; advertising", "fr": 9787}, {"w": "広範囲", "rd": "こうはんい", "mn": "extensive; vast range; wide scope", "fr": 14072}, {"w": "幅広い", "rd": "はばひろい", "mn": "extensive; wide; broad", "fr": 14891}, {"w": "広報", "rd": "こうほう", "mn": "public relations; PR; publicity; public information", "fr": 19172}, {"w": "広がり", "rd": "ひろがり", "mn": "spread; span; expanse; extent", "fr": 19781}, {"w": "広島", "rd": "ひろしま", "mn": "Hiroshima (city, prefecture)", "fr": 21876}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 244, "rp": 28, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "電", "g": 2, "o": 152, "f": 268, "j": null, "on": "デン", "kun": "", "m": "electricity", "pm": "electricity", "r": [{"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "rain; weather; eel; sun; day", "hk": "electricity", "hs": "Rain/weather . . . eel.", "ks": "When it RAINS , if you put an electric EEL in the swimming pool , you can generate ELECTRICITY.", "v": [{"w": "電話", "rd": "でんわ", "mn": "telephone call; phone call", "fr": 654}, {"w": "電車", "rd": "でんしゃ", "mn": "train; electric train", "fr": 2355}, {"w": "電気", "rd": "でんき", "mn": "electricity", "fr": 2641}, {"w": "携帯電話", "rd": "けいたいでんわ", "mn": "mobile phone; cell phone", "fr": 5134}, {"w": "電波", "rd": "でんぱ", "mn": "radio wave; reception; signal", "fr": 5382}, {"w": "電源", "rd": "でんげん", "mn": "source of electricity; electrical power", "fr": 5985}, {"w": "電話番号", "rd": "でんわばんごう", "mn": "telephone number; phone number", "fr": 6698}, {"w": "電子", "rd": "でんし", "mn": "electron", "fr": 9851}, {"w": "電流", "rd": "でんりゅう", "mn": "electric current", "fr": 10437}, {"w": "充電", "rd": "じゅうでん", "mn": "charging (electrically)", "fr": 10470}, {"w": "電撃", "rd": "でんげき", "mn": "electric shock", "fr": 11309}, {"w": "電池", "rd": "でんち", "mn": "battery; cell", "fr": 12016}, {"w": "停電", "rd": "ていでん", "mn": "power outage; power failure; power cut; blackout", "fr": 12537}, {"w": "懐中電灯", "rd": "かいちゅうでんとう", "mn": "(electric) torch; flashlight", "fr": 16528}, {"w": "終電", "rd": "しゅうでん", "mn": "last train (of the day)", "fr": 18223}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 453, "rp": 11, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "少", "g": 2, "o": 153, "f": 287, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "すく.ない、すこ.し", "m": "few; little", "pm": "few", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}], "hc": "little; small; drop", "hk": "few", "hs": "First we need to look at the fourth stroke, the <i>drop</i> at the bottom that has been extended into a longer diagonal stroke leaning left. This happens because a single, isolated drop will NEVER appear beneath its relative primitive in its normal size, for fear it would drop off and get lost. As for the meaning, let the tiny <i>drop</i> indicate a further belittling of what is already <i>little</i> \\- thus making it a <b>few</b> of something <i>little</i>.", "ks": "A happy grin, after a few drinks.", "v": [{"w": "少し", "rd": "すこし", "mn": "a little; a bit; a small amount; a few; some; slightly; somewhat", "fr": 124}, {"w": "少ない", "rd": "すくない", "mn": "few; little; small (amount); low; scarce; insufficient; seldom; rare", "fr": 951}, {"w": "少女", "rd": "しょうじょ", "mn": "girl (usu. between 7 and 17); young lady", "fr": 1485}, {"w": "少なくとも", "rd": "すくなくとも", "mn": "at least", "fr": 1530}, {"w": "少年", "rd": "しょうねん", "mn": "boy", "fr": 1669}, {"w": "少々", "rd": "しょうしょう", "mn": "a little; a bit; a small amount; a few; a pinch; some", "fr": 1670}, {"w": "多少", "rd": "たしょう", "mn": "a little; some; somewhat; slightly; to some degree; to some extent", "fr": 1872}, {"w": "少しずつ", "rd": "すこしずつ", "mn": "little by little; bit by bit", "fr": 2643}, {"w": "数少ない", "rd": "かずすくない", "mn": "few in number", "fr": 7449}, {"w": "少なからず", "rd": "すくなからず", "mn": "considerably; not a little; in no small numbers", "fr": 7975}, {"w": "少数", "rd": "しょうすう", "mn": "small number; few; minority", "fr": 12402}, {"w": "ほんの少し", "rd": "ほんのすこし", "mn": "just a little", "fr": 12622}, {"w": "減少", "rd": "げんしょう", "mn": "decrease; reduction; decline", "fr": 12952}, {"w": "少量", "rd": "しょうりょう", "mn": "small quantity; small amount", "fr": 15220}, {"w": "少", "rd": "しょう", "mn": "small; little; few", "fr": 15276}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1143, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "工", "g": 2, "o": 154, "f": 299, "j": null, "on": "コウ、ク、グ", "kun": "", "m": "craft; construction; katakana e radical (no. 48)", "pm": "craft", "r": [{"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}], "hc": "artificial", "hk": "craft", "hs": "The pictograph of an I beam, like the kind used in heavy construction work on buildings and bridges, gives us the character for <b>craft</b> in general.", "ks": "Icraft, beautifully craft ed by apple!", "v": [{"w": "工場", "rd": "こうじょう", "mn": "factory; plant; mill; workshop", "fr": 4355}, {"w": "工夫", "rd": "くふう", "mn": "devising (a way); contriving; inventing; thinking up; figuring out; coming up wi", "fr": 6221}, {"w": "工事", "rd": "こうじ", "mn": "construction work", "fr": 6957}, {"w": "細工", "rd": "さいく", "mn": "work; workmanship; craftsmanship; handiwork", "fr": 7064}, {"w": "加工", "rd": "かこう", "mn": "manufacturing; processing; treatment; machining", "fr": 7732}, {"w": "工作", "rd": "こうさく", "mn": "handicraft", "fr": 9893}, {"w": "人工", "rd": "じんこう", "mn": "artificial; man-made; human work; human skill; artificiality", "fr": 11507}, {"w": "工程", "rd": "こうてい", "mn": "process; operation; stage of a process; progress of work", "fr": 15153}, {"w": "工房", "rd": "こうぼう", "mn": "workshop; studio; atelier", "fr": 15311}, {"w": "人工的", "rd": "じんこうてき", "mn": "artificial; unnatural", "fr": 15685}, {"w": "大工", "rd": "だいく", "mn": "carpenter", "fr": 19813}, {"w": "工業", "rd": "こうぎょう", "mn": "(manufacturing) industry", "fr": 22160}, {"w": "工員", "rd": "こういん", "mn": "factory worker", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "工学", "rd": "こうがく", "mn": "engineering", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "工芸", "rd": "こうげい", "mn": "industrial arts; craft", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 259, "rp": 20, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "語", "g": 2, "o": 155, "f": 301, "j": null, "on": "ゴ", "kun": "かた.る、かた.らう", "m": "word; speech; language", "pm": "word", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "吾", "nj": "ゴ", "ne": "I"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; I; five; mouth", "hk": "word", "hs": "Whereas the character for <i>say</i> focused on the actual talking, that for <b>words</b> stresses the fact that although it is <i>I</i> who <i>say</i> them, the <b>words</b> of a language are not my own. You can see the clear distinction between <i>I</i> and <b>words</b> just by looking at the kanji.", "ks": "Jesus said, \"I am the WORD.\".", "v": [{"w": "語る", "rd": "かたる", "mn": "to talk about; to speak of; to tell; to narrate", "fr": 1383}, {"w": "物語", "rd": "ものがたり", "mn": "story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend", "fr": 1841}, {"w": "英語", "rd": "えいご", "mn": "English (language)", "fr": 3285}, {"w": "日本語", "rd": "にほんご", "mn": "Japanese (language)", "fr": 4277}, {"w": "単語", "rd": "たんご", "mn": "word; vocabulary", "fr": 5038}, {"w": "敬語", "rd": "けいご", "mn": "honorific; term of respect; polite expression; honorific language", "fr": 6142}, {"w": "語", "rd": "ご", "mn": "word; term", "fr": 7215}, {"w": "言語", "rd": "げんご", "mn": "language", "fr": 8292}, {"w": "物語る", "rd": "ものがたる", "mn": "to tell (a story); to give an account of (an event, experience, etc.); to relate", "fr": 9157}, {"w": "国語", "rd": "こくご", "mn": "national language", "fr": 13291}, {"w": "用語", "rd": "ようご", "mn": "term; terminology", "fr": 16737}, {"w": "フランス語", "rd": "フランスご", "mn": "French (language)", "fr": 19445}, {"w": "私語", "rd": "しご", "mn": "whispering; private talk; talking (during a class, lecture, etc.)", "fr": 20293}, {"w": "語り", "rd": "かたり", "mn": "talk; recital", "fr": 20640}, {"w": "語らう", "rd": "かたらう", "mn": "to talk; to tell; to recite; to pledge; to conspire with", "fr": 21068}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 905, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "止", "g": 2, "o": 156, "f": 310, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "と.まる、-ど.まり、と.める、-と.める、-ど.め、とど.める、とど.め、とど.まる、や.める、や.む、-や.む、よ.す、-さ.す、-さ.し", "m": "stop; halt", "pm": "stop", "r": [{"c": "卜", "nj": "ぼく", "ne": "oracle"}], "hc": "footprint", "hk": "stop", "hs": "The character for <b>stop</b> is easiest to learn as a pictograph, though you have to take a moment to see it. Take it as a rather crude drawing of a footprint: the first 3 strokes represent the front of the foot and the last the heel. The big toe (stroke 2 sticking out to the right) on the right indicates that this is a left foot.", "ks": "If you find in the <i>ground</i> a <i>walking stick</i> with a <i>magic wand</i> , <b>STOP</b>! Maybe it's some kind of macumba/black magic/voodoo bad thing.", "v": [{"w": "止める", "rd": "とめる", "mn": "to stop; to turn off", "fr": 390}, {"w": "止まる", "rd": "とどまる", "mn": "to remain; to abide; to stay (in the one place)", "fr": 560}, {"w": "禁止", "rd": "きんし", "mn": "prohibition; inhibition; ban", "fr": 1579}, {"w": "受け止める", "rd": "うけとめる", "mn": "to catch; to stop the blow", "fr": 2090}, {"w": "止す", "rd": "よす", "mn": "to stop (doing); to cease; to desist; to drop; to lay off; to give up; to quit", "fr": 2497}, {"w": "中止", "rd": "ちゅうし", "mn": "interruption; discontinuance; suspension; stoppage", "fr": 2896}, {"w": "停止", "rd": "ていし", "mn": "stoppage; coming to a stop; halt; standstill", "fr": 3403}, {"w": "立ち止まる", "rd": "たちどまる", "mn": "to stop (in one's tracks); to come to a stop; to halt; to pause; to stand still", "fr": 3483}, {"w": "阻止", "rd": "そし", "mn": "obstruction; prevention; hindrance; check; blocking; stopping", "fr": 4221}, {"w": "止む", "rd": "やむ", "mn": "to cease; to stop; to be over", "fr": 6087}, {"w": "引き止める", "rd": "ひきとめる", "mn": "to detain; to check; to restrain; to stop", "fr": 6804}, {"w": "食い止める", "rd": "くいとめる", "mn": "to check; to hold back; to keep at bay; to stop; to prevent; to stem; to curb; t", "fr": 7041}, {"w": "足止め", "rd": "あしどめ", "mn": "preventing (someone) from leaving; confinement; keeping indoors; inducement to s", "fr": 7098}, {"w": "制止", "rd": "せいし", "mn": "control; check; restraint; inhibition", "fr": 8160}, {"w": "行き止まり", "rd": "いきどまり", "mn": "dead end; blind alley; no through road (i.e. on signage); cul-de-sac", "fr": 9542}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 199, "rp": 19, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "聞", "g": 2, "o": 157, "f": 319, "j": null, "on": "ブン、モン", "kun": "き.く、き.こえる", "m": "hear; ask; listen", "pm": "hear", "r": [{"c": "門", "nj": "もんがまえ", "ne": "gate"}, {"c": "耳", "nj": "みみ", "ne": "ear"}], "hc": "gates; ear", "hk": "hear", "hs": "<i>Gates</i> . . . <i>ear</i>. Compare the story you invented for the kanji meaning <i>listen</i> (Frame 890).", "ks": "Press your ear to the gates and see if you can <b>hear</b> what is going on inside.", "v": [{"w": "聞く", "rd": "きく", "mn": "to hear", "fr": 67}, {"w": "聞こえる", "rd": "きこえる", "mn": "to be heard; to be audible; to reach one's ears", "fr": 347}, {"w": "聞かす", "rd": "きかす", "mn": "to let (someone) hear; to tell (e.g. a story); to inform (of)", "fr": 1877}, {"w": "新聞", "rd": "しんぶん", "mn": "newspaper", "fr": 3326}, {"w": "聞き取る", "rd": "ききとる", "mn": "to catch (someone's words); to make out; to follow; to understand", "fr": 6276}, {"w": "前代未聞", "rd": "ぜんだいみもん", "mn": "unheard-of; unprecedented; unparalleled in history (unparallelled); record-break", "fr": 12525}, {"w": "新聞社", "rd": "しんぶんしゃ", "mn": "newspaper company", "fr": 21436}, {"w": "聞き取り", "rd": "ききとり", "mn": "listening comprehension; aural comprehension", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "スポーツ新聞", "rd": "スポーツしんぶん", "mn": "sports newspaper", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新聞紙", "rd": "しんぶんし", "mn": "newsprint; newspaper used for wrapping, packing, etc.", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新聞記事", "rd": "しんぶんきじ", "mn": "newspaper story (article, account)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "聞き手", "rd": "ききて", "mn": "hearer; listener; audience", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "聞き書き", "rd": "ききがき", "mn": "writing down what one hears; account of what one hears", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "聴聞", "rd": "ちょうもん", "mn": "listening; hearing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "見聞", "rd": "けんぶん", "mn": "information; experience; knowledge; observation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 815, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "切", "g": 2, "o": 158, "f": 324, "j": null, "on": "セツ、サイ", "kun": "き.る、-き.る、き.り、-き.り、-ぎ.り、き.れる、-き.れる、き.れ、-き.れ、-ぎ.れ", "m": "cut; cutoff; be sharp", "pm": "cut", "r": [{"c": "七", "nj": "シチ", "ne": "seven"}, {"c": "刀", "nj": "かたな", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "seven; diced; sword; dagger", "hk": "cut", "hs": "To the right we see the <i>dagger</i> and next to it the number <i>seven</i> whose primitive meaning we decided would be <i>diced</i> (Frame 7). It is hard to think of <b>cutting</b> anything with a knife without imagining one of those skillful Japanese chefs. Only let us say that he has had too much to drink at a party, grabs a <i>dagger</i> lying on the mantelpiece and starts <i>dicing</i> up everything insight, starting with the hors d'oeuvres and going on to the furniture and the carpets....", "ks": "Seven swords cut better than one.", "v": [{"w": "大切", "rd": "たいせつ", "mn": "important; significant; serious; crucial", "fr": 608}, {"w": "切る", "rd": "きる", "mn": "to cut; to cut through; to perform (surgery)", "fr": 623}, {"w": "切れる", "rd": "きれる", "mn": "to break; to snap; to be cut; to split; to crack", "fr": 961}, {"w": "裏切る", "rd": "うらぎる", "mn": "to betray; to turn traitor (to); to double-cross; to go back on; to be unfaithfu", "fr": 1292}, {"w": "一切", "rd": "いっさい", "mn": "all; everything; entirety; the whole", "fr": 1321}, {"w": "言い切る", "rd": "いいきる", "mn": "to declare; to assert; to state definitively", "fr": 3399}, {"w": "親切", "rd": "しんせつ", "mn": "kind; gentle; considerate; generous; friendly; nice", "fr": 3522}, {"w": "張り切る", "rd": "はりきる", "mn": "to be in high spirits; to be full of vigor (vigour); to be enthusiastic; to be e", "fr": 3571}, {"w": "切ない", "rd": "せつない", "mn": "painful; heartrending; trying", "fr": 3898}, {"w": "切り替える", "rd": "きりかえる", "mn": "to change; to switch; to change over (to); to renew", "fr": 4052}, {"w": "途切れる", "rd": "とぎれる", "mn": "to break off; to come to an end; to be interrupted; to be cut short; to pause", "fr": 4657}, {"w": "思い切る", "rd": "おもいきる", "mn": "to give up (all thoughts of); to abandon; to despair of", "fr": 4763}, {"w": "裏切り者", "rd": "うらぎりもの", "mn": "betrayer; traitor; turncoat; informer", "fr": 5079}, {"w": "乗り切る", "rd": "のりきる", "mn": "to weather (a storm, rough seas); to ride across; to sail across", "fr": 5581}, {"w": "切れ", "rd": "きれ", "mn": "piece; slice; strip; scrap", "fr": 5740}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 138, "rp": 27, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "食", "g": 2, "o": 159, "f": 328, "j": null, "on": "ショク、ジキ", "kun": "く.う、く.らう、た.べる、は.む", "m": "eat; food", "pm": "eat", "r": [{"c": "食", "nj": "しょく", "ne": "food"}], "hc": "food; umbrella; good; halo; drop; silver", "hk": "eat", "hs": "If <i>halo</i> and <i>umbrella</i> aren't enough, break the <i>halo</i> down into <i>drop</i> and <i>silver</i> \\- or  \"silverware,\" an additional primitive.", "ks": "That <i>umbrella</i> looks <i>good</i> enough to <b>eat</b>!", "v": [{"w": "食べる", "rd": "たべる", "mn": "to eat", "fr": 194}, {"w": "食う", "rd": "くう", "mn": "to eat", "fr": 589}, {"w": "食事", "rd": "しょくじ", "mn": "meal (e.g. lunch, dinner)", "fr": 946}, {"w": "食べ物", "rd": "たべもの", "mn": "food", "fr": 2071}, {"w": "食らう", "rd": "くらう", "mn": "to eat; to drink; to wolf; to knock back", "fr": 2952}, {"w": "夕食", "rd": "ゆうしょく", "mn": "evening meal; dinner", "fr": 3297}, {"w": "食", "rd": "しょく", "mn": "food; foodstuff", "fr": 3408}, {"w": "朝食", "rd": "ちょうしょく", "mn": "breakfast", "fr": 3606}, {"w": "食欲", "rd": "しょくよく", "mn": "appetite (for food)", "fr": 3994}, {"w": "食材", "rd": "しょくざい", "mn": "foodstuff; ingredient", "fr": 4399}, {"w": "食堂", "rd": "しょくどう", "mn": "dining room; dining hall; cafeteria; canteen; messroom", "fr": 4599}, {"w": "食料", "rd": "しょくりょう", "mn": "food", "fr": 5195}, {"w": "昼食", "rd": "ちゅうしょく", "mn": "lunch; midday meal", "fr": 5445}, {"w": "食器", "rd": "しょっき", "mn": "tableware", "fr": 6002}, {"w": "食い込む", "rd": "くいこむ", "mn": "to bite into (e.g. rope into skin); to cut into; to dig into (e.g. of fingernail", "fr": 6470}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 927, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "何", "g": 2, "o": 160, "f": 340, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "なに、なん、なに-、なん-", "m": "what", "pm": "what", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "可", "nj": "カ", "ne": "can"}], "hc": "person; can; mouth; street; nail; spike", "hk": "what", "hs": "Person . . . can.", "ks": "<b>What</b> can Mr T do? 'You mean: <b>what</b> can't MR T do, you fool'.", "v": [{"w": "何", "rd": "なに", "mn": "what", "fr": 79}, {"w": "何か", "rd": "なにか", "mn": "something; some; any", "fr": 112}, {"w": "何時も", "rd": "いつも", "mn": "always; all the time; at all times", "fr": 171}, {"w": "何も", "rd": "なにも", "mn": "(not) anything; (nothing) at all; (not) any; nothing", "fr": 379}, {"w": "何で", "rd": "なんで", "mn": "why?; what for?", "fr": 482}, {"w": "何度", "rd": "なんど", "mn": "how many times", "fr": 591}, {"w": "何とか", "rd": "なんとか", "mn": "something; something or other; so-and-so", "fr": 1302}, {"w": "何て", "rd": "なんて", "mn": "how ...!; what ...!", "fr": 1461}, {"w": "何年", "rd": "なんねん", "mn": "how many years; how long", "fr": 1494}, {"w": "何人", "rd": "なにびと", "mn": "anyone; any person; whoever", "fr": 1627}, {"w": "何者", "rd": "なにもの", "mn": "who; what kind of person", "fr": 1666}, {"w": "何と", "rd": "なんと", "mn": "what; how", "fr": 1836}, {"w": "何より", "rd": "なにより", "mn": "above anything else; above all; more than anything", "fr": 1894}, {"w": "何だか", "rd": "なんだか", "mn": "(a) little; somewhat; somehow", "fr": 2029}, {"w": "何となく", "rd": "なんとなく", "mn": "somehow; for some reason (or other); without knowing why", "fr": 2098}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 908, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "南", "g": 2, "o": 161, "f": 341, "j": null, "on": "ナン、ナ", "kun": "みなみ", "m": "south", "pm": "south", "r": [{"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "冂", "nj": "けいがまえ", "ne": "to enclose"}, {"c": "干", "nj": "かん", "ne": "to dry"}], "hc": "ten; needle; belt; happiness; ten; needle; stand up; vase", "hk": "south", "hs": "<i>Belt</i> . . . <i>happiness</i>. Note how the <i>belt</i> runs through the middle of <i>happiness</i>.", "ks": "<b>South</b> of my <i>belt</i> leads to <i>happiness</i>.", "v": [{"w": "南", "rd": "みなみ", "mn": "south", "fr": 3133}, {"w": "西南", "rd": "せいなん", "mn": "south-west", "fr": 16028}, {"w": "南部", "rd": "なんぶ", "mn": "southern part; the south (of a region)", "fr": 17407}, {"w": "南側", "rd": "みなみがわ", "mn": "south side", "fr": 20010}, {"w": "南西", "rd": "なんせい", "mn": "southwest", "fr": 20973}, {"w": "南方", "rd": "なんぽう", "mn": "the south; southward; southern direction", "fr": 22558}, {"w": "南東", "rd": "なんとう", "mn": "southeast", "fr": 23822}, {"w": "南北", "rd": "なんぼく", "mn": "north and south; north to south", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "南極", "rd": "なんきょく", "mn": "South Pole", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "南米", "rd": "なんべい", "mn": "South America", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "中南米", "rd": "ちゅうなんべい", "mn": "Central and South America", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "南アフリカ", "rd": "みなみアフリカ", "mn": "South Africa", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "南北問題", "rd": "なんぼくもんだい", "mn": "North-South problem", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "南口", "rd": "みなみぐち", "mn": "south entrance; south exit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "南氷洋", "rd": "なんひょうよう", "mn": "Antarctic Ocean", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 945, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "番", "g": 2, "o": 162, "f": 348, "j": null, "on": "バン", "kun": "つが.い", "m": "turn; number in a series", "pm": "turn", "r": [{"c": "釆", "nj": "のごめ", "ne": "to separate"}, {"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}], "hc": "dice; animal tracks; drop; rice; rice field; brains", "hk": "turn", "hs": "This key word has been chosen for its overlay of several meanings similar to those of the kanji: a <b>turn</b> of duty, a round, a number, and so forth. Its composite elements: <i>animal tracks</i> . . . <i>rice field</i>.", "ks": "The famers take it in <b>turn</b> s to watch out for any animal tracks on their rice field.", "v": [{"w": "一番", "rd": "いちばん", "mn": "number one; first; first place", "fr": 337}, {"w": "番", "rd": "ばん", "mn": "number (in a series)", "fr": 948}, {"w": "出番", "rd": "でばん", "mn": "one's turn; one's shift", "fr": 2665}, {"w": "本番", "rd": "ほんばん", "mn": "performance (as opposed to practice); going before an audience or on-air; take", "fr": 2712}, {"w": "番号", "rd": "ばんごう", "mn": "number; series of digits", "fr": 3039}, {"w": "順番", "rd": "じゅんばん", "mn": "order; turn", "fr": 3203}, {"w": "番組", "rd": "ばんぐみ", "mn": "program (e.g. TV); programme", "fr": 3751}, {"w": "番目", "rd": "ばんめ", "mn": "the nth ...", "fr": 5097}, {"w": "留守番", "rd": "るすばん", "mn": "care-taking; house-sitting; house-watching; staying at home", "fr": 5267}, {"w": "定番", "rd": "ていばん", "mn": "standard item; usual thing; (a) classic; go-to choice; staple; regular fixture; ", "fr": 6274}, {"w": "電話番号", "rd": "でんわばんごう", "mn": "telephone number; phone number", "fr": 6698}, {"w": "当番", "rd": "とうばん", "mn": "being on duty; person on duty; one's turn", "fr": 8990}, {"w": "一番上", "rd": "いちばんうえ", "mn": "highest; uppermost; topmost; oldest; eldest", "fr": 10712}, {"w": "二番", "rd": "にばん", "mn": "second; number two; runner-up", "fr": 13844}, {"w": "交番", "rd": "こうばん", "mn": "police box; koban", "fr": 14296}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 646, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "算", "g": 2, "o": 163, "f": 361, "j": null, "on": "サン", "kun": "そろ", "m": "calculate; divining; number; abacus; probability", "pm": "calculate", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}, {"c": "廾", "nj": "にじゅうあし", "ne": "folded hands"}], "hc": "bamboo; eye; two hands", "hk": "calculate", "hs": "Bamboo . . . eyes . . . two hands.", "ks": "Gah! I just can't calculate this differential equation! So I take a sharp bamboo pen in each hand and jam them into my eyes out of frustration.", "v": [{"w": "計算", "rd": "けいさん", "mn": "calculation; computation; reckoning; counting; adding up; working out; figures", "fr": 2347}, {"w": "予算", "rd": "よさん", "mn": "estimate (of costs); budget", "fr": 4981}, {"w": "誤算", "rd": "ごさん", "mn": "miscalculation", "fr": 12706}, {"w": "清算", "rd": "せいさん", "mn": "(financial) settlement; squaring accounts; clearing debts", "fr": 18050}, {"w": "算数", "rd": "さんすう", "mn": "arithmetic", "fr": 21334}, {"w": "換算", "rd": "かんさん", "mn": "conversion (e.g. yen to dollars); change; exchange; translation (numerical)", "fr": 22439}, {"w": "割り算", "rd": "わりざん", "mn": "division", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "引き算", "rd": "ひきざん", "mn": "subtraction", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "掛け算", "rd": "かけざん", "mn": "multiplication", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "採算", "rd": "さいさん", "mn": "profit", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "決算", "rd": "けっさん", "mn": "settlement of accounts; closing accounts; financial results; reporting (of accou", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "算盤", "rd": "そろばん", "mn": "abacus; soroban", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "足し算", "rd": "たしざん", "mn": "addition", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "公算", "rd": "こうさん", "mn": "probability; likelihood", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "加算", "rd": "かさん", "mn": "addition; adding; supplement", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 79, "rp": 40, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "楽", "g": 2, "o": 164, "f": 373, "j": null, "on": "ガク、ラク、ゴウ", "kun": "たの.しい、たの.しむ、この.む", "m": "music; comfort; ease", "pm": "music", "r": [{"c": "白", "nj": "しろ", "ne": "white"}, {"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "white; dove; sparkler; tree; wood", "hk": "music", "hs": "Dove . . . sparkler . . . tree.", "ks": "Zelda: Ocarina of Time - The <i>white sparkly</i> thing is Navi. She's hovering/dancing around a <i>tree</i> to the legendary Lost <i>Woods</i> <b>music</b>.", "v": [{"w": "楽しい", "rd": "たのしい", "mn": "enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful", "fr": 300}, {"w": "楽しむ", "rd": "たのしむ", "mn": "to enjoy; to take pleasure in; to have a good time; to have fun; to amuse onesel", "fr": 633}, {"w": "楽しみ", "rd": "たのしみ", "mn": "enjoyment; pleasure; amusement; delight; joy; fun; diversion; hobby", "fr": 895}, {"w": "楽", "rd": "らく", "mn": "comfort; ease; relief; (at) peace; relaxation", "fr": 924}, {"w": "音楽", "rd": "おんがく", "mn": "music", "fr": 1993}, {"w": "気楽", "rd": "きらく", "mn": "carefree; comfortable; at ease", "fr": 3468}, {"w": "倶楽部", "rd": "クラブ", "mn": "club; fraternity; sorority; clubhouse", "fr": 5573}, {"w": "快楽", "rd": "かいらく", "mn": "pleasure", "fr": 6080}, {"w": "楽器", "rd": "がっき", "mn": "musical instrument", "fr": 8267}, {"w": "娯楽", "rd": "ごらく", "mn": "amusement; entertainment; recreation; pleasure; pastime; hobby", "fr": 9381}, {"w": "楽園", "rd": "らくえん", "mn": "paradise; Eden", "fr": 9416}, {"w": "楽観的", "rd": "らっかんてき", "mn": "optimistic; hopeful", "fr": 14958}, {"w": "極楽", "rd": "ごくらく", "mn": "Sukhavati (Amitabha's Pure Land)", "fr": 19185}, {"w": "楽屋", "rd": "がくや", "mn": "dressing room; green room; backstage", "fr": 22533}, {"w": "楽観", "rd": "らっかん", "mn": "optimism; taking an optimistic view", "fr": 24523}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 137, "rp": 31, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "万", "g": 2, "o": 165, "f": 375, "j": null, "on": "マン、バン", "kun": "よろず", "m": "ten thousand; 10,000", "pm": "ten thousand", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}], "hc": "one; ceiling; bound up", "hk": "ten thousand", "hs": "Japanese counts higher numbers in units of <b>ten thousand</b> , unlike the West, which advances according to units of one thousand. (Thus, for instance, 40,000 would be read \"four <b>ten-thousands</b> \" by a Japanese.) Given that the comma is used in larger numbers to <i>bind up</i> a numerical unit of one thousand, the elements for <i>one</i> and <i>bound up</i> naturally come to form <b>ten thousand</b>. The order of strokes here needs special attention, both because it falls outside the general principles we have learned already, and because it involves writing the element for <i>bound up</i> in an order opposite to the one we learned. If it is any consolation, this exception is consistent every time these three strokes come together.", "ks": "It looks like a T and an H put together.", "v": [{"w": "万", "rd": "まん", "mn": "10,000; ten thousand", "fr": 1331}, {"w": "万が一", "rd": "まんがいち", "mn": "(if) by some chance; by some possibility; in the unlikely event that", "fr": 2610}, {"w": "万全", "rd": "ばんぜん", "mn": "perfection; flawlessness", "fr": 5161}, {"w": "１００万", "rd": "ひゃくまん", "mn": "1,000,000; one million; million", "fr": 5981}, {"w": "１万", "rd": "いちまん", "mn": "10,000; ten thousand", "fr": 6323}, {"w": "１０万", "rd": "じゅうまん", "mn": "100,000; hundred thousand", "fr": 7399}, {"w": "万能", "rd": "ばんのう", "mn": "all-purpose; utility; universal", "fr": 8514}, {"w": "万一", "rd": "まんいち", "mn": "(unlikely event of) emergency; the worst(-case scenario)", "fr": 8759}, {"w": "万歳", "rd": "ばんざい", "mn": "banzai; hurray; hurrah; hooray", "fr": 9973}, {"w": "万事", "rd": "ばんじ", "mn": "all; everything", "fr": 10926}, {"w": "百万", "rd": "ひゃくまん", "mn": "1,000,000; one million; million", "fr": 12894}, {"w": "一万", "rd": "いちまん", "mn": "10,000; ten thousand", "fr": 12950}, {"w": "万年", "rd": "まんねん", "mn": "ten thousand years; eternity", "fr": 16863}, {"w": "数万", "rd": "すうまん", "mn": "tens of thousands", "fr": 16937}, {"w": "十万", "rd": "じゅうまん", "mn": "100,000; hundred thousand", "fr": 20452}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 55, "l": 8, "n": "方 万"}}, {"k": "店", "g": 2, "o": 166, "f": 378, "j": null, "on": "テン", "kun": "みせ、たな", "m": "store; shop", "pm": "store", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "占", "nj": "セン", "ne": "fortune-telling"}], "hc": "cave; fortune-telling; magic wand; augury; mouth", "hk": "store", "hs": "Cave . . . fortune-telling.", "ks": "The fortuneteller has a store in a cave.", "v": [{"w": "店", "rd": "てん", "mn": "store; shop; restaurant", "fr": 641}, {"w": "お店", "rd": "おみせ", "mn": "store; shop; establishment; restaurant", "fr": 1224}, {"w": "店員", "rd": "てんいん", "mn": "employee (of a store); shop assistant; clerk; salesperson", "fr": 2929}, {"w": "店長", "rd": "てんちょう", "mn": "shop manager", "fr": 4625}, {"w": "店内", "rd": "てんない", "mn": "inside of a store (restaurant, café, etc.); store interior; on the premises", "fr": 5142}, {"w": "喫茶店", "rd": "きっさてん", "mn": "coffee shop; tearoom; coffee lounge; coffeehouse; cafe", "fr": 5608}, {"w": "商店街", "rd": "しょうてんがい", "mn": "shopping district; shopping street; downtown", "fr": 6313}, {"w": "店主", "rd": "てんしゅ", "mn": "shopkeeper; storekeeper; proprietor of a shop", "fr": 7076}, {"w": "店舗", "rd": "てんぽ", "mn": "shop; store; establishment; restaurant", "fr": 9069}, {"w": "開店", "rd": "かいてん", "mn": "opening a new shop", "fr": 9574}, {"w": "閉店", "rd": "へいてん", "mn": "closing up shop (for the day)", "fr": 9969}, {"w": "書店", "rd": "しょてん", "mn": "bookshop; bookstore", "fr": 10674}, {"w": "飲食店", "rd": "いんしょくてん", "mn": "restaurant", "fr": 13322}, {"w": "出店", "rd": "しゅってん", "mn": "opening a new store; opening a new branch", "fr": 13395}, {"w": "商店", "rd": "しょうてん", "mn": "shop; store; firm", "fr": 13853}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 971, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "線", "g": 2, "o": 167, "f": 382, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "すじ", "m": "line; track", "pm": "line", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "泉", "nj": "セン", "ne": "spring"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; spring; white; dove; water", "hk": "line", "hs": "Thread . . . spring.", "ks": "Spiderman casts a line in order to get across a very hot srping.", "v": [{"w": "視線", "rd": "しせん", "mn": "one's line of sight; one's gaze; one's eyes (looking); glance; gaze; look", "fr": 1924}, {"w": "線", "rd": "せん", "mn": "line; stripe; stria", "fr": 2237}, {"w": "一直線", "rd": "いっちょくせん", "mn": "straight line", "fr": 7058}, {"w": "無線", "rd": "むせん", "mn": "radio (communication)", "fr": 9636}, {"w": "路線", "rd": "ろせん", "mn": "route (bus, train, air, etc.); line", "fr": 11746}, {"w": "前線", "rd": "ぜんせん", "mn": "(weather) front", "fr": 11820}, {"w": "直線", "rd": "ちょくせん", "mn": "straight line", "fr": 12486}, {"w": "新幹線", "rd": "しんかんせん", "mn": "Shinkansen; bullet train", "fr": 12609}, {"w": "一線", "rd": "いっせん", "mn": "one line; (a) single line", "fr": 12794}, {"w": "曲線", "rd": "きょくせん", "mn": "curve", "fr": 13278}, {"w": "最前線", "rd": "さいぜんせん", "mn": "front line; forefront", "fr": 14091}, {"w": "脱線", "rd": "だっせん", "mn": "derailment", "fr": 14141}, {"w": "回線", "rd": "かいせん", "mn": "circuit; line", "fr": 14203}, {"w": "光線", "rd": "こうせん", "mn": "ray (of light); beam; light", "fr": 14312}, {"w": "線路", "rd": "せんろ", "mn": "railway track; railway line; railroad; railway; track; line", "fr": 14454}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 81, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "声", "g": 2, "o": 168, "f": 388, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ショウ", "kun": "こえ、こわ-", "m": "voice", "pm": "voice", "r": [{"c": "士", "nj": "さむらい", "ne": "man"}], "hc": "samurai; flag; stick", "hk": "voice", "hs": "The <i>samurai</i> at the top is familiar enough. The combination beneath, which looks like a <i>flag</i> with a line running through it, is not. Try to devise some way to take note of it, and pay attention to the writing.", "ks": "When an enemy's <i>flag</i> is raised, a true <i>samurai</i> can <i>split</i> it in half with just his <b>voice</b>.", "v": [{"w": "声", "rd": "こえ", "mn": "voice", "fr": 187}, {"w": "笑い声", "rd": "わらいごえ", "mn": "(sound of) laughter; laughing voice", "fr": 2478}, {"w": "大声", "rd": "おおごえ", "mn": "loud voice", "fr": 3402}, {"w": "鳴き声", "rd": "なきごえ", "mn": "cry (of an animal); call; chirp; song; caw; roar; bark; yelp; meow", "fr": 3449}, {"w": "歓声", "rd": "かんせい", "mn": "cheer; shout of joy", "fr": 3906}, {"w": "泣き声", "rd": "なきごえ", "mn": "cry (e.g. of a baby); sob; whine", "fr": 4113}, {"w": "叫び声", "rd": "さけびごえ", "mn": "shout; yell; scream; cry", "fr": 5023}, {"w": "小声", "rd": "こごえ", "mn": "low voice; whisper", "fr": 5047}, {"w": "音声", "rd": "おんせい", "mn": "voice; speech; sound of a voice", "fr": 5600}, {"w": "話し声", "rd": "はなしごえ", "mn": "speaking voice; talking voice", "fr": 7607}, {"w": "銃声", "rd": "じゅうせい", "mn": "sound of a gunshot; report of a gun", "fr": 7735}, {"w": "歌声", "rd": "うたごえ", "mn": "singing voice; (sound of) singing", "fr": 7821}, {"w": "声色", "rd": "こわいろ", "mn": "tone of voice", "fr": 10830}, {"w": "声援", "rd": "せいえん", "mn": "(shout of) encouragement; cheering; rooting; support", "fr": 11645}, {"w": "掛け声", "rd": "かけごえ", "mn": "shout (of encouragement, etc.); yell (used to time or encourage activity, e.g. \"", "fr": 11855}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 431, "rp": 11, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "親", "g": 2, "o": 169, "f": 406, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "おや、おや-、した.しい、した.しむ", "m": "parent; intimacy; relative; familiarity; dealer (cards)", "pm": "parent", "r": [{"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "見", "nj": "みる", "ne": "to see"}], "hc": "red pepper; stand up; vase; tree; wood; see; telescope; eye; human legs", "hk": "parent", "hs": "Red pepper . . . see.", "ks": "A PARENT STANDING at the top of their family TREE , LOOKING at their kids.", "v": [{"w": "親", "rd": "おや", "mn": "parent; parents; mother and father", "fr": 668}, {"w": "母親", "rd": "ははおや", "mn": "mother", "fr": 1009}, {"w": "父親", "rd": "ちちおや", "mn": "father", "fr": 1081}, {"w": "両親", "rd": "りょうしん", "mn": "parents; both parents", "fr": 1484}, {"w": "親父", "rd": "おやじ", "mn": "one's father; one's old man; dad; pops", "fr": 1964}, {"w": "親子", "rd": "おやこ", "mn": "parent and child", "fr": 2388}, {"w": "親友", "rd": "しんゆう", "mn": "close friend; bosom friend; buddy; crony; chum", "fr": 2511}, {"w": "親しい", "rd": "したしい", "mn": "close (e.g. friend); familiar; friendly; intimate", "fr": 3093}, {"w": "親戚", "rd": "しんせき", "mn": "relative; relation; kin", "fr": 3130}, {"w": "親切", "rd": "しんせつ", "mn": "kind; gentle; considerate; generous; friendly; nice", "fr": 3522}, {"w": "親指", "rd": "おやゆび", "mn": "thumb", "fr": 5945}, {"w": "親族", "rd": "しんぞく", "mn": "relative; relation; kin", "fr": 9723}, {"w": "親密", "rd": "しんみつ", "mn": "intimacy; friendship", "fr": 10608}, {"w": "親分", "rd": "おやぶん", "mn": "boss; leader; kingpin; chief; head (e.g. of a crime syndicate)", "fr": 12334}, {"w": "肉親", "rd": "にくしん", "mn": "blood relationship; blood relative", "fr": 12524}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 93, "rp": 39, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "形", "g": 2, "o": 170, "f": 418, "j": null, "on": "ケイ、ギョウ", "kun": "かた、-がた、かたち、なり", "m": "shape; form; style", "pm": "shape", "r": [{"c": "开", "nj": "", "ne": "open"}, {"c": "彡", "nj": "さんづくり", "ne": "hair-style"}], "hc": "two hands", "hk": "shape", "hs": "Two hands . . . shape.", "ks": "Mystique is in great shape! I wanna run my two hands over the shape of her body.", "v": [{"w": "形", "rd": "かたち", "mn": "(physical) form; shape; figure", "fr": 688}, {"w": "人形", "rd": "にんぎょう", "mn": "doll; puppet; marionette", "fr": 2359}, {"w": "形跡", "rd": "けいせき", "mn": "traces; evidence", "fr": 7362}, {"w": "形成", "rd": "けいせい", "mn": "formation; molding; making (up); taking form; giving form to", "fr": 7567}, {"w": "形式", "rd": "けいしき", "mn": "form (as opposed to substance)", "fr": 7568}, {"w": "形状", "rd": "けいじょう", "mn": "shape; form", "fr": 8282}, {"w": "変形", "rd": "へんけい", "mn": "transformation; variation; metamorphosis; modification; deformation; variety; de", "fr": 9735}, {"w": "形態", "rd": "けいたい", "mn": "form; shape; figure", "fr": 10617}, {"w": "形見", "rd": "かたみ", "mn": "memento (esp. of a deceased person); keepsake; heirloom; remembrance; souvenir", "fr": 11047}, {"w": "地形", "rd": "ちけい", "mn": "terrain; geographical features; topography", "fr": 11284}, {"w": "形容", "rd": "けいよう", "mn": "description; expression (in words); qualification (e.g. of a noun with an adject", "fr": 13104}, {"w": "髪形", "rd": "かみがた", "mn": "hair style; coiffure; hairdo", "fr": 14893}, {"w": "円形", "rd": "えんけい", "mn": "round shape; circle; circular form", "fr": 17565}, {"w": "造形", "rd": "ぞうけい", "mn": "molding; moulding; shaping; forming; modelling (i.e. plastic arts); modeling", "fr": 17892}, {"w": "三角形", "rd": "さんかくけい", "mn": "triangle", "fr": 19050}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 306, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "頭", "g": 2, "o": 171, "f": 433, "j": null, "on": "トウ、ズ、ト", "kun": "あたま、かしら、-がしら、かぶり", "m": "head; counter for large animals", "pm": "head", "r": [{"c": "豆", "nj": "まめ", "ne": "bean"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "beans; table; one; mouth; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "head", "hs": "Here we meet at last the full kanji on which the primitive for <b>head</b> is based. The elements: <i>table</i> . . . <i>head</i>.", "ks": "Mr. Bean has a funny head.", "v": [{"w": "頭", "rd": "あたま", "mn": "head", "fr": 266}, {"w": "頭上", "rd": "ずじょう", "mn": "overhead; above one's head; high in the sky", "fr": 5422}, {"w": "先頭", "rd": "せんとう", "mn": "head (of a line, group, etc.); front; lead; forefront; vanguard", "fr": 6034}, {"w": "頭痛", "rd": "ずつう", "mn": "headache", "fr": 6386}, {"w": "頭部", "rd": "とうぶ", "mn": "head", "fr": 6857}, {"w": "頭脳", "rd": "ずのう", "mn": "head; brains", "fr": 6927}, {"w": "没頭", "rd": "ぼっとう", "mn": "immersing oneself in; being absorbed in; devoting oneself to; giving oneself up ", "fr": 7063}, {"w": "筆頭", "rd": "ひっとう", "mn": "brush tip", "fr": 9573}, {"w": "冒頭", "rd": "ぼうとう", "mn": "beginning; opening; start; outset", "fr": 15030}, {"w": "出頭", "rd": "しゅっとう", "mn": "appearance; presence; attendance", "fr": 17753}, {"w": "教頭", "rd": "きょうとう", "mn": "deputy head teacher; vice principal", "fr": 20012}, {"w": "店頭", "rd": "てんとう", "mn": "shopfront; storefront; shopwindow; (near the) shop entrance", "fr": 20297}, {"w": "口頭", "rd": "こうとう", "mn": "oral; verbal; spoken; parol", "fr": 21737}, {"w": "街頭", "rd": "がいとう", "mn": "(on the) street", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "会頭", "rd": "かいとう", "mn": "society president", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 79, "rp": 72, "l": 12, "n": ""}}, {"k": "毎", "g": 2, "o": 172, "f": 436, "j": null, "on": "マイ", "kun": "ごと、-ごと.に", "m": "every", "pm": "every", "r": [{"c": "毋", "nj": "なかれ", "ne": "not"}], "hc": "reclining; lying down; mother", "hk": "every", "hs": "\"Behind <b>every</b> successful person <i>lies</i> a woman..., \" who usually turns out to be one's <i>mama</i>!", "ks": "Freud believed <b>every</b> man wants to <i>lie down</i> with his <i>mother</i>.", "v": [{"w": "毎日", "rd": "まいにち", "mn": "every day; daily", "fr": 562}, {"w": "毎年", "rd": "まいとし", "mn": "every year; yearly; annually", "fr": 2932}, {"w": "毎回", "rd": "まいかい", "mn": "every time; each round", "fr": 3389}, {"w": "毎晩", "rd": "まいばん", "mn": "every night", "fr": 4746}, {"w": "毎朝", "rd": "まいあさ", "mn": "every morning", "fr": 5065}, {"w": "毎度", "rd": "まいど", "mn": "each time; every time; always; often", "fr": 6330}, {"w": "毎月", "rd": "まいげつ", "mn": "every month; each month; monthly", "fr": 7093}, {"w": "毎日のように", "rd": "まいにちのように", "mn": "almost every day; almost daily", "fr": 7387}, {"w": "毎週", "rd": "まいしゅう", "mn": "every week", "fr": 8101}, {"w": "毎", "rd": "ごと", "mn": "each; every", "fr": 21825}, {"w": "毎に", "rd": "ごとに", "mn": "one by one; each; every; at intervals of", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "毎時", "rd": "まいじ", "mn": "every hour; hourly", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 312, "rp": 14, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "門", "g": 2, "o": 173, "f": 452, "j": null, "on": "モン", "kun": "かど、と", "m": "gate; counter for cannons", "pm": "gate", "r": [{"c": "門", "nj": "もんがまえ", "ne": "gate"}], "hc": "", "hk": "gates", "hs": "The pictograph of two swinging <b>gates</b> is so clear in this kanji that only its stroke order needs to be memorized. In case you should have any trouble, though, you might doodle with the shapes on a piece of paper, taking care to note the difference in the stroke order of the two facing doors. The <b>gates</b> usually serve as an enclosure, and are written BEFORE whatever it is they enclose.", "ks": "Bill Gates is just about to walk into a saloon.", "v": [{"w": "門", "rd": "もん", "mn": "gate", "fr": 2920}, {"w": "専門", "rd": "せんもん", "mn": "speciality; specialty; special subject of study; area of expertise; (one's) fiel", "fr": 3556}, {"w": "専門家", "rd": "せんもんか", "mn": "specialist; expert; professional; authority; pundit", "fr": 7164}, {"w": "校門", "rd": "こうもん", "mn": "school gate", "fr": 9179}, {"w": "部門", "rd": "ぶもん", "mn": "division (of a larger group); branch; field; class (subclass); group; category; ", "fr": 11326}, {"w": "名門", "rd": "めいもん", "mn": "distinguished family; famous family; noble family", "fr": 12240}, {"w": "正門", "rd": "せいもん", "mn": "main gate; main entrance", "fr": 12536}, {"w": "専門的", "rd": "せんもんてき", "mn": "technical; specialist; professional; exclusive", "fr": 17965}, {"w": "専門店", "rd": "せんもんてん", "mn": "specialist shop; shop specializing in a particular type of product", "fr": 19236}, {"w": "関門", "rd": "かんもん", "mn": "barrier; checkpoint; gateway", "fr": 20818}, {"w": "門前払い", "rd": "もんぜんばらい", "mn": "turning someone away (at the front door); refusing a visitor; shutting the door ", "fr": 22525}, {"w": "専門学校", "rd": "せんもんがっこう", "mn": "vocational school; technical school", "fr": 22920}, {"w": "入門", "rd": "にゅうもん", "mn": "becoming a pupil (of); becoming a disciple; entering an institution; beginning t", "fr": 23006}, {"w": "一門", "rd": "いちもん", "mn": "family; clan; kin", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宗門", "rd": "しゅうもん", "mn": "(religious) denomination; sect", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 221, "rp": 27, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "答", "g": 2, "o": 174, "f": 486, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "こた.える、こた.え", "m": "solution; answer", "pm": "solution", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "合", "nj": "ゴウ", "ne": "fit"}], "hc": "bamboo; fit; meeting; umbrella; one; mouth", "hk": "solution", "hs": "Bamboo . . . fit.", "ks": "The <b>solution</b> to this puzzle is, like the match stick game, to make the <i>bamboo</i> pieces <i>fit together</i>.", "v": [{"w": "答える", "rd": "こたえる", "mn": "to answer; to reply", "fr": 598}, {"w": "答え", "rd": "こたえ", "mn": "answer; reply; response", "fr": 976}, {"w": "返答", "rd": "へんとう", "mn": "reply; answer", "fr": 4873}, {"w": "回答", "rd": "かいとう", "mn": "reply; answer", "fr": 6454}, {"w": "応答", "rd": "おうとう", "mn": "reply; answer; response", "fr": 8220}, {"w": "問答", "rd": "もんどう", "mn": "questions and answers; dialogue", "fr": 12239}, {"w": "口答え", "rd": "くちごたえ", "mn": "retort; back talk; backchat", "fr": 13213}, {"w": "解答", "rd": "かいとう", "mn": "answer; solution", "fr": 13443}, {"w": "答", "rd": "こたえ", "mn": "answer; reply; response", "fr": 20913}, {"w": "答案", "rd": "とうあん", "mn": "examination paper; examination script; answer sheet", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "押し問答", "rd": "おしもんどう", "mn": "arguing back and forth; bandying words; verbal tug-of-war", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禅問答", "rd": "ぜんもんどう", "mn": "Zen dialogue; Zen questions and answers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "答弁", "rd": "とうべん", "mn": "response; reply; answer; defence; defense", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "答申", "rd": "とうしん", "mn": "report; reply; findings", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "贈答", "rd": "ぞうとう", "mn": "exchange of presents", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 278, "rp": 40, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "夜", "g": 2, "o": 175, "f": 487, "j": null, "on": "ヤ", "kun": "よ、よる", "m": "night; evening", "pm": "night", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "夕", "nj": "ゆうべ", "ne": "evening"}], "hc": "top hat; person; walking legs; drop", "hk": "night", "hs": "First of all, be sure not to confuse the connotations of <b>night</b> with those of <i>evening</i> (Frame 114) and <i>nightbreak</i> (Frame 30). Its elements: <i>top hat</i> . . . <i>person</i> . . . <i>walking legs</i> . . . <i>drop</i>.", "ks": "An elegant vampire. Going out in his night suit with a top hat, the creature looks like a person with long walking legs. The drop is the blood that the vampire seeks.", "v": [{"w": "夜", "rd": "よる", "mn": "night; evening", "fr": 369}, {"w": "今夜", "rd": "こんや", "mn": "this evening; tonight", "fr": 900}, {"w": "夜中", "rd": "よなか", "mn": "middle of the night; dead of night", "fr": 2690}, {"w": "昨夜", "rd": "さくや", "mn": "last night; yesterday evening", "fr": 3023}, {"w": "深夜", "rd": "しんや", "mn": "late at night", "fr": 3746}, {"w": "徹夜", "rd": "てつや", "mn": "staying up all night", "fr": 5015}, {"w": "夜空", "rd": "よぞら", "mn": "night sky", "fr": 5177}, {"w": "一夜", "rd": "いちや", "mn": "one night; all night; overnight; one evening", "fr": 6292}, {"w": "夜明け", "rd": "よあけ", "mn": "dawn; daybreak", "fr": 6827}, {"w": "真夜中", "rd": "まよなか", "mn": "dead of night; midnight", "fr": 9532}, {"w": "夜更かし", "rd": "よふかし", "mn": "staying up late; sitting up late at night; keeping late hours", "fr": 11023}, {"w": "夜間", "rd": "やかん", "mn": "night; nighttime", "fr": 12824}, {"w": "夜景", "rd": "やけい", "mn": "night view; night skyline; nightscape", "fr": 13462}, {"w": "前夜", "rd": "ぜんや", "mn": "last night; the previous night", "fr": 17178}, {"w": "夜更け", "rd": "よふけ", "mn": "late at night; small hours of the morning", "fr": 17799}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 211, "rp": 52, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "帰", "g": 2, "o": 176, "f": 504, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "かえ.る、かえ.す、おく.る、とつ.ぐ", "m": "homecoming; arrive at; lead to; result in", "pm": "homecoming", "r": [{"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}, {"c": "帚", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "broom"}], "hc": "sword; spear; cutlass; feather duster; broom; apron; crown; towel", "hk": "homecoming", "hs": "<i>Spear</i> . . . <i>broom</i> . . . <i>apron</i>. The character for <i>lady</i> (Frame 1234) shares the same right side as this character, which does not bode for a very happy <b>homecoming</b>.", "ks": "Our high school theme was tradition. They gave the homecoming king a spear and the homecoming queen a broom and apron.", "v": [{"w": "帰る", "rd": "かえる", "mn": "to return; to come home; to go home; to go back", "fr": 121}, {"w": "帰り", "rd": "かえり", "mn": "return; coming back", "fr": 1230}, {"w": "お帰り", "rd": "おかえり", "mn": "return", "fr": 2721}, {"w": "帰す", "rd": "かえす", "mn": "to send (someone) back; to send (someone) home", "fr": 2853}, {"w": "持ち帰る", "rd": "もちかえる", "mn": "to take home; to carry home; to bring back home; to take out (e.g. food)", "fr": 3920}, {"w": "帰り道", "rd": "かえりみち", "mn": "the way back; the way home; return trip", "fr": 4306}, {"w": "帰宅", "rd": "きたく", "mn": "returning home; going home; coming home; getting home", "fr": 4532}, {"w": "復帰", "rd": "ふっき", "mn": "return; reversion; comeback; reinstatement", "fr": 4770}, {"w": "帰還", "rd": "きかん", "mn": "return (home); repatriation", "fr": 6126}, {"w": "お帰りなさい", "rd": "おかえりなさい", "mn": "welcome home", "fr": 7177}, {"w": "帰国", "rd": "きこく", "mn": "return to one's country", "fr": 7929}, {"w": "帰省", "rd": "きせい", "mn": "homecoming; returning home", "fr": 17036}, {"w": "帰路", "rd": "きろ", "mn": "return journey; one's way home; one's way back", "fr": 19618}, {"w": "日帰り", "rd": "ひがえり", "mn": "day trip", "fr": 20309}, {"w": "里帰り", "rd": "さとがえり", "mn": "returning home to one's parents (orig. of a married person); visiting one's pare", "fr": 22463}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 180, "rp": 37, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "谷", "g": 2, "o": 177, "f": 508, "j": null, "on": "コク", "kun": "たに、きわ.まる", "m": "valley", "pm": "valley", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "eight; umbrella; mouth", "hk": "valley", "hs": "<i>Go in</i> . . . <i>an umbrella</i> . . . <i>a mouth</i>. Because of space restrictions, the element for <i>go in</i> is shortened in this character. If you stand on your head and look at this kanji, the image of a <b>valley</b> stands out more clearly: the <i>mouth</i> of the river whose water flows down at the intersection of the two mountains, with the final two strokes adding the element of perspective. Now get back on your feet again and see if the image still remains clear. If not, then return to the primitives and make a story in the usual way.", "ks": "Think of the classic anime 風の 谷 のナウシカ (Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind). We see Nausicaa entering the valley mouth gliding on an umbrella.", "v": [{"w": "谷", "rd": "たに", "mn": "valley; ravine; gorge; canyon", "fr": 7508}, {"w": "谷間", "rd": "たにま", "mn": "valley; ravine; gorge; chasm", "fr": 10169}, {"w": "渋谷", "rd": "しぶや", "mn": "Shibuya City (special ward of Tokyo); Shibuya", "fr": 12874}, {"w": "峡谷", "rd": "きょうこく", "mn": "gorge; ravine; canyon; glen", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "渓谷", "rd": "けいこく", "mn": "valley (with a river running through it); gorge; ravine; canyon", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "谷川", "rd": "たにがわ", "mn": "mountain stream", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "谷底", "rd": "たにぞこ", "mn": "valley floor; bottom of a gorge; bottom of a ravine", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 66, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "古", "g": 2, "o": 178, "f": 509, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "ふる.い、ふる-、-ふる.す", "m": "old", "pm": "old", "r": [{"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "old", "hs": "The primitive elements that compose this character are <i>ten</i> and <i>mouth</i> , but you may find it easier to remember it as a pictograph of a tombstone with a cross on top. Just think back to one of those graveyards you have visited, or better still, used to play in as a child, with <b>old</b> inscriptions on the tombstones. This departure from the primitive elements in favor of a pictograph will take place now and again at these early stages, and almost never after that. So you need not worry about cluttering up your memory with too many character  \"drawings.\"", "ks": "Tombstone and cross on an <b>old</b> man's grave.", "v": [{"w": "古い", "rd": "ふるい", "mn": "old; aged; ancient; antiquated; antique; timeworn", "fr": 1120}, {"w": "稽古", "rd": "けいこ", "mn": "practice; practising; training; study", "fr": 7838}, {"w": "古代", "rd": "こだい", "mn": "ancient times; distant past; antiquity", "fr": 7971}, {"w": "古", "rd": "いにしえ", "mn": "antiquity; ancient times; bygone days; former times", "fr": 11509}, {"w": "古来", "rd": "こらい", "mn": "from ancient times; from old times; from time immemorial", "fr": 13036}, {"w": "名古屋", "rd": "なごや", "mn": "Nagoya (city)", "fr": 16388}, {"w": "古風", "rd": "こふう", "mn": "old-fashioned; archaic; antique; antiquated", "fr": 16426}, {"w": "中古", "rd": "ちゅうこ", "mn": "used; second-hand; old", "fr": 17001}, {"w": "太古", "rd": "たいこ", "mn": "ancient times; prehistoric times", "fr": 17170}, {"w": "古里", "rd": "ふるさと", "mn": "hometown; birthplace; native place; one's old home", "fr": 17336}, {"w": "古典的", "rd": "こてんてき", "mn": "classical; classic", "fr": 19460}, {"w": "古典", "rd": "こてん", "mn": "classic (work, esp. book); the classics", "fr": 19824}, {"w": "古臭い", "rd": "ふるくさい", "mn": "stale; old fashioned; hackneyed; trite; antiquated; obsolete; musty; outdated", "fr": 24183}, {"w": "考古学", "rd": "こうこがく", "mn": "archaeology; archeology", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "中古車", "rd": "ちゅうこしゃ", "mn": "used car; secondhand car", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 1152, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "歌", "g": 2, "o": 179, "f": 519, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "うた、うた.う", "m": "song; sing", "pm": "song", "r": [{"c": "哥", "nj": "カ", "ne": "big brother"}, {"c": "欠", "nj": "あくび", "ne": "to lack"}], "hc": "cancan; can; mouth; street; nail; spike; lack; yawn", "hk": "song", "hs": "The <b>song</b> in this kanji is being sung by a chorus line of <i>can-can</i> girls. Why it should be eliciting nothing but <i>yawning</i> from the audience, I leave to you to decide.", "ks": "<b>Can- Can</b> -ers <b>lack</b> the ability to sing a <b>song</b> , so they just dance.", "v": [{"w": "歌う", "rd": "うたう", "mn": "to sing", "fr": 1609}, {"w": "歌", "rd": "うた", "mn": "song; singing", "fr": 1706}, {"w": "歌声", "rd": "うたごえ", "mn": "singing voice; (sound of) singing", "fr": 7821}, {"w": "歌詞", "rd": "かし", "mn": "song lyrics; words of a song; libretto", "fr": 11376}, {"w": "歌手", "rd": "かしゅ", "mn": "singer", "fr": 14970}, {"w": "子守歌", "rd": "こもりうた", "mn": "lullaby", "fr": 24676}, {"w": "歌謡", "rd": "かよう", "mn": "song; ballad", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "短歌", "rd": "たんか", "mn": "tanka", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "和歌", "rd": "わか", "mn": "waka", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "唱歌", "rd": "しょうか", "mn": "singing; song", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国歌", "rd": "こっか", "mn": "national anthem", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "校歌", "rd": "こうか", "mn": "school song; college song; school anthem", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歌人", "rd": "かじん", "mn": "poet (of tanka poems)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歌劇", "rd": "かげき", "mn": "opera", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歌合", "rd": "うたあわせ", "mn": "poetry contest", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 230, "rp": 16, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "買", "g": 2, "o": 180, "f": 520, "j": null, "on": "バイ", "kun": "か.う", "m": "buy", "pm": "buy", "r": [{"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "eye; cross-eyed; net; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "buy", "hs": "Eye . . . shellfish.", "ks": "When something catches my eye, I take out a few clams and <b>buy</b> before anybody else does.", "v": [{"w": "買う", "rd": "かう", "mn": "to buy; to purchase", "fr": 289}, {"w": "買い物", "rd": "かいもの", "mn": "shopping; purchased goods", "fr": 1742}, {"w": "買い", "rd": "かい", "mn": "buying; shopping", "fr": 4511}, {"w": "買い出し", "rd": "かいだし", "mn": "going out to shop; going shopping", "fr": 7099}, {"w": "買収", "rd": "ばいしゅう", "mn": "acquisition (esp. corporate); buy-out; takeover; purchase", "fr": 10894}, {"w": "売買", "rd": "ばいばい", "mn": "trade; buying and selling; trafficking (e.g. of humans, arms, drugs); dealing", "fr": 15061}, {"w": "購買", "rd": "こうばい", "mn": "procurement; purchase; buying", "fr": 17049}, {"w": "買い占める", "rd": "かいしめる", "mn": "to buy up", "fr": 21237}, {"w": "お買い得", "rd": "おかいどく", "mn": "bargain; good buy; budget", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "ドル買い", "rd": "ドルかい", "mn": "dollar purchase", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "仲買", "rd": "なかがい", "mn": "brokerage; broker", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "買い上げ", "rd": "かいあげ", "mn": "buying; purchasing; procurement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "買い付け", "rd": "かいつけ", "mn": "buying (in large quantities); (wholesale) purchase; buying in", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "買い入れ", "rd": "かいいれ", "mn": "buying; purchasing; laying in", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "買い入れる", "rd": "かいいれる", "mn": "to purchase; to buy in", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1199, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "光", "g": 2, "o": 181, "f": 527, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "ひか.る、ひかり", "m": "ray; light", "pm": "ray", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "兀", "nj": "コツ", "ne": "high & level"}], "hc": "small; little; human legs", "hk": "ray", "hs": "There are really only 2 primitives here, <i>little</i> and <i>human legs</i>. The 4th stroke that separates them is added for reasons of aesthetics. (If that doesn't make sense, try writing the kanji without it and see how ugly the results look, even to your beginner's eye.) Now if you have wondered what those little particles of  \"dust\" are that dance around in the light- <b>rays</b> that come through the window and fall on your desk, try imagining them as <i>little</i> and disembodied <i>human legs</i> , and you should have no trouble with this character.", "ks": "A <b>ray</b> of light is not a wave but made of <i>little</i> photons with <i>human legs</i>.", "v": [{"w": "光", "rd": "ひかり", "mn": "light", "fr": 839}, {"w": "光る", "rd": "ひかる", "mn": "to shine; to glitter; to be bright", "fr": 2096}, {"w": "光景", "rd": "こうけい", "mn": "scene; spectacle; sight; view", "fr": 2302}, {"w": "光栄", "rd": "こうえい", "mn": "honour; honor; glory; privilege", "fr": 2890}, {"w": "観光", "rd": "かんこう", "mn": "sightseeing; tourism", "fr": 7109}, {"w": "栄光", "rd": "えいこう", "mn": "glory", "fr": 8699}, {"w": "観光客", "rd": "かんこうきゃく", "mn": "tourist", "fr": 11343}, {"w": "光り輝く", "rd": "ひかりかがやく", "mn": "to shine; to glitter", "fr": 12018}, {"w": "陽光", "rd": "ようこう", "mn": "sunshine; sunlight", "fr": 13692}, {"w": "月光", "rd": "げっこう", "mn": "moonlight; moonbeam", "fr": 13791}, {"w": "日光", "rd": "にっこう", "mn": "sunlight; sunshine; sunbeams", "fr": 13829}, {"w": "光線", "rd": "こうせん", "mn": "ray (of light); beam; light", "fr": 14312}, {"w": "発光", "rd": "はっこう", "mn": "emission (of light); radiation (of light); luminescence", "fr": 16452}, {"w": "光沢", "rd": "こうたく", "mn": "brilliance; polish; lustre; luster; glossy finish", "fr": 16505}, {"w": "蛍光灯", "rd": "けいこうとう", "mn": "fluorescent lamp; fluorescent light", "fr": 19204}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 201, "rp": 29, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "科", "g": 2, "o": 182, "f": 531, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "", "m": "department; course; section", "pm": "department", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "斗", "nj": "ますづくり", "ne": "big dipper"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; measuring cup; big dipper; The Plough; drop; ten; needle", "hk": "department", "hs": "Think here of the faculty or <b>department</b> you entered in university, using the elements: <i>measuring cup</i> . . . <i>wheat</i>.", "ks": "The national DEPARTMENT of WHEATS and MEASURES. Get it? This one was hard until I came up with this.", "v": [{"w": "教科書", "rd": "きょうかしょ", "mn": "textbook; coursebook; schoolbook", "fr": 4928}, {"w": "内科", "rd": "ないか", "mn": "internal medicine", "fr": 5264}, {"w": "科学", "rd": "かがく", "mn": "science", "fr": 6225}, {"w": "科", "rd": "か", "mn": "department (of a university or hospital)", "fr": 8467}, {"w": "科学者", "rd": "かがくしゃ", "mn": "scientist", "fr": 12201}, {"w": "教科", "rd": "きょうか", "mn": "subject; curriculum", "fr": 13454}, {"w": "科目", "rd": "かもく", "mn": "(school) subject; curriculum; course", "fr": 14065}, {"w": "科学的", "rd": "かがくてき", "mn": "scientific", "fr": 15202}, {"w": "理科", "rd": "りか", "mn": "science (natural sciences and related fields, incl. mathematics, engineering, me", "fr": 18316}, {"w": "学科", "rd": "がっか", "mn": "subject (of study); course of study", "fr": 21109}, {"w": "外科", "rd": "げか", "mn": "surgery (branch of medicine)", "fr": 23229}, {"w": "人文科学", "rd": "じんぶんかがく", "mn": "humanities; arts", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "小児科", "rd": "しょうにか", "mn": "pediatrics", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "歯科", "rd": "しか", "mn": "dentistry", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "産婦人科", "rd": "さんふじんか", "mn": "maternity and gynaecology department (gynecology); department of obstetrics and ", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 40, "l": 8, "n": "教科書 給料"}}, {"k": "細", "g": 2, "o": 183, "f": 537, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "ほそ.い、ほそ.る、こま.か、こま.かい", "m": "dainty; get thin; taper; slender; narrow; detailed; precise", "pm": "dainty", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; rice field; brains", "hk": "dainty", "hs": "Thread . . . brains.", "ks": "<b>Dainty</b> women would always rather work with thread than in a field.", "v": [{"w": "細かい", "rd": "こまかい", "mn": "small", "fr": 2236}, {"w": "細い", "rd": "ほそい", "mn": "thin; slender; fine", "fr": 2353}, {"w": "詳細", "rd": "しょうさい", "mn": "details; particulars; specifics", "fr": 3465}, {"w": "繊細", "rd": "せんさい", "mn": "dainty; delicate (e.g. fingers); fine; slim", "fr": 4224}, {"w": "些細", "rd": "ささい", "mn": "trivial; trifling; slight; insignificant", "fr": 5704}, {"w": "心細い", "rd": "こころぼそい", "mn": "helpless; forlorn; hopeless; unpromising; lonely; discouraging; disheartening", "fr": 6191}, {"w": "細かいこと", "rd": "こまかいこと", "mn": "trifles; minor details", "fr": 6383}, {"w": "細工", "rd": "さいく", "mn": "work; workmanship; craftsmanship; handiwork", "fr": 7064}, {"w": "細胞", "rd": "さいぼう", "mn": "cell", "fr": 8760}, {"w": "細か", "rd": "こまか", "mn": "small; fine; detailed; stingy", "fr": 10206}, {"w": "細長い", "rd": "ほそながい", "mn": "long and narrow", "fr": 11236}, {"w": "細心", "rd": "さいしん", "mn": "meticulous; careful; discreet; scrupulous; prudent", "fr": 12833}, {"w": "細部", "rd": "さいぶ", "mn": "details; particulars", "fr": 13933}, {"w": "細やか", "rd": "ささやか", "mn": "small; little; tiny; insignificant; humble; modest; meagre; meager", "fr": 18687}, {"w": "細々", "rd": "こまごま", "mn": "minutely; in detail; with particular attention", "fr": 21140}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 257, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": "細かい 畑"}}, {"k": "図", "g": 2, "o": 184, "f": 539, "j": null, "on": "ズ、ト", "kun": "え、はか.る", "m": "map; drawing; plan; extraordinary; audacious", "pm": "map", "r": [{"c": "囗", "nj": "くにがまえ", "ne": "border"}, {"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "乂", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "mow"}], "hc": "pent in; measuring cup; big dipper; The Plough; drop; ten; needle", "hk": "map", "hs": "<i>Pent in</i> . . . <i>Big Dipper</i>. Hint: among the songs dating from the days of slavery that have become part of American folklore is one called  \"Follow the Drinking Gourd.\" It referred to the nighttime travel of runaway slaves (those <i>pent in</i> ) who had no <b>maps</b> other than the stars to guide them, among them the bright and predominant <i>Big Dipper</i> , the \"Drinking Gourd.\"", "ks": "When I arrived in Hollywood, I bought what they call a \"star map.\" Much to my dismay, it didn't even show the location of the big dipper!", "v": [{"w": "地図", "rd": "ちず", "mn": "map; atlas; chart; plan", "fr": 3059}, {"w": "合図", "rd": "あいず", "mn": "sign; signal; cue", "fr": 3232}, {"w": "意図", "rd": "いと", "mn": "intention; aim; design", "fr": 3576}, {"w": "図書館", "rd": "としょかん", "mn": "library", "fr": 5304}, {"w": "図る", "rd": "はかる", "mn": "to plan; to attempt; to devise", "fr": 5656}, {"w": "図", "rd": "ず", "mn": "drawing; picture; diagram; figure; illustration; chart; graph; map", "fr": 6063}, {"w": "意図的", "rd": "いとてき", "mn": "intentional; on purpose", "fr": 7044}, {"w": "指図", "rd": "さしず", "mn": "directions; instructions; orders; command", "fr": 8870}, {"w": "図書室", "rd": "としょしつ", "mn": "library (usu. single-room); small library", "fr": 10152}, {"w": "構図", "rd": "こうず", "mn": "composition (of painting); structural outline; compositional arrangement", "fr": 10643}, {"w": "図々しい", "rd": "ずうずうしい", "mn": "impudent; shameless; brazen; forward; audacious; cheeky", "fr": 12620}, {"w": "図鑑", "rd": "ずかん", "mn": "pictorial book; picture book; illustrated reference book; identification manual;", "fr": 18116}, {"w": "図面", "rd": "ずめん", "mn": "drawing; diagram; plans; blueprint", "fr": 19641}, {"w": "図書", "rd": "としょ", "mn": "books", "fr": 22819}, {"w": "図形", "rd": "ずけい", "mn": "figure; shape; graphic", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 181, "rp": 22, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "週", "g": 2, "o": 185, "f": 540, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "", "m": "week", "pm": "week", "r": [{"c": "周", "nj": "シュウ", "ne": "circumference"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "circumference; running track; earthenware jar; lidded crock; soil; dirt; ground; mouth; road", "hk": "week", "hs": "Picture a circular <i>road</i> with 7 markers on it, one for each day of the <b>week</b>. When you have walked one complete <i>lap</i> on this <i>road</i> , you shall have completed one <b>week</b>.", "ks": "Imagine a road built so well that it takes only a <b>week</b> to travel the circumference of the earth.", "v": [{"w": "来週", "rd": "らいしゅう", "mn": "next week", "fr": 2603}, {"w": "週", "rd": "しゅう", "mn": "week", "fr": 4075}, {"w": "一週間", "rd": "いっしゅうかん", "mn": "one week", "fr": 4083}, {"w": "先週", "rd": "せんしゅう", "mn": "last week; the week before", "fr": 4488}, {"w": "今週", "rd": "こんしゅう", "mn": "this week", "fr": 4610}, {"w": "週末", "rd": "しゅうまつ", "mn": "weekend", "fr": 5156}, {"w": "週間", "rd": "しゅうかん", "mn": "week", "fr": 6520}, {"w": "毎週", "rd": "まいしゅう", "mn": "every week", "fr": 8101}, {"w": "週刊誌", "rd": "しゅうかんし", "mn": "weekly (publication); weekly magazine; weekly journal", "fr": 14476}, {"w": "週刊", "rd": "しゅうかん", "mn": "weekly publication", "fr": 17470}, {"w": "今週末", "rd": "こんしゅうまつ", "mn": "this weekend", "fr": 17489}, {"w": "週明け", "rd": "しゅうあけ", "mn": "beginning of next week (usu. Monday); early next week", "fr": 23281}, {"w": "再来週", "rd": "さらいしゅう", "mn": "week after next", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "隔週", "rd": "かくしゅう", "mn": "every other week; every two weeks", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "前週", "rd": "ぜんしゅう", "mn": "last week; the week before", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 921, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "丸", "g": 2, "o": 186, "f": 542, "j": null, "on": "ガン", "kun": "まる、まる.める、まる.い", "m": "round; full (month); perfection; -ship; pills; make round; roll up; curl up; seduce; explain away", "pm": "round", "r": [{"c": "九", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "nine"}, {"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "drop; nine; baseball", "hk": "round", "hs": "We speak of \" <b>round</b> numbers, \" or \" <b>rounding</b> a number off, \" meaning to add an insignificant amount to bring it to the nearest 10. For instance, if you add just a wee bit, the tiniest <i>drop</i> , to <i>nine</i> , you end up with a <b>round</b> number.", "ks": "Nine plus a drop <b>round</b> s it off to ten!", "v": [{"w": "丸", "rd": "まる", "mn": "circle", "fr": 3679}, {"w": "丸い", "rd": "まるい", "mn": "round; circular; spherical", "fr": 4130}, {"w": "丸める", "rd": "まるめる", "mn": "to make round; to roll up; to curl up", "fr": 7062}, {"w": "丸ごと", "rd": "まるごと", "mn": "in its entirety; whole; wholly", "fr": 7113}, {"w": "弾丸", "rd": "だんがん", "mn": "bullet; shot; shell", "fr": 7918}, {"w": "丸まる", "rd": "まるまる", "mn": "to become rounded; to roll into a ball", "fr": 13890}, {"w": "丸々", "rd": "まるまる", "mn": "plump; rotund; chubby", "fr": 16135}, {"w": "丸太", "rd": "まるた", "mn": "log", "fr": 18351}, {"w": "丸め込む", "rd": "まるめこむ", "mn": "to coax; to cajole; to wheedle; to win over; to seduce", "fr": 19031}, {"w": "丸み", "rd": "まるみ", "mn": "roundness; rotundity", "fr": 21204}, {"w": "丸っきり", "rd": "まるっきり", "mn": "completely; absolutely; totally; (not) at all", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "日の丸", "rd": "ひのまる", "mn": "red or gold circle representing the Sun", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一丸", "rd": "いちがん", "mn": "one lump; one body; one group", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "丸刈り", "rd": "まるがり", "mn": "buzz cut; close crop", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "真ん丸", "rd": "まんまる", "mn": "perfect circle", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 315, "rp": 10, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "室", "g": 2, "o": 187, "f": 550, "j": null, "on": "シツ", "kun": "むろ", "m": "room; apartment; chamber; greenhouse; cellar", "pm": "room", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "至", "nj": "いたる", "ne": "to arrive"}], "hc": "house; climax; wall; one; ceiling; elbow; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "room", "hs": "House . . . climax.", "ks": "You book a <b>room</b> in a love hotel called \" <i>Climax House</i> \".", "v": [{"w": "教室", "rd": "きょうしつ", "mn": "classroom; lecture room", "fr": 1939}, {"w": "室", "rd": "しつ", "mn": "room", "fr": 2439}, {"w": "室内", "rd": "しつない", "mn": "indoor; inside the room", "fr": 4529}, {"w": "寝室", "rd": "しんしつ", "mn": "bedroom", "fr": 6557}, {"w": "個室", "rd": "こしつ", "mn": "single (room); room for one; one's own room; private room; private compartment", "fr": 7310}, {"w": "病室", "rd": "びょうしつ", "mn": "sickroom; hospital room; ward", "fr": 7322}, {"w": "自室", "rd": "じしつ", "mn": "one's own room", "fr": 7445}, {"w": "一室", "rd": "いっしつ", "mn": "one room", "fr": 8968}, {"w": "研究室", "rd": "けんきゅうしつ", "mn": "laboratory", "fr": 9744}, {"w": "図書室", "rd": "としょしつ", "mn": "library (usu. single-room); small library", "fr": 10152}, {"w": "密室", "rd": "みっしつ", "mn": "locked room", "fr": 10804}, {"w": "会議室", "rd": "かいぎしつ", "mn": "conference room; council room", "fr": 11149}, {"w": "更衣室", "rd": "こういしつ", "mn": "locker room; changing room; dressing room", "fr": 12014}, {"w": "浴室", "rd": "よくしつ", "mn": "bathroom", "fr": 12562}, {"w": "地下室", "rd": "ちかしつ", "mn": "cellar; basement", "fr": 12838}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 108, "rp": 95, "l": 14, "n": ""}}, {"k": "太", "g": 2, "o": 188, "f": 552, "j": null, "on": "タイ、タ", "kun": "ふと.い、ふと.る", "m": "plump; thick; big around", "pm": "plump", "r": [{"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}, {"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "large; St. Bernard; drop", "hk": "plump", "hs": "\" <b>Plump</b> \" is one of those delightful English words that almost sound like their meaning. No sooner do you hear it than you think of a round and ample- bodied person falling into a sofa like a <i>large drop</i> of oil plopping into a fishbowl - kerrrr- <b>plump</b>!", "ks": "A <i>large</i> person with a big <i>drop</i> of sweat dripping off of him because he is so <b>plump</b>.", "v": [{"w": "太陽", "rd": "たいよう", "mn": "Sun", "fr": 2173}, {"w": "太い", "rd": "ふとい", "mn": "fat; thick", "fr": 3274}, {"w": "太る", "rd": "ふとる", "mn": "to put on weight; to gain weight; to grow fat; to get stout", "fr": 4297}, {"w": "太もも", "rd": "ふともも", "mn": "thigh", "fr": 7806}, {"w": "太鼓", "rd": "たいこ", "mn": "drum", "fr": 15434}, {"w": "太古", "rd": "たいこ", "mn": "ancient times; prehistoric times", "fr": 17170}, {"w": "丸太", "rd": "まるた", "mn": "log", "fr": 18351}, {"w": "太刀", "rd": "たち", "mn": "long sword (as opposed to the shorter katana)", "fr": 21220}, {"w": "太平洋", "rd": "たいへいよう", "mn": "Pacific Ocean", "fr": 22833}, {"w": "太っ腹", "rd": "ふとっぱら", "mn": "generous; magnanimous; big-hearted; broad-minded", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "太り肉", "rd": "ふとりじし", "mn": "corpulent; fat; chubby", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "太子", "rd": "たいし", "mn": "crown prince", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "太字", "rd": "ふとじ", "mn": "boldface; bold-type; thick characters", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "太平洋戦争", "rd": "たいへいようせんそう", "mn": "Pacific War (1941-1945)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "太陽系", "rd": "たいようけい", "mn": "solar system", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 1061, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "歩", "g": 2, "o": 189, "f": 554, "j": null, "on": "ホ、ブ、フ", "kun": "ある.く、あゆ.む", "m": "walk; counter for steps", "pm": "walk", "r": [{"c": "止", "nj": "とめる", "ne": "to stop"}, {"c": "少", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "few"}], "hc": "stop; footprint; few", "hk": "walk", "hs": "<i>Footprints</i> that follow one another a <i>few</i> at a time indicate <b>walking</b>.", "ks": "When <b>walk</b> ing your pet, you must <i>stop</i> a <i>few</i> times along the way when nature calls.", "v": [{"w": "歩く", "rd": "あるく", "mn": "to walk", "fr": 414}, {"w": "一歩", "rd": "いっぽ", "mn": "(a) step; one step", "fr": 1664}, {"w": "散歩", "rd": "さんぽ", "mn": "walk; stroll", "fr": 2251}, {"w": "歩む", "rd": "あゆむ", "mn": "to walk; to go on foot", "fr": 3582}, {"w": "歩き回る", "rd": "あるきまわる", "mn": "to walk about; to walk around; to walk to and fro; to pace around; to wander", "fr": 5974}, {"w": "歩み寄る", "rd": "あゆみよる", "mn": "to compromise; to meet halfway", "fr": 6296}, {"w": "進歩", "rd": "しんぽ", "mn": "progress; advance; improvement; development", "fr": 6775}, {"w": "歩", "rd": "ほ", "mn": "step; stride", "fr": 6838}, {"w": "歩み", "rd": "あゆみ", "mn": "walking", "fr": 7768}, {"w": "徒歩", "rd": "とほ", "mn": "walking; going on foot", "fr": 8542}, {"w": "第一歩", "rd": "だいいっぽ", "mn": "first step", "fr": 8707}, {"w": "歩道", "rd": "ほどう", "mn": "footpath; walkway; sidewalk; pavement", "fr": 14916}, {"w": "譲歩", "rd": "じょうほ", "mn": "concession; conciliation; compromise", "fr": 15163}, {"w": "歩調", "rd": "ほちょう", "mn": "pace; step; cadence", "fr": 19025}, {"w": "歩行", "rd": "ほこう", "mn": "walking; walk", "fr": 19500}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 192, "rp": 36, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "風", "g": 2, "o": 190, "f": 558, "j": null, "on": "フウ、フ", "kun": "かぜ、かざ-", "m": "wind; air; style; manner", "pm": "wind", "r": [{"c": "几", "nj": "きにょう", "ne": "table"}, {"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}], "hc": "gnats; drop; insect", "hk": "wind", "hs": "<i>Windy</i> . . . <i>drops of</i> . . . <i>insects</i>. Hint: think of the last two primitives as representing a swarm of <i>gnats</i> , those tiny <i>drops of</i> pesky <i>insects</i>.", "ks": "The WIND usually carries things around in it - drops of rain or snow, and lots of insects.", "v": [{"w": "風", "rd": "かぜ", "mn": "wind; breeze; draught; draft", "fr": 793}, {"w": "お風呂", "rd": "おふろ", "mn": "bath", "fr": 1999}, {"w": "風呂", "rd": "ふろ", "mn": "bath; bathing; bathtub; bathroom", "fr": 2322}, {"w": "風邪", "rd": "かぜ", "mn": "(common) cold; influenza; flu; ague; inflammatory respiratory system illness (in", "fr": 3192}, {"w": "風景", "rd": "ふうけい", "mn": "scenery; scene; landscape; view; sight", "fr": 3818}, {"w": "風情", "rd": "ふぜい", "mn": "taste; elegance; charm", "fr": 6536}, {"w": "風呂場", "rd": "ふろば", "mn": "bathroom", "fr": 7861}, {"w": "風船", "rd": "ふうせん", "mn": "balloon (toy or decoration)", "fr": 9895}, {"w": "台風", "rd": "たいふう", "mn": "typhoon; hurricane", "fr": 10008}, {"w": "風味", "rd": "ふうみ", "mn": "taste; flavor; flavour", "fr": 10527}, {"w": "風邪をひく", "rd": "かぜをひく", "mn": "to catch a cold", "fr": 11723}, {"w": "風習", "rd": "ふうしゅう", "mn": "custom", "fr": 14340}, {"w": "風紀", "rd": "ふうき", "mn": "public morals; discipline; rules governing social behavior", "fr": 14530}, {"w": "和風", "rd": "わふう", "mn": "Japanese style", "fr": 15291}, {"w": "風格", "rd": "ふうかく", "mn": "personality; style; appearance", "fr": 16049}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 1031, "rp": 14, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "紙", "g": 2, "o": 191, "f": 559, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "かみ", "m": "paper", "pm": "paper", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "氏", "nj": "うじ", "ne": "family"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; family name", "hk": "paper", "hs": "Thread . . . family name.", "ks": "<i>Spiderman</i> doesn't have a single <b>paper</b> with his <i>family name</i> on it (because he doesn't want to reveal his identity).", "v": [{"w": "手紙", "rd": "てがみ", "mn": "letter; note", "fr": 1506}, {"w": "紙", "rd": "かみ", "mn": "paper", "fr": 2183}, {"w": "表紙", "rd": "ひょうし", "mn": "cover (of a book, magazine, etc.); binding", "fr": 5946}, {"w": "紙袋", "rd": "かみぶくろ", "mn": "paper bag", "fr": 10220}, {"w": "白紙", "rd": "はくし", "mn": "white paper; flyleaf", "fr": 11494}, {"w": "用紙", "rd": "ようし", "mn": "blank form", "fr": 12863}, {"w": "張り紙", "rd": "はりがみ", "mn": "paper patch attached to something; paper backing; sticker; label", "fr": 22785}, {"w": "壁紙", "rd": "かべがみ", "mn": "wallpaper", "fr": 22972}, {"w": "ちり紙", "rd": "ちりがみ", "mn": "tissue paper; toilet paper", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "紙屑", "rd": "かみくず", "mn": "wastepaper; scrap of paper; paper scraps", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "紙幣", "rd": "しへい", "mn": "paper money; note; bill", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "包み紙", "rd": "つつみがみ", "mn": "wrapping paper", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "印紙", "rd": "いんし", "mn": "(revenue) stamp", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厚紙", "rd": "あつがみ", "mn": "cardboard; thick paper", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "原稿用紙", "rd": "げんこうようし", "mn": "Japanese writing paper (lined with a square grid, one square per character); man", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 85, "rp": 86, "l": 14, "n": "紙 低い"}}, {"k": "母", "g": 2, "o": 192, "f": 570, "j": null, "on": "ボ", "kun": "はは、も", "m": "mother", "pm": "mother", "r": [{"c": "毋", "nj": "なかれ", "ne": "not"}], "hc": "mother; breasts", "hk": "mama", "hs": "Look closely at this kanji and you will find the outline of the kanji for <i>woman</i> in it, the second stroke of which has been expanded to make space for the two breasts that make her a <b>mama</b>. Likening this sound to a baby nursing at its mother's breast has afforded some scholars of comparative linguistics a way to explain the presence of the same word across a wide range of language groups.", "ks": "The two breasts of a momma who breastfeeds.", "v": [{"w": "お母さん", "rd": "おかあさん", "mn": "mother; mom; mum; ma", "fr": 581}, {"w": "母", "rd": "はは", "mn": "mother", "fr": 921}, {"w": "母親", "rd": "ははおや", "mn": "mother", "fr": 1009}, {"w": "保母", "rd": "ほぼ", "mn": "(female) childcare worker; nursery school teacher", "fr": 1507}, {"w": "母さん", "rd": "かあさん", "mn": "mother", "fr": 1684}, {"w": "祖母", "rd": "そぼ", "mn": "grandmother", "fr": 9152}, {"w": "叔母", "rd": "おば", "mn": "aunt", "fr": 18423}, {"w": "母性", "rd": "ぼせい", "mn": "motherhood; maternity", "fr": 19218}, {"w": "義母", "rd": "ぎぼ", "mn": "mother-in-law", "fr": 21124}, {"w": "母乳", "rd": "ぼにゅう", "mn": "mother's milk", "fr": 21831}, {"w": "父母", "rd": "ふぼ", "mn": "father and mother; parents", "fr": 22251}, {"w": "祖父母", "rd": "そふぼ", "mn": "grandparents", "fr": 23543}, {"w": "母体", "rd": "ぼたい", "mn": "mother's body (esp. when pregnant or after giving birth)", "fr": 23765}, {"w": "母校", "rd": "ぼこう", "mn": "alma mater", "fr": 24186}, {"w": "母子", "rd": "ぼし", "mn": "mother and child", "fr": 24446}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 929, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "黒", "g": 2, "o": 193, "f": 573, "j": null, "on": "コク", "kun": "くろ、くろ.ずむ、くろ.い", "m": "black", "pm": "black", "r": [{"c": "里", "nj": "さと", "ne": "village"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "computer; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "black", "hs": "Like most things electrical, a <i>computer</i> , too, can overheat. Just imagine <i>flames</i> pouring out of it and charring the keyboard, the monitor, and your desk a sooty <b>black</b> color.", "ks": "If you burn the GROUND of a RICE FIELD with FIRE, eventually it will turn <b>black</b>.", "v": [{"w": "黒い", "rd": "くろい", "mn": "black", "fr": 1503}, {"w": "黒", "rd": "くろ", "mn": "black", "fr": 1535}, {"w": "白黒", "rd": "しろくろ", "mn": "black and white; monochrome", "fr": 9103}, {"w": "黒幕", "rd": "くろまく", "mn": "black curtain", "fr": 9218}, {"w": "漆黒", "rd": "しっこく", "mn": "jet-black; pitch-dark; raven-black; stygian", "fr": 9742}, {"w": "暗黒", "rd": "あんこく", "mn": "darkness", "fr": 10082}, {"w": "黒板", "rd": "こくばん", "mn": "blackboard", "fr": 10902}, {"w": "真っ黒", "rd": "まっくろ", "mn": "pitch black", "fr": 18216}, {"w": "黒色", "rd": "くろいろ", "mn": "black (colour, color)", "fr": 24636}, {"w": "黒字", "rd": "くろじ", "mn": "(being in) the black; surplus", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "大黒柱", "rd": "だいこくばしら", "mn": "central pillar (of a building)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浅黒い", "rd": "あさぐろい", "mn": "dark (skin, complexion, etc.); swarthy; tanned", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "目黒", "rd": "めぐろ", "mn": "Meguro City (special ward of Tokyo)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "黒い霧", "rd": "くろいきり", "mn": "thick fog (of suspicion); black veil of secrecy; covered-up crime, unethical act", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "黒っぽい", "rd": "くろっぽい", "mn": "dark; blackish", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 219, "rp": 22, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "戸", "g": 2, "o": 194, "f": 575, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "と", "m": "door; counter for houses; door radical (no. 63)", "pm": "door", "r": [{"c": "戸", "nj": "コ", "ne": "door"}], "hc": "one; flag", "hk": "door", "hs": "Ceiling . . . flag.", "ks": "Their is only ONE FLAG on DOOR s in Japan. The Japanese FLAG of course!", "v": [{"w": "戸惑う", "rd": "とまどう", "mn": "to be bewildered; to be perplexed", "fr": 3434}, {"w": "戸", "rd": "と", "mn": "door (esp. Japanese-style)", "fr": 5435}, {"w": "戸惑い", "rd": "とまどい", "mn": "being at sea; losing one's bearings; confusion; wonderment", "fr": 5708}, {"w": "井戸", "rd": "いど", "mn": "water well", "fr": 12001}, {"w": "江戸", "rd": "えど", "mn": "Edo (shogunate capital; former name of Tokyo); Yedo", "fr": 12792}, {"w": "戸籍", "rd": "こせき", "mn": "family register", "fr": 14237}, {"w": "江戸時代", "rd": "えどじだい", "mn": "Edo period (1603-1868)", "fr": 16018}, {"w": "戸締まり", "rd": "とじまり", "mn": "locking up (doors and windows); fastening the doors", "fr": 16317}, {"w": "戸棚", "rd": "とだな", "mn": "cupboard; locker; closet; wardrobe; cabinet", "fr": 17962}, {"w": "瀬戸際", "rd": "せとぎわ", "mn": "brink; verge; critical moment; crucial moment", "fr": 19702}, {"w": "神戸", "rd": "こうべ", "mn": "Kobe (city)", "fr": 20646}, {"w": "瀬戸物", "rd": "せともの", "mn": "earthenware; porcelain; china; pottery; crockery", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "雨戸", "rd": "あまど", "mn": "sliding storm shutter", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "ガラス戸", "rd": "ガラスど", "mn": "glass door", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "一戸建て", "rd": "いっこだて", "mn": "detached house; stand-alone house; single-family home", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 77, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "春", "g": 2, "o": 195, "f": 579, "j": null, "on": "シュン", "kun": "はる", "m": "springtime; spring (season)", "pm": "springtime", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "bonsai; sun; day", "hk": "springtime", "hs": "Bonsai . . . sun.", "ks": "In the <b>springtime</b> <i>bonsai</i> get plenty of <i>sun</i>.", "v": [{"w": "春", "rd": "はる", "mn": "spring; springtime", "fr": 1729}, {"w": "青春", "rd": "せいしゅん", "mn": "youth; adolescence; springtime of life", "fr": 3909}, {"w": "思春期", "rd": "ししゅんき", "mn": "puberty; adolescence", "fr": 9058}, {"w": "春休み", "rd": "はるやすみ", "mn": "spring break; spring vacation", "fr": 16487}, {"w": "今春", "rd": "こんしゅん", "mn": "this spring; spring this year", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "売春", "rd": "ばいしゅん", "mn": "prostitution", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "売春婦", "rd": "ばいしゅんふ", "mn": "prostitute", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新春", "rd": "しんしゅん", "mn": "New Year", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "早春", "rd": "そうしゅん", "mn": "early spring", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "春先", "rd": "はるさき", "mn": "beginning of spring", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "春分", "rd": "しゅんぶん", "mn": "vernal equinox; spring equinox", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "春場所", "rd": "はるばしょ", "mn": "Spring Tournament (held in Osaka in March)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "春夏秋冬", "rd": "しゅんかしゅうとう", "mn": "spring, summer, autumn (fall) and winter; the four seasons", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "春季", "rd": "しゅんき", "mn": "spring season", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "春秋", "rd": "しゅんじゅう", "mn": "spring and autumn; spring and fall", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 139, "rp": 35, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "読", "g": 2, "o": 196, "f": 618, "j": null, "on": "ドク、トク、トウ", "kun": "よ.む、-よ.み", "m": "read", "pm": "read", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "売", "nj": "バイ", "ne": "sell"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; sell; sale; samurai; paper punch; Miss World; crown; human legs", "hk": "read", "hs": "In the age of advertising, most <i>words</i> we <b>read</b> are out to <i>sell</i> some product or point of view.", "ks": "Read the WORDS used to SELL things.", "v": [{"w": "読む", "rd": "よむ", "mn": "to read", "fr": 472}, {"w": "読み", "rd": "よみ", "mn": "reading", "fr": 5373}, {"w": "読者", "rd": "どくしゃ", "mn": "reader", "fr": 6197}, {"w": "読書", "rd": "どくしょ", "mn": "reading (books)", "fr": 7199}, {"w": "読み上げる", "rd": "よみあげる", "mn": "to read out; to read aloud; to call out", "fr": 8483}, {"w": "解読", "rd": "かいどく", "mn": "deciphering; decoding", "fr": 12226}, {"w": "読み返す", "rd": "よみかえす", "mn": "to reread; to read again", "fr": 13448}, {"w": "朗読", "rd": "ろうどく", "mn": "reading aloud; recitation", "fr": 21557}, {"w": "読み方", "rd": "よみかた", "mn": "pronunciation; reading (e.g. of a kanji)", "fr": 22524}, {"w": "読み書き", "rd": "よみかき", "mn": "reading and writing", "fr": 22792}, {"w": "句読点", "rd": "くとうてん", "mn": "punctuation mark", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "購読", "rd": "こうどく", "mn": "buying and reading (book, magazine, etc.); subscribing (incl. free subscriptions", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "定期購読", "rd": "ていきこうどく", "mn": "subscription (e.g. to a magazine)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "必読", "rd": "ひつどく", "mn": "must-read; required reading", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "愛読", "rd": "あいどく", "mn": "reading with pleasure", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 888, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "色", "g": 2, "o": 197, "f": 621, "j": null, "on": "ショク、シキ", "kun": "いろ", "m": "color", "pm": "color", "r": [{"c": "巴", "nj": "ハ", "ne": "comma-design"}], "hc": "bound up; mosaic", "hk": "color", "hs": "Bound up . . . mosaic.", "ks": "<i>Bound up</i> in the <i>Rubik's cube</i> are the 6 different <b>colours</b>.", "v": [{"w": "色", "rd": "いろ", "mn": "colour; color; hue; tint; tinge; shade", "fr": 894}, {"w": "色々", "rd": "いろいろ", "mn": "various; a variety of; all sorts of; many (different)", "fr": 2036}, {"w": "景色", "rd": "けしき", "mn": "scenery; scene; landscape", "fr": 2077}, {"w": "顔色", "rd": "かおいろ", "mn": "complexion; one's colour; one's color", "fr": 2475}, {"w": "色んな", "rd": "いろんな", "mn": "various; a variety of; all sorts of; many (different)", "fr": 4725}, {"w": "黄色い", "rd": "きいろい", "mn": "yellow", "fr": 5589}, {"w": "色気", "rd": "いろけ", "mn": "colouring; coloring; shade of colour (color)", "fr": 5995}, {"w": "金色", "rd": "きんいろ", "mn": "gold (colour, color)", "fr": 6785}, {"w": "黄色", "rd": "きいろ", "mn": "yellow; amber", "fr": 6818}, {"w": "灰色", "rd": "はいいろ", "mn": "grey; gray; ashen", "fr": 7217}, {"w": "緑色", "rd": "みどりいろ", "mn": "green; green color", "fr": 8116}, {"w": "銀色", "rd": "ぎんいろ", "mn": "silver (color, colour)", "fr": 8238}, {"w": "音色", "rd": "ねいろ", "mn": "tone color; tone colour; tone quality; timbre", "fr": 9868}, {"w": "色々あって", "rd": "いろいろあって", "mn": "what with this and that; for a number of reasons", "fr": 10358}, {"w": "声色", "rd": "こわいろ", "mn": "tone of voice", "fr": 10830}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 165, "rp": 25, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "友", "g": 2, "o": 198, "f": 622, "j": null, "on": "ユウ", "kun": "とも", "m": "friend", "pm": "friend", "r": [{"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "by one’s side; crotch", "hk": "friend", "hs": "By one's side . . . crotch.", "ks": "A good <b>friend</b> is always at your side. —- I teach at a Japanese High School, and I often see chummy male students grabbing each other's crotches in a joking manner. It's still weird to me, but apparently reaching to your side and grabbing you neighbor's crotch is a great way to express <b>friend</b> ship.", "v": [{"w": "友達", "rd": "ともだち", "mn": "friend; companion", "fr": 502}, {"w": "友人", "rd": "ゆうじん", "mn": "friend", "fr": 1466}, {"w": "親友", "rd": "しんゆう", "mn": "close friend; bosom friend; buddy; crony; chum", "fr": 2511}, {"w": "友", "rd": "とも", "mn": "friend; companion; comrade; pal", "fr": 3545}, {"w": "友情", "rd": "ゆうじょう", "mn": "friendship; fellowship; camaraderie", "fr": 3719}, {"w": "友だち", "rd": "ともだち", "mn": "friend; companion", "fr": 12688}, {"w": "戦友", "rd": "せんゆう", "mn": "comrade in arms; war buddy; fellow soldier", "fr": 15424}, {"w": "友好", "rd": "ゆうこう", "mn": "friendship", "fr": 21079}, {"w": "交友", "rd": "こうゆう", "mn": "friend; companion; acquaintance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "僚友", "rd": "りょうゆう", "mn": "colleague; workmate; comrade; coworker", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "友愛", "rd": "ゆうあい", "mn": "fraternity; friendship", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "学友", "rd": "がくゆう", "mn": "school friend", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盟友", "rd": "めいゆう", "mn": "sworn friend", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "血友病", "rd": "けつゆうびょう", "mn": "hemophilia; haemophilia", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 838, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "走", "g": 2, "o": 199, "f": 626, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "はし.る", "m": "run", "pm": "run", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "龰", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; mend", "hk": "run", "hs": "<b>Running</b> , we are told here, <i>mends</i> the <i>soil</i>. Observe in the following frames how this kanji can embrace other elements from below, much the same way as the element for <i>road</i> does, and how, in order to do this, the final stroke needs to be lengthened.", "ks": "The soil needs mending after the cross-country run.", "v": [{"w": "走る", "rd": "はしる", "mn": "to run", "fr": 514}, {"w": "暴走", "rd": "ぼうそう", "mn": "acting rashly; running wildly; behaving recklessly; rampaging", "fr": 3132}, {"w": "走り出す", "rd": "はしりだす", "mn": "to begin to run; to start running; to break into a run", "fr": 4802}, {"w": "走り回る", "rd": "はしりまわる", "mn": "to run around", "fr": 5698}, {"w": "逃走", "rd": "とうそう", "mn": "flight; desertion; escape", "fr": 6178}, {"w": "走り", "rd": "はしり", "mn": "running", "fr": 7361}, {"w": "口走る", "rd": "くちばしる", "mn": "to blurt out; to let slip; to say inadvertently; to come out with (e.g. nonsense", "fr": 7997}, {"w": "脱走", "rd": "だっそう", "mn": "escape; flight; breakout; fleeing; desertion", "fr": 9514}, {"w": "ご馳走", "rd": "ごちそう", "mn": "treat (esp. food and drink); entertainment; treating someone (to a meal); taking", "fr": 9971}, {"w": "疾走", "rd": "しっそう", "mn": "sprint; dash; scampering", "fr": 15203}, {"w": "奔走", "rd": "ほんそう", "mn": "running about; making every effort (to do); busying oneself (with); being busily", "fr": 16212}, {"w": "走行", "rd": "そうこう", "mn": "running (of a car, bus, etc.); traveling; travelling", "fr": 22758}, {"w": "ご馳走さま", "rd": "ごちそうさま", "mn": "thank you (for the meal); that was a delicious meal", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "ご馳走様", "rd": "ごちそうさま", "mn": "thank you (for the meal); that was a delicious meal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "ご馳走様でした", "rd": "ごちそうさまでした", "mn": "thank you for the meal; that was a delicious meal; what a wonderful meal", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 66, "rp": 31, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "園", "g": 2, "o": 200, "f": 628, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "その", "m": "park; garden; yard; farm", "pm": "park", "r": [{"c": "囗", "nj": "くにがまえ", "ne": "border"}, {"c": "袁", "nj": "エン", "ne": "long kimono"}], "hc": "pent in; earthenware jar; lidded crock; soil; dirt; ground; mouth; scarf", "hk": "park", "hs": "Pent in . . . lidded crock . . . scarf.", "ks": "A nice picnic <i>pent up</i> in the <b>park</b> , with your <i>crock pot</i> and <i>scarf</i> (picnic blanket).", "v": [{"w": "公園", "rd": "こうえん", "mn": "(public) park", "fr": 2244}, {"w": "学園", "rd": "がくえん", "mn": "educational institution; school; academy; campus", "fr": 4029}, {"w": "遊園地", "rd": "ゆうえんち", "mn": "amusement park", "fr": 6934}, {"w": "幼稚園", "rd": "ようちえん", "mn": "kindergarten (in Japan, non-compulsory education from age 3 until primary school", "fr": 7654}, {"w": "楽園", "rd": "らくえん", "mn": "paradise; Eden", "fr": 9416}, {"w": "動物園", "rd": "どうぶつえん", "mn": "zoo; zoological gardens", "fr": 10955}, {"w": "園", "rd": "えん", "mn": "garden; orchard; park; plantation", "fr": 14551}, {"w": "庭園", "rd": "ていえん", "mn": "garden; park", "fr": 15288}, {"w": "保育園", "rd": "ほいくえん", "mn": "nursery school; day nursery; day care center", "fr": 18519}, {"w": "花園", "rd": "はなぞの", "mn": "flower garden", "fr": 20043}, {"w": "甲子園", "rd": "こうしえん", "mn": "Koshien Stadium (baseball park in Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture)", "fr": 23340}, {"w": "園芸", "rd": "えんげい", "mn": "horticulture; gardening", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "田園", "rd": "でんえん", "mn": "the country; countryside; rural districts", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "入園", "rd": "にゅうえん", "mn": "enrollment in kindergarten; enrollment in nursery school", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "園児", "rd": "えんじ", "mn": "kindergarten pupil; kindergartener; preschooler; child in daycare", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 58, "rp": 41, "l": 6, "n": "公園 遠い"}}, {"k": "秋", "g": 2, "o": 201, "f": 635, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "あき、とき", "m": "autumn", "pm": "autumn", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; fire", "hk": "autumn", "hs": "Wheat . . . fire.", "ks": "In <b>AUTUMN</b> , the WHEAT looks the color of FIRE, meaning it's time to harvest it.", "v": [{"w": "秋", "rd": "あき", "mn": "autumn; fall", "fr": 2958}, {"w": "今秋", "rd": "こんしゅう", "mn": "this autumn; this fall; autumn of this year", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千秋楽", "rd": "せんしゅうらく", "mn": "final day of a performance; closing date; final show", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "春夏秋冬", "rd": "しゅんかしゅうとう", "mn": "spring, summer, autumn (fall) and winter; the four seasons", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "春秋", "rd": "しゅんじゅう", "mn": "spring and autumn; spring and fall", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "昨秋", "rd": "さくしゅう", "mn": "autumn of last year; fall of last year", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "秋分", "rd": "しゅうぶん", "mn": "autumnal equinox; autumn equinox; fall equinox", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "秋口", "rd": "あきぐち", "mn": "beginning of autumn; beginning of fall", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "秋季", "rd": "しゅうき", "mn": "fall season; autumn season", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "秋晴れ", "rd": "あきばれ", "mn": "clear autumnal weather", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "秋風", "rd": "あきかぜ", "mn": "autumn breeze; fall breeze", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 158, "rp": 21, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "馬", "g": 2, "o": 202, "f": 639, "j": null, "on": "バ", "kun": "うま、うま-、ま", "m": "horse", "pm": "horse", "r": [{"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "team of horses", "hk": "horse", "hs": "Let the extra vertical stroke in the <i>mane</i> combine with the first vertical stroke to give an image of the <b>horse's</b> long neck. The only odd thing is the <i>tail feathers</i> at the end, but that should present a good image to remember the character by. The fact that the last stroke of <i>mane</i> and the first of <i>tail feathers</i> coincide should no longer surprise you.", "ks": "FINALLY!! Geeeeeeeeeez!!!.", "v": [{"w": "馬", "rd": "うま", "mn": "horse", "fr": 2914}, {"w": "馬鹿", "rd": "ばか", "mn": "idiot; moron; fool", "fr": 3209}, {"w": "馬車", "rd": "ばしゃ", "mn": "coach (horse-drawn); carriage; wagon; cart", "fr": 10062}, {"w": "馬鹿らしい", "rd": "ばからしい", "mn": "absurd; foolish; stupid; silly; nonsense; ludicrous; preposterous; laughable; ri", "fr": 18442}, {"w": "白馬", "rd": "はくば", "mn": "white horse", "fr": 22703}, {"w": "競馬", "rd": "けいば", "mn": "horse racing", "fr": 23081}, {"w": "三冠馬", "rd": "さんかんば", "mn": "winner of Japan's three main horse races", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "乗馬", "rd": "じょうば", "mn": "horse riding; horseback riding; mounting a horse", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "出馬", "rd": "しゅつば", "mn": "running (for election); coming forward as a candidate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競走馬", "rd": "きょうそうば", "mn": "racehorse", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競馬場", "rd": "けいばじょう", "mn": "racecourse; race track", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "馬主", "rd": "うまぬし", "mn": "owner of a horse (esp. racehorse)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "馬券", "rd": "ばけん", "mn": "betting ticket; betting slip", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "馬力", "rd": "ばりき", "mn": "horsepower; hp", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "馬場", "rd": "ばば", "mn": "riding ground; racecourse; racetrack", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 296, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "父", "g": 2, "o": 203, "f": 646, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "ちち", "m": "father", "pm": "father", "r": [{"c": "父", "nj": "ちち", "ne": "father"}], "hc": "", "hk": "father", "hs": "The kindness and hard work of the ideal <b>father</b> is seen in this abbreviation of the <i>taskmaster</i> that leaves off his rod or whip (the first stroke) and replaces it with the sweat of the <b>father's</b> brow (the two <i>drops</i> at the top).", "ks": "It is a pictograph of your dad tying his tie!", "v": [{"w": "お父さん", "rd": "おとうさん", "mn": "father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy; dada", "fr": 618}, {"w": "父", "rd": "ちち", "mn": "father", "fr": 863}, {"w": "父親", "rd": "ちちおや", "mn": "father", "fr": 1081}, {"w": "親父", "rd": "おやじ", "mn": "one's father; one's old man; dad; pops", "fr": 1964}, {"w": "父さん", "rd": "とうさん", "mn": "father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy; dada", "fr": 2160}, {"w": "祖父", "rd": "そふ", "mn": "grandfather", "fr": 6248}, {"w": "叔父", "rd": "おじ", "mn": "uncle", "fr": 12729}, {"w": "神父", "rd": "しんぷ", "mn": "Catholic priest; abbe; reverend father; minister; padre", "fr": 17122}, {"w": "義父", "rd": "ぎふ", "mn": "father-in-law", "fr": 19981}, {"w": "父母", "rd": "ふぼ", "mn": "father and mother; parents", "fr": 22251}, {"w": "祖父母", "rd": "そふぼ", "mn": "grandparents", "fr": 23543}, {"w": "お祖父さん", "rd": "おじいさん", "mn": "grandfather", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "亡父", "rd": "ぼうふ", "mn": "deceased father; late father", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "父兄", "rd": "ふけい", "mn": "guardians; parents", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "父子", "rd": "ふし", "mn": "father and child; father and son; father and daughter", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 359, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "夏", "g": 2, "o": 204, "f": 659, "j": null, "on": "カ、ガ、ゲ", "kun": "なつ", "m": "summer", "pm": "summer", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "自", "nj": "みずから", "ne": "self"}, {"c": "夂", "nj": "のまた", "ne": "to follow"}], "hc": "one; ceiling; drop; eye; walking legs", "hk": "summer", "hs": "In the <b>summer</b> , fatigued by the heat, your <i>head</i> hangs down nearly as far as your <i>walking legs</i> , or rather, your \"dragging legs.\" Note how the <i>walking legs</i> (instead of  \"animal legs\") are the only thing that distinguishes this character from that for <i>page</i> (Frame 64).", "ks": "In <b>SUMMER</b> you are hot from the top of your <i>head</i> down to your <i>walking legs</i>.", "v": [{"w": "夏", "rd": "なつ", "mn": "summer", "fr": 1330}, {"w": "夏休み", "rd": "なつやすみ", "mn": "summer vacation; summer holiday", "fr": 3515}, {"w": "真夏", "rd": "まなつ", "mn": "middle of summer; height of summer; midsummer", "fr": 11811}, {"w": "初夏", "rd": "しょか", "mn": "early summer", "fr": 18400}, {"w": "夏場", "rd": "なつば", "mn": "summertime; summer season", "fr": 22208}, {"w": "今夏", "rd": "こんか", "mn": "this summer; next summer; last summer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "冷夏", "rd": "れいか", "mn": "cool summer; cold summer; cooler-than-normal summer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "夏バテ", "rd": "なつバテ", "mn": "suffering from summer heat; summer heat fatigue", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "夏場所", "rd": "なつばしょ", "mn": "Summer Tournament (held in Tokyo in May)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "夏季", "rd": "かき", "mn": "summer season; summer; summertime", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "夏時間", "rd": "なつじかん", "mn": "daylight saving time; daylight savings time; summer time", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "夏期", "rd": "かき", "mn": "summer term (e.g. school); summer period", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "夏物", "rd": "なつもの", "mn": "summer clothing; summer wear", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "夏至", "rd": "げし", "mn": "summer solstice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "春夏秋冬", "rd": "しゅんかしゅうとう", "mn": "spring, summer, autumn (fall) and winter; the four seasons", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 223, "rp": 18, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "顔", "g": 2, "o": 205, "f": 676, "j": null, "on": "ガン", "kun": "かお", "m": "face; expression", "pm": "face", "r": [{"c": "彦", "nj": "ゲン", "ne": "lad"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "lad; vase; stand up; cliff; shape; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "face", "hs": "Lad . . . head.", "ks": "The <i>lad</i> jumps off the cliff, breaks his <i>head</i> , and smashes his <b>face</b>.", "v": [{"w": "顔", "rd": "かお", "mn": "face; visage; looks; (facial) features", "fr": 123}, {"w": "笑顔", "rd": "えがお", "mn": "smiling face; smile", "fr": 880}, {"w": "顔色", "rd": "かおいろ", "mn": "complexion; one's colour; one's color", "fr": 2475}, {"w": "顔を出す", "rd": "かおをだす", "mn": "to turn up; to make an appearance; to put in an appearance; to drop by", "fr": 3391}, {"w": "顔面", "rd": "がんめん", "mn": "face (of person)", "fr": 5331}, {"w": "横顔", "rd": "よこがお", "mn": "profile; face in profile; face seen from the side", "fr": 5869}, {"w": "寝顔", "rd": "ねがお", "mn": "sleeping face", "fr": 6631}, {"w": "顔つき", "rd": "かおつき", "mn": "(outward) looks; features; face; countenance; expression", "fr": 6779}, {"w": "真顔", "rd": "まがお", "mn": "serious look (on one's face); straight face", "fr": 7432}, {"w": "顔立ち", "rd": "かおだち", "mn": "looks; features", "fr": 7444}, {"w": "顔見知り", "rd": "かおみしり", "mn": "acquaintance", "fr": 8677}, {"w": "素顔", "rd": "すがお", "mn": "face with no make-up; unpainted face", "fr": 10070}, {"w": "泣き顔", "rd": "なきがお", "mn": "crying face; face of a person who is crying", "fr": 12834}, {"w": "顔合わせ", "rd": "かおあわせ", "mn": "(preliminary) meeting; face-to-face introduction", "fr": 14801}, {"w": "顔ぶれ", "rd": "かおぶれ", "mn": "personnel; members; lineup (of a team); roster; cast (of a play)", "fr": 17971}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 184, "rp": 40, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "船", "g": 2, "o": 206, "f": 713, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "ふね、ふな-", "m": "ship; boat", "pm": "ship", "r": [{"c": "舟", "nj": "ふね", "ne": "ship"}, {"c": "㕣", "nj": "", "ne": "a marsh at the foot of the hills"}], "hc": "boat; gully; eight; mouth", "hk": "ship", "hs": "Boat . . . gully.", "ks": "A boy floats his toy <i>boat</i> in a <i>gully</i> and imagines it as an immense <b>ship</b>.", "v": [{"w": "船", "rd": "ふね", "mn": "ship; boat; watercraft; vessel; seaplane", "fr": 2032}, {"w": "風船", "rd": "ふうせん", "mn": "balloon (toy or decoration)", "fr": 9895}, {"w": "船長", "rd": "せんちょう", "mn": "ship's captain; skipper", "fr": 15442}, {"w": "汽船", "rd": "きせん", "mn": "steamship; steamboat; steamer", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "漁船", "rd": "ぎょせん", "mn": "fishing boat", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "船便", "rd": "ふなびん", "mn": "surface mail (by ship); sea mail", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "船舶", "rd": "せんぱく", "mn": "vessel; ship; shipping; seacraft", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "造船", "rd": "ぞうせん", "mn": "shipbuilding", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "同船", "rd": "どうせん", "mn": "the same ship; taking the same ship", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大船", "rd": "おおぶね", "mn": "large boat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "客船", "rd": "きゃくせん", "mn": "passenger boat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "帆船", "rd": "はんせん", "mn": "sailing ship; sailing boat; sailing vessel", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "渡し船", "rd": "わたしぶね", "mn": "ferry; ferryboat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "船主", "rd": "せんしゅ", "mn": "shipowner", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "船体", "rd": "せんたい", "mn": "hull", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 260, "rp": 18, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "羽", "g": 2, "o": 207, "f": 748, "j": null, "on": "ウ", "kun": "は、わ、はね", "m": "feathers; counter for birds, rabbits", "pm": "feathers", "r": [{"c": "羽", "nj": "はね", "ne": "feather"}], "hc": "wings", "hk": "feathers", "hs": "From the pictograph of two bird-wings, we get <b>feathers</b>.", "ks": "Pictograph. Easy enough.", "v": [{"w": "羽", "rd": "はね", "mn": "feather; plume; down", "fr": 4701}, {"w": "羽根", "rd": "はね", "mn": "feather; plume; down", "fr": 10564}, {"w": "羽目", "rd": "はめ", "mn": "panel; wainscoting; wainscotting", "fr": 14235}, {"w": "羽毛", "rd": "うもう", "mn": "feather; plume; plumage; down", "fr": 24423}, {"w": "白羽", "rd": "しらは", "mn": "white feather", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "羽織", "rd": "はおり", "mn": "haori (Japanese formal coat)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "羽衣", "rd": "はごろも", "mn": "angel's raiment; robe of feathers", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 43, "rp": 18, "l": 2, "n": "羽 翼"}}, {"k": "岩", "g": 2, "o": 208, "f": 787, "j": null, "on": "ガン", "kun": "いわ", "m": "boulder; rock; cliff", "pm": "boulder", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}], "hc": "mountain; stone; rock", "hk": "boulder", "hs": "Mountain . . . rock.", "ks": "A <i>mountain</i> -sized <i>stone</i> is known as a <b>boulder</b>.", "v": [{"w": "岩", "rd": "いわ", "mn": "rock; boulder", "fr": 4036}, {"w": "溶岩", "rd": "ようがん", "mn": "lava", "fr": 23329}, {"w": "岩石", "rd": "がんせき", "mn": "rock", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一枚岩", "rd": "いちまいいわ", "mn": "monolith; large slab of rock", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "岩塩", "rd": "がんえん", "mn": "halite; rock salt", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "岩屋", "rd": "いわや", "mn": "cavern; grotto", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "岩山", "rd": "いわやま", "mn": "rocky mountain", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "岩盤", "rd": "がんばん", "mn": "bedrock", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "岩礁", "rd": "がんしょう", "mn": "reef", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "岩間", "rd": "いわま", "mn": "among rocks", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 85, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "角", "g": 2, "o": 209, "f": 805, "j": null, "on": "カク", "kun": "かど、つの", "m": "angle; corner; square; horn; antlers", "pm": "angle", "r": [], "hc": "bound up; glass canopy; hood; walking cane; stick; two", "hk": "angle", "hs": "<i>Bound up</i> . . . <i>glass canopy</i> . . . <i>walking stick</i> . . . <i>two</i>. If you write the character once, you will see why we avoided using the element for <i>soil</i> , which would prompt you to write it in improper order.", "ks": "A museum display of two walking sticks bound together under a glass canopy, showing the first device used to measure an <b>angle</b>.", "v": [{"w": "角", "rd": "かく", "mn": "angle", "fr": 3481}, {"w": "角度", "rd": "かくど", "mn": "angle", "fr": 3765}, {"w": "方角", "rd": "ほうがく", "mn": "direction; way", "fr": 5859}, {"w": "一角", "rd": "いっかく", "mn": "corner; section; point; part", "fr": 6620}, {"w": "互角", "rd": "ごかく", "mn": "equal (in ability); even; evenly matched; well-matched; on par (with)", "fr": 9471}, {"w": "四角い", "rd": "しかくい", "mn": "square; rectangular", "fr": 11193}, {"w": "折角", "rd": "せっかく", "mn": "with trouble; at great pains", "fr": 12374}, {"w": "三角", "rd": "さんかく", "mn": "triangle; triangular shape", "fr": 12717}, {"w": "曲がり角", "rd": "まがりかど", "mn": "(street) corner; turn (in the road); bend", "fr": 15542}, {"w": "三角形", "rd": "さんかくけい", "mn": "triangle", "fr": 19050}, {"w": "四角", "rd": "しかく", "mn": "quadrilateral; square", "fr": 23250}, {"w": "街角", "rd": "まちかど", "mn": "street corner", "fr": 24204}, {"w": "兎角", "rd": "とかく", "mn": "(doing) various things; (doing) this and that", "fr": 24516}, {"w": "四つ角", "rd": "よつかど", "mn": "four corners", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "直角", "rd": "ちょっかく", "mn": "right angle", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 62, "rp": 14, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "池", "g": 2, "o": 210, "f": 827, "j": null, "on": "チ", "kun": "いけ", "m": "pond; cistern; pool; reservoir", "pm": "pond", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "也", "nj": "ヤ", "ne": "to be (classical)"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; scorpion", "hk": "pond", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>scorpion</i>. It would be easy to slip into a  \"lazy image\" in cases like this one, picturing, let us say, a <i>scorpion</i> near the <i>water</i>. But if you picture rather a <i>scorpion</i> letting its venom out <i>drop by drop</i> until it has made a whole <b>pond</b> of the stuff, the image is more likely to remain fixed.", "ks": "Water scorpions loves to live in the pond.", "v": [{"w": "池", "rd": "いけ", "mn": "pond", "fr": 6731}, {"w": "電池", "rd": "でんち", "mn": "battery; cell", "fr": 12016}, {"w": "乾電池", "rd": "かんでんち", "mn": "dry cell battery", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "太陽電池", "rd": "たいようでんち", "mn": "solar cell", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蓄電池", "rd": "ちくでんち", "mn": "storage battery", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貯水池", "rd": "ちょすいち", "mn": "reservoir", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "電池切れ", "rd": "でんちぎれ", "mn": "running out of battery; battery depletion; going flat; going dead", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 74, "rp": 35, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "星", "g": 2, "o": 211, "f": 844, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ショウ", "kun": "ほし、-ぼし", "m": "star; spot; dot; mark", "pm": "star", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "生", "nj": "うまれる", "ne": "birth"}], "hc": "sun; day; life; This is Your Life; cell; drop; grow up", "hk": "star", "hs": "Sun . . . cell.", "ks": "Our star , the sun , gives life to all cells.", "v": [{"w": "星", "rd": "ほし", "mn": "star (usu. excluding the Sun); planet (usu. excluding Earth); heavenly body", "fr": 1377}, {"w": "星空", "rd": "ほしぞら", "mn": "starry sky", "fr": 8631}, {"w": "惑星", "rd": "わくせい", "mn": "planet", "fr": 12560}, {"w": "流れ星", "rd": "ながれぼし", "mn": "shooting star; falling star; meteor", "fr": 14798}, {"w": "星座", "rd": "せいざ", "mn": "constellation", "fr": 16354}, {"w": "衛星", "rd": "えいせい", "mn": "(natural) satellite; moon", "fr": 17835}, {"w": "火星", "rd": "かせい", "mn": "Mars (planet)", "fr": 24241}, {"w": "人工衛星", "rd": "じんこうえいせい", "mn": "artificial satellite; man-made satellite", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "勝ち星", "rd": "かちぼし", "mn": "(mark indicating) a win", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "土星", "rd": "どせい", "mn": "Saturn (planet)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "天王星", "rd": "てんのうせい", "mn": "Uranus (planet)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "小惑星", "rd": "しょうわくせい", "mn": "asteroid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巨星", "rd": "きょせい", "mn": "giant star", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "彗星", "rd": "すいせい", "mn": "comet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "恒星", "rd": "こうせい", "mn": "star", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 491, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "寺", "g": 2, "o": 212, "f": 879, "j": null, "on": "ジ", "kun": "てら", "m": "Buddhist temple", "pm": "Buddhist temple", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "buddhist temple; soil; dirt; ground; glue", "hk": "Buddhist temple", "hs": "You have heard of people \"attaching\" themselves to a particular sect? Here is your chance to take that metaphor literally and imagine some fellow walking into a <b>Buddhist temple</b> with a fervent resolve to attach himself to the place. Since there is plenty of unused <i>land</i> around the precincts, he simply picks out a suitable patch, brushes the soles of his feet with <i>glue</i> , steps down firmly, and so joins the <b>Buddhist temple</b> as a  \"permanent member.\"", "ks": "At the <b>Buddhist temple</b> the monks are seated on the <i>ground</i> , <i>glued</i> there in meditation.", "v": [{"w": "寺", "rd": "てら", "mn": "temple (Buddhist)", "fr": 9177}, {"w": "寺院", "rd": "じいん", "mn": "Buddhist temple", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "国分寺", "rd": "こくぶんじ", "mn": "state-supported provincial temple (Nara period)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "山寺", "rd": "やまでら", "mn": "mountain temple", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禅寺", "rd": "ぜんでら", "mn": "Zen temple", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 239, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "遠", "g": 2, "o": 213, "f": 887, "j": null, "on": "エン、オン", "kun": "とお.い", "m": "distant; far", "pm": "distant", "r": [{"c": "袁", "nj": "エン", "ne": "long kimono"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "earthenware jar; lidded crock; soil; dirt; ground; mouth; scarf; road", "hk": "distant", "hs": "A <b>distant</b> figure on the <i>road</i> is such a blur it looks like a <i>lidded crock</i> wearing a silk <i>scarf</i>.", "ks": "Keep <b>distant</b> from a <i>lidded crock</i> on the <i>road</i> wrapped in a <i>scarf</i>. It might be a bomb.", "v": [{"w": "遠い", "rd": "とおい", "mn": "far; distant; far away; a long way off; in the distance", "fr": 855}, {"w": "遠慮", "rd": "えんりょ", "mn": "reserve; constraint; restraint; modesty; diffidence; hesitation; holding back; d", "fr": 1176}, {"w": "遠く", "rd": "とおく", "mn": "far away; distant place; a (great) distance; a long way off; afar", "fr": 1197}, {"w": "永遠", "rd": "えいえん", "mn": "eternity; perpetuity; permanence; immortality", "fr": 1584}, {"w": "遠ざかる", "rd": "とおざかる", "mn": "to go away; to become more distant; to fade away; to die away", "fr": 4817}, {"w": "遠足", "rd": "えんそく", "mn": "school trip; field trip; excursion; outing", "fr": 11237}, {"w": "待ち遠しい", "rd": "まちどおしい", "mn": "longed-for; anxiously awaited", "fr": 12292}, {"w": "遠距離", "rd": "えんきょり", "mn": "long distance; tele-", "fr": 12935}, {"w": "遠征", "rd": "えんせい", "mn": "(military) expedition; campaign", "fr": 14239}, {"w": "遠方", "rd": "えんぽう", "mn": "distant place; faraway location; far away", "fr": 15011}, {"w": "疎遠", "rd": "そえん", "mn": "estrangement; alienation; neglecting to stay in contact", "fr": 16190}, {"w": "敬遠", "rd": "けいえん", "mn": "pretending to respect (someone) while in fact staying distant; keeping at arm's ", "fr": 19579}, {"w": "遠隔", "rd": "えんかく", "mn": "distant; remote; isolated", "fr": 20997}, {"w": "望遠鏡", "rd": "ぼうえんきょう", "mn": "telescope", "fr": 24408}, {"w": "ご遠慮ください", "rd": "ごえんりょください", "mn": "please refrain (from)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 46, "rp": 58, "l": 10, "n": ""}}, {"k": "絵", "g": 2, "o": 214, "f": 895, "j": null, "on": "カイ、エ", "kun": "", "m": "picture; drawing; painting; sketch", "pm": "picture", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "会", "nj": "カイ", "ne": "meeting"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; meeting; one; wall; umbrella; rising cloud; two; elbow; wall", "hk": "picture", "hs": "Thread . . . meeting.", "ks": "There's never a <b>picture</b> of Spiderman meeting Peter Parker… I wonder why?", "v": [{"w": "絵", "rd": "え", "mn": "picture; drawing; painting; sketch", "fr": 1671}, {"w": "絵を描く", "rd": "えをかく", "mn": "to paint a picture; to draw a picture", "fr": 6975}, {"w": "絵本", "rd": "えほん", "mn": "picture book", "fr": 9518}, {"w": "絵画", "rd": "かいが", "mn": "painting; picture", "fr": 9793}, {"w": "絵の具", "rd": "えのぐ", "mn": "paint; coloring materials; colors; colours", "fr": 17795}, {"w": "似顔絵", "rd": "にがおえ", "mn": "portrait; likeness; sketch (of a face)", "fr": 19564}, {"w": "挿絵", "rd": "さしえ", "mn": "illustration (in a book, newspaper, etc.); picture", "fr": 23995}, {"w": "油絵", "rd": "あぶらえ", "mn": "oil painting", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "墨絵", "rd": "すみえ", "mn": "ink painting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "影絵", "rd": "かげえ", "mn": "shadow picture; silhouette; shadowgraph", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浮世絵", "rd": "うきよえ", "mn": "ukiyo-e; ukiyoe", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "絵巻", "rd": "えまき", "mn": "picture scroll", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "絵巻物", "rd": "えまきもの", "mn": "picture scroll", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "絵文字", "rd": "えもじ", "mn": "emoji", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "絵葉書", "rd": "えはがき", "mn": "picture postcard", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 317, "rp": 16, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "曜", "g": 2, "o": 215, "f": 940, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "", "m": "weekday", "pm": "weekday", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "翟", "nj": "ケキ", "ne": "surname"}], "hc": "sun; day; futon; feathers; wings; turkey", "hk": "weekday", "hs": "Day . . . feathers . . . turkey.", "ks": "The poor farmer spends every weekday while the sun shines, plucking turkey feathers.", "v": [{"w": "日曜日", "rd": "にちようび", "mn": "Sunday", "fr": 4400}, {"w": "日曜", "rd": "にちよう", "mn": "Sunday", "fr": 5469}, {"w": "土曜日", "rd": "どようび", "mn": "Saturday", "fr": 5676}, {"w": "月曜日", "rd": "げつようび", "mn": "Monday", "fr": 9650}, {"w": "金曜日", "rd": "きんようび", "mn": "Friday", "fr": 9687}, {"w": "土曜", "rd": "どよう", "mn": "Saturday", "fr": 9704}, {"w": "月曜", "rd": "げつよう", "mn": "Monday", "fr": 13804}, {"w": "金曜", "rd": "きんよう", "mn": "Friday", "fr": 14524}, {"w": "水曜日", "rd": "すいようび", "mn": "Wednesday", "fr": 15445}, {"w": "火曜日", "rd": "かようび", "mn": "Tuesday", "fr": 18167}, {"w": "木曜日", "rd": "もくようび", "mn": "Thursday", "fr": 18363}, {"w": "曜日", "rd": "ようび", "mn": "day of the week", "fr": 23546}, {"w": "水曜", "rd": "すいよう", "mn": "Wednesday", "fr": 24254}, {"w": "木曜", "rd": "もくよう", "mn": "Thursday", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "火曜", "rd": "かよう", "mn": "Tuesday", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 814, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "弱", "g": 2, "o": 216, "f": 958, "j": null, "on": "ジャク", "kun": "よわ.い、よわ.る、よわ.まる、よわ.める", "m": "weak; frail", "pm": "weak", "r": [{"c": "弓", "nj": "ゆみ", "ne": "bow （in archery）"}, {"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}], "hc": "bow; ice", "hk": "weak", "hs": "<i>Two bows</i> . . with <i>ice</i> on them.", "ks": "BOWS with ICE on them are brittle and WEAK.", "v": [{"w": "弱い", "rd": "よわい", "mn": "weak; frail; delicate; tender; unskilled; weak (wine)", "fr": 841}, {"w": "弱る", "rd": "よわる", "mn": "to weaken; to grow weak; to wane; to decline (of one's health)", "fr": 3517}, {"w": "弱点", "rd": "じゃくてん", "mn": "weak point; weakness; shortcoming; defect; flaw; sore spot; tender spot", "fr": 3819}, {"w": "弱気", "rd": "よわき", "mn": "timid; weak-kneed; fainthearted", "fr": 5495}, {"w": "弱", "rd": "じゃく", "mn": "a little less than; a little under; slightly fewer than", "fr": 6801}, {"w": "弱まる", "rd": "よわまる", "mn": "to abate; to weaken; to be emaciated; to be dejected; to be perplexed", "fr": 7917}, {"w": "弱み", "rd": "よわみ", "mn": "(a) weakness; shortcoming; failing; sore point", "fr": 8244}, {"w": "か弱い", "rd": "かよわい", "mn": "weak; feeble; delicate; frail; helpless", "fr": 10221}, {"w": "弱者", "rd": "じゃくしゃ", "mn": "weak person; the weak; vulnerable person; disadvantaged person", "fr": 11131}, {"w": "弱音", "rd": "よわね", "mn": "feeble complaint; whine", "fr": 12417}, {"w": "弱める", "rd": "よわめる", "mn": "to weaken", "fr": 13393}, {"w": "弱虫", "rd": "よわむし", "mn": "coward; weakling; scaredy cat; wimp; sissy", "fr": 14366}, {"w": "衰弱", "rd": "すいじゃく", "mn": "weakness; debility; breakdown; prostration", "fr": 14728}, {"w": "貧弱", "rd": "ひんじゃく", "mn": "poor; meagre; meager; feeble; scanty; shabby; insubstantial", "fr": 14770}, {"w": "軟弱", "rd": "なんじゃく", "mn": "soft and lacking firmness; weak; fragile", "fr": 16498}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 216, "rp": 16, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "肉", "g": 2, "o": 217, "f": 986, "j": null, "on": "ニク", "kun": "しし", "m": "meat", "pm": "meat", "r": [{"c": "肉", "nj": "にく", "ne": "flesh"}], "hc": "person; inside; belt; person", "hk": "meat", "hs": "Let this doubling of one of the elements for \" <i>inside</i> \" yield the sense of \" <i>insides</i> \" to approach the key word, <b>meat</b>. The abbreviated form of this character gave us the primitive meaning of <i>flesh</i> or <i>part of the body</i> for the kanji 月.", "ks": "A person's inside \\- fleshy, raw, pink, meat.", "v": [{"w": "肉", "rd": "にく", "mn": "flesh", "fr": 1264}, {"w": "肉体", "rd": "にくたい", "mn": "the body; the flesh; the outer man; one's physique", "fr": 3081}, {"w": "筋肉", "rd": "きんにく", "mn": "muscle", "fr": 3368}, {"w": "皮肉", "rd": "ひにく", "mn": "irony; sarcasm; cynicism; satire", "fr": 4094}, {"w": "肉体的", "rd": "にくたいてき", "mn": "bodily; physical; corporeal", "fr": 9980}, {"w": "肉親", "rd": "にくしん", "mn": "blood relationship; blood relative", "fr": 12524}, {"w": "焼き肉", "rd": "やきにく", "mn": "yakiniku", "fr": 14525}, {"w": "鶏肉", "rd": "とりにく", "mn": "chicken meat", "fr": 16088}, {"w": "牛肉", "rd": "ぎゅうにく", "mn": "beef", "fr": 16248}, {"w": "豚肉", "rd": "ぶたにく", "mn": "pork", "fr": 16705}, {"w": "肉食", "rd": "にくしょく", "mn": "meat eating; eating of meat; meat diet", "fr": 17237}, {"w": "肉眼", "rd": "にくがん", "mn": "naked eye", "fr": 21652}, {"w": "焼肉", "rd": "やきにく", "mn": "yakiniku", "fr": 22071}, {"w": "太り肉", "rd": "ふとりじし", "mn": "corpulent; fat; chubby", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "羊肉", "rd": "ようにく", "mn": "mutton; lamb (meat)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 531, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "晴", "g": 2, "o": 218, "f": 1022, "j": null, "on": "セイ", "kun": "は.れる、は.れ、は.れ-、-ば.れ、は.らす", "m": "clear up", "pm": "clear up", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "青", "nj": "あお", "ne": "blue"}], "hc": "sun; day; blue; grow up; moon; flesh", "hk": "clear up", "hs": "Take the key word in its associations with the weather (unless that tempts you to include the primitive for <i>weather</i> , which doesn't belong here). Its elements: <i>sun</i> . . . <i>blue</i>.", "ks": "Sun and blue sky! Yep, the weather's cleared up!", "v": [{"w": "素晴らしい", "rd": "すばらしい", "mn": "wonderful; splendid; magnificent", "fr": 2268}, {"w": "晴れる", "rd": "はれる", "mn": "to clear up; to clear away; to be sunny; to stop raining", "fr": 2655}, {"w": "晴らす", "rd": "はらす", "mn": "to dispel; to clear away; to refresh (oneself)", "fr": 6743}, {"w": "晴れ", "rd": "はれ", "mn": "clear weather; fine weather", "fr": 12169}, {"w": "気晴らし", "rd": "きばらし", "mn": "recreation; diversion; relaxation", "fr": 12224}, {"w": "快晴", "rd": "かいせい", "mn": "clear weather; cloudless weather; good weather", "fr": 16526}, {"w": "見晴らし", "rd": "みはらし", "mn": "(scenic) view; prospect; outlook", "fr": 17024}, {"w": "晴天", "rd": "せいてん", "mn": "fine weather (i.e. little or no clouds); fair weather; clear weather; clear sky;", "fr": 18863}, {"w": "秋晴れ", "rd": "あきばれ", "mn": "clear autumnal weather", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "見晴らす", "rd": "みはらす", "mn": "to command a view; to look out over (onto, across, etc.); to overlook", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 67, "rp": 43, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "鳥", "g": 2, "o": 219, "f": 1043, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "とり", "m": "bird; chicken", "pm": "bird", "r": [{"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "white; dove; one; tail feathers", "hk": "bird", "hs": "<i>Dove</i> . . . <i>one</i> . . . <i>tail feathers</i>. This is, of course, the character from which we derived the primitive meaning of <i>dove</i>. Note the lengthening of the second stroke.", "ks": "There is only <i>one</i> <b>bird</b> with such beautiful <i>white</i> tail feathers: the albino <i>peakcock</i>.", "v": [{"w": "鳥", "rd": "とり", "mn": "bird", "fr": 1980}, {"w": "小鳥", "rd": "ことり", "mn": "small bird; little bird", "fr": 8049}, {"w": "一石二鳥", "rd": "いっせきにちょう", "mn": "killing two birds with one stone", "fr": 11578}, {"w": "鳥居", "rd": "とりい", "mn": "torii (Shinto shrine archway)", "fr": 20152}, {"w": "焼き鳥", "rd": "やきとり", "mn": "yakitori", "fr": 20226}, {"w": "白鳥", "rd": "はくちょう", "mn": "swan (Cygnus spp.)", "fr": 22637}, {"w": "渡り鳥", "rd": "わたりどり", "mn": "migratory bird; bird of passage", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "千鳥", "rd": "ちどり", "mn": "plover", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "水鳥", "rd": "みずとり", "mn": "waterfowl; water bird; shorebird", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "花鳥", "rd": "かちょう", "mn": "flowers and birds", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "野鳥", "rd": "やちょう", "mn": "wild bird", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鳥獣", "rd": "ちょうじゅう", "mn": "birds and wild animals; wildlife", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鳥類", "rd": "ちょうるい", "mn": "birds", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 388, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "冬", "g": 2, "o": 220, "f": 1090, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "ふゆ", "m": "winter", "pm": "winter", "r": [{"c": "夂", "nj": "のまた", "ne": "to follow"}, {"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}], "hc": "walking legs; ice", "hk": "winter", "hs": "<i>Walking legs</i> slipping on the <i>ice</i> are a sure sign of <b>winter</b>.", "ks": "Don't slip off your legs in <b>winter</b> , strap two skis to your feet.", "v": [{"w": "冬", "rd": "ふゆ", "mn": "winter", "fr": 2216}, {"w": "冬休み", "rd": "ふゆやすみ", "mn": "winter vacation; winter holidays", "fr": 15649}, {"w": "真冬", "rd": "まふゆ", "mn": "midwinter; dead of winter", "fr": 17355}, {"w": "冬眠", "rd": "とうみん", "mn": "hibernation; winter sleep; brumation; torpor", "fr": 23246}, {"w": "冬場", "rd": "ふゆば", "mn": "wintertime; winter season", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "冬季", "rd": "とうき", "mn": "winter season; winter", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "冬期", "rd": "とうき", "mn": "winter; wintertime; winter term", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "冬物", "rd": "ふゆもの", "mn": "winter clothing; winter wear", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "冬至", "rd": "とうじ", "mn": "winter solstice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "春夏秋冬", "rd": "しゅんかしゅうとう", "mn": "spring, summer, autumn (fall) and winter; the four seasons", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暖冬", "rd": "だんとう", "mn": "mild winter; warm winter", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "越冬", "rd": "えっとう", "mn": "passing the winter; hibernation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 249, "rp": 25, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "里", "g": 2, "o": 221, "f": 1096, "j": null, "on": "リ", "kun": "さと", "m": "ri; village; parent's home; league", "pm": "ri", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "computer; rice field; brains; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "ri", "hs": "That's right - a <b><i>ri</i></b>. Don't bother looking it up in your English dictionary, it's a Japanese word for measuring distances. One <b><i>ri</i></b> is about 4 kilometers or 2.5 miles. The kanji depicts how the measure came to be used. Atop we see the <i>rice field</i> , and below the element for <i>land</i>. Those four sections you see in the <i>rice field</i> (and which we made mention of when first we introduced the character in frame 14) are actually measurements of <i>land</i> , much the same as farm-sections in the United States have given us the notion of a \"country mile.\" The <i>land</i> division based on the size of a <i>rice field</i> is called a <b><i>ri</i></b>.", "ks": "It's not just any computer. It's an old Ata ri.", "v": [{"w": "里", "rd": "り", "mn": "Japanese league; ri", "fr": 8245}, {"w": "古里", "rd": "ふるさと", "mn": "hometown; birthplace; native place; one's old home", "fr": 17336}, {"w": "里帰り", "rd": "さとがえり", "mn": "returning home to one's parents (orig. of a married person); visiting one's pare", "fr": 22463}, {"w": "郷里", "rd": "きょうり", "mn": "hometown; birthplace", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一里塚", "rd": "いちりづか", "mn": "milestone (1 ri apart)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "万里", "rd": "ばんり", "mn": "thousands of miles", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千里", "rd": "せんり", "mn": "1000 ri; (a) long distance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "里子", "rd": "さとご", "mn": "foster child", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "里親", "rd": "さとおや", "mn": "foster parent; foster parents", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "昼", "g": 2, "o": 222, "f": 1115, "j": null, "on": "チュウ", "kun": "ひる", "m": "daytime; noon", "pm": "daytime", "r": [{"c": "尺", "nj": "シャク", "ne": "shaku"}, {"c": "旦", "nj": "タン", "ne": "daybreak"}], "hc": "shaku-hachi; flag; stick; nightbreak; sun; day; one; floor", "hk": "daytime", "hs": "Shakuhachi . . . nightbreak.", "ks": "Roosters in Japan are very civilised, they play the shakuhachi at nightbreak to signify the beginning of <b>daytime</b>.", "v": [{"w": "昼間", "rd": "ひるま", "mn": "daytime; during the day; time from sunrise until sunset; diurnal period", "fr": 2062}, {"w": "昼", "rd": "ひる", "mn": "noon; midday", "fr": 2065}, {"w": "お昼", "rd": "おひる", "mn": "lunch", "fr": 2456}, {"w": "昼休み", "rd": "ひるやすみ", "mn": "lunch break; noon recess; noon rest period", "fr": 4688}, {"w": "昼食", "rd": "ちゅうしょく", "mn": "lunch; midday meal", "fr": 5445}, {"w": "昼寝", "rd": "ひるね", "mn": "(afternoon) nap; sleeping during the day; siesta", "fr": 6010}, {"w": "昼飯", "rd": "ひるめし", "mn": "lunch; midday meal", "fr": 8114}, {"w": "昼過ぎ", "rd": "ひるすぎ", "mn": "just past noon; afternoon", "fr": 10474}, {"w": "昼ご飯", "rd": "ひるごはん", "mn": "lunch; midday meal", "fr": 11202}, {"w": "昼前", "rd": "ひるまえ", "mn": "morning; forenoon", "fr": 14250}, {"w": "昼下がり", "rd": "ひるさがり", "mn": "early afternoon", "fr": 16736}, {"w": "昼夜", "rd": "ちゅうや", "mn": "day and night", "fr": 21561}, {"w": "昼ごはん", "rd": "ひるごはん", "mn": "lunch; midday meal", "fr": 24655}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 165, "rp": 85, "l": 11, "n": ""}}, {"k": "茶", "g": 2, "o": 223, "f": 1116, "j": null, "on": "チャ、サ", "kun": "", "m": "tea", "pm": "tea", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "flowers; umbrella; wooden pole", "hk": "tea", "hs": "As everyone knows, <b>tea</b> is made from <b>tea</b> leaves. But the <b>tea</b> plant itself has its own <i>flowers</i> , which can be quite beautiful and add a special flavor to the <i>tea</i> , as the Chinese found out already over 4,598 years ago. With the image of a terrace of <i>flowering</i> <b>tea</b> bushes in mind, picture a number of brightly painted and very l-o-n-g <i>wooden poles</i> (Frame 207) placed here and there in their midst, with a tiny <i>umbrella</i> at the top to shade the delicate-tasting <b>tea</b> <i>flowers</i>.", "ks": "Tea is made from flowers dried under a canopy held up with wooden poles.", "v": [{"w": "お茶", "rd": "おちゃ", "mn": "tea (esp. green or barley)", "fr": 1186}, {"w": "無茶", "rd": "むちゃ", "mn": "absurd; unreasonable; ridiculous", "fr": 3182}, {"w": "紅茶", "rd": "こうちゃ", "mn": "black tea", "fr": 4434}, {"w": "茶", "rd": "ちゃ", "mn": "tea", "fr": 4880}, {"w": "喫茶店", "rd": "きっさてん", "mn": "coffee shop; tearoom; coffee lounge; coffeehouse; cafe", "fr": 5608}, {"w": "無茶苦茶", "rd": "むちゃくちゃ", "mn": "nonsensical; unreasonable; absurd; unrealistic", "fr": 9766}, {"w": "茶色", "rd": "ちゃいろ", "mn": "brown; light brown; tawny", "fr": 11400}, {"w": "滅茶苦茶", "rd": "めちゃくちゃ", "mn": "absurd; unreasonable; nonsensical; preposterous; incoherent", "fr": 12156}, {"w": "茶碗", "rd": "ちゃわん", "mn": "rice bowl; tea cup; teacup", "fr": 14985}, {"w": "麦茶", "rd": "むぎちゃ", "mn": "barley tea", "fr": 15512}, {"w": "喫茶", "rd": "きっさ", "mn": "tea drinking", "fr": 18610}, {"w": "抹茶", "rd": "まっちゃ", "mn": "matcha; powdered green tea", "fr": 19927}, {"w": "緑茶", "rd": "りょくちゃ", "mn": "green tea; Japanese tea", "fr": 20180}, {"w": "茶の湯", "rd": "ちゃのゆ", "mn": "tea ceremony; chanoyu", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "茶の間", "rd": "ちゃのま", "mn": "(Japanese-style) living room", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 121, "rp": 33, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "雪", "g": 2, "o": 224, "f": 1131, "j": null, "on": "セツ", "kun": "ゆき", "m": "snow", "pm": "snow", "r": [{"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}], "hc": "rain; weather; broom", "hk": "snow", "hs": "<i>Rain</i> that undergoes a change so that it can be swept aside with a <i>broom</i> is <b>snow</b>.", "ks": "Unlike rain , snow can be swept away with a broom.", "v": [{"w": "雪", "rd": "ゆき", "mn": "snow; snowfall", "fr": 2179}, {"w": "吹雪", "rd": "ふぶき", "mn": "snow storm; blizzard", "fr": 15192}, {"w": "雪崩", "rd": "なだれ", "mn": "avalanche; snowslide", "fr": 23012}, {"w": "初雪", "rd": "はつゆき", "mn": "first snow (of the season); first snowfall", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大雪", "rd": "おおゆき", "mn": "heavy snow; heavy snowfall", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新雪", "rd": "しんせつ", "mn": "fresh snow; new snow", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "積雪", "rd": "せきせつ", "mn": "fallen snow; snow cover", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "降雪", "rd": "こうせつ", "mn": "snowfall; snow", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雪国", "rd": "ゆきぐに", "mn": "snow country; snowy region", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雪渓", "rd": "せっけい", "mn": "snowy valley", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雪解け", "rd": "ゆきどけ", "mn": "thawing of snow; thaw", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雪辱", "rd": "せつじょく", "mn": "vindication of honour; vindication of honor; making up for loss; revenge", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 745, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "弟", "g": 2, "o": 225, "f": 1161, "j": null, "on": "テイ、ダイ、デ", "kun": "おとうと", "m": "younger brother; faithful service to elders", "pm": "younger brother", "r": [{"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}, {"c": "弔", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "condolences"}, {"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}], "hc": "horns; dollar; bow; stick", "hk": "younger brother", "hs": "Horns . . . dollar sign.", "ks": "The younger brother was a horny dollar -chasing bastard.", "v": [{"w": "弟", "rd": "おとうと", "mn": "younger brother; little brother; kid brother", "fr": 1594}, {"w": "兄弟", "rd": "きょうだい", "mn": "brothers and sisters; siblings", "fr": 2562}, {"w": "弟子", "rd": "でし", "mn": "pupil; disciple; adherent; follower; apprentice; young person; teacher's student", "fr": 5066}, {"w": "従兄弟", "rd": "いとこ", "mn": "cousin (male)", "fr": 10481}, {"w": "弟子入り", "rd": "でしいり", "mn": "becoming a pupil (of); becoming an apprentice", "fr": 20462}, {"w": "子弟", "rd": "してい", "mn": "children; sons", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "実弟", "rd": "じってい", "mn": "biological younger brother", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "師弟", "rd": "してい", "mn": "teacher and student", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弟妹", "rd": "ていまい", "mn": "younger brother and sister", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "義弟", "rd": "ぎてい", "mn": "brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 503, "rp": 11, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "毛", "g": 2, "o": 226, "f": 1179, "j": null, "on": "モウ", "kun": "け", "m": "fur; hair; feather; down", "pm": "fur", "r": [{"c": "毛", "nj": "け", "ne": "hair"}], "hc": "", "hk": "fur", "hs": "This character simply reverses the direction of the final stroke of <i>hand</i> to produce <b>fur</b>. If you reverse your <i>hand</i> and put its palm down, you will have the side on which <b>fur</b> grows.", "ks": "Reverse stroke of hand disturbs the fur.", "v": [{"w": "髪の毛", "rd": "かみのけ", "mn": "hair (on the head); (a) hair", "fr": 3450}, {"w": "毛", "rd": "け", "mn": "hair", "fr": 4552}, {"w": "毛布", "rd": "もうふ", "mn": "blanket", "fr": 7369}, {"w": "不毛", "rd": "ふもう", "mn": "barren; sterile; infertile", "fr": 11235}, {"w": "毛皮", "rd": "けがわ", "mn": "fur; skin; pelt", "fr": 16529}, {"w": "眉毛", "rd": "まゆげ", "mn": "eyebrow", "fr": 18724}, {"w": "羽毛", "rd": "うもう", "mn": "feather; plume; plumage; down", "fr": 24423}, {"w": "毛糸", "rd": "けいと", "mn": "knitting wool; woolen yarn; woollen yarn", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "羊毛", "rd": "ようもう", "mn": "wool", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "毛筆", "rd": "もうひつ", "mn": "(writing, painting) brush", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "毛虫", "rd": "けむし", "mn": "hairy caterpillar; woolly bear", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 153, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "牛", "g": 2, "o": 227, "f": 1202, "j": null, "on": "ギュウ", "kun": "うし", "m": "cow", "pm": "cow", "r": [{"c": "牛", "nj": "うし", "ne": "cow"}], "hc": "", "hk": "cow", "hs": "Can you the \"doodle\" of a <b>cow</b> that has just been run over by a steamroller? The small dot in the first stroke shows its head turned to one side, and the next two strokes, the four legs.", "ks": "A cow bleeds vermilion when you cut off two of it's legs.", "v": [{"w": "牛", "rd": "うし", "mn": "cattle (Bos taurus); cow; bull; ox; calf", "fr": 4743}, {"w": "牛乳", "rd": "ぎゅうにゅう", "mn": "(cow's) milk", "fr": 5505}, {"w": "牛肉", "rd": "ぎゅうにく", "mn": "beef", "fr": 16248}, {"w": "牛丼", "rd": "ぎゅうどん", "mn": "gyudon", "fr": 20442}, {"w": "和牛", "rd": "わぎゅう", "mn": "Wagyu (any of four breeds of Japanese cattle); Wagyu beef", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "子牛", "rd": "こうし", "mn": "calf", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "水牛", "rd": "すいぎゅう", "mn": "water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis); domestic Asian water buffalo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "牛歩", "rd": "ぎゅうほ", "mn": "snail's pace; slow progress", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "牛舎", "rd": "ぎゅうしゃ", "mn": "cow shed; cattle barn", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 145, "rp": 21, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "魚", "g": 2, "o": 228, "f": 1208, "j": null, "on": "ギョ", "kun": "うお、さかな、-ざかな", "m": "fish", "pm": "fish", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "bound up; rice field; brains; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "fish", "hs": "The composition of this kanji shows three elements, which we list in the order of their writing: <i>bound up</i> . . . <i>rice field</i> . . . <i>cooking fire</i>. Not much to work with at first sight. But we can join them together by thinking of a three-part story: first a <b>fish</b> is caught and <i>bound up</i> on a line with its unfortunate school-mates, when the fisherman gets home, he cuts off the head and tosses it, with the entrails, out into the <i>rice fields</i> for fertilizer, and the rest he sets in a skillet over a <i>cooking fire</i> for his supper.", "ks": "Bind that FISH and cook his brains! Yarhh!", "v": [{"w": "魚", "rd": "さかな", "mn": "fish", "fr": 1810}, {"w": "金魚", "rd": "きんぎょ", "mn": "goldfish (Carassius auratus)", "fr": 14585}, {"w": "熱帯魚", "rd": "ねったいぎょ", "mn": "tropical fish", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "稚魚", "rd": "ちぎょ", "mn": "fry; juvenile fish; fingerling", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "魚介", "rd": "ぎょかい", "mn": "marine products; seafood; fish and shellfish", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "魚介類", "rd": "ぎょかいるい", "mn": "marine products; seafood; fish and shellfish", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "魚屋", "rd": "さかなや", "mn": "fish market; fish dealer; fishmonger", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "魚市場", "rd": "うおいちば", "mn": "fish market", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "魚群", "rd": "ぎょぐん", "mn": "school of fish; shoal of fish", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "魚肉", "rd": "ぎょにく", "mn": "fish meat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "魚雷", "rd": "ぎょらい", "mn": "torpedo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "魚類", "rd": "ぎょるい", "mn": "fish; fishes", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鮮魚", "rd": "せんぎょ", "mn": "fresh fish", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 1220, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "兄", "g": 2, "o": 229, "f": 1219, "j": null, "on": "ケイ、キョウ", "kun": "あに", "m": "elder brother; big brother", "pm": "elder brother", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}], "hc": "teenager; mouth; human legs", "hk": "elder brother", "hs": "By now kanji like this one should \"look like\" something to you even though it is more of an \"ideogram\" than a \"pictograph.\" The large <i>mouth</i> on top and the <i>human legs</i> below almost jump off the page as a caricature of <b>elder brother</b> , the one with the big <i>mouth</i> (or if you prefer a kinder image, the one who  \"has the say\" among all the children).", "ks": "My <b>elder brother</b> was basically a mouth on legs when he was a teenager.", "v": [{"w": "兄", "rd": "あに", "mn": "older brother; elder brother", "fr": 1613}, {"w": "お兄さん", "rd": "おにいさん", "mn": "older brother; elder brother", "fr": 2310}, {"w": "兄弟", "rd": "きょうだい", "mn": "brothers and sisters; siblings", "fr": 2562}, {"w": "兄貴", "rd": "あにき", "mn": "elder brother", "fr": 2779}, {"w": "兄さん", "rd": "にいさん", "mn": "older brother; elder brother", "fr": 3835}, {"w": "兄ちゃん", "rd": "にいちゃん", "mn": "(one's) older brother", "fr": 4315}, {"w": "従兄弟", "rd": "いとこ", "mn": "cousin (male)", "fr": 10481}, {"w": "義兄", "rd": "ぎけい", "mn": "brother-in-law (spouse's older brother or older sister's husband)", "fr": 22597}, {"w": "実兄", "rd": "じっけい", "mn": "biological older brother", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "父兄", "rd": "ふけい", "mn": "guardians; parents", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 813, "rp": 14, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "黄", "g": 2, "o": 230, "f": 1240, "j": null, "on": "コウ、オウ", "kun": "き、こ-", "m": "yellow", "pm": "yellow", "r": [{"c": "龷", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "由", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "wherefore"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}], "hc": "salad; sprout; shoot; animal legs; eight", "hk": "yellow", "hs": "Salad . . . sprout . . . animal legs.", "ks": "The <i>salad</i> did not look very appetizing… The <i>sprouts</i> were <b>yellow</b> and there were <i>animal legs</i> sticking out of it.", "v": [{"w": "黄色い", "rd": "きいろい", "mn": "yellow", "fr": 5589}, {"w": "黄色", "rd": "きいろ", "mn": "yellow; amber", "fr": 6818}, {"w": "黄金", "rd": "おうごん", "mn": "gold (Au)", "fr": 7040}, {"w": "黄昏", "rd": "たそがれ", "mn": "dusk; twilight", "fr": 22124}, {"w": "硫黄", "rd": "いおう", "mn": "sulfur (S); sulphur", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "黄身", "rd": "きみ", "mn": "egg yolk", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "黄金時代", "rd": "おうごんじだい", "mn": "golden age", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 54, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "雲", "g": 2, "o": 231, "f": 1256, "j": null, "on": "ウン", "kun": "くも、-ぐも", "m": "cloud", "pm": "cloud", "r": [{"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}, {"c": "云", "nj": "ウン", "ne": "say"}], "hc": "rain; weather; rising cloud; two; elbow; wall", "hk": "cloud", "hs": "Here is the full character for <b>cloud</b> from which the primitive for a <i>rising cloud</i> derives. <i>Clouds</i> begin with vapors <i>rising</i> up in small <i>clouds</i> from the surface of the earth, and then gathering to make <b>clouds</b> that eventually dump their <i>rain</i> back on the earth.", "ks": "Every cloud is a potential rain cloud.", "v": [{"w": "雲", "rd": "くも", "mn": "cloud", "fr": 3056}, {"w": "雨雲", "rd": "あまぐも", "mn": "rain cloud", "fr": 23623}, {"w": "暗雲", "rd": "あんうん", "mn": "dark clouds", "fr": 24815}, {"w": "雲泥の差", "rd": "うんでいのさ", "mn": "wide difference; a world of difference", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雲行き", "rd": "くもゆき", "mn": "weather; look of the sky", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雲雀", "rd": "ひばり", "mn": "skylark (Alauda arvensis)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "青雲", "rd": "せいうん", "mn": "blue sky", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "風雲", "rd": "ふううん", "mn": "winds and clouds; nature; the elements", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 392, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "鳴", "g": 2, "o": 232, "f": 1279, "j": null, "on": "メイ", "kun": "な.く、な.る、な.らす", "m": "chirp; cry; bark; sound; ring; echo; honk", "pm": "chirp", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "鳥", "nj": "とり", "ne": "bird"}], "hc": "mouth; bird", "hk": "chirp", "hs": "Mouth . . . bird.", "ks": "Just 100 left to go! 頑張れ！ .", "v": [{"w": "鳴り", "rd": "なり", "mn": "ringing; sound", "fr": 1221}, {"w": "鳴る", "rd": "なる", "mn": "to sound; to ring; to resound; to echo; to roar; to rumble", "fr": 1445}, {"w": "悲鳴", "rd": "ひめい", "mn": "shriek; scream", "fr": 2325}, {"w": "鳴らす", "rd": "ならす", "mn": "to ring; to sound; to chime; to beat; to snort (nose); to snap (fingers); to cra", "fr": 3266}, {"w": "鳴き声", "rd": "なきごえ", "mn": "cry (of an animal); call; chirp; song; caw; roar; bark; yelp; meow", "fr": 3449}, {"w": "鳴く", "rd": "なく", "mn": "to make sound (of an animal); to call; to cry; to whine; to sing; to chirp", "fr": 5253}, {"w": "怒鳴る", "rd": "どなる", "mn": "to shout (in anger); to yell", "fr": 5372}, {"w": "雷鳴", "rd": "らいめい", "mn": "thunder; thunderclap; crash of thunder", "fr": 11243}, {"w": "共鳴", "rd": "きょうめい", "mn": "resonance", "fr": 13766}, {"w": "怒鳴り込む", "rd": "どなりこむ", "mn": "to storm in with a yell", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鳴門", "rd": "なると", "mn": "strait with a roaring tidal ebb and flow; whirlpool; maelstrom", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 106, "rp": 24, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "矢", "g": 2, "o": 233, "f": 1294, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "や", "m": "dart; arrow", "pm": "dart", "r": [{"c": "天", "nj": "テン", "ne": "heavens"}], "hc": "drop; heavens", "hk": "dart", "hs": "When shot high into the <i>heavens</i> , the <b>dart</b> gets so small it looks like a mere <i>drop</i>. Although this character could as well mean  \"arrow,\" it has no connection with the primitive of that meaning. Hence the new key word.", "ks": "Do not mistake with LOSE 失 .", "v": [{"w": "矢", "rd": "や", "mn": "arrow", "fr": 4528}, {"w": "無理矢理", "rd": "むりやり", "mn": "forcibly; by force; against one's will", "fr": 5810}, {"w": "矢先", "rd": "やさき", "mn": "arrowhead", "fr": 8711}, {"w": "弓矢", "rd": "ゆみや", "mn": "bow and arrow", "fr": 20849}, {"w": "矢印", "rd": "やじるし", "mn": "arrow (symbol)", "fr": 23228}], "p": null}, {"k": "妹", "g": 2, "o": 234, "f": 1446, "j": null, "on": "マイ", "kun": "いもうと", "m": "younger sister", "pm": "younger sister", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "未", "nj": "ミ", "ne": "un-"}], "hc": "woman; not yet; one; tree; wood", "hk": "younger sister", "hs": "The <b>younger sister</b> in the family is the <i>woman</i> in the family who, like the newest branch in a tree, is <i>not yet</i> old enough or mature enough to do everything the elder sister can do (See frame 442).", "ks": "My <b>younger sister</b> is NOT YET a fully grown WOMAN.", "v": [{"w": "妹", "rd": "いもうと", "mn": "younger sister", "fr": 1036}, {"w": "姉妹", "rd": "しまい", "mn": "sisters", "fr": 4342}, {"w": "従姉妹", "rd": "いとこ", "mn": "cousin (female)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "弟妹", "rd": "ていまい", "mn": "younger brother and sister", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "義妹", "rd": "ぎまい", "mn": "sister-in-law (spouse's younger sister or younger brother's wife)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 203, "rp": 22, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "姉", "g": 2, "o": 235, "f": 1473, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "あね、はは", "m": "elder sister", "pm": "elder sister", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "市", "nj": "シ", "ne": "market"}], "hc": "woman; market; top hat; towel", "hk": "elder sister", "hs": "Of all the <i>women</i> of the family, it is the <b>elder sister</b> who has the duty to go to <i>market</i> to do the shopping.", "ks": "She's old enough to be allowed to go to the market.", "v": [{"w": "姉", "rd": "あね", "mn": "older sister; elder sister", "fr": 1900}, {"w": "お姉さん", "rd": "おねえさん", "mn": "older sister; elder sister", "fr": 2030}, {"w": "姉さん", "rd": "ねえさん", "mn": "older sister; elder sister", "fr": 4212}, {"w": "姉妹", "rd": "しまい", "mn": "sisters", "fr": 4342}, {"w": "義姉", "rd": "ぎし", "mn": "sister-in-law (spouse's older sister or older brother's wife)", "fr": 23278}, {"w": "従姉妹", "rd": "いとこ", "mn": "cousin (female)", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 177, "rp": 46, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "才", "g": 2, "o": 236, "f": 1497, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "", "m": "genius; years old; cubic shaku", "pm": "genius", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}], "hc": "genie", "hk": "genius", "hs": "Whatever one is particularly adept at - one's special \" <b>genius</b> \" \\- one can do very easily, \"with one finger\" as the phrase goes. This kanji is a pictograph of that one finger. Note how its distinctive form is created by writing the final stroke of the element for <i>fingers</i> backwards.", "ks": "Ten is ten, but add a stroke of genius and…", "v": [{"w": "才能", "rd": "さいのう", "mn": "talent; ability", "fr": 1675}, {"w": "天才", "rd": "てんさい", "mn": "genius; prodigy; natural gift", "fr": 2176}, {"w": "才", "rd": "さい", "mn": "ability; gift; talent; aptitude; genius", "fr": 13523}, {"w": "漫才", "rd": "まんざい", "mn": "manzai; comic dialogue", "fr": 17319}, {"w": "秀才", "rd": "しゅうさい", "mn": "bright person; talented student; prodigy", "fr": 22154}, {"w": "多才", "rd": "たさい", "mn": "talented", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鬼才", "rd": "きさい", "mn": "wizard; genius; remarkable talent; exceptional ability", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 289, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "麦", "g": 2, "o": 237, "f": 1615, "j": null, "on": "バク", "kun": "むぎ", "m": "barley; wheat", "pm": "barley", "r": [{"c": "龶", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "夂", "nj": "のまた", "ne": "to follow"}], "hc": "grow up; walking legs", "hk": "barley", "hs": "Grow up . . . walking legs.", "ks": "If you eat lots of <b>barley</b> , you'll <i>grow up</i> to have strong <i>walking legs</i>.", "v": [{"w": "麦茶", "rd": "むぎちゃ", "mn": "barley tea", "fr": 15512}, {"w": "小麦粉", "rd": "こむぎこ", "mn": "wheat flour", "fr": 15985}, {"w": "麦", "rd": "むぎ", "mn": "wheat; barley; oat (oats)", "fr": 17413}, {"w": "小麦", "rd": "こむぎ", "mn": "wheat", "fr": 23550}, {"w": "蕎麦", "rd": "そば", "mn": "buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "大麦", "rd": "おおむぎ", "mn": "barley (Hordeum vulgare)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蕎麦屋", "rd": "そばや", "mn": "soba restaurant", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "麦畑", "rd": "むぎばたけ", "mn": "wheat field; barley field; cornfield", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "麦芽", "rd": "ばくが", "mn": "malt", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 23, "rp": 29, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "刀", "g": 2, "o": 238, "f": 1794, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "かたな、そり", "m": "sword; saber; knife", "pm": "sword", "r": [{"c": "刀", "nj": "かたな", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "dagger", "hk": "sword", "hs": "Although this character no longer looks very much like a <b>sword</b> , it does have some resemblance to the handle of the <b>sword</b>. This is to our advantage, in that it helps us keep make a distinction between two primitive elements based on this kanji.", "ks": "This <b>SWORD</b> is so sharp, it can cut the top part of カ off in カタナ.", "v": [{"w": "刀", "rd": "かたな", "mn": "sword (esp. Japanese single-edged); katana", "fr": 4217}, {"w": "太刀", "rd": "たち", "mn": "long sword (as opposed to the shorter katana)", "fr": 21220}, {"w": "日本刀", "rd": "にほんとう", "mn": "Japanese sword (usu. single-edged and curved); Japanese bladed weapon", "fr": 23665}, {"w": "剃刀", "rd": "かみそり", "mn": "razor", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "刀剣", "rd": "とうけん", "mn": "sword; dagger; knife; bayonet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大刀", "rd": "だいとう", "mn": "(Japanese) long sword; large sword", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "小刀", "rd": "こがたな", "mn": "(small) knife", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "短刀", "rd": "たんとう", "mn": "short sword; knife; dagger; dirk; tantō", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "竹刀", "rd": "しない", "mn": "bamboo sword (for kendo); bamboo fencing stick", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "弓", "g": 2, "o": 239, "f": 1802, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "ゆみ", "m": "bow; bow (archery, violin)", "pm": "bow", "r": [{"c": "弓", "nj": "ゆみ", "ne": "bow （in archery）"}], "hc": "", "hk": "bow", "hs": "This character pictures the bent wooden <b>bow</b>. Later we will learn how to make the <i>bowstring</i> that goes with it (Frame 1490). If you stretch this character out and see the indentation on the left as its handle, the pictography should be clearer.", "ks": "I have a BOW made from a SNAKE that I BOUND UP. He sure wasn't happy!", "v": [{"w": "弓", "rd": "ゆみ", "mn": "bow (weapon)", "fr": 7987}, {"w": "弓矢", "rd": "ゆみや", "mn": "bow and arrow", "fr": 20849}, {"w": "弓道", "rd": "きゅうどう", "mn": "kyudo; Japanese archery", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "汽", "g": 2, "o": 240, "f": 2020, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "", "m": "vapor; steam", "pm": "vapor", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "气", "nj": "きがまえ", "ne": "steam"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; landed fish; reclining; lying down; one; floor; fishhook", "hk": "vapor", "hs": "Think of this character as a sibling of that for <i>spirit</i>. Simply replace <i>sheaves</i> with drops of <i>water</i> on the left in order to get <i>vapor</i>.", "ks": "Water <b>vapor</b> almost looks like a spirit but has no soul.", "v": [{"w": "汽車", "rd": "きしゃ", "mn": "steam locomotive; steam train", "fr": 22029}, {"w": "汽船", "rd": "きせん", "mn": "steamship; steamboat; steamer", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "汽笛", "rd": "きてき", "mn": "steam whistle", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "事", "g": 3, "o": 241, "f": 18, "j": null, "on": "ジ、ズ", "kun": "こと、つか.う、つか.える", "m": "matter; thing; fact; business; reason; possibly", "pm": "matter", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "亅", "nj": "はねぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke with a hook"}], "hc": "one; ceiling; mouth; rake", "hk": "matter", "hs": "This key word here refers to abstract <b>matters</b>. The elements are: <i>one</i> . . . <i>mouth</i> . . . <i>rake</i>. Note how the <i>rake</i> handle reaches out the top and bottom of the character.", "ks": "Just <i>one</i> word about this <b>matter</b> from your <i>mouth</i> and you will find this <i>rake</i> across it.", "v": [{"w": "仕事", "rd": "しごと", "mn": "work; job; labor; labour; business; task; assignment; occupation; employment", "fr": 210}, {"w": "大事", "rd": "だいじ", "mn": "important; serious; crucial", "fr": 326}, {"w": "無事", "rd": "ぶじ", "mn": "safety; security; peace; quiet", "fr": 643}, {"w": "事", "rd": "こと", "mn": "thing; matter", "fr": 650}, {"w": "事件", "rd": "じけん", "mn": "event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble; scandal", "fr": 848}, {"w": "事実", "rd": "じじつ", "mn": "fact; truth; reality", "fr": 899}, {"w": "返事", "rd": "へんじ", "mn": "reply; answer; response", "fr": 916}, {"w": "食事", "rd": "しょくじ", "mn": "meal (e.g. lunch, dinner)", "fr": 946}, {"w": "事情", "rd": "じじょう", "mn": "circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs", "fr": 964}, {"w": "見事", "rd": "みごと", "mn": "splendid; magnificent; excellent; fine; superb; beautiful; admirable", "fr": 1408}, {"w": "事故", "rd": "じこ", "mn": "accident; incident; trouble", "fr": 1414}, {"w": "用事", "rd": "ようじ", "mn": "business; things to do; engagement; errand; affairs", "fr": 1640}, {"w": "事態", "rd": "じたい", "mn": "situation; (present) state of affairs; circumstances", "fr": 1905}, {"w": "出来事", "rd": "できごと", "mn": "occurrence; happening; incident; event", "fr": 2084}, {"w": "事前", "rd": "じぜん", "mn": "prior; beforehand; in advance; before the fact; ex ante", "fr": 3149}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 215, "rp": 23, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "発", "g": 3, "o": 242, "f": 32, "j": null, "on": "ハツ、ホツ", "kun": "た.つ、あば.く、おこ.る、つか.わす、はな.つ", "m": "departure; discharge; publish; emit; start from; disclose; counter for gunshots", "pm": "departure", "r": [{"c": "癶", "nj": "はつがしら", "ne": "outspread legs"}, {"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}, {"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}], "hc": "teepee; wigwam; two; human legs", "hk": "discharge", "hs": "This key word refers to the <b>discharging</b> of guns, trains, people, and even words. The elements: <i>teepee</i> . . . <i>two</i> . . . <i>human legs</i>. Contrast the writing with frame 63.", "ks": "I spent some time in her TEEPEE…just the TWO of us…but I looked between her HUMAN LEGS and I saw a nasty <b>DISCHARGE</b> …so I made my 出発 rather hastily.", "v": [{"w": "発見", "rd": "はっけん", "mn": "discovery; detection; finding", "fr": 1152}, {"w": "発生", "rd": "はっせい", "mn": "occurrence; incidence; outbreak; birth (e.g. of civilization)", "fr": 1825}, {"w": "爆発", "rd": "ばくはつ", "mn": "explosion; detonation; blast; blowing up; eruption", "fr": 1869}, {"w": "発表", "rd": "はっぴょう", "mn": "announcement; publication; presenting; statement; communique; making known; brea", "fr": 1907}, {"w": "出発", "rd": "しゅっぱつ", "mn": "departure; leaving; setting off", "fr": 2129}, {"w": "発言", "rd": "はつげん", "mn": "statement; remark; observation; utterance; speech; proposal", "fr": 2253}, {"w": "一発", "rd": "いっぱつ", "mn": "one shot; one charge; one explosion", "fr": 2257}, {"w": "開発", "rd": "かいはつ", "mn": "development; cultivation; application", "fr": 2623}, {"w": "発する", "rd": "はっする", "mn": "to let out; to utter; to produce; to emit; to give forth; to discharge", "fr": 3124}, {"w": "発揮", "rd": "はっき", "mn": "show (of power, ability, etc.); exhibition; demonstration; display; manifestatio", "fr": 3145}, {"w": "発", "rd": "はつ", "mn": "departure; departing from ...; leaving at (e.g. 8:30)", "fr": 3457}, {"w": "発想", "rd": "はっそう", "mn": "idea; conception", "fr": 3562}, {"w": "発展", "rd": "はってん", "mn": "development; growth; expansion; extension; flourishing", "fr": 3735}, {"w": "発動", "rd": "はつどう", "mn": "putting into operation", "fr": 4371}, {"w": "挑発", "rd": "ちょうはつ", "mn": "provocation; stirring up; arousal; excitement; stimulation", "fr": 4680}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 198, "rp": 22, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "対", "g": 3, "o": 243, "f": 34, "j": null, "on": "タイ、ツイ", "kun": "あいて、こた.える、そろ.い、つれあ.い、なら.ぶ、むか.う", "m": "vis-a-vis; opposite; even; equal; versus; anti-; compare", "pm": "vis-a-vis", "r": [{"c": "文", "nj": "ぶん", "ne": "literature"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "sentence; plaid; kilt; Billy Connolly; glue", "hk": "vis-à-vis", "hs": "Plaid . . . glue.", "ks": "When sitting <b>vis-a-vis</b> , <i>Scots</i> will <i>glue</i> their <i>kilt</i> down to avoid embaressment.", "v": [{"w": "絶対", "rd": "ぜったい", "mn": "absolutely; definitely; unconditionally", "fr": 230}, {"w": "絶対に", "rd": "ぜったいに", "mn": "absolutely; definitely; unconditionally", "fr": 925}, {"w": "対する", "rd": "たいする", "mn": "to face (each other); to be facing", "fr": 1071}, {"w": "反対", "rd": "はんたい", "mn": "opposition; resistance; antagonism; hostility; objection; dissent", "fr": 1385}, {"w": "対応", "rd": "たいおう", "mn": "correspondence (to); equivalence", "fr": 1748}, {"w": "対象", "rd": "たいしょう", "mn": "target; object (of worship, study, etc.); subject (of taxation, etc.); coverage", "fr": 2432}, {"w": "対策", "rd": "たいさく", "mn": "measure; step; countermeasure; counterplan; countermove; strategy; preparation (", "fr": 2761}, {"w": "対", "rd": "たい", "mn": "versus; against; vs.; v.", "fr": 2947}, {"w": "対処", "rd": "たいしょ", "mn": "dealing with; coping with", "fr": 3432}, {"w": "対抗", "rd": "たいこう", "mn": "opposition; rivalry; competition; antagonism", "fr": 3642}, {"w": "初対面", "rd": "しょたいめん", "mn": "first meeting; first interview with", "fr": 4254}, {"w": "対決", "rd": "たいけつ", "mn": "confrontation; showdown", "fr": 4906}, {"w": "反対側", "rd": "はんたいがわ", "mn": "opposite side; opposition", "fr": 5498}, {"w": "に対して", "rd": "にたいして", "mn": "towards; against; regarding; in contrast with", "fr": 5602}, {"w": "対面", "rd": "たいめん", "mn": "meeting face-to-face; seeing in person", "fr": 6013}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 90, "rp": 26, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "部", "g": 3, "o": 244, "f": 36, "j": null, "on": "ブ", "kun": "-べ", "m": "section; bureau; dept; class; copy; part; portion; counter for copies of a newspaper or magazine", "pm": "section", "r": [{"c": "咅", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "to spit out"}, {"c": "邑", "nj": "おおざと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "muzzle; vase; stand up; mouth; city walls", "hk": "section", "hs": "Muzzle . . . city walls.", "ks": "Within the <i>city walls</i> , this <b>section</b> of town was so noisy that we had to <i>muzzle</i> them up.", "v": [{"w": "全部", "rd": "ぜんぶ", "mn": "all; entire; whole; altogether", "fr": 228}, {"w": "部屋", "rd": "へや", "mn": "room; chamber", "fr": 279}, {"w": "部", "rd": "ぶ", "mn": "department (in an organization, company, etc.); division; bureau; faculty", "fr": 1208}, {"w": "部分", "rd": "ぶぶん", "mn": "portion; section; part", "fr": 1239}, {"w": "一部", "rd": "いちぶ", "mn": "one part; one portion; one section", "fr": 1242}, {"w": "部下", "rd": "ぶか", "mn": "subordinate person", "fr": 2545}, {"w": "内部", "rd": "ないぶ", "mn": "interior; inside; internal", "fr": 3222}, {"w": "部長", "rd": "ぶちょう", "mn": "head (chief, director) of a section or department", "fr": 3655}, {"w": "部活", "rd": "ぶかつ", "mn": "club activities; extracurricular activities", "fr": 3989}, {"w": "部隊", "rd": "ぶたい", "mn": "force; unit; corps; squad; troops; party", "fr": 4473}, {"w": "外部", "rd": "がいぶ", "mn": "outside (e.g. of a building); exterior", "fr": 4621}, {"w": "本部", "rd": "ほんぶ", "mn": "headquarters; head office; main office", "fr": 4716}, {"w": "倶楽部", "rd": "クラブ", "mn": "club; fraternity; sorority; clubhouse", "fr": 5573}, {"w": "幹部", "rd": "かんぶ", "mn": "management; (executive) staff; leaders; leadership; top brass; upper echelons", "fr": 6504}, {"w": "頭部", "rd": "とうぶ", "mn": "head", "fr": 6857}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 99, "rp": 37, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "者", "g": 3, "o": 245, "f": 38, "j": null, "on": "シャ", "kun": "もの", "m": "someone; person", "pm": "someone", "r": [{"c": "耂", "nj": "おいかんむり", "ne": "old"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "puppet; sooty; old man; sun; day", "hk": "someone", "hs": "<i>Old man</i> . . . <i>sun</i>. This key word looks to be difficult because of its proximity to <i>somebody</i>. In fact, it is a very common kanji that will cause you no difficulty at all. Its meaning should be seen as the human referent for the abstract noun  \"something.\"", "ks": "An old man is someone who has seen many days.", "v": [{"w": "者", "rd": "もの", "mn": "person", "fr": 303}, {"w": "何者", "rd": "なにもの", "mn": "who; what kind of person", "fr": 1666}, {"w": "医者", "rd": "いしゃ", "mn": "doctor; physician", "fr": 2227}, {"w": "被害者", "rd": "ひがいしゃ", "mn": "victim; injured party; sufferer", "fr": 2571}, {"w": "若者", "rd": "わかもの", "mn": "young person; youngster; young people; (the) youth", "fr": 2703}, {"w": "関係者", "rd": "かんけいしゃ", "mn": "person concerned; people involved (in an event); those concerned; staff", "fr": 3005}, {"w": "患者", "rd": "かんじゃ", "mn": "patient", "fr": 4171}, {"w": "犯罪者", "rd": "はんざいしゃ", "mn": "criminal; culprit", "fr": 4517}, {"w": "裏切り者", "rd": "うらぎりもの", "mn": "betrayer; traitor; turncoat; informer", "fr": 5079}, {"w": "保護者", "rd": "ほごしゃ", "mn": "guardian; protector; patron; parent", "fr": 5500}, {"w": "業者", "rd": "ぎょうしゃ", "mn": "trader; dealer; businessperson; company; vendor; supplier; manufacturer; maker; ", "fr": 5530}, {"w": "死者", "rd": "ししゃ", "mn": "dead person; (the) deceased; (the) dead; casualties", "fr": 5547}, {"w": "第三者", "rd": "だいさんしゃ", "mn": "third party; third person; outsider; disinterested person", "fr": 5879}, {"w": "役者", "rd": "やくしゃ", "mn": "actor; actress", "fr": 6162}, {"w": "読者", "rd": "どくしゃ", "mn": "reader", "fr": 6197}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 210, "rp": 22, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "業", "g": 3, "o": 246, "f": 43, "j": null, "on": "ギョウ、ゴウ", "kun": "わざ", "m": "business; vocation; arts; performance", "pm": "business", "r": [{"c": "业", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "business; upside down in a row; not yet; tree; wood", "hk": "profession", "hs": "In a row upside down . . . not yet.", "ks": "A truly gruesome <b>profession</b> : an abattoir worker. Where the carcasses are <i>upside down in a row</i> that have <i>not yet</i> been cut up into sausages and steaks.", "v": [{"w": "作業", "rd": "さぎょう", "mn": "work; operation; task", "fr": 1677}, {"w": "卒業", "rd": "そつぎょう", "mn": "graduation; completion (of a course)", "fr": 1744}, {"w": "授業", "rd": "じゅぎょう", "mn": "lesson; class; teaching; instruction; classwork; schoolwork", "fr": 1819}, {"w": "仕業", "rd": "しわざ", "mn": "deed (esp. negative); act; action; one's doing; one's work", "fr": 2883}, {"w": "営業", "rd": "えいぎょう", "mn": "business; trade; operations", "fr": 3807}, {"w": "職業", "rd": "しょくぎょう", "mn": "occupation; profession; job; vocation; trade; calling; business", "fr": 4176}, {"w": "企業", "rd": "きぎょう", "mn": "enterprise; business; company; corporation", "fr": 4615}, {"w": "業者", "rd": "ぎょうしゃ", "mn": "trader; dealer; businessperson; company; vendor; supplier; manufacturer; maker; ", "fr": 5530}, {"w": "業務", "rd": "ぎょうむ", "mn": "business; work; operations; service; duties", "fr": 5660}, {"w": "業界", "rd": "ぎょうかい", "mn": "business world; business circles; (the) industry", "fr": 6111}, {"w": "授業中", "rd": "じゅぎょうちゅう", "mn": "while in class", "fr": 6149}, {"w": "事業", "rd": "じぎょう", "mn": "business; enterprise; venture; (commercial) activity; (business) operation; indu", "fr": 6229}, {"w": "従業員", "rd": "じゅうぎょういん", "mn": "employee; worker", "fr": 6579}, {"w": "業", "rd": "ぎょう", "mn": "work; business; company; agency", "fr": 8290}, {"w": "残業", "rd": "ざんぎょう", "mn": "overtime (work)", "fr": 9206}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 101, "rp": 62, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "相", "g": 3, "o": 247, "f": 45, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、ショウ", "kun": "あい-", "m": "inter-; mutual; together; each other; minister of state; councillor; aspect; phase; physiognomy", "pm": "inter-", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}], "hc": "tree; wood; eye", "hk": "inter-", "hs": "The prefix <b>inter-</b> stirs up associations of cooperation among people. From there we read off the elements: <i>tree</i> . . . <i>eye</i>. With only a slight leap of the imagination, those two words call to mind the scriptural proverb about first taking the block of timber out of one's own <i>eye</i> before helping your neighbors with the splinter in theirs. What more useful rule for <b>inter-</b> human relationships, and what more useful tool for remembering this kanji!", "ks": "The prime minister is having <b>inter-</b> course behind that <i>tree</i>! All you can see are his <i>eyes</i> poking out from the righthand-side of the <i>tree</i>.", "v": [{"w": "相手", "rd": "あいて", "mn": "companion; partner; company", "fr": 225}, {"w": "相談", "rd": "そうだん", "mn": "consultation; discussion; discussing; asking (someone) for advice", "fr": 726}, {"w": "相変わらず", "rd": "あいかわらず", "mn": "as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still", "fr": 808}, {"w": "相当", "rd": "そうとう", "mn": "corresponding to (in meaning, function, etc.); being equivalent to", "fr": 1136}, {"w": "相性", "rd": "あいしょう", "mn": "affinity; compatibility; chemistry (between people)", "fr": 4122}, {"w": "真相", "rd": "しんそう", "mn": "truth; real situation", "fr": 4232}, {"w": "相棒", "rd": "あいぼう", "mn": "partner; pal; accomplice", "fr": 5119}, {"w": "相応しい", "rd": "ふさわしい", "mn": "appropriate; adequate; suitable; fitting; worthy", "fr": 6660}, {"w": "相応", "rd": "そうおう", "mn": "suitable; appropriate; befitting; becoming; adequate; reasonable; proper", "fr": 8224}, {"w": "相場", "rd": "そうば", "mn": "market price", "fr": 10236}, {"w": "相まって", "rd": "あいまって", "mn": "coupled with; together", "fr": 11312}, {"w": "結婚相手", "rd": "けっこんあいて", "mn": "marriage partner; spouse", "fr": 13922}, {"w": "相", "rd": "しょう", "mn": "minister (of a government department)", "fr": 15872}, {"w": "相違", "rd": "そうい", "mn": "difference; discrepancy; variation", "fr": 16740}, {"w": "相殺", "rd": "そうさい", "mn": "offset; offsetting each other; cancelling each other out; counterbalancing", "fr": 16803}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 633, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "定", "g": 3, "o": 248, "f": 48, "j": null, "on": "テイ、ジョウ", "kun": "さだ.める、さだ.まる、さだ.か", "m": "determine; fix; establish; decide", "pm": "determine", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "疋", "nj": "ひき", "ne": "bolt of cloth"}], "hc": "house; mend", "hk": "determine", "hs": "<b>Determination</b> , in the sense of settling on a certain course of action, is likened here to <i>mending</i> one's <i>house</i>.", "ks": "In The Karate Kid, the boy must prove his determination by MENDING his teacher's HOUSE in various ways.", "v": [{"w": "予定", "rd": "よてい", "mn": "plans; arrangement; schedule; program; programme; expectation; estimate", "fr": 825}, {"w": "否定", "rd": "ひてい", "mn": "denial; negation; repudiation; disavowal", "fr": 1452}, {"w": "決定", "rd": "けってい", "mn": "decision; determination", "fr": 1840}, {"w": "設定", "rd": "せってい", "mn": "establishment; creation; posing (a problem); setting (movie, novel, etc.); scene", "fr": 2448}, {"w": "特定", "rd": "とくてい", "mn": "specific; particular; designated; special", "fr": 2908}, {"w": "安定", "rd": "あんてい", "mn": "stability; steadiness; consistency; equilibrium; balance; composure", "fr": 3069}, {"w": "指定", "rd": "してい", "mn": "designation; specification; assignment; appointment; pointing at", "fr": 3528}, {"w": "想定", "rd": "そうてい", "mn": "hypothesis; supposition; assumption; expectation; anticipation", "fr": 3672}, {"w": "限定", "rd": "げんてい", "mn": "limit; restriction", "fr": 3744}, {"w": "確定", "rd": "かくてい", "mn": "decision; settlement; confirmation; establishment", "fr": 3832}, {"w": "固定", "rd": "こてい", "mn": "fixing (in place); being fixed (in place); securing; anchoring; fastening down", "fr": 4272}, {"w": "不安定", "rd": "ふあんてい", "mn": "instability; insecurity; crankiness", "fr": 4284}, {"w": "定める", "rd": "さだめる", "mn": "to decide; to determine", "fr": 4438}, {"w": "一定", "rd": "いってい", "mn": "to fix; to settle; to standardize; to regularize", "fr": 4474}, {"w": "決定的", "rd": "けっていてき", "mn": "definite; final; decisive; conclusive", "fr": 4627}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 240, "rp": 12, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "員", "g": 3, "o": 249, "f": 54, "j": null, "on": "イン", "kun": "", "m": "employee; member; number; the one in charge", "pm": "employee", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "mouth; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "employee", "hs": "How do we get a <i>mouth</i> over a <i>shellfish</i> to mean an <b>employee</b>? Simple. Just remember the advice new <b>employees</b> get about keeping their <i>mouths</i> shut and doing their job, and then make that more graphic by picturing an office building full of white collar workers scurrying around with <i>clams</i> pinched to their <i>mouths</i>.", "ks": "An employee is basically a shellfish with a mouth.", "v": [{"w": "全員", "rd": "ぜんいん", "mn": "all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew", "fr": 583}, {"w": "店員", "rd": "てんいん", "mn": "employee (of a store); shop assistant; clerk; salesperson", "fr": 2929}, {"w": "一員", "rd": "いちいん", "mn": "one person; one member", "fr": 4157}, {"w": "員", "rd": "いん", "mn": "member", "fr": 4853}, {"w": "社員", "rd": "しゃいん", "mn": "company employee", "fr": 4856}, {"w": "職員", "rd": "しょくいん", "mn": "staff member; employee; worker; personnel", "fr": 5273}, {"w": "従業員", "rd": "じゅうぎょういん", "mn": "employee; worker", "fr": 6579}, {"w": "部員", "rd": "ぶいん", "mn": "staff; member (club, society, etc.)", "fr": 7032}, {"w": "委員", "rd": "いいん", "mn": "committee member", "fr": 8534}, {"w": "委員長", "rd": "いいんちょう", "mn": "chairperson (of a committee); chair; chairman; chairwoman; president", "fr": 8897}, {"w": "委員会", "rd": "いいんかい", "mn": "committee; commission; board; panel; committee meeting", "fr": 8931}, {"w": "人員", "rd": "じんいん", "mn": "number of persons; personnel", "fr": 9020}, {"w": "役員", "rd": "やくいん", "mn": "director; executive", "fr": 10544}, {"w": "隊員", "rd": "たいいん", "mn": "troops; group members; team members; SDF officials", "fr": 11491}, {"w": "会員", "rd": "かいいん", "mn": "member; the membership", "fr": 12260}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 977, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "開", "g": 3, "o": 250, "f": 59, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "ひら.く、ひら.き、-びら.き、ひら.ける、あ.く、あ.ける", "m": "open; unfold; unseal", "pm": "open", "r": [{"c": "門", "nj": "もんがまえ", "ne": "gate"}, {"c": "开", "nj": "", "ne": "open"}], "hc": "gates; two hands", "hk": "open", "hs": "Gates . . . two hands.", "ks": "To open the gate , use your both hands.", "v": [{"w": "開ける", "rd": "あける", "mn": "to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to unlock", "fr": 422}, {"w": "開く", "rd": "あく", "mn": "to open (e.g. doors)", "fr": 673}, {"w": "開始", "rd": "かいし", "mn": "start; commencement; beginning; initiation", "fr": 1423}, {"w": "展開", "rd": "てんかい", "mn": "development; evolution; progression; unfolding; (plot) twist", "fr": 1674}, {"w": "開発", "rd": "かいはつ", "mn": "development; cultivation; application", "fr": 2623}, {"w": "再開", "rd": "さいかい", "mn": "reopening; resumption; restarting", "fr": 2762}, {"w": "開催", "rd": "かいさい", "mn": "holding (a conference, exhibition, etc.); opening; hosting (e.g. the Olympics)", "fr": 4007}, {"w": "公開", "rd": "こうかい", "mn": "opening to the public; making available to the public; exhibiting; unveiling; re", "fr": 4985}, {"w": "開閉", "rd": "かいへい", "mn": "opening and shutting; opening and closing", "fr": 6745}, {"w": "開き直る", "rd": "ひらきなおる", "mn": "to become defiant; to fight back; to turn upon; to take the offensive", "fr": 6902}, {"w": "開放", "rd": "かいほう", "mn": "opening (a door, window, etc.); leaving open", "fr": 7250}, {"w": "開店", "rd": "かいてん", "mn": "opening a new shop", "fr": 9574}, {"w": "開拓", "rd": "かいたく", "mn": "reclamation (e.g. of wasteland); cultivation; development", "fr": 13149}, {"w": "開幕", "rd": "かいまく", "mn": "raising the curtain", "fr": 14066}, {"w": "開花", "rd": "かいか", "mn": "flowering; blooming; blossoming; coming into bloom", "fr": 14474}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 236, "rp": 16, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "問", "g": 3, "o": 251, "f": 64, "j": null, "on": "モン", "kun": "と.う、と.い、とん", "m": "question; ask; problem", "pm": "question", "r": [{"c": "門", "nj": "もんがまえ", "ne": "gate"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "gates; mouth", "hk": "question", "hs": "Gates . . . mouth.", "ks": "The mouth is the gate from which question s are asked.", "v": [{"w": "問題", "rd": "もんだい", "mn": "question (e.g. on a test); problem", "fr": 324}, {"w": "質問", "rd": "しつもん", "mn": "question; inquiry; enquiry", "fr": 1041}, {"w": "問題ない", "rd": "もんだいない", "mn": "no problem; all right; not an issue; unobjectionable", "fr": 1691}, {"w": "疑問", "rd": "ぎもん", "mn": "doubt; question; suspicion; dubiousness", "fr": 2187}, {"w": "問う", "rd": "とう", "mn": "to ask; to inquire", "fr": 2446}, {"w": "問い", "rd": "とい", "mn": "question; query", "fr": 4561}, {"w": "拷問", "rd": "ごうもん", "mn": "torture", "fr": 5922}, {"w": "訪問", "rd": "ほうもん", "mn": "call; visit", "fr": 7374}, {"w": "質問をする", "rd": "しつもんをする", "mn": "to ask a question; to ask questions", "fr": 7659}, {"w": "尋問", "rd": "じんもん", "mn": "questioning; interrogation; examination (of a witness)", "fr": 8517}, {"w": "顧問", "rd": "こもん", "mn": "adviser; advisor; consultant; counselor", "fr": 9828}, {"w": "問答", "rd": "もんどう", "mn": "questions and answers; dialogue", "fr": 12239}, {"w": "学問", "rd": "がくもん", "mn": "study; scholarship; learning; education; knowledge", "fr": 12354}, {"w": "問", "rd": "もん", "mn": "counter for questions", "fr": 13565}, {"w": "問い合わせる", "rd": "といあわせる", "mn": "to enquire; to inquire; to seek information", "fr": 13964}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 149, "rp": 42, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "代", "g": 3, "o": 252, "f": 66, "j": null, "on": "ダイ、タイ", "kun": "か.わる、かわ.る、かわ.り、か.わり、-がわ.り、-が.わり、か.える、よ、しろ", "m": "substitute; change; convert; replace; period; age; counter for decades of ages, eras, etc.; generation; charge; rate; fee", "pm": "substitute", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "弋", "nj": "いぐるみ", "ne": "javelin"}], "hc": "person; arrow", "hk": "substitute", "hs": "Person . . . arrow.", "ks": "Mr. T shot the substitute teacher with an arrow.", "v": [{"w": "時代", "rd": "じだい", "mn": "period; epoch; era; age", "fr": 757}, {"w": "代わり", "rd": "かわり", "mn": "substitute; replacement; substituting; replacing", "fr": 804}, {"w": "代わる", "rd": "かわる", "mn": "to succeed; to relieve; to replace", "fr": 1612}, {"w": "代表", "rd": "だいひょう", "mn": "representation; representative; delegate; delegation", "fr": 2360}, {"w": "交代", "rd": "こうたい", "mn": "change; alternation; rotation; replacement; substitution; shift; relief; taking ", "fr": 3814}, {"w": "現代", "rd": "げんだい", "mn": "present age; present day; today", "fr": 4470}, {"w": "世代", "rd": "せだい", "mn": "generation", "fr": 4795}, {"w": "代償", "rd": "だいしょう", "mn": "compensation; reparation; indemnification", "fr": 5636}, {"w": "代理", "rd": "だいり", "mn": "representation; agency; proxy", "fr": 6641}, {"w": "代々", "rd": "だいだい", "mn": "for generations; from generation to generation; generation after generation; thr", "fr": 7011}, {"w": "学生時代", "rd": "がくせいじだい", "mn": "student days", "fr": 7675}, {"w": "古代", "rd": "こだい", "mn": "ancient times; distant past; antiquity", "fr": 7971}, {"w": "先代", "rd": "せんだい", "mn": "previous generation (of a family); previous head of the family; one's (late) fat", "fr": 8128}, {"w": "代金", "rd": "だいきん", "mn": "price; cost; charge; payment; bill; fee", "fr": 8333}, {"w": "年代", "rd": "ねんだい", "mn": "age; era; period; date", "fr": 8521}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 205, "rp": 21, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "実", "g": 3, "o": 253, "f": 68, "j": null, "on": "ジツ、シツ", "kun": "み、みの.る、まこと、みの、みち.る", "m": "reality; truth; seed; fruit; nut", "pm": "reality", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}], "hc": "house; bonsai", "hk": "reality", "hs": "House . . . bonsai.", "ks": "Bonsais are grown in a house, away from the harsh <b>reality</b> of the real world where they wouldn't survive.", "v": [{"w": "実は", "rd": "じつは", "mn": "as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly; a", "fr": 364}, {"w": "事実", "rd": "じじつ", "mn": "fact; truth; reality", "fr": 899}, {"w": "実", "rd": "じつ", "mn": "truth; reality", "fr": 901}, {"w": "実際", "rd": "じっさい", "mn": "reality; actuality; truth; fact; actual conditions", "fr": 983}, {"w": "現実", "rd": "げんじつ", "mn": "reality; actuality; hard fact", "fr": 1031}, {"w": "確実", "rd": "かくじつ", "mn": "certain; sure; definite; reliable; sound; solid; safe; secure", "fr": 1306}, {"w": "真実", "rd": "しんじつ", "mn": "truth; reality", "fr": 1546}, {"w": "実家", "rd": "じっか", "mn": "(one's parents') home", "fr": 1979}, {"w": "実力", "rd": "じつりょく", "mn": "(real) ability; true strength; merit; efficiency; competency", "fr": 2299}, {"w": "実に", "rd": "じつに", "mn": "really; truly; indeed; very; extremely; terribly", "fr": 2581}, {"w": "実感", "rd": "じっかん", "mn": "real feeling; actual feeling", "fr": 2849}, {"w": "実行", "rd": "じっこう", "mn": "execution (e.g. of a plan); carrying out; (putting into) practice; action; imple", "fr": 3191}, {"w": "実験", "rd": "じっけん", "mn": "experiment; experimentation", "fr": 3228}, {"w": "実現", "rd": "じつげん", "mn": "implementation (e.g. of a system); materialization; materialisation; realization", "fr": 3253}, {"w": "充実", "rd": "じゅうじつ", "mn": "fullness; completeness; perfection; substantiality", "fr": 4567}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 79, "rp": 28, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "決", "g": 3, "o": 254, "f": 71, "j": null, "on": "ケツ", "kun": "き.める、-ぎ.め、き.まる、さ.く", "m": "decide; fix; agree upon; appoint", "pm": "decide", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "夬", "nj": "カイ", "ne": "decide"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; guillotine; key; St. Bernard", "hk": "decide", "hs": "The etymology of <b>decide</b> (de-cidere = cut off) will help here, the elements are: <i>water</i> . . . <i>guillotine</i>.", "ks": "\" <b>Decide</b>!\" \" <b>Decide</b>?! Death by drowning in polluted <i>water</i> or death by <i>guillotine</i>. How can I <b>decide</b>?\" I asked.", "v": [{"w": "決める", "rd": "きめる", "mn": "to decide; to choose; to determine; to make up one's mind; to resolve; to set on", "fr": 292}, {"w": "決まる", "rd": "きまる", "mn": "to be decided; to be settled; to be fixed; to be arranged", "fr": 332}, {"w": "決して", "rd": "けっして", "mn": "(not) ever; (not) by any means; (not) in the least; (not) in any way; (not) at a", "fr": 883}, {"w": "解決", "rd": "かいけつ", "mn": "settlement; solution; resolution", "fr": 1247}, {"w": "決定", "rd": "けってい", "mn": "decision; determination", "fr": 1840}, {"w": "決まり", "rd": "きまり", "mn": "rule; regulation", "fr": 2438}, {"w": "決意", "rd": "けつい", "mn": "decision; determination; resolution", "fr": 2455}, {"w": "決断", "rd": "けつだん", "mn": "decision; determination", "fr": 3109}, {"w": "決まって", "rd": "きまって", "mn": "always; without fail; invariably; usually; regularly", "fr": 3121}, {"w": "決心", "rd": "けっしん", "mn": "determination; resolution", "fr": 4127}, {"w": "決着", "rd": "けっちゃく", "mn": "conclusion; decision; end; settlement", "fr": 4593}, {"w": "決定的", "rd": "けっていてき", "mn": "definite; final; decisive; conclusive", "fr": 4627}, {"w": "対決", "rd": "たいけつ", "mn": "confrontation; showdown", "fr": 4906}, {"w": "決戦", "rd": "けっせん", "mn": "decisive battle; deciding match; play-off", "fr": 6998}, {"w": "決する", "rd": "けっする", "mn": "to decide; to determine; to resolve; to be decided", "fr": 11233}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 590, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "動", "g": 3, "o": 255, "f": 73, "j": null, "on": "ドウ", "kun": "うご.く、うご.かす", "m": "move; motion; change; confusion; shift; shake", "pm": "move", "r": [{"c": "重", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "heavy"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "heavy; thousand; ri; computer; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "move", "hs": "Heavy . . . muscle.", "ks": "Heavy things can be move d with a bit of muscle.", "v": [{"w": "動く", "rd": "うごく", "mn": "to move; to stir; to shift; to shake; to swing", "fr": 267}, {"w": "行動", "rd": "こうどう", "mn": "action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation", "fr": 831}, {"w": "動き", "rd": "うごき", "mn": "movement; move; motion", "fr": 836}, {"w": "動かす", "rd": "うごかす", "mn": "to move; to shift; to stir; to budge; to change position", "fr": 989}, {"w": "移動", "rd": "いどう", "mn": "movement; transfer; migration; removal; travel", "fr": 1210}, {"w": "活動", "rd": "かつどう", "mn": "activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action; operation", "fr": 1789}, {"w": "感動", "rd": "かんどう", "mn": "being deeply moved emotionally; excitement; passion; inspiration; deep emotion; ", "fr": 1791}, {"w": "動物", "rd": "どうぶつ", "mn": "animal", "fr": 2163}, {"w": "動揺", "rd": "どうよう", "mn": "shaking; trembling; pitching; rolling; oscillation", "fr": 2391}, {"w": "運動", "rd": "うんどう", "mn": "exercise; physical training; workout; sports; athletics", "fr": 2523}, {"w": "動き出す", "rd": "うごきだす", "mn": "to start to move; to get going; to come alive", "fr": 3099}, {"w": "動画", "rd": "どうが", "mn": "video (esp. digital); video clip; clip", "fr": 3880}, {"w": "鼓動", "rd": "こどう", "mn": "beat; palpitation; pulsation; throbbing", "fr": 4293}, {"w": "動機", "rd": "どうき", "mn": "motive; incentive", "fr": 4367}, {"w": "発動", "rd": "はつどう", "mn": "putting into operation", "fr": 4371}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 168, "rp": 30, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "全", "g": 3, "o": 256, "f": 75, "j": null, "on": "ゼン", "kun": "まった.く、すべ.て", "m": "whole; entire; all; complete; fulfill", "pm": "whole", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}], "hc": "umbrella; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "whole", "hs": "<b>Wholeness</b> suggests physical and spiritual health,  \"having your act together.\" The kanji-image for <b>wholeness</b> depicts being  \" <i>king</i> under your own <i>umbrella</i> ,\" that is, giving order to your own life. I know it sounds terribly abstract, but what could be more abstract than the word <b>whole</b>?", "ks": "The king takes up the whole space under his umbrella.", "v": [{"w": "全部", "rd": "ぜんぶ", "mn": "all; entire; whole; altogether", "fr": 228}, {"w": "全然", "rd": "ぜんぜん", "mn": "(not) at all; (not) in the slightest", "fr": 321}, {"w": "全員", "rd": "ぜんいん", "mn": "all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew", "fr": 583}, {"w": "完全", "rd": "かんぜん", "mn": "perfect; complete", "fr": 601}, {"w": "全て", "rd": "すべて", "mn": "everything; all; the whole", "fr": 710}, {"w": "全く", "rd": "まったく", "mn": "really; truly; entirely; completely; wholly; perfectly", "fr": 1098}, {"w": "全", "rd": "ぜん", "mn": "all; whole; entire; complete; total; pan-", "fr": 1523}, {"w": "安全", "rd": "あんぜん", "mn": "safety; security", "fr": 1529}, {"w": "全力", "rd": "ぜんりょく", "mn": "all one's power (strength, energy, efforts); one's utmost", "fr": 1618}, {"w": "全身", "rd": "ぜんしん", "mn": "whole (body); full-length (e.g. portrait)", "fr": 1777}, {"w": "全体", "rd": "ぜんたい", "mn": "whole; entirety", "fr": 1827}, {"w": "全国", "rd": "ぜんこく", "mn": "the whole country", "fr": 3452}, {"w": "全滅", "rd": "ぜんめつ", "mn": "total destruction; complete destruction; annihilation; being wiped out", "fr": 4834}, {"w": "万全", "rd": "ばんぜん", "mn": "perfection; flawlessness", "fr": 5161}, {"w": "健全", "rd": "けんぜん", "mn": "healthy; sound; wholesome", "fr": 6955}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 623, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "表", "g": 3, "o": 257, "f": 77, "j": null, "on": "ヒョウ", "kun": "おもて、-おもて、あらわ.す、あらわ.れる、あら.わす", "m": "surface; table; chart; diagram", "pm": "surface", "r": [{"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}, {"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}], "hc": "grow up; scarf", "hk": "surface", "hs": "<i>Grow up</i> . . . <i>rags</i>. This character represents the  \"outside\" of a garment, just as the kanji for <i>back</i> (Frame 426) depicted the  \"inside\" or lining.", "ks": "When I was GROWING UP, the <b>SURFACE</b> of my SCARF was always covered with snot from blowing my nose on it.", "v": [{"w": "表情", "rd": "ひょうじょう", "mn": "facial expression; countenance", "fr": 1396}, {"w": "発表", "rd": "はっぴょう", "mn": "announcement; publication; presenting; statement; communique; making known; brea", "fr": 1907}, {"w": "表", "rd": "おもて", "mn": "surface", "fr": 2213}, {"w": "表現", "rd": "ひょうげん", "mn": "expression; representation; description", "fr": 2317}, {"w": "代表", "rd": "だいひょう", "mn": "representation; representative; delegate; delegation", "fr": 2360}, {"w": "表す", "rd": "あらわす", "mn": "to represent; to signify; to stand for", "fr": 3688}, {"w": "表示", "rd": "ひょうじ", "mn": "indication; expression; showing; manifestation; demonstration", "fr": 3700}, {"w": "表面", "rd": "ひょうめん", "mn": "surface; face", "fr": 4494}, {"w": "表紙", "rd": "ひょうし", "mn": "cover (of a book, magazine, etc.); binding", "fr": 5946}, {"w": "表向き", "rd": "おもてむき", "mn": "outward appearance; ostensible; public; official", "fr": 6737}, {"w": "公表", "rd": "こうひょう", "mn": "official announcement; proclamation", "fr": 7645}, {"w": "表明", "rd": "ひょうめい", "mn": "declaration; indication; representation; manifestation; demonstration; expressio", "fr": 10334}, {"w": "表れる", "rd": "あらわれる", "mn": "to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to come out; to embody; to mater", "fr": 10438}, {"w": "表れ", "rd": "あらわれ", "mn": "embodiment; manifestation; materialization; materialisation; expression; indicat", "fr": 13709}, {"w": "意思表示", "rd": "いしひょうじ", "mn": "expressing one's feelings; communicating one's intention", "fr": 15199}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 82, "rp": 38, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "調", "g": 3, "o": 258, "f": 87, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "しら.べる、しら.べ、ととの.う、ととの.える", "m": "tune; tone; meter; key (music); writing style; prepare; exorcise; investigate; harmonize; mediate", "pm": "tune", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "周", "nj": "シュウ", "ne": "circumference"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; circumference; running track; soil; dirt; ground; mouth", "hk": "tune", "hs": "A complete <b>tune</b> is composed not only of a succession of notes but also of one <i>lap</i> of the <i>words</i> that go with it.", "ks": "The words to this catchy tune run around the circumference of my head.", "v": [{"w": "調べる", "rd": "しらべる", "mn": "to examine; to look up; to investigate; to check up; to sense; to study; to inqu", "fr": 584}, {"w": "調子", "rd": "ちょうし", "mn": "tune; tone; key; pitch; time; rhythm", "fr": 994}, {"w": "調査", "rd": "ちょうさ", "mn": "investigation; examination; inquiry; enquiry; survey", "fr": 1983}, {"w": "順調", "rd": "じゅんちょう", "mn": "favourable; favorable; doing well; OK; all right", "fr": 2174}, {"w": "体調", "rd": "たいちょう", "mn": "physical condition; state of health; shape", "fr": 2374}, {"w": "調整", "rd": "ちょうせい", "mn": "adjustment; regulation; coordination; reconciliation; tuning; fixing; tailoring", "fr": 3216}, {"w": "調べ", "rd": "しらべ", "mn": "investigation; inspection; examination", "fr": 3280}, {"w": "口調", "rd": "くちょう", "mn": "tone (of voice); manner of talking", "fr": 3499}, {"w": "調達", "rd": "ちょうたつ", "mn": "supply; provision; raising; procurement", "fr": 6028}, {"w": "強調", "rd": "きょうちょう", "mn": "emphasis; stress; highlighting; underlining; underscoring", "fr": 6590}, {"w": "調理", "rd": "ちょうり", "mn": "cooking; food preparation", "fr": 7225}, {"w": "同調", "rd": "どうちょう", "mn": "conformity; alignment; agreement; sympathy; following suit", "fr": 8859}, {"w": "絶好調", "rd": "ぜっこうちょう", "mn": "in perfect form; going swimmingly", "fr": 9677}, {"w": "取り調べ", "rd": "とりしらべ", "mn": "investigation (e.g. by police or prosecutors); examination; inquiry; enquiry", "fr": 10182}, {"w": "不調", "rd": "ふちょう", "mn": "bad condition; poor condition; disorder; slump; being out of form", "fr": 11752}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 244, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "化", "g": 3, "o": 259, "f": 89, "j": null, "on": "カ、ケ", "kun": "ば.ける、ば.かす、ふ.ける、け.する", "m": "change; take the form of; influence; enchant; delude; -ization", "pm": "change", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "匕", "nj": "さじ", "ne": "spoon"}], "hc": "person; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "change", "hs": "Person . . . spoon.", "ks": "I just see this one as a pictograph of a person changing position and sitting down.", "v": [{"w": "変化", "rd": "へんか", "mn": "change; variation; alteration; mutation; transition; transformation", "fr": 1474}, {"w": "強化", "rd": "きょうか", "mn": "strengthening; intensifying; reinforcement; enhancement; solidification", "fr": 3903}, {"w": "化け物", "rd": "ばけもの", "mn": "goblin; apparition; monster; ghost; phantom; spectre; specter", "fr": 4089}, {"w": "文化", "rd": "ぶんか", "mn": "culture; civilization; civilisation", "fr": 4189}, {"w": "悪化", "rd": "あっか", "mn": "deterioration; getting worse; worsening; aggravation; degeneration; corruption", "fr": 4422}, {"w": "進化", "rd": "しんか", "mn": "evolution", "fr": 4570}, {"w": "化粧", "rd": "けしょう", "mn": "make-up; makeup; cosmetics", "fr": 5131}, {"w": "誤魔化す", "rd": "ごまかす", "mn": "to deceive; to cheat; to swindle", "fr": 5931}, {"w": "化ける", "rd": "ばける", "mn": "to take the form of (esp. in ref. to a spirit, fox, raccoon dog, etc.); to assum", "fr": 6177}, {"w": "消化", "rd": "しょうか", "mn": "digestion (of food)", "fr": 8363}, {"w": "お化け", "rd": "おばけ", "mn": "ghost; apparition", "fr": 8537}, {"w": "浄化", "rd": "じょうか", "mn": "purification", "fr": 9484}, {"w": "同化", "rd": "どうか", "mn": "assimilation; absorption", "fr": 14161}, {"w": "化学", "rd": "かがく", "mn": "chemistry", "fr": 14741}, {"w": "劣化", "rd": "れっか", "mn": "deterioration (in quality, performance, etc.); degradation; worsening", "fr": 17427}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 192, "rp": 16, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "主", "g": 3, "o": 260, "f": 95, "j": null, "on": "シュ、ス、シュウ", "kun": "ぬし、おも、あるじ", "m": "lord; chief; master; main thing; principal", "pm": "lord", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}], "hc": "drop; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "lord", "hs": "A man's home is his castle, goes the proverb from an age where it was the male who was <b>lord</b> of the household. Fundamentally, it means only that every one of us is a bit (or <i>drop</i> ) of a <i>king</i> in our own environment. As for the positioning of the elements, if you take care to  \"read off\" the primitives in this way, you won't end up putting the <i>drop</i> down below, where it turns the kanji into a jewel.", "ks": "A lord only has a drop of the king's power.", "v": [{"w": "主", "rd": "あるじ", "mn": "head (of a household); proprietor (of a store); proprietress; landlord; landlady", "fr": 2677}, {"w": "主人", "rd": "しゅじん", "mn": "head (of a household); proprietor (of a store); proprietress; landlord; landlady", "fr": 2685}, {"w": "持ち主", "rd": "もちぬし", "mn": "owner; proprietor; possessor (e.g. of talent, beauty, etc.)", "fr": 2799}, {"w": "主張", "rd": "しゅちょう", "mn": "claim; insistence; assertion; advocacy; emphasis; contention; opinion; tenet", "fr": 2968}, {"w": "主人公", "rd": "しゅじんこう", "mn": "protagonist; main character; hero; heroine", "fr": 3243}, {"w": "主に", "rd": "おもに", "mn": "mainly; primarily; mostly; largely; chiefly", "fr": 3728}, {"w": "主役", "rd": "しゅやく", "mn": "leading part; leading actor; leading actress", "fr": 3980}, {"w": "ご主人", "rd": "ごしゅじん", "mn": "your husband; her husband", "fr": 5309}, {"w": "主義", "rd": "しゅぎ", "mn": "doctrine; rule; principle; -ism", "fr": 5753}, {"w": "店主", "rd": "てんしゅ", "mn": "shopkeeper; storekeeper; proprietor of a shop", "fr": 7076}, {"w": "坊主", "rd": "ぼうず", "mn": "Buddhist priest; bonze", "fr": 7219}, {"w": "飼い主", "rd": "かいぬし", "mn": "(pet) owner; keeper", "fr": 8327}, {"w": "主婦", "rd": "しゅふ", "mn": "housewife; mistress (of the house); homemaker", "fr": 8916}, {"w": "主催", "rd": "しゅさい", "mn": "sponsorship (i.e. conducting under one's auspices); promotion; organizing; organ", "fr": 9800}, {"w": "救世主", "rd": "きゅうせいしゅ", "mn": "saviour; savior; messiah", "fr": 11614}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 129, "rp": 50, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "題", "g": 3, "o": 261, "f": 96, "j": null, "on": "ダイ", "kun": "", "m": "topic; subject", "pm": "topic", "r": [{"c": "是", "nj": "ゼ", "ne": "just so"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "just so; sun; day; mend; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "topic", "hs": "In many kinds of research, one can find information on a given <b>topic</b> only if the <i>headings</i> are prepared <i>just so</i>.", "ks": "The \"TOPIC\" of the day's newspaper must be placed JUST SO at the top of the PAGE to attract attention.", "v": [{"w": "問題", "rd": "もんだい", "mn": "question (e.g. on a test); problem", "fr": 324}, {"w": "問題ない", "rd": "もんだいない", "mn": "no problem; all right; not an issue; unobjectionable", "fr": 1691}, {"w": "話題", "rd": "わだい", "mn": "topic; subject", "fr": 2041}, {"w": "課題", "rd": "かだい", "mn": "subject; theme; issue; matter", "fr": 4172}, {"w": "宿題", "rd": "しゅくだい", "mn": "homework; assignment", "fr": 4278}, {"w": "放題", "rd": "ほうだい", "mn": "(doing) as one pleases; to one's heart's content; letting (something) go uncheck", "fr": 4530}, {"w": "本題", "rd": "ほんだい", "mn": "main topic; main subject; main issue; main question", "fr": 6144}, {"w": "議題", "rd": "ぎだい", "mn": "topic of discussion; agenda", "fr": 13638}, {"w": "題材", "rd": "だいざい", "mn": "subject; theme", "fr": 15935}, {"w": "問題点", "rd": "もんだいてん", "mn": "the problem (at issue); the point at issue; problematic issue; problem", "fr": 15996}, {"w": "難題", "rd": "なんだい", "mn": "difficult problem; challenge", "fr": 18345}, {"w": "別問題", "rd": "べつもんだい", "mn": "different thing; another question; different case", "fr": 20078}, {"w": "題名", "rd": "だいめい", "mn": "title; caption; heading", "fr": 23742}, {"w": "題する", "rd": "だいする", "mn": "to be titled (e.g. a book); to be named", "fr": 24671}, {"w": "主題", "rd": "しゅだい", "mn": "subject; theme; motif", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 170, "rp": 100, "l": 18, "n": ""}}, {"k": "意", "g": 3, "o": 262, "f": 99, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "", "m": "idea; mind; heart; taste; thought; desire; care; liking", "pm": "idea", "r": [{"c": "音", "nj": "おと", "ne": "sound"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "sound; vase; stand up; sun; day; heart", "hk": "idea", "hs": "Sound . . . heart.", "ks": "The best idea s are sound idea s that come right from the heart!", "v": [{"w": "意味", "rd": "いみ", "mn": "meaning; significance; sense", "fr": 278}, {"w": "用意", "rd": "ようい", "mn": "preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)", "fr": 532}, {"w": "意外", "rd": "いがい", "mn": "unexpected; surprising", "fr": 743}, {"w": "意識", "rd": "いしき", "mn": "consciousness", "fr": 896}, {"w": "得意", "rd": "とくい", "mn": "satisfaction; pride; triumph; elation", "fr": 1270}, {"w": "意見", "rd": "いけん", "mn": "opinion; view; comment", "fr": 1303}, {"w": "注意", "rd": "ちゅうい", "mn": "attention; notice; heed", "fr": 1421}, {"w": "意思", "rd": "いし", "mn": "intention; wish; purpose; mind (to do)", "fr": 2046}, {"w": "意志", "rd": "いし", "mn": "will; volition; intention; intent; determination", "fr": 2168}, {"w": "決意", "rd": "けつい", "mn": "decision; determination; resolution", "fr": 2455}, {"w": "生意気", "rd": "なまいき", "mn": "impertinent; saucy; cheeky; impudent; audacious; cocky; pert; brash", "fr": 2771}, {"w": "無意識", "rd": "むいしき", "mn": "unconsciousness", "fr": 3271}, {"w": "同意", "rd": "どうい", "mn": "agreement; consent; approval; assent", "fr": 3501}, {"w": "意図", "rd": "いと", "mn": "intention; aim; design", "fr": 3576}, {"w": "意地", "rd": "いじ", "mn": "stubbornness; obstinacy; willpower; pride", "fr": 3645}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 97, "rp": 42, "l": 5, "n": "意 息"}}, {"k": "度", "g": 3, "o": 263, "f": 110, "j": null, "on": "ド、ト、タク", "kun": "たび、-た.い", "m": "degrees; occurrence; time; counter for occurrences; consider; attitude", "pm": "degrees", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "廿", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "twenty"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "caverns; cave; twenty; crotch", "hk": "degrees", "hs": "This key word refers to a gradation of measurement, not to academic diplomas. Its primitives: <i>caverns</i> . . . <i>crotch</i>.", "ks": "The cave is twenty degrees cooler than the outdoors. Twenty male crotches experience shrinkage.", "v": [{"w": "今度", "rd": "こんど", "mn": "this time; now", "fr": 207}, {"w": "一度", "rd": "いちど", "mn": "once; one time; on one occasion", "fr": 236}, {"w": "何度", "rd": "なんど", "mn": "how many times", "fr": 591}, {"w": "程度", "rd": "ていど", "mn": "degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about; ap", "fr": 936}, {"w": "二度", "rd": "にど", "mn": "two times; twice", "fr": 1103}, {"w": "態度", "rd": "たいど", "mn": "attitude; manner; behaviour; demeanour; bearing", "fr": 1228}, {"w": "二度と", "rd": "にどと", "mn": "never again", "fr": 1838}, {"w": "度", "rd": "たび", "mn": "time (three times, each time, etc.); times", "fr": 2239}, {"w": "速度", "rd": "そくど", "mn": "speed; velocity; pace; rate", "fr": 3041}, {"w": "支度", "rd": "したく", "mn": "preparation; arrangements", "fr": 3332}, {"w": "角度", "rd": "かくど", "mn": "angle", "fr": 3765}, {"w": "度に", "rd": "たびに", "mn": "each time; every time; whenever (something happens); on the occasion of", "fr": 3884}, {"w": "温度", "rd": "おんど", "mn": "temperature", "fr": 4418}, {"w": "度胸", "rd": "どきょう", "mn": "courage; bravery; pluck; nerve; grit; guts", "fr": 4933}, {"w": "高度", "rd": "こうど", "mn": "altitude; height; elevation", "fr": 5027}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 224, "rp": 35, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "期", "g": 3, "o": 264, "f": 117, "j": null, "on": "キ、ゴ", "kun": "", "m": "period; time; date; term", "pm": "period", "r": [{"c": "其", "nj": "キ", "ne": "that"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "bushel basket; hamper; animal legs; eight; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "period", "hs": "<i>Bushel basket</i> . . . <i>month</i>. As the <i>month</i> indicates, this has to do with <b>periods</b> of time.", "ks": "The slowest remote chess game ever: a one <i>month</i> <b>period</b> between every move.", "v": [{"w": "期待", "rd": "きたい", "mn": "expectation; anticipation; hope", "fr": 711}, {"w": "時期", "rd": "じき", "mn": "time; season; period; phase; stage", "fr": 1397}, {"w": "期間", "rd": "きかん", "mn": "period; term; interval", "fr": 3472}, {"w": "最期", "rd": "さいご", "mn": "one's last moment; one's death; one's end", "fr": 4185}, {"w": "定期的", "rd": "ていきてき", "mn": "periodic; regular; routine", "fr": 6154}, {"w": "同期", "rd": "どうき", "mn": "same period; corresponding period", "fr": 7123}, {"w": "期限", "rd": "きげん", "mn": "term; period; time frame", "fr": 7368}, {"w": "初期", "rd": "しょき", "mn": "early days; early years; early stages; initial stages; beginning", "fr": 7572}, {"w": "次期", "rd": "じき", "mn": "next term; next period", "fr": 8685}, {"w": "短期間", "rd": "たんきかん", "mn": "short term; short time", "fr": 8787}, {"w": "思春期", "rd": "ししゅんき", "mn": "puberty; adolescence", "fr": 9058}, {"w": "学期", "rd": "がっき", "mn": "school term; semester", "fr": 9585}, {"w": "一時期", "rd": "いちじき", "mn": "a period (of time)", "fr": 10315}, {"w": "長期", "rd": "ちょうき", "mn": "long-term", "fr": 11817}, {"w": "定期", "rd": "ていき", "mn": "fixed period; fixed term", "fr": 12305}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 60, "rp": 36, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "持", "g": 3, "o": 265, "f": 119, "j": null, "on": "ジ", "kun": "も.つ、-も.ち、も.てる", "m": "hold; have", "pm": "hold", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "寺", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "Buddhist temple"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; Buddhist temple; soil; dirt; ground; glue", "hk": "hold", "hs": "Fingers . . . Buddhist temple.", "ks": "At a Buddhist temple people hold their fingers together in prayer.", "v": [{"w": "持つ", "rd": "もつ", "mn": "to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry", "fr": 115}, {"w": "気持ち", "rd": "きもち", "mn": "feeling; sensation; mood; state of mind", "fr": 216}, {"w": "持ってくる", "rd": "もってくる", "mn": "to bring (something); to take along; to fetch; to get", "fr": 699}, {"w": "気持ちいい", "rd": "きもちいい", "mn": "pleasant (of a sensation); comfortable; nice", "fr": 1685}, {"w": "持てる", "rd": "もてる", "mn": "to be able to possess (hold, get, etc.)", "fr": 1829}, {"w": "気持ち悪い", "rd": "きもちわるい", "mn": "unpleasant; revolting; repulsive; gross; disgusting; disturbing; creepy", "fr": 1906}, {"w": "持っていく", "rd": "もっていく", "mn": "to take (something) along; to bring with one; to carry (something) away; to bear", "fr": 2208}, {"w": "持ち主", "rd": "もちぬし", "mn": "owner; proprietor; possessor (e.g. of talent, beauty, etc.)", "fr": 2799}, {"w": "持ち込む", "rd": "もちこむ", "mn": "to bring in; to take in; to carry in", "fr": 2969}, {"w": "持ち出す", "rd": "もちだす", "mn": "to take out; to carry out; to bring out from where it belongs", "fr": 3308}, {"w": "持ち上げる", "rd": "もちあげる", "mn": "to elevate; to raise; to lift up", "fr": 3350}, {"w": "維持", "rd": "いじ", "mn": "maintenance; preservation; improvement", "fr": 3458}, {"w": "持ち帰る", "rd": "もちかえる", "mn": "to take home; to carry home; to bring back home; to take out (e.g. food)", "fr": 3920}, {"w": "金持ち", "rd": "かねもち", "mn": "rich person; wealthy person", "fr": 4711}, {"w": "持ち", "rd": "もち", "mn": "having; holding; possessing; owning; using; holder; owner; user", "fr": 5021}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 216, "rp": 25, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "取", "g": 3, "o": 266, "f": 122, "j": null, "on": "シュ", "kun": "と.る、と.り、と.り-、とり、-ど.り", "m": "take; fetch; take up", "pm": "take", "r": [{"c": "耳", "nj": "みみ", "ne": "ear"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "ear; crotch", "hk": "take", "hs": "Ear . . . crotch.", "ks": "You put your ear next to a womans crotch…and somehow, from it, you hear the words \"Take me….\".", "v": [{"w": "取る", "rd": "とる", "mn": "to take; to pick up; to grab; to catch; to hold", "fr": 232}, {"w": "取れる", "rd": "とれる", "mn": "to come off (of a button, handle, lid, etc.)", "fr": 733}, {"w": "受け取る", "rd": "うけとる", "mn": "to receive; to get; to accept", "fr": 950}, {"w": "取り戻す", "rd": "とりもどす", "mn": "to take back; to get back; to regain; to recover; to restore; to recoup", "fr": 1256}, {"w": "取り出す", "rd": "とりだす", "mn": "to take out; to produce; to pick out", "fr": 2600}, {"w": "引き取る", "rd": "ひきとる", "mn": "to take into one's possession; to receive; to accept; to collect; to claim", "fr": 2786}, {"w": "取り上げる", "rd": "とりあげる", "mn": "to pick up", "fr": 3599}, {"w": "取材", "rd": "しゅざい", "mn": "gathering material (for an article, novel, etc.); collecting information; coveri", "fr": 3712}, {"w": "取り返す", "rd": "とりかえす", "mn": "to get back; to regain; to recover; to make up (for); to catch up on", "fr": 4072}, {"w": "取り込む", "rd": "とりこむ", "mn": "to take in; to bring in; to adopt (e.g. behaviour); to introduce", "fr": 4305}, {"w": "やり取り", "rd": "やりとり", "mn": "giving and taking; exchange (of letters); arguing back and forth; (conversationa", "fr": 4323}, {"w": "取引", "rd": "とりひき", "mn": "transactions; dealings; business", "fr": 4504}, {"w": "足取り", "rd": "あしどり", "mn": "gait; walk; stride; pace; step; manner of walking", "fr": 4562}, {"w": "感じ取る", "rd": "かんじとる", "mn": "to perceive; to sense; to take in; to grasp; to feel", "fr": 5049}, {"w": "気取る", "rd": "きどる", "mn": "to be affected; to put on airs", "fr": 5449}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 514, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "都", "g": 3, "o": 267, "f": 123, "j": null, "on": "ト、ツ", "kun": "みやこ", "m": "metropolis; capital; all; everything", "pm": "metropolis", "r": [{"c": "者", "nj": "シャ", "ne": "someone"}, {"c": "邑", "nj": "おおざと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "someone; puppet; sooty; old man; sun; day; city walls", "hk": "metropolis", "hs": "Someone . . . city walls.", "ks": "In a huge metropolis , it's hard not to feel like just someone within the city walls.", "v": [{"w": "都合", "rd": "つごう", "mn": "circumstances; condition; convenience", "fr": 1945}, {"w": "都市", "rd": "とし", "mn": "town; city; municipal; urban", "fr": 5124}, {"w": "好都合", "rd": "こうつごう", "mn": "convenient; favorable; favourable; expedient; expedience", "fr": 6410}, {"w": "都会", "rd": "とかい", "mn": "city", "fr": 6465}, {"w": "都", "rd": "みやこ", "mn": "capital (esp. Kyoto, Japan's former capital); seat of government", "fr": 6803}, {"w": "京都", "rd": "きょうと", "mn": "Kyoto (city, prefecture)", "fr": 7771}, {"w": "都内", "rd": "とない", "mn": "within the (Tokyo) metropolitan area", "fr": 9600}, {"w": "不都合", "rd": "ふつごう", "mn": "inconvenient; inexpedient; unfavourable; troublesome; difficult", "fr": 10176}, {"w": "首都", "rd": "しゅと", "mn": "capital (city); metropolis", "fr": 12942}, {"w": "都度", "rd": "つど", "mn": "each (every) time; whenever", "fr": 13830}, {"w": "都心", "rd": "としん", "mn": "city centre (esp. of Tokyo); heart of a city; downtown area", "fr": 19978}, {"w": "大都市", "rd": "だいとし", "mn": "metropolis; large city", "fr": 23954}, {"w": "古都", "rd": "こと", "mn": "ancient city; former capital", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "州都", "rd": "しゅうと", "mn": "state capital; provincial capital; county town", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "東都", "rd": "とうと", "mn": "the Eastern Capital (now Tokyo); Yedo; Edo", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 89, "rp": 47, "l": 9, "n": ""}}, {"k": "和", "g": 3, "o": 268, "f": 124, "j": null, "on": "ワ、オ、カ", "kun": "やわ.らぐ、やわ.らげる、なご.む、なご.やか、あ.える", "m": "harmony; Japanese style; peace; soften; Japan", "pm": "harmony", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; mouth", "hk": "harmony", "hs": "Wheat . . . mouth.", "ks": "The first step to <b>harmony</b> is having enough <i>wheat</i> to feed every <i>mouth</i> in the world. Once we are all fed it is easier to get a long in <b>harmony</b>.", "v": [{"w": "平和", "rd": "へいわ", "mn": "peace; harmony", "fr": 1897}, {"w": "違和感", "rd": "いわかん", "mn": "uncomfortable feeling; feeling out of place; sense of discomfort", "fr": 2810}, {"w": "不和", "rd": "ふわ", "mn": "discord; trouble; dissension; disagreement; friction; conflict; feud; bad terms", "fr": 6186}, {"w": "昭和", "rd": "しょうわ", "mn": "Shōwa era (1926.12.25-1989.1.7)", "fr": 6875}, {"w": "和", "rd": "わ", "mn": "sum", "fr": 8143}, {"w": "和らぐ", "rd": "やわらぐ", "mn": "to soften; to calm down; to be eased; to be mitigated; to subside; to abate", "fr": 9640}, {"w": "日和", "rd": "ひより", "mn": "weather; climatic conditions", "fr": 9991}, {"w": "和らげる", "rd": "やわらげる", "mn": "to soften; to moderate; to relieve", "fr": 10278}, {"w": "和む", "rd": "なごむ", "mn": "to be softened; to calm down", "fr": 10743}, {"w": "和解", "rd": "わかい", "mn": "reconciliation; amicable settlement; accommodation; compromise; mediation; rappr", "fr": 11690}, {"w": "和やか", "rd": "なごやか", "mn": "mild; calm; gentle; quiet; congenial; amicable; amiable; friendly; genial; harmo", "fr": 13176}, {"w": "調和", "rd": "ちょうわ", "mn": "harmony; accord; reconciliation; agreement", "fr": 13211}, {"w": "和風", "rd": "わふう", "mn": "Japanese style", "fr": 15291}, {"w": "緩和", "rd": "かんわ", "mn": "relief; mitigation; alleviation; relaxation (of restrictions, tensions, etc.); e", "fr": 15686}, {"w": "和食", "rd": "わしょく", "mn": "Japanese food; Japanese dish; Japanese cuisine", "fr": 16712}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 425, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "平", "g": 3, "o": 269, "f": 128, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ、ビョウ、ヒョウ", "kun": "たい.ら、たい.らげる、ひら", "m": "even; flat; peace", "pm": "even", "r": [{"c": "干", "nj": "かん", "ne": "to dry"}], "hc": "water-lily; lily pad", "hk": "even", "hs": "This character is easiest remembered as a pictograph of a water lily floating on the surface of the water, which gives it its meaning of <b>even</b>. The fourth stroke represents the calm, smooth surface of a pond, and the final stroke the long stem of the plant reaching underwater.", "ks": "There's an <b>even</b> covering of <i>water lilies</i> on the pond at 金閣寺 （きんかくじ） the Golden Pavilion in Kyoto.", "v": [{"w": "平気", "rd": "へいき", "mn": "cool; calm; composed; unconcerned; nonchalant; unmoved; indifferent", "fr": 932}, {"w": "平和", "rd": "へいわ", "mn": "peace; harmony", "fr": 1897}, {"w": "平穏", "rd": "へいおん", "mn": "tranquil; calm; restful; peaceful; quiet", "fr": 5283}, {"w": "平凡", "rd": "へいぼん", "mn": "ordinary; common; commonplace; mediocre; unremarkable; undistinguished; uneventf", "fr": 5856}, {"w": "平等", "rd": "びょうどう", "mn": "equality; impartiality; evenness", "fr": 5861}, {"w": "平日", "rd": "へいじつ", "mn": "weekday; ordinary days (i.e. non-holiday)", "fr": 7335}, {"w": "不公平", "rd": "ふこうへい", "mn": "unfairness; injustice; partiality", "fr": 7499}, {"w": "公平", "rd": "こうへい", "mn": "fairness; impartiality; justice; objectivity", "fr": 7703}, {"w": "平均", "rd": "へいきん", "mn": "average; mean", "fr": 8038}, {"w": "平成", "rd": "へいせい", "mn": "Heisei era (1989.1.8-2019.4.30)", "fr": 10166}, {"w": "平静", "rd": "へいせい", "mn": "calm; peace; serenity; tranquility; tranquillity", "fr": 11452}, {"w": "平ら", "rd": "たいら", "mn": "flat; level; even; smooth", "fr": 15170}, {"w": "水平", "rd": "すいへい", "mn": "horizontal; level; even", "fr": 16096}, {"w": "平たい", "rd": "ひらたい", "mn": "flat; even; level", "fr": 16675}, {"w": "地平線", "rd": "ちへいせん", "mn": "horizon (related to land)", "fr": 18465}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 265, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "世", "g": 3, "o": 270, "f": 135, "j": null, "on": "セイ、セ、ソウ", "kun": "よ", "m": "generation; world; society; public", "pm": "generation", "r": [{"c": "廿", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "twenty"}], "hc": "ten; twenty", "hk": "generation", "hs": "We generally consider one <b>generation</b> as a period of thirty (or <i>ten</i> plus <i>ten</i> plus <i>ten</i> ) years. If you look at this kanji in its completed form - not in its stroke order - you will see three <i>tens</i>. When writing it, think of the lower horizontal lines as  \"addition\" lines written under numbers to add them up. Thus: <i>ten</i> \"plus\" <i>ten</i> \"plus\" <i>ten</i> = thirty. Actually, it's a lot easier doing it with a pencil than reading it in a book.", "ks": "3 tens = <b>generation</b>.", "v": [{"w": "世界", "rd": "せかい", "mn": "the world; society; the universe", "fr": 270}, {"w": "世の中", "rd": "よのなか", "mn": "society; the world; the times", "fr": 1202}, {"w": "お世話になる", "rd": "おせわになる", "mn": "to receive favor; to receive assistance; to receive help; to be looked after; to", "fr": 1299}, {"w": "世間", "rd": "せけん", "mn": "world; society; people; the public", "fr": 1967}, {"w": "世界中", "rd": "せかいじゅう", "mn": "around the world; throughout the world", "fr": 2524}, {"w": "世", "rd": "よ", "mn": "world; society; public", "fr": 2554}, {"w": "世話", "rd": "せわ", "mn": "care; looking after; help; assistance; aid", "fr": 2594}, {"w": "世代", "rd": "せだい", "mn": "generation", "fr": 4795}, {"w": "世界一", "rd": "せかいいち", "mn": "best in the world", "fr": 5157}, {"w": "出世", "rd": "しゅっせ", "mn": "success in life; getting ahead; successful career; promotion; climbing the corpo", "fr": 5345}, {"w": "あの世", "rd": "あのよ", "mn": "the other world; the next world; the world beyond; world after death", "fr": 7453}, {"w": "世紀", "rd": "せいき", "mn": "century", "fr": 8063}, {"w": "お世辞", "rd": "おせじ", "mn": "flattery; compliment", "fr": 8278}, {"w": "世界的", "rd": "せかいてき", "mn": "worldwide; global; international; universal", "fr": 9578}, {"w": "全世界", "rd": "ぜんせかい", "mn": "the whole world", "fr": 10129}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 177, "rp": 23, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "受", "g": 3, "o": 271, "f": 136, "j": null, "on": "ジュ", "kun": "う.ける、-う.け、う.かる", "m": "accept; undergo; answer (phone); take; get; catch; receive", "pm": "accept", "r": [{"c": "爫", "nj": "つめかんむり", "ne": "claw"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "birdhouse; birdcage; claw; vulture; crown; crotch", "hk": "accept", "hs": "Birdhouse . . . crotch.", "ks": "The bird house is the brothel (someone else said so) and of course everyone is welcome - thay <b>accept</b> any crotch.", "v": [{"w": "受ける", "rd": "うける", "mn": "to receive; to get", "fr": 307}, {"w": "受け取る", "rd": "うけとる", "mn": "to receive; to get; to accept", "fr": 950}, {"w": "受け入れる", "rd": "うけいれる", "mn": "to accept; to receive; to agree", "fr": 1172}, {"w": "引き受ける", "rd": "ひきうける", "mn": "to take on; to undertake; to accept; to take charge of; to assume responsibility", "fr": 1997}, {"w": "受け止める", "rd": "うけとめる", "mn": "to catch; to stop the blow", "fr": 2090}, {"w": "受け継ぐ", "rd": "うけつぐ", "mn": "to inherit; to succeed; to take over", "fr": 4033}, {"w": "受験", "rd": "じゅけん", "mn": "taking an examination (esp. for entrance to a school or university)", "fr": 5062}, {"w": "受付", "rd": "うけつけ", "mn": "reception (desk); information desk; receptionist; information clerk", "fr": 5462}, {"w": "待ち受ける", "rd": "まちうける", "mn": "to await; to wait for; to expect", "fr": 5964}, {"w": "受かる", "rd": "うかる", "mn": "to pass (examination)", "fr": 7935}, {"w": "受け付ける", "rd": "うけつける", "mn": "to accept; to receive (an application); to take up", "fr": 8710}, {"w": "受け取り", "rd": "うけとり", "mn": "receiving; receipt", "fr": 8831}, {"w": "見受ける", "rd": "みうける", "mn": "to catch sight of; to see; to suppose; to assume from appearances", "fr": 8973}, {"w": "受賞", "rd": "じゅしょう", "mn": "winning a prize; receiving an award; being awarded", "fr": 11487}, {"w": "受信", "rd": "じゅしん", "mn": "receiving (a message, letter, email, etc.); reception (radio, TV, etc.)", "fr": 11683}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 188, "rp": 22, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "区", "g": 3, "o": 272, "f": 137, "j": null, "on": "ク、オウ、コウ", "kun": "", "m": "ward; district", "pm": "ward", "r": [{"c": "匸", "nj": "かくしがまえ", "ne": "to conceal"}, {"c": "乂", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "mow"}], "hc": "box; sheaf", "hk": "ward", "hs": "The <b>ward</b> referred to here is a subdivision of a large city. Its elements: <i>box</i> . . . <i>sheaves</i>. When used as a primitive element, it may be helpful at times to break it up into these same composite elements.", "ks": "That's the homeless <b>ward</b> of the city. <i>Wolverine</i> lives in a <i>cardboard box</i> there.", "v": [{"w": "区別", "rd": "くべつ", "mn": "distinction; differentiation; discrimination; difference", "fr": 6404}, {"w": "地区", "rd": "ちく", "mn": "district; area; zone; quarter; section; region", "fr": 6598}, {"w": "区", "rd": "く", "mn": "ward; borough; city (in Tokyo)", "fr": 8236}, {"w": "区画", "rd": "くかく", "mn": "division; section; compartment; block; plot; lot; partition; boundary", "fr": 12027}, {"w": "区切る", "rd": "くぎる", "mn": "to divide; to separate; to partition; to demarcate; to delimit; to mark off", "fr": 12460}, {"w": "区切り", "rd": "くぎり", "mn": "pause (in speech, writing, etc.); punctuation", "fr": 12558}, {"w": "区域", "rd": "くいき", "mn": "area; zone; district; quarter; section; limits; boundary", "fr": 12940}, {"w": "区分", "rd": "くぶん", "mn": "division; section; demarcation; partition; segmentation; compartment; (traffic) ", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "区間", "rd": "くかん", "mn": "section (of track, etc.); segment; dimension", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "区内", "rd": "くない", "mn": "in a ward; within the ward", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "区役所", "rd": "くやくしょ", "mn": "ward office; council (regional)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "区民", "rd": "くみん", "mn": "ward residents", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "区立", "rd": "くりつ", "mn": "established by a ward; ward; municipal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "区議", "rd": "くぎ", "mn": "ward assemblyman", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "区長", "rd": "くちょう", "mn": "head of a ward; mayor of a ward; chief administrator of a ward", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 239, "rp": 17, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "県", "g": 3, "o": 273, "f": 140, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "か.ける", "m": "prefecture", "pm": "prefecture", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}, {"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}], "hc": "eye; fishhook; small; little", "hk": "prefecture", "hs": "Above, an <i>eye</i> and a <i>fishhook</i> , and below the primitive for <i>little</i>. Although apparently the simplest of these first six kanji, when you begin to work on its plot and story you will soon find out that the number of strokes and visual complexity of a kanji does not make it easier or harder to remember. It is the primitives you have to work that are the critical factor, as in this case where the meaning of the key word is so seemingly distant from the elements. Remember, you can always break larger elements down ( <i>eye of a needle</i> into <i>eye</i> and <i>fishhook</i> ) if you think it helps.", "ks": "Smaller administrative units, hooked together by a (Sauron's) central eye.", "v": [{"w": "県", "rd": "けん", "mn": "prefecture (of Japan); county (of China, Taiwan, Norway, etc.); department (of F", "fr": 11145}, {"w": "県庁", "rd": "けんちょう", "mn": "prefectural office", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "同県", "rd": "どうけん", "mn": "the same prefecture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "府県", "rd": "ふけん", "mn": "prefectures (of Japan, excl. Tokyo and Hokkaido)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "県下", "rd": "けんか", "mn": "in the prefecture; prefectural", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "県会", "rd": "けんかい", "mn": "prefectural assembly", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "県内", "rd": "けんない", "mn": "within the prefecture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "県営", "rd": "けんえい", "mn": "(under) prefectural management", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "県外", "rd": "けんがい", "mn": "outside the prefecture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "県民", "rd": "けんみん", "mn": "resident of a prefecture; citizen of a prefecture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "県知事", "rd": "けんちじ", "mn": "prefectural governor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "県立", "rd": "けんりつ", "mn": "prefectural; managed by a prefectural government", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "県警", "rd": "けんけい", "mn": "prefectural police", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "県議", "rd": "けんぎ", "mn": "prefectural assembly member", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "県道", "rd": "けんどう", "mn": "prefectural road", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 234, "rp": 21, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "進", "g": 3, "o": 274, "f": 142, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "すす.む、すす.める", "m": "advance; proceed; progress; promote", "pm": "advance", "r": [{"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "turkey; road", "hk": "advance", "hs": "Turkey . . . road.", "ks": "Why did the <i>turkey</i> cross the <i>road</i>? To <b>advance</b> to the other side, of course.", "v": [{"w": "進む", "rd": "すすむ", "mn": "to advance; to go forward", "fr": 625}, {"w": "進める", "rd": "すすめる", "mn": "to advance; to move forward; to put (a clock, watch) forward", "fr": 1029}, {"w": "進行", "rd": "しんこう", "mn": "moving forward (e.g. of a vehicle); onward movement", "fr": 3813}, {"w": "進化", "rd": "しんか", "mn": "evolution", "fr": 4570}, {"w": "進路", "rd": "しんろ", "mn": "route; course; path", "fr": 4879}, {"w": "進展", "rd": "しんてん", "mn": "progress; development", "fr": 5658}, {"w": "前進", "rd": "ぜんしん", "mn": "advance; moving forward; progress", "fr": 5842}, {"w": "進歩", "rd": "しんぽ", "mn": "progress; advance; improvement; development", "fr": 6775}, {"w": "進学", "rd": "しんがく", "mn": "advancing to the next stage of education; going on to (high school, college, etc", "fr": 7227}, {"w": "突進", "rd": "とっしん", "mn": "rush; dash; charge", "fr": 9012}, {"w": "進出", "rd": "しんしゅつ", "mn": "advance (into a new market, industry, etc.); expansion (into); launch (into); en", "fr": 10160}, {"w": "精進", "rd": "しょうじん", "mn": "concentration; diligence; devotion", "fr": 10730}, {"w": "発進", "rd": "はっしん", "mn": "departure (from a base); takeoff; launch", "fr": 11142}, {"w": "昇進", "rd": "しょうしん", "mn": "promotion; advancement; rising in rank", "fr": 14026}, {"w": "推進", "rd": "すいしん", "mn": "propulsion; drive", "fr": 17193}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 225, "rp": 23, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "安", "g": 3, "o": 275, "f": 144, "j": null, "on": "アン", "kun": "やす.い、やす.まる、やす、やす.らか", "m": "relax; cheap; low; quiet; rested; contented; peaceful", "pm": "relax", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}], "hc": "house; woman", "hk": "relax", "hs": "To be told that the place of the <i>woman</i> is in the <i>house</i> may not sit well with modern thought, but like all cultural habits the Chinese characters bear the birthmarks of their age. So indulge yourself in a Norman Rockwell image of <b>relaxing</b> after a hard day's work: the scruffy and weary <i>woman</i> of the <i>house</i> slouched asleep in the living room chair, her hair in curlers and a duster lying in her lap.", "ks": "Cheapest place for a woman to relax is in her own home.", "v": [{"w": "安心", "rd": "あんしん", "mn": "peace of mind; relief; (sense of) security; safety; assurance; confidence", "fr": 447}, {"w": "不安", "rd": "ふあん", "mn": "anxiety; uneasiness; worry; apprehension; fear; insecurity; suspense", "fr": 784}, {"w": "安全", "rd": "あんぜん", "mn": "safety; security", "fr": 1529}, {"w": "安い", "rd": "やすい", "mn": "cheap; inexpensive", "fr": 1598}, {"w": "安定", "rd": "あんてい", "mn": "stability; steadiness; consistency; equilibrium; balance; composure", "fr": 3069}, {"w": "不安定", "rd": "ふあんてい", "mn": "instability; insecurity; crankiness", "fr": 4284}, {"w": "安打", "rd": "あんだ", "mn": "safe hit", "fr": 5881}, {"w": "安らか", "rd": "やすらか", "mn": "peaceful; tranquil; calm; restful", "fr": 8058}, {"w": "安易", "rd": "あんい", "mn": "easy; simple", "fr": 8089}, {"w": "安心感", "rd": "あんしんかん", "mn": "sense of security", "fr": 8940}, {"w": "治安", "rd": "ちあん", "mn": "public order; public peace; public security; law and order", "fr": 9749}, {"w": "安らぐ", "rd": "やすらぐ", "mn": "to feel at ease", "fr": 10631}, {"w": "安泰", "rd": "あんたい", "mn": "security; stability; safety; peace", "fr": 10817}, {"w": "安らぎ", "rd": "やすらぎ", "mn": "peace (of mind); tranquility; tranquillity; serenity", "fr": 11383}, {"w": "安物", "rd": "やすもの", "mn": "cheap article; poor-quality article", "fr": 11485}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 571, "rp": 13, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "院", "g": 3, "o": 276, "f": 150, "j": null, "on": "イン", "kun": "", "m": "Inst.; institution; temple; mansion; school", "pm": "Inst.", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "完", "nj": "カン", "ne": "perfect"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; perfect; house; beginnings; two; human legs", "hk": "Inst.", "hs": "This key word, the abbreviation for <b>Institution</b> , represents the use of that word as a suffix affixed to certain buildings and organizations. Its primitive elements: <i>pinnacle</i> . . . <i>perfect</i>.", "ks": "The <b>Institution</b> of <i>The Pinnacle</i> is <i>perfect</i> in every way. It is the new House of God, his chosen city.", "v": [{"w": "病院", "rd": "びょういん", "mn": "hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary", "fr": 1106}, {"w": "入院", "rd": "にゅういん", "mn": "hospitalization; hospitalisation", "fr": 3213}, {"w": "退院", "rd": "たいいん", "mn": "leaving hospital; discharge from hospital", "fr": 5473}, {"w": "院長", "rd": "いんちょう", "mn": "director (of a hospital, institution, academy, etc.); superintendent; rector", "fr": 13629}, {"w": "学院", "rd": "がくいん", "mn": "institute; academy", "fr": 16373}, {"w": "孤児院", "rd": "こじいん", "mn": "orphanage", "fr": 22256}, {"w": "美容院", "rd": "びよういん", "mn": "beauty parlour; beauty parlor; beauty salon; hairdressing salon", "fr": 22604}, {"w": "参議院", "rd": "さんぎいん", "mn": "House of Councillors (upper house of the National Diet of Japan)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "大学院", "rd": "だいがくいん", "mn": "graduate school", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "寺院", "rd": "じいん", "mn": "Buddhist temple", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "衆議院", "rd": "しゅうぎいん", "mn": "House of Representatives (lower house of the National Diet of Japan)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "上院", "rd": "じょういん", "mn": "upper house; upper legislative chamber; senate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "下院", "rd": "かいん", "mn": "lower house; lower legislative chamber", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "両院", "rd": "りょういん", "mn": "both houses of parliament; both upper and lower house", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "二院", "rd": "にいん", "mn": "the two houses of legislature", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 82, "rp": 40, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "指", "g": 3, "o": 277, "f": 155, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "ゆび、さ.す、-さ.し", "m": "finger; point to; indicate; put into; play (chess); measure (ruler)", "pm": "finger", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "旨", "nj": "シ", "ne": "delicious"}], "hc": "fingers; delicious; spoon; sitting on the ground; sun; day", "hk": "finger", "hs": "Finger . . . delicious.", "ks": "<b>Finger</b> lickin' delicious.", "v": [{"w": "目指す", "rd": "めざす", "mn": "to aim at (for, to do, to become); to try for; to have an eye on", "fr": 988}, {"w": "指", "rd": "ゆび", "mn": "finger; toe; digit", "fr": 1048}, {"w": "指示", "rd": "しじ", "mn": "indication; denotation; designation", "fr": 1540}, {"w": "指導", "rd": "しどう", "mn": "guidance; leadership; instruction; direction; coaching", "fr": 3200}, {"w": "指定", "rd": "してい", "mn": "designation; specification; assignment; appointment; pointing at", "fr": 3528}, {"w": "指先", "rd": "ゆびさき", "mn": "fingertip; finger", "fr": 3603}, {"w": "指摘", "rd": "してき", "mn": "pointing out; identification", "fr": 3626}, {"w": "指す", "rd": "さす", "mn": "to point", "fr": 3869}, {"w": "指名", "rd": "しめい", "mn": "naming; nominating; designating", "fr": 4477}, {"w": "指輪", "rd": "ゆびわ", "mn": "(finger) ring", "fr": 4779}, {"w": "親指", "rd": "おやゆび", "mn": "thumb", "fr": 5945}, {"w": "指揮", "rd": "しき", "mn": "command; direction; supervision", "fr": 6407}, {"w": "人差し指", "rd": "ひとさしゆび", "mn": "index finger; forefinger; first (occ. second) finger", "fr": 6638}, {"w": "指差す", "rd": "ゆびさす", "mn": "to point at", "fr": 7570}, {"w": "指図", "rd": "さしず", "mn": "directions; instructions; orders; command", "fr": 8870}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 122, "rp": 19, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "界", "g": 3, "o": 278, "f": 158, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "", "m": "world; boundary", "pm": "world", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "介", "nj": "カイ", "ne": "jammed in"}], "hc": "rice field; brains; jammed in; umbrella; stick; cane", "hk": "world", "hs": "As the <b>world</b> gets <i>jammed</i> with more and more people, there is less and less space. Imagine yourself taking an air flight over a <b>world</b> so densely populated that every bit of it is sectioned off like a gigantic checkerboard (the <i>rice fields</i> ). If you look closely at the character, you should be able to see a kind of movement taking place as still more is being <b>jammed into</b> that already narrow space.", "ks": "One Japanese farmer I know is so small minded that he thinks the entire <b>world</b> is JAMMED IN the borders of his little RICE FIELD.", "v": [{"w": "世界", "rd": "せかい", "mn": "the world; society; the universe", "fr": 270}, {"w": "限界", "rd": "げんかい", "mn": "limit; bound", "fr": 1209}, {"w": "世界中", "rd": "せかいじゅう", "mn": "around the world; throughout the world", "fr": 2524}, {"w": "視界", "rd": "しかい", "mn": "field of vision; visibility; view; visual field; (one's) ken", "fr": 2803}, {"w": "世界一", "rd": "せかいいち", "mn": "best in the world", "fr": 5157}, {"w": "業界", "rd": "ぎょうかい", "mn": "business world; business circles; (the) industry", "fr": 6111}, {"w": "世界的", "rd": "せかいてき", "mn": "worldwide; global; international; universal", "fr": 9578}, {"w": "全世界", "rd": "ぜんせかい", "mn": "the whole world", "fr": 10129}, {"w": "境界", "rd": "きょうかい", "mn": "boundary; border; limit; bounds; frontier", "fr": 12043}, {"w": "世界観", "rd": "せかいかん", "mn": "worldview; outlook on the world; Weltanschauung", "fr": 13839}, {"w": "外界", "rd": "がいかい", "mn": "outside world; physical world", "fr": 15620}, {"w": "界隈", "rd": "かいわい", "mn": "neighborhood; neighbourhood; vicinity", "fr": 16349}, {"w": "世界各地", "rd": "せかいかくち", "mn": "every part of the world; all over the world; the four corners of the world", "fr": 20473}, {"w": "新世界", "rd": "しんせかい", "mn": "New World (esp. the Americas, but also Australasia)", "fr": 24427}, {"w": "下界", "rd": "げかい", "mn": "the earth below; the ground below", "fr": 24553}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 198, "rp": 25, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "第", "g": 3, "o": 279, "f": 160, "j": null, "on": "ダイ、テイ", "kun": "", "m": "No.; residence", "pm": "No.", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "弔", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "condolences"}, {"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}], "hc": "no.; bamboo; dollar; bow; stick", "hk": "No.", "hs": "The key word <b>No.</b> is the abbreviation for  \"number.\" Its elements: <i>bamboo</i> . . . <i>dollar sign</i>.", "ks": "Bamboo bling is the newest Asian Rapper, No. 1 on the charts right now.", "v": [{"w": "第一", "rd": "だいいち", "mn": "first; foremost; number one", "fr": 1352}, {"w": "次第", "rd": "しだい", "mn": "depending on", "fr": 1644}, {"w": "第二", "rd": "だいに", "mn": "second", "fr": 2990}, {"w": "第", "rd": "だい", "mn": "prefix for forming ordinal numbers", "fr": 3952}, {"w": "第三者", "rd": "だいさんしゃ", "mn": "third party; third person; outsider; disinterested person", "fr": 5879}, {"w": "次第に", "rd": "しだいに", "mn": "gradually; by degrees; little by little; bit by bit", "fr": 6547}, {"w": "第一歩", "rd": "だいいっぽ", "mn": "first step", "fr": 8707}, {"w": "手当たり次第", "rd": "てあたりしだい", "mn": "using anything one can lay one's hands on; haphazardly; on the rebound; at rando", "fr": 14883}, {"w": "第一声", "rd": "だいいっせい", "mn": "first words said (e.g. when meeting someone); first thing out of one's mouth", "fr": 17214}, {"w": "落第", "rd": "らくだい", "mn": "failure (in an examination); failing to advance (to the next year)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "第一人者", "rd": "だいいちにんしゃ", "mn": "leading person; foremost figure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "第一線", "rd": "だいいっせん", "mn": "the front (of a battlefield); forefront", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "第一義", "rd": "だいいちぎ", "mn": "primary significance; primary importance; first principle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "第三国", "rd": "だいさんごく", "mn": "a third country", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "第二次世界大戦", "rd": "だいにじせかいたいせん", "mn": "Second World War (1939-1945); World War II; WWII; WW2", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 90, "rp": 14, "l": 2, "n": "次第 兄弟"}}, {"k": "予", "g": 3, "o": 280, "f": 180, "j": null, "on": "ヨ、シャ", "kun": "あらかじ.め", "m": "beforehand; previous; myself; I", "pm": "beforehand", "r": [{"c": "マ", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "了", "nj": "リョウ", "ne": "complete"}], "hc": "halberd with stroke missing", "hk": "beforehand", "hs": "Think of this character as identical to the <i>halberd</i> (Frame 1311) except that the final stroke has been omitted. Return to that character and devise some image to take this difference into account.", "ks": "<b>Beforehand</b> , this was a <i>halberd</i> but I cut it short so it could <b>be for hand</b> to hand combat.", "v": [{"w": "予定", "rd": "よてい", "mn": "plans; arrangement; schedule; program; programme; expectation; estimate", "fr": 825}, {"w": "予想", "rd": "よそう", "mn": "expectation; anticipation; prediction; forecast; conjecture", "fr": 1761}, {"w": "予感", "rd": "よかん", "mn": "presentiment; premonition; hunch", "fr": 1892}, {"w": "予約", "rd": "よやく", "mn": "reservation; appointment; booking; advance order", "fr": 3475}, {"w": "予想外", "rd": "よそうがい", "mn": "unexpected; unforeseen; strange", "fr": 3842}, {"w": "予測", "rd": "よそく", "mn": "prediction; estimation", "fr": 3930}, {"w": "予算", "rd": "よさん", "mn": "estimate (of costs); budget", "fr": 4981}, {"w": "予備", "rd": "よび", "mn": "reserve; spare", "fr": 6090}, {"w": "予想以上", "rd": "よそういじょう", "mn": "more than expected", "fr": 6713}, {"w": "予告", "rd": "よこく", "mn": "(advance) notice; preliminary announcement; warning", "fr": 7286}, {"w": "猶予", "rd": "ゆうよ", "mn": "postponement; deferment; extension (of time)", "fr": 7637}, {"w": "予言", "rd": "よげん", "mn": "prediction; prophecy; prognostication; foretelling; forecast", "fr": 8745}, {"w": "予習", "rd": "よしゅう", "mn": "preparation for a lesson", "fr": 12451}, {"w": "天気予報", "rd": "てんきよほう", "mn": "weather forecast; weather report", "fr": 14109}, {"w": "予選", "rd": "よせん", "mn": "preliminary contest; qualifying round; trial; heat", "fr": 14652}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 148, "rp": 18, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "向", "g": 3, "o": 281, "f": 182, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "む.く、む.い、-む.き、む.ける、-む.け、む.かう、む.かい、む.こう、む.こう-、むこ、むか.い", "m": "yonder; facing; beyond; confront; defy; tend toward; approach", "pm": "yonder", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "冂", "nj": "けいがまえ", "ne": "to enclose"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "alien; drop; helmet; hood; mouth", "hk": "yonder", "hs": "Something referred to as \"over <b>yonder</b> \" is usually far off in the distance and barely within sight - like a wee <i>drop</i> in the distance - and is usually an expression used in giving directions or pointing something out. Hence this kanji begins with a <i>drop</i>. Then we find a sort of transparent <i>helmet</i> with no eyes or nose, but only a prominent <i>mouth</i> under it, obviously an extraterrestrial. And what is it jabbering on about with its <i>mouth</i> open like that? Why, about his spaceship way over <b>yonder</b> with its fuel tank on empty.", "ks": "Look over <b>yonder</b> ! That tiny <i>dot</i> is robin <i>hood</i> at the <i>mouth</i> of his secret cave !", "v": [{"w": "向かう", "rd": "むかう", "mn": "to face", "fr": 398}, {"w": "向こう", "rd": "むこう", "mn": "opposite side; other side", "fr": 545}, {"w": "向ける", "rd": "むける", "mn": "to turn (towards); to face; to point; to aim; to direct to", "fr": 892}, {"w": "方向", "rd": "ほうこう", "mn": "direction; orientation; bearing; way", "fr": 1420}, {"w": "向く", "rd": "むく", "mn": "to turn toward; to look (up, down, etc.)", "fr": 2953}, {"w": "振り向く", "rd": "ふりむく", "mn": "to turn one's face; to turn around; to look over one's shoulder", "fr": 3027}, {"w": "前向き", "rd": "まえむき", "mn": "front-facing", "fr": 3995}, {"w": "向け", "rd": "むけ", "mn": "intended for ...; oriented towards ...; aimed at ...", "fr": 4329}, {"w": "向き", "rd": "むき", "mn": "direction; orientation; aspect; exposure", "fr": 4450}, {"w": "向こう側", "rd": "むこうがわ", "mn": "other side; opposite side; other party", "fr": 5035}, {"w": "傾向", "rd": "けいこう", "mn": "tendency; trend; inclination", "fr": 5398}, {"w": "出向く", "rd": "でむく", "mn": "to go to; to proceed to; to leave for", "fr": 6331}, {"w": "表向き", "rd": "おもてむき", "mn": "outward appearance; ostensible; public; official", "fr": 6737}, {"w": "に向けて", "rd": "にむけて", "mn": "towards (a destination); for the purpose of; with the goal of; targeting (a grou", "fr": 6905}, {"w": "向かい", "rd": "むかい", "mn": "facing; opposite; across the street; other side", "fr": 7166}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 75, "rp": 31, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "勝", "g": 3, "o": 282, "f": 185, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "か.つ、-が.ち、まさ.る、すぐ.れる、かつ", "m": "victory; win; prevail; excel", "pm": "victory", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "劵", "nj": "ケン", "ne": "become fatigued"}], "hc": "edam; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; quarter; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "victory", "hs": "Moon . . . quarter . . . muscle.", "ks": "After your <b>VICTORY</b> cut your enemy's FLESH into QUARTERs to show your POWER.", "v": [{"w": "勝つ", "rd": "かつ", "mn": "to win; to gain victory", "fr": 538}, {"w": "勝手", "rd": "かって", "mn": "one's own convenience; one's way; selfishness", "fr": 761}, {"w": "勝負", "rd": "しょうぶ", "mn": "victory or defeat", "fr": 990}, {"w": "勝ち", "rd": "かち", "mn": "win; victory", "fr": 1922}, {"w": "勝利", "rd": "しょうり", "mn": "victory; triumph; win; conquest; success", "fr": 2118}, {"w": "勝る", "rd": "まさる", "mn": "to excel; to surpass; to exceed; to have an edge; to be superior; to outrival", "fr": 3770}, {"w": "優勝", "rd": "ゆうしょう", "mn": "overall victory; championship; winning the title", "fr": 4110}, {"w": "勝者", "rd": "しょうしゃ", "mn": "winner; victor", "fr": 6672}, {"w": "勝敗", "rd": "しょうはい", "mn": "victory or defeat; outcome (of a game, battle, etc.)", "fr": 8157}, {"w": "勝ち負け", "rd": "かちまけ", "mn": "victory or defeat; victory and defeat", "fr": 11997}, {"w": "殊勝", "rd": "しゅしょう", "mn": "admirable; laudable", "fr": 12561}, {"w": "決勝", "rd": "けっしょう", "mn": "decision of a contest; finals (in sports)", "fr": 13843}, {"w": "圧勝", "rd": "あっしょう", "mn": "overwhelming victory; crushing victory; sweeping victory; landslide victory", "fr": 15653}, {"w": "決勝戦", "rd": "けっしょうせん", "mn": "championship game; finals (of a tournament); deciding round", "fr": 18682}, {"w": "連勝", "rd": "れんしょう", "mn": "consecutive victories; series of victories; winning streak", "fr": 21673}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 69, "rp": 28, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "面", "g": 3, "o": 283, "f": 186, "j": null, "on": "メン、ベン", "kun": "おも、おもて、つら", "m": "mask; face; features; surface", "pm": "mask", "r": [{"c": "面", "nj": "めん", "ne": "face"}], "hc": "hundred; one; ceiling; drop; pent in; eye", "hk": "mask", "hs": "Imagine a <b>mask</b> over your head with <i>eyes</i> peeping out from all over the head, a <i>hundred</i> in all (the element for <i>eye</i> displacing the fifth stroke of that for <i>hundred</i> ).", "ks": "When Jim Carrey puts on <b>The </b>Mask<b></b> , he can make it seem like he has <i>100 eyes</i> popping out of his head.", "v": [{"w": "面白い", "rd": "おもしろい", "mn": "interesting; fascinating; intriguing; enthralling", "fr": 525}, {"w": "面倒", "rd": "めんどう", "mn": "trouble; bother", "fr": 1019}, {"w": "真面目", "rd": "まじめ", "mn": "serious; earnest; sober; grave", "fr": 1194}, {"w": "面", "rd": "おもて", "mn": "face", "fr": 1661}, {"w": "地面", "rd": "じめん", "mn": "ground; earth's surface", "fr": 2199}, {"w": "正面", "rd": "しょうめん", "mn": "front; frontage; facade; main", "fr": 2375}, {"w": "画面", "rd": "がめん", "mn": "screen (of a TV, computer, etc.)", "fr": 3567}, {"w": "面倒くさい", "rd": "めんどくさい", "mn": "bothersome; tiresome; bother to do", "fr": 3671}, {"w": "一面", "rd": "いちめん", "mn": "one face; one surface", "fr": 3741}, {"w": "場面", "rd": "ばめん", "mn": "scene; setting; place (where something happens); scenario; case", "fr": 3795}, {"w": "初対面", "rd": "しょたいめん", "mn": "first meeting; first interview with", "fr": 4254}, {"w": "表面", "rd": "ひょうめん", "mn": "surface; face", "fr": 4494}, {"w": "方面", "rd": "ほうめん", "mn": "direction; district; area", "fr": 4656}, {"w": "顔面", "rd": "がんめん", "mn": "face (of person)", "fr": 5331}, {"w": "仮面", "rd": "かめん", "mn": "mask", "fr": 5349}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 289, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "委", "g": 3, "o": 284, "f": 187, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "ゆだ.ねる", "m": "committee; entrust to; leave to; devote; discard", "pm": "committee", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; woman", "hk": "committee", "hs": "Wheat . . . woman.", "ks": "Female WHEAT farmers decide to create a <b>COMMITTEE</b> , which they fittingly name “The WHEAT WOMEN <b>COMMITTEE</b>.”.", "v": [{"w": "委ねる", "rd": "ゆだねる", "mn": "to entrust (a matter) to; to leave to", "fr": 6898}, {"w": "委員", "rd": "いいん", "mn": "committee member", "fr": 8534}, {"w": "委員長", "rd": "いいんちょう", "mn": "chairperson (of a committee); chair; chairman; chairwoman; president", "fr": 8897}, {"w": "委員会", "rd": "いいんかい", "mn": "committee; commission; board; panel; committee meeting", "fr": 8931}, {"w": "委託", "rd": "いたく", "mn": "entrusting (something to a person); consignment (of goods); putting in someone's", "fr": 24910}, {"w": "公安委員会", "rd": "こうあんいいんかい", "mn": "public safety commission", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "執行委員", "rd": "しっこういいん", "mn": "executive committee", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "委任", "rd": "いにん", "mn": "entrusting; charge; delegation; authorization", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "委嘱", "rd": "いしょく", "mn": "commissioning; entrusting (with); request; appointment (to a position)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "常任委員会", "rd": "じょうにんいいんかい", "mn": "standing committee", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "教育委員会", "rd": "きょういくいいんかい", "mn": "Board of Education", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "議院運営委員会", "rd": "ぎいんうんえいいいんかい", "mn": "Committee on Rules and Administration (Diet); House Steering Committee; Standing", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 19, "rp": 25, "l": 4, "n": "委ねる 案内 季節"}}, {"k": "反", "g": 3, "o": 285, "f": 191, "j": null, "on": "ハン、ホン、タン、ホ", "kun": "そ.る、そ.らす、かえ.す、かえ.る、-かえ.る", "m": "anti-", "pm": "anti-", "r": [{"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "demonstation; cliff; crotch", "hk": "anti-", "hs": "Cliff . . . crotch.", "ks": "Many cultures are so anti- sex you'd think they just want people to throw their crotches over a cliff.", "v": [{"w": "反応", "rd": "はんのう", "mn": "reaction; response", "fr": 940}, {"w": "反対", "rd": "はんたい", "mn": "opposition; resistance; antagonism; hostility; objection; dissent", "fr": 1385}, {"w": "反省", "rd": "はんせい", "mn": "reflection; reconsideration; introspection; meditation; contemplation", "fr": 2048}, {"w": "反撃", "rd": "はんげき", "mn": "counterattack; counteroffensive; counterblow", "fr": 4090}, {"w": "反論", "rd": "はんろん", "mn": "objection; refutation; rebuttal; counterargument", "fr": 4326}, {"w": "反する", "rd": "はんする", "mn": "to be contrary (to); to go against; to run counter (to); to contradict; to be op", "fr": 4591}, {"w": "違反", "rd": "いはん", "mn": "violation; offense; offence; breach; transgression; infringement; contravention", "fr": 4894}, {"w": "反射", "rd": "はんしゃ", "mn": "reflection; reverberation", "fr": 5429}, {"w": "反対側", "rd": "はんたいがわ", "mn": "opposite side; opposition", "fr": 5498}, {"w": "反動", "rd": "はんどう", "mn": "reaction; recoil; kick; backlash", "fr": 6239}, {"w": "反則", "rd": "はんそく", "mn": "foul; breaking the rules", "fr": 6271}, {"w": "反発", "rd": "はんぱつ", "mn": "opposition; rebellion; revolt; resistance; backlash; refusal", "fr": 6457}, {"w": "正反対", "rd": "せいはんたい", "mn": "exactly the opposite (of); completely opposite; quite contrary", "fr": 6666}, {"w": "反射的", "rd": "はんしゃてき", "mn": "reflexive; reflecting", "fr": 8016}, {"w": "反響", "rd": "はんきょう", "mn": "echo; reverberation", "fr": 8084}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 72, "rp": 35, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "重", "g": 3, "o": 286, "f": 193, "j": null, "on": "ジュウ、チョウ", "kun": "え、おも.い、おも.り、おも.なう、かさ.ねる、かさ.なる、おも", "m": "heavy; important; esteem; respect; heap up; pile up; nest of boxes; -fold", "pm": "heavy", "r": [{"c": "千", "nj": "セン", "ne": "thousand"}, {"c": "里", "nj": "さと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "thousand; computer; rice field; brains; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "heavy", "hs": "<i>Thousand</i> . . . <i>ri</i>. Note how the long vertical stroke doubles up to serve both elements.", "ks": "The first computer in the world was as <b>heavy</b> as thousand computers are now.", "v": [{"w": "重い", "rd": "おもい", "mn": "heavy; weighty", "fr": 861}, {"w": "重要", "rd": "じゅうよう", "mn": "important; essential; significant; major; key; principal", "fr": 1295}, {"w": "重ねる", "rd": "かさねる", "mn": "to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to put on top of another", "fr": 1747}, {"w": "慎重", "rd": "しんちょう", "mn": "careful; cautious; prudent; discreet; deliberate", "fr": 2149}, {"w": "貴重", "rd": "きちょう", "mn": "precious; valuable", "fr": 2296}, {"w": "重なる", "rd": "かさなる", "mn": "to be piled up; to lie on top of one another", "fr": 2852}, {"w": "重大", "rd": "じゅうだい", "mn": "serious; important; significant; grave; weighty", "fr": 3168}, {"w": "重さ", "rd": "おもさ", "mn": "weight", "fr": 3829}, {"w": "体重", "rd": "たいじゅう", "mn": "(body) weight", "fr": 4041}, {"w": "重み", "rd": "おもみ", "mn": "weight", "fr": 5348}, {"w": "尊重", "rd": "そんちょう", "mn": "respect; esteem; regard", "fr": 5453}, {"w": "重たい", "rd": "おもたい", "mn": "heavy; weighty", "fr": 5606}, {"w": "厳重", "rd": "げんじゅう", "mn": "strict; severe; stringent; rigorous; rigid; firm; strong; secure", "fr": 6158}, {"w": "重力", "rd": "じゅうりょく", "mn": "gravity; gravitation; gravitational pull", "fr": 6708}, {"w": "重視", "rd": "じゅうし", "mn": "regarding as important; attaching importance to; taking a serious view of; putti", "fr": 7022}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 196, "rp": 18, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "集", "g": 3, "o": 287, "f": 210, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "あつ.まる、あつ.める、つど.う", "m": "gather; meet; congregate; swarm; flock", "pm": "gather", "r": [{"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "turkey; tree; wood", "hk": "gather", "hs": "<i>Turkeys</i> . . . atop a <i>tree</i>.", "ks": "A GATHER of turkeys up a tree, K-I-S-S-I-N-G.", "v": [{"w": "集まる", "rd": "あつまる", "mn": "to gather; to collect; to assemble", "fr": 691}, {"w": "集める", "rd": "あつめる", "mn": "to collect; to assemble; to gather", "fr": 805}, {"w": "集中", "rd": "しゅうちゅう", "mn": "concentration (on a task); focusing one's attention", "fr": 1213}, {"w": "集団", "rd": "しゅうだん", "mn": "group; mass", "fr": 3054}, {"w": "集合", "rd": "しゅうごう", "mn": "meeting up; gathering; assembly", "fr": 3400}, {"w": "編集", "rd": "へんしゅう", "mn": "editing; compilation", "fr": 4624}, {"w": "集まり", "rd": "あつまり", "mn": "gathering; meeting; assembly; collection; attendance", "fr": 5104}, {"w": "募集", "rd": "ぼしゅう", "mn": "recruitment; invitation; selection; advertisement; taking applications", "fr": 5434}, {"w": "集中力", "rd": "しゅうちゅうりょく", "mn": "(powers of) concentration; ability to concentrate", "fr": 6507}, {"w": "集う", "rd": "つどう", "mn": "to meet; to assemble; to congregate", "fr": 7283}, {"w": "集", "rd": "しゅう", "mn": "collection; compilation", "fr": 8446}, {"w": "収集", "rd": "しゅうしゅう", "mn": "collecting; accumulating; gathering", "fr": 9326}, {"w": "特集", "rd": "とくしゅう", "mn": "feature (e.g. newspaper); special edition; report", "fr": 9503}, {"w": "招集", "rd": "しょうしゅう", "mn": "call; summons; convening; convocation", "fr": 12624}, {"w": "集る", "rd": "たかる", "mn": "to gather; to crowd round; to swarm; to flock", "fr": 13633}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 217, "rp": 20, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "物", "g": 3, "o": 288, "f": 215, "j": null, "on": "ブツ、モツ", "kun": "もの、もの-", "m": "thing; object; matter", "pm": "thing", "r": [{"c": "牛", "nj": "うし", "ne": "cow"}, {"c": "勿", "nj": "モチ", "ne": "not"}], "hc": "cow; knot; piglet’s tail", "hk": "thing", "hs": "Cow . . . knot.", "ks": "The <i>cow</i> 's \" <b>thing</b> \" is tied in a <i>knot</i>! ouch.", "v": [{"w": "物", "rd": "もの", "mn": "thing; object; article; stuff; substance", "fr": 571}, {"w": "本物", "rd": "ほんもの", "mn": "genuine article; real thing; real deal", "fr": 878}, {"w": "荷物", "rd": "にもつ", "mn": "luggage; baggage; package", "fr": 1187}, {"w": "人物", "rd": "じんぶつ", "mn": "person; character; figure; personage; man; woman", "fr": 1404}, {"w": "買い物", "rd": "かいもの", "mn": "shopping; purchased goods", "fr": 1742}, {"w": "物語", "rd": "ものがたり", "mn": "story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend", "fr": 1841}, {"w": "建物", "rd": "たてもの", "mn": "building", "fr": 2052}, {"w": "食べ物", "rd": "たべもの", "mn": "food", "fr": 2071}, {"w": "生き物", "rd": "いきもの", "mn": "living thing; living creature; animal; life", "fr": 2152}, {"w": "動物", "rd": "どうぶつ", "mn": "animal", "fr": 2163}, {"w": "飲み物", "rd": "のみもの", "mn": "drink; beverage", "fr": 2900}, {"w": "生物", "rd": "せいぶつ", "mn": "living thing; organism; creature; life", "fr": 3778}, {"w": "獲物", "rd": "えもの", "mn": "prey; catch; kill; game", "fr": 3828}, {"w": "忘れ物", "rd": "わすれもの", "mn": "lost article; thing left behind", "fr": 3877}, {"w": "物音", "rd": "ものおと", "mn": "noise; sound", "fr": 3926}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 606, "rp": 16, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "使", "g": 3, "o": 289, "f": 219, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "つか.う、つか.い、-つか.い、-づか.い", "m": "use; send on a mission; order; messenger; envoy; ambassador; cause", "pm": "use", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "吏", "nj": "リ", "ne": "officer"}], "hc": "person; history; length; stick; mouth; tucked under the arm", "hk": "use", "hs": "Person . . . officer.", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> <b>uses</b> the <i>officer</i> as a punching bag.", "v": [{"w": "使う", "rd": "つかう", "mn": "to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use", "fr": 157}, {"w": "使用", "rd": "しよう", "mn": "use; application; employment; utilization; utilisation", "fr": 2078}, {"w": "使い方", "rd": "つかいかた", "mn": "way of using (something); way to use; how to use; usage; use", "fr": 2963}, {"w": "天使", "rd": "てんし", "mn": "angel", "fr": 3419}, {"w": "使命", "rd": "しめい", "mn": "mission; errand", "fr": 3868}, {"w": "使い", "rd": "つかい", "mn": "errand; mission; going on an errand", "fr": 4085}, {"w": "駆使", "rd": "くし", "mn": "using freely; making full use of; having a good command of", "fr": 8339}, {"w": "使い道", "rd": "つかいみち", "mn": "purpose; utility; objective", "fr": 9049}, {"w": "行使", "rd": "こうし", "mn": "use; exercise (of one's right, authority, power, etc.)", "fr": 9694}, {"w": "使者", "rd": "ししゃ", "mn": "messenger; envoy; emissary", "fr": 9853}, {"w": "お使い", "rd": "おつかい", "mn": "errand; mission; going on an errand", "fr": 10226}, {"w": "使用人", "rd": "しようにん", "mn": "employee; servant", "fr": 11177}, {"w": "使い捨て", "rd": "つかいすて", "mn": "throwaway; disposable; single-use", "fr": 15191}, {"w": "酷使", "rd": "こくし", "mn": "exploitation; overuse; abuse", "fr": 17492}, {"w": "実力行使", "rd": "じつりょくこうし", "mn": "use of force", "fr": 19920}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 173, "rp": 19, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "所", "g": 3, "o": 290, "f": 221, "j": null, "on": "ショ", "kun": "ところ、-ところ、どころ、とこ", "m": "place; extent", "pm": "place", "r": [{"c": "戸", "nj": "コ", "ne": "door"}, {"c": "斤", "nj": "おのづくり", "ne": "axe"}], "hc": "door; one; ceiling; flag; axe", "hk": "place", "hs": "Door . . . ax.", "ks": "When you come over to my place , you leave your axe at the door!", "v": [{"w": "場所", "rd": "ばしょ", "mn": "place; location; spot; position; area", "fr": 234}, {"w": "所", "rd": "ところ", "mn": "place; spot; scene; site", "fr": 469}, {"w": "居場所", "rd": "いばしょ", "mn": "whereabouts; place; location", "fr": 1867}, {"w": "近所", "rd": "きんじょ", "mn": "neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity", "fr": 2162}, {"w": "所謂", "rd": "いわゆる", "mn": "what is called; what you call; what they call; so-called", "fr": 2542}, {"w": "所詮", "rd": "しょせん", "mn": "after all; in the end; anyway", "fr": 3340}, {"w": "所属", "rd": "しょぞく", "mn": "belonging to (a group, organization, etc.); affiliation (with); being attached t", "fr": 3341}, {"w": "事務所", "rd": "じむしょ", "mn": "office", "fr": 3612}, {"w": "住所", "rd": "じゅうしょ", "mn": "address (of a home, business, etc.); residence; domicile", "fr": 3723}, {"w": "台所", "rd": "だいどころ", "mn": "kitchen", "fr": 5014}, {"w": "箇所", "rd": "かしょ", "mn": "place; point; part; spot; area; passage; portion", "fr": 5285}, {"w": "所有", "rd": "しょゆう", "mn": "possession; ownership", "fr": 7072}, {"w": "研究所", "rd": "けんきゅうじょ", "mn": "research institute; (research) laboratory", "fr": 8512}, {"w": "所持", "rd": "しょじ", "mn": "possession; having (on one's person); carrying (with one)", "fr": 8552}, {"w": "刑務所", "rd": "けいむしょ", "mn": "prison; jail; gaol; penitentiary", "fr": 9098}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 209, "rp": 28, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "次", "g": 3, "o": 291, "f": 222, "j": null, "on": "ジ、シ", "kun": "つ.ぐ、つぎ", "m": "next; order; sequence", "pm": "next", "r": [{"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}, {"c": "欠", "nj": "あくび", "ne": "to lack"}], "hc": "ice; lack; yawn", "hk": "next", "hs": "This key word connotes the \" <b>next</b> in line \" of a succession of people or things. Let there be a <i>lack</i> of <i>ice</i> on the hottest day of summer, and you stand impatiently in line waiting for the distributor to call out  \" <b>Next</b>! \"", "ks": "Is this store <i>lack</i> ing <i>ice</i>? Let's try the <b>next</b> one, then.", "v": [{"w": "次", "rd": "つぎ", "mn": "next; following; subsequent", "fr": 192}, {"w": "次第", "rd": "しだい", "mn": "depending on", "fr": 1644}, {"w": "次々", "rd": "つぎつぎ", "mn": "in succession; one by one", "fr": 2637}, {"w": "次回", "rd": "じかい", "mn": "next time (occasion)", "fr": 3810}, {"w": "次々に", "rd": "つぎつぎに", "mn": "one by one; one after another; successively", "fr": 5576}, {"w": "次元", "rd": "じげん", "mn": "dimension", "fr": 5783}, {"w": "次第に", "rd": "しだいに", "mn": "gradually; by degrees; little by little; bit by bit", "fr": 6547}, {"w": "次期", "rd": "じき", "mn": "next term; next period", "fr": 8685}, {"w": "次ぐ", "rd": "つぐ", "mn": "to follow; to come after; to come next (to); to rank next (to); to rank second (", "fr": 10415}, {"w": "手当たり次第", "rd": "てあたりしだい", "mn": "using anything one can lay one's hands on; haphazardly; on the rebound; at rando", "fr": 14883}, {"w": "次男", "rd": "じなん", "mn": "second son", "fr": 15881}, {"w": "二の次", "rd": "にのつぎ", "mn": "secondary; of secondary importance", "fr": 16856}, {"w": "次いで", "rd": "ついで", "mn": "next; secondly; subsequently", "fr": 17822}, {"w": "目次", "rd": "もくじ", "mn": "table of contents; contents", "fr": 21212}, {"w": "二次", "rd": "にじ", "mn": "second", "fr": 21222}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 561, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "品", "g": 3, "o": 292, "f": 225, "j": null, "on": "ヒン、ホン", "kun": "しな", "m": "goods; refinement; dignity; article; counter for meal courses", "pm": "goods", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "mouth", "hk": "goods", "hs": "As in the character for <i>sparkle</i> , the triplication of a single element in this character indicates \"everywhere\" or \"heaps of.\" When we think of <b>goods</b> in modern industrial society, we think of what has been mass- produced - that is to say, produced for the  \"masses\" of open <i>mouths</i> waiting like fledglings in a nest to  \"consume\" whatever comes their way.", "ks": "Boxes of goods stacked on top of the other.", "v": [{"w": "作品", "rd": "さくひん", "mn": "work (e.g. book, film, painting, composition); piece; production; opus", "fr": 1882}, {"w": "商品", "rd": "しょうひん", "mn": "commodity; article of commerce; goods; stock; merchandise", "fr": 3070}, {"w": "品", "rd": "しな", "mn": "article; item; thing; goods; stock", "fr": 4376}, {"w": "上品", "rd": "じょうひん", "mn": "elegant; refined; polished; stylish; sophisticated", "fr": 5926}, {"w": "下品", "rd": "げひん", "mn": "vulgar; indecent; coarse; crude", "fr": 6136}, {"w": "部品", "rd": "ぶひん", "mn": "parts; accessories; components", "fr": 8739}, {"w": "新品", "rd": "しんぴん", "mn": "brand-new article; new item", "fr": 9120}, {"w": "品物", "rd": "しなもの", "mn": "article; item; thing; goods; wares", "fr": 10390}, {"w": "手品", "rd": "てじな", "mn": "magic (illusion); conjuring; magic trick; conjuring trick; sleight of hand", "fr": 11392}, {"w": "一品", "rd": "いっぴん", "mn": "item; article", "fr": 12340}, {"w": "食品", "rd": "しょくひん", "mn": "food; food products; foodstuffs", "fr": 12796}, {"w": "製品", "rd": "せいひん", "mn": "manufactured goods; finished goods; product", "fr": 12916}, {"w": "薬品", "rd": "やくひん", "mn": "medicine; drug", "fr": 13185}, {"w": "景品", "rd": "けいひん", "mn": "gift; premium; freebie; giveaway; something additional; an extra", "fr": 15162}, {"w": "賞品", "rd": "しょうひん", "mn": "prize; trophy", "fr": 15323}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 189, "rp": 20, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "死", "g": 3, "o": 293, "f": 229, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "し.ぬ、し.に-", "m": "death; die", "pm": "death", "r": [{"c": "歹", "nj": "がつ", "ne": "death & dying"}, {"c": "匕", "nj": "さじ", "ne": "spoon"}], "hc": "bones; one; ceiling; evening; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "death", "hs": "<i>Bones</i> . . . <i>spoon</i>. Note how the first stroke is extended to the right, forming a sort of  \"roof\" overhead.", "ks": "The Grim Reaper eats bones for breakfast (with a spoon).", "v": [{"w": "死ぬ", "rd": "しぬ", "mn": "to die; to pass away", "fr": 178}, {"w": "必死", "rd": "ひっし", "mn": "frantic; frenetic; desperate", "fr": 912}, {"w": "死", "rd": "し", "mn": "death", "fr": 1022}, {"w": "死体", "rd": "したい", "mn": "dead body; corpse; cadaver; carcass", "fr": 2752}, {"w": "死亡", "rd": "しぼう", "mn": "death; dying; mortality", "fr": 4178}, {"w": "死者", "rd": "ししゃ", "mn": "dead person; (the) deceased; (the) dead; casualties", "fr": 5547}, {"w": "必死になって", "rd": "ひっしになって", "mn": "desperately; for one's dear life", "fr": 6309}, {"w": "死人", "rd": "しにん", "mn": "corpse; dead person", "fr": 7355}, {"w": "死後", "rd": "しご", "mn": "after death", "fr": 8208}, {"w": "生死", "rd": "せいし", "mn": "life and death; life or death", "fr": 8903}, {"w": "死因", "rd": "しいん", "mn": "cause of death", "fr": 9315}, {"w": "即死", "rd": "そくし", "mn": "instant death", "fr": 9419}, {"w": "死刑", "rd": "しけい", "mn": "death penalty; capital punishment", "fr": 9584}, {"w": "不死身", "rd": "ふじみ", "mn": "invulnerability; immortality; insensibility to pain", "fr": 13153}, {"w": "病死", "rd": "びょうし", "mn": "death from disease; death from illness", "fr": 18828}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 469, "rp": 11, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "係", "g": 3, "o": 294, "f": 232, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "かか.る、かかり、-がかり、かか.わる", "m": "person in charge; connection; duty; concern oneself", "pm": "person in charge", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "系", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "lineage"}], "hc": "person; lineage; drop; thread; spiderman", "hk": "person in charge", "hs": "Person . . . yarn.", "ks": "Mr. T is the person in charge of the DNA research center.", "v": [{"w": "関係", "rd": "かんけい", "mn": "relation; relationship; connection", "fr": 358}, {"w": "関係者", "rd": "かんけいしゃ", "mn": "person concerned; people involved (in an event); those concerned; staff", "fr": 3005}, {"w": "係", "rd": "かかり", "mn": "charge; duty; person in charge; official; clerk", "fr": 3177}, {"w": "無関係", "rd": "むかんけい", "mn": "unrelated", "fr": 4067}, {"w": "人間関係", "rd": "にんげんかんけい", "mn": "human relations; personal relationships", "fr": 6823}, {"w": "係員", "rd": "かかりいん", "mn": "person in charge; official; attendant", "fr": 20159}, {"w": "係わる", "rd": "かかわる", "mn": "to be involved (in); to get involved (in); to concern oneself (with); to take pa", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "係争", "rd": "けいそう", "mn": "dispute; contention; conflict; controversy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "係官", "rd": "かかりかん", "mn": "official in charge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "係長", "rd": "かかりちょう", "mn": "subsection head; assistant manager; chief clerk", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "利害関係", "rd": "りがいかんけい", "mn": "interests; stake", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "相関関係", "rd": "そうかんかんけい", "mn": "correlation; interrelation; intertwining", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "連係", "rd": "れんけい", "mn": "connection; linking; linkage; link; liaison; contact; coordination", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "連係プレー", "rd": "れんけいプレー", "mn": "(good) teamwork; team play", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 7, "rp": 63, "l": 14, "n": "係 孫"}}, {"k": "感", "g": 3, "o": 295, "f": 233, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "", "m": "emotion; feeling; sensation", "pm": "emotion", "r": [{"c": "咸", "nj": "カン", "ne": "all"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "march; mouth; heart", "hk": "emotion", "hs": "Mouths . . . marching . . . heart.", "ks": "<b>Emotion</b> is a <i>march of mouths</i> inside your <i>heart</i> telling you what to feel.", "v": [{"w": "感じる", "rd": "かんじる", "mn": "to feel; to sense; to experience", "fr": 315}, {"w": "感じ", "rd": "かんじ", "mn": "feeling; sense; impression", "fr": 339}, {"w": "感謝", "rd": "かんしゃ", "mn": "thanks; gratitude; appreciation; thankfulness", "fr": 680}, {"w": "感情", "rd": "かんじょう", "mn": "emotion; feeling; feelings; sentiment", "fr": 1118}, {"w": "感覚", "rd": "かんかく", "mn": "sense; sensation; feeling; intuition", "fr": 1463}, {"w": "感動", "rd": "かんどう", "mn": "being deeply moved emotionally; excitement; passion; inspiration; deep emotion; ", "fr": 1791}, {"w": "予感", "rd": "よかん", "mn": "presentiment; premonition; hunch", "fr": 1892}, {"w": "感想", "rd": "かんそう", "mn": "impressions; thoughts; feelings; reactions", "fr": 2421}, {"w": "感心", "rd": "かんしん", "mn": "admiration; being impressed", "fr": 2535}, {"w": "違和感", "rd": "いわかん", "mn": "uncomfortable feeling; feeling out of place; sense of discomfort", "fr": 2810}, {"w": "実感", "rd": "じっかん", "mn": "real feeling; actual feeling", "fr": 2849}, {"w": "感触", "rd": "かんしょく", "mn": "feel (of something); touch; texture; sensation", "fr": 2856}, {"w": "敏感", "rd": "びんかん", "mn": "sensitive; alert; aware; susceptible", "fr": 4088}, {"w": "感じ取る", "rd": "かんじとる", "mn": "to perceive; to sense; to take in; to grasp; to feel", "fr": 5049}, {"w": "快感", "rd": "かいかん", "mn": "pleasant feeling; pleasant sensation; pleasure", "fr": 5053}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 427, "rp": 12, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "投", "g": 3, "o": 296, "f": 236, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "な.げる、-な.げ", "m": "throw; discard; abandon; launch into; join; invest in; hurl; give up; sell at a loss", "pm": "throw", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "throw", "hs": "Fingers . . . missile.", "ks": "RPG. A wizard throws magic missiles from the tip of his fingers.", "v": [{"w": "投げる", "rd": "なげる", "mn": "to throw; to hurl; to fling; to toss; to cast", "fr": 1920}, {"w": "投げ出す", "rd": "なげだす", "mn": "to throw down; to throw out; to stretch out (one's legs)", "fr": 4384}, {"w": "投入", "rd": "とうにゅう", "mn": "throwing in; inserting; depositing (e.g. a ballot)", "fr": 7205}, {"w": "投資", "rd": "とうし", "mn": "investment", "fr": 8575}, {"w": "投稿", "rd": "とうこう", "mn": "contribution (to a newspaper, magazine, etc.); submission; post (on a blog, soci", "fr": 9007}, {"w": "投票", "rd": "とうひょう", "mn": "voting; ballot; poll; vote", "fr": 10964}, {"w": "投げ", "rd": "なげ", "mn": "throw; throwing", "fr": 11474}, {"w": "投げ込む", "rd": "なげこむ", "mn": "to throw into", "fr": 11881}, {"w": "投じる", "rd": "とうじる", "mn": "to throw; to cast (e.g. vote, light, shadow)", "fr": 12434}, {"w": "投影", "rd": "とうえい", "mn": "projection (of a shadow); casting (a reflection); reflection; cast shadow", "fr": 16260}, {"w": "投降", "rd": "とうこう", "mn": "surrender", "fr": 16410}, {"w": "投与", "rd": "とうよ", "mn": "administration (of medicine); giving medication", "fr": 17810}, {"w": "投下", "rd": "とうか", "mn": "throwing down; dropping; airdrop", "fr": 19419}, {"w": "投書", "rd": "とうしょ", "mn": "letter (e.g. of complaint); letter to the editor; letter from a reader", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "上手投げ", "rd": "うわてなげ", "mn": "overhand throw", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 64, "rp": 32, "l": 4, "n": "階段"}}, {"k": "打", "g": 3, "o": 297, "f": 239, "j": null, "on": "ダ、ダース", "kun": "う.つ、う.ち-、ぶ.つ", "m": "strike; hit; knock; pound; dozen", "pm": "strike", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "丁", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "street"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; street; nail; spike", "hk": "strike", "hs": "Finger . . . spike.", "ks": "My teacher used to strike my finger s with a street sign.", "v": [{"w": "打つ", "rd": "うつ", "mn": "to hit; to strike; to knock; to beat; to punch; to slap; to tap; to bang; to cla", "fr": 1018}, {"w": "打ち合わせ", "rd": "うちあわせ", "mn": "(preparatory) meeting; briefing session; (making) advance arrangements", "fr": 3802}, {"w": "打ち明ける", "rd": "うちあける", "mn": "to confide; to reveal; to disclose; to lay bare; to speak frankly; to open (one'", "fr": 4457}, {"w": "打ち込む", "rd": "うちこむ", "mn": "to drive in (a nail, stake, etc.); to hammer in", "fr": 4480}, {"w": "安打", "rd": "あんだ", "mn": "safe hit", "fr": 5881}, {"w": "舌打ち", "rd": "したうち", "mn": "clicking one's tongue; tut-tut", "fr": 6269}, {"w": "打ち上げる", "rd": "うちあげる", "mn": "to launch; to shoot up; to hit (a ball) high", "fr": 6856}, {"w": "打ち切る", "rd": "うちきる", "mn": "to stop; to abort; to discontinue; to close", "fr": 8632}, {"w": "打撃", "rd": "だげき", "mn": "blow; shock; strike; damage", "fr": 8926}, {"w": "打ち消す", "rd": "うちけす", "mn": "to deny; to contradict", "fr": 9753}, {"w": "打倒", "rd": "だとう", "mn": "overthrow; defeat; bringing down; knockdown", "fr": 13646}, {"w": "打ち上げ", "rd": "うちあげ", "mn": "launch (of a rocket, satellite, etc.); lift-off; shooting off (fireworks); (fire", "fr": 14127}, {"w": "打開", "rd": "だかい", "mn": "break in the deadlock", "fr": 15571}, {"w": "打破", "rd": "だは", "mn": "breaking down; defeating; abolishing", "fr": 15738}, {"w": "打ち出す", "rd": "うちだす", "mn": "to emboss", "fr": 16256}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 266, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "始", "g": 3, "o": 298, "f": 244, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "はじ.める、-はじ.める、はじ.まる", "m": "commence; begin", "pm": "commence", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "台", "nj": "ダイ", "ne": "pedestal"}], "hc": "woman; pedestal; elbow; mouth", "hk": "commence", "hs": "Woman . . . pedestal.", "ks": "Just think of any art class. You put a WOMAN on a PEDESTAL then you COMMENCE to draw her.", "v": [{"w": "始める", "rd": "はじめる", "mn": "to start; to begin; to commence; to initiate; to originate", "fr": 272}, {"w": "始まる", "rd": "はじまる", "mn": "to begin; to start; to commence", "fr": 435}, {"w": "開始", "rd": "かいし", "mn": "start; commencement; beginning; initiation", "fr": 1423}, {"w": "始まり", "rd": "はじまり", "mn": "origin; beginning; start", "fr": 2105}, {"w": "始末", "rd": "しまつ", "mn": "management; dealing with; settlement; cleaning up; disposal", "fr": 2813}, {"w": "始め", "rd": "はじめ", "mn": "beginning; start; outset; opening", "fr": 4724}, {"w": "後始末", "rd": "あとしまつ", "mn": "settlement (of a matter); sorting out; winding up (affairs); dealing with the af", "fr": 8999}, {"w": "終始", "rd": "しゅうし", "mn": "beginning and end", "fr": 10244}, {"w": "始動", "rd": "しどう", "mn": "starting (a machine, engine, etc.)", "fr": 15763}, {"w": "不始末", "rd": "ふしまつ", "mn": "omission; failure; incompleteness", "fr": 18862}, {"w": "原始", "rd": "げんし", "mn": "origin; beginning; genesis", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "始めに", "rd": "はじめに", "mn": "first; firstly; first of all; to begin with; in the beginning; at the beginning", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "始めまして", "rd": "はじめまして", "mn": "nice to meet you; I'm glad to make your acquaintance; how do you do?", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "始発", "rd": "しはつ", "mn": "first departure (of the day); first train; first bus", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "始終", "rd": "しじゅう", "mn": "continuously; from beginning to end; from first to last", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 209, "rp": 32, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "島", "g": 3, "o": 299, "f": 245, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "しま", "m": "island", "pm": "island", "r": [{"c": "鳥", "nj": "とり", "ne": "bird"}, {"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}], "hc": "bird; mountain", "hk": "island", "hs": "The <i>bird's tail</i> is tucked under here, because it has come to stop on a <i>mountain</i> to rest from its journey across the waters. Thus the kanji comes to mean an <b>island</b>.", "ks": "On the mountain of the island.. there were birds with no tail feathers.", "v": [{"w": "島", "rd": "しま", "mn": "island", "fr": 3118}, {"w": "広島", "rd": "ひろしま", "mn": "Hiroshima (city, prefecture)", "fr": 21876}, {"w": "小島", "rd": "こじま", "mn": "small island; islet", "fr": 24475}, {"w": "列島", "rd": "れっとう", "mn": "archipelago; chain of islands", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "半島", "rd": "はんとう", "mn": "peninsula", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "中島", "rd": "なかじま", "mn": "island in a pond or river", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千島", "rd": "ちしま", "mn": "Kurile Islands", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千島列島", "rd": "ちしまれっとう", "mn": "Kurile Islands", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "孤島", "rd": "ことう", "mn": "solitary island; isolated island", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "島々", "rd": "しまじま", "mn": "islands", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "島内", "rd": "とうない", "mn": "on an island; on-island", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "島国", "rd": "しまぐに", "mn": "island country", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "島根", "rd": "しまね", "mn": "Shimane (prefecture)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "朝鮮半島", "rd": "ちょうせんはんとう", "mn": "Korean peninsula", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "本島", "rd": "ほんとう", "mn": "main island", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 211, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "両", "g": 3, "o": 300, "f": 247, "j": null, "on": "リョウ", "kun": "てる、ふたつ", "m": "both; old Japanese coin; counter for carriages (e.g., in a train); two", "pm": "both", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "冂", "nj": "けいがまえ", "ne": "to enclose"}, {"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}], "hc": "street; nail; spike; belt; shovel", "hk": "both", "hs": "<i>Ceiling</i> . . . <i>belt</i> . . . <i>mountain</i>. Note that the writing order follows the order in which the primitives are given here.", "ks": "Under one ceiling both took off their belts in Brokeback Mountain.", "v": [{"w": "両親", "rd": "りょうしん", "mn": "parents; both parents", "fr": 1484}, {"w": "両手", "rd": "りょうて", "mn": "both hands; both arms", "fr": 2212}, {"w": "両方", "rd": "りょうほう", "mn": "both; both sides; both parties", "fr": 2411}, {"w": "両", "rd": "りょう", "mn": "both (hands, parents, sides, etc.)", "fr": 3087}, {"w": "両腕", "rd": "りょううで", "mn": "both arms", "fr": 5610}, {"w": "両者", "rd": "りょうしゃ", "mn": "pair; the two; both persons; both things", "fr": 6466}, {"w": "両足", "rd": "りょうあし", "mn": "both feet", "fr": 7104}, {"w": "車両", "rd": "しゃりょう", "mn": "(wheeled) vehicle; car; (railroad) car; (railway) carriage; rolling stock", "fr": 8433}, {"w": "両立", "rd": "りょうりつ", "mn": "compatibility; coexistence; standing together", "fr": 11280}, {"w": "両側", "rd": "りょうがわ", "mn": "both sides", "fr": 11496}, {"w": "両端", "rd": "りょうたん", "mn": "both ends; either end; both edges", "fr": 17715}, {"w": "両面", "rd": "りょうめん", "mn": "both sides; two sides; double-sided", "fr": 23269}, {"w": "両国", "rd": "りょうこく", "mn": "both countries", "fr": 23831}, {"w": "両替", "rd": "りょうがえ", "mn": "change; money exchange", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一両", "rd": "いちりょう", "mn": "one vehicle", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 172, "rp": 14, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "式", "g": 3, "o": 301, "f": 251, "j": null, "on": "シキ", "kun": "", "m": "style; ceremony; rite; function; method; system; form; expression", "pm": "style", "r": [{"c": "弋", "nj": "いぐるみ", "ne": "javelin"}, {"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}], "hc": "arrow; craft", "hk": "style", "hs": "Take <b>style</b> in its sense of some fashion design or model. Then let the element <i>arrow</i> and <i>craft</i> stand for the well-known <b>style</b> of shirts known as  \" <i>Arrow</i> shirts \" because of the little <i>arrow</i> sewn on each one.", "ks": "Each Indian tribe crafts their arrows in a certain <b>style</b>..", "v": [{"w": "式", "rd": "しき", "mn": "way; style; fashion; method; system; form; type", "fr": 2150}, {"w": "正式", "rd": "せいしき", "mn": "formal; official; regular; proper; legal; due (formalities)", "fr": 2373}, {"w": "儀式", "rd": "ぎしき", "mn": "ceremony; rite; ritual; service", "fr": 4150}, {"w": "結婚式", "rd": "けっこんしき", "mn": "marriage ceremony; wedding; nuptials", "fr": 4387}, {"w": "公式", "rd": "こうしき", "mn": "official; formal", "fr": 6244}, {"w": "株式会社", "rd": "かぶしきがいしゃ", "mn": "stock company; corporation; kabushiki kaisha; KK", "fr": 6611}, {"w": "形式", "rd": "けいしき", "mn": "form (as opposed to substance)", "fr": 7568}, {"w": "葬式", "rd": "そうしき", "mn": "funeral", "fr": 9877}, {"w": "卒業式", "rd": "そつぎょうしき", "mn": "graduation ceremony; commencement", "fr": 11336}, {"w": "一式", "rd": "いっしき", "mn": "(complete) set; outfit; kit; suite", "fr": 13382}, {"w": "方式", "rd": "ほうしき", "mn": "form; method; system; formula", "fr": 15045}, {"w": "お葬式", "rd": "おそうしき", "mn": "funeral", "fr": 16144}, {"w": "式典", "rd": "しきてん", "mn": "ceremony; rites", "fr": 20619}, {"w": "正式名称", "rd": "せいしきめいしょう", "mn": "official name; formal name", "fr": 22027}, {"w": "非公式", "rd": "ひこうしき", "mn": "informal; unofficial", "fr": 23599}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 87, "rp": 34, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "運", "g": 3, "o": 302, "f": 255, "j": null, "on": "ウン", "kun": "はこ.ぶ", "m": "carry; luck; destiny; fate; lot; transport; progress; advance", "pm": "carry", "r": [{"c": "軍", "nj": "グン", "ne": "army"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "army; chariot; crown; vehicle; car; road", "hk": "carry", "hs": "A long string of \"sweet\" <i>chariots</i> \"swinging low\" to our <i>roads</i> is a sure sign that the Lord is  \"comin' for to <b>carry</b> \" someone home.", "ks": "Roads carry armies (in contrast to seas carry ing navies or skies carry ing air forces).", "v": [{"w": "運ぶ", "rd": "はこぶ", "mn": "to carry; to transport; to move; to convey", "fr": 853}, {"w": "運命", "rd": "うんめい", "mn": "fate; destiny; lot", "fr": 1142}, {"w": "運動", "rd": "うんどう", "mn": "exercise; physical training; workout; sports; athletics", "fr": 2523}, {"w": "運転", "rd": "うんてん", "mn": "operation (of a machine); running; working", "fr": 3551}, {"w": "幸運", "rd": "こううん", "mn": "good luck; fortune", "fr": 3729}, {"w": "運", "rd": "うん", "mn": "fortune; luck; chance", "fr": 3747}, {"w": "運転手", "rd": "うんてんしゅ", "mn": "driver; chauffeur", "fr": 5277}, {"w": "運営", "rd": "うんえい", "mn": "management; administration; operation", "fr": 5612}, {"w": "運び", "rd": "はこび", "mn": "progress; pace; carriage; step; stage", "fr": 8417}, {"w": "不運", "rd": "ふうん", "mn": "misfortune; bad luck; ill luck; ill fortune", "fr": 9567}, {"w": "命運", "rd": "めいうん", "mn": "fate; destiny", "fr": 11295}, {"w": "運用", "rd": "うんよう", "mn": "making use of; application; practical use; effective management (e.g. of funds)", "fr": 12401}, {"w": "運動会", "rd": "うんどうかい", "mn": "athletic meet (esp. at a school); sports day; field day; sports festival", "fr": 14362}, {"w": "運搬", "rd": "うんぱん", "mn": "transport; transportation; conveyance; carriage", "fr": 14626}, {"w": "運良く", "rd": "うんよく", "mn": "luckily", "fr": 17457}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 239, "rp": 42, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "終", "g": 3, "o": 303, "f": 256, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "お.わる、-お.わる、おわ.る、お.える、つい、つい.に", "m": "end; finish", "pm": "end", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "冬", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "winter"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; winter; walking legs; ice; drop", "hk": "end", "hs": "Thread . . . winter.", "ks": "The thread of life begins with the spring and end s with the winter.", "v": [{"w": "終わる", "rd": "おわる", "mn": "to end; to come to an end; to finish; to close; to be over", "fr": 193}, {"w": "終わり", "rd": "おわり", "mn": "end; ending; close; conclusion", "fr": 493}, {"w": "終える", "rd": "おえる", "mn": "to finish", "fr": 1590}, {"w": "終了", "rd": "しゅうりょう", "mn": "end; close; conclusion; termination", "fr": 1641}, {"w": "最終", "rd": "さいしゅう", "mn": "last; final; closing", "fr": 2720}, {"w": "最終的", "rd": "さいしゅうてき", "mn": "final; eventual; ultimate", "fr": 3364}, {"w": "終始", "rd": "しゅうし", "mn": "beginning and end", "fr": 10244}, {"w": "終盤", "rd": "しゅうばん", "mn": "endgame; final stage", "fr": 14246}, {"w": "終焉", "rd": "しゅうえん", "mn": "end (of life); death; demise", "fr": 14792}, {"w": "終結", "rd": "しゅうけつ", "mn": "end; close", "fr": 16643}, {"w": "終点", "rd": "しゅうてん", "mn": "terminus; last stop (e.g. train)", "fr": 16920}, {"w": "終了後", "rd": "しゅうりょうご", "mn": "after the end (of something)", "fr": 17082}, {"w": "終電", "rd": "しゅうでん", "mn": "last train (of the day)", "fr": 18223}, {"w": "終末", "rd": "しゅうまつ", "mn": "end; close; conclusion; termination", "fr": 21345}, {"w": "始終", "rd": "しじゅう", "mn": "continuously; from beginning to end; from first to last", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 30, "rp": 41, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "住", "g": 3, "o": 304, "f": 270, "j": null, "on": "ジュウ、ヂュウ、チュウ", "kun": "す.む、す.まう、-ず.まい", "m": "dwell; reside; live; inhabit", "pm": "dwell", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "主", "nj": "シュ", "ne": "lord"}], "hc": "person; candlestick; lord; drop; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "dwell", "hs": "Person . . . candlestick.", "ks": "When <i>Mr T</i> shows people round his <b>dwelling</b> he takes a big <i>candlestick</i> (with a candle in it!) so that the light shows off his collection of bling bling jewellery.", "v": [{"w": "住む", "rd": "すむ", "mn": "to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide", "fr": 612}, {"w": "住所", "rd": "じゅうしょ", "mn": "address (of a home, business, etc.); residence; domicile", "fr": 3723}, {"w": "住人", "rd": "じゅうにん", "mn": "dweller; inhabitant; resident", "fr": 3779}, {"w": "住民", "rd": "じゅうみん", "mn": "inhabitant; resident; citizen; population", "fr": 5431}, {"w": "住まう", "rd": "すまう", "mn": "to live; to reside; to inhabit", "fr": 7836}, {"w": "住まい", "rd": "すまい", "mn": "dwelling; house; residence; address", "fr": 9181}, {"w": "住居", "rd": "じゅうきょ", "mn": "dwelling; house; residence; address", "fr": 11804}, {"w": "住宅街", "rd": "じゅうたくがい", "mn": "residential area", "fr": 12432}, {"w": "住宅", "rd": "じゅうたく", "mn": "residence; housing; residential building", "fr": 14475}, {"w": "移住", "rd": "いじゅう", "mn": "migration; move; emigration; immigration", "fr": 14527}, {"w": "在住", "rd": "ざいじゅう", "mn": "residing; living; dwelling", "fr": 18374}, {"w": "住", "rd": "じゅう", "mn": "dwelling; living", "fr": 20002}, {"w": "居住", "rd": "きょじゅう", "mn": "residence; living (at, in); abode", "fr": 22593}, {"w": "住宅地", "rd": "じゅうたくち", "mn": "housing district; residential district", "fr": 24346}, {"w": "衣食住", "rd": "いしょくじゅう", "mn": "food, clothing and shelter; necessities of life", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 100, "rp": 38, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "談", "g": 3, "o": 305, "f": 272, "j": null, "on": "ダン", "kun": "", "m": "discuss; talk", "pm": "discuss", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "炎", "nj": "エン", "ne": "inflammation"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; inflammation; fire", "hk": "discuss", "hs": "In almost every attempt to <b>discuss</b> an issue, the fervor of one's convictions comes to the surface and creates an <i>inflammation</i> of <i>words</i> (if you will, the  \"cuss\" in <b>discuss</b> ).", "ks": "Internet discuss ions often involve inflammatory words. Flame war!", "v": [{"w": "冗談", "rd": "じょうだん", "mn": "joke; jest; funny story", "fr": 644}, {"w": "相談", "rd": "そうだん", "mn": "consultation; discussion; discussing; asking (someone) for advice", "fr": 726}, {"w": "雑談", "rd": "ざつだん", "mn": "chatting; idle talk", "fr": 7985}, {"w": "談笑", "rd": "だんしょう", "mn": "friendly chat; pleasant chat; lighthearted talk; friendly conversation", "fr": 10824}, {"w": "怪談", "rd": "かいだん", "mn": "ghost story; tale of the supernatural", "fr": 15607}, {"w": "面談", "rd": "めんだん", "mn": "interview", "fr": 16984}, {"w": "商談", "rd": "しょうだん", "mn": "business discussion; negotiation", "fr": 17776}, {"w": "縁談", "rd": "えんだん", "mn": "marriage proposal; marriage talks", "fr": 18443}, {"w": "会談", "rd": "かいだん", "mn": "talks (i.e. formal discussions); conference; meeting", "fr": 19444}, {"w": "歓談", "rd": "かんだん", "mn": "pleasant talk; chat", "fr": 22437}, {"w": "余談", "rd": "よだん", "mn": "digression", "fr": 24404}, {"w": "対談", "rd": "たいだん", "mn": "talk; dialogue; conversation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "座談会", "rd": "ざだんかい", "mn": "symposium; round-table discussion", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "失敗談", "rd": "しっぱいだん", "mn": "failure story; horror story", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "懇談", "rd": "こんだん", "mn": "friendly chat; relaxed conversation; informal meeting", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 90, "rp": 27, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "真", "g": 3, "o": 306, "f": 279, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "ま、ま-、まこと", "m": "true; reality; Buddhist sect", "pm": "true", "r": [{"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "具", "nj": "グ", "ne": "tool"}], "hc": "ten; needle; eye; tool; one; animal legs; eight", "hk": "true", "hs": "Here again we meet the composite element, <i>eye of the needle</i> , which here combines with <i>tool</i> to give us a measure of what is <b>true</b> and what is not.", "ks": "Ten tools are all a true craftsman needs.", "v": [{"w": "写真", "rd": "しゃしん", "mn": "photograph; photo; picture; photography", "fr": 760}, {"w": "真", "rd": "しん", "mn": "truth; reality; genuineness", "fr": 1093}, {"w": "真面目", "rd": "まじめ", "mn": "serious; earnest; sober; grave", "fr": 1194}, {"w": "真実", "rd": "しんじつ", "mn": "truth; reality", "fr": 1546}, {"w": "真剣", "rd": "しんけん", "mn": "serious; earnest", "fr": 1575}, {"w": "真ん中", "rd": "まんなか", "mn": "middle; centre; center; midpoint; heart", "fr": 2622}, {"w": "真似", "rd": "まね", "mn": "imitating; copying; mimicry", "fr": 3045}, {"w": "真の", "rd": "しんの", "mn": "true; real; genuine; proper; utter", "fr": 3430}, {"w": "真相", "rd": "しんそう", "mn": "truth; real situation", "fr": 4232}, {"w": "真意", "rd": "しんい", "mn": "real intention; true motive; true meaning", "fr": 6490}, {"w": "真顔", "rd": "まがお", "mn": "serious look (on one's face); straight face", "fr": 7432}, {"w": "真正面", "rd": "ましょうめん", "mn": "directly opposite; right in front", "fr": 7715}, {"w": "真っ赤", "rd": "まっか", "mn": "bright red; deep red; flushed (of face)", "fr": 7841}, {"w": "真摯", "rd": "しんし", "mn": "sincere; earnest; serious", "fr": 8432}, {"w": "真上", "rd": "まうえ", "mn": "right above; just above; directly above; directly overhead", "fr": 8884}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 544, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "流", "g": 3, "o": 307, "f": 280, "j": null, "on": "リュウ、ル", "kun": "なが.れる、なが.れ、なが.す、-なが.す", "m": "current; a sink; flow; forfeit", "pm": "current", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "㐬", "nj": "", "ne": "a cup with pendants"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; lifebelt; infant; toddler; top hat; elbow; stream; flood", "hk": "current", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>infant</i> . . . <i>flood</i>. Be sure to distinguish the two water primitives from one another in making your story.", "ks": "INFANT Moses placed in the WATER and sent down the <b>current</b> of the STREAM.", "v": [{"w": "流れる", "rd": "ながれる", "mn": "to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to run (ink)", "fr": 1002}, {"w": "流れ", "rd": "ながれ", "mn": "flow (of a fluid or gas); stream; current", "fr": 1367}, {"w": "流す", "rd": "ながす", "mn": "to drain; to pour; to run; to let flow; to flush; to shed (blood, tears); to spi", "fr": 1467}, {"w": "合流", "rd": "ごうりゅう", "mn": "confluence (of rivers); flowing together; joining", "fr": 3007}, {"w": "流", "rd": "りゅう", "mn": "way; manner; style; fashion; mode", "fr": 4548}, {"w": "交流", "rd": "こうりゅう", "mn": "exchange (e.g. cultural); interchange; interaction; mingling; mixing; coming tog", "fr": 4890}, {"w": "一流", "rd": "いちりゅう", "mn": "first-class; first-rate; top-flight; top-ranking; leading; eminent; top", "fr": 5181}, {"w": "流行る", "rd": "はやる", "mn": "to be popular; to come into fashion", "fr": 6000}, {"w": "流れ込む", "rd": "ながれこむ", "mn": "to flow into; to pour into; to stream into", "fr": 6037}, {"w": "流行", "rd": "りゅうこう", "mn": "fashion; trend; vogue; craze; fad; popularity", "fr": 7472}, {"w": "流し", "rd": "ながし", "mn": "sink (e.g. in a kitchen)", "fr": 9675}, {"w": "電流", "rd": "でんりゅう", "mn": "electric current", "fr": 10437}, {"w": "流石", "rd": "さすが", "mn": "as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); just like (someone)", "fr": 11134}, {"w": "流出", "rd": "りゅうしゅつ", "mn": "outflow; effluence; efflux; spillage; spill; discharge; haemorrhage; hemorrhage;", "fr": 12445}, {"w": "流通", "rd": "りゅうつう", "mn": "circulation (of money, goods, etc.); distribution", "fr": 13577}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 324, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "有", "g": 3, "o": 308, "f": 282, "j": null, "on": "ユウ、ウ", "kun": "あ.る", "m": "possess; have; exist; happen; occur; approx", "pm": "possess", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "by one’s side; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "possess", "hs": "The picture here is of someone with a slab of <i>meat</i> dangling <i>by the side</i> , perhaps from a belt or rope tied around the waist. Think of it as an evil spirit in <b>possession</b> of one's soul, who can be exorcized only by allowing fresh <i>meat</i> to hang <i>by one's side</i> until it begins to putrefy and stink so bad that the demon departs. Take careful note of the stroke order.", "ks": "<b>Possess</b> ed by the Earth's gravity, the moon stays by its side.", "v": [{"w": "有名", "rd": "ゆうめい", "mn": "famous; well-known", "fr": 1200}, {"w": "共有", "rd": "きょうゆう", "mn": "joint ownership; co-ownership; sharing (e.g. a viewpoint)", "fr": 3298}, {"w": "有効", "rd": "ゆうこう", "mn": "valid; effective", "fr": 4310}, {"w": "有利", "rd": "ゆうり", "mn": "advantageous; favourable; better; stronger", "fr": 4483}, {"w": "有名人", "rd": "ゆうめいじん", "mn": "celebrity; famous person; public figure; big name", "fr": 5452}, {"w": "有る", "rd": "ある", "mn": "to be; to exist; to live", "fr": 5511}, {"w": "特有", "rd": "とくゆう", "mn": "characteristic (of); peculiar (to)", "fr": 5674}, {"w": "所有", "rd": "しょゆう", "mn": "possession; ownership", "fr": 7072}, {"w": "有無", "rd": "うむ", "mn": "existence or nonexistence; presence or absence", "fr": 7350}, {"w": "有能", "rd": "ゆうのう", "mn": "able; capable; competent; talented; efficient", "fr": 7814}, {"w": "有様", "rd": "ありさま", "mn": "state; condition; circumstances; sight; spectacle", "fr": 8860}, {"w": "有する", "rd": "ゆうする", "mn": "to have; to possess; to own; to be endowed with", "fr": 8891}, {"w": "有力", "rd": "ゆうりょく", "mn": "influential; prominent; leading", "fr": 9122}, {"w": "有意義", "rd": "ゆういぎ", "mn": "significant; useful; meaningful; worthwhile; valuable; of interest", "fr": 9747}, {"w": "有益", "rd": "ゆうえき", "mn": "beneficial; profitable; useful; helpful; instructive", "fr": 12489}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 218, "rp": 39, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "局", "g": 3, "o": 309, "f": 286, "j": null, "on": "キョク", "kun": "つぼね", "m": "bureau; board; office; affair; conclusion; court lady; lady-in-waiting; her apartment", "pm": "bureau", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "句", "nj": "ク", "ne": "phrase"}], "hc": "flag; phrase; bound up; mouth", "hk": "bureau", "hs": "<i>Flag</i> . . . <i>phrase</i>. Note how the <i>flag</i> 's long stroke doubles up for the first stroke of <i>phrase</i>.", "ks": "The Federal <b>Bureau</b> of Investigation has email scanners that <i>flag</i> certain <i>phrases</i>.", "v": [{"w": "結局", "rd": "けっきょく", "mn": "after all; in the end; ultimately; eventually", "fr": 460}, {"w": "局", "rd": "きょく", "mn": "bureau; department", "fr": 7244}, {"w": "局面", "rd": "きょくめん", "mn": "position in a game; state of the game", "fr": 11222}, {"w": "テレビ局", "rd": "テレビきょく", "mn": "television station", "fr": 16848}, {"w": "局長", "rd": "きょくちょう", "mn": "bureau director; office chief", "fr": 20438}, {"w": "薬局", "rd": "やっきょく", "mn": "pharmacy; drugstore; chemist's (shop)", "fr": 22452}, {"w": "当局", "rd": "とうきょく", "mn": "authorities; relevant authorities; authorities concerned", "fr": 24094}, {"w": "郵便局", "rd": "ゆうびんきょく", "mn": "post office", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一局", "rd": "いっきょく", "mn": "one game (of go, shogi, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "主税局", "rd": "しゅぜいきょく", "mn": "(Japanese) Tax Bureau", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "主計局", "rd": "しゅけいきょく", "mn": "budget bureau", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "事務局", "rd": "じむきょく", "mn": "secretariat; executive office", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "事務当局", "rd": "じむとうきょく", "mn": "officials in charge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "入国管理局", "rd": "にゅうこくかんりきょく", "mn": "Immigration Bureau; Immigration Office", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "内閣法制局", "rd": "ないかくほうせいきょく", "mn": "Cabinet Legislation Bureau", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 33, "rp": 53, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "放", "g": 3, "o": 310, "f": 288, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "はな.す、-っぱな.し、はな.つ、はな.れる、こ.く、ほう.る", "m": "set free; release; fire; shoot; emit; banish; liberate", "pm": "set free", "r": [{"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "compass; direction; taskmaster", "hk": "set free", "hs": "The <i>taskmaster</i> <b>sets</b> an unruly servant <b>free</b> , giving him no more than a quick glance at the <i>compass</i> and a boot from behind.", "ks": "Go in any <i>direction</i> away from your <i>taskmaster</i> when you are <b>set free</b>.", "v": [{"w": "放つ", "rd": "はなつ", "mn": "to fire (gun, arrow, questions, etc.); to shoot; to hit (e.g. baseball); to brea", "fr": 1417}, {"w": "解放", "rd": "かいほう", "mn": "release; unleashing; liberation; emancipation; setting free", "fr": 1630}, {"w": "放す", "rd": "はなす", "mn": "to release; to let go; to free; to set free; to let loose; to turn loose", "fr": 1862}, {"w": "放る", "rd": "ほうる", "mn": "to throw; to fling; to hurl; to toss", "fr": 2228}, {"w": "放置", "rd": "ほうち", "mn": "leaving as is; leaving alone; leaving unattended; neglecting; abandoning", "fr": 3128}, {"w": "放課後", "rd": "ほうかご", "mn": "after school (at the end of the day)", "fr": 3760}, {"w": "放送", "rd": "ほうそう", "mn": "broadcasting; broadcast; program; announcement", "fr": 3841}, {"w": "放題", "rd": "ほうだい", "mn": "(doing) as one pleases; to one's heart's content; letting (something) go uncheck", "fr": 4530}, {"w": "放棄", "rd": "ほうき", "mn": "abandonment; renouncement; renunciation; resignation; abdication; surrender; rel", "fr": 4636}, {"w": "放出", "rd": "ほうしゅつ", "mn": "emission; release; radiation; discharge; gush", "fr": 6849}, {"w": "開放", "rd": "かいほう", "mn": "opening (a door, window, etc.); leaving open", "fr": 7250}, {"w": "追放", "rd": "ついほう", "mn": "exile; banishment; eviction; deportation; purge; expulsion; ousting", "fr": 8548}, {"w": "野放し", "rd": "のばなし", "mn": "pasturing (e.g. cattle); letting (an animal) run loose", "fr": 11669}, {"w": "見放す", "rd": "みはなす", "mn": "to abandon; to give up on; to desert", "fr": 11742}, {"w": "釈放", "rd": "しゃくほう", "mn": "release; liberation; acquittal", "fr": 13815}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 73, "rp": 32, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "球", "g": 3, "o": 311, "f": 302, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "たま", "m": "ball; sphere", "pm": "ball", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "求", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "request"}], "hc": "king; jewel; request; arrow; grains of rice", "hk": "ball", "hs": "Ball . . . request.", "ks": "The KING REQUESTS your presence at the ball … game.", "v": [{"w": "地球", "rd": "ちきゅう", "mn": "Earth; the globe", "fr": 3042}, {"w": "野球", "rd": "やきゅう", "mn": "baseball", "fr": 6166}, {"w": "球", "rd": "きゅう", "mn": "sphere; globe; ball; bulb", "fr": 8258}, {"w": "直球", "rd": "ちょっきゅう", "mn": "straight ball (pitch)", "fr": 11991}, {"w": "地球上", "rd": "ちきゅうじょう", "mn": "on Earth; on the earth", "fr": 14439}, {"w": "野球部", "rd": "やきゅうぶ", "mn": "baseball club (at a university, corporation, etc.); baseball team", "fr": 15696}, {"w": "電球", "rd": "でんきゅう", "mn": "light bulb", "fr": 19453}, {"w": "プロ野球", "rd": "プロやきゅう", "mn": "professional baseball", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "初球", "rd": "しょきゅう", "mn": "pitcher's first pitch (to batter, or in the game)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "制球", "rd": "せいきゅう", "mn": "(pitcher's) control", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "卓球", "rd": "たっきゅう", "mn": "table tennis; ping-pong", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "四死球", "rd": "ししきゅう", "mn": "bases on balls and pitches striking the batsmen", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "四球", "rd": "しきゅう", "mn": "base on balls; walk; pass", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "地球儀", "rd": "ちきゅうぎ", "mn": "Earth globe (model); terrestrial globe", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "地球温暖化", "rd": "ちきゅうおんだんか", "mn": "global warming", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 58, "rp": 28, "l": 4, "n": "求"}}, {"k": "急", "g": 3, "o": 312, "f": 309, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "いそ.ぐ、いそ.ぎ、せ.く", "m": "hurry; emergency; sudden; steep", "pm": "hurry", "r": [{"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "bound up; broom; heart", "hk": "hurry", "hs": "Bound up . . . broom . . . heart.", "ks": "She was always <i>bound</i> to a <i>broom</i> , her <i>heart</i> pounding in a <b>hurry</b> to finish before she was punished for being slow.", "v": [{"w": "急に", "rd": "きゅうに", "mn": "swiftly; rapidly; quickly; immediately; hastily; hurriedly", "fr": 427}, {"w": "急ぐ", "rd": "いそぐ", "mn": "to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner", "fr": 683}, {"w": "急いで", "rd": "いそいで", "mn": "hurriedly; in haste; in a rush; quickly", "fr": 1173}, {"w": "急", "rd": "きゅう", "mn": "sudden; abrupt; unexpected", "fr": 1879}, {"w": "緊急", "rd": "きんきゅう", "mn": "urgency; emergency", "fr": 3415}, {"w": "救急車", "rd": "きゅうきゅうしゃ", "mn": "ambulance", "fr": 4030}, {"w": "急ぎ", "rd": "いそぎ", "mn": "haste; hurry; expedition; speed; dispatch", "fr": 4666}, {"w": "急激", "rd": "きゅうげき", "mn": "sudden; abrupt; rapid; sharp; drastic; radical", "fr": 5354}, {"w": "急速", "rd": "きゅうそく", "mn": "rapid (e.g. progress)", "fr": 5794}, {"w": "至急", "rd": "しきゅう", "mn": "urgent; pressing; immediate; prompt; express", "fr": 5967}, {"w": "早急", "rd": "そうきゅう", "mn": "immediate; prompt; quick; rapid; urgent; pressing", "fr": 6791}, {"w": "急用", "rd": "きゅうよう", "mn": "urgent business", "fr": 7962}, {"w": "急かす", "rd": "せかす", "mn": "to hurry (up); to urge on; to press; to rush", "fr": 8096}, {"w": "急所", "rd": "きゅうしょ", "mn": "vital part (of the body); tender spot; weak point; vitals", "fr": 9134}, {"w": "急遽", "rd": "きゅうきょ", "mn": "hurriedly; in a hurry; hastily; in haste", "fr": 11540}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 180, "rp": 30, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "送", "g": 3, "o": 313, "f": 311, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "おく.る", "m": "escort; send", "pm": "escort", "r": [{"c": "关", "nj": "", "ne": "frontier pass"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "escort; golden calf; horns; heavens; road", "hk": "send off", "hs": "Road . . . golden calf.", "ks": "After worshipping the <i>golden calf</i> , God sent the Jews on a long <i>road</i> through the wilderness.", "v": [{"w": "送る", "rd": "おくる", "mn": "to send; to dispatch; to forward; to transmit; to ship; to remit", "fr": 372}, {"w": "見送る", "rd": "みおくる", "mn": "to see (someone) off; to escort", "fr": 2722}, {"w": "放送", "rd": "ほうそう", "mn": "broadcasting; broadcast; program; announcement", "fr": 3841}, {"w": "送り込む", "rd": "おくりこむ", "mn": "to send in", "fr": 4731}, {"w": "送信", "rd": "そうしん", "mn": "transmission; sending", "fr": 5464}, {"w": "見送り", "rd": "みおくり", "mn": "seeing (someone) off; send-off", "fr": 7339}, {"w": "転送", "rd": "てんそう", "mn": "transfer (of a call, patient, etc.); forwarding (a letter, email, etc.); redirec", "fr": 10430}, {"w": "搬送", "rd": "はんそう", "mn": "transportation; conveyance; delivery", "fr": 13011}, {"w": "送り", "rd": "おくり", "mn": "seeing off; sending off", "fr": 13066}, {"w": "輸送", "rd": "ゆそう", "mn": "transport; transportation; transit; conveyance", "fr": 13834}, {"w": "送り返す", "rd": "おくりかえす", "mn": "to send back", "fr": 15668}, {"w": "仕送り", "rd": "しおくり", "mn": "allowance; remittance; sending (someone) an allowance", "fr": 19728}, {"w": "移送", "rd": "いそう", "mn": "transfer; transport; transportation", "fr": 19733}, {"w": "先送り", "rd": "さきおくり", "mn": "putting off (doing); postponement; delaying", "fr": 21007}, {"w": "回送", "rd": "かいそう", "mn": "forwarding; sending on; redirecting (e.g. mail)", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 188, "rp": 37, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "役", "g": 3, "o": 314, "f": 315, "j": null, "on": "ヤク、エキ", "kun": "", "m": "duty; war; campaign; drafted labor; office; service; role", "pm": "duty", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "duty", "hs": "Going . . . missile.", "ks": "It is every American citizen's duty to GO and fire MISSILES at defenceless countries.", "v": [{"w": "役", "rd": "やく", "mn": "role; assignment; responsibility; duty; function; job; service", "fr": 1339}, {"w": "役に立つ", "rd": "やくにたつ", "mn": "to be helpful; to be useful", "fr": 1477}, {"w": "役目", "rd": "やくめ", "mn": "duty; role; function", "fr": 1973}, {"w": "役割", "rd": "やくわり", "mn": "part; assigning (allotment of) parts; role; duties", "fr": 3198}, {"w": "主役", "rd": "しゅやく", "mn": "leading part; leading actor; leading actress", "fr": 3980}, {"w": "役立つ", "rd": "やくだつ", "mn": "to be useful; to be helpful; to serve the purpose", "fr": 5657}, {"w": "役者", "rd": "やくしゃ", "mn": "actor; actress", "fr": 6162}, {"w": "現役", "rd": "げんえき", "mn": "active duty; active service", "fr": 6632}, {"w": "役に立たない", "rd": "やくにたたない", "mn": "of no avail; useless", "fr": 6720}, {"w": "役員", "rd": "やくいん", "mn": "director; executive", "fr": 10544}, {"w": "悪役", "rd": "あくやく", "mn": "villain; baddie; the villain's part", "fr": 10924}, {"w": "役所", "rd": "やくしょ", "mn": "government office; public office", "fr": 11338}, {"w": "役人", "rd": "やくにん", "mn": "government official", "fr": 11580}, {"w": "役職", "rd": "やくしょく", "mn": "post; official position", "fr": 12034}, {"w": "代役", "rd": "だいやく", "mn": "substitute (actor); stand-in; fill-in; understudy; double", "fr": 16187}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 130, "rp": 39, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "身", "g": 3, "o": 315, "f": 320, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "み", "m": "somebody; person; one's station in life", "pm": "somebody", "r": [{"c": "身", "nj": "み", "ne": "body"}], "hc": "nose", "hk": "somebody", "hs": "The key word <b>somebody</b> was chosen to convey the double meaning of this kanji: body and person. Its composition is based on the <i>nose</i> (which, you will recall, is also the kanji for <i>oneself</i> ). The extension of the bottom and far right strokes of that element, together with the unusual diagonal stroke, forms the pictograph of <b>somebody</b> with a prominent paunch.", "ks": "Somebody was just looking for you. He had a long nose that reaches down below his mouth, and a long jaw that sticks out past his nose, and a scar across his face.", "v": [{"w": "身", "rd": "み", "mn": "one's body; one's person", "fr": 876}, {"w": "自身", "rd": "じしん", "mn": "(one's) self; oneself; yourself; himself; herself", "fr": 943}, {"w": "中身", "rd": "なかみ", "mn": "contents; interior; filling", "fr": 1479}, {"w": "全身", "rd": "ぜんしん", "mn": "whole (body); full-length (e.g. portrait)", "fr": 1777}, {"w": "自分自身", "rd": "じぶんじしん", "mn": "oneself; myself", "fr": 2689}, {"w": "身体", "rd": "しんたい", "mn": "body; physical system; (the) person", "fr": 2943}, {"w": "出身", "rd": "しゅっしん", "mn": "one's origin (e.g. city, country, parentage, school)", "fr": 3170}, {"w": "身内", "rd": "みうち", "mn": "relatives; one's family", "fr": 3755}, {"w": "身長", "rd": "しんちょう", "mn": "height (of a person); stature", "fr": 3794}, {"w": "身につける", "rd": "みにつける", "mn": "to learn; to acquire knowledge", "fr": 3954}, {"w": "身近", "rd": "みぢか", "mn": "near oneself; close to one; familiar", "fr": 4378}, {"w": "身分", "rd": "みぶん", "mn": "(social) standing; status; position; rank", "fr": 4642}, {"w": "私自身", "rd": "わたしじしん", "mn": "myself", "fr": 4736}, {"w": "変身", "rd": "へんしん", "mn": "metamorphosis; disguise; transformation; shapeshifting; morphing", "fr": 5259}, {"w": "下半身", "rd": "かはんしん", "mn": "lower half of the body; nether parts", "fr": 5490}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 425, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "由", "g": 3, "o": 316, "f": 325, "j": null, "on": "ユ、ユウ、ユイ", "kun": "よし、よ.る", "m": "wherefore; a reason", "pm": "wherefore", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}], "hc": "sprout; shoot", "hk": "wherefore", "hs": "The \" <b>wherefore</b> \" of this kanji explains the reason or origin of a thing. It does this graphically by depicting a seed in a <i>rice field</i> sending up a single sprout, which is the whole why and <b>wherefore</b> of the seed's falling in the earth and dying. (When the <i>flower</i> appears, you will recall from frame 249, we have a full <i>seedling</i>.)", "ks": "\" <b>Wherefore</b> art thou, <i>Sprouteo</i>?\" (Juliet has fallen in love with a brussel sprout) (OR: A brussel sprout has fallen from Juliet's dinner plate and rolled off).", "v": [{"w": "理由", "rd": "りゆう", "mn": "reason; grounds; pretext; excuse; motive", "fr": 384}, {"w": "自由", "rd": "じゆう", "mn": "freedom; liberty", "fr": 789}, {"w": "不自由", "rd": "ふじゆう", "mn": "discomfort; inconvenience", "fr": 4999}, {"w": "由来", "rd": "ゆらい", "mn": "origin; source; history; derivation", "fr": 7088}, {"w": "経由", "rd": "けいゆ", "mn": "going through; going via; going by way of", "fr": 8168}, {"w": "由", "rd": "よし", "mn": "reason; significance; cause", "fr": 13558}, {"w": "事由", "rd": "じゆう", "mn": "reason; cause; whys and wherefores; particulars", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "由緒", "rd": "ゆいしょ", "mn": "history; pedigree; lineage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自由主義", "rd": "じゆうしゅぎ", "mn": "liberalism", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自由化", "rd": "じゆうか", "mn": "liberalization; liberalisation; freeing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自由形", "rd": "じゆうがた", "mn": "freestyle (e.g. swimming event)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自由経済", "rd": "じゆうけいざい", "mn": "free economy", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 81, "rp": 48, "l": 8, "n": "理由 自由 油"}}, {"k": "転", "g": 3, "o": 317, "f": 327, "j": null, "on": "テン", "kun": "ころ.がる、ころ.げる、ころ.がす、ころ.ぶ、まろ.ぶ、うたた、うつ.る、くる.めく", "m": "revolve; turn around; change", "pm": "revolve", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "云", "nj": "ウン", "ne": "say"}], "hc": "car; rising cloud; two; elbow; wall", "hk": "revolve", "hs": "As the wheels of the <i>car</i> <b>revolve</b> , they kick up small <i>rising clouds</i> of dust and debris behind them.", "ks": "The REVOLVING wheels of the car (with <b>REVOLVE</b> R blaring on the stereo) kicked up RISING CLOUDS of dust.", "v": [{"w": "転ぶ", "rd": "ころぶ", "mn": "to fall down; to fall over", "fr": 2300}, {"w": "転がる", "rd": "ころがる", "mn": "to roll; to tumble", "fr": 2805}, {"w": "運転", "rd": "うんてん", "mn": "operation (of a machine); running; working", "fr": 3551}, {"w": "回転", "rd": "かいてん", "mn": "rotation; revolution; turn; spin", "fr": 3639}, {"w": "自転車", "rd": "じてんしゃ", "mn": "bicycle; bike", "fr": 4195}, {"w": "逆転", "rd": "ぎゃくてん", "mn": "reversal (of a situation); turnaround; turnabout; turning the tables; sudden cha", "fr": 4695}, {"w": "運転手", "rd": "うんてんしゅ", "mn": "driver; chauffeur", "fr": 5277}, {"w": "転がす", "rd": "ころがす", "mn": "to roll; to wheel; to trundle; to drive (a car)", "fr": 5468}, {"w": "気分転換", "rd": "きぶんてんかん", "mn": "change of pace; change of mood; (mental) break (e.g. going for a walk); refreshm", "fr": 6777}, {"w": "反転", "rd": "はんてん", "mn": "rolling over; turning over", "fr": 9698}, {"w": "転職", "rd": "てんしょく", "mn": "change of job; change of occupation; career change", "fr": 10013}, {"w": "転送", "rd": "てんそう", "mn": "transfer (of a call, patient, etc.); forwarding (a letter, email, etc.); redirec", "fr": 10430}, {"w": "転換", "rd": "てんかん", "mn": "conversion; diversion; changeover; commutation; switchover", "fr": 10556}, {"w": "転落", "rd": "てんらく", "mn": "fall; tumble; spill; plunge; dive", "fr": 10845}, {"w": "転倒", "rd": "てんとう", "mn": "fall; falling down; tumbling; toppling (over)", "fr": 11963}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 202, "rp": 29, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "研", "g": 3, "o": 318, "f": 336, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "と.ぐ", "m": "polish; study of; sharpen", "pm": "polish", "r": [{"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}, {"c": "开", "nj": "", "ne": "open"}], "hc": "stone; rock; two hands", "hk": "polish", "hs": "Stone . . . two hands.", "ks": "My <i>stones</i> are so huge that it takes <i>two hands</i> to <b>polish</b> them!", "v": [{"w": "研究", "rd": "けんきゅう", "mn": "research; study; investigation", "fr": 1891}, {"w": "研究所", "rd": "けんきゅうじょ", "mn": "research institute; (research) laboratory", "fr": 8512}, {"w": "研究室", "rd": "けんきゅうしつ", "mn": "laboratory", "fr": 9744}, {"w": "研究者", "rd": "けんきゅうしゃ", "mn": "researcher", "fr": 9905}, {"w": "研修", "rd": "けんしゅう", "mn": "training (esp. in-service); induction course", "fr": 10900}, {"w": "研ぐ", "rd": "とぐ", "mn": "to sharpen; to hone; to whet; to grind", "fr": 17740}, {"w": "研究員", "rd": "けんきゅういん", "mn": "researcher; lab worker", "fr": 18796}, {"w": "最新研究", "rd": "さいしんけんきゅう", "mn": "the newest research", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "研磨", "rd": "けんま", "mn": "grinding; polishing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "研究官", "rd": "けんきゅうかん", "mn": "research officer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "研究家", "rd": "けんきゅうか", "mn": "researcher; student (of)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "研究結果", "rd": "けんきゅうけっか", "mn": "results of a scientific investigation; findings", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "経済研究所", "rd": "けいざいけんきゅうじょ", "mn": "economic research institute", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 64, "rp": 73, "l": 13, "n": ""}}, {"k": "消", "g": 3, "o": 319, "f": 345, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "き.える、け.す", "m": "extinguish; blow out; turn off; neutralize; cancel", "pm": "extinguish", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "肖", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "resemblance"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; resemblance; spark; candle; small; little; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "extinguish", "hs": "Among the many things <i>water</i> is useful for is <b>extinguishing</b> fires, and that is just what we have here. First of all, take the <i>water</i> at the left as the <i>drops of water</i> that are used to depict <i>water</i> in general. In the best of all possible worlds, the most efficient way to <b>extinguish</b> a fire would be to see that each <i>drop of water</i> hits one <i>spark</i> of the conflagration. An unthinkable bit of utopian fire fighting, you say to yourself, but helpful for assigning this key word its primitives.", "ks": "To <b>extinguish</b> a SPARK, you need WATER.", "v": [{"w": "消える", "rd": "きえる", "mn": "to disappear; to vanish; to go out of sight; to go away; to become lost", "fr": 424}, {"w": "消す", "rd": "けす", "mn": "to erase; to rub out; to rub off; to cross out; to delete", "fr": 882}, {"w": "消滅", "rd": "しょうめつ", "mn": "extinction; extinguishment; disappearance; vanishing; termination; lapse", "fr": 4461}, {"w": "解消", "rd": "かいしょう", "mn": "cancellation; liquidation; resolution; reduction (e.g. of stress)", "fr": 4838}, {"w": "消費", "rd": "しょうひ", "mn": "consumption; expenditure; spending", "fr": 5515}, {"w": "消耗", "rd": "しょうもう", "mn": "exhaustion; consumption; using up; dissipation; waste", "fr": 6083}, {"w": "消化", "rd": "しょうか", "mn": "digestion (of food)", "fr": 8363}, {"w": "取り消す", "rd": "とりけす", "mn": "to cancel; to withdraw; to retract; to take back (words, etc.); to revoke", "fr": 8528}, {"w": "打ち消す", "rd": "うちけす", "mn": "to deny; to contradict", "fr": 9753}, {"w": "消去", "rd": "しょうきょ", "mn": "erasure; deletion; elimination; clearing", "fr": 9858}, {"w": "消毒", "rd": "しょうどく", "mn": "disinfection; sterilization; sterilisation", "fr": 11831}, {"w": "消極的", "rd": "しょうきょくてき", "mn": "negative; passive; half-hearted; unmotivated", "fr": 15025}, {"w": "消息", "rd": "しょうそく", "mn": "news (from someone); letter; contact", "fr": 15484}, {"w": "抹消", "rd": "まっしょう", "mn": "erasure; striking off; crossing out; cancellation; deletion", "fr": 16087}, {"w": "帳消し", "rd": "ちょうけし", "mn": "writing off (a debt); cancellation; balancing the books", "fr": 18628}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 282, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "神", "g": 3, "o": 320, "f": 347, "j": null, "on": "シン、ジン", "kun": "かみ、かん-、こう-", "m": "gods; mind; soul", "pm": "gods", "r": [{"c": "礻", "nj": "しめすへん", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "申", "nj": "シン", "ne": "have the honor to"}], "hc": "altar; monkey; sun; day; stick", "hk": "gods", "hs": "Altar . . . monkey.", "ks": "Gods are monkeys who sit behind church altars.", "v": [{"w": "神", "rd": "かみ", "mn": "god; deity; divinity; spirit; kami", "fr": 1156}, {"w": "神様", "rd": "かみさま", "mn": "God; god; deity; divinity; spirit; kami", "fr": 1763}, {"w": "精神", "rd": "せいしん", "mn": "mind; spirit; soul; heart; ethos", "fr": 2255}, {"w": "精神的", "rd": "せいしんてき", "mn": "mental; spiritual; emotional", "fr": 3616}, {"w": "神経", "rd": "しんけい", "mn": "nerve", "fr": 3662}, {"w": "女神", "rd": "めがみ", "mn": "goddess", "fr": 4475}, {"w": "神社", "rd": "じんじゃ", "mn": "Shinto shrine", "fr": 5355}, {"w": "神聖", "rd": "しんせい", "mn": "holiness; sacredness; sanctity; dignity", "fr": 6208}, {"w": "神妙", "rd": "しんみょう", "mn": "meek; quiet; docile; humble; faithful; obedient", "fr": 7545}, {"w": "神話", "rd": "しんわ", "mn": "myth; mythology", "fr": 9786}, {"w": "無神経", "rd": "むしんけい", "mn": "insensitive; inconsiderate; callous; thick-skinned", "fr": 10011}, {"w": "神秘", "rd": "しんぴ", "mn": "mystery; mysteriousness; secret", "fr": 10557}, {"w": "神経質", "rd": "しんけいしつ", "mn": "nervous; highly strung; sensitive", "fr": 11652}, {"w": "神秘的", "rd": "しんぴてき", "mn": "mysterious; mystical", "fr": 11975}, {"w": "失神", "rd": "しっしん", "mn": "fainting; losing consciousness; passing out", "fr": 12294}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 270, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "配", "g": 3, "o": 321, "f": 359, "j": null, "on": "ハイ", "kun": "くば.る", "m": "distribute; spouse; exile; rationing", "pm": "distribute", "r": [{"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}, {"c": "己", "nj": "おのれ", "ne": "self"}], "hc": "whiskey bottle; snake; self", "hk": "distribute", "hs": "Whisky bottle . . . snake.", "ks": "To <b>DISTRIBUTE</b> <i>WHISKY</i> during Prohibition you had to be as sneaky as a <i>SNAKE</i>.", "v": [{"w": "心配", "rd": "しんぱい", "mn": "worry; concern; anxiety; uneasiness; fear", "fr": 211}, {"w": "気配", "rd": "けはい", "mn": "indication; sign; hint; sensation; feeling", "fr": 1775}, {"w": "支配", "rd": "しはい", "mn": "rule; domination; control", "fr": 2256}, {"w": "配る", "rd": "くばる", "mn": "to distribute; to hand out; to deliver; to deal out; to serve out", "fr": 3254}, {"w": "手配", "rd": "てはい", "mn": "arrangement; preparations", "fr": 3422}, {"w": "配置", "rd": "はいち", "mn": "arrangement (of resources); deployment; stationing; posting; disposition; config", "fr": 3945}, {"w": "配慮", "rd": "はいりょ", "mn": "consideration; concern; attention; thoughtfulness; making arrangements; care; tr", "fr": 5160}, {"w": "配信", "rd": "はいしん", "mn": "distribution (of information, news, etc.); broadcast; delivery; transmission; st", "fr": 6970}, {"w": "配達", "rd": "はいたつ", "mn": "delivery", "fr": 9473}, {"w": "配属", "rd": "はいぞく", "mn": "assignment (of a person to somewhere); attachment (of a person to another unit, ", "fr": 11157}, {"w": "配布", "rd": "はいふ", "mn": "distribution", "fr": 16003}, {"w": "気配り", "rd": "きくばり", "mn": "care; attentiveness; attention; consideration (for others); solicitude", "fr": 16924}, {"w": "配備", "rd": "はいび", "mn": "deployment; disposition; posting; stationing", "fr": 17140}, {"w": "年配", "rd": "ねんぱい", "mn": "(approximate) age; years", "fr": 17850}, {"w": "配分", "rd": "はいぶん", "mn": "distribution; allotment", "fr": 18062}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 108, "rp": 32, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "宮", "g": 3, "o": 322, "f": 367, "j": null, "on": "キュウ、グウ、ク、クウ", "kun": "みや", "m": "Shinto shrine; constellations; palace; princess", "pm": "Shinto shrine", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "呂", "nj": "ロ", "ne": "spine"}], "hc": "shinto shrine; house; spine; mouth; drop", "hk": "Shinto shrine", "hs": "Way back in lesson 2 we learned the character for <i>spine</i>. The two other characters in which it is used we can now learn together in this and the following frame. Here a <b>Shinto shrine</b> is composed of <i>house</i> and <i>spine</i>.", "ks": "A friend of mine made up a rhyme for this one: \"house with a spine, <b>Shinto shrine</b> \"!", "v": [{"w": "子宮", "rd": "しきゅう", "mn": "womb; uterus", "fr": 9993}, {"w": "迷宮", "rd": "めいきゅう", "mn": "labyrinth; maze", "fr": 12021}, {"w": "宮殿", "rd": "きゅうでん", "mn": "palace", "fr": 15194}, {"w": "王宮", "rd": "おうきゅう", "mn": "royal palace", "fr": 17867}, {"w": "宮廷", "rd": "きゅうてい", "mn": "imperial court; royal court", "fr": 20190}, {"w": "二宮", "rd": "にぐう", "mn": "the Two Ise Shrines", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "天満宮", "rd": "てんまんぐう", "mn": "Tenmangu shrine (shrine dedicated to Sugawara no Michizane's spirit)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宮中", "rd": "きゅうちゅう", "mn": "imperial court", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宮内庁", "rd": "くないちょう", "mn": "Imperial Household Agency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "東宮", "rd": "とうぐう", "mn": "crown prince", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "神宮", "rd": "じんぐう", "mn": "high-status Shinto shrine with connection to imperial family; imperial Shinto sh", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "離宮", "rd": "りきゅう", "mn": "imperial villa; royal villa; detached palace", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "究", "g": 3, "o": 323, "f": 368, "j": null, "on": "キュウ、ク", "kun": "きわ.める", "m": "research; study", "pm": "research", "r": [{"c": "穴", "nj": "あな", "ne": "hole"}, {"c": "九", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "nine"}], "hc": "hole; house; human legs; nine; baseball", "hk": "research", "hs": "Hole . . . baseball.", "ks": "Most <b>research</b> scientists have 9 holes…..two nostrils, two ears, a mouth, and four eyes…… :-).", "v": [{"w": "研究", "rd": "けんきゅう", "mn": "research; study; investigation", "fr": 1891}, {"w": "究極", "rd": "きゅうきょく", "mn": "ultimate; final; last; eventual", "fr": 5275}, {"w": "研究所", "rd": "けんきゅうじょ", "mn": "research institute; (research) laboratory", "fr": 8512}, {"w": "研究室", "rd": "けんきゅうしつ", "mn": "laboratory", "fr": 9744}, {"w": "研究者", "rd": "けんきゅうしゃ", "mn": "researcher", "fr": 9905}, {"w": "研究員", "rd": "けんきゅういん", "mn": "researcher; lab worker", "fr": 18796}, {"w": "究明", "rd": "きゅうめい", "mn": "investigation (esp. in academic and scientific contexts); finding out the facts;", "fr": 24659}, {"w": "学究", "rd": "がっきゅう", "mn": "scholar; student", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "探究", "rd": "たんきゅう", "mn": "research; investigation; enquiry; inquiry; study", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "最新研究", "rd": "さいしんけんきゅう", "mn": "the newest research", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "研究官", "rd": "けんきゅうかん", "mn": "research officer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "研究家", "rd": "けんきゅうか", "mn": "researcher; student (of)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "研究結果", "rd": "けんきゅうけっか", "mn": "results of a scientific investigation; findings", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "経済研究所", "rd": "けいざいけんきゅうじょ", "mn": "economic research institute", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "追究", "rd": "ついきゅう", "mn": "thorough investigation; close inquiry; pursuit (e.g. of the truth)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 74, "l": 15, "n": ""}}, {"k": "育", "g": 3, "o": 324, "f": 369, "j": null, "on": "イク", "kun": "そだ.つ、そだ.ち、そだ.てる、はぐく.む", "m": "bring up; grow up; raise; rear", "pm": "bring up", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "infant; toddler; top hat; elbow; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "bring up", "hs": "Since the key word has to do with raising children to be strong both in mind and body, it is easy to coordinate the primitive elements: <i>infant</i> . . . <i>meat</i>.", "ks": "Bringing up an infant requires months of hard work.", "v": [{"w": "育てる", "rd": "そだてる", "mn": "to raise; to rear; to bring up", "fr": 1245}, {"w": "育つ", "rd": "そだつ", "mn": "to be raised (e.g. child); to be brought up; to grow (up)", "fr": 1608}, {"w": "教育", "rd": "きょういく", "mn": "education; schooling; training; instruction; teaching; upbringing", "fr": 2732}, {"w": "体育", "rd": "たいいく", "mn": "physical education; PE; gym (class)", "fr": 6316}, {"w": "育ち", "rd": "そだち", "mn": "growth; breeding", "fr": 7081}, {"w": "体育館", "rd": "たいいくかん", "mn": "gymnasium", "fr": 7730}, {"w": "育む", "rd": "はぐくむ", "mn": "to raise; to bring up; to rear", "fr": 9560}, {"w": "育成", "rd": "いくせい", "mn": "rearing; training; nurture; cultivation; promotion", "fr": 10795}, {"w": "子育て", "rd": "こそだて", "mn": "child rearing; child raising; raising children; parenting", "fr": 10987}, {"w": "生まれ育つ", "rd": "うまれそだつ", "mn": "to be born and raised (in); to be born and brought up; to be born and bred", "fr": 11063}, {"w": "飼育", "rd": "しいく", "mn": "breeding; raising; rearing; keeping", "fr": 16209}, {"w": "保育園", "rd": "ほいくえん", "mn": "nursery school; day nursery; day care center", "fr": 18519}, {"w": "育児", "rd": "いくじ", "mn": "childcare; child-rearing; nursing; upbringing", "fr": 21523}, {"w": "発育", "rd": "はついく", "mn": "(physical) growth; development", "fr": 23133}, {"w": "保育", "rd": "ほいく", "mn": "nurturing; rearing; childcare; day care", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 157, "rp": 21, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "起", "g": 3, "o": 325, "f": 374, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "お.きる、お.こる、お.こす、おこ.す、た.つ", "m": "rouse; wake up; get up", "pm": "rouse", "r": [{"c": "走", "nj": "はしる", "ne": "to run"}, {"c": "己", "nj": "おのれ", "ne": "self"}], "hc": "run; soil; dirt; ground; mend; snake; self", "hk": "rouse", "hs": "Run . . . snake.", "ks": "Yelling \" Run!!! Snake!!! \" is more than enough to rouse anyone nearby.", "v": [{"w": "起きる", "rd": "おきる", "mn": "to get up; to rise; to blaze up (fire)", "fr": 311}, {"w": "起こす", "rd": "おこす", "mn": "to raise; to raise up; to set up; to pick up", "fr": 621}, {"w": "起こる", "rd": "おこる", "mn": "to occur; to happen", "fr": 765}, {"w": "起き上がる", "rd": "おきあがる", "mn": "to rise; to get up; to stand up; to sit up", "fr": 4833}, {"w": "引き起こす", "rd": "ひきおこす", "mn": "to cause; to induce; to bring about; to provoke", "fr": 4921}, {"w": "起動", "rd": "きどう", "mn": "startup; booting up; activation; starting (e.g. engine, computer); launch", "fr": 5310}, {"w": "早起き", "rd": "はやおき", "mn": "getting up early; early rising", "fr": 7351}, {"w": "勃起", "rd": "ぼっき", "mn": "erection (of the penis); becoming erect; stiffening", "fr": 12030}, {"w": "突起", "rd": "とっき", "mn": "protuberance; projection; prominence; protrusion; bump; boss; process; apophysis", "fr": 12556}, {"w": "思い起こす", "rd": "おもいおこす", "mn": "to recall; to remember", "fr": 12900}, {"w": "躍起", "rd": "やっき", "mn": "desperate; frantic; excited; worked up; heated; eager", "fr": 15156}, {"w": "起立", "rd": "きりつ", "mn": "standing up", "fr": 15324}, {"w": "起床", "rd": "きしょう", "mn": "rising (from one's bed); getting up; getting out of bed", "fr": 16780}, {"w": "起伏", "rd": "きふく", "mn": "undulation", "fr": 17360}, {"w": "再起動", "rd": "さいきどう", "mn": "restart; reboot", "fr": 20099}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 99, "rp": 61, "l": 10, "n": ""}}, {"k": "着", "g": 3, "o": 326, "f": 376, "j": null, "on": "チャク、ジャク", "kun": "き.る、き.せる、つ.く、つ.ける", "m": "don; arrive; wear; counter for suits of clothing", "pm": "don", "r": [{"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}, {"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}], "hc": "wool; sheep; eye", "hk": "don", "hs": "I cannot resist doing this one for you, since it clearly describes <b>donning</b> (putting on) one's clothes as  \"pulling the <i>wool</i> over one's <i>eyes</i>. \"", "ks": "A pullover is <b>don</b> ned by pulling wool over your eyes.", "v": [{"w": "落ち着く", "rd": "おちつく", "mn": "to calm down; to compose oneself; to regain presence of mind; to relax", "fr": 465}, {"w": "着る", "rd": "きる", "mn": "to wear (from the shoulders down); to put on", "fr": 498}, {"w": "着く", "rd": "つく", "mn": "to arrive at; to reach", "fr": 1386}, {"w": "着替える", "rd": "きかえる", "mn": "to change (one's clothes)", "fr": 1398}, {"w": "到着", "rd": "とうちゃく", "mn": "arrival", "fr": 1628}, {"w": "下着", "rd": "したぎ", "mn": "underwear; undergarment; underclothes; lingerie", "fr": 3420}, {"w": "たどり着く", "rd": "たどりつく", "mn": "to (finally) arrive at; to reach (at last); to (manage to) get to; to find one's", "fr": 3500}, {"w": "落ち着いた", "rd": "おちついた", "mn": "calm; composed; cool", "fr": 3503}, {"w": "着ける", "rd": "つける", "mn": "to attach; to join; to connect; to add; to append; to affix; to stick; to glue; ", "fr": 3845}, {"w": "着替え", "rd": "きがえ", "mn": "changing clothes; change of clothes", "fr": 3974}, {"w": "決着", "rd": "けっちゃく", "mn": "conclusion; decision; end; settlement", "fr": 4593}, {"w": "水着", "rd": "みずぎ", "mn": "bathing suit; swimsuit; swimmers", "fr": 4706}, {"w": "着せる", "rd": "きせる", "mn": "to put clothes on (someone); to dress; to clothe", "fr": 4718}, {"w": "上着", "rd": "うわぎ", "mn": "coat; jacket; outerwear", "fr": 5105}, {"w": "辿り着く", "rd": "たどりつく", "mn": "to (finally) arrive at; to reach (at last); to (manage to) get to; to find one's", "fr": 5288}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 124, "rp": 61, "l": 11, "n": ""}}, {"k": "乗", "g": 3, "o": 327, "f": 377, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ、ショウ", "kun": "の.る、-の.り、の.せる", "m": "ride; power; multiplication; record; counter for vehicles; board; mount; join", "pm": "ride", "r": [{"c": "千", "nj": "セン", "ne": "thousand"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; silage", "hk": "ride", "hs": "The simplest way to remember this character is to find the sprig of <i>wheat</i> in it, hidden because it doubles up with one stroke of <i>silage</i>.", "ks": "It's a <i>hay</i> <b>ride</b>! You sit on piles of <i>silage</i> and everyone likes to imitate old-time farmers with a piece of <i>wheat</i> sticking out of their mouths.", "v": [{"w": "乗る", "rd": "のる", "mn": "to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to board; to take; to emba", "fr": 385}, {"w": "乗せる", "rd": "のせる", "mn": "to place on (something)", "fr": 1465}, {"w": "名乗る", "rd": "なのる", "mn": "to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as)", "fr": 1984}, {"w": "乗り越える", "rd": "のりこえる", "mn": "to climb over; to get over; to cross (a mountain)", "fr": 2143}, {"w": "乗り込む", "rd": "のりこむ", "mn": "to board (a train, plane, etc.); to get into (a car); to get on (a bus); to go o", "fr": 2906}, {"w": "乗り", "rd": "のり", "mn": "riding; ride", "fr": 4930}, {"w": "乗り切る", "rd": "のりきる", "mn": "to weather (a storm, rough seas); to ride across; to sail across", "fr": 5581}, {"w": "乗り気", "rd": "のりき", "mn": "interest; eagerness; enthusiasm", "fr": 7957}, {"w": "乗り出す", "rd": "のりだす", "mn": "to set out; to set sail", "fr": 9901}, {"w": "乗り物", "rd": "のりもの", "mn": "vehicle; conveyance; (means of) transport", "fr": 10420}, {"w": "乗り換える", "rd": "のりかえる", "mn": "to transfer (trains); to change (bus, train)", "fr": 11055}, {"w": "乗じる", "rd": "じょうじる", "mn": "to take advantage of; to follow blindly", "fr": 11299}, {"w": "乗客", "rd": "じょうきゃく", "mn": "passenger", "fr": 11624}, {"w": "名乗り出る", "rd": "なのりでる", "mn": "to introduce oneself; to announce oneself (e.g. as the person sought); to come f", "fr": 13778}, {"w": "便乗", "rd": "びんじょう", "mn": "taking advantage of (an opportunity); jumping on the bandwagon", "fr": 15625}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 202, "rp": 25, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "想", "g": 3, "o": 328, "f": 381, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、ソ", "kun": "おも.う", "m": "idea; thought; conception; think", "pm": "idea", "r": [{"c": "相", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "inter-"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "inter milan; inter; tree; wood; eye; heart", "hk": "concept", "hs": "To distinguish this kanji from that of the previous frame, focus on the sense of the \"con-\" in the word \" <b>concept</b>. \" Its elements are: <i>inter-</i> . . . <i>heart</i>.", "ks": "The <b>concept</b> of love is basically two <i>hearts</i> <i>inter</i> -acting as one.", "v": [{"w": "想像", "rd": "そうぞう", "mn": "imagination; supposition; guess", "fr": 786}, {"w": "予想", "rd": "よそう", "mn": "expectation; anticipation; prediction; forecast; conjecture", "fr": 1761}, {"w": "理想", "rd": "りそう", "mn": "ideal; ideals", "fr": 2224}, {"w": "感想", "rd": "かんそう", "mn": "impressions; thoughts; feelings; reactions", "fr": 2421}, {"w": "妄想", "rd": "もうそう", "mn": "delusion; wild idea; (wild) fancy; (ridiculous) fantasy", "fr": 3086}, {"w": "発想", "rd": "はっそう", "mn": "idea; conception", "fr": 3562}, {"w": "想定", "rd": "そうてい", "mn": "hypothesis; supposition; assumption; expectation; anticipation", "fr": 3672}, {"w": "予想外", "rd": "よそうがい", "mn": "unexpected; unforeseen; strange", "fr": 3842}, {"w": "可哀想", "rd": "かわいそう", "mn": "poor; pitiable; pathetic; pitiful", "fr": 5219}, {"w": "予想以上", "rd": "よそういじょう", "mn": "more than expected", "fr": 6713}, {"w": "幻想", "rd": "げんそう", "mn": "fantasy; illusion; vision; dream", "fr": 6962}, {"w": "思想", "rd": "しそう", "mn": "thought; idea; ideology", "fr": 8231}, {"w": "愛想", "rd": "あいそ", "mn": "amiability; friendliness; affability; sociability", "fr": 8306}, {"w": "連想", "rd": "れんそう", "mn": "association (of ideas); being reminded (of something); suggestion", "fr": 8561}, {"w": "想像力", "rd": "そうぞうりょく", "mn": "(power of) imagination", "fr": 8642}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 25, "rp": 48, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "病", "g": 3, "o": 329, "f": 384, "j": null, "on": "ビョウ、ヘイ", "kun": "や.む、-や.み、やまい", "m": "ill; sick", "pm": "ill", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "丙", "nj": "ヘイ", "ne": "third class"}], "hc": "sickness; hospital; third class; one; ceiling; inside", "hk": "ill", "hs": "Sickness . . . third class.", "ks": "If you hang around a third class hospital, you'll get ill with the sickness everyone else has.", "v": [{"w": "病院", "rd": "びょういん", "mn": "hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary", "fr": 1106}, {"w": "病気", "rd": "びょうき", "mn": "illness (usu. excluding minor ailments, e.g. common cold); disease; sickness", "fr": 1409}, {"w": "病", "rd": "やまい", "mn": "illness; disease", "fr": 4538}, {"w": "臆病", "rd": "おくびょう", "mn": "cowardly; timid; easily frightened", "fr": 5482}, {"w": "看病", "rd": "かんびょう", "mn": "nursing (a patient)", "fr": 6669}, {"w": "病室", "rd": "びょうしつ", "mn": "sickroom; hospital room; ward", "fr": 7322}, {"w": "病人", "rd": "びょうにん", "mn": "sick person; patient; invalid", "fr": 7500}, {"w": "臆病者", "rd": "おくびょうもの", "mn": "coward; wimp", "fr": 11643}, {"w": "病む", "rd": "やむ", "mn": "to fall ill", "fr": 12859}, {"w": "病状", "rd": "びょうじょう", "mn": "condition of a patient; state of a disease; pathology", "fr": 17208}, {"w": "持病", "rd": "じびょう", "mn": "chronic disease; chronic illness; old complaint", "fr": 17529}, {"w": "病弱", "rd": "びょうじゃく", "mn": "weak (constitution); sickly; feeble; in poor health", "fr": 18401}, {"w": "病死", "rd": "びょうし", "mn": "death from disease; death from illness", "fr": 18828}, {"w": "病棟", "rd": "びょうとう", "mn": "(hospital) ward", "fr": 23805}, {"w": "疫病", "rd": "えきびょう", "mn": "epidemic; plague; pestilence", "fr": 24825}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 167, "rp": 59, "l": 13, "n": ""}}, {"k": "農", "g": 3, "o": 330, "f": 385, "j": null, "on": "ノウ", "kun": "", "m": "agriculture; farmers", "pm": "agriculture", "r": [{"c": "曲", "nj": "キョク", "ne": "bend"}, {"c": "辰", "nj": "しんのたつ", "ne": "Fifth zodiac sign"}], "hc": "bend; sign of the dragon; cliff; two; hairpin; safety-pin", "hk": "agriculture", "hs": "Bend . . . sign of the dragon.", "ks": "Bruce Lee is tough. But so is agricultural work. If Bruce took it up, even he would hurt his back from all the bending.", "v": [{"w": "農家", "rd": "のうか", "mn": "farmer; farming family", "fr": 12207}, {"w": "農業", "rd": "のうぎょう", "mn": "agriculture; farming", "fr": 16101}, {"w": "農民", "rd": "のうみん", "mn": "farmer; peasant", "fr": 23319}, {"w": "農地", "rd": "のうち", "mn": "agricultural land; farmland", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "農場", "rd": "のうじょう", "mn": "farm (agriculture)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "農村", "rd": "のうそん", "mn": "agricultural community; farm village", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "農産物", "rd": "のうさんぶつ", "mn": "agricultural produce", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "農耕", "rd": "のうこう", "mn": "farming; agriculture; cultivation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "農薬", "rd": "のうやく", "mn": "agricultural chemical; agrochemical; agrichemical", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "酪農", "rd": "らくのう", "mn": "dairy farming", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "営農", "rd": "えいのう", "mn": "farming; agriculture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "農", "rd": "のう", "mn": "farming; agriculture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "農作業", "rd": "のうさぎょう", "mn": "farmwork", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "農作物", "rd": "のうさくぶつ", "mn": "crops; agricultural produce", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "農協", "rd": "のうきょう", "mn": "agricultural cooperative", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 87, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "州", "g": 3, "o": 331, "f": 386, "j": null, "on": "シュウ、ス", "kun": "す", "m": "state; province", "pm": "state", "r": [{"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}, {"c": "川", "nj": "さんぼんがわ", "ne": "river"}], "hc": "stream; flood; drops", "hk": "state", "hs": "Here we see <i>drops of</i> land (little islets) rising up out of a <i>stream</i> , creating a kind of sandbar or breakwater. Ever wonder how the <b>state</b> -line is drawn between <b>states</b> separated by a river? If there were little <i>drops of</i> land as in the kanji, there'd be nothing to it.", "ks": "All powerful STATE S grew from a few small settlements along RIVER.", "v": [{"w": "九州", "rd": "きゅうしゅう", "mn": "Kyūshū (southernmost of the four main islands of Japan)", "fr": 13098}, {"w": "州", "rd": "しゅう", "mn": "state (of the US, Australia, India, Germany, etc.); province (e.g. of Canada); c", "fr": 13311}, {"w": "北九州", "rd": "きたきゅうしゅう", "mn": "Kitakyushu (city)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "州政府", "rd": "しゅうせいふ", "mn": "state government", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "州都", "rd": "しゅうと", "mn": "state capital; provincial capital; county town", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "広州", "rd": "こうしゅう", "mn": "Guangzhou (China); Canton", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "欧州", "rd": "おうしゅう", "mn": "Europe", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "沿海州", "rd": "えんかいしゅう", "mn": "Primorskaya Oblast (Russia)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 147, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "待", "g": 3, "o": 332, "f": 391, "j": null, "on": "タイ", "kun": "ま.つ、-ま.ち", "m": "wait; depend on", "pm": "wait", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "寺", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "Buddhist temple"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; Buddhist temple; soil; dirt; ground; glue", "hk": "wait", "hs": "Line . . . Buddhist temple.", "ks": "A <i>line</i> queued up outside the <i>Buddhist temple</i> , <b>waiting</b> to see the shrine on New Year's Day.", "v": [{"w": "待つ", "rd": "まつ", "mn": "to wait", "fr": 83}, {"w": "期待", "rd": "きたい", "mn": "expectation; anticipation; hope", "fr": 711}, {"w": "待たせる", "rd": "またせる", "mn": "to keep (a person) waiting", "fr": 893}, {"w": "お待たせしました", "rd": "おまたせしました", "mn": "thank you for waiting; sorry to have kept you waiting", "fr": 1853}, {"w": "待ち", "rd": "まち", "mn": "waiting; waiting time", "fr": 2626}, {"w": "待機", "rd": "たいき", "mn": "standing by; awaiting an opportunity; being on alert", "fr": 3147}, {"w": "招待", "rd": "しょうたい", "mn": "invitation", "fr": 4153}, {"w": "待ち合わせ", "rd": "まちあわせ", "mn": "appointment", "fr": 4992}, {"w": "待ち受ける", "rd": "まちうける", "mn": "to await; to wait for; to expect", "fr": 5964}, {"w": "待ち構える", "rd": "まちかまえる", "mn": "to lie in wait (for); to be on the watch (for); to wait (for); to watch (for)", "fr": 7046}, {"w": "待ち伏せ", "rd": "まちぶせ", "mn": "ambush; lying in wait for an ambush", "fr": 7619}, {"w": "待ち合わせる", "rd": "まちあわせる", "mn": "to rendezvous; to meet at a prearranged place and time; to arrange to meet", "fr": 7757}, {"w": "待たす", "rd": "またす", "mn": "to keep (a person) waiting", "fr": 9862}, {"w": "待ち望む", "rd": "まちのぞむ", "mn": "to wait eagerly for; to look forward to", "fr": 10142}, {"w": "お待ちかね", "rd": "おまちかね", "mn": "long-awaited; long-waited-for", "fr": 10436}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 78, "rp": 66, "l": 12, "n": ""}}, {"k": "族", "g": 3, "o": 333, "f": 393, "j": null, "on": "ゾク", "kun": "", "m": "tribe; family", "pm": "tribe", "r": [{"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}, {"c": "矢", "nj": "や", "ne": "arrow"}], "hc": "banner; direction; compass; direction; reclining; lying down; dart; drop; heavens", "hk": "tribe", "hs": "Banner . . . dart.", "ks": "TRIBE S in Japan either have BANNERS (samurai) or poisoned DARTS (ninja).", "v": [{"w": "家族", "rd": "かぞく", "mn": "family", "fr": 526}, {"w": "一族", "rd": "いちぞく", "mn": "family; relatives; dependents", "fr": 4554}, {"w": "貴族", "rd": "きぞく", "mn": "nobility; aristocracy; peerage", "fr": 6086}, {"w": "族", "rd": "ぞく", "mn": "tribe; race; people; family", "fr": 6900}, {"w": "種族", "rd": "しゅぞく", "mn": "race; tribe; ethnic group", "fr": 8630}, {"w": "親族", "rd": "しんぞく", "mn": "relative; relation; kin", "fr": 9723}, {"w": "王族", "rd": "おうぞく", "mn": "royalty; royal family", "fr": 12662}, {"w": "水族館", "rd": "すいぞくかん", "mn": "aquarium (building)", "fr": 14031}, {"w": "遺族", "rd": "いぞく", "mn": "bereaved family; surviving family; family of the deceased", "fr": 15390}, {"w": "民族", "rd": "みんぞく", "mn": "people; race; nation; ethnic group; ethnos", "fr": 15784}, {"w": "部族", "rd": "ぶぞく", "mn": "tribe", "fr": 22902}, {"w": "大家族", "rd": "だいかぞく", "mn": "large family", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "家族計画", "rd": "かぞくけいかく", "mn": "family planning", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核家族", "rd": "かくかぞく", "mn": "nuclear family", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "氏族", "rd": "しぞく", "mn": "clan; family", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 112, "rp": 47, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "銀", "g": 3, "o": 334, "f": 395, "j": null, "on": "ギン", "kun": "しろがね", "m": "silver", "pm": "silver", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}], "hc": "metal; gold", "hk": "silver", "hs": "Metal . . . silver.", "ks": "Like gold , silver is a metal.", "v": [{"w": "銀", "rd": "ぎん", "mn": "silver (Ag)", "fr": 4588}, {"w": "銀行", "rd": "ぎんこう", "mn": "bank; banking institution", "fr": 5979}, {"w": "銀色", "rd": "ぎんいろ", "mn": "silver (color, colour)", "fr": 8238}, {"w": "銀座", "rd": "ぎんざ", "mn": "Ginza (district in Tokyo)", "fr": 15816}, {"w": "銀河", "rd": "ぎんが", "mn": "Milky Way", "fr": 15899}, {"w": "ゆうちょ銀行", "rd": "ゆうちょぎんこう", "mn": "JP Bank (former Postal Savings Bank, created when the Postal Services were priva", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "世界銀行", "rd": "せかいぎんこう", "mn": "World Bank", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "世銀", "rd": "せぎん", "mn": "World Bank", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "日本銀行", "rd": "にっぽんぎんこう", "mn": "Bank of Japan; BOJ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "水銀", "rd": "すいぎん", "mn": "mercury (Hg)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "相互銀行", "rd": "そうごぎんこう", "mn": "mutual savings bank", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "輸銀", "rd": "ゆぎん", "mn": "import-export bank", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "銀杯", "rd": "ぎんぱい", "mn": "silver cup", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "銀紙", "rd": "ぎんがみ", "mn": "aluminum foil; aluminium foil; tinfoil; silver paper", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "銀貨", "rd": "ぎんか", "mn": "silver coin", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 77, "rp": 43, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "助", "g": 3, "o": 335, "f": 397, "j": null, "on": "ジョ", "kun": "たす.ける、たす.かる、す.ける、すけ", "m": "help; rescue; assist", "pm": "help", "r": [{"c": "且", "nj": "ショ", "ne": "moreover"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "shelf; my bookshelves; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "help", "hs": "<i>Shelf</i> . . . <i>power</i>. The reason why the <i>shelf</i> appears on the left here is that the right side is the normal position for power, the stronger primitive. Indeed, the only exception in all the kanji is the character for <i>add</i> (Frame 932).", "ks": "<b>HELP</b>! Someone's pinned under this bookshelf and it's gonna take a lot of muscle to lift it off!", "v": [{"w": "助ける", "rd": "たすける", "mn": "to save; to rescue; to spare", "fr": 264}, {"w": "助かる", "rd": "たすかる", "mn": "to be saved; to be rescued; to survive", "fr": 530}, {"w": "助け", "rd": "たすけ", "mn": "assistance; help; aid; support; reinforcement", "fr": 3840}, {"w": "手助け", "rd": "てだすけ", "mn": "a help; assistance", "fr": 4704}, {"w": "助言", "rd": "じょげん", "mn": "advice; counsel; suggestion; tip; hint", "fr": 6487}, {"w": "助手", "rd": "じょしゅ", "mn": "assistant; helper", "fr": 8014}, {"w": "助け合う", "rd": "たすけあう", "mn": "to help each other; to cooperate", "fr": 9091}, {"w": "援助", "rd": "えんじょ", "mn": "assistance; aid; support", "fr": 9538}, {"w": "補助", "rd": "ほじょ", "mn": "assistance; support; help; aid", "fr": 9769}, {"w": "救助", "rd": "きゅうじょ", "mn": "relief; aid; rescue", "fr": 9962}, {"w": "助力", "rd": "じょりょく", "mn": "assistance; support", "fr": 13444}, {"w": "助教授", "rd": "じょきょうじゅ", "mn": "assistant professor; associate professor", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "助詞", "rd": "じょし", "mn": "particle", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一助", "rd": "いちじょ", "mn": "(some small) help; an aid; some assistance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "互助", "rd": "ごじょ", "mn": "mutual aid; cooperation; benefit", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 125, "rp": 37, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "追", "g": 3, "o": 336, "f": 411, "j": null, "on": "ツイ", "kun": "お.う", "m": "chase; drive away; follow; pursue; meanwhile", "pm": "chase", "r": [{"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "maestro; road", "hk": "chase", "hs": "Maestro . . . road.", "ks": "<i>Maestro</i> , coattails flapping wildly, is being <b>chase</b> d down the <i>road</i> by his fans.", "v": [{"w": "追う", "rd": "おう", "mn": "to chase; to run after; to pursue; to follow after", "fr": 790}, {"w": "追いかける", "rd": "おいかける", "mn": "to chase; to run after; to pursue", "fr": 1387}, {"w": "追いつく", "rd": "おいつく", "mn": "to catch up (with); to draw level; to pull even; to reach", "fr": 2006}, {"w": "追い出す", "rd": "おいだす", "mn": "to expel; to drive out", "fr": 2471}, {"w": "追加", "rd": "ついか", "mn": "addition; supplement; appending; appendix", "fr": 2585}, {"w": "追い込む", "rd": "おいこむ", "mn": "to herd; to drive; to chase; to corral", "fr": 3349}, {"w": "追跡", "rd": "ついせき", "mn": "chase; pursuit; tracking; stalking", "fr": 6268}, {"w": "追及", "rd": "ついきゅう", "mn": "investigation (e.g. into someone's guilt); questioning; pressing; hounding; pinn", "fr": 6748}, {"w": "追求", "rd": "ついきゅう", "mn": "pursuit (of a goal, ideal, etc.); search; chase; seeking after", "fr": 6751}, {"w": "追っかける", "rd": "おっかける", "mn": "to chase; to run after; to pursue", "fr": 7951}, {"w": "追放", "rd": "ついほう", "mn": "exile; banishment; eviction; deportation; purge; expulsion; ousting", "fr": 8548}, {"w": "追撃", "rd": "ついげき", "mn": "pursuit (of a fleeing enemy); chase; follow-up attack", "fr": 9989}, {"w": "追い抜く", "rd": "おいぬく", "mn": "to pass (a car); to overtake", "fr": 11677}, {"w": "追い越す", "rd": "おいこす", "mn": "to pass (e.g. car); to overtake", "fr": 11928}, {"w": "追い付く", "rd": "おいつく", "mn": "to catch up (with); to draw level; to pull even; to reach", "fr": 18367}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 381, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": "追う 迎える"}}, {"k": "商", "g": 3, "o": 337, "f": 413, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "あきな.う", "m": "make a deal; selling; dealing in; merchant", "pm": "make a deal", "r": [{"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}, {"c": "冏", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "light"}], "hc": "vase; stand up; alien; hood; human legs; mouth", "hk": "make a deal", "hs": "See the peddlar <i>standing</i> atop his <i>motorcycle helmet</i> as if it were a soapbox, hawking his wares to passersby. The <i>legs</i> and <i>mouth</i> represent the tools of the trade of <b>making a deal</b> any way you can.", "ks": "Four loud mouths trying to make a deal on a vase.", "v": [{"w": "商品", "rd": "しょうひん", "mn": "commodity; article of commerce; goods; stock; merchandise", "fr": 3070}, {"w": "商売", "rd": "しょうばい", "mn": "trade; business; commerce", "fr": 3154}, {"w": "商店街", "rd": "しょうてんがい", "mn": "shopping district; shopping street; downtown", "fr": 6313}, {"w": "商人", "rd": "しょうにん", "mn": "merchant; trader; tradesman; dealer; shopkeeper", "fr": 9637}, {"w": "商店", "rd": "しょうてん", "mn": "shop; store; firm", "fr": 13853}, {"w": "商", "rd": "しょう", "mn": "quotient", "fr": 16095}, {"w": "商業", "rd": "しょうぎょう", "mn": "commerce; trade; business", "fr": 17056}, {"w": "商談", "rd": "しょうだん", "mn": "business discussion; negotiation", "fr": 17776}, {"w": "新商品", "rd": "しんしょうひん", "mn": "new product", "fr": 19214}, {"w": "商会", "rd": "しょうかい", "mn": "firm; company", "fr": 21186}, {"w": "商い", "rd": "あきない", "mn": "trade; business; trading; dealing", "fr": 24392}, {"w": "商社", "rd": "しょうしゃ", "mn": "trading company", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "商事", "rd": "しょうじ", "mn": "commercial affairs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "商務", "rd": "しょうむ", "mn": "commercial affairs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "商品券", "rd": "しょうひんけん", "mn": "gift certificate", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 125, "rp": 40, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "葉", "g": 3, "o": 338, "f": 414, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "は", "m": "leaf; plane; lobe; needle; blade; spear; counter for flat things; fragment; piece", "pm": "leaf", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "枼", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "table"}], "hc": "flowers; Tarzan; generation; tree; wood", "hk": "leaf", "hs": "Three elements are given here: <i>flower</i> . . . <i>generation</i> . . . <i>tree</i>. The first and last seem logical enough, since it is the <b>leaf</b> that feeds the <i>flowers</i> on a <i>tree</i>. The element for <i>generation</i> interposed between the two suggests that the movement of a <i>tree</i> from one <i>generation</i> to the next is like its  \"turning over a new <b>leaf</b>. \"", "ks": "On top of the <b>leaves</b> a <i>flower</i> appears, promising new <i>generations</i> for the old <i>tree</i> below.", "v": [{"w": "言葉", "rd": "ことば", "mn": "language; dialect", "fr": 252}, {"w": "葉", "rd": "は", "mn": "leaf; blade (of grass); (pine) needle; frond; foliage", "fr": 4508}, {"w": "言葉遣い", "rd": "ことばづかい", "mn": "speech; expression; wording; language", "fr": 8465}, {"w": "葉っぱ", "rd": "はっぱ", "mn": "leaf; blade (of grass); (pine) needle", "fr": 9221}, {"w": "紅葉", "rd": "こうよう", "mn": "leaves turning red (in autumn); red leaves; autumn colours; fall colors", "fr": 14848}, {"w": "千葉", "rd": "ちば", "mn": "Chiba (city, prefecture)", "fr": 15271}, {"w": "木の葉", "rd": "このは", "mn": "leaf (of a tree); tree leaves; foliage", "fr": 17008}, {"w": "落ち葉", "rd": "おちば", "mn": "fallen leaves; leaf litter; falling leaves", "fr": 20396}, {"w": "根掘り葉掘り", "rd": "ねほりはほり", "mn": "inquisitively; pryingly; nosily; thoroughly; persistently; through-and-through", "fr": 20479}, {"w": "合言葉", "rd": "あいことば", "mn": "password; watchword", "fr": 23994}, {"w": "葉書", "rd": "はがき", "mn": "postcard", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "双葉", "rd": "ふたば", "mn": "seed leaves (of a dicot); cotyledons; bud; sprout", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "広葉樹", "rd": "こうようじゅ", "mn": "broadleaf tree; broad-leaved tree", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "書き言葉", "rd": "かきことば", "mn": "written word; written language", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "枝葉", "rd": "えだは", "mn": "branches and leaves; foliage", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 778, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "落", "g": 3, "o": 339, "f": 420, "j": null, "on": "ラク", "kun": "お.ちる、お.ち、お.とす", "m": "fall; drop; come down; village; hamlet", "pm": "fall", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "洛", "nj": "ラク", "ne": "Kyoto"}], "hc": "flowers; water; water droplets; water pistol; each; walking legs; mouth", "hk": "fall", "hs": "When <i>water</i> <b>falls</b> , it splats and splashes, when <i>flower</i> petals <b>fall</b> , they float gently in the breeze. To <i>each</i> thing its own way of <b>falling</b>.", "ks": "Water each flower or the petals will wither and <b>fall</b>.", "v": [{"w": "落ちる", "rd": "おちる", "mn": "to fall; to drop; to come down; to crash; to collapse; to cave in; to give way", "fr": 401}, {"w": "落ち着く", "rd": "おちつく", "mn": "to calm down; to compose oneself; to regain presence of mind; to relax", "fr": 465}, {"w": "落とす", "rd": "おとす", "mn": "to drop; to lose; to let fall; to shed (light); to cast (one's gaze); to pour in", "fr": 759}, {"w": "落ち込む", "rd": "おちこむ", "mn": "to feel down; to feel sad; to be depressed; to be in low spirits", "fr": 2054}, {"w": "落ち着いた", "rd": "おちついた", "mn": "calm; composed; cool", "fr": 3503}, {"w": "落下", "rd": "らっか", "mn": "fall; drop; descent; coming down", "fr": 4947}, {"w": "落ち着き", "rd": "おちつき", "mn": "calmness; composure; presence of mind", "fr": 5326}, {"w": "落胆", "rd": "らくたん", "mn": "discouragement; despondency; dejection; disappointment", "fr": 8574}, {"w": "見落とす", "rd": "みおとす", "mn": "to overlook; to fail to notice; to miss (seeing)", "fr": 8794}, {"w": "落書き", "rd": "らくがき", "mn": "scrawl; scribble; graffiti; doodle", "fr": 9121}, {"w": "一段落", "rd": "いちだんらく", "mn": "reaching a stopping place; settling down (before the next stage); getting to a p", "fr": 9304}, {"w": "転落", "rd": "てんらく", "mn": "fall; tumble; spill; plunge; dive", "fr": 10845}, {"w": "落ち合う", "rd": "おちあう", "mn": "to meet up (as arranged); to rendezvous; to get together", "fr": 12495}, {"w": "墜落", "rd": "ついらく", "mn": "fall; crash (of an aircraft)", "fr": 12618}, {"w": "落ち度", "rd": "おちど", "mn": "mistake; error; fault; slip; blunder; omission; oversight; lapse", "fr": 12743}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 48, "rp": 42, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "医", "g": 3, "o": 340, "f": 437, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "い.やす、い.する、くすし", "m": "doctor; medicine", "pm": "doctor", "r": [{"c": "匸", "nj": "かくしがまえ", "ne": "to conceal"}, {"c": "矢", "nj": "や", "ne": "arrow"}], "hc": "box; dart; drop; heavens", "hk": "doctor", "hs": "Box . . . dart.", "ks": "The <b>doctor</b> puts the <i>cardboard box</i> on his head and throws a <i>dart</i> at a chart to determine his patients' illnesses.", "v": [{"w": "医者", "rd": "いしゃ", "mn": "doctor; physician", "fr": 2227}, {"w": "医師", "rd": "いし", "mn": "doctor; physician", "fr": 5798}, {"w": "お医者さん", "rd": "おいしゃさん", "mn": "doctor", "fr": 6888}, {"w": "医療", "rd": "いりょう", "mn": "medical treatment; medical care", "fr": 7551}, {"w": "医学", "rd": "いがく", "mn": "medicine; medical science", "fr": 13704}, {"w": "医", "rd": "い", "mn": "medicine; the healing art; healing; curing", "fr": 19287}, {"w": "主治医", "rd": "しゅじい", "mn": "doctor chiefly responsible for a patient's care; doctor in charge (of a patient)", "fr": 22687}, {"w": "歯医者", "rd": "はいしゃ", "mn": "dentist", "fr": 23143}, {"w": "医学部", "rd": "いがくぶ", "mn": "faculty of medicine; college of medicine; department of medicine; school of medi", "fr": 24860}, {"w": "侍医", "rd": "じい", "mn": "court physician", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "医大", "rd": "いだい", "mn": "medical university; medical college; medical school", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "医局", "rd": "いきょく", "mn": "medical office (esp. in a hospital); doctor's office", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "医師会", "rd": "いしかい", "mn": "medical association", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "医科", "rd": "いか", "mn": "medical science; medical department", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "医科学", "rd": "いかがく", "mn": "medical science", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 164, "rp": 51, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "仕", "g": 3, "o": 341, "f": 439, "j": null, "on": "シ、ジ", "kun": "つか.える", "m": "attend; doing; official; serve", "pm": "attend", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "士", "nj": "さむらい", "ne": "man"}], "hc": "person; samurai", "hk": "attend", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>samurai</i>. The key word means to wait on someone or serve them.", "ks": "Back in the day, a <i>person</i> who stands beside a <i>samurai</i> is usually <b>attend</b> ing to them or <b>work</b> ing for them.", "v": [{"w": "仕手", "rd": "して", "mn": "doer; performer", "fr": 94}, {"w": "仕事", "rd": "しごと", "mn": "work; job; labor; labour; business; task; assignment; occupation; employment", "fr": 210}, {"w": "仕方ない", "rd": "しかたない", "mn": "there's no (other) way", "fr": 1357}, {"w": "仕掛ける", "rd": "しかける", "mn": "to start; to begin; to commence", "fr": 2019}, {"w": "仕業", "rd": "しわざ", "mn": "deed (esp. negative); act; action; one's doing; one's work", "fr": 2883}, {"w": "仕方", "rd": "しかた", "mn": "way; method; means; resource; course", "fr": 3088}, {"w": "仕方がない", "rd": "しかたがない", "mn": "there's no (other) way", "fr": 3533}, {"w": "仕組み", "rd": "しくみ", "mn": "structure; construction; arrangement; contrivance; mechanism; workings", "fr": 4741}, {"w": "仕掛け", "rd": "しかけ", "mn": "device; contrivance; mechanism; gadget", "fr": 4767}, {"w": "仕事中", "rd": "しごとちゅう", "mn": "at work; in the midst of work; working", "fr": 4785}, {"w": "仕える", "rd": "つかえる", "mn": "to serve; to work for; to attend", "fr": 4912}, {"w": "仕草", "rd": "しぐさ", "mn": "gesture; movement; action; behavior; behaviour; bearing; mannerism", "fr": 5254}, {"w": "仕上げる", "rd": "しあげる", "mn": "to finish up; to complete; to finish off; to get through; to polish off", "fr": 5901}, {"w": "仕入れる", "rd": "しいれる", "mn": "to buy (stock, materials, etc.); to purchase; to lay in; to stock; to procure", "fr": 6159}, {"w": "仕上げ", "rd": "しあげ", "mn": "finish; finishing; finishing touches", "fr": 6624}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 66, "rp": 49, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "去", "g": 3, "o": 342, "f": 440, "j": null, "on": "キョ、コ", "kun": "さ.る、-さ.る", "m": "gone; past; quit; leave; elapse; eliminate; divorce", "pm": "gone", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; elbow", "hk": "gone", "hs": "Soil . . . elbow.", "ks": "\"Going, going, <b>GONE</b>!\", said the gravedigger as he shoveled <i>soil</i> onto the body's protruding <i>elbow</i> (the last bit left to cover).", "v": [{"w": "過去", "rd": "かこ", "mn": "the past; bygone days", "fr": 934}, {"w": "去る", "rd": "さる", "mn": "to leave; to go away", "fr": 1597}, {"w": "去年", "rd": "きょねん", "mn": "last year", "fr": 1934}, {"w": "立ち去る", "rd": "たちさる", "mn": "to leave; to depart; to take one's leave", "fr": 3959}, {"w": "連れ去る", "rd": "つれさる", "mn": "to take (someone) away; to carry off; to abduct; to kidnap", "fr": 6188}, {"w": "置き去り", "rd": "おきざり", "mn": "leaving behind; desertion; abandonment", "fr": 6714}, {"w": "消去", "rd": "しょうきょ", "mn": "erasure; deletion; elimination; clearing", "fr": 9858}, {"w": "撤去", "rd": "てっきょ", "mn": "removal; taking away; dismantling (a building, facilities, etc.); withdrawal (of", "fr": 16507}, {"w": "除去", "rd": "じょきょ", "mn": "removal; getting rid of", "fr": 19351}, {"w": "退去", "rd": "たいきょ", "mn": "departure; leaving; going away; evacuation", "fr": 19457}, {"w": "去就", "rd": "きょしゅう", "mn": "leaving or staying", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "去来", "rd": "きょらい", "mn": "coming and going; recurring (esp. thoughts)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "死去", "rd": "しきょ", "mn": "death; decease; passing away", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "逝去", "rd": "せいきょ", "mn": "death; passing", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 209, "rp": 37, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "味", "g": 3, "o": 343, "f": 442, "j": null, "on": "ミ", "kun": "あじ、あじ.わう", "m": "flavor; taste", "pm": "flavor", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "未", "nj": "ミ", "ne": "un-"}], "hc": "mouth; not yet; one; tree; wood", "hk": "flavor", "hs": "When a tree has <i>not yet</i> finished growing, it produces fruit with a full <b>flavor</b>. When the official taster (the professional <i>mouth</i> to the left) determines that full flavor has been reached, the tree is pruned back so that it remains permanently <i>not yet</i> grown. A neat little agricultural trick and an easy to way see the sense of <b>flavor</b> hidden in this character.", "ks": "My <i>mouth</i> has <i>not yet</i> swallowed the food because the <b>flavor</b> is so delicious that I keep chewing it.", "v": [{"w": "意味", "rd": "いみ", "mn": "meaning; significance; sense", "fr": 278}, {"w": "興味", "rd": "きょうみ", "mn": "interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)", "fr": 862}, {"w": "味", "rd": "あじ", "mn": "flavor; flavour; taste", "fr": 993}, {"w": "味方", "rd": "みかた", "mn": "friend; ally; supporter", "fr": 1262}, {"w": "趣味", "rd": "しゅみ", "mn": "hobby; pastime", "fr": 1296}, {"w": "味わう", "rd": "あじわう", "mn": "to taste; to savor; to savour; to relish", "fr": 1702}, {"w": "美味しい", "rd": "おいしい", "mn": "good(-tasting); nice; delicious; tasty", "fr": 3021}, {"w": "地味", "rd": "じみ", "mn": "plain; simple; subdued; sober", "fr": 3167}, {"w": "不気味", "rd": "ぶきみ", "mn": "weird; eerie; ominous; creepy; uncanny; unearthly", "fr": 3664}, {"w": "無意味", "rd": "むいみ", "mn": "nonsense; no meaning; meaningless", "fr": 3764}, {"w": "気味", "rd": "きみ", "mn": "sensation; feeling", "fr": 3803}, {"w": "興味深い", "rd": "きょうみぶかい", "mn": "very interesting; of great interest", "fr": 3925}, {"w": "美味い", "rd": "うまい", "mn": "skillful; skilful; skilled; good; expert; clever (expression, trick, etc.); apt;", "fr": 6117}, {"w": "興味津々", "rd": "きょうみしんしん", "mn": "very interesting; of absorbing interest; having a keen interest (in); being imme", "fr": 8409}, {"w": "味付け", "rd": "あじつけ", "mn": "seasoning; flavour; flavor", "fr": 8925}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 234, "rp": 50, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "負", "g": 3, "o": 344, "f": 443, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "ま.ける、ま.かす、お.う", "m": "defeat; negative; -; minus; bear; owe; assume a responsibility", "pm": "defeat", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "bound up; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "defeat", "hs": "Above we have the condensed form of <i>bound up</i> , and below the familiar <i>shellfish</i>. Now imagine two <i>oysters</i> engaged in <i>shell</i> -to- <i>shell</i> combat, the one who is <b>defeated</b> being <i>bound and gagged</i> with seaweed, the victor towering triumphantly over it. The <i>bound shellfish</i> thus becomes the symbol for <b>defeat</b>.", "ks": "<i>Tied up</i> , the <i>shellfish</i> had to accept <b>defeat</b>!", "v": [{"w": "負ける", "rd": "まける", "mn": "to lose; to be defeated; to be beaten", "fr": 459}, {"w": "勝負", "rd": "しょうぶ", "mn": "victory or defeat", "fr": 990}, {"w": "背負う", "rd": "せおう", "mn": "to carry on one's back", "fr": 1665}, {"w": "負け", "rd": "まけ", "mn": "defeat; loss; losing (a game)", "fr": 2161}, {"w": "負う", "rd": "おう", "mn": "to carry on one's back; to bear; to shoulder", "fr": 2845}, {"w": "負担", "rd": "ふたん", "mn": "burden; load; responsibility", "fr": 3105}, {"w": "負傷", "rd": "ふしょう", "mn": "injury; wound", "fr": 8070}, {"w": "自負", "rd": "じふ", "mn": "pride; self-confidence; thinking highly of oneself; being proud of one's abiliti", "fr": 10457}, {"w": "請け負う", "rd": "うけおう", "mn": "to contract (to do); to undertake; to take on (work)", "fr": 10879}, {"w": "負荷", "rd": "ふか", "mn": "burdening; bearing; shouldering; imposing", "fr": 11182}, {"w": "負け犬", "rd": "まけいぬ", "mn": "loser; failure; underdog; unsuccessful person; non-achiever", "fr": 11429}, {"w": "負", "rd": "ふ", "mn": "negative; minus", "fr": 11689}, {"w": "勝ち負け", "rd": "かちまけ", "mn": "victory or defeat; victory and defeat", "fr": 11997}, {"w": "負い目", "rd": "おいめ", "mn": "(feeling of) indebtedness; feeling obliged", "fr": 13640}, {"w": "負かす", "rd": "まかす", "mn": "to defeat", "fr": 16809}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 396, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "写", "g": 3, "o": 345, "f": 453, "j": null, "on": "シャ、ジャ", "kun": "うつ.す、うつ.る、うつ-、うつ.し", "m": "copy; be photographed; describe", "pm": "copy", "r": [{"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "与", "nj": "ヨ", "ne": "bestow"}], "hc": "crown; bestow; slingshot; catapult; one", "hk": "copy", "hs": "Crown . . . bestow.", "ks": "A <i>crown</i> was <i>bestowed</i> to the British royalty museum, but it was only a <b>copy</b>.", "v": [{"w": "写真", "rd": "しゃしん", "mn": "photograph; photo; picture; photography", "fr": 760}, {"w": "写る", "rd": "うつる", "mn": "to be photographed; to be projected", "fr": 4423}, {"w": "写す", "rd": "うつす", "mn": "to copy; to duplicate; to reproduce; to trace; to transcribe", "fr": 9354}, {"w": "描写", "rd": "びょうしゃ", "mn": "depiction; description; portrayal", "fr": 12163}, {"w": "写し", "rd": "うつし", "mn": "copy; duplicate; facsimile; transcript", "fr": 18605}, {"w": "写真集", "rd": "しゃしんしゅう", "mn": "photo book (esp. one featuring photos of female celebrities, models); photobook", "fr": 20975}, {"w": "複写", "rd": "ふくしゃ", "mn": "copying; duplication; reproduction; copy", "fr": 20980}, {"w": "写生", "rd": "しゃせい", "mn": "sketching; drawing from nature; portrayal; description", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "写真家", "rd": "しゃしんか", "mn": "photographer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "写真撮影", "rd": "しゃしんさつえい", "mn": "photography; taking photographs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "被写体", "rd": "ひしゃたい", "mn": "(photographic) subject", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "試写", "rd": "ししゃ", "mn": "preview; private showing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "青写真", "rd": "あおじゃしん", "mn": "blueprint; cyanotype", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 72, "rp": 30, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "守", "g": 3, "o": 346, "f": 457, "j": null, "on": "シュ、ス", "kun": "まも.る、まも.り、もり、-もり、かみ", "m": "guard; protect; defend; obey", "pm": "guard", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "house; glue", "hk": "guard", "hs": "The notion of <b>guarding</b> something easily brings to mind the image of someone standing <b>guard</b> , like the royal soldiers in front of Buckingham Palace or the Pope's Swiss <b>Guard</b>. The whole idea of hiring <b>guards</b> is that they should stick like <i>glue</i> to your <i>house</i> to protect it from unwanted prowlers. So go ahead and <i>glue</i> a <b>guard</b> to your <i>house</i> in imagination.", "ks": "A <b>GUARD</b> is usually \"glued\" to the house he watches.", "v": [{"w": "守る", "rd": "まもる", "mn": "to protect; to guard; to defend", "fr": 296}, {"w": "見守る", "rd": "みまもる", "mn": "to watch over; to keep watch over; to keep an eye on", "fr": 1782}, {"w": "留守", "rd": "るす", "mn": "absence; being away from home", "fr": 3581}, {"w": "お守り", "rd": "おまもり", "mn": "charm; amulet; talisman", "fr": 4123}, {"w": "留守番", "rd": "るすばん", "mn": "care-taking; house-sitting; house-watching; staying at home", "fr": 5267}, {"w": "守り", "rd": "まもり", "mn": "protection; defense; defence", "fr": 6388}, {"w": "守備", "rd": "しゅび", "mn": "defense; defence", "fr": 16894}, {"w": "攻守", "rd": "こうしゅ", "mn": "offense and defense; offence and defence; batting and fielding", "fr": 23358}, {"w": "看守", "rd": "かんしゅ", "mn": "prison guard; warder; jailer; gaoler", "fr": 23767}, {"w": "子守歌", "rd": "こもりうた", "mn": "lullaby", "fr": 24676}, {"w": "保守", "rd": "ほしゅ", "mn": "maintenance", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "守衛", "rd": "しゅえい", "mn": "(security) guard; caretaker; janitor; doorkeeper; gatekeeper", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "保守党", "rd": "ほしゅとう", "mn": "Conservative Party", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "保守的", "rd": "ほしゅてき", "mn": "conservative", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厳守", "rd": "げんしゅ", "mn": "strict observance; rigid adherence; scrupulous compliance", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 206, "rp": 12, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "美", "g": 3, "o": 347, "f": 462, "j": null, "on": "ビ、ミ", "kun": "うつく.しい", "m": "beauty; beautiful", "pm": "beauty", "r": [{"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}], "hc": "sheep; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "beauty", "hs": "Try to think of what the Chinese were on to when they associated the idea of <b>beauty</b> with a <i>large sheep</i>.", "ks": "A Sheep on top of a dog is NOT a beautiful thing.", "v": [{"w": "美しい", "rd": "うつくしい", "mn": "beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)", "fr": 942}, {"w": "美人", "rd": "びじん", "mn": "beautiful woman; (a) beauty; belle; good-looker", "fr": 1887}, {"w": "美味しい", "rd": "おいしい", "mn": "good(-tasting); nice; delicious; tasty", "fr": 3021}, {"w": "ご褒美", "rd": "ごほうび", "mn": "reward; prize", "fr": 4230}, {"w": "美", "rd": "び", "mn": "beauty", "fr": 4448}, {"w": "美味い", "rd": "うまい", "mn": "skillful; skilful; skilled; good; expert; clever (expression, trick, etc.); apt;", "fr": 6117}, {"w": "美女", "rd": "びじょ", "mn": "beautiful woman", "fr": 6424}, {"w": "美貌", "rd": "びぼう", "mn": "beautiful face; good looks; beauty", "fr": 9267}, {"w": "褒美", "rd": "ほうび", "mn": "reward; prize", "fr": 11583}, {"w": "美術", "rd": "びじゅつ", "mn": "art; fine arts", "fr": 12416}, {"w": "甘美", "rd": "かんび", "mn": "sweet (taste); luscious", "fr": 12522}, {"w": "美容", "rd": "びよう", "mn": "beauty; good figure; (beautiful) appearance; (beautiful) features", "fr": 14926}, {"w": "美術館", "rd": "びじゅつかん", "mn": "art museum; art gallery", "fr": 16432}, {"w": "美化", "rd": "びか", "mn": "beautification; glorification", "fr": 19413}, {"w": "優美", "rd": "ゆうび", "mn": "grace; refinement; elegance; daintiness", "fr": 20092}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 294, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "命", "g": 3, "o": 348, "f": 465, "j": null, "on": "メイ、ミョウ", "kun": "いのち", "m": "fate; command; decree; destiny; life; appoint", "pm": "fate", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "卩", "nj": "ふしづくり", "ne": "stamp"}], "hc": "fit; meeting; umbrella; one; mouth; stamp", "hk": "fate", "hs": "This character connotes life in general, but also the particular life that is <b>fated</b> one by virtue of the distinctive character with which one is born. Its elements are: <i>fit</i> . . . <i>stamp</i>. The bottom portion of <i>fit</i> is nudged to the left in order to make room for the <i>stamp</i>.", "ks": "It is my fate /life to fit stamps together.", "v": [{"w": "命", "rd": "いのち", "mn": "life; life force", "fr": 553}, {"w": "運命", "rd": "うんめい", "mn": "fate; destiny; lot", "fr": 1142}, {"w": "命令", "rd": "めいれい", "mn": "order; command; decree; directive", "fr": 1403}, {"w": "一生懸命", "rd": "いっしょうけんめい", "mn": "very hard; with utmost effort; as hard as one can; with all one's might; for dea", "fr": 1843}, {"w": "命じる", "rd": "めいじる", "mn": "to order; to command", "fr": 3331}, {"w": "懸命", "rd": "けんめい", "mn": "eager; earnest; strenuous; fervent; assiduous; with utmost effort", "fr": 3605}, {"w": "生命", "rd": "せいめい", "mn": "life; existence", "fr": 3759}, {"w": "使命", "rd": "しめい", "mn": "mission; errand", "fr": 3868}, {"w": "寿命", "rd": "じゅみょう", "mn": "lifespan; life; lifetime", "fr": 5478}, {"w": "致命的", "rd": "ちめいてき", "mn": "fatal; lethal", "fr": 6546}, {"w": "本命", "rd": "ほんめい", "mn": "favorite (to win); favourite; likely winner", "fr": 6825}, {"w": "宿命", "rd": "しゅくめい", "mn": "fate; destiny; predestination", "fr": 7712}, {"w": "命中", "rd": "めいちゅう", "mn": "(direct) hit; hitting the mark", "fr": 8921}, {"w": "致命傷", "rd": "ちめいしょう", "mn": "fatal wound", "fr": 8972}, {"w": "革命", "rd": "かくめい", "mn": "revolution", "fr": 10383}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 10, "rp": 14, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "福", "g": 3, "o": 349, "f": 467, "j": null, "on": "フク", "kun": "", "m": "blessing; fortune; luck; wealth", "pm": "blessing", "r": [{"c": "礻", "nj": "しめすへん", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "畐", "nj": "フク", "ne": "to fill"}], "hc": "altar; wealth; one; ceiling; mouth; rice field; brains", "hk": "blessing", "hs": "Altar . . . wealth.", "ks": "Put all your wealth on the church altar and receive one blessing. (You stand up out of your wheelchair or something.).", "v": [{"w": "祝福", "rd": "しゅくふく", "mn": "celebration (of a joyous occasion); blessing; giving one's blessing; wishing (so", "fr": 4220}, {"w": "幸福", "rd": "こうふく", "mn": "happiness; well-being; joy; welfare; blessedness", "fr": 4547}, {"w": "裕福", "rd": "ゆうふく", "mn": "wealthy; rich; affluent; well-off", "fr": 11101}, {"w": "至福", "rd": "しふく", "mn": "beatitude; supreme bliss", "fr": 13615}, {"w": "福", "rd": "ふく", "mn": "good fortune; happiness; blessing; good luck", "fr": 17645}, {"w": "福岡", "rd": "ふくおか", "mn": "Fukuoka (city, prefecture)", "fr": 20734}, {"w": "福祉", "rd": "ふくし", "mn": "welfare; well-being; social welfare; social security; social service", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "七福神", "rd": "しちふくじん", "mn": "Seven Gods of Fortune; Seven Deities of Good Luck; Seven Lucky Gods", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "冥福", "rd": "めいふく", "mn": "happiness in the next world; heavenly bliss; repose of one's soul", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "社会福祉", "rd": "しゃかいふくし", "mn": "social welfare", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "福利厚生", "rd": "ふくりこうせい", "mn": "employee welfare; employee benefits; fringe benefits", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "福助", "rd": "ふくすけ", "mn": "large-headed dwarf statue, bringer of good luck", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "福音", "rd": "ふくいん", "mn": "good news; glad tidings", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "老人福祉", "rd": "ろうじんふくし", "mn": "welfare for the aged", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "整", "g": 3, "o": 350, "f": 478, "j": null, "on": "セイ", "kun": "ととの.える、ととの.う", "m": "organize; arranging; tune; tone; meter; key (music)", "pm": "organize", "r": [{"c": "敕", "nj": "チョク", "ne": "an imperial order or decree"}, {"c": "正", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "correct"}], "hc": "organise; bundle; Chaplin; tree; wood; mouth; taskmaster; correct; one; ceiling; stop; footprint", "hk": "organize", "hs": "Bundle . . . taskmaster . . . correct.", "ks": "Organize , def: when taskmasters bundle tasks correctly.", "v": [{"w": "整理", "rd": "せいり", "mn": "sorting; arrangement; organization; putting in order; adjustment; regulation", "fr": 2242}, {"w": "整える", "rd": "ととのえる", "mn": "to put in order; to arrange; to tidy up; to fix; to straighten", "fr": 2642}, {"w": "整う", "rd": "ととのう", "mn": "to be ready; to be prepared; to be arranged", "fr": 3015}, {"w": "調整", "rd": "ちょうせい", "mn": "adjustment; regulation; coordination; reconciliation; tuning; fixing; tailoring", "fr": 3216}, {"w": "整備", "rd": "せいび", "mn": "maintenance; servicing", "fr": 7185}, {"w": "整った", "rd": "ととのった", "mn": "well-ordered; in good order; well-featured; well-regulated", "fr": 10331}, {"w": "整列", "rd": "せいれつ", "mn": "standing in a row; forming a line; alignment", "fr": 14023}, {"w": "整頓", "rd": "せいとん", "mn": "orderliness; put in order; tidying up; arranging neatly", "fr": 22086}, {"w": "整数", "rd": "せいすう", "mn": "integer", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "不整脈", "rd": "ふせいみゃく", "mn": "arrhythmia; abnormal heartbeat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "均整", "rd": "きんせい", "mn": "symmetry; balance; proportion; uniformity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "整合", "rd": "せいごう", "mn": "adjustment; coordination; integration; conformity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "整形外科", "rd": "せいけいげか", "mn": "orthopedic surgery; orthopaedic surgery; orthopedics; orthopaedics", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 77, "rp": 49, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "横", "g": 3, "o": 351, "f": 480, "j": null, "on": "オウ", "kun": "よこ", "m": "sideways; side; horizontal; width; woof; unreasonable; perverse", "pm": "sideways", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "黄", "nj": "き", "ne": "yellow"}], "hc": "tree; wood; yellow; salad; sprout; shoot; animal legs; eight", "hk": "sideways", "hs": "Tree . . . yellow.", "ks": "A tree went all yellow. It died and fell down, ending up <b>sideways</b>.", "v": [{"w": "横", "rd": "よこ", "mn": "horizontal (as opposed to vertical)", "fr": 1560}, {"w": "横顔", "rd": "よこがお", "mn": "profile; face in profile; face seen from the side", "fr": 5869}, {"w": "横たわる", "rd": "よこたわる", "mn": "to lie down; to stretch out", "fr": 5870}, {"w": "横目", "rd": "よこめ", "mn": "sidelong glance", "fr": 7107}, {"w": "横取り", "rd": "よこどり", "mn": "snatching; stealing; seizure; usurpation", "fr": 8869}, {"w": "横切る", "rd": "よこぎる", "mn": "to cross (e.g. road); to traverse", "fr": 9000}, {"w": "横暴", "rd": "おうぼう", "mn": "violence; oppression; high-handedness; tyranny; despotism", "fr": 10319}, {"w": "横浜", "rd": "よこはま", "mn": "Yokohama (city)", "fr": 12746}, {"w": "横断", "rd": "おうだん", "mn": "crossing (a road, river, etc.); cutting through (e.g. of a river through a town)", "fr": 19956}, {"w": "横領", "rd": "おうりょう", "mn": "embezzlement; misappropriation; usurpation", "fr": 21390}, {"w": "横断歩道", "rd": "おうだんほどう", "mn": "pedestrian crossing; crosswalk", "fr": 24061}, {"w": "横柄", "rd": "おうへい", "mn": "arrogant; haughty; insolent", "fr": 24773}, {"w": "横綱", "rd": "よこづな", "mn": "yokozuna (highest rank in sumo); grand champion", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "専横", "rd": "せんおう", "mn": "arbitrariness; despotism; high-handedness; tyranny", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "横ばい", "rd": "よこばい", "mn": "sidewise crawl (e.g. of a crab); crawling sideways", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 48, "rp": 32, "l": 5, "n": "横 構え"}}, {"k": "深", "g": 3, "o": 352, "f": 484, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "ふか.い、-ぶか.い、ふか.まる、ふか.める、み-", "m": "deep; heighten; intensify; strengthen", "pm": "deep", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "㓁", "nj": "あみがしら", "ne": "net"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; paper punch; Miss World; hole; house; human legs; tree; wood", "hk": "deep", "hs": "Water . . . paper punch . . . tree.", "ks": "Made a hole with a paper punch in a tree, so deep that water started flowing out.", "v": [{"w": "深い", "rd": "ふかい", "mn": "deep", "fr": 716}, {"w": "深刻", "rd": "しんこく", "mn": "serious; severe; grave; acute", "fr": 3425}, {"w": "深夜", "rd": "しんや", "mn": "late at night", "fr": 3746}, {"w": "興味深い", "rd": "きょうみぶかい", "mn": "very interesting; of great interest", "fr": 3925}, {"w": "深める", "rd": "ふかめる", "mn": "to deepen; to heighten; to intensify", "fr": 5388}, {"w": "深さ", "rd": "ふかさ", "mn": "depth; profundity", "fr": 6387}, {"w": "深まる", "rd": "ふかまる", "mn": "to deepen; to heighten; to intensify", "fr": 6552}, {"w": "深み", "rd": "ふかみ", "mn": "deep place; depths", "fr": 12063}, {"w": "用心深い", "rd": "ようじんぶかい", "mn": "careful; cautious; wary; watchful; vigilant; prudent", "fr": 15870}, {"w": "深海", "rd": "しんかい", "mn": "deep sea; depths of the sea; ocean depths", "fr": 20638}, {"w": "情け深い", "rd": "なさけぶかい", "mn": "tender-hearted; compassionate; charitable; good-hearted", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "水深", "rd": "すいしん", "mn": "depth of water", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "注意深い", "rd": "ちゅういぶかい", "mn": "attentive; cautious; careful; watchful", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "深刻化", "rd": "しんこくか", "mn": "becoming more serious or severe; aggravation; intensification", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "深層", "rd": "しんそう", "mn": "depths; deep level", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 5, "rp": 59, "l": 11, "n": "深い 探す"}}, {"k": "申", "g": 3, "o": 353, "f": 492, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "もう.す、もう.し-、さる", "m": "have the honor to; sign of the monkey; 3-5PM; ninth sign of Chinese zodiac", "pm": "have the honor to", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}], "hc": "monkey; sun; day; stick", "hk": "speaketh", "hs": "The olde English is used here to indicate a humble form of the third person singular of the verb \"to speak.\" It is written by a <i>tongue wagging in the mouth</i> with a <i>walking stick</i> rammed through it and coming out at both ends.", "ks": "The cross in the mouth of the Monkey ensured it speaketh no evil.", "v": [{"w": "申す", "rd": "もうす", "mn": "to say; to be called", "fr": 1053}, {"w": "申し訳ない", "rd": "もうしわけない", "mn": "I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; I feel regretful; I feel guilty", "fr": 1184}, {"w": "申し訳ありません", "rd": "もうしわけありません", "mn": "I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable", "fr": 1373}, {"w": "申し上げる", "rd": "もうしあげる", "mn": "to say; to tell; to state; to express; to offer; to extend (greetings, congratul", "fr": 2400}, {"w": "申し出", "rd": "もうしで", "mn": "proposal; offer; request; application", "fr": 5992}, {"w": "申し訳", "rd": "もうしわけ", "mn": "apology; excuse", "fr": 6150}, {"w": "申請", "rd": "しんせい", "mn": "application; request; petition", "fr": 6530}, {"w": "申し出る", "rd": "もうしでる", "mn": "to offer; to propose; to suggest; to put forward; to request; to ask (for); to a", "fr": 6913}, {"w": "申し込む", "rd": "もうしこむ", "mn": "to apply for; to make an application; to propose (marriage); to offer (mediation", "fr": 7276}, {"w": "申し分ない", "rd": "もうしぶんない", "mn": "perfect; ideal; completely satisfactory; leaving nothing to be desired; faultles", "fr": 12330}, {"w": "申し込み", "rd": "もうしこみ", "mn": "application; entry; request; subscription; offer; proposal; overture; challenge", "fr": 15088}, {"w": "申告", "rd": "しんこく", "mn": "report; return (e.g. tax); statement; declaration; notification; filing", "fr": 20389}, {"w": "申し入れる", "rd": "もうしいれる", "mn": "to propose; to suggest", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "上申", "rd": "じょうしん", "mn": "report to a superior", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "内申", "rd": "ないしん", "mn": "unofficial report; confidential report", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 174, "rp": 15, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "様", "g": 3, "o": 354, "f": 493, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ、ショウ", "kun": "さま、さん", "m": "Esq.; way; manner; situation; polite suffix", "pm": "Esq.", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}, {"c": "氺", "nj": "したみず", "ne": "water"}], "hc": "tree; wood; sheep; grains of rice", "hk": "Esq.", "hs": "The abbreviation <b>Esq.</b> will help associate this character with the honorific form of address to which it belongs. Its elements are: <i>tree</i> . . . <i>sheep</i> . . . <i>grains of rice</i>. Note that the final vertical stroke in the element for <i>sheep</i> is extended to form the first stroke for <i>grains of rice</i>.", "ks": "Here we have the requirements to be counted among the ranks of the noble <b>Esq.</b> You must posses a <i>forested</i> estate, herds of <i>sheep</i> , and granary full of <i>grains of rice</i>.", "v": [{"w": "様", "rd": "さま", "mn": "Mr; Mrs; Miss; Ms", "fr": 446}, {"w": "様子", "rd": "ようす", "mn": "state (of affairs); situation; circumstances", "fr": 558}, {"w": "お客様", "rd": "おきゃくさま", "mn": "guest; visitor", "fr": 1707}, {"w": "神様", "rd": "かみさま", "mn": "God; god; deity; divinity; spirit; kami", "fr": 1763}, {"w": "皆様", "rd": "みなさま", "mn": "everyone", "fr": 2365}, {"w": "同様", "rd": "どうよう", "mn": "same; similar; (just) like; equal", "fr": 2491}, {"w": "様子を見る", "rd": "ようすをみる", "mn": "to wait and see; to see how things go; to survey the situation", "fr": 2506}, {"w": "様々", "rd": "さまざま", "mn": "various; varied; diverse; all sorts of", "fr": 3129}, {"w": "様に", "rd": "ように", "mn": "like; as", "fr": 3262}, {"w": "模様", "rd": "もよう", "mn": "pattern; figure; design", "fr": 3929}, {"w": "異様", "rd": "いよう", "mn": "strange; odd; peculiar; weird; bizarre; unusual", "fr": 4574}, {"w": "お疲れ様", "rd": "おつかれさま", "mn": "thank you (for your hard work); good work", "fr": 4737}, {"w": "奥様", "rd": "おくさま", "mn": "wife; your wife; his wife; married lady; madam", "fr": 5225}, {"w": "王様", "rd": "おうさま", "mn": "king", "fr": 6564}, {"w": "仕様", "rd": "しよう", "mn": "way; method; means; resource; remedy", "fr": 8006}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 127, "rp": 33, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "港", "g": 3, "o": 355, "f": 495, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "みなと", "m": "harbor", "pm": "harbor", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "巷", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "fork in road"}], "hc": "deluge; water; water droplets; water pistol; scene; strung together; salad; animal legs; eight; snake; self", "hk": "harbor", "hs": "Deluge . . . snakes.", "ks": "During a <i>deluge</i> , all the poor <i>snakes</i> get washed into the <b>harbour</b>.", "v": [{"w": "港", "rd": "みなと", "mn": "harbour; harbor; port", "fr": 7282}, {"w": "空港", "rd": "くうこう", "mn": "airport", "fr": 9092}, {"w": "香港", "rd": "ホンコン", "mn": "Hong Kong", "fr": 23233}, {"w": "入港", "rd": "にゅうこう", "mn": "entry into port; arriving in harbor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "出港", "rd": "しゅっこう", "mn": "departure from a port; leaving port; setting sail", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寄港", "rd": "きこう", "mn": "calling at a port", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "港内", "rd": "こうない", "mn": "inside the harbour; inside the harbor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "港湾", "rd": "こうわん", "mn": "harbour; harbor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漁港", "rd": "ぎょこう", "mn": "fishing harbour; fishing harbor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "軍港", "rd": "ぐんこう", "mn": "naval port; naval station", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "開港", "rd": "かいこう", "mn": "opening a port (seaport, airport, etc.); starting operations at a port", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 89, "rp": 29, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "注", "g": 3, "o": 356, "f": 497, "j": null, "on": "チュウ", "kun": "そそ.ぐ、さ.す、つ.ぐ", "m": "pour; irrigate; shed (tears); flow into; concentrate on; notes; comment; annotate", "pm": "pour", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "主", "nj": "シュ", "ne": "lord"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; candlestick; lord; drop; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "pour", "hs": "Picture <b>pouring</b> water from a lighted <i>candlestick</i>. What could be more ridiculous, or simpler, as a way to recall this kanji?", "ks": "Like water the hot wax pour ed down the side of the candlestick.", "v": [{"w": "注意", "rd": "ちゅうい", "mn": "attention; notice; heed", "fr": 1421}, {"w": "注文", "rd": "ちゅうもん", "mn": "order (for an item)", "fr": 2337}, {"w": "注目", "rd": "ちゅうもく", "mn": "notice; attention; observation", "fr": 2454}, {"w": "注ぐ", "rd": "そそぐ", "mn": "to pour (into)", "fr": 2931}, {"w": "注ぎ込む", "rd": "そそぎこむ", "mn": "to pour in (liquids)", "fr": 8345}, {"w": "注射", "rd": "ちゅうしゃ", "mn": "injection; jab; shot", "fr": 11718}, {"w": "発注", "rd": "はっちゅう", "mn": "ordering (materials); placing an order; order", "fr": 12095}, {"w": "注入", "rd": "ちゅうにゅう", "mn": "pouring; injection", "fr": 12252}, {"w": "不注意", "rd": "ふちゅうい", "mn": "carelessness; inattention; thoughtlessness; negligence", "fr": 12769}, {"w": "要注意", "rd": "ようちゅうい", "mn": "need for caution; need for care; requiring special attention", "fr": 18186}, {"w": "注", "rd": "ちゅう", "mn": "annotation; explanatory note; comment", "fr": 20549}, {"w": "注す", "rd": "さす", "mn": "to pour; to add (liquid); to serve (drinks)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "予約注文", "rd": "よやくちゅうもん", "mn": "pre-order; advance order", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "傾注", "rd": "けいちゅう", "mn": "devoting (oneself) to; concentrating (one's efforts) on", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "取扱注意", "rd": "とりあつかいちゅうい", "mn": "handling warning", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 166, "rp": 82, "l": 17, "n": ""}}, {"k": "階", "g": 3, "o": 357, "f": 513, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "きざはし", "m": "storey; stair; counter for storeys of a building", "pm": "storey", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "皆", "nj": "カイ", "ne": "all"}], "hc": "storey; pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; all; compare; spoon; sitting on the ground; white; dove", "hk": "story", "hs": "The <b>story</b> of this character refers to floors in a building. The elements: <i>pinnacle</i> . . . <i>all</i>.", "ks": "The pinnacle of a building is the sum of all the storey s.", "v": [{"w": "階段", "rd": "かいだん", "mn": "stairs; stairway; staircase", "fr": 2040}, {"w": "段階", "rd": "だんかい", "mn": "stage; step; phase", "fr": 2567}, {"w": "階", "rd": "かい", "mn": "storey; story; floor", "fr": 3745}, {"w": "二階", "rd": "にかい", "mn": "second floor; upstairs", "fr": 6966}, {"w": "一階", "rd": "いっかい", "mn": "first floor; ground floor", "fr": 8520}, {"w": "１階", "rd": "いっかい", "mn": "first floor; ground floor", "fr": 10146}, {"w": "階級", "rd": "かいきゅう", "mn": "(social) class", "fr": 11702}, {"w": "階層", "rd": "かいそう", "mn": "class; level; stratum; layer; hierarchy", "fr": 16903}, {"w": "現段階", "rd": "げんだんかい", "mn": "present stage; current phase", "fr": 22609}, {"w": "二階建て", "rd": "にかいだて", "mn": "two-storied building", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "中産階級", "rd": "ちゅうさんかいきゅう", "mn": "middle class; bourgeoisie", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "音階", "rd": "おんかい", "mn": "scale", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 114, "rp": 36, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "路", "g": 3, "o": 358, "f": 529, "j": null, "on": "ロ、ル", "kun": "-じ、みち", "m": "path; route; road; distance", "pm": "path", "r": [{"c": "足", "nj": "あし", "ne": "foot"}, {"c": "各", "nj": "カク", "ne": "each"}], "hc": "wooden leg; mouth; stop; footprint; each; walking legs; mouth", "hk": "path", "hs": "Wooden leg . . . each.", "ks": "On the path to becoming a pirate, each one must gain a wooden leg.", "v": [{"w": "通路", "rd": "つうろ", "mn": "passage; pathway; roadway; avenue; aisle", "fr": 4662}, {"w": "進路", "rd": "しんろ", "mn": "route; course; path", "fr": 4879}, {"w": "道路", "rd": "どうろ", "mn": "road; highway", "fr": 5174}, {"w": "路地", "rd": "ろじ", "mn": "alley; alleyway; lane", "fr": 8215}, {"w": "経路", "rd": "けいろ", "mn": "course; route; path; channel", "fr": 9778}, {"w": "路上", "rd": "ろじょう", "mn": "on the road; on the street; in the street", "fr": 10022}, {"w": "迷路", "rd": "めいろ", "mn": "maze; labyrinth", "fr": 10998}, {"w": "路線", "rd": "ろせん", "mn": "route (bus, train, air, etc.); line", "fr": 11746}, {"w": "回路", "rd": "かいろ", "mn": "circuit", "fr": 14111}, {"w": "線路", "rd": "せんろ", "mn": "railway track; railway line; railroad; railway; track; line", "fr": 14454}, {"w": "帰路", "rd": "きろ", "mn": "return journey; one's way home; one's way back", "fr": 19618}, {"w": "水路", "rd": "すいろ", "mn": "waterway; canal; channel; watercourse; aqueduct", "fr": 19665}, {"w": "高速道路", "rd": "こうそくどうろ", "mn": "highway; freeway; expressway; motorway", "fr": 21541}, {"w": "活路", "rd": "かつろ", "mn": "means of survival; means of escape; way out of a difficulty", "fr": 23123}, {"w": "袋小路", "rd": "ふくろこうじ", "mn": "blind alley; cul-de-sac; dead end street", "fr": 23457}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 49, "rp": 50, "l": 9, "n": ""}}, {"k": "悪", "g": 3, "o": 359, "f": 530, "j": null, "on": "アク、オ", "kun": "わる.い、わる-、あ.し、にく.い、-にく.い、ああ、いずくに、いずくんぞ、にく.む", "m": "bad; vice; rascal; false; evil; wrong", "pm": "bad", "r": [{"c": "亜", "nj": "ア", "ne": "Asia"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "Asia; roman two; mouth; heart", "hk": "bad", "hs": "Asia . . . heart.", "ks": "Because <i>Asian</i> people started to eat Western food, their <i>hearts</i> became <b>bad</b> and they started having <i>heart</i> attacks.", "v": [{"w": "悪い", "rd": "わるい", "mn": "bad; poor; undesirable", "fr": 122}, {"w": "最悪", "rd": "さいあく", "mn": "worst", "fr": 1227}, {"w": "気持ち悪い", "rd": "きもちわるい", "mn": "unpleasant; revolting; repulsive; gross; disgusting; disturbing; creepy", "fr": 1906}, {"w": "悪魔", "rd": "あくま", "mn": "devil; demon; fiend", "fr": 2345}, {"w": "悪", "rd": "あく", "mn": "evil; wickedness", "fr": 2518}, {"w": "意地悪", "rd": "いじわる", "mn": "malicious; ill-tempered; unkind; mean; nasty", "fr": 3677}, {"w": "悪化", "rd": "あっか", "mn": "deterioration; getting worse; worsening; aggravation; degeneration; corruption", "fr": 4422}, {"w": "悪意", "rd": "あくい", "mn": "ill will; spite; evil intention; malice", "fr": 4540}, {"w": "悪夢", "rd": "あくむ", "mn": "nightmare; bad dream", "fr": 4667}, {"w": "悪口", "rd": "あっこう", "mn": "(verbal) abuse; name-calling; abusive language; insulting remarks", "fr": 5201}, {"w": "凶悪", "rd": "きょうあく", "mn": "atrocious; heinous; fiendish; brutal; vicious", "fr": 7024}, {"w": "悪気", "rd": "わるぎ", "mn": "ill will; malice; evil intent", "fr": 7125}, {"w": "悪者", "rd": "わるもの", "mn": "bad guy; villain; evildoer; scoundrel", "fr": 7505}, {"w": "悪人", "rd": "あくにん", "mn": "bad person; villain; scoundrel; wrongdoer; wicked person", "fr": 7651}, {"w": "憎悪", "rd": "ぞうお", "mn": "hatred; abhorrence; loathing; detestation", "fr": 8146}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 897, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "他", "g": 3, "o": 360, "f": 543, "j": null, "on": "タ", "kun": "ほか", "m": "other; another; the others", "pm": "other", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "也", "nj": "ヤ", "ne": "to be (classical)"}], "hc": "person; scorpion", "hk": "other", "hs": "Person . . . scorpion.", "ks": "It's one or the <b>other</b> : fight <i>Mr. T</i> , or be thrown into the <i>scorpion</i> pit.", "v": [{"w": "他", "rd": "た", "mn": "other (esp. people and abstract matters)", "fr": 418}, {"w": "他人", "rd": "たにん", "mn": "another person; other people; others", "fr": 985}, {"w": "他に", "rd": "ほかに", "mn": "else; in addition; besides", "fr": 1055}, {"w": "他にも", "rd": "ほかにも", "mn": "furthermore; even more", "fr": 2192}, {"w": "他人事", "rd": "ひとごと", "mn": "other people's affairs; someone else's problem", "fr": 6339}, {"w": "他者", "rd": "たしゃ", "mn": "another person; others", "fr": 7440}, {"w": "他国", "rd": "たこく", "mn": "foreign country; another country", "fr": 12396}, {"w": "他方", "rd": "たほう", "mn": "one (esp. of two); the other; one way; the other way; one direction; the other d", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "その他", "rd": "そのほか", "mn": "the rest; the others", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "他殺", "rd": "たさつ", "mn": "murder", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "他派", "rd": "たは", "mn": "the other group", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "他社", "rd": "たしゃ", "mn": "another company; other company", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "他薦", "rd": "たせん", "mn": "recommendation (by others)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "他面", "rd": "ためん", "mn": "other side; another side; different angle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "排他", "rd": "はいた", "mn": "exclusion", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 107, "rp": 34, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "橋", "g": 3, "o": 361, "f": 553, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "はし", "m": "bridge", "pm": "bridge", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "喬", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "high"}], "hc": "tree; wood; angel; heavens; mouth; hood; mouth", "hk": "bridge", "hs": "The <b>bridge</b> shown here is made of <i>trees</i> in their natural form, except that the trunks have been carved into the forms of <i>angels</i> , a sort of \"Ponte degli Angeli.\"", "ks": "The nicest <b>bridge</b> is not in Holly <i>wood</i> or Los <i>Angel</i> es, but in San Francisco.", "v": [{"w": "橋", "rd": "はし", "mn": "bridge", "fr": 3260}, {"w": "桟橋", "rd": "さんばし", "mn": "wharf; bridge; jetty; pier", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "橋渡し", "rd": "はしわたし", "mn": "mediation; good offices; go-between; intermediary; mediator; bridge (between)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "鉄橋", "rd": "てっきょう", "mn": "railway bridge; iron bridge", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "新橋", "rd": "しんばし", "mn": "Shinbashi (Tokyo)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "架橋", "rd": "かきょう", "mn": "bridge-building; bridge construction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "橋脚", "rd": "きょうきゃく", "mn": "bridge pier; pontoon bridge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歩道橋", "rd": "ほどうきょう", "mn": "footbridge; pedestrian bridge; pedestrian overpass", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "石橋", "rd": "いしばし", "mn": "stone bridge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "船橋", "rd": "ふなばし", "mn": "pontoon bridge; floating bridge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陸橋", "rd": "りっきょう", "mn": "bridge (over a road or railway); overpass; flyover; viaduct", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 127, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "岸", "g": 3, "o": 362, "f": 556, "j": null, "on": "ガン", "kun": "きし", "m": "beach", "pm": "beach", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "干", "nj": "かん", "ne": "to dry"}], "hc": "mountain; cliff; dry; clothesline", "hk": "beach", "hs": "Mountain . . . cliff . . . dry.", "ks": "At the base of <i>mountain</i> <i>cliff</i> s, there is usually a <b>beach</b>. You often can see people lying there, <i>drying</i> off after a swim.", "v": [{"w": "海岸", "rd": "かいがん", "mn": "seashore; coast; seaside; waterfront; beach", "fr": 9290}, {"w": "岸", "rd": "きし", "mn": "bank; coast; shore", "fr": 13140}, {"w": "対岸", "rd": "たいがん", "mn": "opposite shore", "fr": 21190}, {"w": "沿岸", "rd": "えんがん", "mn": "coast; shore", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "両岸", "rd": "りょうがん", "mn": "both banks (of a river)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "岸壁", "rd": "がんぺき", "mn": "quay; wharf; jetty", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "岸辺", "rd": "きしべ", "mn": "shore; bank (of a body of water)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "川岸", "rd": "かわぎし", "mn": "riverbank; riverside", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "彼岸", "rd": "ひがん", "mn": "equinoctial week (when Buddhist services are held)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "海岸線", "rd": "かいがんせん", "mn": "coastline; shoreline", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "湾岸", "rd": "わんがん", "mn": "gulf coast; bay coast", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "護岸", "rd": "ごがん", "mn": "river dike", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 31, "rp": 22, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "客", "g": 3, "o": 363, "f": 557, "j": null, "on": "キャク、カク", "kun": "", "m": "guest; visitor; customer; client", "pm": "guest", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "各", "nj": "カク", "ne": "each"}], "hc": "house; each; walking legs; mouth", "hk": "guest", "hs": "When you are a <b>guest</b> in a courteous town, <i>each house</i> hold has its own way of welcoming you, and <i>each house</i> becomes your home.", "ks": "In my house I welcome each guest.", "v": [{"w": "客", "rd": "きゃく", "mn": "guest; visitor", "fr": 1007}, {"w": "お客様", "rd": "おきゃくさま", "mn": "guest; visitor", "fr": 1707}, {"w": "観客", "rd": "かんきゃく", "mn": "spectator; audience", "fr": 5209}, {"w": "客観的", "rd": "きゃっかんてき", "mn": "objective", "fr": 7263}, {"w": "来客", "rd": "らいきゃく", "mn": "visitor; caller", "fr": 9278}, {"w": "お客さま", "rd": "おきゃくさま", "mn": "guest; visitor", "fr": 10250}, {"w": "観光客", "rd": "かんこうきゃく", "mn": "tourist", "fr": 11343}, {"w": "乗客", "rd": "じょうきゃく", "mn": "passenger", "fr": 11624}, {"w": "客席", "rd": "きゃくせき", "mn": "guest seating (e.g. theater, stadium); passenger seat (e.g. taxi)", "fr": 12775}, {"w": "顧客", "rd": "こきゃく", "mn": "customer; client; patron", "fr": 14930}, {"w": "客室", "rd": "きゃくしつ", "mn": "guest room (at a hotel); guest cabin (on a boat); passenger cabin (on a plane)", "fr": 16839}, {"w": "客間", "rd": "きゃくま", "mn": "drawing room; parlor; parlour; guest room", "fr": 20275}, {"w": "客足", "rd": "きゃくあし", "mn": "customer traffic; customers; custom", "fr": 22922}, {"w": "客観", "rd": "きゃっかん", "mn": "objectivity; objective; object (philosophical)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "旅客", "rd": "りょかく", "mn": "passenger", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 78, "rp": 61, "l": 10, "n": ""}}, {"k": "登", "g": 3, "o": 364, "f": 566, "j": null, "on": "トウ、ト、ドウ、ショウ、チョウ", "kun": "のぼ.る、あ.がる", "m": "ascend; climb up", "pm": "ascend", "r": [{"c": "癶", "nj": "はつがしら", "ne": "outspread legs"}, {"c": "豆", "nj": "まめ", "ne": "bean"}], "hc": "teepee; wigwam; beans; table; one; mouth", "hk": "ascend", "hs": "<i>Teepee</i> . . . <i>table</i>. Do not confuse with <i>rise up</i> (Frame 43).", "ks": "Stroke order for teepee primitive is incorrect (in 4th edition), 3rd and 4th strokes should be reversed.", "v": [{"w": "登場", "rd": "とうじょう", "mn": "entrance (on the stage); appearance (in a book, film, etc.)", "fr": 1962}, {"w": "登る", "rd": "のぼる", "mn": "to ascend; to go up; to climb", "fr": 2995}, {"w": "登録", "rd": "とうろく", "mn": "registration; accession; register; entry; record; subscription", "fr": 4035}, {"w": "登校", "rd": "とうこう", "mn": "attendance (at school); going to school", "fr": 6030}, {"w": "登場人物", "rd": "とうじょうじんぶつ", "mn": "character (in a play, novel, film, etc.); dramatis personae", "fr": 9029}, {"w": "登山", "rd": "とざん", "mn": "mountain climbing; mountaineering; ascent of a mountain", "fr": 20724}, {"w": "山登り", "rd": "やまのぼり", "mn": "mountain climbing; mountaineering", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登板", "rd": "とうばん", "mn": "taking the mound; pitching a game", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登用", "rd": "とうよう", "mn": "appointment; assignment; promotion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登竜門", "rd": "とうりゅうもん", "mn": "gateway to success", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登記", "rd": "とうき", "mn": "registry; registration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登載", "rd": "とうさい", "mn": "running (an article); carrying; printing; publication", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登録商標", "rd": "とうろくしょうひょう", "mn": "registered trademark", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登録番号", "rd": "とうろくばんごう", "mn": "registration number", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登録者", "rd": "とうろくしゃ", "mn": "registrant; subscriber; enrollee", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 159, "rp": 25, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "速", "g": 3, "o": 365, "f": 576, "j": null, "on": "ソク", "kun": "はや.い、はや-、はや.める、すみ.やか", "m": "quick; fast", "pm": "quick", "r": [{"c": "束", "nj": "ソク", "ne": "bundle"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "bundle; Chaplin; tree; wood; mouth; road", "hk": "quick", "hs": "Bundle . . . road.", "ks": "If you find a bundle of money on the road, pick it up <b>quick</b> before anyone notices.", "v": [{"w": "早速", "rd": "さっそく", "mn": "at once; immediately; without delay; promptly", "fr": 1279}, {"w": "速い", "rd": "はやい", "mn": "fast; quick; rapid; swift; speedy; brisk; prompt", "fr": 1406}, {"w": "速度", "rd": "そくど", "mn": "speed; velocity; pace; rate", "fr": 3041}, {"w": "加速", "rd": "かそく", "mn": "acceleration; speeding up", "fr": 4390}, {"w": "速さ", "rd": "はやさ", "mn": "speed; velocity; quickness; rapidity", "fr": 4396}, {"w": "高速", "rd": "こうそく", "mn": "high-speed; rapid; express", "fr": 5392}, {"w": "急速", "rd": "きゅうそく", "mn": "rapid (e.g. progress)", "fr": 5794}, {"w": "速やか", "rd": "すみやか", "mn": "quick; speedy; prompt; rapid; swift", "fr": 6458}, {"w": "迅速", "rd": "じんそく", "mn": "(very) quick; rapid; swift; speedy; prompt; expeditious", "fr": 8892}, {"w": "速攻", "rd": "そっこう", "mn": "swift attack; quick attack; fast break; breakaway", "fr": 9540}, {"w": "全速力", "rd": "ぜんそくりょく", "mn": "full speed", "fr": 11543}, {"w": "速める", "rd": "はやめる", "mn": "to bring forward (e.g. by 3 hours); to advance; to hasten (e.g. one's death); to", "fr": 14558}, {"w": "時速", "rd": "じそく", "mn": "speed (per hour)", "fr": 17051}, {"w": "減速", "rd": "げんそく", "mn": "deceleration", "fr": 19458}, {"w": "高速道路", "rd": "こうそくどうろ", "mn": "highway; freeway; expressway; motorway", "fr": 21541}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 123, "rp": 20, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "央", "g": 3, "o": 366, "f": 582, "j": null, "on": "オウ", "kun": "", "m": "center; middle", "pm": "center", "r": [{"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}, {"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}], "hc": "large; St. Bernard; box body", "hk": "center", "hs": "The elements depict a <i>St. Bernard</i> with its head and paws keeping their stick-like form, but with the middle or <b>center</b> of its body filled out in a box-like shape.", "ks": "A person with a big mouth wants to be the <b>center</b> of attention.", "v": [{"w": "中央", "rd": "ちゅうおう", "mn": "centre; center; middle; heart", "fr": 2617}, {"w": "中央集権", "rd": "ちゅうおうしゅうけん", "mn": "centralized authoritarian rule; centralised authoritarian rule", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 253, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "号", "g": 3, "o": 367, "f": 585, "j": null, "on": "ゴウ", "kun": "さけ.ぶ、よびな", "m": "nickname; number; item; title; pseudonym; name; call", "pm": "nickname", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}], "hc": "mouth; snare", "hk": "nickname", "hs": "Mouth . . . snare.", "ks": "My <b>nickname</b> is \"No Lips\". Yep, I shouldn't have put my <i>mouth</i> on that <i>bear trap</i> …", "v": [{"w": "号", "rd": "ごう", "mn": "number; edition; make; model; issue; part of that group", "fr": 2434}, {"w": "番号", "rd": "ばんごう", "mn": "number; series of digits", "fr": 3039}, {"w": "信号", "rd": "しんごう", "mn": "signal; signalling; signaling", "fr": 6018}, {"w": "電話番号", "rd": "でんわばんごう", "mn": "telephone number; phone number", "fr": 6698}, {"w": "称号", "rd": "しょうごう", "mn": "title; name; degree", "fr": 10381}, {"w": "暗号", "rd": "あんごう", "mn": "code; password; cipher", "fr": 10549}, {"w": "号令", "rd": "ごうれい", "mn": "order (esp. to a number of people); command", "fr": 12983}, {"w": "怒号", "rd": "どごう", "mn": "angry roar; bellow", "fr": 13346}, {"w": "記号", "rd": "きごう", "mn": "sign; symbol; mark", "fr": 14833}, {"w": "号泣", "rd": "ごうきゅう", "mn": "crying loudly; bawling; wailing; lamentation", "fr": 16301}, {"w": "年号", "rd": "ねんごう", "mn": "name of an imperial era (e.g. Heisei, Shōwa); Japanese era name", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "符号", "rd": "ふごう", "mn": "sign; mark; symbol; code", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "二号", "rd": "にごう", "mn": "number two", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "信号機", "rd": "しんごうき", "mn": "traffic light; traffic signal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "元号", "rd": "げんごう", "mn": "name of an imperial era (e.g. Heisei, Shōwa); Japanese era name", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 401, "rp": 13, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "館", "g": 3, "o": 368, "f": 613, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "やかた、たて", "m": "building; mansion; large building; palace", "pm": "building", "r": [{"c": "飠", "nj": "しょくへん", "ne": "food"}, {"c": "官", "nj": "カン", "ne": "bureaucrat"}], "hc": "eat; food; umbrella; good; halo; drop; silver; bureaucrat; house; maestro without baton", "hk": "Bldg.", "hs": "The abbreviation of <b>Building</b> suggests that this kanji is used in proper names, as indeed it often is. Keep your connotation distinct from <i>Inst.</i> (Frame 1401) when working with the elements: <i>food</i> . . . <i>bureaucrat</i>.", "ks": "A <b>building</b> that <i>eats</i> <i>bureaucrats</i>!!!!!!!!", "v": [{"w": "図書館", "rd": "としょかん", "mn": "library", "fr": 5304}, {"w": "体育館", "rd": "たいいくかん", "mn": "gymnasium", "fr": 7730}, {"w": "旅館", "rd": "りょかん", "mn": "ryokan; traditional Japanese inn", "fr": 8586}, {"w": "映画館", "rd": "えいがかん", "mn": "movie theatre; movie theater; cinema", "fr": 10157}, {"w": "水族館", "rd": "すいぞくかん", "mn": "aquarium (building)", "fr": 14031}, {"w": "美術館", "rd": "びじゅつかん", "mn": "art museum; art gallery", "fr": 16432}, {"w": "博物館", "rd": "はくぶつかん", "mn": "museum", "fr": 17352}, {"w": "館内", "rd": "かんない", "mn": "inside a library, museum, cinema, etc.; on the premises", "fr": 18430}, {"w": "会館", "rd": "かいかん", "mn": "meeting hall; assembly hall", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "大使館", "rd": "たいしかん", "mn": "embassy", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "本館", "rd": "ほんかん", "mn": "main building (as opposed to an annex, outbuilding, etc.)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "休館", "rd": "きゅうかん", "mn": "closure (of a library, museum, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "入館料", "rd": "にゅうかんりょう", "mn": "admission fee (for a museum, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公民館", "rd": "こうみんかん", "mn": "public hall; community center; community centre", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公館", "rd": "こうかん", "mn": "official residence", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 107, "rp": 34, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "屋", "g": 3, "o": 369, "f": 616, "j": null, "on": "オク", "kun": "や", "m": "roof; house; shop; dealer; seller", "pm": "roof", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "至", "nj": "いたる", "ne": "to arrive"}], "hc": "flag; climax; wall; one; ceiling; elbow; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "roof", "hs": "<i>Flag</i> . . . <i>climax</i>. Note that this kanji has no relation to the drawing of a  \"roof\" used in the primitive for <i>house</i>.", "ks": "Flag at the climax (highest point) of a castle <b>roof</b>.", "v": [{"w": "部屋", "rd": "へや", "mn": "room; chamber", "fr": 279}, {"w": "屋敷", "rd": "やしき", "mn": "residence; estate; grounds; premises; mansion", "fr": 3521}, {"w": "屋上", "rd": "おくじょう", "mn": "rooftop", "fr": 3535}, {"w": "屋根", "rd": "やね", "mn": "roof", "fr": 4062}, {"w": "小屋", "rd": "こや", "mn": "hut; cabin; shed; (animal) pen", "fr": 6628}, {"w": "屋台", "rd": "やたい", "mn": "cart (esp. a food cart); stall; stand", "fr": 7434}, {"w": "本屋", "rd": "ほんや", "mn": "bookstore; bookshop", "fr": 8498}, {"w": "居酒屋", "rd": "いざかや", "mn": "izakaya", "fr": 10707}, {"w": "屋外", "rd": "おくがい", "mn": "outdoors; outside", "fr": 13079}, {"w": "屋内", "rd": "おくない", "mn": "indoors", "fr": 13567}, {"w": "名古屋", "rd": "なごや", "mn": "Nagoya (city)", "fr": 16388}, {"w": "花屋", "rd": "はなや", "mn": "florist; flower shop", "fr": 16631}, {"w": "パン屋", "rd": "パンや", "mn": "bakery; baker", "fr": 17136}, {"w": "家屋", "rd": "かおく", "mn": "house; building", "fr": 17910}, {"w": "宿屋", "rd": "やどや", "mn": "inn", "fr": 20127}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 3, "rp": 118, "l": 24, "n": "部屋 教室"}}, {"k": "根", "g": 3, "o": 370, "f": 620, "j": null, "on": "コン", "kun": "ね、-ね", "m": "root; radical; head (pimple)", "pm": "root", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}], "hc": "tree; wood; silver", "hk": "root", "hs": "Tree . . . silver.", "ks": "The root s of the magical tree are silver.", "v": [{"w": "根拠", "rd": "こんきょ", "mn": "basis; grounds; foundation; reason; authority", "fr": 3524}, {"w": "根性", "rd": "こんじょう", "mn": "willpower; guts; determination; grit; spirit", "fr": 3933}, {"w": "屋根", "rd": "やね", "mn": "roof", "fr": 4062}, {"w": "根", "rd": "ね", "mn": "root (of a plant)", "fr": 4159}, {"w": "根本的", "rd": "こんぽんてき", "mn": "fundamental; basic", "fr": 6224}, {"w": "根本", "rd": "こんぽん", "mn": "root; source; origin", "fr": 7496}, {"w": "羽根", "rd": "はね", "mn": "feather; plume; down", "fr": 10564}, {"w": "大根", "rd": "だいこん", "mn": "daikon (variety of large white Oriental radish, Raphanus sativus var. longipinna", "fr": 10603}, {"w": "根っこ", "rd": "ねっこ", "mn": "root (of a plant)", "fr": 10820}, {"w": "付け根", "rd": "つけね", "mn": "root; joint; base; crotch", "fr": 12285}, {"w": "根源", "rd": "こんげん", "mn": "root; source; origin; cause", "fr": 14146}, {"w": "根底", "rd": "こんてい", "mn": "root; basis; foundation", "fr": 14324}, {"w": "尾根", "rd": "おね", "mn": "(mountain) ridge", "fr": 14878}, {"w": "根回し", "rd": "ねまわし", "mn": "laying the groundwork; behind-the-scenes maneuvering; consensus-building process", "fr": 14959}, {"w": "根幹", "rd": "こんかん", "mn": "foundation; root; basis; core; fundamentals", "fr": 18372}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 61, "rp": 4, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "苦", "g": 3, "o": 371, "f": 623, "j": null, "on": "ク", "kun": "くる.しい、-ぐる.しい、くる.しむ、くる.しめる、にが.い、にが.る", "m": "suffering; trial; worry; hardship; feel bitter; scowl", "pm": "suffering", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "古", "nj": "コ", "ne": "old"}], "hc": "flowers; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "suffering", "hs": "The picture of <b>suffering</b> we are given here is that of a <i>flower</i> that has grown <i>old</i>. When a <i>flower</i> ages, it pales and dries up, and probably even <b>suffers</b>. If you think that plants are incapable of such feelings, then ask yourself why so many people believe that talking to their flowers helps them bloom better.", "ks": "Flowers for the old man <b>suffering</b> in the hospital.", "v": [{"w": "苦しい", "rd": "くるしい", "mn": "painful; difficult; tough; hard", "fr": 973}, {"w": "苦手", "rd": "にがて", "mn": "poor (at); weak (in); not very good (at)", "fr": 1033}, {"w": "苦労", "rd": "くろう", "mn": "trouble; hardship; difficulty; labour; labor; toil; pains", "fr": 1133}, {"w": "苦しむ", "rd": "くるしむ", "mn": "to suffer; to groan; to be worried", "fr": 1639}, {"w": "苦しみ", "rd": "くるしみ", "mn": "pain; anguish; distress; suffering; hardship", "fr": 3231}, {"w": "苦しめる", "rd": "くるしめる", "mn": "to torment; to pain; to inflict (physical) pain; to hurt", "fr": 3395}, {"w": "苦痛", "rd": "くつう", "mn": "pain; agony; suffering; distress; torment", "fr": 4070}, {"w": "ご苦労さま", "rd": "ごくろうさま", "mn": "thank you (for your hard work); I appreciate your efforts", "fr": 4167}, {"w": "苦い", "rd": "にがい", "mn": "bitter", "fr": 4681}, {"w": "苦笑", "rd": "くしょう", "mn": "bitter smile; wry smile; strained laugh; sarcastic laugh", "fr": 5565}, {"w": "苦戦", "rd": "くせん", "mn": "hard fight; close game; struggle; tight contest", "fr": 6759}, {"w": "見苦しい", "rd": "みぐるしい", "mn": "unsightly; ugly; unseemly; indecent; deplorable; disgraceful; shameful", "fr": 7218}, {"w": "苦笑い", "rd": "にがわらい", "mn": "bitter smile; wry smile; forced smile; strained laugh", "fr": 7543}, {"w": "苦悩", "rd": "くのう", "mn": "(mental) agony; anguish; suffering; distress", "fr": 8555}, {"w": "苦情", "rd": "くじょう", "mn": "complaint; troubles; objection; grievance", "fr": 9703}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 257, "rp": 16, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "具", "g": 3, "o": 372, "f": 629, "j": null, "on": "グ", "kun": "そな.える、つぶさ.に", "m": "tool; utensil; means; possess; ingredients; counter for armor, suits, sets of furniture", "pm": "tool", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}], "hc": "eye; one; animal legs; eight", "hk": "tool", "hs": "Here is the full kanji on which the last frame is based. If you can think of a table full of carpenter's <b>tools</b> of all sorts, each equipped with its own <i>eye</i> so that it can keep a watch over what you are doing with it, you won't have trouble later keeping the primitive and the kanji apart.", "ks": "Keep an eye on your <b>tool</b> s while you work at the table.", "v": [{"w": "具合", "rd": "ぐあい", "mn": "condition; state", "fr": 1502}, {"w": "道具", "rd": "どうぐ", "mn": "tool; implement; instrument; utensil; apparatus; device", "fr": 1754}, {"w": "具体的", "rd": "ぐたいてき", "mn": "concrete; definite; specific; material; substantial", "fr": 2286}, {"w": "具", "rd": "ぐ", "mn": "tool; means", "fr": 6308}, {"w": "家具", "rd": "かぐ", "mn": "furniture", "fr": 6843}, {"w": "玩具", "rd": "おもちゃ", "mn": "toy", "fr": 10673}, {"w": "器具", "rd": "きぐ", "mn": "utensil; implement; tool; instrument; appliance; apparatus", "fr": 11698}, {"w": "小道具", "rd": "こどうぐ", "mn": "small tool; gadget", "fr": 16964}, {"w": "絵の具", "rd": "えのぐ", "mn": "paint; coloring materials; colors; colours", "fr": 17795}, {"w": "用具", "rd": "ようぐ", "mn": "tool; implement; instrument; equipment", "fr": 19706}, {"w": "金具", "rd": "かなぐ", "mn": "metal fittings; metal fixtures", "fr": 21861}, {"w": "具体", "rd": "ぐたい", "mn": "concreteness; embodiment", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "夜具", "rd": "やぐ", "mn": "bedding; bedclothes", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "敬具", "rd": "けいぐ", "mn": "yours sincerely; sincerely yours; yours truly", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "文房具", "rd": "ぶんぼうぐ", "mn": "stationery", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 247, "rp": 14, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "鉄", "g": 3, "o": 373, "f": 672, "j": null, "on": "テツ", "kun": "くろがね", "m": "iron", "pm": "iron", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "失", "nj": "シツ", "ne": "lose"}], "hc": "metal; gold; lose; drop; husband", "hk": "iron", "hs": "Metal . . . to drop.", "ks": "Iron man will never lose.", "v": [{"w": "鉄", "rd": "てつ", "mn": "iron (Fe)", "fr": 3296}, {"w": "鉄板", "rd": "てっぱん", "mn": "iron plate; steel plate", "fr": 11754}, {"w": "鋼鉄", "rd": "こうてつ", "mn": "steel", "fr": 14267}, {"w": "鉄砲", "rd": "てっぽう", "mn": "gun; firearm", "fr": 15408}, {"w": "鉄道", "rd": "てつどう", "mn": "railroad; railway; rail transport", "fr": 15937}, {"w": "地下鉄", "rd": "ちかてつ", "mn": "subway; metro; underground (railway)", "fr": 17887}, {"w": "鉄製", "rd": "てっせい", "mn": "made of iron", "fr": 23408}, {"w": "私鉄", "rd": "してつ", "mn": "private railway", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "製鉄", "rd": "せいてつ", "mn": "iron manufacture", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "鉄棒", "rd": "てつぼう", "mn": "iron rod; iron bar; iron club", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "鉄橋", "rd": "てっきょう", "mn": "railway bridge; iron bridge", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "鉄鋼", "rd": "てっこう", "mn": "iron and steel", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "国鉄", "rd": "こくてつ", "mn": "national railway", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "市営地下鉄", "rd": "しえいちかてつ", "mn": "municipal subway", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "製鉄所", "rd": "せいてつじょ", "mn": "ironworks; steelworks", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 84, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "返", "g": 3, "o": 374, "f": 685, "j": null, "on": "ヘン", "kun": "かえ.す、-かえ.す、かえ.る、-かえ.る", "m": "return; answer; fade; repay", "pm": "return", "r": [{"c": "反", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "anti-"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "anti-; demonstration; cliff; crotch; road", "hk": "return", "hs": "Anti- . . . road.", "ks": "Pretty obvious: to <b>return</b> is to turn back on the road you're on and go the opposite way.", "v": [{"w": "返す", "rd": "かえす", "mn": "to return (something); to restore; to put back", "fr": 388}, {"w": "返事", "rd": "へんじ", "mn": "reply; answer; response", "fr": 916}, {"w": "繰り返す", "rd": "くりかえす", "mn": "to repeat; to do over again", "fr": 1091}, {"w": "振り返る", "rd": "ふりかえる", "mn": "to turn one's head; to look over one's shoulder; to turn around; to look back", "fr": 2164}, {"w": "返る", "rd": "かえる", "mn": "to return; to come back; to go back", "fr": 3034}, {"w": "引き返す", "rd": "ひきかえす", "mn": "to turn back; to go back; to come back; to return; to retrace one's steps", "fr": 3907}, {"w": "取り返す", "rd": "とりかえす", "mn": "to get back; to regain; to recover; to make up (for); to catch up on", "fr": 4072}, {"w": "生き返る", "rd": "いきかえる", "mn": "to revive; to come to oneself; to be restored to life", "fr": 4738}, {"w": "返答", "rd": "へんとう", "mn": "reply; answer", "fr": 4873}, {"w": "繰り返し", "rd": "くりかえし", "mn": "repetition; repeat; reiteration; iteration; refrain; cycle", "fr": 4920}, {"w": "言い返す", "rd": "いいかえす", "mn": "to talk back; to answer back; to retort; to reply; to respond", "fr": 5092}, {"w": "お返し", "rd": "おかえし", "mn": "return gift; return favour", "fr": 5103}, {"w": "見返す", "rd": "みかえす", "mn": "to look (stare) back at (someone)", "fr": 5717}, {"w": "恩返し", "rd": "おんがえし", "mn": "paying back a favour; repayment (of an obligation, kindness, etc.)", "fr": 7014}, {"w": "返信", "rd": "へんしん", "mn": "reply (e.g. email, fax, letter); answer", "fr": 7183}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 233, "rp": 22, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "短", "g": 3, "o": 375, "f": 689, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "みじか.い", "m": "short; brevity; fault; defect; weak point", "pm": "short", "r": [{"c": "矢", "nj": "や", "ne": "arrow"}, {"c": "豆", "nj": "まめ", "ne": "bean"}], "hc": "dart; drop; heavens; beans; table; one; mouth", "hk": "short", "hs": "Dart . . . table.", "ks": "He's so <b>short</b> , he can't even throw over a <i>table</i> while playing <i>darts</i>.", "v": [{"w": "短い", "rd": "みじかい", "mn": "short", "fr": 1343}, {"w": "短時間", "rd": "たんじかん", "mn": "short time", "fr": 7669}, {"w": "短期間", "rd": "たんきかん", "mn": "short term; short time", "fr": 8787}, {"w": "最短", "rd": "さいたん", "mn": "shortest", "fr": 12611}, {"w": "短縮", "rd": "たんしゅく", "mn": "shortening; contraction; reduction; curtailment; abbreviation", "fr": 15122}, {"w": "短気", "rd": "たんき", "mn": "short temper; quick temper; hot temper; impatience; irritability", "fr": 15704}, {"w": "短期", "rd": "たんき", "mn": "short-term", "fr": 21367}, {"w": "短め", "rd": "みじかめ", "mn": "shortish; rather short; somewhat short", "fr": 22827}, {"w": "短編", "rd": "たんぺん", "mn": "short story; short film; short poem", "fr": 23146}, {"w": "短大", "rd": "たんだい", "mn": "junior college", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "短所", "rd": "たんしょ", "mn": "defect; demerit; weak point; disadvantage", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "短歌", "rd": "たんか", "mn": "tanka", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "短波", "rd": "たんぱ", "mn": "short wave", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "長短", "rd": "ちょうたん", "mn": "(relative) length", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "短冊", "rd": "たんざく", "mn": "tanzaku; poem slip; poetry slip", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 54, "rp": 119, "l": 28, "n": "頭"}}, {"k": "油", "g": 3, "o": 376, "f": 690, "j": null, "on": "ユ、ユウ", "kun": "あぶら", "m": "oil; fat", "pm": "oil", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "由", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "wherefore"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; sprout; shoot", "hk": "oil", "hs": "Water . . . sprout.", "ks": "The <i>liquid</i> <b>oil</b> that <i>sprouts</i> from an <b>oil</b> field.", "v": [{"w": "油断", "rd": "ゆだん", "mn": "negligence; carelessness; inattention; unpreparedness", "fr": 1903}, {"w": "油", "rd": "あぶら", "mn": "oil", "fr": 4300}, {"w": "醤油", "rd": "しょうゆ", "mn": "soy sauce; soya sauce; shoyu", "fr": 12583}, {"w": "潤滑油", "rd": "じゅんかつゆ", "mn": "lubricating oil; lubricant; lube", "fr": 20026}, {"w": "原油", "rd": "げんゆ", "mn": "crude oil", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "油絵", "rd": "あぶらえ", "mn": "oil painting", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "灯油", "rd": "とうゆ", "mn": "kerosene; paraffin; lamp oil", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "石油", "rd": "せきゆ", "mn": "oil; petroleum", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "油井", "rd": "ゆせい", "mn": "oil well", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "油彩", "rd": "ゆさい", "mn": "oil painting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "油田", "rd": "ゆでん", "mn": "oil field", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "油脂", "rd": "ゆし", "mn": "fats and oils", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "産油国", "rd": "さんゆこく", "mn": "oil-producing country", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "給油", "rd": "きゅうゆ", "mn": "refueling (a car, plane, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "給油所", "rd": "きゅうゆじょ", "mn": "gas station; petrol station; filling station; service station; fuel depot", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 174, "rp": 23, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "昭", "g": 3, "o": 377, "f": 697, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "", "m": "shining; bright", "pm": "shining", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "召", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "seduce"}], "hc": "sun; day; seduce; summon; sword; dagger; mouth", "hk": "shining", "hs": "Let the key word suggest <b>shining</b> one's shoes, the purpose of which is to <i>seduce</i> the <i>sun</i> down on them for all to see.", "ks": "<b>Shining</b> is the sun's seduction.", "v": [{"w": "昭和", "rd": "しょうわ", "mn": "Shōwa era (1926.12.25-1989.1.7)", "fr": 6875}], "p": null}, {"k": "植", "g": 3, "o": 378, "f": 699, "j": null, "on": "ショク", "kun": "う.える、う.わる", "m": "plant", "pm": "plant", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "直", "nj": "チョク", "ne": "straightaway"}], "hc": "tree; wood; straightaway; ten; needle; eye; fishhook", "hk": "plant", "hs": "You have no doubt seen how people practicing the Japanese art of bonsai take those helpless little saplings and twist them into crippled dwarves before they have a chance to grow up as they should. The more proper way to <b>plant</b> a young <i>tree</i> and give it a fair shake in life is to set it into the earth in such a way that it can grow up <i>straight</i>.", "ks": "<b>Plant</b> s don't become <i>tree</i> s <i>straightaway</i>.", "v": [{"w": "植物", "rd": "しょくぶつ", "mn": "plant; vegetation", "fr": 5301}, {"w": "植える", "rd": "うえる", "mn": "to plant; to grow; to raise", "fr": 8665}, {"w": "移植", "rd": "いしょく", "mn": "transplanting (a plant); transplant; grafting", "fr": 15886}, {"w": "植木", "rd": "うえき", "mn": "garden plant; garden tree", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "植民地", "rd": "しょくみんち", "mn": "colony", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "田植え", "rd": "たうえ", "mn": "rice planting", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "入植", "rd": "にゅうしょく", "mn": "settlement; immigration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "動植物", "rd": "どうしょくぶつ", "mn": "plants and animals; flora and fauna", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "植木鉢", "rd": "うえきばち", "mn": "flowerpot; plant pot", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "植林", "rd": "しょくりん", "mn": "afforestation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "植樹", "rd": "しょくじゅ", "mn": "tree-planting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "植物園", "rd": "しょくぶつえん", "mn": "botanical garden", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "誤植", "rd": "ごしょく", "mn": "misprint; typographical error; typo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鉢植え", "rd": "はちうえ", "mn": "potted plant", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 72, "rp": 10, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "宿", "g": 3, "o": 379, "f": 701, "j": null, "on": "シュク", "kun": "やど、やど.る、やど.す", "m": "inn; lodging; relay station; dwell; lodge; be pregnant; home; dwelling", "pm": "inn", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "佰", "nj": "ヒャク", "ne": "hundred"}], "hc": "house; person; hundred; one; ceiling; white; dove", "hk": "inn", "hs": "House . . . person . . . hundred.", "ks": "The Toyoko <b>Inn</b> can house 100 people or 1 Mr. T.", "v": [{"w": "宿る", "rd": "やどる", "mn": "to dwell (in); to exist (within); to form", "fr": 4020}, {"w": "宿題", "rd": "しゅくだい", "mn": "homework; assignment", "fr": 4278}, {"w": "宿", "rd": "やど", "mn": "lodging; inn; hotel", "fr": 4887}, {"w": "宿す", "rd": "やどす", "mn": "to house; to contain; to harbour (a feeling); to hold (e.g. dew on leaves)", "fr": 7309}, {"w": "宿命", "rd": "しゅくめい", "mn": "fate; destiny; predestination", "fr": 7712}, {"w": "合宿", "rd": "がっしゅく", "mn": "lodging together; training camp; boarding house", "fr": 10012}, {"w": "宿泊", "rd": "しゅくはく", "mn": "accommodation; lodging", "fr": 11275}, {"w": "宿敵", "rd": "しゅくてき", "mn": "old enemy; longtime enemy; arch-enemy; traditional rival; longstanding foe", "fr": 16367}, {"w": "雨宿り", "rd": "あまやどり", "mn": "taking shelter from rain", "fr": 18972}, {"w": "宿屋", "rd": "やどや", "mn": "inn", "fr": 20127}, {"w": "宿舎", "rd": "しゅくしゃ", "mn": "lodging (house); accommodation; hotel", "fr": 21273}, {"w": "下宿", "rd": "げしゅく", "mn": "boarding; lodging; board and lodging; room and board", "fr": 23239}, {"w": "民宿", "rd": "みんしゅく", "mn": "guest house; private home providing lodging for travelers; bed and breakfast; pe", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "国民宿舎", "rd": "こくみんしゅくしゃ", "mn": "inexpensive hotel operated by a local government", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宿駅", "rd": "しゅくえき", "mn": "relay station; post station; stage", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 132, "rp": 31, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "薬", "g": 3, "o": 380, "f": 702, "j": null, "on": "ヤク", "kun": "くすり", "m": "medicine; chemical; enamel; gunpowder; benefit", "pm": "medicine", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "楽", "nj": "ガク", "ne": "music"}], "hc": "flowers; music; white; dove; sparkler; tree; wood", "hk": "medicine", "hs": "Flowers . . . music.", "ks": "Flowers and music are the best medicine to make you happy.", "v": [{"w": "薬", "rd": "くすり", "mn": "medicine; pharmaceuticals; (legal) drugs; pill; ointment; salve", "fr": 1453}, {"w": "麻薬", "rd": "まやく", "mn": "narcotic; drug; dope", "fr": 12557}, {"w": "火薬", "rd": "かやく", "mn": "gunpowder; powder", "fr": 12586}, {"w": "薬品", "rd": "やくひん", "mn": "medicine; drug", "fr": 13185}, {"w": "薬指", "rd": "くすりゆび", "mn": "ring finger; third finger; fourth finger (esp. in piano-playing)", "fr": 15481}, {"w": "薬物", "rd": "やくぶつ", "mn": "drug; medicine", "fr": 15634}, {"w": "爆薬", "rd": "ばくやく", "mn": "explosive; blasting powder", "fr": 21336}, {"w": "薬局", "rd": "やっきょく", "mn": "pharmacy; drugstore; chemist's (shop)", "fr": 22452}, {"w": "農薬", "rd": "のうやく", "mn": "agricultural chemical; agrochemical; agrichemical", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "劇薬", "rd": "げきやく", "mn": "powerful medicine; strong poison", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "医薬", "rd": "いやく", "mn": "medicine; (pharmaceutical) drug; medical treatment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "医薬品", "rd": "いやくひん", "mn": "medical and pharmaceutical products; medicinal supplies; drugs; pharmaceuticals;", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弾薬", "rd": "だんやく", "mn": "ammunition; ammo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "投薬", "rd": "とうやく", "mn": "administration; medication; dosage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新薬", "rd": "しんやく", "mn": "new medicine; new drug", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 226, "rp": 34, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "習", "g": 3, "o": 381, "f": 706, "j": null, "on": "シュウ、ジュ", "kun": "なら.う、なら.い", "m": "learn", "pm": "learn", "r": [{"c": "羽", "nj": "はね", "ne": "feather"}, {"c": "白", "nj": "しろ", "ne": "white"}], "hc": "feathers; wings; white; dove", "hk": "learn", "hs": "Feathers . . . white bird.", "ks": "By the time you're old and all your feather s have turned white , you should have learn ed a thing or two.", "v": [{"w": "練習", "rd": "れんしゅう", "mn": "practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout", "fr": 1178}, {"w": "習う", "rd": "ならう", "mn": "to take lessons in; to be taught; to learn (from a teacher); to study (under a t", "fr": 3327}, {"w": "見習う", "rd": "みならう", "mn": "to follow (someone's) example; to imitate; to copy; to pattern oneself on", "fr": 4863}, {"w": "習慣", "rd": "しゅうかん", "mn": "habit", "fr": 5764}, {"w": "学習", "rd": "がくしゅう", "mn": "learning; study", "fr": 7023}, {"w": "習得", "rd": "しゅうとく", "mn": "learning; acquisition (of a skill, knowledge, etc.)", "fr": 10158}, {"w": "見習い", "rd": "みならい", "mn": "apprenticeship; probation; learning by observation", "fr": 10298}, {"w": "復習", "rd": "ふくしゅう", "mn": "review (of learned material); revision", "fr": 12291}, {"w": "予習", "rd": "よしゅう", "mn": "preparation for a lesson", "fr": 12451}, {"w": "習性", "rd": "しゅうせい", "mn": "habit", "fr": 13271}, {"w": "風習", "rd": "ふうしゅう", "mn": "custom", "fr": 14340}, {"w": "自習", "rd": "じしゅう", "mn": "self-study; teaching oneself", "fr": 17164}, {"w": "講習", "rd": "こうしゅう", "mn": "short course; training", "fr": 18019}, {"w": "実習", "rd": "じっしゅう", "mn": "practice (in the field); training (esp. practical and hands-on); practical exerc", "fr": 19116}, {"w": "演習", "rd": "えんしゅう", "mn": "practice; exercise; drill", "fr": 20578}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 100, "rp": 48, "l": 6, "n": "練習 学ぶ"}}, {"k": "倍", "g": 3, "o": 382, "f": 714, "j": null, "on": "バイ", "kun": "", "m": "double; twice; times; fold", "pm": "double", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "咅", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "to spit out"}], "hc": "person; muzzle; vase; stand up; mouth", "hk": "double", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>muzzle</i>. Do not confuse with the kanji for <i>duplicate</i> (Frame 504).", "ks": "Mr. T keeps his <b>double</b> <i>muzzled</i> … he wants all the glory.", "v": [{"w": "倍", "rd": "ばい", "mn": "double; twice (as much)", "fr": 2159}, {"w": "人一倍", "rd": "ひといちばい", "mn": "(much) more than others; exceedingly; extremely; unusually", "fr": 10514}, {"w": "倍増", "rd": "ばいぞう", "mn": "doubling; double", "fr": 14546}, {"w": "倍率", "rd": "ばいりつ", "mn": "magnification; leverage; amplification; scaling factor; scale factor", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一倍", "rd": "いちばい", "mn": "multiplying by one; original amount", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "倍加", "rd": "ばいか", "mn": "doubling", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 81, "rp": 31, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "駅", "g": 3, "o": 383, "f": 724, "j": null, "on": "エキ", "kun": "", "m": "station", "pm": "station", "r": [{"c": "馬", "nj": "うま", "ne": "horse"}, {"c": "尺", "nj": "シャク", "ne": "shaku"}], "hc": "team of horses; shaku-hachi; flag; stick", "hk": "station", "hs": "Team of horses . . . shakuhachi.", "ks": "I got off at the station and saw a trojan horse getting a shakuhachi (blowjob).", "v": [{"w": "駅", "rd": "えき", "mn": "railway station; train station", "fr": 1968}, {"w": "駅前", "rd": "えきまえ", "mn": "in front of a station", "fr": 4633}, {"w": "宿駅", "rd": "しゅくえき", "mn": "relay station; post station; stage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "終着駅", "rd": "しゅうちゃくえき", "mn": "terminal station", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駅伝", "rd": "えきでん", "mn": "long-distance relay race", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駅員", "rd": "えきいん", "mn": "(train) station attendant; station employee; station staff", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駅弁", "rd": "えきべん", "mn": "boxed lunch bought at a station (often a local specialty)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駅長", "rd": "えきちょう", "mn": "station master", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 1010, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "波", "g": 3, "o": 384, "f": 740, "j": null, "on": "ハ", "kun": "なみ", "m": "waves; billows; Poland", "pm": "waves", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "皮", "nj": "けがわ", "ne": "skin"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; pelt; branch; ten; needle; crotch; hook", "hk": "waves", "hs": "Water's . . . pelt.", "ks": "<b>Waves</b> are the ocean's pelt (skin).", "v": [{"w": "波", "rd": "なみ", "mn": "wave; billow; ripple; breaker; swell", "fr": 2636}, {"w": "電波", "rd": "でんぱ", "mn": "radio wave; reception; signal", "fr": 5382}, {"w": "波乱", "rd": "はらん", "mn": "disturbance; trouble; commotion; uproar; turmoil", "fr": 14556}, {"w": "波紋", "rd": "はもん", "mn": "ripple; ring on the water", "fr": 15615}, {"w": "津波", "rd": "つなみ", "mn": "tsunami; tidal wave", "fr": 18918}, {"w": "余波", "rd": "よは", "mn": "waves that remain after the wind has subsided", "fr": 19438}, {"w": "荒波", "rd": "あらなみ", "mn": "raging waves; stormy seas", "fr": 21201}, {"w": "波長", "rd": "はちょう", "mn": "wavelength", "fr": 21795}, {"w": "脳波", "rd": "のうは", "mn": "brain waves", "fr": 24366}, {"w": "短波", "rd": "たんぱ", "mn": "short wave", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "周波数", "rd": "しゅうはすう", "mn": "frequency (esp. of waveforms)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寒波", "rd": "かんぱ", "mn": "cold wave", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "波乱万丈", "rd": "はらんばんじょう", "mn": "stormy and full of drama; full of ups and downs; with many vicissitudes", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "波及", "rd": "はきゅう", "mn": "spread; extension; influence; aftereffect; ripple", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "波止場", "rd": "はとば", "mn": "wharf; quay; landing-stage; jetty", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 70, "rp": 60, "l": 10, "n": "波 渡る"}}, {"k": "洋", "g": 3, "o": 385, "f": 763, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "", "m": "ocean; sea; foreign; Western style", "pm": "ocean", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; sheep", "hk": "ocean", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>sheep</i>. Be sure to keep the stories and key word of this kanji distinct from those for <i>sea</i>. (Frame 500).", "ks": "This kanji refers to the <i>water</i> s of the Pa <i>sheep</i> hic <b>ocean</b>.", "v": [{"w": "洋服", "rd": "ようふく", "mn": "Western-style clothes (cf. traditional Japanese clothes)", "fr": 5773}, {"w": "西洋", "rd": "せいよう", "mn": "the West; the Occident; Western countries", "fr": 14957}, {"w": "東洋", "rd": "とうよう", "mn": "the East; the Orient; (East) Asia", "fr": 19336}, {"w": "太平洋", "rd": "たいへいよう", "mn": "Pacific Ocean", "fr": 22833}, {"w": "洋風", "rd": "ようふう", "mn": "Western style", "fr": 24456}, {"w": "海洋", "rd": "かいよう", "mn": "ocean; sea", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "南氷洋", "rd": "なんひょうよう", "mn": "Antarctic Ocean", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "和洋折衷", "rd": "わようせっちゅう", "mn": "blending of Japanese and Western styles", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "外洋", "rd": "がいよう", "mn": "open sea; ocean", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大洋", "rd": "たいよう", "mn": "ocean", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大西洋", "rd": "たいせいよう", "mn": "Atlantic Ocean", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "太平洋戦争", "rd": "たいへいようせんそう", "mn": "Pacific War (1941-1945)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "洋上", "rd": "ようじょう", "mn": "on the sea; on the ocean; offshore", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "洋室", "rd": "ようしつ", "mn": "Western-style room", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "洋式", "rd": "ようしき", "mn": "Western-style; foreign", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 43, "rp": 60, "l": 11, "n": ""}}, {"k": "旅", "g": 3, "o": 386, "f": 783, "j": null, "on": "リョ", "kun": "たび", "m": "trip; travel", "pm": "trip", "r": [{"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}, {"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}], "hc": "banner; direction; compass; direction; reclining; lying down; Carol in rags; person; rag", "hk": "trip", "hs": "Let the last 4 strokes, which are also the concluding strokes to the character for <i>garment</i> , represent a <i>rag</i> as its primitive meaning. We shall meet this only on one other occasion. This gives us as our elements: <i>banner</i> . . . <i>rag</i>.", "ks": "When taking a trip , people wave goodbye with banner s and rag s.", "v": [{"w": "旅", "rd": "たび", "mn": "travel; trip; journey", "fr": 1926}, {"w": "旅行", "rd": "りょこう", "mn": "travel; trip; journey; excursion; tour", "fr": 2209}, {"w": "旅立つ", "rd": "たびだつ", "mn": "to begin a trip; to depart; to embark", "fr": 5750}, {"w": "旅館", "rd": "りょかん", "mn": "ryokan; traditional Japanese inn", "fr": 8586}, {"w": "修学旅行", "rd": "しゅうがくりょこう", "mn": "excursion; field trip; school trip", "fr": 10323}, {"w": "旅人", "rd": "たびびと", "mn": "traveller; traveler; wayfarer; tourist", "fr": 10763}, {"w": "旅先", "rd": "たびさき", "mn": "destination; place one stays during a trip", "fr": 18572}, {"w": "海外旅行", "rd": "かいがいりょこう", "mn": "trip abroad; overseas travel", "fr": 21870}, {"w": "旅券", "rd": "りょけん", "mn": "passport", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "旅客", "rd": "りょかく", "mn": "passenger", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一人旅", "rd": "ひとりたび", "mn": "travelling alone; solitary journey", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国内旅行", "rd": "こくないりょこう", "mn": "domestic travel", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旅団", "rd": "りょだん", "mn": "brigade", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旅客機", "rd": "りょかくき", "mn": "passenger plane", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旅行会社", "rd": "りょこうがいしゃ", "mn": "travel agent; travel agency", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 182, "rp": 60, "l": 11, "n": ""}}, {"k": "級", "g": 3, "o": 387, "f": 785, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "", "m": "class; rank; grade", "pm": "class", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "及", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "reach out"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; reach out; outstretched hands", "hk": "class", "hs": "Threads . . . outstretched hands.", "ks": "Spider-Man reaches out to every class , rich and poor.", "v": [{"w": "同級生", "rd": "どうきゅうせい", "mn": "classmate", "fr": 3602}, {"w": "高級", "rd": "こうきゅう", "mn": "high-class; high-grade; high-quality; high-end; luxury", "fr": 4209}, {"w": "級", "rd": "きゅう", "mn": "(school) grade; year; class", "fr": 4891}, {"w": "階級", "rd": "かいきゅう", "mn": "(social) class", "fr": 11702}, {"w": "上級", "rd": "じょうきゅう", "mn": "upper level; upper grade; high rank; advanced level; senior level; upper class", "fr": 12954}, {"w": "最高級", "rd": "さいこうきゅう", "mn": "highest grade; top class", "fr": 14381}, {"w": "下級", "rd": "かきゅう", "mn": "lower grade; low class; junior (officer)", "fr": 19485}, {"w": "進級", "rd": "しんきゅう", "mn": "promotion (school, military, etc.)", "fr": 19719}, {"w": "一級", "rd": "いっきゅう", "mn": "one grade; first-class; primary", "fr": 22266}, {"w": "初級", "rd": "しょきゅう", "mn": "elementary level; beginner level", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "同級", "rd": "どうきゅう", "mn": "the same grade; same class", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "学級", "rd": "がっきゅう", "mn": "(school) class", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "等級", "rd": "とうきゅう", "mn": "grade; class; degree; rank; rating; order; points", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "バンタム級", "rd": "バンタムきゅう", "mn": "bantam-weight (boxer)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "フライ級", "rd": "フライきゅう", "mn": "flyweight", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 33, "rp": 18, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "幸", "g": 3, "o": 388, "f": 786, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "さいわ.い、さち、しあわ.せ", "m": "happiness; blessing; fortune", "pm": "happiness", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "ten; needle; stand up; vase; ten; needle", "hk": "happiness", "hs": "Simply by turning the dot at the top of the primitive for <i>spicy</i> into a cross shape, we move from things bitter and <i>spicy</i> to things <b>happy</b>.", "ks": "<b>happiness</b> is the ONE bite of SPICY curry.", "v": [{"w": "幸せ", "rd": "しあわせ", "mn": "happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing", "fr": 438}, {"w": "不幸", "rd": "ふこう", "mn": "unhappiness; sorrow; misfortune; disaster; accident", "fr": 2099}, {"w": "幸い", "rd": "さいわい", "mn": "happiness; blessedness; luck; fortune; felicity", "fr": 2587}, {"w": "幸運", "rd": "こううん", "mn": "good luck; fortune", "fr": 3729}, {"w": "幸福", "rd": "こうふく", "mn": "happiness; well-being; joy; welfare; blessedness", "fr": 4547}, {"w": "幸", "rd": "さち", "mn": "good luck; fortune; happiness", "fr": 12686}, {"w": "不幸せ", "rd": "ふしあわせ", "mn": "unhappiness; misfortune; ill luck", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 8, "rp": 36, "l": 6, "n": "幸せ 辛い"}}, {"k": "練", "g": 3, "o": 389, "f": 788, "j": null, "on": "レン", "kun": "ね.る、ね.り", "m": "practice; gloss; train; drill; polish; refine", "pm": "practice", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "東", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "east"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; east; tree; wood; sun; day", "hk": "practice", "hs": "Thread . . . east.", "ks": "Spidey stays on the east side of the city to <b>practice</b>. The West Side is too dangerous.", "v": [{"w": "練習", "rd": "れんしゅう", "mn": "practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout", "fr": 1178}, {"w": "訓練", "rd": "くんれん", "mn": "training; drill; practice; discipline", "fr": 3150}, {"w": "未練", "rd": "みれん", "mn": "lingering attachment; lingering affection; regret; reluctance; ruefulness", "fr": 4996}, {"w": "練る", "rd": "ねる", "mn": "to knead; to thicken into a paste (stirring over a flame)", "fr": 5308}, {"w": "試練", "rd": "しれん", "mn": "test; trial; ordeal; tribulation", "fr": 5543}, {"w": "熟練", "rd": "じゅくれん", "mn": "skill; expertise; experience; proficiency; mastery; dexterity", "fr": 16627}, {"w": "修練", "rd": "しゅうれん", "mn": "training; drill; practice; practising; discipline", "fr": 17888}, {"w": "洗練", "rd": "せんれん", "mn": "refinement; polish", "fr": 18721}, {"w": "練り", "rd": "ねり", "mn": "kneading; gloss; tempering", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 128, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "軽", "g": 3, "o": 390, "f": 790, "j": null, "on": "ケイ、キョウ、キン", "kun": "かる.い、かろ.やか、かろ.んじる", "m": "lightly; trifling; unimportant", "pm": "lightly", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "圣", "nj": "コツ", "ne": "holy"}], "hc": "car; spool; clod; toilet paper; crotch; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "lightly", "hs": "Car . . . spool.", "ks": "I want to tread lightly on the environment…. That's why I CAR-SPOOL to work everyday…. I know, lame.", "v": [{"w": "軽い", "rd": "かるい", "mn": "light (i.e. not heavy); feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving e", "fr": 860}, {"w": "気軽", "rd": "きがる", "mn": "carefree; buoyant; lighthearted; sprightly", "fr": 5762}, {"w": "軽蔑", "rd": "けいべつ", "mn": "contempt; scorn; disdain; despising; looking down on; slighting", "fr": 7277}, {"w": "軽やか", "rd": "かろやか", "mn": "light; easy; non-serious; minor", "fr": 8326}, {"w": "軽々", "rd": "かるがる", "mn": "lightly; easily; carelessly", "fr": 9892}, {"w": "軽率", "rd": "けいそつ", "mn": "rash; thoughtless; careless; hasty; imprudent", "fr": 9996}, {"w": "軽", "rd": "けい", "mn": "light (e.g. aircraft, truck)", "fr": 10303}, {"w": "軽快", "rd": "けいかい", "mn": "light (of movements); nimble; sprightly; springy", "fr": 11428}, {"w": "手軽", "rd": "てがる", "mn": "easy; simple; informal; offhand; cheap", "fr": 11889}, {"w": "身軽", "rd": "みがる", "mn": "agile; nimble; light (of foot)", "fr": 12006}, {"w": "軽減", "rd": "けいげん", "mn": "abatement; reduction", "fr": 13625}, {"w": "軽薄", "rd": "けいはく", "mn": "frivolous; flippant; superficial; shallow; trifling; insincere", "fr": 15295}, {"w": "軽食", "rd": "けいしょく", "mn": "light meal; snack; refreshments", "fr": 21707}, {"w": "軽傷", "rd": "けいしょう", "mn": "minor injury", "fr": 23178}, {"w": "軽視", "rd": "けいし", "mn": "making light of; thinking little of; slighting; belittling; dismissing; contempt", "fr": 23630}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 30, "rp": 87, "l": 14, "n": ""}}, {"k": "等", "g": 3, "o": 391, "f": 798, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "ひと.しい、など、-ら", "m": "etc.; and so forth; class (first); quality; equal; similar", "pm": "etc.", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "寺", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "Buddhist temple"}], "hc": "bamboo; Buddhist temple; soil; dirt; ground; glue", "hk": "etc.", "hs": "Bamboo . . . Buddhist temple.", "ks": "The <i>Bamboo Buddhist Temple</i> has bamboo buddhas, bamboo buildings, bamboo benches, bamboo beds, bamboo bowls, <b>etc.</b> <b>etc.</b> <b>etc.</b>", "v": [{"w": "等々", "rd": "とうとう", "mn": "etc.; et cetera; and so on", "fr": 2477}, {"w": "等", "rd": "など", "mn": "et cetera; etc.; and the like; and so forth", "fr": 3692}, {"w": "上等", "rd": "じょうとう", "mn": "superior; first-class; excellent; top quality", "fr": 3917}, {"w": "等しい", "rd": "ひとしい", "mn": "equal; identical; the same", "fr": 5026}, {"w": "平等", "rd": "びょうどう", "mn": "equality; impartiality; evenness", "fr": 5861}, {"w": "対等", "rd": "たいとう", "mn": "equality (esp. of status); equal footing; equal terms", "fr": 6218}, {"w": "優等生", "rd": "ゆうとうせい", "mn": "honor student; honours student; model student; prize pupil", "fr": 8445}, {"w": "同等", "rd": "どうとう", "mn": "equality; equal; same rights; same rank; equivalence", "fr": 8855}, {"w": "劣等感", "rd": "れっとうかん", "mn": "inferiority complex; sense of inferiority", "fr": 17823}, {"w": "高等", "rd": "こうとう", "mn": "high class; high grade", "fr": 18505}, {"w": "均等", "rd": "きんとう", "mn": "equal (distribution, treatment, level, etc.); even; uniform", "fr": 20132}, {"w": "一等", "rd": "いっとう", "mn": "first class; first rank; first grade; first place; first prize", "fr": 23964}, {"w": "等分", "rd": "とうぶん", "mn": "division into equal parts; equal parts", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "等級", "rd": "とうきゅう", "mn": "grade; class; degree; rank; rating; order; points", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "高等学校", "rd": "こうとうがっこう", "mn": "senior high school; high school", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 58, "rp": 65, "l": 12, "n": ""}}, {"k": "曲", "g": 3, "o": 392, "f": 810, "j": null, "on": "キョク", "kun": "ま.がる、ま.げる、くま", "m": "bend; music; melody; composition; pleasure; injustice; fault; curve; crooked; perverse; lean", "pm": "bend", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "廾", "nj": "にじゅうあし", "ne": "folded hands"}], "hc": "rice field; brains; stick", "hk": "bend", "hs": "Picture yourself grabbing hold of the two strokes poking out the top of the kanji and wrenching them apart, thus giving the sense of <b>bend</b>. If you think of them as deriving from the element for <i>brains</i> beneath (of course, the middle stroke has been reduplicated and pulled out to where it can be grabbed hold of), you can associate the key word with <b>bending</b> someone's mind to your own point of view.", "ks": "It looks like the mouth of <i>Bender the robot</i> , from Matt Groening's animated series \"Futurama\". Thus, I use the character <i>Bender the robot</i> as a primitive.", "v": [{"w": "曲", "rd": "きょく", "mn": "composition; piece of music; song; track (on a record)", "fr": 2515}, {"w": "曲がる", "rd": "まがる", "mn": "to bend; to curve; to warp; to wind; to twist", "fr": 3676}, {"w": "曲げる", "rd": "まげる", "mn": "to bend; to crook; to bow; to curve; to curl", "fr": 4368}, {"w": "曲線", "rd": "きょくせん", "mn": "curve", "fr": 13278}, {"w": "曲がり角", "rd": "まがりかど", "mn": "(street) corner; turn (in the road); bend", "fr": 15542}, {"w": "新曲", "rd": "しんきょく", "mn": "new (musical) composition; new piece; new song", "fr": 20034}, {"w": "一曲", "rd": "いっきょく", "mn": "tune (melody, piece of music)", "fr": 20150}, {"w": "作曲", "rd": "さっきょく", "mn": "composition (of music); setting; writing music", "fr": 22157}, {"w": "婉曲", "rd": "えんきょく", "mn": "euphemistic; circumlocutory; periphrastic; roundabout; indirect", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "戯曲", "rd": "ぎきょく", "mn": "drama; play", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "交響曲", "rd": "こうきょうきょく", "mn": "symphony", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "作曲家", "rd": "さっきょくか", "mn": "composer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "全曲", "rd": "ぜんきょく", "mn": "all compositions; the entire composition", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "協奏曲", "rd": "きょうそうきょく", "mn": "concerto", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "名曲", "rd": "めいきょく", "mn": "famous piece of music; excellent song; (musical) masterpiece", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 247, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "庭", "g": 3, "o": 393, "f": 816, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "にわ", "m": "courtyard; garden; yard", "pm": "courtyard", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "廷", "nj": "テイ", "ne": "courts"}], "hc": "cave; courts; porter; drop; samurai; stretch", "hk": "courtyard", "hs": "Cave . . . courts.", "ks": "When the courthouse caved in, trials had to be held in the <b>courtyard</b>.", "v": [{"w": "家庭", "rd": "かてい", "mn": "home; household; family; hearth", "fr": 2753}, {"w": "庭", "rd": "にわ", "mn": "garden; yard; courtyard", "fr": 2781}, {"w": "中庭", "rd": "なかにわ", "mn": "courtyard; quadrangle; middle court", "fr": 7848}, {"w": "校庭", "rd": "こうてい", "mn": "schoolyard; school playground; school grounds; campus", "fr": 11010}, {"w": "家庭教師", "rd": "かていきょうし", "mn": "(home) tutor; private tutor; private teacher", "fr": 13408}, {"w": "庭園", "rd": "ていえん", "mn": "garden; park", "fr": 15288}, {"w": "前庭", "rd": "ぜんてい", "mn": "front garden; front yard", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "家庭内", "rd": "かていない", "mn": "within the family; in the home; domestic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "家庭科", "rd": "かていか", "mn": "home economics", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "庭木", "rd": "にわき", "mn": "garden tree", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "庭球", "rd": "ていきゅう", "mn": "tennis", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 81, "rp": 33, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "血", "g": 3, "o": 394, "f": 832, "j": null, "on": "ケツ", "kun": "ち", "m": "blood", "pm": "blood", "r": [{"c": "皿", "nj": "さら", "ne": "plate"}], "hc": "drop; dish", "hk": "blood", "hs": "The <i>drop</i> in the <i>dish</i> is <b>blood</b>. It is similar to the <i>drop</i> we saw earlier on the <i>dagger</i> in the character for <i>blade</i> (Frame 88).", "ks": "You cut yourself washing the dishes, drop of blood.", "v": [{"w": "血", "rd": "ち", "mn": "blood", "fr": 801}, {"w": "血液", "rd": "けつえき", "mn": "blood", "fr": 5571}, {"w": "出血", "rd": "しゅっけつ", "mn": "bleeding; haemorrhage; hemorrhage", "fr": 6123}, {"w": "血管", "rd": "けっかん", "mn": "blood vessel; vein", "fr": 7450}, {"w": "鼻血", "rd": "はなぢ", "mn": "nosebleed", "fr": 10354}, {"w": "血圧", "rd": "けつあつ", "mn": "blood pressure", "fr": 12731}, {"w": "貧血", "rd": "ひんけつ", "mn": "anemia; anaemia", "fr": 13263}, {"w": "吸血鬼", "rd": "きゅうけつき", "mn": "vampire; bloodsucker", "fr": 14071}, {"w": "血痕", "rd": "けっこん", "mn": "bloodstain", "fr": 16266}, {"w": "血液型", "rd": "けつえきがた", "mn": "blood type; blood group", "fr": 17809}, {"w": "血縁", "rd": "けつえん", "mn": "blood relationship; consanguinity", "fr": 19279}, {"w": "流血", "rd": "りゅうけつ", "mn": "bloodshed", "fr": 21218}, {"w": "混血", "rd": "こんけつ", "mn": "mixed race; mixed parentage", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "輸血", "rd": "ゆけつ", "mn": "blood transfusion", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "内出血", "rd": "ないしゅっけつ", "mn": "internal bleeding; internal haemorrhage; internal hemorrhage", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 68, "rp": 10, "l": 1, "n": "血 皿"}}, {"k": "温", "g": 3, "o": 395, "f": 838, "j": null, "on": "オン", "kun": "あたた.か、あたた.かい、あたた.まる、あたた.める、ぬく", "m": "warm", "pm": "warm", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "昷", "nj": "オン", "ne": "to feed a prisoner"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; sun; day; dish", "hk": "warm", "hs": "Water . . . sun . . . dish.", "ks": "If you leave <b>water</b> out in the <b>sun</b> in a <b>dish</b> , naturally it will get <i>warm</i>.", "v": [{"w": "温かい", "rd": "あたたかい", "mn": "warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot", "fr": 2218}, {"w": "温泉", "rd": "おんせん", "mn": "hot spring", "fr": 4087}, {"w": "体温", "rd": "たいおん", "mn": "body temperature", "fr": 4406}, {"w": "温度", "rd": "おんど", "mn": "temperature", "fr": 4418}, {"w": "温める", "rd": "あたためる", "mn": "to warm (up); to heat (up)", "fr": 5159}, {"w": "気温", "rd": "きおん", "mn": "(air) temperature", "fr": 6980}, {"w": "温まる", "rd": "あたたまる", "mn": "to warm oneself; to sun oneself; to warm up; to get warm", "fr": 8493}, {"w": "温もり", "rd": "ぬくもり", "mn": "warmth", "fr": 8564}, {"w": "温存", "rd": "おんぞん", "mn": "preservation; retainment; keeping", "fr": 13163}, {"w": "温厚", "rd": "おんこう", "mn": "gentle; mild-mannered", "fr": 17261}, {"w": "高温", "rd": "こうおん", "mn": "high temperature", "fr": 21874}, {"w": "温い", "rd": "ぬるい", "mn": "lukewarm; tepid", "fr": 24946}, {"w": "保温", "rd": "ほおん", "mn": "retaining warmth; keeping heat in; heat insulation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "温和", "rd": "おんわ", "mn": "mild (climate); temperate; clement; pleasant; agreeable", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "温室", "rd": "おんしつ", "mn": "greenhouse; hothouse; conservatory; glasshouse", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 12, "rp": 24, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "庫", "g": 3, "o": 396, "f": 852, "j": null, "on": "コ、ク", "kun": "くら", "m": "warehouse; storehouse", "pm": "warehouse", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}], "hc": "cave; car", "hk": "warehouse", "hs": "Cave . . . car.", "ks": "I think of the Batcave. It's a big cave that Batman uses as a <b>warehouse</b> to store his car, the Batmobile, and all his cool big-boy toys.", "v": [{"w": "倉庫", "rd": "そうこ", "mn": "storehouse; warehouse; godown", "fr": 3635}, {"w": "冷蔵庫", "rd": "れいぞうこ", "mn": "refrigerator; fridge", "fr": 3809}, {"w": "金庫", "rd": "きんこ", "mn": "safe; strongbox; cashbox; vault; strongroom", "fr": 11213}, {"w": "在庫", "rd": "ざいこ", "mn": "stock; inventory", "fr": 11865}, {"w": "文庫", "rd": "ぶんこ", "mn": "library; book collection", "fr": 12075}, {"w": "冷凍庫", "rd": "れいとうこ", "mn": "freezer", "fr": 21847}, {"w": "国庫", "rd": "こっこ", "mn": "national treasury", "fr": 22760}, {"w": "車庫", "rd": "しゃこ", "mn": "garage; carport; depot (for trains, buses, etc.); shed; carbarn", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "信用金庫", "rd": "しんようきんこ", "mn": "credit union", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公庫", "rd": "こうこ", "mn": "finance corporation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宝庫", "rd": "ほうこ", "mn": "treasury; treasure house; storehouse; repository", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 112, "rp": 28, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "坂", "g": 3, "o": 397, "f": 865, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "さか", "m": "slope; incline; hill", "pm": "slope", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "反", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "anti-"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; anti-; demonstration; cliff; crotch", "hk": "slope", "hs": "Ground . . . anti-.", "ks": "A slope is anti -flat soil.", "v": [{"w": "坂", "rd": "さか", "mn": "slope; incline; hill", "fr": 6958}, {"w": "坂道", "rd": "さかみち", "mn": "hill road", "fr": 13275}, {"w": "上り坂", "rd": "のぼりざか", "mn": "ascent; uphill; upward slope", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "下り坂", "rd": "くだりざか", "mn": "downhill; downward slope; descent", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 77, "rp": 67, "l": 15, "n": ""}}, {"k": "服", "g": 3, "o": 398, "f": 873, "j": null, "on": "フク", "kun": "", "m": "clothing; admit; obey; discharge", "pm": "clothing", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "卩", "nj": "ふしづくり", "ne": "stamp"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; underpants; stamp; crotch", "hk": "clothing", "hs": "<i>Flesh</i> . . . <i>stamp</i> . . . <i>crotch</i>. Note how the <i>stamp</i> is stretched out here.", "ks": "It's customary to cover the <i>flesh</i> with <b>clothing</b> , but some designs are so outrageous they're not bigger than a <i>stamp</i> that just covers your <i>crotch</i>.", "v": [{"w": "服", "rd": "ふく", "mn": "clothes (esp. Western clothes); clothing; dress; costume; suit; outfit", "fr": 766}, {"w": "制服", "rd": "せいふく", "mn": "uniform", "fr": 2272}, {"w": "服装", "rd": "ふくそう", "mn": "attire; dress; clothes; clothing; costume; garb", "fr": 3943}, {"w": "洋服", "rd": "ようふく", "mn": "Western-style clothes (cf. traditional Japanese clothes)", "fr": 5773}, {"w": "克服", "rd": "こくふく", "mn": "conquest (of a difficulty, illness, crisis, etc.); overcoming; surmounting; brin", "fr": 6782}, {"w": "衣服", "rd": "いふく", "mn": "clothes", "fr": 7194}, {"w": "私服", "rd": "しふく", "mn": "ordinary clothes (i.e. non-uniform); plain clothes; civilian clothes; casual wea", "fr": 7519}, {"w": "不服", "rd": "ふふく", "mn": "dissatisfaction; discontent; disapproval; objection; complaint; protest; disagre", "fr": 8295}, {"w": "征服", "rd": "せいふく", "mn": "conquest; subjugation", "fr": 11575}, {"w": "服従", "rd": "ふくじゅう", "mn": "obedience; submission; resignation", "fr": 14567}, {"w": "セーラー服", "rd": "セーラーふく", "mn": "sailor suit; middy uniform", "fr": 20398}, {"w": "和服", "rd": "わふく", "mn": "Japanese clothes", "fr": 20893}, {"w": "服用", "rd": "ふくよう", "mn": "taking medicine; dosing", "fr": 23432}, {"w": "軍服", "rd": "ぐんぷく", "mn": "military uniform", "fr": 23548}, {"w": "呉服", "rd": "ごふく", "mn": "cloth (for Japanese clothes); kimono fabrics; textile; drapery; dry goods; piece", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 218, "rp": 43, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "息", "g": 3, "o": 399, "f": 882, "j": null, "on": "ソク", "kun": "いき", "m": "breath; respiration; son; interest (on money); rest; coming to an end", "pm": "breath", "r": [{"c": "自", "nj": "みずから", "ne": "self"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "nose; drop; eye; heart", "hk": "breath", "hs": "Nose . . . heart.", "ks": "Your <b>breath</b> brings oxygen in through your <i>nose</i> which is then pumped around your body by your <i>heart</i>.", "v": [{"w": "息子", "rd": "むすこ", "mn": "son", "fr": 1112}, {"w": "息", "rd": "いき", "mn": "breath; breathing", "fr": 1263}, {"w": "ため息", "rd": "ためいき", "mn": "sigh", "fr": 3269}, {"w": "一息", "rd": "ひといき", "mn": "one breath", "fr": 7007}, {"w": "寝息", "rd": "ねいき", "mn": "breathing of a sleeping person", "fr": 8277}, {"w": "休息", "rd": "きゅうそく", "mn": "rest; relief; relaxation", "fr": 8880}, {"w": "鼻息", "rd": "はないき", "mn": "nasal breathing; breathing through one's nose", "fr": 10090}, {"w": "窒息", "rd": "ちっそく", "mn": "suffocation; choking; asphyxia", "fr": 12881}, {"w": "子息", "rd": "しそく", "mn": "(another's) son", "fr": 13128}, {"w": "生息", "rd": "せいそく", "mn": "inhabiting; living", "fr": 13166}, {"w": "嘆息", "rd": "たんそく", "mn": "sigh (of grief, disappointment, etc.); grieving; lamenting; deploring", "fr": 15031}, {"w": "消息", "rd": "しょうそく", "mn": "news (from someone); letter; contact", "fr": 15484}, {"w": "息切れ", "rd": "いきぎれ", "mn": "shortness of breath; panting; puffing", "fr": 16243}, {"w": "息吹", "rd": "いぶき", "mn": "breath", "fr": 19890}, {"w": "一人息子", "rd": "ひとりむすこ", "mn": "only son", "fr": 21296}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 33, "rp": 50, "l": 7, "n": "息 意味 意見"}}, {"k": "板", "g": 3, "o": 400, "f": 926, "j": null, "on": "ハン、バン", "kun": "いた", "m": "plank; board; plate; stage", "pm": "plank", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "反", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "anti-"}], "hc": "tree; wood; anti-; demonstration; cliff; crotch", "hk": "plank", "hs": "Tree . . . anti-.", "ks": "Of course, <i>trees</i> are <i>anti-</i> plank. Wouldn't you be if you were a <i>tree</i>?", "v": [{"w": "看板", "rd": "かんばん", "mn": "signboard; sign; billboard; hoarding; doorplate", "fr": 3433}, {"w": "板", "rd": "いた", "mn": "board; plank", "fr": 5824}, {"w": "掲示板", "rd": "けいじばん", "mn": "bulletin board; display board; notice board", "fr": 10399}, {"w": "黒板", "rd": "こくばん", "mn": "blackboard", "fr": 10902}, {"w": "鉄板", "rd": "てっぱん", "mn": "iron plate; steel plate", "fr": 11754}, {"w": "甲板", "rd": "かんぱん", "mn": "deck (of a ship)", "fr": 20362}, {"w": "まな板", "rd": "まないた", "mn": "chopping board; cutting board", "fr": 21510}, {"w": "ベニヤ板", "rd": "ベニヤいた", "mn": "plywood", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "合板", "rd": "ごうはん", "mn": "veneer board; plywood", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "板ガラス", "rd": "いたガラス", "mn": "plate glass; sheet glass", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "板門店", "rd": "ぱんむんじょむ", "mn": "Panmunjom (Korea); Panmunjeom; Joint Security Area (Korean Demilitarized Zone)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登板", "rd": "とうばん", "mn": "taking the mound; pitching a game", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鋼板", "rd": "こうはん", "mn": "steel sheet; steel plate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "降板", "rd": "こうばん", "mn": "leaving the mound; being knocked out", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 17, "rp": 25, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "列", "g": 3, "o": 401, "f": 927, "j": null, "on": "レツ、レ", "kun": "", "m": "file; row; rank; tier; column", "pm": "file", "r": [{"c": "歹", "nj": "がつ", "ne": "death & dying"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "bones; one; ceiling; evening; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "file", "hs": "<i>Bones</i> . . . <i>saber</i>. The sense of the key word is of people or things lined up in a row.", "ks": "A line of skeletal warriors, all armed with sabers.", "v": [{"w": "列", "rd": "れつ", "mn": "row; line; file; column; queue; rank; procession", "fr": 5007}, {"w": "行列", "rd": "ぎょうれつ", "mn": "line; queue; procession; parade", "fr": 8886}, {"w": "列車", "rd": "れっしゃ", "mn": "train; railway train", "fr": 9441}, {"w": "整列", "rd": "せいれつ", "mn": "standing in a row; forming a line; alignment", "fr": 14023}, {"w": "羅列", "rd": "られつ", "mn": "enumeration; citation; listing", "fr": 17110}, {"w": "最前列", "rd": "さいぜんれつ", "mn": "front row", "fr": 20463}, {"w": "同列", "rd": "どうれつ", "mn": "same row; same line; same file", "fr": 22377}, {"w": "系列", "rd": "けいれつ", "mn": "series; sequence; system; succession", "fr": 22961}, {"w": "序列", "rd": "じょれつ", "mn": "rank; ranking order; hierarchy", "fr": 23022}, {"w": "陳列", "rd": "ちんれつ", "mn": "exhibition; display; putting on show", "fr": 24240}, {"w": "並列", "rd": "へいれつ", "mn": "arranging in a line; standing in a row", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "列島", "rd": "れっとう", "mn": "archipelago; chain of islands", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "配列", "rd": "はいれつ", "mn": "arranging; ordering; sequencing; lining up; laying out", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "列国", "rd": "れっこく", "mn": "nations; states", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "列挙", "rd": "れっきょ", "mn": "enumeration; list", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 1, "rp": 35, "l": 6, "n": "週刊"}}, {"k": "遊", "g": 3, "o": 402, "f": 941, "j": null, "on": "ユウ、ユ", "kun": "あそ.ぶ、あそ.ばす", "m": "play", "pm": "play", "r": [{"c": "斿", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "to swim"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "banner; direction; compass; direction; reclining; lying down; child; road", "hk": "play", "hs": "Banners . . . children . . . road.", "ks": "The BANNER warns that CHILDREN <b>PLAY</b> on the ROAD.", "v": [{"w": "遊ぶ", "rd": "あそぶ", "mn": "to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to have a good time", "fr": 547}, {"w": "遊び", "rd": "あそび", "mn": "play; playing; game", "fr": 1806}, {"w": "遊園地", "rd": "ゆうえんち", "mn": "amusement park", "fr": 6934}, {"w": "浮遊", "rd": "ふゆう", "mn": "floating; drifting; suspension", "fr": 11066}, {"w": "遊戯", "rd": "ゆうぎ", "mn": "play; playing; game", "fr": 14599}, {"w": "遊び場", "rd": "あそびば", "mn": "playground; play space", "fr": 18397}, {"w": "遊び相手", "rd": "あそびあいて", "mn": "playmate; playfellow", "fr": 20044}, {"w": "遊牧", "rd": "ゆうぼく", "mn": "nomadism", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "周遊", "rd": "しゅうゆう", "mn": "(circular) tour; round trip; excursion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "外遊", "rd": "がいゆう", "mn": "foreign travel", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遊休", "rd": "ゆうきゅう", "mn": "idle; unused; fallow", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遊撃", "rd": "ゆうげき", "mn": "raid; military attack by a mobile unit; hit-and-run attack; search-and-kill miss", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遊撃手", "rd": "ゆうげきしゅ", "mn": "shortstop; short", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遊歩", "rd": "ゆうほ", "mn": "walk; promenade", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遊覧", "rd": "ゆうらん", "mn": "sightseeing", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 127, "rp": 29, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "君", "g": 3, "o": 403, "f": 947, "j": null, "on": "クン", "kun": "きみ、-ぎみ", "m": "mister; you; ruler; male name suffix", "pm": "mister", "r": [{"c": "尹", "nj": "イン", "ne": "an official rank"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "mop; mouth", "hk": "old boy", "hs": "The somewhat highbrow British term of address is chosen hereto represent the kanji for a form of address used towards one's juniors. It is composed of: <i>mop</i> . . . <i>mouth</i>.", "ks": "The Beatles, english old boy s, had hairs like mop and a good singing mouth.", "v": [{"w": "君", "rd": "きみ", "mn": "you; buddy; pal", "fr": 218}, {"w": "君たち", "rd": "きみたち", "mn": "you (plural); all of you; you all", "fr": 1534}, {"w": "諸君", "rd": "しょくん", "mn": "you (people)", "fr": 4611}, {"w": "君臨", "rd": "くんりん", "mn": "reigning (over a country)", "fr": 10737}, {"w": "姫君", "rd": "ひめぎみ", "mn": "daughter of a person of high rank (esp. eldest daughter)", "fr": 16865}, {"w": "君主", "rd": "くんしゅ", "mn": "monarch; sovereign; ruler; liege (lord)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "君が代", "rd": "きみがよ", "mn": "Imperial reign", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "君子", "rd": "くんし", "mn": "man of virtue; wise man; (true) gentleman", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 922, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "飲", "g": 3, "o": 404, "f": 969, "j": null, "on": "イン、オン", "kun": "の.む、-の.み", "m": "drink; smoke; take", "pm": "drink", "r": [{"c": "飠", "nj": "しょくへん", "ne": "food"}, {"c": "欠", "nj": "あくび", "ne": "to lack"}], "hc": "eat; food; umbrella; good; halo; drop; silver; lack; yawn", "hk": "drink", "hs": "Food . . . yawn.", "ks": "When you <i>lack food</i> , just <b>drink</b> something to fill you up.", "v": [{"w": "飲む", "rd": "のむ", "mn": "to drink; to swallow; to take (medicine)", "fr": 314}, {"w": "飲み込む", "rd": "のみこむ", "mn": "to swallow; to gulp down", "fr": 2755}, {"w": "飲み物", "rd": "のみもの", "mn": "drink; beverage", "fr": 2900}, {"w": "飲み会", "rd": "のみかい", "mn": "drinking party; get-together (usu. involving alcoholic drinks)", "fr": 12263}, {"w": "飲食店", "rd": "いんしょくてん", "mn": "restaurant", "fr": 13322}, {"w": "飲食", "rd": "いんしょく", "mn": "food and drink; eating and drinking", "fr": 19816}, {"w": "飲酒", "rd": "いんしゅ", "mn": "drinking alcohol", "fr": 22682}, {"w": "湯飲み", "rd": "ゆのみ", "mn": "teacup", "fr": 23600}, {"w": "飲み水", "rd": "のみみず", "mn": "drinking water; potable water", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "飲料", "rd": "いんりょう", "mn": "beverage; drink", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "飲料水", "rd": "いんりょうすい", "mn": "drinking water", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "飲酒運転", "rd": "いんしゅうんてん", "mn": "drunk driving; drink-driving; driving while intoxicated; drinking and driving; d", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N5 Kanji", "i": 572, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "章", "g": 3, "o": 405, "f": 990, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "", "m": "badge; chapter; composition; poem; design", "pm": "badge", "r": [{"c": "音", "nj": "おと", "ne": "sound"}, {"c": "早", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "early"}], "hc": "vase; stand up; sunflower; early; sun; day; ten; needle", "hk": "badge", "hs": "Try to imagine a club <b>badge</b> pinned to your lapel in the form of a mammoth <i>sunflower</i> protruding from a wee little <i>vase</i>.", "ks": "Those who STAND UP EARLY receive a BADGE. ショウ 文章 ぶんしょう(a sentence).", "v": [{"w": "文章", "rd": "ぶんしょう", "mn": "writing; composition; essay; article; passage; prose; (writing) style", "fr": 4327}, {"w": "章", "rd": "しょう", "mn": "chapter; section", "fr": 7852}, {"w": "紋章", "rd": "もんしょう", "mn": "crest; coat of arms", "fr": 15416}, {"w": "勲章", "rd": "くんしょう", "mn": "decoration; order; medal", "fr": 16079}, {"w": "受章", "rd": "じゅしょう", "mn": "reception of a decoration; reception of an order", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "喪章", "rd": "もしょう", "mn": "mourning band; mourning ribbon", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "憲章", "rd": "けんしょう", "mn": "charter", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "文化勲章", "rd": "ぶんかくんしょう", "mn": "Order of Culture (Japan); Order of Cultural Merit (South Korea)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "楽章", "rd": "がくしょう", "mn": "movement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "記章", "rd": "きしょう", "mn": "medal; badge; insignia", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 34, "rp": 17, "l": 2, "n": "文章 幸せ 辛い🌶️"}}, {"k": "酒", "g": 3, "o": 406, "f": 1006, "j": null, "on": "シュ", "kun": "さけ、さか-", "m": "sake; alcohol", "pm": "sake", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; whiskey bottle", "hk": "saké", "hs": "Water . . . whiskey bottle.", "ks": "<b>Sake</b> is just watered down whisky.", "v": [{"w": "酒", "rd": "さけ", "mn": "alcohol; sake", "fr": 1401}, {"w": "居酒屋", "rd": "いざかや", "mn": "izakaya", "fr": 10707}, {"w": "酒場", "rd": "さかば", "mn": "bar; pub; tavern", "fr": 13179}, {"w": "日本酒", "rd": "にほんしゅ", "mn": "sake (rice wine); saké", "fr": 17759}, {"w": "酒屋", "rd": "さかや", "mn": "liquor store; wine shop; bottle shop", "fr": 22608}, {"w": "飲酒", "rd": "いんしゅ", "mn": "drinking alcohol", "fr": 22682}, {"w": "梅酒", "rd": "うめしゅ", "mn": "ume liqueur; Japanese plum brandy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "洋酒", "rd": "ようしゅ", "mn": "Western wine and spirits; Western liquor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "清酒", "rd": "せいしゅ", "mn": "refined sake", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禁酒", "rd": "きんしゅ", "mn": "abstinence from alcohol; temperance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "酒店", "rd": "さかだな", "mn": "liquor store; off-licence; bottle shop", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "酒税", "rd": "しゅぜい", "mn": "liquor tax; tax on alcohol", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "酒造", "rd": "しゅぞう", "mn": "brewing (sake); distilling (e.g. whisky)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "酒類", "rd": "しゅるい", "mn": "alcoholic drinks; liquor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "飲酒運転", "rd": "いんしゅうんてん", "mn": "drunk driving; drink-driving; driving while intoxicated; drinking and driving; d", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 266, "rp": 15, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "悲", "g": 3, "o": 407, "f": 1014, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "かな.しい、かな.しむ", "m": "grieve; sad; deplore; regret", "pm": "grieve", "r": [{"c": "非", "nj": "あらず", "ne": "wrong"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "un-; jail cell; prison bars; heart", "hk": "sad", "hs": "Jail cell . . . heart.", "ks": "A jail cell will make any heart sad.", "v": [{"w": "悲しい", "rd": "かなしい", "mn": "sad; miserable; unhappy; sorrowful", "fr": 1000}, {"w": "悲鳴", "rd": "ひめい", "mn": "shriek; scream", "fr": 2325}, {"w": "悲しむ", "rd": "かなしむ", "mn": "to be sad; to mourn for; to regret", "fr": 2539}, {"w": "悲しみ", "rd": "かなしみ", "mn": "sadness; sorrow; grief", "fr": 2802}, {"w": "悲劇", "rd": "ひげき", "mn": "tragedy; tragic drama; tragic play", "fr": 4850}, {"w": "悲惨", "rd": "ひさん", "mn": "disastrous; tragic; miserable; wretched; pitiful; woeful; outrageous", "fr": 7583}, {"w": "慈悲", "rd": "じひ", "mn": "mercy; compassion; clemency; pity; charity; benevolence", "fr": 8854}, {"w": "悲痛", "rd": "ひつう", "mn": "grief; sorrow; extreme sadness; heartbreak", "fr": 9780}, {"w": "悲願", "rd": "ひがん", "mn": "one's dearest wish", "fr": 14463}, {"w": "悲観", "rd": "ひかん", "mn": "pessimism; (taking a) gloomy view; discouragement; despondency; despair; disappo", "fr": 17598}, {"w": "悲観的", "rd": "ひかんてき", "mn": "pessimistic; gloomy", "fr": 22856}, {"w": "悲壮", "rd": "ひそう", "mn": "tragic but brave; heroic; grim", "fr": 23728}, {"w": "悲哀", "rd": "ひあい", "mn": "sorrow; grief; sadness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "悲嘆", "rd": "ひたん", "mn": "grief; sorrow; anguish; lamentation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "悲恋", "rd": "ひれん", "mn": "blighted love; disappointed love", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 131, "rp": 17, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "秒", "g": 3, "o": 408, "f": 1015, "j": null, "on": "ビョウ", "kun": "", "m": "second (1/60 minute)", "pm": "second (1/60 minute)", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "少", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "few"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; few", "hk": "second", "hs": "The reference here is to a <b>second</b> of time. The elements: <i>wheat</i> . . . <i>few</i>.", "ks": "I'll be with you soon… please wheat a few second s.", "v": [{"w": "秒", "rd": "びょう", "mn": "second (unit of time)", "fr": 1662}, {"w": "秒読み", "rd": "びょうよみ", "mn": "countdown", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "秒速", "rd": "びょうそく", "mn": "speed per second; velocity per second", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 118, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "暗", "g": 3, "o": 409, "f": 1040, "j": null, "on": "アン", "kun": "くら.い、くら.む、くれ.る", "m": "darkness; disappear; shade; informal; grow dark; be blinded", "pm": "darkness", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "音", "nj": "おと", "ne": "sound"}], "hc": "sun; day; sound; vase; stand up; sun; day", "hk": "darkness", "hs": "When \" <b>darkness</b> covered the earth \" at the beginning of time, there was neither <i>sun</i> nor <i>sound</i>.", "ks": "Total darkness lacks sun and sound.", "v": [{"w": "暗い", "rd": "くらい", "mn": "dark; gloomy; murky", "fr": 1062}, {"w": "暗闇", "rd": "くらやみ", "mn": "darkness; the dark", "fr": 3622}, {"w": "薄暗い", "rd": "うすぐらい", "mn": "dim; gloomy", "fr": 5586}, {"w": "暗殺", "rd": "あんさつ", "mn": "assassination", "fr": 8135}, {"w": "暗に", "rd": "あんに", "mn": "implicitly; indirectly; tacitly; by implication; obscurely", "fr": 8590}, {"w": "暗黒", "rd": "あんこく", "mn": "darkness", "fr": 10082}, {"w": "暗号", "rd": "あんごう", "mn": "code; password; cipher", "fr": 10549}, {"w": "真っ暗", "rd": "まっくら", "mn": "pitch-dark; pitch-black; completely dark", "fr": 11072}, {"w": "暗示", "rd": "あんじ", "mn": "hint; suggestion; clue; implication", "fr": 12667}, {"w": "暗記", "rd": "あんき", "mn": "memorization; memorisation; learning by heart", "fr": 13063}, {"w": "暗雲", "rd": "あんうん", "mn": "dark clouds", "fr": 24815}, {"w": "明暗", "rd": "めいあん", "mn": "light and darkness; light and shade", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暗礁", "rd": "あんしょう", "mn": "reef; sunken rock", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暗黙", "rd": "あんもく", "mn": "tacit; unspoken; implicit", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 74, "rp": 139, "l": 30, "n": ""}}, {"k": "勉", "g": 3, "o": 410, "f": 1066, "j": null, "on": "ベン", "kun": "つと.める", "m": "exertion; endeavour; encourage; strive; make effort; diligent", "pm": "exertion", "r": [{"c": "免", "nj": "メン", "ne": "excuse"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "village stocks; rabbit; bound up; human legs; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "exertion", "hs": "<i>Rabbit</i> . . . <i>muscle</i>. Notice how the last stroke of <i>rabbit</i> is stretched out to underlie the element for <i>muscle</i>.", "ks": "The energizer bunny's exertion of power keeps going and going…", "v": [{"w": "勉強", "rd": "べんきょう", "mn": "study", "fr": 777}, {"w": "勉学", "rd": "べんがく", "mn": "study; pursuit of knowledge", "fr": 15402}, {"w": "勤勉", "rd": "きんべん", "mn": "diligent; hard-working; industrious", "fr": 18152}, {"w": "勉強中", "rd": "べんきょうちゅう", "mn": "while studying; presently studying", "fr": 18951}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 169, "rp": 34, "l": 3, "n": "晩ごはん"}}, {"k": "陽", "g": 3, "o": 411, "f": 1071, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "ひ", "m": "sunshine; yang principle; positive; male; heaven; daytime", "pm": "sunshine", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "昜", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "open"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; piggy bank; sun; day; piglets", "hk": "sunshine", "hs": "Different from the primitive for <i>sun</i> (which figures in the character) and the kanji for <i>ray</i> (Frame 125), the key word <b>sunshine</b> is meant to convey the meaning of the masculine principle in nature, or  \"Yang.\" (The dark is viewed mythically as the feminine principle, see frame 1718.) From there it comes to mean <i>sun</i> also. The elements are: <i>pinnacle</i> . . . <i>piggy bank</i>.", "ks": "A kid is perched on a <i>pinnacle</i> with his <i>piggy bank</i>. He uses the coins to catch the <b>sunshine</b> , and redirect it into people's eyes, far below.", "v": [{"w": "太陽", "rd": "たいよう", "mn": "Sun", "fr": 2173}, {"w": "陽", "rd": "よう", "mn": "(the) positive", "fr": 5841}, {"w": "陽気", "rd": "ようき", "mn": "cheerful; jovial; merry; lively", "fr": 7163}, {"w": "陽光", "rd": "ようこう", "mn": "sunshine; sunlight", "fr": 13692}, {"w": "太陽系", "rd": "たいようけい", "mn": "solar system", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "太陽電池", "rd": "たいようでんち", "mn": "solar cell", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "山陽", "rd": "さんよう", "mn": "south side of a mountain; Sanyo district", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "斜陽", "rd": "しゃよう", "mn": "setting sun", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紫陽花", "rd": "あじさい", "mn": "bigleaf hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla); French hydrangea", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陰陽", "rd": "いんよう", "mn": "cosmic dual forces; yin and yang; sun and moon, etc.", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陽子", "rd": "ようし", "mn": "proton", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陽性", "rd": "ようせい", "mn": "positive (result)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 101, "rp": 38, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "皮", "g": 3, "o": 412, "f": 1092, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "かわ", "m": "pelt; skin; hide; leather; skin radical (no. 107)", "pm": "pelt", "r": [{"c": "皮", "nj": "けがわ", "ne": "skin"}], "hc": "branch; ten; needle; crotch; hook", "hk": "pelt", "hs": "The simplest way to remember this character is to see it as built up from that for <i>branch</i>. The first stroke can then stand for something  \"hanging\" down from the <i>branch</i> , namely its bark or <b>pelt</b>. The barb at the end of the second stroke is the only other change. Merely by concentrating on this as you write the following small cluster of characters should be enough to fix the form in your mind. By way of exception, you might doodle around with the kanji's form to see what you can come up with.", "ks": "Davy Crocket used to hang his coon-skin PELT on a branch that had grown out over the edge of a cliff.", "v": [{"w": "皮", "rd": "かわ", "mn": "skin; hide; pelt; fur", "fr": 3825}, {"w": "皮肉", "rd": "ひにく", "mn": "irony; sarcasm; cynicism; satire", "fr": 4094}, {"w": "皮膚", "rd": "ひふ", "mn": "skin", "fr": 5820}, {"w": "毛皮", "rd": "けがわ", "mn": "fur; skin; pelt", "fr": 16529}, {"w": "皮切り", "rd": "かわきり", "mn": "beginning; start", "fr": 20643}, {"w": "樹皮", "rd": "じゅひ", "mn": "bark (of a tree, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皮膚病", "rd": "ひふびょう", "mn": "skin disease", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皮膚科", "rd": "ひふか", "mn": "dermatology", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皮革", "rd": "ひかく", "mn": "leather; hide", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脱皮", "rd": "だっぴ", "mn": "ecdysis; shedding (of skin); sloughing; molting; moulting; casting off", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 67, "rp": 10, "l": 1, "n": "難波 皮 反対"}}, {"k": "歯", "g": 3, "o": 413, "f": 1106, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "よわい、は、よわ.い、よわい.する", "m": "tooth; cog", "pm": "tooth", "r": [{"c": "止", "nj": "とめる", "ne": "to stop"}, {"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "凵", "nj": "かんにょう", "ne": "container"}], "hc": "stop; footprint; bag of rice; shovel", "hk": "tooth", "hs": "Footprint . . . rice . . . shovel.", "ks": "<i>Stop</i> <i>shoveling</i> <i>rice</i> into your mouth, you'll hurt a <b>tooth</b>! Use chopsticks instead.", "v": [{"w": "歯", "rd": "は", "mn": "tooth; teeth", "fr": 2919}, {"w": "歯車", "rd": "はぐるま", "mn": "gear; cogwheel", "fr": 11297}, {"w": "歯止め", "rd": "はどめ", "mn": "brake; drag; skid; pawl", "fr": 16974}, {"w": "歯がゆい", "rd": "はがゆい", "mn": "(feeling) impatient; irritated; irritating; frustrated; frustrating; vexed; vexi", "fr": 17670}, {"w": "歯ブラシ", "rd": "はブラシ", "mn": "toothbrush", "fr": 20390}, {"w": "歯磨き", "rd": "はみがき", "mn": "dental brushing; brushing one's teeth", "fr": 20880}, {"w": "歯ごたえ", "rd": "はごたえ", "mn": "chewiness; firmness; feel of food while being chewed", "fr": 21456}, {"w": "歯向かう", "rd": "はむかう", "mn": "to strike back at; to bite back; to turn on; to rise against; to oppose; to defy", "fr": 21955}, {"w": "歯医者", "rd": "はいしゃ", "mn": "dentist", "fr": 23143}, {"w": "虫歯", "rd": "むしば", "mn": "tooth decay; decayed tooth; dental cavity; dental caries", "fr": 23167}, {"w": "歯科", "rd": "しか", "mn": "dentistry", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "入れ歯", "rd": "いれば", "mn": "false tooth; denture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歯切れ", "rd": "はぎれ", "mn": "feel when biting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歯科医", "rd": "しかい", "mn": "dentist", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歯科医師", "rd": "しかいし", "mn": "dentist", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 140, "rp": 22, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "柱", "g": 3, "o": 414, "f": 1119, "j": null, "on": "チュウ", "kun": "はしら", "m": "pillar; post; cylinder; support", "pm": "pillar", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "主", "nj": "シュ", "ne": "lord"}], "hc": "tree; wood; candlestick; lord; drop; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "pillar", "hs": "The <b>pillar</b> referred to here is the <i>wooden</i> beam that stands at the entrance to a traditional Japanese house. Carve it in imagination into the shape of a gigantic <i>candlestick</i> and your work is done.", "ks": "The main <b>pillar</b> in a house should be made of the biggest and strongest tree - the <i>lord</i> of the <i>trees</i>.", "v": [{"w": "柱", "rd": "はしら", "mn": "pillar; post", "fr": 4247}, {"w": "電柱", "rd": "でんちゅう", "mn": "utility pole; power pole; telephone pole; telegraph pole", "fr": 18564}, {"w": "支柱", "rd": "しちゅう", "mn": "prop; stay; support; brace; fulcrum", "fr": 22152}, {"w": "円柱", "rd": "えんちゅう", "mn": "column; shaft; cylinder", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大黒柱", "rd": "だいこくばしら", "mn": "central pillar (of a building)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 24, "rp": 17, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "祭", "g": 3, "o": 415, "f": 1124, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "まつ.る、まつ.り、まつり", "m": "ritual; offer prayers; celebrate; deify; enshrine; worship", "pm": "ritual", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "示", "nj": "しめす", "ne": "altar"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; crotch; altar; show; two; small", "hk": "ritual", "hs": "<i>Flesh</i> . . . <i>crotch</i> . . . <i>altar</i>. Note how the second element is cut short, giving a tent-like effect to the character.", "ks": "A <b>ritual</b> such as a circumcision: a small piece of flesh from the crotch is left on the altar.", "v": [{"w": "祭り", "rd": "まつり", "mn": "festival; feast; matsuri", "fr": 4207}, {"w": "祭", "rd": "まつり", "mn": "festival; feast; matsuri", "fr": 7979}, {"w": "祭壇", "rd": "さいだん", "mn": "altar", "fr": 14843}, {"w": "祭る", "rd": "まつる", "mn": "to deify; to enshrine", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "祭日", "rd": "さいじつ", "mn": "national holiday; festival day", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "ひな祭り", "rd": "ひなまつり", "mn": "Hinamatsuri (March 3); Hina Matsuri; Girls' Festival; Dolls' Festival", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "冠婚葬祭", "rd": "かんこんそうさい", "mn": "important ceremonial occasions in family relationships", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "前夜祭", "rd": "ぜんやさい", "mn": "event held the night before another event; eve (of a festival) (e.g. Christmas E", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "後の祭り", "rd": "あとのまつり", "mn": "a day after the fair; (at a) stage when it's too late", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慰霊祭", "rd": "いれいさい", "mn": "memorial service", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "祭典", "rd": "さいてん", "mn": "festival", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "祭礼", "rd": "さいれい", "mn": "(religious) festival", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "芸術祭", "rd": "げいじゅつさい", "mn": "art festival", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "葬祭", "rd": "そうさい", "mn": "funerals and ceremonial occasions", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 63, "rp": 43, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "筆", "g": 3, "o": 416, "f": 1132, "j": null, "on": "ヒツ", "kun": "ふで", "m": "writing brush; writing; painting brush; handwriting", "pm": "writing brush", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "聿", "nj": "ふでづくり", "ne": "writing brush"}], "hc": "bamboo; brush", "hk": "writing brush", "hs": "Bamboo . . . brush.", "ks": "<i>Bamboo</i> is the best material from which to make a <i>brush</i> if you want it to be a <b>writing brush</b>.", "v": [{"w": "筆", "rd": "ふで", "mn": "writing brush; paintbrush; pen", "fr": 8471}, {"w": "執筆", "rd": "しっぴつ", "mn": "writing; authoring", "fr": 9141}, {"w": "筆頭", "rd": "ひっとう", "mn": "brush tip", "fr": 9573}, {"w": "鉛筆", "rd": "えんぴつ", "mn": "(wooden) pencil", "fr": 12887}, {"w": "筆跡", "rd": "ひっせき", "mn": "handwriting", "fr": 16965}, {"w": "万年筆", "rd": "まんねんひつ", "mn": "fountain pen", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "筆者", "rd": "ひっしゃ", "mn": "writer; author", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "筆記", "rd": "ひっき", "mn": "(taking) notes; copying", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "随筆", "rd": "ずいひつ", "mn": "essays; miscellaneous writings; literary jottings", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "主筆", "rd": "しゅひつ", "mn": "editor-in-chief", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "文筆", "rd": "ぶんぴつ", "mn": "literary art; literary activity; writing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "毛筆", "rd": "もうひつ", "mn": "(writing, painting) brush", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "特筆", "rd": "とくひつ", "mn": "special mention", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "筆名", "rd": "ひつめい", "mn": "alias; pseudonym; pen name; nom de plume", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "筆記用具", "rd": "ひっきようぐ", "mn": "writing implement; writing tool", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 22, "rp": 15, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "童", "g": 3, "o": 417, "f": 1138, "j": null, "on": "ドウ", "kun": "わらべ", "m": "juvenile; child", "pm": "juvenile", "r": [{"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}, {"c": "里", "nj": "さと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "vase; stand up; computer", "hk": "juvenile", "hs": "This frame shows up the image of a <b>juvenile</b> hacker <i>standing</i> on top of a <i>computer</i> , or rather jumping up and down on it, because it refused to come up with the right answer.", "ks": "The <b>juvenile</b> stood on top of his computer and broke it. Noob.", "v": [{"w": "童話", "rd": "どうわ", "mn": "children's story; fairy tale", "fr": 17913}, {"w": "児童", "rd": "じどう", "mn": "children; juvenile", "fr": 17959}, {"w": "童顔", "rd": "どうがん", "mn": "child's face", "fr": 22062}, {"w": "学童", "rd": "がくどう", "mn": "schoolchild; pupil", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "神童", "rd": "しんどう", "mn": "child prodigy; infant genius; wonder child", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "童心", "rd": "どうしん", "mn": "child's mind; childlike innocence; naivete", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "童謡", "rd": "どうよう", "mn": "children's song; nursery rhyme", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 33, "l": 8, "n": "児童 音量 文章"}}, {"k": "畑", "g": 3, "o": 418, "f": 1176, "j": null, "on": "", "kun": "はた、はたけ、-ばたけ", "m": "farm; field; garden; one's specialty; (kokuji)", "pm": "farm", "r": [{"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}, {"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}], "hc": "fire; rice field; brains", "hk": "farm", "hs": "Looking at the primitives, a <i>fireplace</i> and a <i>rice field</i> , we find the essential ingredients for a <b>farm</b> : a warm <i>hearth</i> to sit by at night, and a well-plowed <i>field</i> to grow one's crops in by day.", "ks": "Many <b>farm</b> s are created by first setting FIRE over the land to clear the land for the FIELDS.", "v": [{"w": "畑", "rd": "はたけ", "mn": "field (for growing wheat, fruit, vegetables, etc.); cultivated land; vegetable p", "fr": 4769}, {"w": "桑畑", "rd": "くわばたけ", "mn": "mulberry field; mulberry plantation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "田畑", "rd": "たはた", "mn": "fields (of rice and other crops)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "麦畑", "rd": "むぎばたけ", "mn": "wheat field; barley field; cornfield", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 54, "rp": 11, "l": 0, "n": "畑 細い"}}, {"k": "緑", "g": 3, "o": 419, "f": 1180, "j": null, "on": "リョク、ロク", "kun": "みどり", "m": "green", "pm": "green", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "彔", "nj": "ロク", "ne": "to carve wood"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; dustpan; broom; grains of rice", "hk": "green", "hs": "Thread . . . broom . . . rice grains.", "ks": "<i>Spiderman's</i> nemesis the <b>Green</b> Goblin is in a slump, He's replaced his glider with a <i>broom</i> and is throwing <i>grains of rice</i> instead of bombs.", "v": [{"w": "緑", "rd": "みどり", "mn": "green", "fr": 3157}, {"w": "緑色", "rd": "みどりいろ", "mn": "green; green color", "fr": 8116}, {"w": "緑茶", "rd": "りょくちゃ", "mn": "green tea; Japanese tea", "fr": 20180}, {"w": "新緑", "rd": "しんりょく", "mn": "fresh verdure; new green leaves", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "緑化", "rd": "りょっか", "mn": "greening (i.e. planting to increase greenery); tree planting; afforestation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "緑地", "rd": "りょくち", "mn": "green tract of land; green space", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "緑青", "rd": "ろくしょう", "mn": "verdigris; green rust; copper rust", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 161, "rp": 21, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "礼", "g": 3, "o": 420, "f": 1185, "j": null, "on": "レイ、ライ", "kun": "", "m": "salute; bow; ceremony; thanks; remuneration", "pm": "salute", "r": [{"c": "礻", "nj": "しめすへん", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "乙", "nj": "おつ", "ne": "the second"}], "hc": "salute; altar; fishhook", "hk": "salutation", "hs": "This key word refers to the polite bows and ceremonious forms of <b>salutation</b> so important in Japanese culture. Its elements: <i>altar</i> . . . <i>fishhook</i>.", "ks": "You should fish hook (bend/bow) your body before an altar as a form of salutation to God/gods.", "v": [{"w": "失礼", "rd": "しつれい", "mn": "discourtesy; impoliteness", "fr": 506}, {"w": "失礼します", "rd": "しつれいします", "mn": "excuse me; pardon me; I beg your pardon", "fr": 873}, {"w": "お礼", "rd": "おれい", "mn": "thanks; gratitude", "fr": 972}, {"w": "礼", "rd": "れい", "mn": "thanks; gratitude", "fr": 2369}, {"w": "失礼しました", "rd": "しつれいしました", "mn": "my apologies; I'm sorry; excuse me", "fr": 2846}, {"w": "無礼", "rd": "ぶれい", "mn": "rudeness; impoliteness; discourtesy; insolence", "fr": 4876}, {"w": "礼儀", "rd": "れいぎ", "mn": "manners; courtesy; etiquette", "fr": 6008}, {"w": "洗礼", "rd": "せんれい", "mn": "baptism; christening", "fr": 19881}, {"w": "非礼", "rd": "ひれい", "mn": "impoliteness", "fr": 20363}, {"w": "謝礼", "rd": "しゃれい", "mn": "reward; honorarium; remuneration", "fr": 20835}, {"w": "儀礼", "rd": "ぎれい", "mn": "courtesy; etiquette; formality; protocol", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巡礼", "rd": "じゅんれい", "mn": "pilgrimage; pilgrim", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "朝礼", "rd": "ちょうれい", "mn": "morning assembly (at a company, school, etc.); morning gathering", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "礼拝", "rd": "れいはい", "mn": "worship (esp. Christian); (church) service", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "礼服", "rd": "れいふく", "mn": "formal dress; ceremonial dress; morning dress; evening dress; dress suit", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 350, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": "礼 札幌"}}, {"k": "詩", "g": 3, "o": 421, "f": 1196, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "うた", "m": "poem; poetry", "pm": "poem", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "寺", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "Buddhist temple"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; Buddhist temple; soil; dirt; ground; glue", "hk": "poem", "hs": "Since silence is treasured so highly at a <i>Buddhist temple</i> the <i>words</i> spoken there must be well-chosen. Perhaps this is why the records of the monks often read to us like <b>poems</b>. Before going on, back up a frame and make sure you have kept <b>poem</b> and <i>recitation</i> distinct in your mind.", "ks": "A poem is a temple of words.", "v": [{"w": "詩", "rd": "し", "mn": "poem; poetry; verse", "fr": 9812}, {"w": "詩人", "rd": "しじん", "mn": "poet", "fr": 18258}, {"w": "叙事詩", "rd": "じょじし", "mn": "epic (poem); epic poetry", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漢詩", "rd": "かんし", "mn": "Chinese poem; Chinese poetry", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "詩情", "rd": "しじょう", "mn": "poetic sentiment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "詩歌", "rd": "しいか", "mn": "Japanese and Chinese poetry", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "詩集", "rd": "ししゅう", "mn": "poetry anthology; collection of poems; collected poems", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "近代詩", "rd": "きんだいし", "mn": "modern poetry; modern-style poetry", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "風物詩", "rd": "ふうぶつし", "mn": "feature of the season; something characteristic of a particular season", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "昔", "g": 3, "o": 422, "f": 1197, "j": null, "on": "セキ、シャク", "kun": "むかし", "m": "once upon a time; antiquity; old times", "pm": "once upon a time", "r": [{"c": "廾", "nj": "にじゅうあし", "ne": "folded hands"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "salad; flowers; one; floor; sun; day", "hk": "once upon a time", "hs": "<i>Salad</i> . . . <i>days</i>. This is the character with which Japanese fairytales commonly begin.", "ks": "<b>Once upon a time</b> , the children were forced to eat their salad every day.", "v": [{"w": "昔", "rd": "むかし", "mn": "the old days; the past; former times; a long time ago", "fr": 288}, {"w": "昔話", "rd": "むかしばなし", "mn": "old tale; folk tale; legend", "fr": 8182}, {"w": "大昔", "rd": "おおむかし", "mn": "ancient times; prehistoric times; the distant past; a very long time ago", "fr": 9140}, {"w": "昔のまま", "rd": "むかしのまま", "mn": "the way it was; the way it used be; as of old; in former times", "fr": 21424}, {"w": "一昔", "rd": "ひとむかし", "mn": "an age (ago); a long time (ago); a decade (ago)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "今昔", "rd": "こんじゃく", "mn": "past and present", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 616, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "泳", "g": 3, "o": 423, "f": 1223, "j": null, "on": "エイ", "kun": "およ.ぐ", "m": "swim", "pm": "swim", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "永", "nj": "エイ", "ne": "eternity"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; eternity", "hk": "swim", "hs": "The primitive to the left, you will recall from Frame 137, represents <i>water</i>. To the right, we see the kanji for <i>eternity</i>. Knowing how much children like <b>swimming</b> , what could be a better image of <i>eternal</i> bliss than an endless expanse of <i>water</i> to <b>swim</b> in without a care in the world?", "ks": "If you don't know how to <b>swim</b> , you'll be in that <i>water</i> for <i>eternity</i>.", "v": [{"w": "泳ぐ", "rd": "およぐ", "mn": "to swim", "fr": 2457}, {"w": "水泳", "rd": "すいえい", "mn": "swimming", "fr": 13302}, {"w": "泳ぎ", "rd": "およぎ", "mn": "swimming", "fr": 17538}, {"w": "平泳ぎ", "rd": "ひらおよぎ", "mn": "breaststroke (swimming)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競泳", "rd": "きょうえい", "mn": "competitive swimming; swimming race", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "背泳ぎ", "rd": "せおよぎ", "mn": "backstroke (swimming)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遠泳", "rd": "えんえい", "mn": "long-distance swimming", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 38, "rp": 39, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "荷", "g": 3, "o": 424, "f": 1230, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "に", "m": "baggage; shoulder-pole load; bear (a burden); shoulder (a gun); load; cargo; freight", "pm": "baggage", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "何", "nj": "カ", "ne": "what"}], "hc": "flowers; what; person; can; mouth; street; nail; spike", "hk": "baggage", "hs": "Flowers . . . what.", "ks": "TSA guard: <i>What's</i> in the <b>baggage</b>?! It's just <i>flowers</i> , I swear!", "v": [{"w": "荷物", "rd": "にもつ", "mn": "luggage; baggage; package", "fr": 1187}, {"w": "重荷", "rd": "おもに", "mn": "load; heavy burden; encumbrance; heavy freight; heavy responsibility", "fr": 10538}, {"w": "負荷", "rd": "ふか", "mn": "burdening; bearing; shouldering; imposing", "fr": 11182}, {"w": "荷", "rd": "に", "mn": "load; baggage; cargo; freight; goods", "fr": 12154}, {"w": "荷台", "rd": "にだい", "mn": "(truck) load-carrying tray; (bicycle) luggage carrier; roof rack", "fr": 16857}, {"w": "入荷", "rd": "にゅうか", "mn": "arrival of goods; goods received", "fr": 20459}, {"w": "荷造り", "rd": "にづくり", "mn": "packing; baling; crating", "fr": 22379}, {"w": "出荷", "rd": "しゅっか", "mn": "shipping; shipment; forwarding; sending (goods); delivery", "fr": 23282}, {"w": "手荷物", "rd": "てにもつ", "mn": "hand luggage; hand baggage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "稲荷", "rd": "いなり", "mn": "Inari (god of harvests, Uka-no-Mitama)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "荷揚げ", "rd": "にあげ", "mn": "unloading; landing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "荷札", "rd": "にふだ", "mn": "label; tag", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "集荷", "rd": "しゅうか", "mn": "collection of cargo (esp. produce, etc.); cargo booking", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 102, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "炭", "g": 3, "o": 425, "f": 1307, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "すみ", "m": "charcoal; coal", "pm": "charcoal", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "灰", "nj": "カイ", "ne": "ashes"}], "hc": "mountain; ashes; cliff; fire", "hk": "charcoal", "hs": "Mountain . . . ashes.", "ks": "Burn enough <b>charcoal</b> and you'll have a <i>mountain</i> of <i>ash</i>.", "v": [{"w": "炭", "rd": "すみ", "mn": "charcoal", "fr": 14241}, {"w": "炭酸", "rd": "たんさん", "mn": "carbonic acid", "fr": 17728}, {"w": "炭素", "rd": "たんそ", "mn": "carbon (C)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "炭鉱", "rd": "たんこう", "mn": "coal mine; (coal) pit; colliery", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "石炭", "rd": "せきたん", "mn": "coal", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一酸化炭素", "rd": "いっさんかたんそ", "mn": "carbon monoxide", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "二酸化炭素", "rd": "にさんかたんそ", "mn": "carbon dioxide; CO2", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "採炭", "rd": "さいたん", "mn": "coal mining; coal extraction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "木炭", "rd": "もくたん", "mn": "charcoal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "泥炭", "rd": "でいたん", "mn": "peat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "炭田", "rd": "たんでん", "mn": "coalfield; coal field", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "薪炭", "rd": "しんたん", "mn": "wood and charcoal; fuel", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 46, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": "炭 片付ける"}}, {"k": "丁", "g": 3, "o": 426, "f": 1312, "j": null, "on": "チョウ、テイ、チン、トウ、チ", "kun": "ひのと", "m": "street; ward; town; counter for guns, tools, leaves or cakes of something; even number; 4th calendar sign", "pm": "street", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "亅", "nj": "はねぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke with a hook"}], "hc": "nail; spike", "hk": "street", "hs": "The picture here is of a <b>street</b> sign on a long pole: Hollywood and Vine, if you please, or any <i>street</i> that immediately conjure sup the image of a <b>street</b> sign to you.", "ks": "Two street s make a T-intersection.", "v": [{"w": "丁寧", "rd": "ていねい", "mn": "polite; courteous; civil", "fr": 2476}, {"w": "包丁", "rd": "ほうちょう", "mn": "kitchen knife", "fr": 5537}, {"w": "丁重", "rd": "ていちょう", "mn": "polite; courteous; hospitable", "fr": 10051}, {"w": "丁度", "rd": "ちょうど", "mn": "exactly; precisely; just; right; opportunely; fortunately", "fr": 10063}, {"w": "丁目", "rd": "ちょうめ", "mn": "district of a town; city block (of irregular size)", "fr": 10091}, {"w": "一丁", "rd": "いっちょう", "mn": "one leaf (of a book bound in Japanese style)", "fr": 14991}, {"w": "装丁", "rd": "そうてい", "mn": "binding (of a book)", "fr": 21941}, {"w": "八丁", "rd": "はっちょう", "mn": "skillfulness", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "湖", "g": 3, "o": 427, "f": 1344, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "みずうみ", "m": "lake", "pm": "lake", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "胡", "nj": "ウ", "ne": "barbarian"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; uncivilized; zombie; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "lake", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>old</i> . . . <i>flesh</i>. You have heard of legends of people being abandoned in the mountains when they had become too old to work. Well, here is a legend about people being set adrift in the <i>waters</i> of a stormy <b>lake</b> because their <i>flesh</i> had gotten too <i>old</i> to bear the burdens of life.", "ks": "Water reflects the old moon in the lake.", "v": [{"w": "湖", "rd": "みずうみ", "mn": "lake", "fr": 6510}, {"w": "湖水", "rd": "こすい", "mn": "lake; lake water", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "湖沼", "rd": "こしょう", "mn": "lake; marsh; wetland; inland waters", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "湖畔", "rd": "こはん", "mn": "lakeside; lakeshore; lakefront", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "琵琶湖", "rd": "びわこ", "mn": "Lake Biwa; Biwako", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 41, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "湯", "g": 3, "o": 428, "f": 1356, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "ゆ", "m": "hot water; bath; hot spring", "pm": "hot water", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "昜", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "open"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; piggy bank; sun; day; piglets", "hk": "hot water", "hs": "Water . . . piggy bank.", "ks": "Imagine a <b>hot water</b> kettle for your tea, except this one is a pink piggy bank that pours the water from its snout (and squeals when the water is piping hot). Make sure to use a potholder!", "v": [{"w": "湯", "rd": "ゆ", "mn": "hot water", "fr": 5340}, {"w": "湯気", "rd": "ゆげ", "mn": "steam; vapour; vapor", "fr": 7338}, {"w": "銭湯", "rd": "せんとう", "mn": "public bath; bathhouse", "fr": 16931}, {"w": "熱湯", "rd": "ねっとう", "mn": "boiling water", "fr": 21274}, {"w": "湯飲み", "rd": "ゆのみ", "mn": "teacup", "fr": 23600}, {"w": "湯のみ", "rd": "ゆのみ", "mn": "teacup", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "茶の湯", "rd": "ちゃのゆ", "mn": "tea ceremony; chanoyu", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "湯沸かし器", "rd": "ゆわかしき", "mn": "water heater; water boiler", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "湯治", "rd": "とうじ", "mn": "hot-spring cure; taking the baths", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 35, "rp": 13, "l": 1, "n": "湯 温泉 易しい"}}, {"k": "箱", "g": 3, "o": 429, "f": 1357, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "はこ", "m": "box; chest; case; bin; railway car", "pm": "box", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "相", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "inter-"}], "hc": "bamboo; inter; Inter Milan; tree; wood; eye", "hk": "box", "hs": "Bamboo . . . inter-.", "ks": "Stick your bamboo in her box to have inter-.", "v": [{"w": "箱", "rd": "はこ", "mn": "box; case; chest; package; pack; crate", "fr": 2075}, {"w": "ゴミ箱", "rd": "ゴミばこ", "mn": "trash can; garbage can; rubbish bin; dustbin", "fr": 8864}, {"w": "投票箱", "rd": "とうひょうばこ", "mn": "ballot box", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "救急箱", "rd": "きゅうきゅうばこ", "mn": "first-aid kit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "本箱", "rd": "ほんばこ", "mn": "bookcase", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "私書箱", "rd": "ししょばこ", "mn": "post office box", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "重箱", "rd": "じゅうばこ", "mn": "jūbako", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 138, "rp": 27, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "豆", "g": 3, "o": 430, "f": 1422, "j": null, "on": "トウ、ズ", "kun": "まめ、まめ-", "m": "beans; pea; midget", "pm": "beans", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "table; one; mouth", "hk": "beans", "hs": "This kanji depicts a pot of <b>beans</b> , although it looks more like a table on which the pot is resting.", "ks": "If I eat <b>BEANS</b> , after <i>ONE</i> <i>MOUTHful</i> I fart like some kind of <i>HORNED ANIMAL</i>.", "v": [{"w": "豆", "rd": "まめ", "mn": "legume (esp. edible legumes or their seeds, e.g. beans, peas, pulses); bean; pea", "fr": 7206}, {"w": "豆腐", "rd": "とうふ", "mn": "tofu; bean curd; beancurd", "fr": 10851}, {"w": "納豆", "rd": "なっとう", "mn": "natto (fermented soybeans)", "fr": 15781}, {"w": "大豆", "rd": "だいず", "mn": "soya bean (Glycine max); soybean; soy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "小豆", "rd": "あずき", "mn": "adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "枝豆", "rd": "えだまめ", "mn": "edamame (green soybeans)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "豆乳", "rd": "とうにゅう", "mn": "soy milk", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "豆知識", "rd": "まめちしき", "mn": "trivia; snippet of knowledge", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 167, "rp": 12, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "暑", "g": 3, "o": 431, "f": 1442, "j": null, "on": "ショ", "kun": "あつ.い", "m": "sultry; hot; summer heat", "pm": "sultry", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "者", "nj": "シャ", "ne": "someone"}], "hc": "sun; day; someone; puppet; sooty; old man", "hk": "sultry", "hs": "The key word refers to the heat of summer. Its elements: <i>sun</i> . . . <i>puppet</i>.", "ks": "Ahh, a fine <b>sultry</b> day with my <i>love doll</i> under the hot <i>sun</i>. I think she's getting a tan!", "v": [{"w": "暑い", "rd": "あつい", "mn": "hot; warm; sultry; heated", "fr": 1902}, {"w": "暑さ", "rd": "あつさ", "mn": "heat (of the weather); hotness", "fr": 7539}, {"w": "蒸し暑い", "rd": "むしあつい", "mn": "humid; sultry", "fr": 19479}, {"w": "暑中", "rd": "しょちゅう", "mn": "height of summer; high summer; hottest part of the summer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暑中見舞", "rd": "しょちゅうみまい", "mn": "summer greeting card; inquiry after someone's health in the hot season", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "残暑", "rd": "ざんしょ", "mn": "late summer heat; lingering summer heat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "猛暑", "rd": "もうしょ", "mn": "heat wave; fierce heat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "避暑", "rd": "ひしょ", "mn": "escaping the summer heat; going somewhere cooler during the summer; summering", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "酷暑", "rd": "こくしょ", "mn": "intense heat; severe heat", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 95, "rp": 36, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "氷", "g": 3, "o": 432, "f": 1450, "j": null, "on": "ヒョウ", "kun": "こおり、ひ、こお.る", "m": "icicle; ice; hail; freeze; congeal", "pm": "icicle", "r": [{"c": "水", "nj": "みず", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "drop; water", "hk": "icicle", "hs": "The appearance of the primitive for <i>water</i> in its full form tells us that we have something to do with <i>water</i> here. The extra <i>drop</i> to the left, added as a second stroke, changes the picture from a splash caused by a <i>walking stick</i> dropped into <i>water</i> to form an <b>icicle</b>. If it helps, when you hold an <b>icicle</b> up to the light, you can usually see little crystallizations of five-pointed stars inside of it, which is the shape we have in this kanji.", "ks": "<b>Icicle</b> s start with 1 frozen <i>drop</i> of <i>water</i>.", "v": [{"w": "氷", "rd": "こおり", "mn": "ice", "fr": 2807}, {"w": "かき氷", "rd": "かきごおり", "mn": "shaved ice (usually served with flavored simple syrup); Italian ice; snow cone; ", "fr": 17145}, {"w": "南氷洋", "rd": "なんひょうよう", "mn": "Antarctic Ocean", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "氷山", "rd": "ひょうざん", "mn": "iceberg", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "氷河", "rd": "ひょうが", "mn": "glacier", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "氷点下", "rd": "ひょうてんか", "mn": "below freezing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "流氷", "rd": "りゅうひょう", "mn": "drift ice; ice floe", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 62, "rp": 13, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "寒", "g": 3, "o": 433, "f": 1456, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "さむ.い", "m": "cold", "pm": "cold", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "三", "nj": "サン", "ne": "three"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}, {"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}], "hc": "Baba Yaga’s hut; house; celery; animal legs; ice", "hk": "cold", "hs": "House . . . celery . . . animal legs . . . ice.", "ks": "A <b>cold</b> lunch: in the <i>house</i> , <i>celery</i> , pre cooked <i>animal legs</i> (i.e. chicken drumsticks) and <i>ice</i> tea.", "v": [{"w": "寒い", "rd": "さむい", "mn": "cold (e.g. weather)", "fr": 1284}, {"w": "寒さ", "rd": "さむさ", "mn": "coldness", "fr": 5799}, {"w": "寒気", "rd": "かんき", "mn": "cold; coldness; cold air", "fr": 9576}, {"w": "悪寒", "rd": "おかん", "mn": "chill; shakes; ague", "fr": 12110}, {"w": "肌寒い", "rd": "はださむい", "mn": "chilly; unpleasantly cold", "fr": 12316}, {"w": "寒中", "rd": "かんちゅう", "mn": "mid-winter; cold season", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寒冷", "rd": "かんれい", "mn": "cold; coldness; chilliness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寒暖計", "rd": "かんだんけい", "mn": "thermometer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寒村", "rd": "かんそん", "mn": "poor village; desolate village; lonely village; remote village", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寒波", "rd": "かんぱ", "mn": "cold wave", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "極寒", "rd": "ごっかん", "mn": "extreme cold; intense cold; coldest season; midwinter", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 159, "rp": 37, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "帳", "g": 3, "o": 434, "f": 1459, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "とばり", "m": "notebook; account book; album; curtain; veil; net; tent", "pm": "notebook", "r": [{"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}, {"c": "長", "nj": "ながい", "ne": "long"}], "hc": "towel; long", "hk": "notebook", "hs": "Towel . . . long.", "ks": "In ancient China books were rolled-up scrolls of paper. So <b>notebook</b> s were nothing more than <i>long towels</i>.", "v": [{"w": "手帳", "rd": "てちょう", "mn": "notebook; memo pad; (pocket) diary", "fr": 9498}, {"w": "几帳面", "rd": "きちょうめん", "mn": "methodical; precise; meticulous; scrupulous; regular; punctual", "fr": 18617}, {"w": "帳消し", "rd": "ちょうけし", "mn": "writing off (a debt); cancellation; balancing the books", "fr": 18628}, {"w": "メモ帳", "rd": "メモちょう", "mn": "memo book; memo pad; notebook; notepad; scratchpad; scratch pad; writing pad; jo", "fr": 19431}, {"w": "帳簿", "rd": "ちょうぼ", "mn": "account book; register; ledger", "fr": 20137}, {"w": "通帳", "rd": "つうちょう", "mn": "passbook; bankbook", "fr": 24122}, {"w": "台帳", "rd": "だいちょう", "mn": "account book; ledger; register", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蚊帳", "rd": "かや", "mn": "mosquito net", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "記帳", "rd": "きちょう", "mn": "registry; entry; book-keeping; signature", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "電話帳", "rd": "でんわちょう", "mn": "telephone directory; telephone book; phone book", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "拾", "g": 3, "o": 435, "f": 1479, "j": null, "on": "シュウ、ジュウ", "kun": "ひろ.う", "m": "pick up; gather; find; go on foot; ten", "pm": "pick up", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "合", "nj": "ゴウ", "ne": "fit"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; fit; meeting; umbrella; one; mouth", "hk": "pick up", "hs": "<i>Fingers</i> . . . <i>fit together</i>. Compare frame 698.", "ks": "I tried to <b>PICK UP</b> the bowling ball…but my FINGERS didn't FIT in the holes.", "v": [{"w": "拾う", "rd": "ひろう", "mn": "to pick up; to gather", "fr": 1198}, {"w": "収拾", "rd": "しゅうしゅう", "mn": "control; bringing under control; settling (a matter); putting in order", "fr": 13845}, {"w": "拾い物", "rd": "ひろいもの", "mn": "found article; thing picked up (e.g. in the street)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拾得", "rd": "しゅうとく", "mn": "finding (lost property); picking up", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 38, "rp": 18, "l": 3, "n": "捨てる 拾う"}}, {"k": "漢", "g": 3, "o": 436, "f": 1487, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "", "m": "Sino-; China", "pm": "Sino-", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "夫", "nj": "フ", "ne": "husband"}], "hc": "sino; water; water droplets; water pistol; scarecrow; flowers; mouth; husband", "hk": "Sino-", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>scarecrow</i>. The key word has come to refer to things Chinese in general, including the kanji themselves (for which this character is used).", "ks": "Kanji came from across the water , on the Sino- side of things.", "v": [{"w": "漢字", "rd": "かんじ", "mn": "kanji; Chinese character", "fr": 7468}, {"w": "痴漢", "rd": "ちかん", "mn": "molester; groper; masher; pervert", "fr": 13281}, {"w": "漢和", "rd": "かんわ", "mn": "China and Japan", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "漢語", "rd": "かんご", "mn": "Japanese word of Chinese origin; Sino-Japanese word", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "巨漢", "rd": "きょかん", "mn": "giant", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "常用漢字", "rd": "じょうようかんじ", "mn": "jōyō kanji; kanji for common use", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漢文", "rd": "かんぶん", "mn": "Chinese classical writing; Chinese classics", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漢方", "rd": "かんぽう", "mn": "traditional Chinese medicine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漢方薬", "rd": "かんぽうやく", "mn": "Chinese herbal medicine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漢詩", "rd": "かんし", "mn": "Chinese poem; Chinese poetry", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "門外漢", "rd": "もんがいかん", "mn": "outsider; layman; amateur", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 105, "rp": 30, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "鼻", "g": 3, "o": 437, "f": 1632, "j": null, "on": "ビ", "kun": "はな", "m": "nose; snout", "pm": "nose", "r": [{"c": "自", "nj": "みずから", "ne": "self"}, {"c": "畀", "nj": "ヒ", "ne": "to give"}], "hc": "drop; eye; rice field; brains; two hands", "hk": "nose", "hs": "Let me share a rather grotesque image to help with this kanji. Imagine taking your <i>two hands</i> and reaching up into someone's <i>nostrils</i>. Once inside you grab hold of the <i>brain</i> and yank it out. At the end, you would have a picture something like that of this character, the full kanji for <b>nose</b>.", "ks": "An Egyptian embalmer reaching <i>both hands</i> into the dead pharaoh's <b>nose</b> and yanking out handfuls of <i>brain</i>.", "v": [{"w": "鼻", "rd": "はな", "mn": "nose", "fr": 2007}, {"w": "鼻先", "rd": "はなさき", "mn": "tip of nose", "fr": 9451}, {"w": "鼻息", "rd": "はないき", "mn": "nasal breathing; breathing through one's nose", "fr": 10090}, {"w": "鼻血", "rd": "はなぢ", "mn": "nosebleed", "fr": 10354}, {"w": "鼻水", "rd": "はなみず", "mn": "nasal mucus; dripping nose; snot", "fr": 12574}, {"w": "耳鼻科", "rd": "じびか", "mn": "otolaryngology; ear, nose, and throat department", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "鼻紙", "rd": "はながみ", "mn": "tissue paper; facial tissue; paper handkerchief", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 9, "rp": 11, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "皿", "g": 3, "o": 438, "f": 1812, "j": null, "on": "ベイ", "kun": "さら", "m": "dish; a helping; plate", "pm": "dish", "r": [{"c": "皿", "nj": "さら", "ne": "plate"}], "hc": "", "hk": "dish", "hs": "The kanji for a <b>dish</b> is, clearly, the pictograph of a painted or carved bowl, seen from the side.", "ks": "Three <b>dish</b> es stacked side-by-side in a <b>dish</b> washer.", "v": [{"w": "皿", "rd": "さら", "mn": "plate; dish; platter; disc", "fr": 3881}, {"w": "灰皿", "rd": "はいざら", "mn": "ashtray", "fr": 20763}, {"w": "小皿", "rd": "こざら", "mn": "small plate; small dish", "fr": 24111}, {"w": "皿洗い", "rd": "さらあらい", "mn": "washing-up; dish-washing", "fr": 24201}, {"w": "受け皿", "rd": "うけざら", "mn": "saucer", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 90, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "羊", "g": 3, "o": 439, "f": 1852, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "ひつじ", "m": "sheep", "pm": "sheep", "r": [{"c": "䒑", "nj": "", "ne": "grass"}], "hc": "horns", "hk": "sheep", "hs": "This pictograph shows the animal <i>horns</i> at the top attached to the head (3rd stroke), the front and back legs (strokes 4 and 5) and body (final stroke).", "ks": "The horny king of the SHEEP had a huge erection.", "v": [{"w": "羊", "rd": "ひつじ", "mn": "sheep (Ovis aries)", "fr": 9235}, {"w": "羊毛", "rd": "ようもう", "mn": "wool", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "子羊", "rd": "こひつじ", "mn": "lamb", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "羊肉", "rd": "ようにく", "mn": "mutton; lamb (meat)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "笛", "g": 3, "o": 440, "f": 1928, "j": null, "on": "テキ", "kun": "ふえ", "m": "flute; clarinet; pipe; whistle; bagpipe; piccolo", "pm": "flute", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "由", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "wherefore"}], "hc": "bamboo; sprout; shoot", "hk": "flute", "hs": "Bamboo . . . sprout.", "ks": "Flute is made of bamboo sprout.", "v": [{"w": "笛", "rd": "ふえ", "mn": "flute; fife; pipe; recorder; flageolet; shakuhachi; clarinet", "fr": 9796}, {"w": "口笛", "rd": "くちぶえ", "mn": "whistle (sound made with the lips)", "fr": 16490}, {"w": "汽笛", "rd": "きてき", "mn": "steam whistle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "警笛", "rd": "けいてき", "mn": "horn; alarm; whistle; foghorn", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "議", "g": 4, "o": 441, "f": 25, "j": null, "on": "ギ", "kun": "", "m": "deliberation; consultation; debate; consideration", "pm": "deliberation", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "義", "nj": "ギ", "ne": "righteousness"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; righteousness; sheep; ego; hand; fiesta", "hk": "deliberation", "hs": "Words . . . righteousness.", "ks": "Careful <b>deliberation</b> produces <i>words</i> of <i>righteousness</i>.", "v": [{"w": "不思議", "rd": "ふしぎ", "mn": "wonderful; marvelous; strange; incredible; amazing; curious; miraculous; mysteri", "fr": 681}, {"w": "会議", "rd": "かいぎ", "mn": "meeting; conference; session; assembly; council; convention; congress", "fr": 2481}, {"w": "抗議", "rd": "こうぎ", "mn": "protest; objection", "fr": 4973}, {"w": "議論", "rd": "ぎろん", "mn": "argument; discussion; dispute; controversy", "fr": 6560}, {"w": "異議", "rd": "いぎ", "mn": "objection; dissent; protest", "fr": 10440}, {"w": "会議室", "rd": "かいぎしつ", "mn": "conference room; council room", "fr": 11149}, {"w": "議員", "rd": "ぎいん", "mn": "member of an assembly; member of the Diet; member of parliament; member of Congr", "fr": 12761}, {"w": "議題", "rd": "ぎだい", "mn": "topic of discussion; agenda", "fr": 13638}, {"w": "協議", "rd": "きょうぎ", "mn": "conference; consultation; discussion; negotiation", "fr": 16174}, {"w": "議会", "rd": "ぎかい", "mn": "congress; parliament; diet; legislative assembly", "fr": 21426}, {"w": "議長", "rd": "ぎちょう", "mn": "chair; chairman; chairperson; speaker (of an assembly); president (of a council,", "fr": 23991}, {"w": "参議院", "rd": "さんぎいん", "mn": "House of Councillors (upper house of the National Diet of Japan)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "合議", "rd": "ごうぎ", "mn": "consultation; conference; discussion; counsel", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "審議", "rd": "しんぎ", "mn": "deliberation; discussion; consideration", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "決議", "rd": "けつぎ", "mn": "resolution; vote; decision", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 60, "rp": 49, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "民", "g": 4, "o": 442, "f": 28, "j": null, "on": "ミン", "kun": "たみ", "m": "people; nation; subjects", "pm": "people", "r": [{"c": "氏", "nj": "うじ", "ne": "family"}], "hc": "mouth; family name", "hk": "people", "hs": "In place of the <i>drop</i> at the start of the character for <i>family name</i> , we have a <i>mouth</i> , which makes you think of the \"vox populi.\"", "ks": "How many of you know what \"vox populi\" means?", "v": [{"w": "住民", "rd": "じゅうみん", "mn": "inhabitant; resident; citizen; population", "fr": 5431}, {"w": "市民", "rd": "しみん", "mn": "citizen (of a country); citizenry", "fr": 5479}, {"w": "国民", "rd": "こくみん", "mn": "people (of a country); nation; citizen; national", "fr": 6007}, {"w": "民", "rd": "たみ", "mn": "people; citizens; subjects; folk", "fr": 6503}, {"w": "庶民", "rd": "しょみん", "mn": "common people; ordinary people; masses", "fr": 8839}, {"w": "民衆", "rd": "みんしゅう", "mn": "people; populace; masses", "fr": 13093}, {"w": "民家", "rd": "みんか", "mn": "private house", "fr": 14027}, {"w": "民間", "rd": "みんかん", "mn": "private; non-governmental; non-official; civilian; civil", "fr": 15230}, {"w": "民族", "rd": "みんぞく", "mn": "people; race; nation; ethnic group; ethnos", "fr": 15784}, {"w": "農民", "rd": "のうみん", "mn": "farmer; peasant", "fr": 23319}, {"w": "人民", "rd": "じんみん", "mn": "the people; citizens; the populace", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "植民地", "rd": "しょくみんち", "mn": "colony", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "民主", "rd": "みんしゅ", "mn": "democracy; popular sovereignty", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "民俗", "rd": "みんぞく", "mn": "folk customs; folkways; ethnic customs", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "民宿", "rd": "みんしゅく", "mn": "guest house; private home providing lodging for travelers; bed and breakfast; pe", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 122, "rp": 64, "l": 10, "n": ""}}, {"k": "連", "g": 4, "o": 443, "f": 30, "j": null, "on": "レン", "kun": "つら.なる、つら.ねる、つ.れる、-づ.れ", "m": "take along; lead; join; connect; party; gang; clique", "pm": "take along", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "car; road", "hk": "take along", "hs": "What you are meant to <b>take along</b> in this kanji are not things but people. The image of the <i>car</i> on the <i>road</i> should ground your image for picking up your friends to <i>take</i> them <i>along</i> to wherever you are going.", "ks": "When I am on the road I always take along my car.", "v": [{"w": "連れる", "rd": "つれる", "mn": "to take (someone) with one; to bring along; to go with; to be accompanied by", "fr": 392}, {"w": "連絡", "rd": "れんらく", "mn": "contacting; (making) contact; getting in touch; communication; correspondence; c", "fr": 496}, {"w": "連中", "rd": "れんちゅう", "mn": "company; lot; people; bunch; gang; pack; guys; group; folks", "fr": 1060}, {"w": "連続", "rd": "れんぞく", "mn": "continuation; succession; series; sequence", "fr": 2233}, {"w": "連れて行く", "rd": "つれていく", "mn": "to take (someone to a place); to take (someone) with one; to take along; to lead", "fr": 3123}, {"w": "連れてくる", "rd": "つれてくる", "mn": "to bring someone along", "fr": 4501}, {"w": "関連", "rd": "かんれん", "mn": "relation; connection; relevance", "fr": 4739}, {"w": "連絡先", "rd": "れんらくさき", "mn": "contact information (address, phone number, etc.)", "fr": 4857}, {"w": "一連", "rd": "いちれん", "mn": "series; chain; sequence", "fr": 5763}, {"w": "連れて来る", "rd": "つれてくる", "mn": "to bring someone along", "fr": 6185}, {"w": "連れ去る", "rd": "つれさる", "mn": "to take (someone) away; to carry off; to abduct; to kidnap", "fr": 6188}, {"w": "連携", "rd": "れんけい", "mn": "cooperation; coordination; collaboration; alignment", "fr": 6783}, {"w": "常連", "rd": "じょうれん", "mn": "regular customer; regular patron; regular visitor; frequenter", "fr": 6990}, {"w": "連行", "rd": "れんこう", "mn": "taking (a suspect to the police); dragging (someone) away", "fr": 7293}, {"w": "ご連絡", "rd": "ごれんらく", "mn": "contacting; getting in touch; communication; call; message", "fr": 7510}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 287, "rp": 16, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "選", "g": 4, "o": 444, "f": 57, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "えら.ぶ、え.る、よ.る", "m": "elect; select; choose; prefer", "pm": "elect", "r": [{"c": "巽", "nj": "ソン", "ne": "southeast"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "southeast; snake; self; strung together; salad; animal legs; eight; road", "hk": "elect", "hs": "Two snakes . . . strung together . . . road.", "ks": "There were so many <i>snakes</i> on the <i>road</i> to <i>Noah's ark</i> so they had to <b>elect</b> which two would represent the <i>snake</i> species.", "v": [{"w": "選ぶ", "rd": "えらぶ", "mn": "to choose; to select; to pick (out)", "fr": 478}, {"w": "選択", "rd": "せんたく", "mn": "choice; selection; option", "fr": 1868}, {"w": "選択肢", "rd": "せんたくし", "mn": "choices; alternatives; options", "fr": 2957}, {"w": "選手", "rd": "せんしゅ", "mn": "player (of a sport); athlete; team member", "fr": 3762}, {"w": "選挙", "rd": "せんきょ", "mn": "election", "fr": 10846}, {"w": "選", "rd": "せん", "mn": "selection; choice; choosing; picking; election", "fr": 11605}, {"w": "予選", "rd": "よせん", "mn": "preliminary contest; qualifying round; trial; heat", "fr": 14652}, {"w": "選抜", "rd": "せんばつ", "mn": "selection; choice; picking out", "fr": 15894}, {"w": "選別", "rd": "せんべつ", "mn": "selection; sorting; culling; screening; triage", "fr": 16251}, {"w": "選定", "rd": "せんてい", "mn": "selection", "fr": 16315}, {"w": "抽選", "rd": "ちゅうせん", "mn": "lottery; raffle; drawing (of lots); balloting", "fr": 16624}, {"w": "選出", "rd": "せんしゅつ", "mn": "election; selection; choice", "fr": 16919}, {"w": "人選", "rd": "じんせん", "mn": "selecting a suitable person; personnel selection", "fr": 16936}, {"w": "当選", "rd": "とうせん", "mn": "being elected", "fr": 18468}, {"w": "選考", "rd": "せんこう", "mn": "selection; choice; screening", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 145, "rp": 16, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "関", "g": 4, "o": 445, "f": 70, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "せき、-ぜき、かか.わる、からくり、かんぬき", "m": "connection; barrier; gateway; involve; concerning", "pm": "connection", "r": [{"c": "門", "nj": "もんがまえ", "ne": "gate"}, {"c": "关", "nj": "", "ne": "frontier pass"}], "hc": "gates; golden calf; horns; heavens", "hk": "connection", "hs": "Gates . . . golden calf.", "ks": "The <i>golden calf</i> is sent to the <i>gates of Hell</i> for it's <b>connection</b> to false idols.", "v": [{"w": "関係", "rd": "かんけい", "mn": "relation; relationship; connection", "fr": 358}, {"w": "関わる", "rd": "かかわる", "mn": "to be involved (in); to get involved (in); to concern oneself (with); to take pa", "fr": 1134}, {"w": "関する", "rd": "かんする", "mn": "to concern; to be related", "fr": 1337}, {"w": "玄関", "rd": "げんかん", "mn": "entrance; front door; entryway; entranceway; entry hall; vestibule; porch; foyer", "fr": 2589}, {"w": "関係者", "rd": "かんけいしゃ", "mn": "person concerned; people involved (in an event); those concerned; staff", "fr": 3005}, {"w": "に関して", "rd": "にかんして", "mn": "regarding ...; concerning ...; about ...; on ...; with respect to ...; in regard", "fr": 3334}, {"w": "無関係", "rd": "むかんけい", "mn": "unrelated", "fr": 4067}, {"w": "関連", "rd": "かんれん", "mn": "relation; connection; relevance", "fr": 4739}, {"w": "関心", "rd": "かんしん", "mn": "concern; interest", "fr": 6055}, {"w": "人間関係", "rd": "にんげんかんけい", "mn": "human relations; personal relationships", "fr": 6823}, {"w": "機関", "rd": "きかん", "mn": "engine", "fr": 7553}, {"w": "関与", "rd": "かんよ", "mn": "participation; taking part in; participating in; being concerned in", "fr": 7984}, {"w": "関節", "rd": "かんせつ", "mn": "joint", "fr": 7988}, {"w": "関東", "rd": "かんとう", "mn": "Kantō (region comprising Tokyo and surrounding prefectures)", "fr": 10085}, {"w": "無関心", "rd": "むかんしん", "mn": "apathetic; indifferent; nonchalant; callous", "fr": 10713}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 222, "rp": 23, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "戦", "g": 4, "o": 446, "f": 78, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "いくさ、たたか.う、おのの.く、そよ.ぐ、わなな.く", "m": "war; battle; match", "pm": "war", "r": [{"c": "単", "nj": "タン", "ne": "simple"}, {"c": "戈", "nj": "ほこ", "ne": "spear"}], "hc": "simple; owl; rice field; brains; ten; needle; fiesta", "hk": "war", "hs": "Simple . . . fiesta.", "ks": "George W. Bush's plans for <b>war</b> were so SIMPLE. To him, its all just a big FIESTA.", "v": [{"w": "戦う", "rd": "たたかう", "mn": "to make war (on); to wage war (against); to go to war (with); to fight (with); t", "fr": 782}, {"w": "戦い", "rd": "たたかい", "mn": "battle; war; fight; conflict", "fr": 1312}, {"w": "作戦", "rd": "さくせん", "mn": "tactics; strategy", "fr": 1422}, {"w": "戦争", "rd": "せんそう", "mn": "war", "fr": 2366}, {"w": "挑戦", "rd": "ちょうせん", "mn": "challenge; defiance; dare; attempt; try", "fr": 2723}, {"w": "戦闘", "rd": "せんとう", "mn": "battle; fight; combat", "fr": 3281}, {"w": "戦場", "rd": "せんじょう", "mn": "battlefield; battleground", "fr": 3821}, {"w": "戦", "rd": "いくさ", "mn": "war; battle; campaign; fight", "fr": 3851}, {"w": "戦力", "rd": "せんりょく", "mn": "war potential; military strength; fighting power", "fr": 4492}, {"w": "戦士", "rd": "せんし", "mn": "soldier; combatant; warrior", "fr": 4965}, {"w": "戦略", "rd": "せんりゃく", "mn": "strategy; tactics", "fr": 6608}, {"w": "苦戦", "rd": "くせん", "mn": "hard fight; close game; struggle; tight contest", "fr": 6759}, {"w": "決戦", "rd": "けっせん", "mn": "decisive battle; deciding match; play-off", "fr": 6998}, {"w": "実戦", "rd": "じっせん", "mn": "combat; battle; action; active service; actual fighting", "fr": 7652}, {"w": "対戦", "rd": "たいせん", "mn": "fighting (against); taking on (an opponent); facing; confronting; competing (wit", "fr": 8772}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 440, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "最", "g": 4, "o": 447, "f": 82, "j": null, "on": "サイ、シュ", "kun": "もっと.も、つま", "m": "utmost; most; extreme", "pm": "utmost", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "取", "nj": "シュ", "ne": "take"}], "hc": "sun; day; take; ear; crotch", "hk": "utmost", "hs": "Sun . . . take.", "ks": "Do your utmost \\- seize(take) the day.", "v": [{"w": "最後", "rd": "さいご", "mn": "end; conclusion", "fr": 239}, {"w": "最初", "rd": "さいしょ", "mn": "beginning; outset; first; onset", "fr": 295}, {"w": "最近", "rd": "さいきん", "mn": "recently; lately; these days; nowadays; right now", "fr": 387}, {"w": "最高", "rd": "さいこう", "mn": "best; supreme; wonderful; finest", "fr": 615}, {"w": "最悪", "rd": "さいあく", "mn": "worst", "fr": 1227}, {"w": "最低", "rd": "さいてい", "mn": "least; lowest; minimum", "fr": 1517}, {"w": "最も", "rd": "もっとも", "mn": "most; extremely", "fr": 1582}, {"w": "最大", "rd": "さいだい", "mn": "biggest; greatest; largest; maximum", "fr": 1842}, {"w": "最中", "rd": "さいちゅう", "mn": "(in) the middle of; (in) the midst of; (in) the course of; (at) the height of", "fr": 2341}, {"w": "最強", "rd": "さいきょう", "mn": "strongest", "fr": 2344}, {"w": "最終", "rd": "さいしゅう", "mn": "last; final; closing", "fr": 2720}, {"w": "最終的", "rd": "さいしゅうてき", "mn": "final; eventual; ultimate", "fr": 3364}, {"w": "最新", "rd": "さいしん", "mn": "latest; newest; late-breaking (news)", "fr": 4182}, {"w": "最期", "rd": "さいご", "mn": "one's last moment; one's death; one's end", "fr": 4185}, {"w": "最低限", "rd": "さいていげん", "mn": "minimum", "fr": 5318}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 696, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "氏", "g": 4, "o": 448, "f": 84, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "うじ、-うじ", "m": "family name; surname; clan", "pm": "family name", "r": [{"c": "氏", "nj": "うじ", "ne": "family"}], "hc": "drop; fishhook", "hk": "family name", "hs": "Pay close attention to the stroke order of the elements when learning to write this character. The elements: a long <i>drop</i> . . . <i>fishhook</i> . . . a <i>one</i> . . . <i>fishhook</i>.", "ks": "Looks a bit like Ft => <b>F</b> amily <b>t</b> itle => <b>Family name</b>.", "v": [{"w": "彼氏", "rd": "かれし", "mn": "boyfriend", "fr": 2085}, {"w": "氏", "rd": "し", "mn": "Mr; Mrs; Ms; Miss", "fr": 3638}, {"w": "氏名", "rd": "しめい", "mn": "(full) name; identity", "fr": 22534}, {"w": "セ氏", "rd": "セし", "mn": "Celsius; centigrade", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "両氏", "rd": "りょうし", "mn": "both persons", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "同氏", "rd": "どうし", "mn": "the said person; he; she", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "摂氏", "rd": "せっし", "mn": "Celsius; centigrade", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "氏族", "rd": "しぞく", "mn": "clan; family", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "氏神", "rd": "うじがみ", "mn": "patron god; tutelar deity; guardian deity; local deity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "源氏", "rd": "げんじ", "mn": "Genji (the character in the Genji Monogatari)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "約", "g": 4, "o": 449, "f": 94, "j": null, "on": "ヤク", "kun": "つづ.まる、つづ.める、つづま.やか", "m": "promise; approximately; shrink", "pm": "promise", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "勺", "nj": "シャク", "ne": "ladle"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; ladle", "hk": "promise", "hs": "Consider for a moment the etymology of the word \" <b>promise</b> \" in order to notice its roots in the activity of putting one thing (e.g., one's word of honor) in place of another (e.g., the fulfillment of a task). For as it turns out, this character also means \"to abridge, economize, and abbreviate\" \\- all activities that involve putting one thing in place of another. With that in mind, we may now work with the elements: <i>thread</i> . . . <i>ladle</i>.", "ks": "Anytime <i>Spiderman</i> breaks a <b>promise</b> , Aunt Mae hits him one over with her <i>ladle</i>.", "v": [{"w": "約束", "rd": "やくそく", "mn": "promise; agreement; arrangement; one's word; contract; pact", "fr": 399}, {"w": "契約", "rd": "けいやく", "mn": "contract; compact; agreement", "fr": 2479}, {"w": "約", "rd": "やく", "mn": "approximately; about", "fr": 2660}, {"w": "予約", "rd": "よやく", "mn": "reservation; appointment; booking; advance order", "fr": 3475}, {"w": "婚約者", "rd": "こんやくしゃ", "mn": "fiance; fiancee", "fr": 7970}, {"w": "婚約", "rd": "こんやく", "mn": "engagement; betrothal", "fr": 8399}, {"w": "約束通り", "rd": "やくそくどおり", "mn": "as promised", "fr": 9420}, {"w": "節約", "rd": "せつやく", "mn": "economising; saving", "fr": 9657}, {"w": "契約書", "rd": "けいやくしょ", "mn": "(written) contract; agreement", "fr": 12059}, {"w": "制約", "rd": "せいやく", "mn": "limitation; restriction; condition; constraints", "fr": 16208}, {"w": "要約", "rd": "ようやく", "mn": "summary; digest", "fr": 19160}, {"w": "集約", "rd": "しゅうやく", "mn": "putting together (e.g. opinions); gathering; collecting; aggregating; summarizin", "fr": 19392}, {"w": "規約", "rd": "きやく", "mn": "agreement; rules; code; protocol; convention; bylaw", "fr": 19907}, {"w": "確約", "rd": "かくやく", "mn": "firm promise; definite promise", "fr": 23264}, {"w": "条約", "rd": "じょうやく", "mn": "treaty; pact; convention; agreement", "fr": 23851}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 17, "rp": 46, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "法", "g": 4, "o": 450, "f": 100, "j": null, "on": "ホウ、ハッ、ホッ、フラン", "kun": "のり", "m": "method; law; rule; principle; model; system", "pm": "method", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "去", "nj": "キョ", "ne": "gone"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; gone; soil; dirt; ground; elbow", "hk": "method", "hs": "Water . . . gone.", "ks": "This kanji shows up in a lot of words related to the legal process. Try this image: using a very outdated judicial <b>method</b> , the people of Salem dunked accused witches in the <i>water</i> until they were all <i>gone</i>.", "v": [{"w": "方法", "rd": "ほうほう", "mn": "method; way; manner; process; procedure; means; measure", "fr": 651}, {"w": "魔法", "rd": "まほう", "mn": "magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell", "fr": 2010}, {"w": "法", "rd": "ほう", "mn": "law; act; principle", "fr": 2731}, {"w": "法律", "rd": "ほうりつ", "mn": "law; legislation; act", "fr": 4867}, {"w": "法則", "rd": "ほうそく", "mn": "law; rule", "fr": 9505}, {"w": "違法", "rd": "いほう", "mn": "illegal; illicit; unlawful", "fr": 9712}, {"w": "作法", "rd": "さほう", "mn": "manners; etiquette; propriety", "fr": 11245}, {"w": "手法", "rd": "しゅほう", "mn": "technique; method", "fr": 12343}, {"w": "寸法", "rd": "すんぽう", "mn": "measurement; size; extent; dimension", "fr": 13435}, {"w": "戦法", "rd": "せんぽう", "mn": "tactics; strategy", "fr": 13446}, {"w": "法的", "rd": "ほうてき", "mn": "legal", "fr": 16684}, {"w": "治療法", "rd": "ちりょうほう", "mn": "method of treatment; cure; remedy", "fr": 18790}, {"w": "法廷", "rd": "ほうてい", "mn": "court (of law); courtroom", "fr": 18807}, {"w": "合法的", "rd": "ごうほうてき", "mn": "legal; lawful; legitimate; law-abiding; in order", "fr": 22270}, {"w": "司法", "rd": "しほう", "mn": "administration of justice; judicature", "fr": 23748}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 115, "rp": 19, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "不", "g": 4, "o": 451, "f": 101, "j": null, "on": "フ、ブ", "kun": "", "m": "negative; non-; bad; ugly; clumsy", "pm": "negative", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}], "hc": "one; ceiling; person; drop", "hk": "negative", "hs": "You may play with the primitives of this kanji as you wish ( <i>ceiling</i> . . . <i>person</i> . . . <i>a drop of</i> ), <i>but</i> you will probably find that its simplicity, and its frequency, make it easy to remember just as it is.", "ks": "One below zero is a negative number.", "v": [{"w": "不思議", "rd": "ふしぎ", "mn": "wonderful; marvelous; strange; incredible; amazing; curious; miraculous; mysteri", "fr": 681}, {"w": "不安", "rd": "ふあん", "mn": "anxiety; uneasiness; worry; apprehension; fear; insecurity; suspense", "fr": 784}, {"w": "不可能", "rd": "ふかのう", "mn": "impossible", "fr": 1796}, {"w": "不満", "rd": "ふまん", "mn": "dissatisfaction; discontent; displeasure; complaint; unhappiness", "fr": 1908}, {"w": "不幸", "rd": "ふこう", "mn": "unhappiness; sorrow; misfortune; disaster; accident", "fr": 2099}, {"w": "不明", "rd": "ふめい", "mn": "unclear; obscure; indistinct; uncertain; ambiguous", "fr": 2615}, {"w": "不足", "rd": "ふそく", "mn": "insufficiency; deficiency; shortage; lack; scarcity; deficit", "fr": 2988}, {"w": "不自然", "rd": "ふしぜん", "mn": "unnatural; artificial; affected; strained", "fr": 3186}, {"w": "不気味", "rd": "ぶきみ", "mn": "weird; eerie; ominous; creepy; uncanny; unearthly", "fr": 3664}, {"w": "行方不明", "rd": "ゆくえふめい", "mn": "missing (of a person); lost; unaccounted for; whereabouts unknown", "fr": 3792}, {"w": "理不尽", "rd": "りふじん", "mn": "unreasonable; irrational; outrageous; absurd", "fr": 3892}, {"w": "不審", "rd": "ふしん", "mn": "doubt; suspicion; question; strangeness", "fr": 3934}, {"w": "不器用", "rd": "ぶきよう", "mn": "clumsy; awkward; unskillful", "fr": 4239}, {"w": "不安定", "rd": "ふあんてい", "mn": "instability; insecurity; crankiness", "fr": 4284}, {"w": "不要", "rd": "ふよう", "mn": "unnecessary; unneeded", "fr": 4316}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 619, "rp": 14, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "的", "g": 4, "o": 452, "f": 105, "j": null, "on": "テキ", "kun": "まと", "m": "bull's eye; mark; target; object; adjective ending", "pm": "bull's eye", "r": [{"c": "白", "nj": "しろ", "ne": "white"}, {"c": "勺", "nj": "シャク", "ne": "ladle"}], "hc": "bull’s eye; white; dove; ladle; bound up; drop", "hk": "bull´s eye", "hs": "The elements <i>white bird</i> and <i>ladle</i> easily suggest the image of a <b>bull's eye</b> if you imagine a rusty old <i>ladle</i> with a <b>bull's eye</b> painted on it in the form of a tiny <i>white bird</i> , who lets out a little \"peep\" every time you hit the target.", "ks": "I managed to hit the bull's eye by throwing my white ladle.", "v": [{"w": "目的", "rd": "もくてき", "mn": "purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention; motive", "fr": 744}, {"w": "的", "rd": "てき", "mn": "-ical; -ive; -al; -ic; -y", "fr": 849}, {"w": "具体的", "rd": "ぐたいてき", "mn": "concrete; definite; specific; material; substantial", "fr": 2286}, {"w": "圧倒的", "rd": "あっとうてき", "mn": "overwhelming", "fr": 2681}, {"w": "個人的", "rd": "こじんてき", "mn": "personal; individual; private", "fr": 2776}, {"w": "一方的", "rd": "いっぽうてき", "mn": "one-sided; unilateral; arbitrary", "fr": 2934}, {"w": "本格的", "rd": "ほんかくてき", "mn": "genuine; real; authentic; standard; orthodox", "fr": 3018}, {"w": "徹底的", "rd": "てっていてき", "mn": "thorough; exhaustive; complete", "fr": 3210}, {"w": "積極的", "rd": "せっきょくてき", "mn": "positive; assertive; active; proactive; aggressive", "fr": 3277}, {"w": "最終的", "rd": "さいしゅうてき", "mn": "final; eventual; ultimate", "fr": 3364}, {"w": "魅力的", "rd": "みりょくてき", "mn": "charming; fascinating; attractive", "fr": 3573}, {"w": "精神的", "rd": "せいしんてき", "mn": "mental; spiritual; emotional", "fr": 3616}, {"w": "一時的", "rd": "いちじてき", "mn": "temporary; transitory; short-lived", "fr": 3948}, {"w": "一般的", "rd": "いっぱんてき", "mn": "general; popular; common; typical", "fr": 4005}, {"w": "目的地", "rd": "もくてきち", "mn": "destination (one is heading towards); goal", "fr": 4286}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 201, "rp": 12, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "要", "g": 4, "o": 453, "f": 106, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "い.る、かなめ", "m": "need; main point; essence; pivot; key to", "pm": "need", "r": [{"c": "覀", "nj": "にし", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}], "hc": "old west; woman", "hk": "need", "hs": "Old West . . . woman.", "ks": "(ヨウ) When Clint <b>need</b> s a woman, he likes to be on top.", "v": [{"w": "必要", "rd": "ひつよう", "mn": "necessary; needed; essential; indispensable", "fr": 246}, {"w": "重要", "rd": "じゅうよう", "mn": "important; essential; significant; major; key; principal", "fr": 1295}, {"w": "要求", "rd": "ようきゅう", "mn": "demand; firm request; requisition; requirement; desire", "fr": 2333}, {"w": "要る", "rd": "いる", "mn": "to be needed; to be necessary; to be required; to be wanted; to need; to want", "fr": 2907}, {"w": "要素", "rd": "ようそ", "mn": "component; factor; item (e.g. in list)", "fr": 3529}, {"w": "要するに", "rd": "ようするに", "mn": "in short; in a word; to sum up; to put it simply; to make a long story short; af", "fr": 3610}, {"w": "不要", "rd": "ふよう", "mn": "unnecessary; unneeded", "fr": 4316}, {"w": "要は", "rd": "ようは", "mn": "in short; the point is; the important thing is; in a word; basically", "fr": 4328}, {"w": "要請", "rd": "ようせい", "mn": "appeal; call for something; request; claim; demand", "fr": 4852}, {"w": "要望", "rd": "ようぼう", "mn": "demand for; request", "fr": 5727}, {"w": "要する", "rd": "ようする", "mn": "to need; to demand; to take; to require", "fr": 6022}, {"w": "要", "rd": "かなめ", "mn": "pivot", "fr": 7471}, {"w": "強要", "rd": "きょうよう", "mn": "coercion; extortion; compulsion; force", "fr": 7756}, {"w": "要因", "rd": "よういん", "mn": "main cause; primary factor", "fr": 8314}, {"w": "要領", "rd": "ようりょう", "mn": "point; gist; essentials; tenets; outline", "fr": 8422}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 4, "rp": 42, "l": 8, "n": "要る 悪い"}}, {"k": "治", "g": 4, "o": 454, "f": 109, "j": null, "on": "ジ、チ", "kun": "おさ.める、おさ.まる、なお.る、なお.す", "m": "reign; be at peace; calm down; subdue; quell; govt; cure; heal; rule; conserve", "pm": "reign", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "台", "nj": "ダイ", "ne": "pedestal"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; pedestal; elbow; mouth", "hk": "reign", "hs": "Water . . . pedestal.", "ks": "From his <i>water</i> <i>pedestal</i> Neptune <b>reign</b> s over his Sea Empire.", "v": [{"w": "治る", "rd": "なおる", "mn": "to get better; to get well; to recover (from an illness); to be cured; to be res", "fr": 1717}, {"w": "治療", "rd": "ちりょう", "mn": "(medical) treatment; care; therapy; cure; remedy", "fr": 2787}, {"w": "治す", "rd": "なおす", "mn": "to cure; to heal", "fr": 3094}, {"w": "退治", "rd": "たいじ", "mn": "extermination; elimination; eradication; destruction; suppression; subjugation; ", "fr": 5790}, {"w": "政治", "rd": "せいじ", "mn": "politics; government", "fr": 7034}, {"w": "政治家", "rd": "せいじか", "mn": "politician; statesman", "fr": 7632}, {"w": "治まる", "rd": "おさまる", "mn": "to die down (storm, anger, conflict, etc.); to calm down; to cool off; to abate;", "fr": 9110}, {"w": "治安", "rd": "ちあん", "mn": "public order; public peace; public security; law and order", "fr": 9749}, {"w": "治める", "rd": "おさめる", "mn": "to rule; to govern; to reign over; to administer; to manage (e.g. a household)", "fr": 11950}, {"w": "完治", "rd": "かんち", "mn": "complete recovery", "fr": 12297}, {"w": "治癒", "rd": "ちゆ", "mn": "healing; cure; recovery", "fr": 12357}, {"w": "政治的", "rd": "せいじてき", "mn": "political", "fr": 15769}, {"w": "統治", "rd": "とうち", "mn": "rule; reign; government; governing", "fr": 15847}, {"w": "明治", "rd": "めいじ", "mn": "Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)", "fr": 16947}, {"w": "治療法", "rd": "ちりょうほう", "mn": "method of treatment; cure; remedy", "fr": 18790}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 87, "rp": 34, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "成", "g": 4, "o": 455, "f": 116, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ジョウ", "kun": "な.る、な.す、-な.す", "m": "turn into; become; get; grow; elapse; reach", "pm": "turn into", "r": [{"c": "戈", "nj": "ほこ", "ne": "spear"}], "hc": "parade; sword; dagger", "hk": "turn into", "hs": "Let the phrase \" <b>turn into</b> \" suggest some sort of a magical change. What happens here is that the <i>parade</i> marching down main street <b>turns into</b> a <i>dagger</i> -throwing bout between competing bands. Note how only one stroke has to be added to make the change.", "ks": "The gay parade suddenly TURNED INTO a DAGGER throwing fight.", "v": [{"w": "成功", "rd": "せいこう", "mn": "success; achievement", "fr": 978}, {"w": "成長", "rd": "せいちょう", "mn": "growth; development; growing up; becoming an adult", "fr": 1286}, {"w": "完成", "rd": "かんせい", "mn": "completion; perfection; accomplishment", "fr": 1405}, {"w": "成果", "rd": "せいか", "mn": "(good) result; outcome; fruits (of one's labors); product; accomplishment", "fr": 2887}, {"w": "賛成", "rd": "さんせい", "mn": "approval; agreement; support; favour; favor", "fr": 2942}, {"w": "成立", "rd": "せいりつ", "mn": "formation; establishment; materialization; coming into existence", "fr": 2950}, {"w": "成績", "rd": "せいせき", "mn": "results; record; grades; marks", "fr": 2954}, {"w": "成る", "rd": "なる", "mn": "to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain", "fr": 3486}, {"w": "達成", "rd": "たっせい", "mn": "achievement; attainment; accomplishment; realization", "fr": 3799}, {"w": "構成", "rd": "こうせい", "mn": "composition; construction; formation; makeup; structure; organization; organisat", "fr": 4652}, {"w": "成り立つ", "rd": "なりたつ", "mn": "to consist of; to be made up of; to be composed of", "fr": 4968}, {"w": "作成", "rd": "さくせい", "mn": "making (a report, plan, contract, etc.); drawing up; writing out; preparing; cre", "fr": 5899}, {"w": "成し遂げる", "rd": "なしとげる", "mn": "to accomplish; to achieve; to complete; to carry out; to carry through", "fr": 6012}, {"w": "成す", "rd": "なす", "mn": "to form; to make; to constitute", "fr": 6275}, {"w": "大成功", "rd": "だいせいこう", "mn": "great success; huge success", "fr": 6278}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 134, "rp": 21, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "協", "g": 4, "o": 456, "f": 121, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "", "m": "co-; cooperation", "pm": "co-", "r": [{"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "劦", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "ten; needle; triceps; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "co-", "hs": "This prefix should be kept distinct from <i>inter</i> (Frame 222) and <i>mutual</i> (Frame 819). Its elements: <i>needle</i> . . . <i>triceps</i>.", "ks": "Co- operation: 3 persons can have the power of ten if they co- operate.", "v": [{"w": "協力", "rd": "きょうりょく", "mn": "cooperation; collaboration; help; support", "fr": 832}, {"w": "ご協力", "rd": "ごきょうりょく", "mn": "cooperation; collaboration; help; support", "fr": 5910}, {"w": "妥協", "rd": "だきょう", "mn": "compromise; giving in", "fr": 8250}, {"w": "協会", "rd": "きょうかい", "mn": "association; society; organization; organisation", "fr": 14047}, {"w": "協議", "rd": "きょうぎ", "mn": "conference; consultation; discussion; negotiation", "fr": 16174}, {"w": "協定", "rd": "きょうてい", "mn": "arrangement; pact; agreement", "fr": 21422}, {"w": "協調", "rd": "きょうちょう", "mn": "cooperation; conciliation; harmony; coordination", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "不協和音", "rd": "ふきょうわおん", "mn": "discord; dissonance; cacophony", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "協同組合", "rd": "きょうどうくみあい", "mn": "cooperative; association; partnership", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "協和", "rd": "きょうわ", "mn": "concord; harmony; concert", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "協奏曲", "rd": "きょうそうきょく", "mn": "concerto", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "協賛", "rd": "きょうさん", "mn": "support; mutual aid; cooperation; approval; authorization; authorisation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国際協力事業団", "rd": "こくさいきょうりょくじぎょうだん", "mn": "Japan International Cooperation Agency (1974); JICA", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "生協", "rd": "せいきょう", "mn": "co-op; (consumers') cooperative", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紳士協定", "rd": "しんしきょうてい", "mn": "gentlemen's agreement", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 9, "rp": 8, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "以", "g": 4, "o": 457, "f": 126, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "もっ.て", "m": "by means of; because; in view of; compared with", "pm": "by means of", "r": [{"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}, {"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}], "hc": "plow; drop; person", "hk": "by means of", "hs": "Picture a <i>person</i> dragging a <i>plow</i> behind, and the <i>drop of</i> sweat which falls from his brow as he does his work. Think of him (or her, for that matter) making a living  \" <b>by means of</b> the sweat of their brows. \"", "ks": "By means of a plow and a sweat drop on his brow, a person earns his living.", "v": [{"w": "以上", "rd": "いじょう", "mn": "not less than ...; ... and over; ... and above; ... and upwards; ... or more", "fr": 310}, {"w": "以外", "rd": "いがい", "mn": "excluding; except (for); apart from; other than; besides; in addition to", "fr": 430}, {"w": "以前", "rd": "いぜん", "mn": "before; prior to; ago", "fr": 865}, {"w": "以来", "rd": "いらい", "mn": "since; henceforth", "fr": 1368}, {"w": "以下", "rd": "いか", "mn": "not exceeding ...; not more than ...; ... and under; ... and below; ... or fewer", "fr": 2395}, {"w": "以降", "rd": "いこう", "mn": "on and after; from ... onward; since", "fr": 2778}, {"w": "以内", "rd": "いない", "mn": "within; inside of; less than", "fr": 3345}, {"w": "以後", "rd": "いご", "mn": "after this; from now on; hereafter", "fr": 5436}, {"w": "予想以上", "rd": "よそういじょう", "mn": "more than expected", "fr": 6713}, {"w": "以て", "rd": "もって", "mn": "with; by; by means of", "fr": 20600}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 49, "rp": 36, "l": 5, "n": "以上 似ている"}}, {"k": "機", "g": 4, "o": 458, "f": 127, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "はた", "m": "loom; mechanism; machine; airplane; opportunity; potency; efficacy; occasion", "pm": "loom", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "幾", "nj": "キ", "ne": "how many"}], "hc": "tree; wood; abacus; how many; cocoon; person; fiesta", "hk": "mechanism", "hs": "Tree . . . abacus.", "ks": "An <i>abacus</i> is a <b>mechanism</b> made of <i>wood</i> used to calculate <i>how many</i> 'anythings'.", "v": [{"w": "機会", "rd": "きかい", "mn": "chance; opportunity; occasion", "fr": 1153}, {"w": "機能", "rd": "きのう", "mn": "function; facility; faculty; feature", "fr": 2547}, {"w": "機", "rd": "き", "mn": "chance; opportunity", "fr": 2580}, {"w": "機械", "rd": "きかい", "mn": "machine; mechanism", "fr": 2608}, {"w": "危機", "rd": "きき", "mn": "crisis; critical situation; emergency; pinch", "fr": 2913}, {"w": "待機", "rd": "たいき", "mn": "standing by; awaiting an opportunity; being on alert", "fr": 3147}, {"w": "機嫌", "rd": "きげん", "mn": "humour; humor; temper; mood; spirits", "fr": 3758}, {"w": "動機", "rd": "どうき", "mn": "motive; incentive", "fr": 4367}, {"w": "不機嫌", "rd": "ふきげん", "mn": "pout; displeasure; ill humor; ill humour; sullenness", "fr": 4565}, {"w": "飛行機", "rd": "ひこうき", "mn": "airplane; aeroplane; plane; aircraft", "fr": 4595}, {"w": "機関", "rd": "きかん", "mn": "engine", "fr": 7553}, {"w": "上機嫌", "rd": "じょうきげん", "mn": "good humour (humor); good mood", "fr": 8251}, {"w": "機材", "rd": "きざい", "mn": "machinery and materials; equipment", "fr": 9870}, {"w": "好機", "rd": "こうき", "mn": "good opportunity; chance", "fr": 11825}, {"w": "自販機", "rd": "じはんき", "mn": "vending machine", "fr": 11979}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 457, "rp": 14, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "加", "g": 4, "o": 459, "f": 130, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "くわ.える、くわ.わる", "m": "add; addition; increase; join; include; Canada", "pm": "add", "r": [{"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "power; muscle; arnold; mouth", "hk": "add", "hs": "<i>Muscles</i> . . . <i>mouth</i>. This is the only case in which the primitive for <i>muscle</i> appears on the left, note should be taken of the fact in composing one's story.", "ks": "If you eat anymore, you will be <b>add</b> ing more カロries. (katakana karo).", "v": [{"w": "参加", "rd": "さんか", "mn": "participation; joining; entry", "fr": 1132}, {"w": "加える", "rd": "くわえる", "mn": "to add; to add up; to sum up; to append; to annex", "fr": 2381}, {"w": "追加", "rd": "ついか", "mn": "addition; supplement; appending; appendix", "fr": 2585}, {"w": "いい加減", "rd": "いいかげん", "mn": "irresponsible; perfunctory; careless", "fr": 2797}, {"w": "加わる", "rd": "くわわる", "mn": "to be added to; to be appended", "fr": 2945}, {"w": "加減", "rd": "かげん", "mn": "degree; extent; amount; balance; state; condition", "fr": 4120}, {"w": "加速", "rd": "かそく", "mn": "acceleration; speeding up", "fr": 4390}, {"w": "いい加減にしろ", "rd": "いいかげんにしろ", "mn": "that's enough!; cut it out!; get a life!", "fr": 7358}, {"w": "参加者", "rd": "さんかしゃ", "mn": "participant; entrant; player; competitor", "fr": 7415}, {"w": "加工", "rd": "かこう", "mn": "manufacturing; processing; treatment; machining", "fr": 7732}, {"w": "付け加える", "rd": "つけくわえる", "mn": "to add (one thing to another); to add (a few more words, an explanation, etc.)", "fr": 8614}, {"w": "増加", "rd": "ぞうか", "mn": "increase; rise; growth; addition; increment", "fr": 10508}, {"w": "加担", "rd": "かたん", "mn": "support; participation; assistance; complicity; conspiracy", "fr": 12603}, {"w": "に加えて", "rd": "にくわえて", "mn": "in addition", "fr": 12827}, {"w": "加害者", "rd": "かがいしゃ", "mn": "perpetrator; wrong-doer; aggressor; assailant; offender; at-fault party (e.g. in", "fr": 14408}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 139, "rp": 25, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "続", "g": 4, "o": 460, "f": 141, "j": null, "on": "ゾク、ショク、コウ、キョウ", "kun": "つづ.く、つづ.ける、つぐ.ない", "m": "continue; series; sequel", "pm": "continue", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "売", "nj": "バイ", "ne": "sell"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; sell; samurai; crown; human legs", "hk": "continue", "hs": "Thread . . . sell.", "ks": "Even though Peter Parker has become <i>Spiderman</i> , he <b>continue</b> s to sell pictures that he takes as a photographer.", "v": [{"w": "続ける", "rd": "つづける", "mn": "to continue; to keep up; to keep on", "fr": 259}, {"w": "続く", "rd": "つづく", "mn": "to continue; to last; to go on", "fr": 425}, {"w": "続き", "rd": "つづき", "mn": "continuation; rest (of the story, work, etc.); next installment; sequel", "fr": 1548}, {"w": "連続", "rd": "れんぞく", "mn": "continuation; succession; series; sequence", "fr": 2233}, {"w": "手続き", "rd": "てつづき", "mn": "procedure; process; proceedings; formalities", "fr": 4156}, {"w": "し続ける", "rd": "しつづける", "mn": "to continue to do; to persist in doing", "fr": 4756}, {"w": "継続", "rd": "けいぞく", "mn": "continuation; continuance; maintenance; persistence; going on", "fr": 5933}, {"w": "接続", "rd": "せつぞく", "mn": "connection; attachment; union; join; joint; link", "fr": 7736}, {"w": "続行", "rd": "ぞっこう", "mn": "continuation; continuance; going on; resuming", "fr": 8003}, {"w": "立て続け", "rd": "たてつづけ", "mn": "succession; continuation; series; sequence", "fr": 8302}, {"w": "存続", "rd": "そんぞく", "mn": "continuance; survival; persistence; retention; duration", "fr": 9788}, {"w": "続々", "rd": "ぞくぞく", "mn": "successively; one after another", "fr": 10729}, {"w": "長続き", "rd": "ながつづき", "mn": "lasting long; continuation; keeping at (something); sticking to (something)", "fr": 15836}, {"w": "持続", "rd": "じぞく", "mn": "continuation; persisting; lasting; sustaining; enduring", "fr": 17330}, {"w": "相続", "rd": "そうぞく", "mn": "succession", "fr": 19252}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 140, "rp": 22, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "改", "g": 4, "o": 461, "f": 147, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "あらた.める、あらた.まる", "m": "reformation; change; modify; mend; renew; examine; inspect; search", "pm": "reformation", "r": [{"c": "己", "nj": "おのれ", "ne": "self"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "snake; self; taskmaster", "hk": "reformation", "hs": "Pluralizing the <i>snake</i> and focusing on a single <i>taskmaster</i> may help recommend the image of Ireland's most famous <b>reformer</b> , St. Patrick, who, legend has it, drove away the <i>snakes</i> from the land.", "ks": "The <i>taskmaster</i> of Slytherin ( wizardry house symbolized by a <i>snake</i> ) plans a <b>reformation</b> of Hogwarts, disallowing the study of magic to all muggle- born. こわいですね！.", "v": [{"w": "改めて", "rd": "あらためて", "mn": "another time; again; over again; once again; anew", "fr": 1226}, {"w": "改める", "rd": "あらためる", "mn": "to change; to alter; to revise; to replace", "fr": 3784}, {"w": "改善", "rd": "かいぜん", "mn": "betterment; improvement", "fr": 5806}, {"w": "改造", "rd": "かいぞう", "mn": "remodeling; remodelling; reconstruction; conversion; alteration; renovation; mod", "fr": 6098}, {"w": "改まる", "rd": "あらたまる", "mn": "to be renewed; to change", "fr": 8873}, {"w": "改良", "rd": "かいりょう", "mn": "improvement; reform", "fr": 10024}, {"w": "改装", "rd": "かいそう", "mn": "remodelling; remodeling; reorganization; reorganisation", "fr": 15195}, {"w": "改革", "rd": "かいかく", "mn": "reform; reformation; reorganization", "fr": 15325}, {"w": "改ざん", "rd": "かいざん", "mn": "alteration; falsification; faking", "fr": 15583}, {"w": "改札", "rd": "かいさつ", "mn": "examination of tickets", "fr": 18207}, {"w": "改修", "rd": "かいしゅう", "mn": "repair; improvement", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "改定", "rd": "かいてい", "mn": "revision (of a rule, price, etc.); alteration; change", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "改正", "rd": "かいせい", "mn": "revision; amendment; alteration", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "改訂", "rd": "かいてい", "mn": "revision (of text); alteration; change", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "改名", "rd": "かいめい", "mn": "name change", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 47, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "初", "g": 4, "o": 462, "f": 152, "j": null, "on": "ショ", "kun": "はじ.め、はじ.めて、はつ、はつ-、うい-、-そ.める、-ぞ.め", "m": "first time; beginning", "pm": "first time", "r": [{"c": "衤", "nj": "ころもへん", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "刀", "nj": "かたな", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "cloak; sword; dagger", "hk": "first time", "hs": "The primitives here take care of themselves: <i>cloak</i> and <i>dagger</i> .What I leave to you is to decide on an appropriate connotation for  \" <b>first time</b> \" to take advantage of them.", "ks": "On his FIRST TIME , he cloaked his dagger with a Trojan.", "v": [{"w": "初めて", "rd": "はじめて", "mn": "for the first time", "fr": 253}, {"w": "最初", "rd": "さいしょ", "mn": "beginning; outset; first; onset", "fr": 295}, {"w": "初", "rd": "はつ", "mn": "first; new", "fr": 2222}, {"w": "初め", "rd": "はじめ", "mn": "beginning; start; outset; opening", "fr": 3033}, {"w": "初日", "rd": "しょにち", "mn": "first day; opening day", "fr": 3857}, {"w": "当初", "rd": "とうしょ", "mn": "beginning; start; outset", "fr": 4012}, {"w": "初対面", "rd": "しょたいめん", "mn": "first meeting; first interview with", "fr": 4254}, {"w": "初めまして", "rd": "はじめまして", "mn": "nice to meet you; I'm glad to make your acquaintance; how do you do?", "fr": 4878}, {"w": "初恋", "rd": "はつこい", "mn": "first love; puppy love", "fr": 6752}, {"w": "初心者", "rd": "しょしんしゃ", "mn": "beginner", "fr": 6949}, {"w": "初期", "rd": "しょき", "mn": "early days; early years; early stages; initial stages; beginning", "fr": 7572}, {"w": "初代", "rd": "しょだい", "mn": "first generation; founder", "fr": 11127}, {"w": "初版", "rd": "しょはん", "mn": "first edition", "fr": 13059}, {"w": "初回", "rd": "しょかい", "mn": "first time; first innings; initial attempt", "fr": 14269}, {"w": "初心", "rd": "しょしん", "mn": "one's original intention; one's initial enthusiasm", "fr": 16540}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 149, "rp": 18, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "産", "g": 4, "o": 463, "f": 161, "j": null, "on": "サン", "kun": "う.む、う.まれる、うぶ-、む.す", "m": "products; bear; give birth; yield; childbirth; native; property", "pm": "products", "r": [{"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}, {"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "生", "nj": "うまれる", "ne": "birth"}], "hc": "vase; stand up; cliff; life; This is Your Life; cell; drop; grow up", "hk": "products", "hs": "Vase . . . cliff . . . cell.", "ks": "If you were to <i>stand up</i> all the <b>products</b> you have accumulated over the course of your entire <i>life</i> on top of one another, the result would probably be as tall as a <i>cliff</i>.", "v": [{"w": "産む", "rd": "うむ", "mn": "to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs)", "fr": 2700}, {"w": "お土産", "rd": "おみやげ", "mn": "local specialty or souvenir bought as a gift while traveling (travelling)", "fr": 3302}, {"w": "財産", "rd": "ざいさん", "mn": "property; fortune; assets", "fr": 5808}, {"w": "土産", "rd": "みやげ", "mn": "local specialty or souvenir bought as a gift while travelling", "fr": 8593}, {"w": "出産", "rd": "しゅっさん", "mn": "childbirth; (giving) birth; delivery; parturition", "fr": 9009}, {"w": "生産", "rd": "せいさん", "mn": "production; manufacture", "fr": 9547}, {"w": "遺産", "rd": "いさん", "mn": "inheritance; bequest; legacy; heritage", "fr": 9709}, {"w": "資産", "rd": "しさん", "mn": "property; fortune; means; assets", "fr": 13290}, {"w": "量産", "rd": "りょうさん", "mn": "mass production", "fr": 13662}, {"w": "産物", "rd": "さんぶつ", "mn": "product; produce", "fr": 14707}, {"w": "不動産", "rd": "ふどうさん", "mn": "real estate", "fr": 14874}, {"w": "産業", "rd": "さんぎょう", "mn": "industry", "fr": 15002}, {"w": "倒産", "rd": "とうさん", "mn": "(corporate) bankruptcy; insolvency; commercial failure; failed business", "fr": 15823}, {"w": "産地", "rd": "さんち", "mn": "producing area; place of origin; growing district", "fr": 17321}, {"w": "破産", "rd": "はさん", "mn": "bankruptcy; insolvency", "fr": 21588}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 135, "rp": 32, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "結", "g": 4, "o": 464, "f": 162, "j": null, "on": "ケツ、ケチ", "kun": "むす.ぶ、ゆ.う、ゆ.わえる", "m": "tie; bind; contract; join; organize; do up hair; fasten", "pm": "tie", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "吉", "nj": "キチ", "ne": "good luck"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; aerosol; samurai; mouth", "hk": "tie", "hs": "Thread . . . aerosol can.", "ks": "Spidey ties up the villain in a web of threads. \" Good luck getting out of that, heh heh!\".", "v": [{"w": "結構", "rd": "けっこう", "mn": "splendid; nice; wonderful; delightful; lovely; excellent; fine", "fr": 416}, {"w": "結局", "rd": "けっきょく", "mn": "after all; in the end; ultimately; eventually", "fr": 460}, {"w": "結果", "rd": "けっか", "mn": "result; consequence; outcome; effect", "fr": 582}, {"w": "結婚", "rd": "けっこん", "mn": "marriage", "fr": 781}, {"w": "結ぶ", "rd": "むすぶ", "mn": "to tie; to bind; to link", "fr": 2473}, {"w": "結論", "rd": "けつろん", "mn": "conclusion (of an argument, discussion, study, etc.)", "fr": 2572}, {"w": "結婚式", "rd": "けっこんしき", "mn": "marriage ceremony; wedding; nuptials", "fr": 4387}, {"w": "結末", "rd": "けつまつ", "mn": "end; conclusion", "fr": 4577}, {"w": "結晶", "rd": "けっしょう", "mn": "crystal; crystallization; crystallisation", "fr": 7905}, {"w": "結びつく", "rd": "むすびつく", "mn": "to be related; to be connected; to be joined together", "fr": 9580}, {"w": "結成", "rd": "けっせい", "mn": "formation; combination", "fr": 9857}, {"w": "結合", "rd": "けつごう", "mn": "combination; union; joining; linking; coupling", "fr": 9966}, {"w": "完結", "rd": "かんけつ", "mn": "conclusion; completion", "fr": 11147}, {"w": "結束", "rd": "けっそく", "mn": "union; unity; solidarity", "fr": 12758}, {"w": "結婚相手", "rd": "けっこんあいて", "mn": "marriage partner; spouse", "fr": 13922}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 49, "rp": 43, "l": 9, "n": "結ぶ 給料"}}, {"k": "府", "g": 4, "o": 465, "f": 170, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "", "m": "borough; urban prefecture; govt office; representative body; storehouse", "pm": "borough", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "付", "nj": "フ", "ne": "adhere"}], "hc": "borough; cave; adhere; sellotape; person; glue", "hk": "municipality", "hs": "Cave . . . adhere.", "ks": "Mr. T glues together the caves forming a municipality.", "v": [{"w": "政府", "rd": "せいふ", "mn": "government; administration; ministry", "fr": 6134}, {"w": "幕府", "rd": "ばくふ", "mn": "shogunate; bakufu", "fr": 24795}, {"w": "内閣府", "rd": "ないかくふ", "mn": "Cabinet Office", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "州政府", "rd": "しゅうせいふ", "mn": "state government", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "府庁", "rd": "ふちょう", "mn": "prefectural office (of Osaka or Kyoto)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "府県", "rd": "ふけん", "mn": "prefectures (of Japan, excl. Tokyo and Hokkaido)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "府知事", "rd": "ふちじ", "mn": "prefectural governor (of Osaka or Kyoto)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "府立", "rd": "ふりつ", "mn": "prefectural; managed by an urban prefecture (Osaka or Kyoto)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "府警", "rd": "ふけい", "mn": "prefectural police (Osaka or Kyoto)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "日本政府", "rd": "にほんせいふ", "mn": "Japanese government", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "無政府", "rd": "むせいふ", "mn": "anarchy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "立法府", "rd": "りっぽうふ", "mn": "assize; court", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "総理府", "rd": "そうりふ", "mn": "Prime Minister's office; PMO", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "都道府県", "rd": "とどうふけん", "mn": "prefectures (of Japan); largest administrative divisions of Japan: Tokyo-to, Osa", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 3, "rp": 18, "l": 1, "n": "政府 受付"}}, {"k": "共", "g": 4, "o": 466, "f": 174, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "とも、とも.に、-ども", "m": "together; both; neither; all; and; alike; with", "pm": "together", "r": [{"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}], "hc": "salad; animal legs; eight", "hk": "together", "hs": "<i>Salad</i> . . . <i>animal legs</i>.", "ks": "Imagine yakitori with animal legs and salad skewered on together.", "v": [{"w": "共", "rd": "とも", "mn": "together with", "fr": 2453}, {"w": "共に", "rd": "ともに", "mn": "together; jointly", "fr": 3108}, {"w": "共有", "rd": "きょうゆう", "mn": "joint ownership; co-ownership; sharing (e.g. a viewpoint)", "fr": 3298}, {"w": "共通", "rd": "きょうつう", "mn": "common; shared; mutual", "fr": 4320}, {"w": "共感", "rd": "きょうかん", "mn": "sympathy; empathy; response; identification (with someone)", "fr": 6358}, {"w": "共同", "rd": "きょうどう", "mn": "cooperation; collaboration; association; partnership; (acting in) unison", "fr": 8645}, {"w": "共通点", "rd": "きょうつうてん", "mn": "point in common; common feature", "fr": 8951}, {"w": "共存", "rd": "きょうぞん", "mn": "coexistence", "fr": 12493}, {"w": "共犯", "rd": "きょうはん", "mn": "complicity", "fr": 13412}, {"w": "共鳴", "rd": "きょうめい", "mn": "resonance", "fr": 13766}, {"w": "共闘", "rd": "きょうとう", "mn": "joint struggle; common (united) front", "fr": 18956}, {"w": "共々", "rd": "ともども", "mn": "together; in company", "fr": 22834}, {"w": "公共", "rd": "こうきょう", "mn": "public (facilities, service, etc.); communal", "fr": 23342}, {"w": "共演", "rd": "きょうえん", "mn": "appearing together (in a film, play, etc.); performing together (at a concert, e", "fr": 24050}, {"w": "共謀", "rd": "きょうぼう", "mn": "conspiracy; collusion; complicity", "fr": 24283}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 408, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "軍", "g": 4, "o": 467, "f": 189, "j": null, "on": "グン", "kun": "いくさ", "m": "army; force; troops; war; battle", "pm": "army", "r": [{"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}], "hc": "chariot; crown; vehicle; car", "hk": "army", "hs": "The <i>crowned vehicle</i> depicted here is a  \" <i>chariot</i> ,\" symbol of an <b>army</b>.", "ks": "British <b>army</b> <i>cars</i> are at the service of the <i>crown</i>.", "v": [{"w": "軍", "rd": "ぐん", "mn": "army; armed forces; troops", "fr": 3648}, {"w": "軍隊", "rd": "ぐんたい", "mn": "armed forces; military; troops", "fr": 8192}, {"w": "将軍", "rd": "しょうぐん", "mn": "general", "fr": 8507}, {"w": "軍団", "rd": "ぐんだん", "mn": "army corps; corps", "fr": 10178}, {"w": "軍人", "rd": "ぐんじん", "mn": "serviceman; servicewoman; soldier; member of the armed forces; military personne", "fr": 10422}, {"w": "援軍", "rd": "えんぐん", "mn": "reinforcement", "fr": 12822}, {"w": "軍事", "rd": "ぐんじ", "mn": "military affairs", "fr": 14021}, {"w": "海軍", "rd": "かいぐん", "mn": "navy; naval force", "fr": 23023}, {"w": "軍服", "rd": "ぐんぷく", "mn": "military uniform", "fr": 23548}, {"w": "軍用", "rd": "ぐんよう", "mn": "for military use", "fr": 24154}, {"w": "陸軍", "rd": "りくぐん", "mn": "army", "fr": 24656}, {"w": "軍備", "rd": "ぐんび", "mn": "armaments; military preparations", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "軍艦", "rd": "ぐんかん", "mn": "warship; battleship", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一軍", "rd": "いちぐん", "mn": "an army", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "両軍", "rd": "りょうぐん", "mn": "both armies", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 57, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": "軍隊 運命"}}, {"k": "参", "g": 4, "o": 468, "f": 201, "j": null, "on": "サン、シン", "kun": "まい.る、まい-、まじわる、みつ", "m": "nonplussed; three (in documents); going; coming; visiting; visit; be defeated; die; be madly in love; participate; take part in", "pm": "nonplussed", "r": [{"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}, {"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}, {"c": "彡", "nj": "さんづくり", "ne": "hair-style"}], "hc": "nonplussed; elbow; large; St. Bernard; shape", "hk": "visit", "hs": "Elbow . . . St. Bernard dog . . . shape.", "ks": "I'm going to <b>visit</b> my grandpa in the hospital. He broke his <i>elbow</i> , and it became really <i>big</i> and contorted into a weird <i>shape</i>. I hope he will be all right!", "v": [{"w": "参加", "rd": "さんか", "mn": "participation; joining; entry", "fr": 1132}, {"w": "参る", "rd": "まいる", "mn": "to go; to come; to call", "fr": 1500}, {"w": "参考", "rd": "さんこう", "mn": "reference; consultation", "fr": 5594}, {"w": "降参", "rd": "こうさん", "mn": "surrender; submission; capitulation", "fr": 7003}, {"w": "参加者", "rd": "さんかしゃ", "mn": "participant; entrant; player; competitor", "fr": 7415}, {"w": "持参", "rd": "じさん", "mn": "bringing; taking; carrying", "fr": 10716}, {"w": "参戦", "rd": "さんせん", "mn": "participation in a war; going to war", "fr": 11249}, {"w": "墓参り", "rd": "はかまいり", "mn": "visit to a grave", "fr": 13061}, {"w": "お参り", "rd": "おまいり", "mn": "visit (to a shrine, grave, etc.); worship", "fr": 15358}, {"w": "参考書", "rd": "さんこうしょ", "mn": "reference book; study-aid book; supplemental textbook; student handbook", "fr": 16224}, {"w": "参与", "rd": "さんよ", "mn": "participation; taking part", "fr": 16280}, {"w": "参照", "rd": "さんしょう", "mn": "reference (e.g. to a dictionary, passage, footnotes); consultation; comparison", "fr": 18246}, {"w": "参謀", "rd": "さんぼう", "mn": "staff officer; military staff", "fr": 18298}, {"w": "人参", "rd": "にんじん", "mn": "carrot (Daucus carota)", "fr": 24477}, {"w": "参議院", "rd": "さんぎいん", "mn": "House of Councillors (upper house of the National Diet of Japan)", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 146, "rp": 26, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "利", "g": 4, "o": 469, "f": 203, "j": null, "on": "リ", "kun": "き.く", "m": "profit; advantage; benefit", "pm": "profit", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "profit", "hs": "<i>Wheat</i> . . . <i>saber</i>. Be careful not to confuse with <i>gain</i> (Frame 941) or <i>earnings</i> (Frame 959).", "ks": "Use the saber to cut the wheat and get your profit.", "v": [{"w": "利用", "rd": "りよう", "mn": "use; utilization; utilisation; application", "fr": 987}, {"w": "権利", "rd": "けんり", "mn": "right; privilege", "fr": 2070}, {"w": "勝利", "rd": "しょうり", "mn": "victory; triumph; win; conquest; success", "fr": 2118}, {"w": "便利", "rd": "べんり", "mn": "convenient; handy; useful", "fr": 2639}, {"w": "利く", "rd": "きく", "mn": "to be effective; to take effect; to be good (for)", "fr": 3044}, {"w": "不利", "rd": "ふり", "mn": "disadvantage; handicap; unfavorable position", "fr": 4397}, {"w": "有利", "rd": "ゆうり", "mn": "advantageous; favourable; better; stronger", "fr": 4483}, {"w": "利益", "rd": "りえき", "mn": "profit; gains", "fr": 4914}, {"w": "利", "rd": "り", "mn": "advantage; benefit; profit; interest", "fr": 10218}, {"w": "鋭利", "rd": "えいり", "mn": "sharp; keen; acute", "fr": 13749}, {"w": "利害", "rd": "りがい", "mn": "advantages and disadvantages; interests (of parties)", "fr": 14236}, {"w": "利点", "rd": "りてん", "mn": "advantage; point in favor; point in favour", "fr": 15043}, {"w": "利かせる", "rd": "きかせる", "mn": "to bring out (the effect of); to put to good use; to make use of (e.g. threats);", "fr": 16842}, {"w": "利用者", "rd": "りようしゃ", "mn": "user; end-user; consumer; patron; customer; client", "fr": 18620}, {"w": "利口", "rd": "りこう", "mn": "clever; intelligent; bright; smart; wise; sensible; shrewd", "fr": 18666}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 421, "rp": 12, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "案", "g": 4, "o": 470, "f": 206, "j": null, "on": "アン", "kun": "つくえ", "m": "plan; suggestion; draft; ponder; fear; proposition; idea; expectation; worry; table; bench", "pm": "plan", "r": [{"c": "安", "nj": "アン", "ne": "relax"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "relax; house; woman; tree; wood", "hk": "plan", "hs": "Without much effort, the elements <i>relax</i> . . . <i>tree</i> suggest a hammock strung between two <i>trees</i> in your backyard, and you stretched out in it, hands folded behind your head, <b>planning</b> something or other. After all, it's something we all do from time to time: kick up our legs on the nearest piece of furniture and daydream about the best <b>plan</b> of action to take. Be sure to relate the <i>relaxation</i> to the <i>tree</i> , so that you don't end up with something else in its place (like \"legs\" or \"desk\" or \"table\").", "ks": "I <b>plan</b> to RELAX on top of that TREE.", "v": [{"w": "案内", "rd": "あんない", "mn": "guidance; leading (the way); showing around", "fr": 1522}, {"w": "提案", "rd": "ていあん", "mn": "proposal; proposition; suggestion", "fr": 1735}, {"w": "案外", "rd": "あんがい", "mn": "unexpectedly; surprisingly", "fr": 2265}, {"w": "案", "rd": "あん", "mn": "idea; plan; proposal; suggestion; (government) bill", "fr": 3796}, {"w": "案の定", "rd": "あんのじょう", "mn": "as expected; just as one thought; as feared; sure enough", "fr": 5917}, {"w": "案件", "rd": "あんけん", "mn": "matter (to discuss); item (on the agenda); issue; topic; case", "fr": 6740}, {"w": "思案", "rd": "しあん", "mn": "careful thought; consideration; deliberation; reflection; rumination; pondering", "fr": 7577}, {"w": "名案", "rd": "めいあん", "mn": "good idea", "fr": 10691}, {"w": "考案", "rd": "こうあん", "mn": "plan; device; idea; design; contrivance; conception; invention", "fr": 15633}, {"w": "発案", "rd": "はつあん", "mn": "suggestion; proposition; proposal; idea", "fr": 16724}, {"w": "妙案", "rd": "みょうあん", "mn": "ingenious idea; excellent plan; bright idea", "fr": 21521}, {"w": "立案", "rd": "りつあん", "mn": "planning; devising (a plan)", "fr": 22773}, {"w": "法案", "rd": "ほうあん", "mn": "bill (law); measure", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "答案", "rd": "とうあん", "mn": "examination paper; examination script; answer sheet", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "議案", "rd": "ぎあん", "mn": "legislative bill; measure", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 64, "rp": 59, "l": 10, "n": ""}}, {"k": "信", "g": 4, "o": 471, "f": 208, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "", "m": "faith; truth; fidelity; trust", "pm": "faith", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}], "hc": "person; say; words; keitai; mouth", "hk": "faith", "hs": "Person . . . words.", "ks": "Faith is believing that a person will be true to his word.", "v": [{"w": "信じる", "rd": "しんじる", "mn": "to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in", "fr": 291}, {"w": "自信", "rd": "じしん", "mn": "self-confidence; confidence (in oneself)", "fr": 850}, {"w": "信用", "rd": "しんよう", "mn": "confidence; trust; faith; reputation", "fr": 1568}, {"w": "信頼", "rd": "しんらい", "mn": "trust (in); confidence; faith; reliance", "fr": 1700}, {"w": "確信", "rd": "かくしん", "mn": "conviction; belief; confidence", "fr": 2089}, {"w": "通信", "rd": "つうしん", "mn": "correspondence; communication; transmission; news; signal; telecommunications", "fr": 4975}, {"w": "送信", "rd": "そうしん", "mn": "transmission; sending", "fr": 5464}, {"w": "信号", "rd": "しんごう", "mn": "signal; signalling; signaling", "fr": 6018}, {"w": "信念", "rd": "しんねん", "mn": "belief; faith; conviction", "fr": 6105}, {"w": "信ずる", "rd": "しんずる", "mn": "to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in", "fr": 6646}, {"w": "配信", "rd": "はいしん", "mn": "distribution (of information, news, etc.); broadcast; delivery; transmission; st", "fr": 6970}, {"w": "返信", "rd": "へんしん", "mn": "reply (e.g. email, fax, letter); answer", "fr": 7183}, {"w": "信仰", "rd": "しんこう", "mn": "(religious) faith; belief; creed", "fr": 8372}, {"w": "発信", "rd": "はっしん", "mn": "dispatch; despatch; transmission; submission", "fr": 8818}, {"w": "信者", "rd": "しんじゃ", "mn": "believer; adherent; devotee; follower", "fr": 11490}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 973, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "別", "g": 4, "o": 472, "f": 214, "j": null, "on": "ベツ", "kun": "わか.れる、わ.ける", "m": "separate; branch off; diverge; fork; another; extra; specially", "pm": "separate", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "勹", "nj": "つつみがまえ", "ne": "to wrap"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "mouth; bound up; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "separate", "hs": "In the Old East, the samurai and his <i>saber</i> were never <b>separated</b>. They were constant companions, like the cowboy of the Old West and his six-shooter. This character depicts what must have been the height of <b>separation</b> -anxiety for a samurai: to be <i>bound up with a rope</i> and unable to get at his <i>saber</i> leaning only a few feet away from him. Look at that <i>mouth</i> bellowing out for shame and sorrow! Note the order in which the element for <i>tied up</i> is written - just as it had been with the character for <i>ten thousand</i>.", "ks": "The prisoner with the BOUND MOUTH was separate d from his SABRE.", "v": [{"w": "別に", "rd": "べつに", "mn": "(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially", "fr": 325}, {"w": "別", "rd": "べつ", "mn": "distinction; difference; discrimination", "fr": 400}, {"w": "特別", "rd": "とくべつ", "mn": "special; particular; extraordinary; exceptional; especial", "fr": 676}, {"w": "別れる", "rd": "わかれる", "mn": "to part (usu. of people); to part from; to part with; to be apart from", "fr": 1014}, {"w": "別人", "rd": "べつじん", "mn": "different person; another person; someone else; changed man", "fr": 3410}, {"w": "別れ", "rd": "わかれ", "mn": "parting (of people); separation; farewell", "fr": 3579}, {"w": "別々", "rd": "べつべつ", "mn": "separate; respective; different", "fr": 4557}, {"w": "区別", "rd": "くべつ", "mn": "distinction; differentiation; discrimination; difference", "fr": 6404}, {"w": "性別", "rd": "せいべつ", "mn": "(distinction of) sex; gender", "fr": 7231}, {"w": "差別", "rd": "さべつ", "mn": "distinction; differentiation; discrimination", "fr": 8654}, {"w": "格別", "rd": "かくべつ", "mn": "particular; special; exceptional; especial", "fr": 9173}, {"w": "別荘", "rd": "べっそう", "mn": "holiday house; vacation home; villa", "fr": 10572}, {"w": "分別", "rd": "ふんべつ", "mn": "discretion; prudence; good sense; judgement; judgment; wisdom; discernment", "fr": 12594}, {"w": "個別", "rd": "こべつ", "mn": "individual; separate; personal; case-by-case", "fr": 12684}, {"w": "別名", "rd": "べつめい", "mn": "another name; different name; synonym", "fr": 13464}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 177, "rp": 44, "l": 9, "n": ""}}, {"k": "側", "g": 4, "o": 473, "f": 216, "j": null, "on": "ソク", "kun": "かわ、がわ、そば", "m": "side; lean; oppose; regret", "pm": "side", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "則", "nj": "ソク", "ne": "rule"}], "hc": "person; rule; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "side", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>rule</i>. See frame 92 for help.", "ks": "<i>Mr. T rulezzz</i>! I am on his <b>side</b>!", "v": [{"w": "側", "rd": "がわ", "mn": "side (of something, or taking someone's side); part", "fr": 967}, {"w": "内側", "rd": "うちがわ", "mn": "inside; interior; inner part", "fr": 3028}, {"w": "向こう側", "rd": "むこうがわ", "mn": "other side; opposite side; other party", "fr": 5035}, {"w": "裏側", "rd": "うらがわ", "mn": "the reverse (side); back (side); other side; hidden side; behind the scenes", "fr": 5403}, {"w": "反対側", "rd": "はんたいがわ", "mn": "opposite side; opposition", "fr": 5498}, {"w": "外側", "rd": "そとがわ", "mn": "exterior; outside; outer; external; lateral", "fr": 5710}, {"w": "側面", "rd": "そくめん", "mn": "side; flank; profile; sidelight; lateral", "fr": 7246}, {"w": "右側", "rd": "みぎがわ", "mn": "right side; right-hand side", "fr": 7425}, {"w": "左側", "rd": "ひだりがわ", "mn": "left side; left-hand side", "fr": 8368}, {"w": "両側", "rd": "りょうがわ", "mn": "both sides", "fr": 11496}, {"w": "側近", "rd": "そっきん", "mn": "close aide (of a powerful person); close associate; entourage; attendant; retain", "fr": 14337}, {"w": "西側", "rd": "にしがわ", "mn": "west side; west bank", "fr": 15165}, {"w": "東側", "rd": "ひがしがわ", "mn": "east side; east bank", "fr": 17265}, {"w": "北側", "rd": "きたがわ", "mn": "north side; north bank", "fr": 17481}, {"w": "縁側", "rd": "えんがわ", "mn": "engawa", "fr": 19133}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 18, "rp": 53, "l": 9, "n": ""}}, {"k": "求", "g": 4, "o": 474, "f": 220, "j": null, "on": "キュウ、グ", "kun": "もと.める", "m": "request; want; wish for; require; demand", "pm": "request", "r": [{"c": "氺", "nj": "したみず", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "arrow; grains of rice", "hk": "request", "hs": "Let the <i>drop</i> in the upper right-hand corner of this character close the right angle off to make an <i>arrowhead</i>. Whenever we find the <i>needle</i> with that <i>drop</i> in an element that has no other special meaning, we will take advantage of this primitive meaning. At the bottom, we see the <i>grains of rice</i> , the vertical line doubling up for the two elements. Do not confuse with <i>petition</i> (Frame 143).", "ks": "Robin Hood holds his rich victim at arrowpoint and kindly request s that he hands over his grains of rice.", "v": [{"w": "求める", "rd": "もとめる", "mn": "to want; to wish for", "fr": 686}, {"w": "要求", "rd": "ようきゅう", "mn": "demand; firm request; requisition; requirement; desire", "fr": 2333}, {"w": "欲求", "rd": "よっきゅう", "mn": "desire; want; will; wish; urge; craving", "fr": 6421}, {"w": "追求", "rd": "ついきゅう", "mn": "pursuit (of a goal, ideal, etc.); search; chase; seeking after", "fr": 6751}, {"w": "請求", "rd": "せいきゅう", "mn": "claim; demand; charge; application; request; billing (for a service)", "fr": 8479}, {"w": "請求書", "rd": "せいきゅうしょ", "mn": "bill; account; invoice", "fr": 24552}, {"w": "探求", "rd": "たんきゅう", "mn": "search; quest; pursuit", "fr": 24599}, {"w": "求人", "rd": "きゅうじん", "mn": "recruiting; job offer; job vacancy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "求刑", "rd": "きゅうけい", "mn": "recommended sentence; prosecution's demand for punishment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "求心力", "rd": "きゅうしんりょく", "mn": "centripetal force", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "求職", "rd": "きゅうしょく", "mn": "job hunting; seeking employment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "請求権", "rd": "せいきゅうけん", "mn": "claim rights", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "身代金要求", "rd": "みのしろきんようきゅう", "mn": "ransom demand", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 57, "rp": 55, "l": 11, "n": ""}}, {"k": "昨", "g": 4, "o": 475, "f": 226, "j": null, "on": "サク", "kun": "", "m": "yesterday; previous", "pm": "yesterday", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "乍", "nj": "サ", "ne": "though"}], "hc": "sun; day; saw", "hk": "yesterday", "hs": "Day . . . saw.", "ks": "Today I see. Yesterday I saw.", "v": [{"w": "昨日", "rd": "きのう", "mn": "yesterday", "fr": 363}, {"w": "昨夜", "rd": "さくや", "mn": "last night; yesterday evening", "fr": 3023}, {"w": "昨晩", "rd": "さくばん", "mn": "last night", "fr": 7342}, {"w": "一昨日", "rd": "おととい", "mn": "day before yesterday", "fr": 8075}, {"w": "昨年", "rd": "さくねん", "mn": "last year", "fr": 8184}, {"w": "昨今", "rd": "さっこん", "mn": "these days; nowadays; recently; lately", "fr": 13472}, {"w": "一昨年", "rd": "いっさくねん", "mn": "year before last", "fr": 22293}, {"w": "昨年度", "rd": "さくねんど", "mn": "previous year (fiscal, academic, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "昨年来", "rd": "さくねんらい", "mn": "since last year", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "昨春", "rd": "さくしゅん", "mn": "last spring; the spring of last year", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "昨秋", "rd": "さくしゅう", "mn": "autumn of last year; fall of last year", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 46, "rp": 39, "l": 4, "n": "昨年 作戦"}}, {"k": "官", "g": 4, "o": 476, "f": 230, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "", "m": "bureaucrat; the government; organ", "pm": "bureaucrat", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "house; maestro without baton", "hk": "bureaucrat", "hs": "By replacing the <i>maestro</i> 's baton (the <i>drop</i> ) with the roof of a <i>house</i> , we have his equivalent in the institutional world of big government: the <b>bureaucrat</b>.", "ks": "No one likes classical music anymore. Our <i>Maestro</i> is here at <i>home</i> without his baton sighing sadly before he heads off for another day as his new job as a <b>bureaucrat</b>.", "v": [{"w": "警官", "rd": "けいかん", "mn": "police officer; policeman; constable", "fr": 6842}, {"w": "警察官", "rd": "けいさつかん", "mn": "police officer; policeman; policewoman", "fr": 7493}, {"w": "器官", "rd": "きかん", "mn": "organ", "fr": 14477}, {"w": "教官", "rd": "きょうかん", "mn": "teacher; instructor; professor", "fr": 15140}, {"w": "官僚", "rd": "かんりょう", "mn": "bureaucrat; government official; bureaucracy", "fr": 19768}, {"w": "司令官", "rd": "しれいかん", "mn": "commandant; commanding officer; general", "fr": 20272}, {"w": "長官", "rd": "ちょうかん", "mn": "secretary (government); director; chief", "fr": 20665}, {"w": "神官", "rd": "しんかん", "mn": "(Shinto) priest", "fr": 21956}, {"w": "捜査官", "rd": "そうさかん", "mn": "(police) investigator", "fr": 24078}, {"w": "官庁", "rd": "かんちょう", "mn": "government office; government agency; authorities", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "事務官", "rd": "じむかん", "mn": "administrative official; secretary; commissioner", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "事務次官", "rd": "じむじかん", "mn": "permanent vice-president; undersecretary; vice-minister", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "代官", "rd": "だいかん", "mn": "local governor (Edo period); local magistrate; bailiff", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "係官", "rd": "かかりかん", "mn": "official in charge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "内閣官房", "rd": "ないかくかんぼう", "mn": "Cabinet Secretariat", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 73, "rp": 47, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "特", "g": 4, "o": 477, "f": 234, "j": null, "on": "トク", "kun": "", "m": "special", "pm": "special", "r": [{"c": "牛", "nj": "うし", "ne": "cow"}, {"c": "寺", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "Buddhist temple"}], "hc": "cow; Buddhist temple; soil; dirt; ground; glue", "hk": "special", "hs": "Despite the strong phonetic similarity, there will be no problem keeping the key word <b>special</b> distinct from the character we met earlier for <i>specialty</i> (Frame 47), since the latter has immediate connotations lacking in this kanji. Anyway, we shall let the key word of this frame refer to something in a <b>special</b> class all its own - like the sacred <i>cows</i> of India that wander freely without fear of being butchered and ground into hamburger. Even though the practice is originally a Hindu one, and in any case no longer followed among the majority of Japanese Buddhist monks, the Buddha's refusal to take the life of any sentient being makes it only fitting that the <i>cows</i> should be placed on the sacred grounds of a <i>Buddhist temple</i> in this kanji.", "ks": "Think of not <b>special</b> people, but <b>special</b> animals. The sacred Hindu <i>cows</i> are <b>special</b> \\- they can wander around the <i>temple</i> without fear of becoming roast beef.", "v": [{"w": "特に", "rd": "とくに", "mn": "particularly; especially; in particular; expressly", "fr": 600}, {"w": "特別", "rd": "とくべつ", "mn": "special; particular; extraordinary; exceptional; especial", "fr": 676}, {"w": "特殊", "rd": "とくしゅ", "mn": "special; particular; peculiar; unique", "fr": 2396}, {"w": "特定", "rd": "とくてい", "mn": "specific; particular; designated; special", "fr": 2908}, {"w": "特徴", "rd": "とくちょう", "mn": "feature; trait; characteristic; peculiarity; distinction", "fr": 3025}, {"w": "独特", "rd": "どくとく", "mn": "peculiarity; uniqueness; characteristic", "fr": 4279}, {"w": "特有", "rd": "とくゆう", "mn": "characteristic (of); peculiar (to)", "fr": 5674}, {"w": "特製", "rd": "とくせい", "mn": "special make; deluxe", "fr": 5835}, {"w": "特訓", "rd": "とっくん", "mn": "special training; intensive training; crash course", "fr": 6076}, {"w": "特権", "rd": "とっけん", "mn": "privilege; special right", "fr": 7699}, {"w": "特技", "rd": "とくぎ", "mn": "special skill", "fr": 7878}, {"w": "特性", "rd": "とくせい", "mn": "special characteristic; special quality; trait; idiosyncrasy; peculiarity", "fr": 8816}, {"w": "特集", "rd": "とくしゅう", "mn": "feature (e.g. newspaper); special edition; report", "fr": 9503}, {"w": "特典", "rd": "とくてん", "mn": "privilege; special favor; special favour; benefit; prerogative; perk; amenity", "fr": 12829}, {"w": "特大", "rd": "とくだい", "mn": "extra-large; king-size", "fr": 14032}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 118, "rp": 32, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "変", "g": 4, "o": 478, "f": 238, "j": null, "on": "ヘン", "kun": "か.わる、か.わり、か.える", "m": "unusual; change; strange", "pm": "unusual", "r": [{"c": "亦", "nj": "エキ", "ne": "also"}, {"c": "夂", "nj": "のまた", "ne": "to follow"}], "hc": "apple; walking legs", "hk": "unusual", "hs": "Apple . . . walking legs.", "ks": "It is unusual in the obese US to eat apples or to walk.", "v": [{"w": "大変", "rd": "たいへん", "mn": "very; greatly; terribly; awfully", "fr": 255}, {"w": "変わる", "rd": "かわる", "mn": "to change; to be transformed; to be altered; to vary", "fr": 297}, {"w": "変", "rd": "へん", "mn": "strange; odd; peculiar; weird; curious; eccentric; funny; suspicious; fishy", "fr": 318}, {"w": "変える", "rd": "かえる", "mn": "to change; to alter; to transform; to convert; to turn; to vary", "fr": 453}, {"w": "変わった", "rd": "かわった", "mn": "unusual; abnormal; strange; odd; peculiar; weird; different", "fr": 795}, {"w": "相変わらず", "rd": "あいかわらず", "mn": "as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still", "fr": 808}, {"w": "変化", "rd": "へんか", "mn": "change; variation; alteration; mutation; transition; transformation", "fr": 1474}, {"w": "変わらない", "rd": "かわらない", "mn": "constant; invariant", "fr": 1925}, {"w": "変更", "rd": "へんこう", "mn": "change; modification; alteration; revision; amendment", "fr": 2169}, {"w": "変わり", "rd": "かわり", "mn": "change; alteration", "fr": 2975}, {"w": "変態", "rd": "へんたい", "mn": "transformation", "fr": 3238}, {"w": "異変", "rd": "いへん", "mn": "unusual event; strange occurrence; strange phenomenon; something abnormal; chang", "fr": 5180}, {"w": "変身", "rd": "へんしん", "mn": "metamorphosis; disguise; transformation; shapeshifting; morphing", "fr": 5259}, {"w": "一変", "rd": "いっぺん", "mn": "complete change; about-face", "fr": 8406}, {"w": "変換", "rd": "へんかん", "mn": "change; conversion; transformation", "fr": 8414}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 101, "rp": 38, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "各", "g": 4, "o": 479, "f": 243, "j": null, "on": "カク", "kun": "おのおの", "m": "each; every; either", "pm": "each", "r": [{"c": "夂", "nj": "のまた", "ne": "to follow"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "walking legs; mouth", "hk": "each", "hs": "\"Suum cuique\" goes the popular Latin proverb. A certain disease of the English language makes it almost impossible to translate the phrase without gender bias. In any event, here we see someone walking with his/her <i>mouth</i> between his/her <i>walking legs</i> , giving us an image of \"To <b>each</b> his/her own. \"", "ks": "Each and every one of us walks and talks differently.", "v": [{"w": "各", "rd": "かく", "mn": "each; every; all", "fr": 2428}, {"w": "各地", "rd": "かくち", "mn": "each place; every place; various places; all parts (of the country, world, etc.)", "fr": 6156}, {"w": "各自", "rd": "かくじ", "mn": "each (person); everyone; individual; respective", "fr": 6311}, {"w": "各々", "rd": "おのおの", "mn": "each", "fr": 9676}, {"w": "各種", "rd": "かくしゅ", "mn": "every kind; all sorts", "fr": 11679}, {"w": "各国", "rd": "かっこく", "mn": "each country; every country; various countries; all countries", "fr": 11989}, {"w": "世界各地", "rd": "せかいかくち", "mn": "every part of the world; all over the world; the four corners of the world", "fr": 20473}, {"w": "世界各国", "rd": "せかいかっこく", "mn": "countries all over the world; all the countries of the world", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "各位", "rd": "かくい", "mn": "everyone; each and every one (of you); ladies and gentlemen", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 117, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "挙", "g": 4, "o": 480, "f": 257, "j": null, "on": "キョ", "kun": "あ.げる、あ.がる、こぞ.る", "m": "raise; plan; project; behavior; actions", "pm": "raise", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}, {"c": "手", "nj": "て", "ne": "hand"}], "hc": "owl; tool; hand", "hk": "raise", "hs": "Owl . . . tool . . . hand.", "ks": "When Harry Potter raise s his hand , Hedwig brings him a magical tool.", "v": [{"w": "選挙", "rd": "せんきょ", "mn": "election", "fr": 10846}, {"w": "挙句", "rd": "あげく", "mn": "after (a long process); at the end of", "fr": 13820}, {"w": "暴挙", "rd": "ぼうきょ", "mn": "violence; reckless action; (an) outrage", "fr": 19703}, {"w": "一挙", "rd": "いっきょ", "mn": "one effort; one action", "fr": 24783}, {"w": "一挙に", "rd": "いっきょに", "mn": "at a stroke; with a single swoop", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "列挙", "rd": "れっきょ", "mn": "enumeration; list", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "小選挙区", "rd": "しょうせんきょく", "mn": "small electoral district; single-member constituency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "快挙", "rd": "かいきょ", "mn": "brilliant achievement; spectacular feat; splendid accomplishment; remarkable dee", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "挙党", "rd": "きょとう", "mn": "whole party; party as a whole", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "挙式", "rd": "きょしき", "mn": "holding a ceremony; wedding ceremony", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "普通選挙", "rd": "ふつうせんきょ", "mn": "universal suffrage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "枚挙", "rd": "まいきょ", "mn": "enumeration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "検挙", "rd": "けんきょ", "mn": "arrest; roundup", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "直接選挙", "rd": "ちょくせつせんきょ", "mn": "direct election", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "総選挙", "rd": "そうせんきょ", "mn": "general election (of the lower house)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "果", "g": 4, "o": 481, "f": 258, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "は.たす、はた.す、-は.たす、は.てる、-は.てる、は.て", "m": "fruit; reward; carry out; achieve; complete; end; finish; succeed", "pm": "fruit", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "rice field; brains; tree; wood", "hk": "fruit", "hs": "The final stage of the seed is reached when the plant has reached its full growth (the <i>tree</i> ) and comes to fruition, producing <b>fruit</b> full of new seeds that can return to the earth and start the process all over again. The main thing to notice here is the element for <i>brains</i> at the top, which might prove more helpful than <i>rice field</i> for creating an image. The writing, however, follows the order of a <i>sun</i> with a <i>tree</i> whose trunk runs through the <i>sun</i>.", "ks": "Just a pictogram of a cluster of fruit on a tree.", "v": [{"w": "結果", "rd": "けっか", "mn": "result; consequence; outcome; effect", "fr": 582}, {"w": "効果", "rd": "こうか", "mn": "effect; effectiveness; efficacy; result", "fr": 1653}, {"w": "果たす", "rd": "はたす", "mn": "to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out; to fulfill; to fulfil; to realize; to e", "fr": 1736}, {"w": "果たして", "rd": "はたして", "mn": "as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough", "fr": 2749}, {"w": "成果", "rd": "せいか", "mn": "(good) result; outcome; fruits (of one's labors); product; accomplishment", "fr": 2887}, {"w": "果て", "rd": "はて", "mn": "end; extremity; limit", "fr": 4823}, {"w": "果てる", "rd": "はてる", "mn": "to end; to be finished; to be exhausted", "fr": 6872}, {"w": "効果的", "rd": "こうかてき", "mn": "effective; successful", "fr": 7038}, {"w": "果物", "rd": "くだもの", "mn": "fruit", "fr": 7494}, {"w": "逆効果", "rd": "ぎゃくこうか", "mn": "opposite effect; adverse effect; backfiring", "fr": 8458}, {"w": "果実", "rd": "かじつ", "mn": "fruit; nut; berry", "fr": 9398}, {"w": "因果", "rd": "いんが", "mn": "cause and effect; causality", "fr": 10530}, {"w": "果敢", "rd": "かかん", "mn": "resolute; determined; bold", "fr": 16789}, {"w": "果てしない", "rd": "はてしない", "mn": "endless; boundless; everlasting", "fr": 19121}, {"w": "困り果てる", "rd": "こまりはてる", "mn": "to be at a complete loss; to be without recourse; to be completely stymied; to h", "fr": 19394}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 220, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "必", "g": 4, "o": 482, "f": 265, "j": null, "on": "ヒツ", "kun": "かなら.ず", "m": "invariably; certain; inevitable", "pm": "invariably", "r": [{"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}], "hc": "heart; stick; drop; fishhook", "hk": "invariably", "hs": "First note the stroke order of this character, which did not really evolve from the <i>heart</i> , even though we take it that way. If one takes it as a pictograph \"dividing\" <i>the heart</i> in half, then one has one of those <b>invariably</b> true bits of human anatomy: the fact that each <i>heart</i> is divided into two halves.", "ks": "You swear you'll be in love forever, but <b>invariably</b> there comes a time when your <i>heart</i> is <i>divided</i>.", "v": [{"w": "必要", "rd": "ひつよう", "mn": "necessary; needed; essential; indispensable", "fr": 246}, {"w": "必ず", "rd": "かならず", "mn": "always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively; inv", "fr": 407}, {"w": "必死", "rd": "ひっし", "mn": "frantic; frenetic; desperate", "fr": 912}, {"w": "必死になって", "rd": "ひっしになって", "mn": "desperately; for one's dear life", "fr": 6309}, {"w": "必須", "rd": "ひっす", "mn": "indispensable; essential; requisite; required; compulsory; necessary", "fr": 7994}, {"w": "必然", "rd": "ひつぜん", "mn": "inevitable; necessary; certain; sure", "fr": 8150}, {"w": "必ずしも", "rd": "かならずしも", "mn": "(not) always; (not) necessarily; (not) entirely; (not) all", "fr": 8270}, {"w": "必然的", "rd": "ひつぜんてき", "mn": "inevitable; necessary", "fr": 10387}, {"w": "必要性", "rd": "ひつようせい", "mn": "necessity; need", "fr": 12657}, {"w": "必至", "rd": "ひっし", "mn": "inevitable; necessary; foregone", "fr": 15386}, {"w": "不必要", "rd": "ふひつよう", "mn": "unnecessary; needless", "fr": 15511}, {"w": "必勝", "rd": "ひっしょう", "mn": "certain victory", "fr": 22894}, {"w": "必修", "rd": "ひっしゅう", "mn": "required (subject)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "必需品", "rd": "ひつじゅひん", "mn": "necessities; necessary article; requisite; essentials", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "必携", "rd": "ひっけい", "mn": "indispensable; essential; must-have", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 183, "rp": 21, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "争", "g": 4, "o": 483, "f": 271, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "あらそ.う、いか.でか", "m": "contend; dispute; argue", "pm": "contend", "r": [{"c": "亅", "nj": "はねぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke with a hook"}], "hc": "bound up; rake", "hk": "contend", "hs": "Bound up . . . rake.", "ks": "A boxing ring is bound up by the ropes. The contend er is cheating and using a rake.", "v": [{"w": "戦争", "rd": "せんそう", "mn": "war", "fr": 2366}, {"w": "争う", "rd": "あらそう", "mn": "to compete; to contest; to contend", "fr": 3263}, {"w": "争い", "rd": "あらそい", "mn": "fight; dispute; feud; conflict; struggle; strife; discord; argument; quarrel; co", "fr": 3555}, {"w": "競争", "rd": "きょうそう", "mn": "competition; contest; rivalry; race", "fr": 6365}, {"w": "抗争", "rd": "こうそう", "mn": "rivalry; feud; conflict; dispute; struggle; strife; contention; resistance", "fr": 15353}, {"w": "闘争", "rd": "とうそう", "mn": "fight; battle; combat; conflict", "fr": 15636}, {"w": "紛争", "rd": "ふんそう", "mn": "dispute; conflict; trouble; unrest; strife", "fr": 23711}, {"w": "論争", "rd": "ろんそう", "mn": "dispute; controversy; debate; argument; taking issue", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "争奪", "rd": "そうだつ", "mn": "struggle (for); scramble; contest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "争点", "rd": "そうてん", "mn": "point at issue", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "争議", "rd": "そうぎ", "mn": "dispute; quarrel; strike", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "係争", "rd": "けいそう", "mn": "dispute; contention; conflict; controversy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "太平洋戦争", "rd": "たいへいようせんそう", "mn": "Pacific War (1941-1945)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "政争", "rd": "せいそう", "mn": "political strife", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競争入札", "rd": "きょうそうにゅうさつ", "mn": "competitive bidding (esp. for government contracts)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 84, "rp": 27, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "無", "g": 4, "o": 484, "f": 274, "j": null, "on": "ム、ブ", "kun": "な.い", "m": "nothingness; none; ain't; nothing; nil; not", "pm": "nothingness", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "reclining; lying down; tub; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "nothingness", "hs": "This character is the Japanese character for the supreme philosophical principle of much Oriental thought: <b>nothingness</b>. Make use of the oaken <i>tub</i> from the previous frame, and add to that the <i>oven fire</i> at the bottom.", "ks": "In a hot tub you can relax and have your stress vanish into nothingness.", "v": [{"w": "無理", "rd": "むり", "mn": "unreasonable; unnatural; unjustifiable", "fr": 254}, {"w": "無事", "rd": "ぶじ", "mn": "safety; security; peace; quiet", "fr": 643}, {"w": "無駄", "rd": "むだ", "mn": "futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness", "fr": 1085}, {"w": "無視", "rd": "むし", "mn": "disregarding; ignoring", "fr": 1214}, {"w": "無い", "rd": "ない", "mn": "nonexistent; not being (there)", "fr": 2270}, {"w": "無理やり", "rd": "むりやり", "mn": "forcibly; by force; against one's will", "fr": 2578}, {"w": "無茶", "rd": "むちゃ", "mn": "absurd; unreasonable; ridiculous", "fr": 3182}, {"w": "無意識", "rd": "むいしき", "mn": "unconsciousness", "fr": 3271}, {"w": "無", "rd": "む", "mn": "nothing; naught; nought; nil; zero", "fr": 3407}, {"w": "無言", "rd": "むごん", "mn": "silence (not speaking); muteness", "fr": 3693}, {"w": "無意味", "rd": "むいみ", "mn": "nonsense; no meaning; meaningless", "fr": 3764}, {"w": "無限", "rd": "むげん", "mn": "infinity; infinitude; eternity", "fr": 4037}, {"w": "無用", "rd": "むよう", "mn": "useless; futile", "fr": 4057}, {"w": "無関係", "rd": "むかんけい", "mn": "unrelated", "fr": 4067}, {"w": "無力", "rd": "むりょく", "mn": "powerlessness; helplessness; incompetence; ineffectiveness", "fr": 4136}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 391, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "位", "g": 4, "o": 485, "f": 276, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "くらい、ぐらい", "m": "rank; grade; throne; crown; about; some", "pm": "rank", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}], "hc": "person; vase; stand up", "hk": "rank", "hs": "Person . . . vase.", "ks": "Rank A person 's stand ing.", "v": [{"w": "位置", "rd": "いち", "mn": "place; position; location", "fr": 1588}, {"w": "地位", "rd": "ちい", "mn": "(social) position; status; standing", "fr": 4632}, {"w": "位", "rd": "い", "mn": "rank; place (e.g. first place)", "fr": 4691}, {"w": "単位", "rd": "たんい", "mn": "unit (e.g. meters, grams, etc.); denomination", "fr": 5389}, {"w": "上位", "rd": "じょうい", "mn": "superior (in rank); top; ranking", "fr": 5864}, {"w": "部位", "rd": "ぶい", "mn": "part (esp. of the body); region; site; cut (of meat)", "fr": 10039}, {"w": "順位", "rd": "じゅんい", "mn": "order; rank; position (e.g. in a race); precedence", "fr": 11206}, {"w": "優位", "rd": "ゆうい", "mn": "predominance; superiority; ascendancy; advantage; supremacy", "fr": 11600}, {"w": "一位", "rd": "いちい", "mn": "first place; first rank", "fr": 15196}, {"w": "高位", "rd": "こうい", "mn": "dignity; eminent; high ranking", "fr": 21404}, {"w": "下位", "rd": "かい", "mn": "low rank; lower position; subordinate position; lower order (e.g. byte)", "fr": 23666}, {"w": "どの位", "rd": "どのくらい", "mn": "how long; how far; how much", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "どれ位", "rd": "どれくらい", "mn": "how long; how far; how much", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "位置付け", "rd": "いちづけ", "mn": "placement; fixed position; mapping out; location", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "位置付ける", "rd": "いちづける", "mn": "to place (in relation to the whole); to rank; to position; to locate", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 157, "rp": 29, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "置", "g": 4, "o": 486, "f": 277, "j": null, "on": "チ", "kun": "お.く、-お.き", "m": "placement; put; set; deposit; leave behind; keep; employ; pawn", "pm": "placement", "r": [{"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "直", "nj": "チョク", "ne": "straightaway"}], "hc": "eye; cross-eyed; net; straightaway; ten; needle; eye; fishhook", "hk": "placement", "hs": "Eye . . . straightaway.", "ks": "Working in retail you learn the <b>placement</b> of any item should be at <i>eye</i> level so it's seen <i>straightaway</i>.", "v": [{"w": "置く", "rd": "おく", "mn": "to put; to place", "fr": 319}, {"w": "位置", "rd": "いち", "mn": "place; position; location", "fr": 1588}, {"w": "放置", "rd": "ほうち", "mn": "leaving as is; leaving alone; leaving unattended; neglecting; abandoning", "fr": 3128}, {"w": "設置", "rd": "せっち", "mn": "establishment; institution", "fr": 3834}, {"w": "配置", "rd": "はいち", "mn": "arrangement (of resources); deployment; stationing; posting; disposition; config", "fr": 3945}, {"w": "装置", "rd": "そうち", "mn": "equipment; device; installation; apparatus", "fr": 4392}, {"w": "処置", "rd": "しょち", "mn": "measure; step; dealing with", "fr": 5906}, {"w": "置き去り", "rd": "おきざり", "mn": "leaving behind; desertion; abandonment", "fr": 6714}, {"w": "前置き", "rd": "まえおき", "mn": "preface; introduction; preamble", "fr": 9907}, {"w": "物置", "rd": "ものおき", "mn": "storage room; storeroom; lumber room", "fr": 13190}, {"w": "措置", "rd": "そち", "mn": "measure; step; action", "fr": 14003}, {"w": "置き換える", "rd": "おきかえる", "mn": "to move (something) to another location; to change the position of; to rearrange", "fr": 14152}, {"w": "置物", "rd": "おきもの", "mn": "ornament; decorative object", "fr": 17456}, {"w": "置き場", "rd": "おきば", "mn": "place to put something; storage space; storehouse; depository; repository; shed;", "fr": 18459}, {"w": "位置付け", "rd": "いちづけ", "mn": "placement; fixed position; mapping out; location", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 32, "rp": 73, "l": 15, "n": "置く 直る"}}, {"k": "料", "g": 4, "o": 487, "f": 295, "j": null, "on": "リョウ", "kun": "", "m": "fee; materials", "pm": "fee", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "斗", "nj": "ますづくり", "ne": "big dipper"}], "hc": "rice; measuring cup; big dipper; The Plough; drop; ten; needle", "hk": "fee", "hs": "Measuring cup . . . rice.", "ks": "When buying <i>rice</i> , the <b>fee</b> is calculated by the cup. Naturally we don't just use any cup, it has to be a proper <i>measuring cup</i>.", "v": [{"w": "料理", "rd": "りょうり", "mn": "cooking; cookery; cuisine; food; dish", "fr": 938}, {"w": "資料", "rd": "しりょう", "mn": "material; materials; data; information; documents", "fr": 2177}, {"w": "材料", "rd": "ざいりょう", "mn": "materials; ingredients", "fr": 2777}, {"w": "給料", "rd": "きゅうりょう", "mn": "salary; wages; pay", "fr": 3893}, {"w": "食料", "rd": "しょくりょう", "mn": "food", "fr": 5195}, {"w": "無料", "rd": "むりょう", "mn": "free (of charge); gratuitous", "fr": 5621}, {"w": "料", "rd": "りょう", "mn": "fee; charge; rate", "fr": 7492}, {"w": "料金", "rd": "りょうきん", "mn": "fee; charge; fare", "fr": 8252}, {"w": "燃料", "rd": "ねんりょう", "mn": "fuel", "fr": 9598}, {"w": "料理人", "rd": "りょうりにん", "mn": "cook; chef", "fr": 10551}, {"w": "調味料", "rd": "ちょうみりょう", "mn": "seasoning; flavoring; flavouring; condiment", "fr": 11835}, {"w": "原料", "rd": "げんりょう", "mn": "raw materials; ingredient", "fr": 20324}, {"w": "肥料", "rd": "ひりょう", "mn": "manure; fertilizer; fertiliser; compost", "fr": 22353}, {"w": "料亭", "rd": "りょうてい", "mn": "ryotei", "fr": 22891}, {"w": "授業料", "rd": "じゅぎょうりょう", "mn": "tuition fee; course fee", "fr": 24435}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 40, "rp": 62, "l": 11, "n": "料理 教科書"}}, {"k": "建", "g": 4, "o": 488, "f": 300, "j": null, "on": "ケン、コン", "kun": "た.てる、た.て、-だ.て、た.つ", "m": "build", "pm": "build", "r": [{"c": "聿", "nj": "ふでづくり", "ne": "writing brush"}, {"c": "廴", "nj": "えんにょう", "ne": "to move"}], "hc": "brush; stretch", "hk": "build", "hs": "To construct a <b>building</b> , you first draw a set of plans (the writing <i>brush</i> ) and then <i>s-t-r-e-t-c-h</i> your drawing out to scale in reality.", "ks": "To build a skyscraper, you have to stretch it upwards until it brushes the sky.", "v": [{"w": "建物", "rd": "たてもの", "mn": "building", "fr": 2052}, {"w": "建てる", "rd": "たてる", "mn": "to build; to construct", "fr": 4298}, {"w": "建設", "rd": "けんせつ", "mn": "construction; establishment", "fr": 6996}, {"w": "建つ", "rd": "たつ", "mn": "to be erected; to be built", "fr": 7609}, {"w": "建前", "rd": "たてまえ", "mn": "face; official stance; public position or attitude (as opposed to private though", "fr": 10799}, {"w": "建築", "rd": "けんちく", "mn": "construction; architecture (of buildings)", "fr": 11492}, {"w": "再建", "rd": "さいけん", "mn": "rebuilding; reconstruction; rehabilitation", "fr": 14751}, {"w": "建造物", "rd": "けんぞうぶつ", "mn": "structure; building", "fr": 15514}, {"w": "建造", "rd": "けんぞう", "mn": "building; construction", "fr": 20305}, {"w": "建設的", "rd": "けんせつてき", "mn": "constructive", "fr": 23592}, {"w": "建築物", "rd": "けんちくぶつ", "mn": "building; structure", "fr": 23989}, {"w": "二階建て", "rd": "にかいだて", "mn": "two-storied building", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一戸建て", "rd": "いっこだて", "mn": "detached house; stand-alone house; single-family home", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "円建て", "rd": "えんだて", "mn": "yen basis (for trade, exchange, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "土建屋", "rd": "どけんや", "mn": "general (civil engineering and construction) contractor", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 141, "rp": 49, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "付", "g": 4, "o": 489, "f": 322, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "つ.ける、-つ.ける、-づ.ける、つ.け、つ.け-、-つ.け、-づ.け、-づけ、つ.く、-づ.く、つ.き、-つ.き、-つき、-づ.き、-づき", "m": "adhere; attach; refer to; append", "pm": "adhere", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "person; glue", "hk": "adhere", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>glue</i>. The few cases in which this character serves as a primitive should include some connotation of  \" <b>adhering</b> to \" that distinguishes it from \" <i>glued to</i>. \" Two examples follow.", "ks": "If a PERSON ADHERE S to something, they stick to it like GLUE.", "v": [{"w": "気付く", "rd": "きづく", "mn": "to notice; to realize; to realise; to become aware (of); to perceive; to sense; ", "fr": 1143}, {"w": "付き合う", "rd": "つきあう", "mn": "to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go steady with; to g", "fr": 1323}, {"w": "付ける", "rd": "つける", "mn": "to attach; to join; to connect; to add; to append; to affix; to stick; to glue; ", "fr": 1468}, {"w": "片付ける", "rd": "かたづける", "mn": "to put in order; to tidy up; to clean up; to put away; to clear away", "fr": 2022}, {"w": "付く", "rd": "つく", "mn": "to be attached; to be connected with; to adhere; to stick; to cling", "fr": 2267}, {"w": "くっ付く", "rd": "くっつく", "mn": "to adhere to; to stick to; to cling to", "fr": 2613}, {"w": "付近", "rd": "ふきん", "mn": "neighborhood; neighbourhood; vicinity; environs; surrounding area; district", "fr": 3319}, {"w": "付き", "rd": "つき", "mn": "furnished with; including", "fr": 3363}, {"w": "気が付く", "rd": "きがつく", "mn": "to notice; to realize; to realise; to become aware (of); to perceive; to sense; ", "fr": 3526}, {"w": "付き合い", "rd": "つきあい", "mn": "association; socializing; socialising; fellowship", "fr": 3750}, {"w": "気を付ける", "rd": "きをつける", "mn": "to be careful; to pay attention; to take care", "fr": 3761}, {"w": "押し付ける", "rd": "おしつける", "mn": "to press against; to push against; to force against", "fr": 4015}, {"w": "付いてる", "rd": "ついてる", "mn": "to be lucky; to be in luck", "fr": 4803}, {"w": "名付ける", "rd": "なづける", "mn": "to name; to call; to christen; to term", "fr": 5385}, {"w": "受付", "rd": "うけつけ", "mn": "reception (desk); information desk; receptionist; information clerk", "fr": 5462}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 155, "rp": 26, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "説", "g": 4, "o": 490, "f": 326, "j": null, "on": "セツ、ゼイ", "kun": "と.く", "m": "opinion; theory; explanation; rumor", "pm": "opinion", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "兌", "nj": "ダ", "ne": "exchange"}], "hc": "rumor; say; words; keitai; mouth; devil; horns; elder brother; teenager; mouth; human legs", "hk": "explanation", "hs": "Not inappropriately, this character likens an  <b>explanation</b> to the <i>devil's</i> own <i>words</i>.", "ks": "The words of the devil incite rumours and false explanations.", "v": [{"w": "説明", "rd": "せつめい", "mn": "explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend", "fr": 533}, {"w": "説得", "rd": "せっとく", "mn": "persuasion", "fr": 2113}, {"w": "伝説", "rd": "でんせつ", "mn": "legend; folklore; tradition", "fr": 2387}, {"w": "説教", "rd": "せっきょう", "mn": "sermon; preaching; homily", "fr": 3250}, {"w": "小説", "rd": "しょうせつ", "mn": "novel; story; (work of) fiction", "fr": 3505}, {"w": "説得力", "rd": "せっとくりょく", "mn": "persuasiveness; powers of persuasion; cogency", "fr": 4929}, {"w": "説", "rd": "せつ", "mn": "theory; doctrine", "fr": 5004}, {"w": "解説", "rd": "かいせつ", "mn": "explanation; commentary; exposition; elucidation", "fr": 5171}, {"w": "仮説", "rd": "かせつ", "mn": "hypothesis; supposition; assumption; tentative theory", "fr": 9229}, {"w": "演説", "rd": "えんぜつ", "mn": "speech; address", "fr": 10468}, {"w": "説く", "rd": "とく", "mn": "to explain; to preach; to advocate", "fr": 10520}, {"w": "小説家", "rd": "しょうせつか", "mn": "novelist; fiction writer", "fr": 14217}, {"w": "力説", "rd": "りきせつ", "mn": "emphasizing (a point, argument, etc.); stressing; insistence; arguing strongly (", "fr": 18591}, {"w": "説明書", "rd": "せつめいしょ", "mn": "(printed) instructions; manual; explanatory leaflet (pamphlet, note); descriptio", "fr": 23607}, {"w": "学説", "rd": "がくせつ", "mn": "theory", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 1052, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "夫", "g": 4, "o": 491, "f": 335, "j": null, "on": "フ、フウ、ブ", "kun": "おっと、それ", "m": "husband; man", "pm": "husband", "r": [{"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}], "hc": "one; large", "hk": "husband", "hs": "The kanji for <i>a</i> <b>husband</b> or  \"head of the family\" is based on the kanji for <i>large</i> and an extra line near the top for the  \"head.\" Recall the kanji for <i>heavens</i>  already learned back in frame 457, and be sure to keep your story for this kanji different.", "ks": "Homer Simpson, as a primitive.", "v": [{"w": "大丈夫", "rd": "だいじょうぶ", "mn": "safe; secure; sound; problem-free; without fear; all right; alright; OK; okay", "fr": 106}, {"w": "夫", "rd": "おっと", "mn": "husband", "fr": 2145}, {"w": "夫婦", "rd": "ふうふ", "mn": "married couple; husband and wife; man and wife", "fr": 2278}, {"w": "丈夫", "rd": "じょうぶ", "mn": "healthy; robust; strong; solid; durable", "fr": 6088}, {"w": "工夫", "rd": "くふう", "mn": "devising (a way); contriving; inventing; thinking up; figuring out; coming up wi", "fr": 6221}, {"w": "夫人", "rd": "ふじん", "mn": "wife; Mrs; Madam", "fr": 11460}, {"w": "夫妻", "rd": "ふさい", "mn": "husband and wife; married couple", "fr": 14073}, {"w": "亡夫", "rd": "ぼうふ", "mn": "deceased husband; late husband", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "義太夫", "rd": "ぎだゆう", "mn": "gidayū (type of reciting used in the puppet theater)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "老夫婦", "rd": "ろうふうふ", "mn": "old couple; elderly couple", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 67, "rp": 55, "l": 9, "n": ""}}, {"k": "井", "g": 4, "o": 492, "f": 339, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ショウ", "kun": "い", "m": "well; well crib; town; community", "pm": "well", "r": [{"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}, {"c": "廾", "nj": "にじゅうあし", "ne": "folded hands"}], "hc": "", "hk": "well", "hs": "Recalling that there are no circular strokes, and that the shape of the square and the square within a square (Frame 630) have already been used, it should be relatively easy to see how this character can be consider a pictograph of a <b>well</b>.", "ks": "This is a picto of the grate over top of the well at 大阪城 , so no one falls in.", "v": [{"w": "天井", "rd": "てんじょう", "mn": "ceiling", "fr": 2962}, {"w": "井戸", "rd": "いど", "mn": "water well", "fr": 12001}, {"w": "油井", "rd": "ゆせい", "mn": "oil well", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "筒井", "rd": "つつい", "mn": "round well", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "害", "g": 4, "o": 493, "f": 358, "j": null, "on": "ガイ", "kun": "", "m": "harm; injury", "pm": "harm", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "龶", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "mansion; house; grow up; mouth", "hk": "harm", "hs": "House . . . grow up . . . mouth.", "ks": "This is silly, but.. If a house suddenly grows up from your mouth, you will come to great harm.", "v": [{"w": "被害", "rd": "ひがい", "mn": "(suffering) damage; injury; harm", "fr": 2552}, {"w": "被害者", "rd": "ひがいしゃ", "mn": "victim; injured party; sufferer", "fr": 2571}, {"w": "殺害", "rd": "さつがい", "mn": "killing; murder", "fr": 5096}, {"w": "障害", "rd": "しょうがい", "mn": "obstacle; impediment; hindrance; barrier; difficulty", "fr": 5203}, {"w": "妨害", "rd": "ぼうがい", "mn": "obstruction; hindrance; blocking; disturbance; interference; interruption; sabot", "fr": 5427}, {"w": "害", "rd": "がい", "mn": "injury; harm; evil influence; damage", "fr": 7820}, {"w": "害する", "rd": "がいする", "mn": "to injure; to damage; to harm; to hurt", "fr": 11214}, {"w": "災害", "rd": "さいがい", "mn": "calamity; disaster; misfortune", "fr": 11512}, {"w": "損害", "rd": "そんがい", "mn": "damage; injury; loss", "fr": 13609}, {"w": "危害", "rd": "きがい", "mn": "injury; harm; danger", "fr": 13777}, {"w": "利害", "rd": "りがい", "mn": "advantages and disadvantages; interests (of parties)", "fr": 14236}, {"w": "無害", "rd": "むがい", "mn": "harmless", "fr": 14344}, {"w": "加害者", "rd": "かがいしゃ", "mn": "perpetrator; wrong-doer; aggressor; assailant; offender; at-fault party (e.g. in", "fr": 14408}, {"w": "阻害", "rd": "そがい", "mn": "obstruction; impediment; hindrance; inhibition; blocking; check", "fr": 16527}, {"w": "侵害", "rd": "しんがい", "mn": "infringement; violation; invasion; encroachment; trespass", "fr": 16861}], "p": null}, {"k": "副", "g": 4, "o": 494, "f": 360, "j": null, "on": "フク", "kun": "", "m": "vice-; assistant; aide; duplicate; copy", "pm": "vice-", "r": [{"c": "畐", "nj": "フク", "ne": "to fill"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "wealth; one; ceiling; mouth; rice field; brains; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "vice-", "hs": "The key word <b>vice</b> has the sense of someone second-in-command. The great and flashing <i>saber</i> to the right (its usual location, so you need not worry about where to put it from now on) and the <i>wealth</i> on the left combine to create an image of dividing one's property to give a share to one's <b>vice</b> - <i>wealth</i> holder.", "ks": "Vice- president Cheney: a wealthy saber rattler.", "v": [{"w": "副", "rd": "ふく", "mn": "assistant; associate; vice-; sub-; deputy; substitute; auxiliary; supplementary;", "fr": 6481}, {"w": "副作用", "rd": "ふくさよう", "mn": "side effect; adverse reaction", "fr": 12780}, {"w": "副業", "rd": "ふくぎょう", "mn": "side job; sideline; subsidiary business", "fr": 24840}, {"w": "副詞", "rd": "ふくし", "mn": "adverb", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "副反応", "rd": "ふくはんのう", "mn": "side effect (of a vaccine)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "副産物", "rd": "ふくさんぶつ", "mn": "by-product", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "副知事", "rd": "ふくちじ", "mn": "vice-governor; deputy governor; lieutenant governor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "副社長", "rd": "ふくしゃちょう", "mn": "executive vice-president", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "副葬品", "rd": "ふくそうひん", "mn": "grave goods; burial accessories", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "副賞", "rd": "ふくしょう", "mn": "supplementary prize; additional prize; auxiliary prize; bonus prize", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "副題", "rd": "ふくだい", "mn": "subtitle; subheading", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 80, "rp": 9, "l": 1, "n": "福田 fukuda"}}, {"k": "席", "g": 4, "o": 495, "f": 370, "j": null, "on": "セキ", "kun": "むしろ", "m": "seat; mat; occasion; place", "pm": "seat", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "廿", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "twenty"}, {"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}], "hc": "caverns; cave; twenty; towel", "hk": "seat", "hs": "Caverns . . . towel.", "ks": "Remember those poor commoners huddled in groups of 20 in a cave? The only thing they had for a <b>seat</b> was some old toweling (while their lords could recline on luxurious couches).", "v": [{"w": "席", "rd": "せき", "mn": "seat", "fr": 1140}, {"w": "出席", "rd": "しゅっせき", "mn": "attendance; presence; appearance", "fr": 5343}, {"w": "欠席", "rd": "けっせき", "mn": "absence; non-attendance", "fr": 9393}, {"w": "同席", "rd": "どうせき", "mn": "being present (at the same meeting, occasion, etc.); attendance (with); sitting ", "fr": 9928}, {"w": "座席", "rd": "ざせき", "mn": "seat (esp. in public places or places with assigned seating); seating", "fr": 10461}, {"w": "客席", "rd": "きゃくせき", "mn": "guest seating (e.g. theater, stadium); passenger seat (e.g. taxi)", "fr": 12775}, {"w": "着席", "rd": "ちゃくせき", "mn": "taking a seat; sitting down (in one's seat)", "fr": 14115}, {"w": "即席", "rd": "そくせき", "mn": "impromptu; improvised; extempore; ad-lib; off-the-cuff", "fr": 15557}, {"w": "空席", "rd": "くうせき", "mn": "empty seat; unoccupied seat", "fr": 17802}, {"w": "満席", "rd": "まんせき", "mn": "full house; all seats occupied; fully occupied", "fr": 22710}, {"w": "首席", "rd": "しゅせき", "mn": "head; chief", "fr": 24028}, {"w": "主席", "rd": "しゅせき", "mn": "head; chief", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "出席者", "rd": "しゅっせきしゃ", "mn": "attendee; participant; person present", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宴席", "rd": "えんせき", "mn": "banquet; dinner party", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寄席", "rd": "よせ", "mn": "entertainment hall (for rakugo, manzai, magic, music, etc.); vaudeville theater ", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 8, "rp": 43, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "残", "g": 4, "o": 496, "f": 380, "j": null, "on": "ザン、サン", "kun": "のこ.る、のこ.す、そこな.う、のこ.り", "m": "remainder; leftover; balance", "pm": "remainder", "r": [{"c": "歹", "nj": "がつ", "ne": "death & dying"}, {"c": "戋", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "bones; one; ceiling; evening; float", "hk": "remainder", "hs": "<i>Bones</i> . . . (parade) <i>float</i>.", "ks": "The <b>remainder</b> of the bones have been thrown from the float (for the dogs maybe, at the end of the parade).", "v": [{"w": "残る", "rd": "のこる", "mn": "to remain; to be left", "fr": 352}, {"w": "残す", "rd": "のこす", "mn": "to leave (behind)", "fr": 563}, {"w": "残念", "rd": "ざんねん", "mn": "regrettable; unfortunate; disappointing; vexing", "fr": 647}, {"w": "残り", "rd": "のこり", "mn": "remainder; remnant; the rest; what is left; balance; leftovers", "fr": 1193}, {"w": "生き残る", "rd": "いきのこる", "mn": "to survive", "fr": 2632}, {"w": "残酷", "rd": "ざんこく", "mn": "cruel; brutal; ruthless; merciless; inhuman", "fr": 3564}, {"w": "取り残す", "rd": "とりのこす", "mn": "to leave behind", "fr": 6210}, {"w": "残らず", "rd": "のこらず", "mn": "all; entirely; completely; without exception", "fr": 7403}, {"w": "名残惜しい", "rd": "なごりおしい", "mn": "reluctant (to part)", "fr": 7822}, {"w": "残業", "rd": "ざんぎょう", "mn": "overtime (work)", "fr": 9206}, {"w": "生き残り", "rd": "いきのこり", "mn": "survival", "fr": 9259}, {"w": "無残", "rd": "むざん", "mn": "cruel; merciless; atrocious; ruthless; cold-blooded", "fr": 9943}, {"w": "名残", "rd": "なごり", "mn": "remains; traces; vestiges; relics", "fr": 10668}, {"w": "残虐", "rd": "ざんぎゃく", "mn": "cruel; brutal; savage; barbarous", "fr": 16531}, {"w": "残忍", "rd": "ざんにん", "mn": "brutal; cruel; merciless; ruthless; cold-blooded", "fr": 18903}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 91, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "念", "g": 4, "o": 497, "f": 390, "j": null, "on": "ネン", "kun": "", "m": "wish; sense; idea; thought; feeling; desire; attention", "pm": "wish", "r": [{"c": "今", "nj": "コン", "ne": "now"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "now; clock; heart", "hk": "wish", "hs": "Clock . . . heart.", "ks": "A wish is something that your heart desires right now.", "v": [{"w": "残念", "rd": "ざんねん", "mn": "regrettable; unfortunate; disappointing; vexing", "fr": 647}, {"w": "念のため", "rd": "ねんのため", "mn": "just to make sure; just to be sure; for confirmation", "fr": 2658}, {"w": "記念", "rd": "きねん", "mn": "commemoration; celebration; remembrance; memory; honoring the memory of", "fr": 3304}, {"w": "観念", "rd": "かんねん", "mn": "idea; notion; concept; conception", "fr": 4720}, {"w": "念", "rd": "ねん", "mn": "sense; idea; thought; feeling", "fr": 5553}, {"w": "専念", "rd": "せんねん", "mn": "absorption; giving undivided attention; devoting oneself (to)", "fr": 5797}, {"w": "信念", "rd": "しんねん", "mn": "belief; faith; conviction", "fr": 6105}, {"w": "概念", "rd": "がいねん", "mn": "general idea; concept; notion", "fr": 6231}, {"w": "無念", "rd": "むねん", "mn": "regret; chagrin; mortification", "fr": 6571}, {"w": "懸念", "rd": "けねん", "mn": "worry; fear; anxiety; concern", "fr": 7750}, {"w": "念入り", "rd": "ねんいり", "mn": "careful; scrupulous; thorough; conscientious; elaborate; deliberate; attentive", "fr": 8598}, {"w": "執念", "rd": "しゅうねん", "mn": "tenacity; persistence; obsession; implacability", "fr": 9051}, {"w": "念願", "rd": "ねんがん", "mn": "one's heart's desire; one's dearest wish", "fr": 9517}, {"w": "疑念", "rd": "ぎねん", "mn": "doubt; suspicion; misgivings; scruples", "fr": 9614}, {"w": "丹念", "rd": "たんねん", "mn": "painstaking; careful; meticulous; scrupulous; detailed; elaborate", "fr": 12707}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 133, "rp": 34, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "試", "g": 4, "o": 498, "f": 392, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "こころ.みる、ため.す", "m": "test; try; attempt; experiment; ordeal", "pm": "test", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "式", "nj": "シキ", "ne": "style"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; style; arrow; craft", "hk": "test", "hs": "When a manufacturer produces a new <i>style</i> for the market, the first thing that is done is to run a <b>test</b> on consumers, asking them to <i>speak</i> their opinions frankly about the product. Never mind the anachronism (the kanji was there well before our capitalistic market system) if it helps you remember.", "ks": "The Japanese oral exam was a test of my speaking style.", "v": [{"w": "試す", "rd": "ためす", "mn": "to try (out); to have a try (at); to test; to put to the test", "fr": 1204}, {"w": "試合", "rd": "しあい", "mn": "match; game; bout; contest", "fr": 3067}, {"w": "試験", "rd": "しけん", "mn": "examination; exam; test", "fr": 3252}, {"w": "試みる", "rd": "こころみる", "mn": "to try; to attempt; to have a go (at)", "fr": 5030}, {"w": "試練", "rd": "しれん", "mn": "test; trial; ordeal; tribulation", "fr": 5543}, {"w": "試し", "rd": "ためし", "mn": "trial; test; try", "fr": 6866}, {"w": "試行錯誤", "rd": "しこうさくご", "mn": "trial and error", "fr": 13146}, {"w": "試み", "rd": "こころみ", "mn": "attempt; trial; experiment", "fr": 13626}, {"w": "試食", "rd": "ししょく", "mn": "sampling food; tasting; trying", "fr": 14572}, {"w": "試着", "rd": "しちゃく", "mn": "trying on clothes", "fr": 15201}, {"w": "試作", "rd": "しさく", "mn": "trial manufacture; experiment; test piece; prototype", "fr": 18387}, {"w": "入試", "rd": "にゅうし", "mn": "entrance examination", "fr": 20498}, {"w": "お試しあれ", "rd": "おためしあれ", "mn": "give it a try!", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "入学試験", "rd": "にゅうがくしけん", "mn": "entrance examination", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "力試し", "rd": "ちからだめし", "mn": "test of one's strength; test of one's ability", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 51, "rp": 66, "l": 12, "n": "試す 確かめる"}}, {"k": "労", "g": 4, "o": 499, "f": 398, "j": null, "on": "ロウ", "kun": "ろう.する、いたわ.る、いた.ずき、ねぎら、つか.れる、ねぎら.う", "m": "labor; thank for; reward for; toil; trouble", "pm": "labor", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "schoolhouse; owl; crown; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "labor", "hs": "Schoolhouse . . . power.", "ks": "Hard labor is like a schoolhouse for your muscles.", "v": [{"w": "苦労", "rd": "くろう", "mn": "trouble; hardship; difficulty; labour; labor; toil; pains", "fr": 1133}, {"w": "ご苦労さま", "rd": "ごくろうさま", "mn": "thank you (for your hard work); I appreciate your efforts", "fr": 4167}, {"w": "疲労", "rd": "ひろう", "mn": "fatigue; weariness; exhaustion; tiredness", "fr": 5158}, {"w": "労働", "rd": "ろうどう", "mn": "labor; labour; work", "fr": 8728}, {"w": "ご苦労様", "rd": "ごくろうさま", "mn": "thank you (for your hard work); I appreciate your efforts", "fr": 10200}, {"w": "労力", "rd": "ろうりょく", "mn": "labour; labor; effort; toil; trouble", "fr": 11623}, {"w": "心労", "rd": "しんろう", "mn": "anxiety; worry; fear", "fr": 16385}, {"w": "過労", "rd": "かろう", "mn": "overwork; strain", "fr": 19845}, {"w": "労働者", "rd": "ろうどうしゃ", "mn": "worker", "fr": 19988}, {"w": "労", "rd": "ろう", "mn": "labor; labour; toil; trouble; pains; work; effort; striving", "fr": 21494}, {"w": "労る", "rd": "いたわる", "mn": "to pity; to sympathize with; to sympathise with; to treat with sympathy; to cons", "fr": 22035}, {"w": "勤労", "rd": "きんろう", "mn": "labor; labour; exertion; diligent service", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "功労", "rd": "こうろう", "mn": "meritorious deed; services", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "労作", "rd": "ろうさく", "mn": "toil; labor; labour; laborious task", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "労使", "rd": "ろうし", "mn": "labour and management; labor and management", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 94, "rp": 39, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "例", "g": 4, "o": 500, "f": 399, "j": null, "on": "レイ", "kun": "たと.える", "m": "example; custom; usage; precedent", "pm": "example", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "列", "nj": "レツ", "ne": "file"}], "hc": "person; file; bones; one; ceiling; evening; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "example", "hs": "Person . . . file.", "ks": "Mr T shows the <b>example</b> to the kids, and stays in the file (at supermarket, …). “I pity da foo who does not follow my <b>example</b> !”.", "v": [{"w": "例えば", "rd": "たとえば", "mn": "for example; for instance; e.g.", "fr": 1249}, {"w": "例", "rd": "れい", "mn": "example; instance; illustration; case", "fr": 3706}, {"w": "例外", "rd": "れいがい", "mn": "exception", "fr": 4047}, {"w": "例え", "rd": "たとえ", "mn": "example", "fr": 6344}, {"w": "例える", "rd": "たとえる", "mn": "to compare (something) to; to liken; to speak figuratively; to use a simile; to ", "fr": 10388}, {"w": "恒例", "rd": "こうれい", "mn": "established practice; custom", "fr": 10735}, {"w": "前例", "rd": "ぜんれい", "mn": "precedent", "fr": 12744}, {"w": "比例", "rd": "ひれい", "mn": "proportion", "fr": 12865}, {"w": "事例", "rd": "じれい", "mn": "example; precedent; case", "fr": 14245}, {"w": "例年", "rd": "れいねん", "mn": "average (normal, ordinary) year", "fr": 16090}, {"w": "異例", "rd": "いれい", "mn": "exceptional; unusual; extraordinary; unprecedented; singular", "fr": 16550}, {"w": "特例", "rd": "とくれい", "mn": "special case; exception", "fr": 17547}, {"w": "実例", "rd": "じつれい", "mn": "example; illustration; precedent", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "慣例", "rd": "かんれい", "mn": "custom; practice; convention; precedent", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一例", "rd": "いちれい", "mn": "example; an instance", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 56, "rp": 58, "l": 10, "n": "例 列"}}, {"k": "然", "g": 4, "o": 501, "f": 401, "j": null, "on": "ゼン、ネン", "kun": "しか、しか.り、しか.し、さ", "m": "sort of thing; so; if so; in that case; well", "pm": "sort of thing", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "犬", "nj": "いぬ", "ne": "dog"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "moon; crescent moon; month; flesh; part of the body; chihuahua; dog; large; drop; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "sort of thing", "hs": "The key word in this frame refers to a suffix that gives the word before it an adjectival quality, hence we refer to it as \" <b>sort of thing</b>. \" Reverting to the time when dog was more widely eaten than it is today (See frame 127), we see here a large cauldron boiling over an <i>oven flame</i> with the <i>flesh</i> of a <i>chihuahua</i> being thrown into the whole concoction to make it into a  \"hot- diggity, dog-diggity\" <b>sort of thing</b>.", "ks": "Putting the flesh of a dog on a fire is the sort of thing that will get you arrested.", "v": [{"w": "全然", "rd": "ぜんぜん", "mn": "(not) at all; (not) in the slightest", "fr": 321}, {"w": "当然", "rd": "とうぜん", "mn": "natural; right; proper; just; reasonable; appropriate; deserved", "fr": 603}, {"w": "突然", "rd": "とつぜん", "mn": "abrupt; sudden; unexpected", "fr": 609}, {"w": "偶然", "rd": "ぐうぜん", "mn": "coincidence; chance; accident; fortuity", "fr": 1054}, {"w": "自然", "rd": "しぜん", "mn": "nature", "fr": 1111}, {"w": "不自然", "rd": "ふしぜん", "mn": "unnatural; artificial; affected; strained", "fr": 3186}, {"w": "同然", "rd": "どうぜん", "mn": "just like; (virtually) no different from; (almost) the same as; as good as (e.g.", "fr": 3207}, {"w": "天然", "rd": "てんねん", "mn": "nature; spontaneity", "fr": 5284}, {"w": "漠然", "rd": "ばくぜん", "mn": "vague; obscure; indistinct; hazy; ambiguous", "fr": 7657}, {"w": "必然", "rd": "ひつぜん", "mn": "inevitable; necessary; certain; sure", "fr": 8150}, {"w": "断然", "rd": "だんぜん", "mn": "firmly; flatly; resolutely; decisively; absolutely; definitely", "fr": 9537}, {"w": "必然的", "rd": "ひつぜんてき", "mn": "inevitable; necessary", "fr": 10387}, {"w": "依然", "rd": "いぜん", "mn": "still; as yet; as it has been", "fr": 12205}, {"w": "依然として", "rd": "いぜんとして", "mn": "still; as yet; as of old", "fr": 12435}, {"w": "騒然", "rd": "そうぜん", "mn": "noisy; confused; uproarious", "fr": 17053}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 24, "rp": 45, "l": 9, "n": ""}}, {"k": "験", "g": 4, "o": 502, "f": 410, "j": null, "on": "ケン、ゲン", "kun": "あかし、しるし、ため.す、ためし", "m": "verification; effect; testing", "pm": "verification", "r": [{"c": "馬", "nj": "うま", "ne": "horse"}, {"c": "㑒", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "team of horses; awl; fit; meeting; umbrella; mouth; person", "hk": "verification", "hs": "Team of horses . . . awl.", "ks": "The verification proves the horse is real by poking it with an ice pick.", "v": [{"w": "経験", "rd": "けいけん", "mn": "experience", "fr": 1049}, {"w": "体験", "rd": "たいけん", "mn": "(practical) experience; personal experience; hands-on experience; first-hand exp", "fr": 2502}, {"w": "実験", "rd": "じっけん", "mn": "experiment; experimentation", "fr": 3228}, {"w": "試験", "rd": "しけん", "mn": "examination; exam; test", "fr": 3252}, {"w": "受験", "rd": "じゅけん", "mn": "taking an examination (esp. for entrance to a school or university)", "fr": 5062}, {"w": "経験者", "rd": "けいけんしゃ", "mn": "experienced person; person who has had a particular experience", "fr": 10476}, {"w": "経験値", "rd": "けいけんち", "mn": "amount of experience; experience level", "fr": 13613}, {"w": "入学試験", "rd": "にゅうがくしけん", "mn": "entrance examination", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国家試験", "rd": "こっかしけん", "mn": "state examination; national examination", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "実験室", "rd": "じっけんしつ", "mn": "laboratory", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核実験", "rd": "かくじっけん", "mn": "nuclear (bomb) test", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "模擬試験", "rd": "もぎしけん", "mn": "mock exam; practice exam; practice test", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "治験", "rd": "ちけん", "mn": "clinical trial", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "筆記試験", "rd": "ひっきしけん", "mn": "written examination", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "経験豊富", "rd": "けいけんほうふ", "mn": "experienced; well-versed", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 49, "l": 12, "n": "駐車所"}}, {"k": "伝", "g": 4, "o": 503, "f": 416, "j": null, "on": "デン、テン", "kun": "つた.わる、つた.える、つた.う、つだ.う、-づた.い、つて", "m": "transmit; go along; walk along; follow; report; communicate; legend; tradition", "pm": "transmit", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "云", "nj": "ウン", "ne": "say"}], "hc": "person; rising cloud; two; elbow; wall", "hk": "transmit", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>rising cloud</i>. Hint: the Amerindians' smoke signal scan help provide a good image for this kanji, whose key word is meant to include <b>transmissions</b> of all sorts.", "ks": "Haruhi transmit s her message to the aliens via smoke signals ( rising clouds of smoke).", "v": [{"w": "伝える", "rd": "つたえる", "mn": "to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart; to propag", "fr": 394}, {"w": "手伝う", "rd": "てつだう", "mn": "to help; to assist; to aid", "fr": 551}, {"w": "伝わる", "rd": "つたわる", "mn": "to spread (of a rumour, news, etc.); to travel; to circulate; to go around; to b", "fr": 1095}, {"w": "手伝い", "rd": "てつだい", "mn": "helper; assistant", "fr": 2383}, {"w": "伝説", "rd": "でんせつ", "mn": "legend; folklore; tradition", "fr": 2387}, {"w": "お手伝い", "rd": "おてつだい", "mn": "maid; helper", "fr": 2646}, {"w": "伝言", "rd": "でんごん", "mn": "(verbal) message; word (from someone)", "fr": 5428}, {"w": "宣伝", "rd": "せんでん", "mn": "publicity; advertisement; advertising; propaganda", "fr": 5526}, {"w": "伝う", "rd": "つたう", "mn": "to go along; to walk along; to follow", "fr": 5702}, {"w": "伝統", "rd": "でんとう", "mn": "tradition; convention", "fr": 6771}, {"w": "遺伝子", "rd": "いでんし", "mn": "gene", "fr": 9142}, {"w": "伝承", "rd": "でんしょう", "mn": "handing down (information); legend; tradition; folklore; transmission", "fr": 11445}, {"w": "伝達", "rd": "でんたつ", "mn": "transmission (e.g. news, chemical signals, electricity); communication; delivery", "fr": 11657}, {"w": "遺伝", "rd": "いでん", "mn": "heredity; (genetic) inheritance", "fr": 18123}, {"w": "伝染", "rd": "でんせん", "mn": "contagion; infection", "fr": 18137}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 951, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "働", "g": 4, "o": 504, "f": 417, "j": null, "on": "ドウ", "kun": "はたら.く", "m": "work; (kokuji)", "pm": "work", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "動", "nj": "ドウ", "ne": "move"}], "hc": "person; move; heavy; thousand; ri; computer; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "work", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>move</i>. Do not confuse with <i>labor</i> (Frame 924).", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> 's real line of <b>work</b> is for a <i>moving</i> company.", "v": [{"w": "働く", "rd": "はたらく", "mn": "to work; to labor; to labour", "fr": 542}, {"w": "働き", "rd": "はたらき", "mn": "work; labor; labour", "fr": 4188}, {"w": "働かせる", "rd": "はたらかせる", "mn": "to put someone to work; to make someone work", "fr": 6485}, {"w": "労働", "rd": "ろうどう", "mn": "labor; labour; work", "fr": 8728}, {"w": "稼働", "rd": "かどう", "mn": "operation (of a machine); running", "fr": 11861}, {"w": "働きかける", "rd": "はたらきかける", "mn": "to work on (someone); to appeal to; to make approaches to; to pressure; to exert", "fr": 14935}, {"w": "働き者", "rd": "はたらきもの", "mn": "hard worker; hardworking person", "fr": 18205}, {"w": "労働者", "rd": "ろうどうしゃ", "mn": "worker", "fr": 19988}, {"w": "共働き", "rd": "ともばたらき", "mn": "(husband and wife) both working; dual income", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "働き口", "rd": "はたらきぐち", "mn": "position; job; employment; opening", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "働き手", "rd": "はたらきて", "mn": "worker; breadwinner; supporter", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "働き盛り", "rd": "はたらきざかり", "mn": "prime of one's working life", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "労働党", "rd": "ろうどうとう", "mn": "Labour Party; Labor Party", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "労働力", "rd": "ろうどうりょく", "mn": "labor; labour; manpower; working force", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "労働基準法", "rd": "ろうどうきじゅんほう", "mn": "Labor Standards Act", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 183, "rp": 23, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "景", "g": 4, "o": 505, "f": 419, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "", "m": "scenery; view", "pm": "scenery", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "京", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "capital"}], "hc": "sun; day; capital; tall; top hat; mouth; small; little", "hk": "scenery", "hs": "<b>Scenery</b> is depicted as a <i>sun</i> rising over a <i>capital</i>  city, which is a bit of natural <b>scenery</b>  the city dwellers themselves rarely get to see!", "ks": "Imaging the sun rising over the capital–classic postcard <b>scenery</b>.", "v": [{"w": "景色", "rd": "けしき", "mn": "scenery; scene; landscape", "fr": 2077}, {"w": "光景", "rd": "こうけい", "mn": "scene; spectacle; sight; view", "fr": 2302}, {"w": "風景", "rd": "ふうけい", "mn": "scenery; scene; landscape; view; sight", "fr": 3818}, {"w": "背景", "rd": "はいけい", "mn": "background; scenery; backdrop; setting", "fr": 5532}, {"w": "景気", "rd": "けいき", "mn": "business conditions; the market; economic activity; economic climate", "fr": 11155}, {"w": "夜景", "rd": "やけい", "mn": "night view; night skyline; nightscape", "fr": 13462}, {"w": "景品", "rd": "けいひん", "mn": "gift; premium; freebie; giveaway; something additional; an extra", "fr": 15162}, {"w": "情景", "rd": "じょうけい", "mn": "spectacle; sight; scene", "fr": 15186}, {"w": "不景気", "rd": "ふけいき", "mn": "economic slump; hard times; depression; recession", "fr": 19371}, {"w": "景観", "rd": "けいかん", "mn": "scenery", "fr": 22217}, {"w": "好景気", "rd": "こうけいき", "mn": "good times; boom; (wave of) prosperity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "景勝", "rd": "けいしょう", "mn": "picturesque scenery; place of scenic beauty", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 3, "rp": 75, "l": 18, "n": ""}}, {"k": "好", "g": 4, "o": 506, "f": 423, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "この.む、す.く、よ.い、い.い", "m": "fond; pleasing; like something", "pm": "fond", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "子", "nj": "こ", "ne": "child"}], "hc": "woman; child", "hk": "fond", "hs": "The phrase \"to be <b>fond</b> of someone \" has a natural gentleness about it, and lends a tenderness to the sense of touching by giving us the related term \"to <b>fondle</b>. \" The character likens it to a <i>woman</i> <b>fondling</b> her <i>child</i>.", "ks": "Women are fond of children.", "v": [{"w": "好き", "rd": "すき", "mn": "liking; being fond of; to one's liking; to one's taste; preferred; favourite", "fr": 150}, {"w": "大好き", "rd": "だいすき", "mn": "liking very much; loving (something or someone); adoring; being very fond of", "fr": 653}, {"w": "格好", "rd": "かっこう", "mn": "shape; form; figure; posture; pose", "fr": 1039}, {"w": "好み", "rd": "このみ", "mn": "liking; taste; fancy; fondness", "fr": 2234}, {"w": "好む", "rd": "このむ", "mn": "to like; to prefer", "fr": 4341}, {"w": "好意", "rd": "こうい", "mn": "kindness; favor; favour; friendliness", "fr": 4683}, {"w": "好奇心", "rd": "こうきしん", "mn": "curiosity; inquisitiveness", "fr": 4780}, {"w": "絶好", "rd": "ぜっこう", "mn": "best; ideal; perfect", "fr": 5723}, {"w": "好都合", "rd": "こうつごう", "mn": "convenient; favorable; favourable; expedient; expedience", "fr": 6410}, {"w": "好物", "rd": "こうぶつ", "mn": "favourite dish (favorite); favourite food", "fr": 7242}, {"w": "好き嫌い", "rd": "すききらい", "mn": "likes and dislikes; tastes; preferences; pickiness (esp. about food); choosiness", "fr": 8456}, {"w": "良好", "rd": "りょうこう", "mn": "good; fine; excellent; favorable; favourable; satisfactory", "fr": 8571}, {"w": "好評", "rd": "こうひょう", "mn": "favorable reception; good reputation; popularity", "fr": 8790}, {"w": "絶好調", "rd": "ぜっこうちょう", "mn": "in perfect form; going swimmingly", "fr": 9677}, {"w": "好ましい", "rd": "このましい", "mn": "nice; likeable; desirable", "fr": 9988}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 879, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "辺", "g": 4, "o": 507, "f": 428, "j": null, "on": "ヘン", "kun": "あた.り、ほと.り、-べ", "m": "environs; boundary; border; vicinity", "pm": "environs", "r": [{"c": "刀", "nj": "かたな", "ne": "knife"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "dagger; sword; road", "hk": "environs", "hs": "To keep the <b>environs</b> clean and safe, you could cement <i>daggers</i>  in the <i>road</i> , blades pointed upwards, so that no polluting traffic could pass by. You could, if you were an ecologically-minded terrorist.", "ks": "To protect the environs around their village, samurai would travel the road s with their swords.", "v": [{"w": "辺り", "rd": "あたり", "mn": "(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity; nearby; surroundings", "fr": 1704}, {"w": "この辺", "rd": "このへん", "mn": "this area; around here", "fr": 1725}, {"w": "周辺", "rd": "しゅうへん", "mn": "circumference; outskirts; environs; around; in the area of; in the vicinity of", "fr": 2835}, {"w": "その辺", "rd": "そのへん", "mn": "around there; near there", "fr": 2983}, {"w": "辺", "rd": "へん", "mn": "area; vicinity; region", "fr": 6169}, {"w": "天辺", "rd": "てっぺん", "mn": "top; summit; apex; peak", "fr": 8054}, {"w": "近辺", "rd": "きんぺん", "mn": "neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity", "fr": 11725}, {"w": "どの辺", "rd": "どのへん", "mn": "whereabouts; what part", "fr": 13875}, {"w": "そこら辺", "rd": "そこらへん", "mn": "hereabouts; around there; that area", "fr": 13942}, {"w": "海辺", "rd": "うみべ", "mn": "beach; seashore; seaside; coast", "fr": 14041}, {"w": "浜辺", "rd": "はまべ", "mn": "beach; foreshore", "fr": 14855}, {"w": "辺境", "rd": "へんきょう", "mn": "remote region; outlying district; border district; frontier", "fr": 15248}, {"w": "底辺", "rd": "ていへん", "mn": "base (of a polygon)", "fr": 17590}, {"w": "身辺", "rd": "しんぺん", "mn": "one's person; around one's person", "fr": 18681}, {"w": "水辺", "rd": "みずべ", "mn": "water's edge; waterside; shore", "fr": 21807}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 113, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "英", "g": 4, "o": 508, "f": 430, "j": null, "on": "エイ", "kun": "はなぶさ", "m": "England; English; hero; outstanding; calyx", "pm": "England", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "央", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "center"}], "hc": "flowers; centre; center; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "England", "hs": "<i>Flowers</i> . . . <i>center</i>. This is another abbreviation used to identify a country by the pronunciation of the kanji.", "ks": "England was once the flowering center of civilization.", "v": [{"w": "英語", "rd": "えいご", "mn": "English (language)", "fr": 3285}, {"w": "英雄", "rd": "えいゆう", "mn": "hero; heroine; great person", "fr": 4794}, {"w": "英", "rd": "えい", "mn": "United Kingdom; Britain", "fr": 16460}, {"w": "英国", "rd": "えいこく", "mn": "United Kingdom; Britain; Great Britain", "fr": 20526}, {"w": "和英", "rd": "わえい", "mn": "Japanese-English", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "英和", "rd": "えいわ", "mn": "English-Japanese", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "英字", "rd": "えいじ", "mn": "English letter; alphabetic character", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "英文", "rd": "えいぶん", "mn": "English writing; English sentence; English text", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "俊英", "rd": "しゅんえい", "mn": "excellence; genius", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "石英", "rd": "せきえい", "mn": "quartz", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "育英", "rd": "いくえい", "mn": "education of gifted young people; providing financial support to gifted students", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "英会話", "rd": "えいかいわ", "mn": "English conversation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "英単語", "rd": "えいたんご", "mn": "English word", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "英数字", "rd": "えいすうじ", "mn": "alphanumeric character; letters (of the English alphabet) and numbers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "英文学", "rd": "えいぶんがく", "mn": "English(-language) literature", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 4, "rp": 72, "l": 12, "n": "英語 映画 漢字"}}, {"k": "低", "g": 4, "o": 509, "f": 435, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "ひく.い、ひく.める、ひく.まる", "m": "lower; short; humble", "pm": "lower", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "氏", "nj": "うじ", "ne": "family"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}], "hc": "person; calling card; family name; one; floor", "hk": "lower", "hs": "Person . . . calling card.", "ks": "A person bows low when presenting his business card.", "v": [{"w": "低い", "rd": "ひくい", "mn": "low (rank, degree, value, content, quality, etc.)", "fr": 1350}, {"w": "最低", "rd": "さいてい", "mn": "least; lowest; minimum", "fr": 1517}, {"w": "最低限", "rd": "さいていげん", "mn": "minimum", "fr": 5318}, {"w": "低下", "rd": "ていか", "mn": "fall; decline; lowering; deterioration; degradation", "fr": 6556}, {"w": "低める", "rd": "ひくめる", "mn": "to lower; to be lowered", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "低価格", "rd": "ていかかく", "mn": "low price", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "低利", "rd": "ていり", "mn": "low interest rate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "低地", "rd": "ていち", "mn": "depression; lowlands; low ground; bottom land; plain", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "低学年", "rd": "ていがくねん", "mn": "lower grades of primary school (first, second, and sometimes third grades)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "低料金", "rd": "ていりょうきん", "mn": "low rates", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "低気圧", "rd": "ていきあつ", "mn": "low (atmospheric) pressure; low-pressure system; depression; cyclone", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "低水準", "rd": "ていすいじゅん", "mn": "substandard; low-level", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "低減", "rd": "ていげん", "mn": "decrease; reduction; fall; depreciation; mitigation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "低温", "rd": "ていおん", "mn": "low temperature", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "低落", "rd": "ていらく", "mn": "fall; decline; slump", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 126, "rp": 75, "l": 12, "n": ""}}, {"k": "失", "g": 4, "o": 510, "f": 447, "j": null, "on": "シツ", "kun": "うしな.う、う.せる", "m": "lose; error; fault; disadvantage; loss", "pm": "lose", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "夫", "nj": "フ", "ne": "husband"}], "hc": "drop; husband", "hk": "lose", "hs": "\"To <b>lose</b> \" here takes the sense of \"misplace,\" not the sense of <i>defeat</i> , whose kanji we learned in frame 67. It pictures a <i>husband</i> with something falling from his side as he is walking along, something he <b>loses</b>.", "ks": "My husband is going to lose his hair, one drop at a time.", "v": [{"w": "失礼", "rd": "しつれい", "mn": "discourtesy; impoliteness", "fr": 506}, {"w": "失う", "rd": "うしなう", "mn": "to lose", "fr": 663}, {"w": "失敗", "rd": "しっぱい", "mn": "failure; mistake; blunder", "fr": 745}, {"w": "失礼します", "rd": "しつれいします", "mn": "excuse me; pardon me; I beg your pardon", "fr": 873}, {"w": "失礼しました", "rd": "しつれいしました", "mn": "my apologies; I'm sorry; excuse me", "fr": 2846}, {"w": "見失う", "rd": "みうしなう", "mn": "to lose sight of; to miss", "fr": 3047}, {"w": "失格", "rd": "しっかく", "mn": "disqualification; elimination; incapacity", "fr": 4435}, {"w": "失望", "rd": "しつぼう", "mn": "disappointment; despair", "fr": 5257}, {"w": "失態", "rd": "しったい", "mn": "blunder; fault; error; mistake; failure; disgrace", "fr": 7117}, {"w": "失踪", "rd": "しっそう", "mn": "disappearance; running away; going missing; absconding", "fr": 7395}, {"w": "失敬", "rd": "しっけい", "mn": "rudeness; impoliteness; disrespect; impertinence", "fr": 8358}, {"w": "失恋", "rd": "しつれん", "mn": "disappointed love; broken heart; unrequited love; being lovelorn", "fr": 8912}, {"w": "喪失", "rd": "そうしつ", "mn": "loss; forfeit", "fr": 10893}, {"w": "損失", "rd": "そんしつ", "mn": "loss (of assets, profit, etc.)", "fr": 11833}, {"w": "失神", "rd": "しっしん", "mn": "fainting; losing consciousness; passing out", "fr": 12294}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 161, "rp": 17, "l": 2, "n": "失う 星矢"}}, {"k": "差", "g": 4, "o": 511, "f": 449, "j": null, "on": "サ", "kun": "さ.す、さ.し", "m": "distinction; difference; variation; discrepancy; margin; balance", "pm": "distinction", "r": [{"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}, {"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}], "hc": "wool; sheep; craft", "hk": "distinction", "hs": "Wool . . . craft.", "ks": "The distinction between fine and common wool, is the craft smanship of the wool.", "v": [{"w": "差", "rd": "さ", "mn": "difference; variation", "fr": 1823}, {"w": "差し出す", "rd": "さしだす", "mn": "to hold out; to extend (e.g. a hand)", "fr": 2716}, {"w": "差す", "rd": "さす", "mn": "to shine", "fr": 5057}, {"w": "差し込む", "rd": "さしこむ", "mn": "to insert; to put in; to thrust in; to plug in", "fr": 5330}, {"w": "差し上げる", "rd": "さしあげる", "mn": "to lift up; to hold up; to raise", "fr": 6053}, {"w": "眼差し", "rd": "まなざし", "mn": "(a) look; gaze", "fr": 6103}, {"w": "人差し指", "rd": "ひとさしゆび", "mn": "index finger; forefinger; first (occ. second) finger", "fr": 6638}, {"w": "指差す", "rd": "ゆびさす", "mn": "to point at", "fr": 7570}, {"w": "日差し", "rd": "ひざし", "mn": "sunlight; rays of the Sun", "fr": 7672}, {"w": "差別", "rd": "さべつ", "mn": "distinction; differentiation; discrimination", "fr": 8654}, {"w": "大差", "rd": "たいさ", "mn": "great difference; big difference; wide margin", "fr": 10045}, {"w": "交差", "rd": "こうさ", "mn": "crossing; intersection", "fr": 10435}, {"w": "差し伸べる", "rd": "さしのべる", "mn": "to hold out; to extend (e.g. one's hands); to stretch; to reach out for", "fr": 12055}, {"w": "差出人", "rd": "さしだしにん", "mn": "sender (e.g. of mail)", "fr": 12093}, {"w": "交差点", "rd": "こうさてん", "mn": "crossing; intersection", "fr": 12682}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 133, "rp": 22, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "課", "g": 4, "o": 512, "f": 455, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "", "m": "chapter; lesson; section; department; division; counter for chapters (of a book)", "pm": "chapter", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "果", "nj": "カ", "ne": "fruit"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; fruit; rice field; brains; tree; wood", "hk": "chapter", "hs": "Words . . . fruit.", "ks": "The words of each chapter bear a different fruit.", "v": [{"w": "放課後", "rd": "ほうかご", "mn": "after school (at the end of the day)", "fr": 3760}, {"w": "課題", "rd": "かだい", "mn": "subject; theme; issue; matter", "fr": 4172}, {"w": "課", "rd": "か", "mn": "lesson", "fr": 6250}, {"w": "課長", "rd": "かちょう", "mn": "section manager; section chief", "fr": 8755}, {"w": "日課", "rd": "にっか", "mn": "daily routine; daily work; daily lesson", "fr": 9057}, {"w": "課する", "rd": "かする", "mn": "to impose (a tax, fine, etc.); to levy; to assign (a task, duty, etc.); to give;", "fr": 9920}, {"w": "課程", "rd": "かてい", "mn": "course; curriculum", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "課税", "rd": "かぜい", "mn": "taxation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "修士課程", "rd": "しゅうしかてい", "mn": "master's course", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "課員", "rd": "かいん", "mn": "section staff", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "課徴金", "rd": "かちょうきん", "mn": "charges (i.e. fees)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賦課", "rd": "ふか", "mn": "levy; imposition", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 34, "rp": 11, "l": 2, "n": "課題 果たして 結果"}}, {"k": "末", "g": 4, "o": 513, "f": 456, "j": null, "on": "マツ、バツ", "kun": "すえ、うら、うれ", "m": "end; close; tip; powder; posterity", "pm": "end", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "tree; wood; one", "hk": "extremity", "hs": "This character is best learned in connection with that of the previous frame. The first stroke shows a branch that is longer than the main branch, indicating that the tree has reached the <b>extremity</b> of its growth, so that its branches stop spreading and start drooping downwards. Be sure to keep this imagery in mind, to avoid confusing this key word with synonyms that will appear later.", "ks": "The tree's top branches have grown to extremities.", "v": [{"w": "始末", "rd": "しまつ", "mn": "management; dealing with; settlement; cleaning up; disposal", "fr": 2813}, {"w": "末", "rd": "すえ", "mn": "end; tip; top", "fr": 3879}, {"w": "結末", "rd": "けつまつ", "mn": "end; conclusion", "fr": 4577}, {"w": "週末", "rd": "しゅうまつ", "mn": "weekend", "fr": 5156}, {"w": "末に", "rd": "すえに", "mn": "finally; after; following", "fr": 7804}, {"w": "後始末", "rd": "あとしまつ", "mn": "settlement (of a matter); sorting out; winding up (affairs); dealing with the af", "fr": 8999}, {"w": "端末", "rd": "たんまつ", "mn": "terminal; computer terminal", "fr": 11569}, {"w": "年末", "rd": "ねんまつ", "mn": "end-of-year; year-end", "fr": 11871}, {"w": "粗末", "rd": "そまつ", "mn": "crude; rough; plain; humble; shabby; poor-quality; low-quality", "fr": 15379}, {"w": "末期", "rd": "まっき", "mn": "last years; closing years; last days; closing days; end; last stage; final stage", "fr": 15398}, {"w": "末端", "rd": "まったん", "mn": "end; tip; extremities; terminal", "fr": 16885}, {"w": "今週末", "rd": "こんしゅうまつ", "mn": "this weekend", "fr": 17489}, {"w": "不始末", "rd": "ふしまつ", "mn": "omission; failure; incompleteness", "fr": 18862}, {"w": "月末", "rd": "げつまつ", "mn": "end of the month", "fr": 21122}, {"w": "終末", "rd": "しゅうまつ", "mn": "end; close; conclusion; termination", "fr": 21345}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 169, "rp": 27, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "極", "g": 4, "o": 514, "f": 460, "j": null, "on": "キョク、ゴク", "kun": "きわ.める、きわ.まる、きわ.まり、きわ.み、き.める、-ぎ.め、き.まる", "m": "extreme; pole; extremely; very; highly; most; end; settlement; conclusion; highest rank", "pm": "extreme", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "亟", "nj": "キョク", "ne": "fast"}], "hc": "decay; tree; wood; snare; mouth; crotch; one; floor", "hk": "poles", "hs": "The <b>poles</b> this key word refers to are the extremities of the earth or the terminals of an electric field. The elements are: <i>tree</i> . . . <i>snare</i> . . . <i>mouth</i> . . . <i>crotch</i> . . . <i>floor</i>.", "ks": "Can simplify this using [decay](../v4/1243.html) (#1243 朽). Then: The expedition to the <b>poles</b> is bad for your health, and the <i>decay</i> that started in your <i>mouth</i> spreads to your <i>crotch</i> – at which point you fall to the <i>floor</i>.", "v": [{"w": "積極的", "rd": "せっきょくてき", "mn": "positive; assertive; active; proactive; aggressive", "fr": 3277}, {"w": "極めて", "rd": "きわめて", "mn": "exceedingly; extremely; decisively", "fr": 4497}, {"w": "見極める", "rd": "みきわめる", "mn": "to watch to the end", "fr": 4804}, {"w": "極端", "rd": "きょくたん", "mn": "extreme; extremity", "fr": 5063}, {"w": "究極", "rd": "きゅうきょく", "mn": "ultimate; final; last; eventual", "fr": 5275}, {"w": "極める", "rd": "きわめる", "mn": "to carry to extremes; to go to the end of something; to reach the limits of some", "fr": 5914}, {"w": "極力", "rd": "きょくりょく", "mn": "to the utmost; to the best of one's ability", "fr": 8524}, {"w": "極限", "rd": "きょくげん", "mn": "utmost limits; extremity", "fr": 9415}, {"w": "極上", "rd": "ごくじょう", "mn": "first-rate; finest quality; the best", "fr": 9689}, {"w": "極秘", "rd": "ごくひ", "mn": "absolute secrecy", "fr": 11001}, {"w": "極み", "rd": "きわみ", "mn": "height; acme; extremity; peak", "fr": 11228}, {"w": "極度", "rd": "きょくど", "mn": "maximum; extreme; utmost", "fr": 11911}, {"w": "極まる", "rd": "きわまる", "mn": "to reach an extreme; to reach a limit; to terminate; to come to an end", "fr": 14671}, {"w": "消極的", "rd": "しょうきょくてき", "mn": "negative; passive; half-hearted; unmotivated", "fr": 15025}, {"w": "極", "rd": "ごく", "mn": "quite; very", "fr": 17560}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 103, "rp": 24, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "種", "g": 4, "o": 515, "f": 461, "j": null, "on": "シュ", "kun": "たね、-ぐさ", "m": "species; kind; class; variety; seed", "pm": "species", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "重", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "heavy"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; heavy; thousand; ri; computer", "hk": "species", "hs": "Wheat . . . heavy.", "ks": "The heavy wheat is a special type or species of wheat used to fatten livestock.", "v": [{"w": "種類", "rd": "しゅるい", "mn": "variety; kind; type; category", "fr": 2117}, {"w": "種", "rd": "たね", "mn": "seed (e.g. of a plant); pip; kernel; stone (e.g. of a peach)", "fr": 3439}, {"w": "一種", "rd": "いっしゅ", "mn": "a kind; a sort; a variety; a species", "fr": 4125}, {"w": "種族", "rd": "しゅぞく", "mn": "race; tribe; ethnic group", "fr": 8630}, {"w": "人種", "rd": "じんしゅ", "mn": "race (of people)", "fr": 9194}, {"w": "各種", "rd": "かくしゅ", "mn": "every kind; all sorts", "fr": 11679}, {"w": "火種", "rd": "ひだね", "mn": "live coals (for firelighting)", "fr": 12878}, {"w": "機種", "rd": "きしゅ", "mn": "model (of machine, device)", "fr": 19737}, {"w": "種目", "rd": "しゅもく", "mn": "item; event", "fr": 20199}, {"w": "品種", "rd": "ひんしゅ", "mn": "type (of goods); sort", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "種々", "rd": "しゅじゅ", "mn": "various; a variety of; all kinds of; many; diverse", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "三種", "rd": "さんしゅ", "mn": "three kinds; three varieties", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "予防接種", "rd": "よぼうせっしゅ", "mn": "vaccination; inoculation; immunization; immunisation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "同種", "rd": "どうしゅ", "mn": "same kind; same sort; same species; same race; homogeneity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "接種", "rd": "せっしゅ", "mn": "inoculation; vaccination", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 7, "rp": 60, "l": 12, "n": "種 積もる"}}, {"k": "岡", "g": 4, "o": 516, "f": 463, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "おか", "m": "mount; hill; knoll", "pm": "mount", "r": [{"c": "冂", "nj": "けいがまえ", "ne": "to enclose"}, {"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}], "hc": "mount; glass canopy; hood; mountain goat; horns; mountain", "hk": "Mount", "hs": "Here we see a <i>mountain goat</i> \" <b>mounted</b> \" under a <i>glass canopy</i>. In this and the following frames, think of a particular <b>Mount</b> you know.", "ks": "White <b>mount</b> , Fuji <b>mount</b> , olympus <b>mount</b> whatever ….The choice is yours but wherever you go they sell those snowglobe souvenir : under a GLASS HOOD you can see the <b>mount</b> with a MOUTAIN GOAT standing on top of it …. So kitsch you just can't forget it .", "v": [{"w": "福岡", "rd": "ふくおか", "mn": "Fukuoka (city, prefecture)", "fr": 20734}, {"w": "静岡", "rd": "しずおか", "mn": "Shizuoka (city, prefecture)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "量", "g": 4, "o": 517, "f": 469, "j": null, "on": "リョウ", "kun": "はか.る", "m": "quantity; measure; weight; amount; consider; estimate; surmise", "pm": "quantity", "r": [{"c": "旦", "nj": "タン", "ne": "daybreak"}, {"c": "里", "nj": "さと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "nightbreak; sun; day; one; floor; computer", "hk": "quantity", "hs": "Think of <b>quantity</b> as having to do with measuring time and distance, and the rest is simple: you have a quantity of time in the new day that begins with <i>nightbreak</i> , and a quantity of distance in the rural <i>ri</i>.", "ks": "A quantity can be a measure of time or space (day/ri).", "v": [{"w": "量", "rd": "りょう", "mn": "quantity; amount; volume; capacity; portion (of food)", "fr": 1572}, {"w": "大量", "rd": "たいりょう", "mn": "large quantity; massive (quantity); mass (e.g. mass production, mass transit, ma", "fr": 1765}, {"w": "重量", "rd": "じゅうりょう", "mn": "weight", "fr": 10004}, {"w": "質量", "rd": "しつりょう", "mn": "mass", "fr": 12339}, {"w": "量産", "rd": "りょうさん", "mn": "mass production", "fr": 13662}, {"w": "力量", "rd": "りきりょう", "mn": "ability; capacity; capability; talent", "fr": 13744}, {"w": "音量", "rd": "おんりょう", "mn": "volume (sound)", "fr": 15157}, {"w": "少量", "rd": "しょうりょう", "mn": "small quantity; small amount", "fr": 15220}, {"w": "容量", "rd": "ようりょう", "mn": "capacity; volume", "fr": 16934}, {"w": "分量", "rd": "ぶんりょう", "mn": "amount; quantity", "fr": 17027}, {"w": "量る", "rd": "はかる", "mn": "to measure; to weigh; to survey; to time (sound, gauge, estimate)", "fr": 21021}, {"w": "多量", "rd": "たりょう", "mn": "large quantity; large amount", "fr": 22598}, {"w": "微量", "rd": "びりょう", "mn": "minuscule amount; extremely small quantity", "fr": 24158}, {"w": "測量", "rd": "そくりょう", "mn": "measurement; surveying", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "全量", "rd": "ぜんりょう", "mn": "the whole amount; entire amount; total amount; total quantity", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 53, "rp": 41, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "望", "g": 4, "o": 518, "f": 470, "j": null, "on": "ボウ、モウ", "kun": "のぞ.む、もち", "m": "ambition; full moon; hope; desire; aspire to; expect", "pm": "ambition", "r": [{"c": "亡", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "deceased"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}], "hc": "deceased; perish; top hat; fishhook; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "ambition", "hs": "The story of <b>ambition</b> talks of a <i>king</i> walking under the <i>perishing</i>  (or \"waning\") <i>moon</i> dreaming great dreams about his kingdom. (The roots of <b>ambition</b> are from the same word as  \"ambulate,\" meaning to walk about.)", "ks": "You're <i>dead meat</i> , buddy, my <b>ambition</b> is to be <i>king</i>.", "v": [{"w": "望む", "rd": "のぞむ", "mn": "to desire; to want; to wish for; to hope for", "fr": 906}, {"w": "希望", "rd": "きぼう", "mn": "hope; wish; aspiration", "fr": 1008}, {"w": "望み", "rd": "のぞみ", "mn": "wish; desire; hope", "fr": 2331}, {"w": "絶望", "rd": "ぜつぼう", "mn": "despair; hopelessness", "fr": 2384}, {"w": "欲望", "rd": "よくぼう", "mn": "desire; appetite; lust", "fr": 3591}, {"w": "失望", "rd": "しつぼう", "mn": "disappointment; despair", "fr": 5257}, {"w": "要望", "rd": "ようぼう", "mn": "demand for; request", "fr": 5727}, {"w": "願望", "rd": "がんぼう", "mn": "desire; wish; aspiration", "fr": 6328}, {"w": "野望", "rd": "やぼう", "mn": "ambition; aspiration", "fr": 8700}, {"w": "志望", "rd": "しぼう", "mn": "wish; desire; ambition; choice", "fr": 9438}, {"w": "待ち望む", "rd": "まちのぞむ", "mn": "to wait eagerly for; to look forward to", "fr": 10142}, {"w": "望ましい", "rd": "のぞましい", "mn": "desirable; hoped for; preferable; advisable", "fr": 14054}, {"w": "有望", "rd": "ゆうぼう", "mn": "promising; hopeful; full of promise", "fr": 15859}, {"w": "渇望", "rd": "かつぼう", "mn": "craving; longing; thirsting", "fr": 17135}, {"w": "展望", "rd": "てんぼう", "mn": "view; outlook; prospect", "fr": 19283}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 109, "rp": 28, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "松", "g": 4, "o": 519, "f": 471, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "まつ", "m": "pine tree", "pm": "pine tree", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "公", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "public"}], "hc": "tree; wood; public; eight; elbows", "hk": "pine tree", "hs": "Tree . . . public.", "ks": "The TREES in PUBLIC parks are usually pine tree s.", "v": [{"w": "松", "rd": "まつ", "mn": "pine tree (Pinus spp.)", "fr": 12441}, {"w": "松林", "rd": "まつばやし", "mn": "pine forest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浜松", "rd": "はままつ", "mn": "Hamamatsu (city)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "赤松", "rd": "あかまつ", "mn": "Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora); Japanese umbrella pine; tanyosho pine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "門松", "rd": "かどまつ", "mn": "New Year's pine decoration", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 154, "rp": 12, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "佐", "g": 4, "o": 520, "f": 474, "j": null, "on": "サ", "kun": "", "m": "assistant; help", "pm": "assistant", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "左", "nj": "サ", "ne": "left"}], "hc": "person; left; by one’s side; craft", "hk": "assistant", "hs": "Person . . . left.", "ks": "On your right is your \"right-hand man\" that you credit for all your success….on the left…… is your assistant who does all the grunt work and gets no credit for anything…", "v": [{"w": "補佐", "rd": "ほさ", "mn": "aid; help; assistance; assistant; counselor; counsellor; adviser; advisor", "fr": 12186}, {"w": "大佐", "rd": "たいさ", "mn": "colonel; (navy) captain", "fr": 22674}, {"w": "中佐", "rd": "ちゅうさ", "mn": "lieutenant colonel; commander (navy)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "少佐", "rd": "しょうさ", "mn": "major; lieutenant commander; wing commander", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "観", "g": 4, "o": 521, "f": 476, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "み.る、しめ.す", "m": "outlook; look; appearance; condition; view", "pm": "outlook", "r": [{"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}, {"c": "見", "nj": "みる", "ne": "to see"}], "hc": "pegasus; horse; pantomime horse; noon; sign of the horse; turkey; see; telescope; eye; human legs", "hk": "outlook", "hs": "Pegasus . . . see.", "ks": "Microsoft <b>Outlook</b> works about as well as a pegasus that can't see: they both crash all the time.", "v": [{"w": "観察", "rd": "かんさつ", "mn": "observation; survey; watching", "fr": 2911}, {"w": "観念", "rd": "かんねん", "mn": "idea; notion; concept; conception", "fr": 4720}, {"w": "観客", "rd": "かんきゃく", "mn": "spectator; audience", "fr": 5209}, {"w": "観る", "rd": "みる", "mn": "to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe", "fr": 5447}, {"w": "価値観", "rd": "かちかん", "mn": "sense of values; values; value system", "fr": 6050}, {"w": "観光", "rd": "かんこう", "mn": "sightseeing; tourism", "fr": 7109}, {"w": "客観的", "rd": "きゃっかんてき", "mn": "objective", "fr": 7263}, {"w": "観測", "rd": "かんそく", "mn": "observation; survey; measurement", "fr": 9619}, {"w": "観光客", "rd": "かんこうきゃく", "mn": "tourist", "fr": 11343}, {"w": "外観", "rd": "がいかん", "mn": "outward appearance; exterior appearance; outward show; looks", "fr": 12097}, {"w": "観点", "rd": "かんてん", "mn": "point of view; viewpoint; standpoint; perspective; angle", "fr": 13672}, {"w": "世界観", "rd": "せかいかん", "mn": "worldview; outlook on the world; Weltanschauung", "fr": 13839}, {"w": "観戦", "rd": "かんせん", "mn": "watching a (sports) game; spectating; observing (military operations)", "fr": 13920}, {"w": "先入観", "rd": "せんにゅうかん", "mn": "preconception; preconceived notion; prejudice", "fr": 14799}, {"w": "楽観的", "rd": "らっかんてき", "mn": "optimistic; hopeful", "fr": 14958}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 78, "rp": 61, "l": 10, "n": ""}}, {"k": "察", "g": 4, "o": 522, "f": 477, "j": null, "on": "サツ", "kun": "", "m": "guess; presume; surmise; judge; understand", "pm": "guess", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "祭", "nj": "サイ", "ne": "ritual"}], "hc": "house; ritual; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; crotch; altar; show; two; small", "hk": "guess", "hs": "\" <b>Guess</b> \" here has the sense of a measured conjecture. Its elements: <i>house</i> . . . <i>ritual</i>.", "ks": "I have an informed <b>guess</b> about whose <i>house</i> the dark <i>rituals</i> are performet at.", "v": [{"w": "警察", "rd": "けいさつ", "mn": "police", "fr": 1149}, {"w": "観察", "rd": "かんさつ", "mn": "observation; survey; watching", "fr": 2911}, {"w": "察する", "rd": "さっする", "mn": "to guess; to sense; to presume; to judge", "fr": 3102}, {"w": "察知", "rd": "さっち", "mn": "to sense; to infer; to gather; to pick up on; to get wind of; to perceive", "fr": 6180}, {"w": "警察官", "rd": "けいさつかん", "mn": "police officer; policeman; policewoman", "fr": 7493}, {"w": "偵察", "rd": "ていさつ", "mn": "scouting; reconnaissance", "fr": 8581}, {"w": "診察", "rd": "しんさつ", "mn": "medical examination; checkup; consultation", "fr": 9665}, {"w": "視察", "rd": "しさつ", "mn": "inspection; observation", "fr": 9925}, {"w": "考察", "rd": "こうさつ", "mn": "consideration; inquiry; enquiry; investigation; study", "fr": 13755}, {"w": "警察署", "rd": "けいさつしょ", "mn": "police station", "fr": 14124}, {"w": "検察", "rd": "けんさつ", "mn": "criminal investigation; prosecution", "fr": 24012}, {"w": "査察", "rd": "ささつ", "mn": "inspection (for compliance); investigation (tax, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "検察官", "rd": "けんさつかん", "mn": "public prosecutor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "検察庁", "rd": "けんさつちょう", "mn": "Public Prosecutors Office", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "洞察", "rd": "どうさつ", "mn": "discernment; insight", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 82, "rp": 60, "l": 10, "n": ""}}, {"k": "票", "g": 4, "o": 523, "f": 489, "j": null, "on": "ヒョウ", "kun": "", "m": "ballot; label; ticket; sign", "pm": "ballot", "r": [{"c": "覀", "nj": "にし", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "示", "nj": "しめす", "ne": "altar"}], "hc": "old west; altar; show; two; small", "hk": "ballot", "hs": "Old West . . . altar.", "ks": "In the West we show our opinion through the ballot box.", "v": [{"w": "投票", "rd": "とうひょう", "mn": "voting; ballot; poll; vote", "fr": 10964}, {"w": "票", "rd": "ひょう", "mn": "vote; ballot", "fr": 11958}, {"w": "伝票", "rd": "でんぴょう", "mn": "chit; slip; ticket; voucher", "fr": 19343}, {"w": "一票", "rd": "いっぴょう", "mn": "one vote; one ballot", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "不在者投票", "rd": "ふざいしゃとうひょう", "mn": "absentee ballot; absentee voting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "住民票", "rd": "じゅうみんひょう", "mn": "certificate of residence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国民投票", "rd": "こくみんとうひょう", "mn": "national referendum", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "得票", "rd": "とくひょう", "mn": "number of votes polled; poll votes", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "投票所", "rd": "とうひょうしょ", "mn": "polling place; polling station", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "投票箱", "rd": "とうひょうばこ", "mn": "ballot box", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "決選投票", "rd": "けっせんとうひょう", "mn": "final vote; run-off ballot", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浮動票", "rd": "ふどうひょう", "mn": "swing vote", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "無投票", "rd": "むとうひょう", "mn": "without a vote", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "票田", "rd": "ひょうでん", "mn": "(reliable) source of votes; area of strong electoral support; stronghold; (voter", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "開票", "rd": "かいひょう", "mn": "counting ballots; tally (of votes)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "達", "g": 4, "o": 524, "f": 500, "j": null, "on": "タツ、ダ", "kun": "-たち", "m": "accomplished; reach; arrive; attain", "pm": "accomplished", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; sheep; road", "hk": "accomplished", "hs": "The key word is meant to connote someone \"skilled\" at something. On the <i>road</i> we find <i>soil</i> OVER <i>a sheep</i>. You may have to work with this one a while longer.", "ks": "The dirty sheep had come far down this road and had accomplished many things.", "v": [{"w": "友達", "rd": "ともだち", "mn": "friend; companion", "fr": 502}, {"w": "達", "rd": "たち", "mn": "pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)", "fr": 2399}, {"w": "達する", "rd": "たっする", "mn": "to reach; to get to; to arrive at", "fr": 3120}, {"w": "達成", "rd": "たっせい", "mn": "achievement; attainment; accomplishment; realization", "fr": 3799}, {"w": "私達", "rd": "わたしたち", "mn": "we; us", "fr": 4294}, {"w": "到達", "rd": "とうたつ", "mn": "reaching; attaining; arrival", "fr": 4545}, {"w": "人達", "rd": "ひとたち", "mn": "people", "fr": 5018}, {"w": "調達", "rd": "ちょうたつ", "mn": "supply; provision; raising; procurement", "fr": 6028}, {"w": "上達", "rd": "じょうたつ", "mn": "improvement (e.g. in skill, ability); advance; progress", "fr": 7497}, {"w": "達者", "rd": "たっしゃ", "mn": "in good health; healthy; well; fit; robust; strong", "fr": 7933}, {"w": "達人", "rd": "たつじん", "mn": "master; expert", "fr": 9155}, {"w": "配達", "rd": "はいたつ", "mn": "delivery", "fr": 9473}, {"w": "発達", "rd": "はったつ", "mn": "development; growth", "fr": 9506}, {"w": "伊達", "rd": "だて", "mn": "elegance; dandyism; sophistication; having style", "fr": 10690}, {"w": "子供達", "rd": "こどもたち", "mn": "children; kids", "fr": 10971}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 17, "rp": 35, "l": 5, "n": "違います 遅い"}}, {"k": "良", "g": 4, "o": 525, "f": 501, "j": null, "on": "リョウ", "kun": "よ.い、-よ.い、い.い、-い.い", "m": "good; pleasing; skilled", "pm": "good", "r": [{"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}], "hc": "drop; silver", "hk": "good", "hs": "Drop of . . . silver.", "ks": "With a <i>drop</i> of <i>silver</i> , the forces of <b>good</b> can vanquish the werewolves.", "v": [{"w": "奈良", "rd": "なら", "mn": "Nara (city, prefecture)", "fr": 54}, {"w": "良い", "rd": "よい", "mn": "good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable", "fr": 852}, {"w": "仲良く", "rd": "なかよく", "mn": "on good terms (with); on friendly terms (with); (getting along) well; in harmony", "fr": 1433}, {"w": "仲良し", "rd": "なかよし", "mn": "close friendship; close friend; good friend; bosom buddy; chum; pal", "fr": 4523}, {"w": "不良", "rd": "ふりょう", "mn": "bad; poor; inferior; defective", "fr": 5085}, {"w": "良く", "rd": "よく", "mn": "nicely; properly; well; skillfully; skilfully", "fr": 6729}, {"w": "方が良い", "rd": "ほうがいい", "mn": "had better ...", "fr": 8028}, {"w": "良好", "rd": "りょうこう", "mn": "good; fine; excellent; favorable; favourable; satisfactory", "fr": 8571}, {"w": "良かったら", "rd": "よかったら", "mn": "if you like", "fr": 9446}, {"w": "改良", "rd": "かいりょう", "mn": "improvement; reform", "fr": 10024}, {"w": "良心", "rd": "りょうしん", "mn": "conscience", "fr": 10186}, {"w": "気持ち良い", "rd": "きもちいい", "mn": "pleasant (of a sensation); comfortable; nice", "fr": 10276}, {"w": "良", "rd": "りょう", "mn": "good (quality, condition, etc.)", "fr": 10934}, {"w": "善良", "rd": "ぜんりょう", "mn": "good (person, nature, etc.); good-natured; virtuous; honest", "fr": 11700}, {"w": "最良", "rd": "さいりょう", "mn": "the best; ideal", "fr": 13034}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 389, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "阪", "g": 4, "o": 526, "f": 503, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "さか", "m": "heights; slope", "pm": "heights", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "反", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "anti-"}], "hc": "heights; pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; anti-; demonstration; cliff; crotch", "hk": "Heights", "hs": "This character is used for proper names, much as the English word \" <b>Heights</b> \" is. Its primitives: <i>pinnacle</i> . . . <i>anti-</i>.", "ks": "People are being displaced in 大阪 to make room for a new development, Osaka Heights , the pinnacle of modern Japanese housing. An angry mob of protestors are outside with Anti- Osaka Heights signs.", "v": [{"w": "大阪", "rd": "おおさか", "mn": "Osaka (city, prefecture)", "fr": 6847}, {"w": "京阪", "rd": "けいはん", "mn": "Kyoto and Osaka; Kyoto-Osaka area", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "阪神", "rd": "はんしん", "mn": "Osaka-Kobe", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "候", "g": 4, "o": 527, "f": 510, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "そうろう", "m": "climate; season; weather; wait for; expect", "pm": "climate", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}, {"c": "矢", "nj": "や", "ne": "arrow"}], "hc": "marquis; person; stick; fred astaire; key; dart; drop; heavens", "hk": "climate", "hs": "<i>Marquis</i> . . . <i>walking stick</i>. Note where the <i>walking stick</i> is positioned in this kanji.", "ks": "In his old age ( walking stick ) Marquis T becomes Al Gore's climate control nemisis.", "v": [{"w": "候補", "rd": "こうほ", "mn": "candidate; contender; prospect; pick; choice; list", "fr": 3543}, {"w": "立候補", "rd": "りっこうほ", "mn": "candidacy; standing as a candidate; bidding (to host an event, e.g. the Olympics", "fr": 10768}, {"w": "居候", "rd": "いそうろう", "mn": "lodger who pays nothing for room and board; freeloader; sponger", "fr": 11209}, {"w": "兆候", "rd": "ちょうこう", "mn": "sign; indication; omen; symptom", "fr": 11609}, {"w": "天候", "rd": "てんこう", "mn": "weather", "fr": 11627}, {"w": "気候", "rd": "きこう", "mn": "climate", "fr": 14689}, {"w": "候補者", "rd": "こうほしゃ", "mn": "candidate; applicant", "fr": 17921}, {"w": "悪天候", "rd": "あくてんこう", "mn": "bad weather", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "測候所", "rd": "そっこうじょ", "mn": "weather measurement station", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "症候", "rd": "しょうこう", "mn": "symptom", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "症候群", "rd": "しょうこうぐん", "mn": "syndrome", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "満", "g": 4, "o": 528, "f": 515, "j": null, "on": "マン、バン", "kun": "み.ちる、み.つ、み.たす", "m": "full; fullness; enough; satisfy", "pm": "full", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "両", "nj": "リョウ", "ne": "both"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; flowers; both; street; nail; spike; belt; shovel", "hk": "full", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>flowers</i> . . . <i>both</i>. Given the abstract nature of this last primitive, you may want to borrow the image from the previous frame.", "ks": "Add <i>water</i> THEN the <i>flowers</i>. With <i>both</i> the vase will be <b>full</b>.", "v": [{"w": "満足", "rd": "まんぞく", "mn": "satisfaction; contentment; gratification", "fr": 1341}, {"w": "不満", "rd": "ふまん", "mn": "dissatisfaction; discontent; displeasure; complaint; unhappiness", "fr": 1908}, {"w": "満たす", "rd": "みたす", "mn": "to satisfy (conditions, one's appetite, etc.); to meet (e.g. demands); to fulfil", "fr": 2392}, {"w": "満ちる", "rd": "みちる", "mn": "to fill; to become full (of); to be filled (with); to brim (with)", "fr": 2543}, {"w": "満喫", "rd": "まんきつ", "mn": "having one's fill (of food or drink); eating (drinking) to one's heart's content", "fr": 7698}, {"w": "充満", "rd": "じゅうまん", "mn": "being filled with; being full of; permeation", "fr": 9287}, {"w": "満点", "rd": "まんてん", "mn": "perfect score; full marks", "fr": 9372}, {"w": "満々", "rd": "まんまん", "mn": "full of; brimming with", "fr": 10583}, {"w": "満月", "rd": "まんげつ", "mn": "full moon", "fr": 10751}, {"w": "満載", "rd": "まんさい", "mn": "full load; being fully loaded (with); being loaded to capacity (with); carrying ", "fr": 12465}, {"w": "満足感", "rd": "まんぞくかん", "mn": "feeling of satisfaction", "fr": 13851}, {"w": "豊満", "rd": "ほうまん", "mn": "stout; corpulent; plump; voluptuous", "fr": 13918}, {"w": "未満", "rd": "みまん", "mn": "less than; under; below", "fr": 14861}, {"w": "満腹", "rd": "まんぷく", "mn": "full stomach; filling one's stomach; eating one's fill", "fr": 15158}, {"w": "満面", "rd": "まんめん", "mn": "the whole face", "fr": 15712}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 126, "rp": 36, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "敗", "g": 4, "o": 529, "f": 516, "j": null, "on": "ハイ", "kun": "やぶ.れる", "m": "failure; defeat; reversal", "pm": "failure", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; taskmaster", "hk": "failure", "hs": "The <i>taskmaster</i> is acknowledging the <b>failure</b> of a <i>clam</i> to make the grade in some marine school or other.", "ks": "If you end up in <b>failure</b> , you give money to the taskmaster to train you.", "v": [{"w": "失敗", "rd": "しっぱい", "mn": "failure; mistake; blunder", "fr": 745}, {"w": "敗北", "rd": "はいぼく", "mn": "defeat; loss; reverse; setback", "fr": 4839}, {"w": "敗れる", "rd": "やぶれる", "mn": "to be defeated; to be beaten; to be unsuccessful; to lose", "fr": 7321}, {"w": "勝敗", "rd": "しょうはい", "mn": "victory or defeat; outcome (of a game, battle, etc.)", "fr": 8157}, {"w": "完敗", "rd": "かんぱい", "mn": "(suffering a) complete defeat; utter defeat; annihilation", "fr": 12692}, {"w": "敗者", "rd": "はいしゃ", "mn": "loser; defeated person; the defeated", "fr": 12839}, {"w": "腐敗", "rd": "ふはい", "mn": "decomposition; putrefaction; putrescence; spoilage", "fr": 13974}, {"w": "敗因", "rd": "はいいん", "mn": "cause of defeat", "fr": 21192}, {"w": "惨敗", "rd": "ざんぱい", "mn": "ignominious defeat; crushing failure; utterly beaten; overwhelming defeat", "fr": 21937}, {"w": "敗退", "rd": "はいたい", "mn": "being defeated; being eliminated (from competition)", "fr": 22209}, {"w": "敗戦", "rd": "はいせん", "mn": "defeat; lost battle; losing a war", "fr": 22385}, {"w": "一敗", "rd": "いっぱい", "mn": "one defeat", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "大敗", "rd": "たいはい", "mn": "crushing defeat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "失敗談", "rd": "しっぱいだん", "mn": "failure story; horror story", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "惜敗", "rd": "せきはい", "mn": "regrettable defeat; defeat by a narrow margin", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 90, "l": 15, "n": "敗ぶれる 散歩 放す"}}, {"k": "管", "g": 4, "o": 530, "f": 517, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "くだ", "m": "pipe; tube; wind instrument; drunken talk; control; jurisdiction", "pm": "pipe", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "官", "nj": "カン", "ne": "bureaucrat"}], "hc": "bamboo; bureaucrat; house; maestro without baton", "hk": "pipe", "hs": "Bamboo . . . bureaucrat.", "ks": "Japanese <i>bureaucrats</i> send all their messages through an inter-office <i>bamboo</i> <b>pipe</b> system.", "v": [{"w": "管理", "rd": "かんり", "mn": "control; management (e.g. of a business)", "fr": 2147}, {"w": "保管", "rd": "ほかん", "mn": "charge; custody; safekeeping; deposit; storage", "fr": 5176}, {"w": "血管", "rd": "けっかん", "mn": "blood vessel; vein", "fr": 7450}, {"w": "管理人", "rd": "かんりにん", "mn": "administrator; janitor; manager; concierge; caretaker; superintendent; superviso", "fr": 10555}, {"w": "管轄", "rd": "かんかつ", "mn": "jurisdiction; control", "fr": 12837}, {"w": "管", "rd": "かん", "mn": "pipe; tube", "fr": 13261}, {"w": "管理者", "rd": "かんりしゃ", "mn": "manager; administrator; landlord; warden; superintendent; supervisor; custodian", "fr": 17017}, {"w": "ブラウン管", "rd": "ブラウンかん", "mn": "cathode-ray tube; CRT; Braun tube", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "主管", "rd": "しゅかん", "mn": "supervision; management; supervisor; manager", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "入国管理局", "rd": "にゅうこくかんりきょく", "mn": "Immigration Bureau; Immigration Office", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "卵管", "rd": "らんかん", "mn": "fallopian tube; oviduct", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "所管", "rd": "しょかん", "mn": "jurisdiction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "気管", "rd": "きかん", "mn": "trachea; windpipe", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "気管支", "rd": "きかんし", "mn": "bronchus; bronchial tube", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "移管", "rd": "いかん", "mn": "transfer of control", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 9, "rp": 20, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "兵", "g": 4, "o": 531, "f": 522, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ、ヒョウ", "kun": "つわもの", "m": "soldier; private; troops; army; warfare; strategy; tactics", "pm": "soldier", "r": [{"c": "丘", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}], "hc": "hill; axe; one; floor; animal legs; eight", "hk": "soldier", "hs": "Hill . . . animal legs.", "ks": "Army ant soldiers climb up a hill with their mighty animal \"insect\" legs to battle the grasshoppers.", "v": [{"w": "兵", "rd": "へい", "mn": "(common) soldier; rank and file", "fr": 4840}, {"w": "兵士", "rd": "へいし", "mn": "soldier", "fr": 5229}, {"w": "兵器", "rd": "へいき", "mn": "arms; weapon; ordnance", "fr": 5641}, {"w": "兵隊", "rd": "へいたい", "mn": "armed forces; military; troops", "fr": 9779}, {"w": "兵力", "rd": "へいりょく", "mn": "military force; force of arms; strength of an army", "fr": 17329}, {"w": "伏兵", "rd": "ふくへい", "mn": "ambush; troops in ambush", "fr": 22965}, {"w": "歩兵", "rd": "ほへい", "mn": "infantry; infantryman; foot soldier", "fr": 24849}, {"w": "兵員", "rd": "へいいん", "mn": "military strength; military personnel", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "兵役", "rd": "へいえき", "mn": "military service; conscription", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "兵糧", "rd": "ひょうろう", "mn": "(army) provisions; food", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "兵舎", "rd": "へいしゃ", "mn": "barracks", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "化学兵器", "rd": "かがくへいき", "mn": "chemical weapon", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "将兵", "rd": "しょうへい", "mn": "officers and men", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "工兵", "rd": "こうへい", "mn": "combat engineer; military engineer; combat engineering; military engineering", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "徴兵", "rd": "ちょうへい", "mn": "conscription; (military) draft; (compulsory) enlistment", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 13, "rp": 25, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "器", "g": 4, "o": 532, "f": 525, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "うつわ", "m": "utensil; vessel; receptacle; implement; instrument; ability; container; tool; set", "pm": "utensil", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}], "hc": "mouth; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "utensil", "hs": "The picture in this kanji is not a pleasant one. It shows a large and fluffy <i>St. Bernard dog</i> stretched out on a table all stuffed and stewed and garnished with vegetables, its paws in the air and an apple in its mouth. At each corner of the table sits an eager but empty <i>mouth</i> , waiting for the <b>utensils</b> to arrive so the feast can begin.", "ks": "Imagine four hungry <i>mouths</i> all sitting around the table. They are all banging their <b>utensils</b> on the table waiting for a <i>big</i> meal to be placed in the centre.", "v": [{"w": "武器", "rd": "ぶき", "mn": "weapon; arms; ordnance", "fr": 1663}, {"w": "器", "rd": "うつわ", "mn": "bowl; vessel; container", "fr": 3480}, {"w": "器用", "rd": "きよう", "mn": "skillful; skilful; adroit; dexterous; dextrous; deft; nimble; handy", "fr": 3593}, {"w": "不器用", "rd": "ぶきよう", "mn": "clumsy; awkward; unskillful", "fr": 4239}, {"w": "兵器", "rd": "へいき", "mn": "arms; weapon; ordnance", "fr": 5641}, {"w": "食器", "rd": "しょっき", "mn": "tableware", "fr": 6002}, {"w": "凶器", "rd": "きょうき", "mn": "dangerous weapon; lethal weapon; deadly weapon; murder weapon", "fr": 7086}, {"w": "楽器", "rd": "がっき", "mn": "musical instrument", "fr": 8267}, {"w": "容器", "rd": "ようき", "mn": "container; receptacle; vessel; packaging", "fr": 10685}, {"w": "器具", "rd": "きぐ", "mn": "utensil; implement; tool; instrument; appliance; apparatus", "fr": 11698}, {"w": "受話器", "rd": "じゅわき", "mn": "(telephone) receiver", "fr": 13030}, {"w": "機器", "rd": "きき", "mn": "device; equipment; machinery; apparatus", "fr": 13520}, {"w": "器官", "rd": "きかん", "mn": "organ", "fr": 14477}, {"w": "臓器", "rd": "ぞうき", "mn": "internal organs; viscera", "fr": 15995}, {"w": "陶器", "rd": "とうき", "mn": "pottery; earthenware; ceramics; (soft-paste) porcelain; china", "fr": 17126}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 127, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "崎", "g": 4, "o": 533, "f": 533, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "さき、さい、みさき", "m": "promontory; cape; spit", "pm": "promontory", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "奇", "nj": "キ", "ne": "strange"}], "hc": "mountain; strange; large; St. Bernard; can; street; nail; spike; mouth", "hk": "promontory", "hs": "<i>Mountain</i> . . . <i>strange</i>. Hint: you might save yourself the trouble of a story here simply by recalling the kanji for <i>cape</i> (Frame 164) and toying around with the differing images suggested by the key words <b>promontory</b> and <i>cape</i>.", "ks": "Pro mount ory. A strange word, indeed.", "v": [{"w": "長崎", "rd": "ながさき", "mn": "Nagasaki (city, prefecture)", "fr": 24304}, {"w": "崎", "rd": "さき", "mn": "small peninsula; cape; promontory; headland", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "川崎", "rd": "かわさき", "mn": "Kawasaki (city)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "積", "g": 4, "o": 534, "f": 541, "j": null, "on": "セキ", "kun": "つ.む、-づ.み、つ.もる、つ.もり", "m": "volume; product (x*y); acreage; contents; pile up; stack; load; amass", "pm": "volume", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "責", "nj": "セキ", "ne": "blame"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; blame; grow up; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "volume", "hs": "<i>Wheat</i> . . . <i>blame</i>. This key word has to do with measurement, and should be kept distinct from the kanji for <i>quantity</i> (Frame 189) - even though the meanings are similar.", "ks": "The volume of the wheat crop is way down this year! Blame the weather!", "v": [{"w": "積む", "rd": "つむ", "mn": "to pile up; to stack", "fr": 2686}, {"w": "積極的", "rd": "せっきょくてき", "mn": "positive; assertive; active; proactive; aggressive", "fr": 3277}, {"w": "積もる", "rd": "つもる", "mn": "to pile up; to accumulate", "fr": 7120}, {"w": "積み重ねる", "rd": "つみかさねる", "mn": "to pile up; to accumulate", "fr": 7554}, {"w": "蓄積", "rd": "ちくせき", "mn": "accumulation; accumulate; store", "fr": 8678}, {"w": "面積", "rd": "めんせき", "mn": "area (measurement); square measure; size (of land); floor space", "fr": 10850}, {"w": "積み重ね", "rd": "つみかさね", "mn": "pile; accumulation", "fr": 11616}, {"w": "積み込む", "rd": "つみこむ", "mn": "to load (with goods, cargo); to put on board; to stow aboard", "fr": 22034}, {"w": "体積", "rd": "たいせき", "mn": "capacity; volume", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "容積", "rd": "ようせき", "mn": "capacity; volume", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "見積り", "rd": "みつもり", "mn": "estimate; estimation; valuation; quotation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "お見積もり", "rd": "おみつもり", "mn": "(price) quotation; quote", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "上積み", "rd": "うわづみ", "mn": "loading on top; piling on top; upper load; goods loaded on top; deck cargo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "作付面積", "rd": "さくづけめんせき", "mn": "planted area", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "堆積", "rd": "たいせき", "mn": "accumulation; pile; heap", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 13, "rp": 58, "l": 9, "n": "種 積"}}, {"k": "録", "g": 4, "o": 535, "f": 546, "j": null, "on": "ロク", "kun": "しる.す、と.る", "m": "record", "pm": "record", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "彔", "nj": "ロク", "ne": "to carve wood"}], "hc": "metal; gold; dustpan; broom; grains of rice", "hk": "record", "hs": "<i>Metal</i> . . . <i>broom</i> . . . <i>rice</i>. Note how the final stroke of the <i>broom</i> is extended slightly when an element below is attached directly to it.", "ks": "A monk won a <i>gold metal</i> for breaking the current <b>record</b> for most <i>swept rice</i> in one minute.", "v": [{"w": "記録", "rd": "きろく", "mn": "record; document; minutes; log; recording; putting on record; keeping a record (", "fr": 1799}, {"w": "登録", "rd": "とうろく", "mn": "registration; accession; register; entry; record; subscription", "fr": 4035}, {"w": "録音", "rd": "ろくおん", "mn": "(audio) recording", "fr": 7560}, {"w": "収録", "rd": "しゅうろく", "mn": "recording (in a book, the minutes, etc.); printing; including", "fr": 8744}, {"w": "録画", "rd": "ろくが", "mn": "(video) recording", "fr": 9440}, {"w": "付録", "rd": "ふろく", "mn": "appendix; supplement; annex; extra (of a newspaper or magazine)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "目録", "rd": "もくろく", "mn": "catalogue; catalog; inventory", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "回顧録", "rd": "かいころく", "mn": "memoirs; reminiscences", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抄録", "rd": "しょうろく", "mn": "quotation; abstract; selection; summary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "採録", "rd": "さいろく", "mn": "recording; transcription", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登録商標", "rd": "とうろくしょうひょう", "mn": "registered trademark", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登録番号", "rd": "とうろくばんごう", "mn": "registration number", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登録者", "rd": "とうろくしゃ", "mn": "registrant; subscriber; enrollee", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "記録的", "rd": "きろくてき", "mn": "record; record-setting; record-breaking", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "議事録", "rd": "ぎじろく", "mn": "record of proceedings; minutes", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 13, "l": 2, "n": "記録 緑"}}, {"k": "省", "g": 4, "o": 536, "f": 548, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ショウ", "kun": "かえり.みる、はぶ.く", "m": "government ministry; conserve; omit", "pm": "government ministry", "r": [{"c": "少", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "few"}, {"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}], "hc": "few; eye", "hk": "focus", "hs": "When we think of <b>focusing</b> on something, we usually take it in a metaphorical sense, though the literal sense is not far behind. It means to block out what is nonessential in order to fix our <i>eye</i> on a <i>few</i> important matters. The kanji suggests picking up a <i>few</i> things and holding them before one's <i>eye</i> in order to <b>focus</b> on them better.", "ks": "You <b>focus</b> by concentrating your <i>eye</i> on <i>few</i> er objects.", "v": [{"w": "反省", "rd": "はんせい", "mn": "reflection; reconsideration; introspection; meditation; contemplation", "fr": 2048}, {"w": "省く", "rd": "はぶく", "mn": "to omit; to leave out; to exclude; to eliminate", "fr": 10554}, {"w": "省略", "rd": "しょうりゃく", "mn": "omission; leaving out", "fr": 14387}, {"w": "帰省", "rd": "きせい", "mn": "homecoming; returning home", "fr": 17036}, {"w": "省みる", "rd": "かえりみる", "mn": "to reflect on (oneself, past conduct, etc.); to contemplate; to examine; to thin", "fr": 22811}, {"w": "三省", "rd": "さんせい", "mn": "frequent reflection; frequent meditation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "内省", "rd": "ないせい", "mn": "introspection; reflection on one's self", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "労働省", "rd": "ろうどうしょう", "mn": "Ministry of Labour (now Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厚生省", "rd": "こうせいしょう", "mn": "(former) Ministry of Health and Welfare", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "同省", "rd": "どうしょう", "mn": "the said ministry; the same ministry", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国務省", "rd": "こくむしょう", "mn": "Department of State (US); State Department", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "外務省", "rd": "がいむしょう", "mn": "Ministry of Foreign Affairs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大蔵省", "rd": "おおくらしょう", "mn": "Ministry of Finance (1869-2001)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "建設省", "rd": "けんせつしょう", "mn": "Ministry of Construction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "文部省", "rd": "もんぶしょう", "mn": "Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (1871-2001)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 21, "rp": 17, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "周", "g": 4, "o": 537, "f": 562, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "まわ.り", "m": "circumference; circuit; lap", "pm": "circumference", "r": [{"c": "冂", "nj": "けいがまえ", "ne": "to enclose"}, {"c": "吉", "nj": "キチ", "ne": "good luck"}], "hc": "glass hood; earthenware jar; lidded crock; soil; dirt; ground; mouth", "hk": "circumference", "hs": "Look more closely at your <i>lidded crock</i> and you will see little ruler marks along its bottom edge. This is so you can use it to calculate the <b>circumference</b> of your <i>motorcycle helmet</i> : just begin at a fixed point and turn the <i>lidded crock</i> around and around, keeping it flush against the side of the <i>helmet</i> , until you come back to your starting point. If you kept track of how many turns and part-turns your <i>lidded crock</i> made, you now know the <b>circumference</b>.", "ks": "If my LIDDED CROCK has the same <b>CIRCUMFERENCE</b> as my head, I like to use it as a HELMET.", "v": [{"w": "周り", "rd": "まわり", "mn": "circumference; girth", "fr": 736}, {"w": "周囲", "rd": "しゅうい", "mn": "surroundings; environs", "fr": 1797}, {"w": "周辺", "rd": "しゅうへん", "mn": "circumference; outskirts; environs; around; in the area of; in the vicinity of", "fr": 2835}, {"w": "一周", "rd": "いっしゅう", "mn": "one round; one circuit; one revolution; one lap; one turn", "fr": 10238}, {"w": "周到", "rd": "しゅうとう", "mn": "careful; thorough; meticulous; scrupulous", "fr": 14633}, {"w": "周年", "rd": "しゅうねん", "mn": "whole year; entire year", "fr": 14897}, {"w": "周知", "rd": "しゅうち", "mn": "common knowledge; being well-known; making (something) well-known", "fr": 22073}, {"w": "周期", "rd": "しゅうき", "mn": "cycle; period", "fr": 22357}, {"w": "円周", "rd": "えんしゅう", "mn": "circumference", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一周年", "rd": "いっしゅうねん", "mn": "one full year", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "半周", "rd": "はんしゅう", "mn": "semicircle; hemicycle; half globe", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "周波数", "rd": "しゅうはすう", "mn": "frequency (esp. of waveforms)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "周遊", "rd": "しゅうゆう", "mn": "(circular) tour; round trip; excursion", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 71, "rp": 38, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "材", "g": 4, "o": 538, "f": 565, "j": null, "on": "ザイ", "kun": "", "m": "lumber; log; timber; wood; materials; ingredients; talent", "pm": "lumber", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "才", "nj": "サイ", "ne": "genius"}], "hc": "tree; wood; genie", "hk": "lumber", "hs": "Tree . . . genie.", "ks": "A TREE GENIUS is a <b>LUMBER</b> jack. Duh.", "v": [{"w": "材料", "rd": "ざいりょう", "mn": "materials; ingredients", "fr": 2777}, {"w": "取材", "rd": "しゅざい", "mn": "gathering material (for an article, novel, etc.); collecting information; coveri", "fr": 3712}, {"w": "素材", "rd": "そざい", "mn": "ingredient; (raw) material; resource", "fr": 3937}, {"w": "食材", "rd": "しょくざい", "mn": "foodstuff; ingredient", "fr": 4399}, {"w": "人材", "rd": "じんざい", "mn": "capable person; talented person", "fr": 5678}, {"w": "機材", "rd": "きざい", "mn": "machinery and materials; equipment", "fr": 9870}, {"w": "木材", "rd": "もくざい", "mn": "lumber; timber; wood", "fr": 15914}, {"w": "題材", "rd": "だいざい", "mn": "subject; theme", "fr": 15935}, {"w": "資材", "rd": "しざい", "mn": "(raw) material", "fr": 16164}, {"w": "教材", "rd": "きょうざい", "mn": "teaching materials", "fr": 20454}, {"w": "材質", "rd": "ざいしつ", "mn": "material", "fr": 20683}, {"w": "材木", "rd": "ざいもく", "mn": "wood (for building); lumber; timber", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "原材料", "rd": "げんざいりょう", "mn": "raw materials; ingredients", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "器材", "rd": "きざい", "mn": "tools and materials; equipment and materials", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "廃材", "rd": "はいざい", "mn": "scrap wood; waste wood", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 134, "rp": 25, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "健", "g": 4, "o": 539, "f": 572, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "すこ.やか", "m": "healthy; health; strength; persistence", "pm": "healthy", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "建", "nj": "ケン", "ne": "build"}], "hc": "person; build; brush; stretch", "hk": "healthy", "hs": "Person . . . build.", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> in a public service announcement yells, \"I'm <b>healthy</b> because every day I <i>build</i> a food pyramid, foo!\".", "v": [{"w": "健康", "rd": "けんこう", "mn": "health", "fr": 3161}, {"w": "健全", "rd": "けんぜん", "mn": "healthy; sound; wholesome", "fr": 6955}, {"w": "健気", "rd": "けなげ", "mn": "admirable; commendable; praiseworthy; laudable; brave; heroic; noble; courageous", "fr": 8557}, {"w": "健在", "rd": "けんざい", "mn": "in good health; alive and well; going strong", "fr": 8966}, {"w": "健康的", "rd": "けんこうてき", "mn": "hygienic; healthy; healthful; sanitary", "fr": 10274}, {"w": "健やか", "rd": "すこやか", "mn": "vigorous; healthy; sound", "fr": 13579}, {"w": "健闘", "rd": "けんとう", "mn": "fighting bravely; strenuous efforts", "fr": 16760}, {"w": "保健", "rd": "ほけん", "mn": "preservation of health; hygiene; sanitation", "fr": 18805}, {"w": "不健康", "rd": "ふけんこう", "mn": "poor health; ill health; unhealthy", "fr": 21618}, {"w": "健康診断", "rd": "けんこうしんだん", "mn": "health checkup; (general) medical examination; physical examination", "fr": 21804}, {"w": "保健婦", "rd": "ほけんふ", "mn": "(female) public health nurse", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "保健所", "rd": "ほけんじょ", "mn": "health care center; health care centre", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "健保", "rd": "けんぽ", "mn": "health insurance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "健常者", "rd": "けんじょうしゃ", "mn": "person with no physical or mental disability; able-bodied person; non-disabled p", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "健康保険", "rd": "けんこうほけん", "mn": "health insurance", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 45, "rp": 14, "l": 2, "n": "鍵 健康"}}, {"k": "飛", "g": 4, "o": 540, "f": 580, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "と.ぶ、と.ばす、-と.ばす", "m": "fly; skip (pages); scatter", "pm": "fly", "r": [{"c": "升", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "measuring box"}], "hc": "hook; propeller; measuring box; thousand; needles", "hk": "fly", "hs": "The two <i>large hooks</i> have little propellers (the two <i>drops</i> on each <i>hook</i> ) attached to them for <b>flying</b>. Beneath is the <i>measuring box</i> , which serves as the body of this <b>flying</b> contraption. The stroke order will cause some problems, so take care with it.", "ks": "Captain hook fly ing in a measuring box with two propellers.", "v": [{"w": "飛ぶ", "rd": "とぶ", "mn": "to fly; to soar", "fr": 727}, {"w": "飛ばす", "rd": "とばす", "mn": "to let fly; to make fly; to send flying; to blow off (e.g. in the wind); to laun", "fr": 1435}, {"w": "飛び出す", "rd": "とびだす", "mn": "to jump out; to leap out; to fly out; to run out; to rush out; to bolt out", "fr": 1714}, {"w": "飛び込む", "rd": "とびこむ", "mn": "to jump in; to leap in; to plunge into; to dive", "fr": 2175}, {"w": "飛行機", "rd": "ひこうき", "mn": "airplane; aeroplane; plane; aircraft", "fr": 4595}, {"w": "飛び降りる", "rd": "とびおりる", "mn": "to jump down; to leap down; to jump off; to leap off", "fr": 4687}, {"w": "吹き飛ぶ", "rd": "ふきとぶ", "mn": "to be blown off; to blow off; to blow away", "fr": 5733}, {"w": "飛行", "rd": "ひこう", "mn": "flight; flying; aviation", "fr": 7850}, {"w": "飛び交う", "rd": "とびかう", "mn": "to fly about; to flutter about; to flit about; to fly past each other", "fr": 8846}, {"w": "飛び上がる", "rd": "とびあがる", "mn": "to jump up; to leap up; to spring up", "fr": 9383}, {"w": "飛び切り", "rd": "とびきり", "mn": "best; extra-fine; superfine; unequalled", "fr": 10299}, {"w": "飛躍", "rd": "ひやく", "mn": "leap; jump", "fr": 11511}, {"w": "飛び込み", "rd": "とびこみ", "mn": "jump; plunge; dive", "fr": 19730}, {"w": "飛行場", "rd": "ひこうじょう", "mn": "airfield; airport; aerodrome", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "宇宙飛行士", "rd": "うちゅうひこうし", "mn": "astronaut", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 151, "rp": 18, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "単", "g": 4, "o": 541, "f": 586, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "ひとえ", "m": "simple; one; single; merely", "pm": "simple", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "甲", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "armor"}], "hc": "owl; rice field; brains; ten; needle", "hk": "simple", "hs": "<i>Owl</i> . . . <i>brain</i> . . . <i>needle</i>. The sense is  \"not complex.\"", "ks": "Owls are smart…for this <i>owl</i> everything is <b>simple</b> coz his <i>brain</i> is <i>ten</i> times more powerful than mine.", "v": [{"w": "簡単", "rd": "かんたん", "mn": "simple; easy; uncomplicated", "fr": 413}, {"w": "単純", "rd": "たんじゅん", "mn": "simple; plain; uncomplicated; straightforward; simple-minded; naive", "fr": 1681}, {"w": "単なる", "rd": "たんなる", "mn": "mere; simple; sheer", "fr": 2904}, {"w": "単に", "rd": "たんに", "mn": "simply; merely; only; solely", "fr": 3174}, {"w": "単語", "rd": "たんご", "mn": "word; vocabulary", "fr": 5038}, {"w": "単位", "rd": "たんい", "mn": "unit (e.g. meters, grams, etc.); denomination", "fr": 5389}, {"w": "単独", "rd": "たんどく", "mn": "sole; single; solo", "fr": 9588}, {"w": "単調", "rd": "たんちょう", "mn": "monotony; monotone; dullness", "fr": 13540}, {"w": "単行本", "rd": "たんこうぼん", "mn": "standalone book (i.e. not part of an anthology, series, etc.); (book published a", "fr": 15127}, {"w": "単身", "rd": "たんしん", "mn": "alone; by oneself; unaccompanied; unaided; single-handed; without one's family", "fr": 15143}, {"w": "単", "rd": "たん", "mn": "single; simple", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "単一", "rd": "たんいつ", "mn": "single; simple; sole; individual; unitary", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "単数", "rd": "たんすう", "mn": "single; one", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "単価", "rd": "たんか", "mn": "unit price; unit cost", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "単産", "rd": "たんさん", "mn": "(single-industry) industrial union", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 157, "rp": 27, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "完", "g": 4, "o": 542, "f": 595, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "", "m": "perfect; completion; end", "pm": "perfect", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "元", "nj": "ゲン", "ne": "beginning"}], "hc": "house; beginning; two; human legs", "hk": "perfect", "hs": "In order not to confuse the key word <b>perfect</b> with others nearly synonymous in meaning, pull it apart to have a look at its native Latin roots. <i>Per- factum</i> suggests something so  \"thoroughly made or done\" that nothing more needs to be added to it. Now look at the kanji, which does something similar. We see a <i>house</i> that has been made <b>perfectly</b> from its <i>beginnings</i> in the foundation to the roof on the top. Now return to frame 101 and make sure not to confuse this key word with the kanji for <i>complete</i>.", "ks": "Their new house was the perfect place to begin a family.", "v": [{"w": "完全", "rd": "かんぜん", "mn": "perfect; complete", "fr": 601}, {"w": "完璧", "rd": "かんぺき", "mn": "perfect; complete; flawless", "fr": 1234}, {"w": "完成", "rd": "かんせい", "mn": "completion; perfection; accomplishment", "fr": 1405}, {"w": "完了", "rd": "かんりょう", "mn": "completion; conclusion", "fr": 2137}, {"w": "不完全", "rd": "ふかんぜん", "mn": "imperfect; incomplete; faulty; defective", "fr": 10584}, {"w": "完結", "rd": "かんけつ", "mn": "conclusion; completion", "fr": 11147}, {"w": "完治", "rd": "かんち", "mn": "complete recovery", "fr": 12297}, {"w": "完敗", "rd": "かんぱい", "mn": "(suffering a) complete defeat; utter defeat; annihilation", "fr": 12692}, {"w": "未完成", "rd": "みかんせい", "mn": "incomplete; unfinished; imperfect", "fr": 15517}, {"w": "完遂", "rd": "かんすい", "mn": "successful execution; accomplishment; completion; fulfillment; carrying through", "fr": 16716}, {"w": "完売", "rd": "かんばい", "mn": "selling out; being sold out", "fr": 23291}, {"w": "補完", "rd": "ほかん", "mn": "complementation; supplementation; completion", "fr": 24316}, {"w": "完全試合", "rd": "かんぜんじあい", "mn": "perfect game", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "完封", "rd": "かんぷう", "mn": "total blockage; complete shutdown; stopping completely", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "完工", "rd": "かんこう", "mn": "completion of construction work; completion of a building", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 65, "rp": 41, "l": 5, "n": "売る"}}, {"k": "隊", "g": 4, "o": 543, "f": 605, "j": null, "on": "タイ", "kun": "", "m": "regiment; party; company; squad", "pm": "regiment", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "豕", "nj": "いのこ", "ne": "pig"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; animal horns; sow; pig; wart hog; regimental mascot", "hk": "regiment", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . animal horns . . . sow.", "ks": "Every <b>regiment</b> of <i>The Pinnacle</i> 's army is lead by a <i>Miss Piggy</i> with a <i>viking</i> helmet on.", "v": [{"w": "部隊", "rd": "ぶたい", "mn": "force; unit; corps; squad; troops; party", "fr": 4473}, {"w": "隊長", "rd": "たいちょう", "mn": "commanding officer", "fr": 5851}, {"w": "軍隊", "rd": "ぐんたい", "mn": "armed forces; military; troops", "fr": 8192}, {"w": "兵隊", "rd": "へいたい", "mn": "armed forces; military; troops", "fr": 9779}, {"w": "隊員", "rd": "たいいん", "mn": "troops; group members; team members; SDF officials", "fr": 11491}, {"w": "艦隊", "rd": "かんたい", "mn": "(naval) fleet; armada", "fr": 20717}, {"w": "本隊", "rd": "ほんたい", "mn": "main body (of troops); main force", "fr": 20844}, {"w": "自衛隊", "rd": "じえいたい", "mn": "Japan Self-Defense Forces; JSDF", "fr": 21724}, {"w": "デモ隊", "rd": "デモたい", "mn": "demonstrators", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "中隊", "rd": "ちゅうたい", "mn": "company; battery; troop", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大隊", "rd": "だいたい", "mn": "battalion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "愚連隊", "rd": "ぐれんたい", "mn": "gang of young toughs; hooligans; hoodlums; hoods; yobbos", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "探検隊", "rd": "たんけんたい", "mn": "exploration party; expedition team", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "楽隊", "rd": "がくたい", "mn": "band; orchestra", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "機動隊", "rd": "きどうたい", "mn": "riot police; riot squad", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "競", "g": 4, "o": 544, "f": 610, "j": null, "on": "キョウ、ケイ", "kun": "きそ.う、せ.る、くら.べる", "m": "emulate; compete with; bid; sell at auction; bout; contest; race", "pm": "emulate", "r": [{"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}, {"c": "兄", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "elder brother"}], "hc": "vase; stand up; elder brother; teenager; mouth; human legs", "hk": "vie", "hs": "Two <i>teenagers</i> are seen here <i>standing up</i> to one another, <b>vying</b> for the attention of their peers.", "ks": "Two crazy brothers vying for the guiness records books of stupidity by trying to stand on their heads the longest.", "v": [{"w": "競争", "rd": "きょうそう", "mn": "competition; contest; rivalry; race", "fr": 6365}, {"w": "競う", "rd": "きそう", "mn": "to compete; to contend; to vie; to contest", "fr": 7170}, {"w": "競技", "rd": "きょうぎ", "mn": "game; match; contest; competition; sport; (sporting) event", "fr": 9633}, {"w": "競る", "rd": "せる", "mn": "to compete", "fr": 15268}, {"w": "競馬", "rd": "けいば", "mn": "horse racing", "fr": 23081}, {"w": "競り合い", "rd": "せりあい", "mn": "competition", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競り合う", "rd": "せりあう", "mn": "to struggle for; to compete with; to vie with", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競争入札", "rd": "きょうそうにゅうさつ", "mn": "competitive bidding (esp. for government contracts)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競争力", "rd": "きょうそうりょく", "mn": "competitiveness; competitive edge; competitive power", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競合", "rd": "きょうごう", "mn": "contention; competition; rivalry; quarrel", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競合他社", "rd": "きょうごうたしゃ", "mn": "competing companies; rival companies", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競売", "rd": "きょうばい", "mn": "auction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競技場", "rd": "きょうぎじょう", "mn": "stadium; (sports) ground; (playing) field; arena", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競歩", "rd": "きょうほ", "mn": "racewalking; race walking; walking race", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競泳", "rd": "きょうえい", "mn": "competitive swimming; swimming race", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 32, "rp": 12, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "給", "g": 4, "o": 545, "f": 615, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "たま.う、たも.う、-たま.え", "m": "salary; wage; gift; allow; grant; bestow on", "pm": "salary", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "合", "nj": "ゴウ", "ne": "fit"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; fit; meeting; umbrella; one; mouth", "hk": "salary", "hs": "Thread . . . fit.", "ks": "<i>Spiderman</i> wanted to be a <b>salary</b> man, but the suit just didn't <i>fit</i> him.", "v": [{"w": "給料", "rd": "きゅうりょう", "mn": "salary; wages; pay", "fr": 3893}, {"w": "補給", "rd": "ほきゅう", "mn": "supply; supplying; replenishment", "fr": 7594}, {"w": "供給", "rd": "きょうきゅう", "mn": "supply; provision", "fr": 10362}, {"w": "支給", "rd": "しきゅう", "mn": "provision; supply; payment; allowance; grant", "fr": 13015}, {"w": "時給", "rd": "じきゅう", "mn": "hourly pay; hourly wage", "fr": 16122}, {"w": "給食", "rd": "きゅうしょく", "mn": "provision of lunch (e.g. at office, school, etc.); providing a meal; lunch servi", "fr": 17575}, {"w": "月給", "rd": "げっきゅう", "mn": "monthly salary", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "給与", "rd": "きゅうよ", "mn": "pay; salary; wages", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "配給", "rd": "はいきゅう", "mn": "distribution (e.g. films, rice)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "俸給", "rd": "ほうきゅう", "mn": "salary (esp. public employees); wages; pay", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "初任給", "rd": "しょにんきゅう", "mn": "initial salary; starting salary; entry-level salary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "受給", "rd": "じゅきゅう", "mn": "receiving payments (pension, ration)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "恩給", "rd": "おんきゅう", "mn": "pension (esp. public servant's)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "日給", "rd": "にっきゅう", "mn": "daily wages", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "昇給", "rd": "しょうきゅう", "mn": "salary raise", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 1, "rp": 74, "l": 17, "n": "給料 結論 結合"}}, {"k": "辞", "g": 4, "o": 546, "f": 633, "j": null, "on": "ジ", "kun": "や.める、いな.む", "m": "resign; word; term; expression", "pm": "resign", "r": [{"c": "舌", "nj": "した", "ne": "tongue"}, {"c": "辛", "nj": "からい", "ne": "bitter"}], "hc": "tongue; thousand; mouth; spicy; stand up; vase; ten; needle", "hk": "resign", "hs": "Tongue . . . spicy.", "ks": "After my tongue touched the most spicy pepper of all, I had to resign from the contest…too hot for me!", "v": [{"w": "辞める", "rd": "やめる", "mn": "to resign; to retire; to quit; to leave (one's job, etc.)", "fr": 1490}, {"w": "お世辞", "rd": "おせじ", "mn": "flattery; compliment", "fr": 8278}, {"w": "辞退", "rd": "じたい", "mn": "declining; refusal; nonacceptance; turning down; withdrawal (e.g. of candidacy);", "fr": 9510}, {"w": "お辞儀", "rd": "おじぎ", "mn": "bow; bowing", "fr": 10268}, {"w": "辞書", "rd": "じしょ", "mn": "dictionary; lexicon", "fr": 11585}, {"w": "賛辞", "rd": "さんじ", "mn": "eulogy; compliment", "fr": 21324}, {"w": "辞す", "rd": "じす", "mn": "to take one's leave; to excuse oneself; to leave; to depart", "fr": 22630}, {"w": "辞表", "rd": "じひょう", "mn": "letter of resignation", "fr": 23878}, {"w": "百科辞典", "rd": "ひゃっかじてん", "mn": "encyclopedia; encyclopaedia", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "辞典", "rd": "じてん", "mn": "dictionary; lexicon", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "辞職", "rd": "じしょく", "mn": "resignation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "国語辞典", "rd": "こくごじてん", "mn": "Japanese-language dictionary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "式辞", "rd": "しきじ", "mn": "ceremonial address", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弔辞", "rd": "ちょうじ", "mn": "memorial address; words of condolence; funeral oration; eulogy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "祝辞", "rd": "しゅくじ", "mn": "congratulatory address", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 80, "rp": 30, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "愛", "g": 4, "o": 547, "f": 640, "j": null, "on": "アイ", "kun": "いと.しい、かな.しい、め.でる、お.しむ、まな", "m": "love; affection; favourite", "pm": "love", "r": [{"c": "爫", "nj": "つめかんむり", "ne": "claw"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "夂", "nj": "のまた", "ne": "to follow"}], "hc": "birdhouse; birdcage; claw; vulture; crown; love birds; heart; walking legs", "hk": "love", "hs": "Birdhouse . . . heart . . . walking legs.", "ks": "愛は相手の心を受けることです。 (I heard that one from a buddhist priest - dont forget the extra stroke).", "v": [{"w": "愛する", "rd": "あいする", "mn": "to love", "fr": 693}, {"w": "愛", "rd": "あい", "mn": "love; affection; care", "fr": 928}, {"w": "可愛い", "rd": "かわいい", "mn": "cute; adorable; charming; lovely; pretty", "fr": 2111}, {"w": "恋愛", "rd": "れんあい", "mn": "love; romance; tender passion; emotion; affections", "fr": 2185}, {"w": "愛情", "rd": "あいじょう", "mn": "love; affection", "fr": 2791}, {"w": "可愛らしい", "rd": "かわいらしい", "mn": "lovely; sweet; pretty; cute; adorable", "fr": 5380}, {"w": "愛しい", "rd": "いとしい", "mn": "lovely; dear; beloved; darling; dearest", "fr": 5675}, {"w": "愛想", "rd": "あいそ", "mn": "amiability; friendliness; affability; sociability", "fr": 8306}, {"w": "愛人", "rd": "あいじん", "mn": "lover; mistress", "fr": 8495}, {"w": "最愛", "rd": "さいあい", "mn": "beloved; dearest", "fr": 10878}, {"w": "愛用", "rd": "あいよう", "mn": "favorite; favourite; habitually used", "fr": 11692}, {"w": "親愛", "rd": "しんあい", "mn": "deep affection", "fr": 12836}, {"w": "慈愛", "rd": "じあい", "mn": "affection (esp. parental); love; fondness", "fr": 12852}, {"w": "愛着", "rd": "あいちゃく", "mn": "attachment (esp. to things); love; affection; fondness", "fr": 13876}, {"w": "愛嬌", "rd": "あいきょう", "mn": "charm; attractiveness; amiability; winsomeness", "fr": 14261}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 239, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "富", "g": 4, "o": 548, "f": 644, "j": null, "on": "フ、フウ", "kun": "と.む、とみ", "m": "wealth; enrich; abundant", "pm": "wealth", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "畐", "nj": "フク", "ne": "to fill"}], "hc": "house; one; ceiling; mouth; rice field; brains", "hk": "wealth", "hs": "Here we have the original character on which the primitive element for <b>wealth</b> is based. In keeping with the story introduced back then, note how all the <b>wealth</b> is kept under the roof of the same <i>house</i>.", "ks": "A HOUSE with only ONE MOUTH and a RICE FIELD has a lot of WEALTH.", "v": [{"w": "豊富", "rd": "ほうふ", "mn": "abundant; plentiful; rich; ample", "fr": 5193}, {"w": "富", "rd": "とみ", "mn": "riches; wealth; fortune", "fr": 11422}, {"w": "富む", "rd": "とむ", "mn": "to be rich (in); to abound (in); to be abundant (in); to be full (of)", "fr": 16379}, {"w": "富士山", "rd": "ふじさん", "mn": "Mount Fuji; Mt. Fuji; Fujiyama; Fuji-san", "fr": 17946}, {"w": "富豪", "rd": "ふごう", "mn": "wealthy person; millionaire", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "国富", "rd": "こくふ", "mn": "national wealth", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "富者", "rd": "ふしゃ", "mn": "rich person; millionaire; the wealthy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "富裕", "rd": "ふゆう", "mn": "wealthy; rich; affluent", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "富貴", "rd": "ふうき", "mn": "riches and honours (honors); wealth and rank", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "種類豊富", "rd": "しゅるいほうふ", "mn": "rich in variety; diverse; wide-ranging; multifarious", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "経験豊富", "rd": "けいけんほうふ", "mn": "experienced; well-versed", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貧富", "rd": "ひんぷ", "mn": "wealth and poverty; rich and poor", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "未", "g": 4, "o": 549, "f": 650, "j": null, "on": "ミ、ビ", "kun": "いま.だ、ま.だ、ひつじ", "m": "un-; not yet; hitherto; still; even now; sign of the ram; 1-3PM; eighth sign of Chinese zodiac", "pm": "un-", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "tree; wood; one", "hk": "not yet", "hs": "As the key word suggests, this kanji has to do with something not quite over and done with. More concretely, it shows us a <i>tree</i> that is <b>not yet</b> fully grown. The extra short stroke in the upper branches shows new branches spreading out, leaving one with the feeling that the <i>tree</i> has a ways to go yet before it reaches maturity. In other words, the kanji conveys its meaning pictographically, playing on the earlier pictograph of the <i>tree</i>.", "ks": "This TREE is not yet fully grown: it's only ONE year old.", "v": [{"w": "未来", "rd": "みらい", "mn": "(distant) future", "fr": 813}, {"w": "未知", "rd": "みち", "mn": "not yet known; unknown; strange", "fr": 4789}, {"w": "未熟", "rd": "みじゅく", "mn": "unripe; green; immature", "fr": 4986}, {"w": "未練", "rd": "みれん", "mn": "lingering attachment; lingering affection; regret; reluctance; ruefulness", "fr": 4996}, {"w": "未だ", "rd": "まだ", "mn": "still; as yet; only", "fr": 5107}, {"w": "未", "rd": "ひつじ", "mn": "the Sheep (eighth sign of the Chinese zodiac); the Ram; the Goat", "fr": 9434}, {"w": "未成年", "rd": "みせいねん", "mn": "minority (i.e. being under age); minor; underage person", "fr": 9533}, {"w": "前代未聞", "rd": "ぜんだいみもん", "mn": "unheard-of; unprecedented; unparalleled in history (unparallelled); record-break", "fr": 12525}, {"w": "未遂", "rd": "みすい", "mn": "failed attempt (at a crime, suicide, etc.)", "fr": 14740}, {"w": "未満", "rd": "みまん", "mn": "less than; under; below", "fr": 14861}, {"w": "未完成", "rd": "みかんせい", "mn": "incomplete; unfinished; imperfect", "fr": 15517}, {"w": "未定", "rd": "みてい", "mn": "not yet fixed; undecided; pending; TBD", "fr": 18707}, {"w": "未知数", "rd": "みちすう", "mn": "(an) unknown; unknown number; variable", "fr": 18770}, {"w": "未明", "rd": "みめい", "mn": "early dawn; grey of morning; gray of morning", "fr": 19010}, {"w": "未婚", "rd": "みこん", "mn": "unmarried; not yet married", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 38, "rp": 43, "l": 6, "n": "未来 週末 夫 天才"}}, {"k": "冷", "g": 4, "o": 550, "f": 667, "j": null, "on": "レイ", "kun": "つめ.たい、ひ.える、ひ.や、ひ.ややか、ひ.やす、ひ.やかす、さ.める、さ.ます", "m": "cool; cold (beer, person); chill", "pm": "cool", "r": [{"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}, {"c": "令", "nj": "レイ", "ne": "orders"}], "hc": "ice; orders; meeting; chop-seal; hanko", "hk": "cool", "hs": "Ice . . . orders.", "ks": "To keep your water <b>cool</b> , just <i>order</i> some <i>ice</i>.", "v": [{"w": "冷たい", "rd": "つめたい", "mn": "cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; freezing", "fr": 927}, {"w": "冷静", "rd": "れいせい", "mn": "calmness; composure; coolness; serenity; presence of mind", "fr": 1728}, {"w": "冷える", "rd": "ひえる", "mn": "to grow cold; to get chilly; to cool down", "fr": 2824}, {"w": "冷める", "rd": "さめる", "mn": "to cool down; to get cold", "fr": 2843}, {"w": "冷蔵庫", "rd": "れいぞうこ", "mn": "refrigerator; fridge", "fr": 3809}, {"w": "冷やす", "rd": "ひやす", "mn": "to cool; to chill; to refrigerate", "fr": 4103}, {"w": "冷や汗", "rd": "ひやあせ", "mn": "cold sweat", "fr": 8941}, {"w": "冷酷", "rd": "れいこく", "mn": "cruelty; coldheartedness; relentless; ruthless", "fr": 10487}, {"w": "冷ます", "rd": "さます", "mn": "to cool (e.g. from a high temperature to room temperature); to let cool", "fr": 12072}, {"w": "冷凍", "rd": "れいとう", "mn": "freezing; cold storage; refrigeration", "fr": 12200}, {"w": "冷ややか", "rd": "ひややか", "mn": "cold; chilly; cool", "fr": 12510}, {"w": "冷徹", "rd": "れいてつ", "mn": "cool-headed; level-headed; hard-headed", "fr": 14103}, {"w": "冷やかす", "rd": "ひやかす", "mn": "to banter; to make fun of; to jeer at", "fr": 15665}, {"w": "冷水", "rd": "れいすい", "mn": "cold water", "fr": 20839}, {"w": "冷房", "rd": "れいぼう", "mn": "air conditioning; air cooling", "fr": 21041}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 140, "rp": 19, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "類", "g": 4, "o": 551, "f": 678, "j": null, "on": "ルイ", "kun": "たぐ.い", "m": "sort; kind; variety; class; genus", "pm": "sort", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "rice; large; St. Bernard; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "sort", "hs": "Rice . . . St. Bernard dog . . . head.", "ks": "What SORT of person comes from the U.S.? Well, some would say a person with a BIG HEAD.", "v": [{"w": "種類", "rd": "しゅるい", "mn": "variety; kind; type; category", "fr": 2117}, {"w": "人類", "rd": "じんるい", "mn": "mankind; humanity", "fr": 3073}, {"w": "書類", "rd": "しょるい", "mn": "document; papers", "fr": 3189}, {"w": "類", "rd": "るい", "mn": "kind; sort; type; class; genus; order; family", "fr": 4431}, {"w": "分類", "rd": "ぶんるい", "mn": "classification; categorization; sorting", "fr": 10196}, {"w": "同類", "rd": "どうるい", "mn": "the same kind; accomplice; partner", "fr": 10620}, {"w": "衣類", "rd": "いるい", "mn": "clothes; clothing; garments", "fr": 16786}, {"w": "類似", "rd": "るいじ", "mn": "resemblance; similarity; likeness; analogy", "fr": 24319}, {"w": "親類", "rd": "しんるい", "mn": "relative; relation; kin", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "類推", "rd": "るいすい", "mn": "analogy", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "人類学", "rd": "じんるいがく", "mn": "anthropology", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "爬虫類", "rd": "はちゅうるい", "mn": "reptiles", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "種類豊富", "rd": "しゅるいほうふ", "mn": "rich in variety; diverse; wide-ranging; multifarious", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "穀類", "rd": "こくるい", "mn": "grains", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "藻類", "rd": "そうるい", "mn": "seaweeds; algae; waterweeds", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 7, "rp": 71, "l": 15, "n": "種類 依頼 金額"}}, {"k": "児", "g": 4, "o": 552, "f": 679, "j": null, "on": "ジ、ニ、ゲイ", "kun": "こ、-こ、-っこ", "m": "newborn babe; child; young of animals", "pm": "newborn babe", "r": [{"c": "旧", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "old times"}, {"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}], "hc": "olden times; stick; sun; day; human legs", "hk": "newborn babe", "hs": "The top part of the kanji in this frame, you will remember, is the character for <i>olden times</i> , those <i>days</i> so old they needed a <i>walking stick</i> to get around. Western mythical imagination has old  \"Father Time\" leaning on his sickle with a <b>newborn babe</b> crawling around his <i>legs</i> , the idea being that the circle of birth and-death goes on. This is the first of three times that the kanji for <i>olden times</i> will appear as a primitive element in another kanji, so try to make the most of it.", "ks": "In the <i>olden times</i> , a <b>newborn babe</b> came out <i>leg</i> s first.", "v": [{"w": "幼児", "rd": "ようじ", "mn": "young child; toddler", "fr": 14148}, {"w": "孤児", "rd": "こじ", "mn": "orphan", "fr": 16005}, {"w": "児童", "rd": "じどう", "mn": "children; juvenile", "fr": 17959}, {"w": "育児", "rd": "いくじ", "mn": "childcare; child-rearing; nursing; upbringing", "fr": 21523}, {"w": "孤児院", "rd": "こじいん", "mn": "orphanage", "fr": 22256}, {"w": "胎児", "rd": "たいじ", "mn": "fetus; foetus; embryo; baby in the womb; unborn baby", "fr": 23044}, {"w": "小児科", "rd": "しょうにか", "mn": "pediatrics", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "乳児", "rd": "にゅうじ", "mn": "infant (below 1 year old); suckling baby", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "乳幼児", "rd": "にゅうようじ", "mn": "babies and preschool children", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "双生児", "rd": "そうせいじ", "mn": "twins", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "園児", "rd": "えんじ", "mn": "kindergarten pupil; kindergartener; preschooler; child in daycare", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "女児", "rd": "じょじ", "mn": "girl; baby girl", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "小児", "rd": "しょうに", "mn": "young child; infant", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "小児病", "rd": "しょうにびょう", "mn": "childhood diseases", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新生児", "rd": "しんせいじ", "mn": "newborn baby", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 9, "rp": 16, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "印", "g": 4, "o": 553, "f": 682, "j": null, "on": "イン", "kun": "しるし、-じるし、しる.す", "m": "stamp; seal; mark; imprint; symbol; emblem; trademark; evidence; souvenir; India", "pm": "stamp", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}, {"c": "卩", "nj": "ふしづくり", "ne": "stamp"}], "hc": "staples", "hk": "stamp", "hs": "At last we come to the general character meaning <b>stamp</b>. Its elements: <i>staples</i> . . . <i>stamp</i>.", "ks": "A stamp for the 印 velope of course!", "v": [{"w": "印象", "rd": "いんしょう", "mn": "impression", "fr": 2449}, {"w": "印", "rd": "いん", "mn": "stamp; seal; chop", "fr": 4978}, {"w": "印刷", "rd": "いんさつ", "mn": "printing", "fr": 7068}, {"w": "目印", "rd": "めじるし", "mn": "mark (for quick identification or recognition); sign", "fr": 9409}, {"w": "印象的", "rd": "いんしょうてき", "mn": "impressive; striking; memorable; impactful", "fr": 10311}, {"w": "矢印", "rd": "やじるし", "mn": "arrow (symbol)", "fr": 23228}, {"w": "印鑑", "rd": "いんかん", "mn": "stamp; seal", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "調印", "rd": "ちょういん", "mn": "signature; signing; sealing", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "凸版印刷", "rd": "とっぱんいんさつ", "mn": "letterpress; relief printing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "印税", "rd": "いんぜい", "mn": "royalty (on book)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "印紙", "rd": "いんし", "mn": "(revenue) stamp", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "印象付ける", "rd": "いんしょうづける", "mn": "to impress (someone)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旗印", "rd": "はたじるし", "mn": "design (on a banner); emblem (on a flag); insignia", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "朱印", "rd": "しゅいん", "mn": "red seal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "消印", "rd": "けしいん", "mn": "postmark; (postal) cancellation mark", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 115, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "標", "g": 4, "o": 554, "f": 686, "j": null, "on": "ヒョウ", "kun": "しるべ、しるし", "m": "signpost; seal; mark; stamp; imprint; symbol; emblem; trademark; evidence; souvenir; target", "pm": "signpost", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "票", "nj": "ヒョウ", "ne": "ballot"}], "hc": "tree; wood; ballot; old west; altar; show; two; small", "hk": "signpost", "hs": "Tree . . . ballot.", "ks": "<i>Trees</i> were frequenly used as <b>signposts</b> in those days, indicating where one had to go to cast their <i>ballots</i>.", "v": [{"w": "目標", "rd": "もくひょう", "mn": "goal; target; aim; objective", "fr": 1852}, {"w": "標的", "rd": "ひょうてき", "mn": "target", "fr": 5943}, {"w": "標準", "rd": "ひょうじゅん", "mn": "standard; criterion; norm; model; mark", "fr": 20704}, {"w": "標本", "rd": "ひょうほん", "mn": "specimen; sample", "fr": 23833}, {"w": "標語", "rd": "ひょうご", "mn": "motto; slogan; catchword", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "標識", "rd": "ひょうしき", "mn": "sign; mark; marker; beacon", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "商標", "rd": "しょうひょう", "mn": "trademark", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "指標", "rd": "しひょう", "mn": "index; indices; indicator", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "標準的", "rd": "ひょうじゅんてき", "mn": "standard", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "標準語", "rd": "ひょうじゅんご", "mn": "standard language (used in government, education, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "標高", "rd": "ひょうこう", "mn": "elevation; height above sea level", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登録商標", "rd": "とうろくしょうひょう", "mn": "registered trademark", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 4, "rp": 15, "l": 2, "n": "目標 煙"}}, {"k": "輪", "g": 4, "o": 555, "f": 693, "j": null, "on": "リン", "kun": "わ", "m": "wheel; ring; circle; link; loop; counter for wheels and flowers", "pm": "wheel", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "侖", "nj": "リン", "ne": "think"}], "hc": "car; post-it note; meeting; scrapbook; glass canopy; hood; flowers", "hk": "wheel", "hs": "Car . . . meeting . . . scrapbook.", "ks": "Someone stole all the <b>wheel</b> s off the ladies' cars at the scrapbook convention.", "v": [{"w": "輪", "rd": "わ", "mn": "ring; circle; loop", "fr": 4513}, {"w": "指輪", "rd": "ゆびわ", "mn": "(finger) ring", "fr": 4779}, {"w": "輪郭", "rd": "りんかく", "mn": "contour; outline; silhouette", "fr": 9086}, {"w": "車輪", "rd": "しゃりん", "mn": "(vehicle) wheel", "fr": 14288}, {"w": "年輪", "rd": "ねんりん", "mn": "annual tree ring; growth ring", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "三輪", "rd": "さんりん", "mn": "three wheels", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "両輪", "rd": "りょうりん", "mn": "two wheels", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "二輪車", "rd": "にりんしゃ", "mn": "two-wheeled vehicle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "五輪", "rd": "ごりん", "mn": "Olympic Games; Olympics", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "内輪", "rd": "うちわ", "mn": "family circle; one's circle (of friends, co-workers, etc.); one's fellows; in-gr", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "四輪車", "rd": "よんりんしゃ", "mn": "automobile; car", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競輪", "rd": "けいりん", "mn": "keirin", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "花輪", "rd": "はなわ", "mn": "wreath; garland", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "輪ゴム", "rd": "わゴム", "mn": "rubber band; elastic band", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "輪切り", "rd": "わぎり", "mn": "cutting in round slices; round slice", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 34, "rp": 10, "l": 1, "n": "指輪 結論"}}, {"k": "熱", "g": 4, "o": 556, "f": 700, "j": null, "on": "ネツ", "kun": "あつ.い", "m": "heat; temperature; fever; mania; passion", "pm": "heat", "r": [{"c": "埶", "nj": "ゲイ", "ne": "art"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "mini-tractor; rice seedlings; soil; dirt; ground; human legs; fat man; musashimaru; round; nine; baseball; drop; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "heat", "hs": "Rice seedlings . . . ground . . . fat man . . . oven fire.", "ks": "This is Mario avoiding the fire 's heat. <http://retromedia.ign.com/retro/image/article/870/870378/super-mario- bros-20080429110134449640w.jpg>.", "v": [{"w": "熱い", "rd": "あつい", "mn": "hot (to the touch)", "fr": 845}, {"w": "熱", "rd": "ねつ", "mn": "heat", "fr": 1258}, {"w": "熱心", "rd": "ねっしん", "mn": "zealous; enthusiastic; ardent; fervent; keen; eager", "fr": 3211}, {"w": "情熱", "rd": "じょうねつ", "mn": "passion; enthusiasm; zeal", "fr": 5099}, {"w": "熱気", "rd": "ねっき", "mn": "heat; hot air", "fr": 7967}, {"w": "熱意", "rd": "ねつい", "mn": "zeal; enthusiasm; ardor; ardour", "fr": 9322}, {"w": "熱中", "rd": "ねっちゅう", "mn": "being enthusiastic about; being wild about; being absorbed in; being engrossed i", "fr": 11743}, {"w": "高熱", "rd": "こうねつ", "mn": "high fever", "fr": 11988}, {"w": "熱烈", "rd": "ねつれつ", "mn": "ardent; passionate; vehement", "fr": 12699}, {"w": "熱する", "rd": "ねっする", "mn": "to heat; to heat up", "fr": 14582}, {"w": "熱々", "rd": "あつあつ", "mn": "piping hot; scalding", "fr": 15897}, {"w": "白熱", "rd": "はくねつ", "mn": "white heat; incandescence; (emitting) white light; white glow", "fr": 16440}, {"w": "熱狂", "rd": "ねっきょう", "mn": "wild enthusiasm; being crazy about", "fr": 17848}, {"w": "発熱", "rd": "はつねつ", "mn": "generation of heat", "fr": 20339}, {"w": "熱湯", "rd": "ねっとう", "mn": "boiling water", "fr": 21274}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 18, "rp": 28, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "清", "g": 4, "o": 557, "f": 705, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ショウ、シン", "kun": "きよ.い、きよ.まる、きよ.める", "m": "pure; purify; cleanse; exorcise; Manchu dynasty", "pm": "pure", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "青", "nj": "あお", "ne": "blue"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; blue; grow up; moon; flesh", "hk": "pure", "hs": "Water . . . blue.", "ks": "<b>Pure</b> sea <i>water</i> is always a radiant <i>blue</i>.", "v": [{"w": "清潔", "rd": "せいけつ", "mn": "clean; hygienic; sanitary", "fr": 9886}, {"w": "清々しい", "rd": "すがすがしい", "mn": "refreshing (e.g. feeling, scene, wind, morning air); brisk; bracing; fresh; refr", "fr": 10086}, {"w": "清掃", "rd": "せいそう", "mn": "cleaning; clean-up; garbage collection; scavenging", "fr": 10107}, {"w": "清らか", "rd": "きよらか", "mn": "clean; clear", "fr": 13348}, {"w": "清い", "rd": "きよい", "mn": "clean; clear", "fr": 14552}, {"w": "清算", "rd": "せいさん", "mn": "(financial) settlement; squaring accounts; clearing debts", "fr": 18050}, {"w": "粛清", "rd": "しゅくせい", "mn": "(political) purge", "fr": 21753}, {"w": "清廉", "rd": "せいれん", "mn": "honest; upright; cleanhanded; unselfish", "fr": 24077}, {"w": "清書", "rd": "せいしょ", "mn": "fair copy; clean copy", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "清新", "rd": "せいしん", "mn": "fresh; new", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "清流", "rd": "せいりゅう", "mn": "clear stream", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "清浄", "rd": "せいじょう", "mn": "pure; clean; purity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "清涼", "rd": "せいりょう", "mn": "cool; refreshing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "清澄", "rd": "せいちょう", "mn": "clear; serene", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "清貧", "rd": "せいひん", "mn": "poverty without selfish desire; honourable poverty (honorable); being poor yet h", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 6, "rp": 21, "l": 4, "n": "清潔 青春"}}, {"k": "覚", "g": 4, "o": 558, "f": 710, "j": null, "on": "カク", "kun": "おぼ.える、さ.ます、さ.める、さと.る", "m": "memorize; learn; remember; awake; sober up", "pm": "memorize", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "見", "nj": "みる", "ne": "to see"}], "hc": "schoolhouse; owl; crown; see; telescope; eye; human legs", "hk": "memorize", "hs": "The idea of <b>memorizing</b> things is easily related to the <i>schoolhouse</i> , and since we have been at it for more than a hundred pages in this book, the idea that <b>memorizing</b> involves <i>seeing</i> things that are not really there should make it easy to put the two elements together.", "ks": "In a <i>schoolhouse</i> in class: 1) you <i>see</i> something on the blackboard, then 2) you <b>memorize</b> it.", "v": [{"w": "覚える", "rd": "おぼえる", "mn": "to memorize; to memorise; to commit to memory; to learn by heart; to bear in min", "fr": 268}, {"w": "覚悟", "rd": "かくご", "mn": "readiness; (mental) preparedness", "fr": 731}, {"w": "感覚", "rd": "かんかく", "mn": "sense; sensation; feeling; intuition", "fr": 1463}, {"w": "目覚める", "rd": "めざめる", "mn": "to wake up; to awake", "fr": 1738}, {"w": "自覚", "rd": "じかく", "mn": "self-consciousness; self-awareness", "fr": 2093}, {"w": "覚え", "rd": "おぼえ", "mn": "memory; sense; experience", "fr": 2230}, {"w": "目が覚める", "rd": "めがさめる", "mn": "to wake up; to awake; to perk up; to snap out (of a day dream, etc.)", "fr": 2618}, {"w": "錯覚", "rd": "さっかく", "mn": "illusion; hallucination", "fr": 4689}, {"w": "覚める", "rd": "さめる", "mn": "to wake; to wake up", "fr": 5016}, {"w": "覚醒", "rd": "かくせい", "mn": "waking up; awakening; arousal; revival", "fr": 5549}, {"w": "覚ます", "rd": "さます", "mn": "to awaken; to arouse from sleep", "fr": 6374}, {"w": "幻覚", "rd": "げんかく", "mn": "hallucination; illusion", "fr": 7306}, {"w": "発覚", "rd": "はっかく", "mn": "detection (of a plot, fraud, etc.); discovery; coming to light; being uncovered", "fr": 7729}, {"w": "見覚え", "rd": "みおぼえ", "mn": "memory (of having seen something or someone before); remembrance; recollection; ", "fr": 8503}, {"w": "視覚", "rd": "しかく", "mn": "(sense of) sight; eyesight; vision", "fr": 9410}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 363, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "億", "g": 4, "o": 559, "f": 716, "j": null, "on": "オク", "kun": "", "m": "hundred million; 10**8", "pm": "hundred million", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "意", "nj": "イ", "ne": "idea"}], "hc": "person; idea; sound; vase; stand up; sun; day; heart", "hk": "hundred million", "hs": "Person . . . idea.", "ks": "Mr. T has an clear idea of what he would do if he ever got <b>hundred million</b> dollar. (I guess it would be a enormous gold chain !).", "v": [{"w": "億", "rd": "おく", "mn": "hundred million; 100,000,000; 10^8", "fr": 4512}, {"w": "一億", "rd": "いちおく", "mn": "100,000,000; one hundred million", "fr": 22994}, {"w": "十億", "rd": "じゅうおく", "mn": "1,000,000,000; billion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "数億年", "rd": "すうおくねん", "mn": "several hundred million years", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "１００億", "rd": "ひゃくおく", "mn": "10,000,000,000; ten billion", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 48, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "芸", "g": 4, "o": 560, "f": 719, "j": null, "on": "ゲイ、ウン", "kun": "う.える、のり、わざ", "m": "technique; art; craft; performance; acting; trick; stunt", "pm": "technique", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "云", "nj": "ウン", "ne": "say"}], "hc": "flowers; rising cloud; two; elbow; wall", "hk": "technique", "hs": "The secret <b>technique</b> of making a <i>rising cloud</i> of smoke turn into a bouquet of <i>flowers</i> is shown here.", "ks": "Imagine an old Kung-fu movie: \"Try my <i>rising cloud</i> <i>flower</i> <b>technique</b>!!!\" <i>smash</i> <i>pow</i> <i>crack!!</i>.", "v": [{"w": "芸術", "rd": "げいじゅつ", "mn": "art; the arts", "fr": 6612}, {"w": "芸", "rd": "げい", "mn": "art; craft; accomplishment; artistic skill; technique; performance", "fr": 8386}, {"w": "芸能人", "rd": "げいのうじん", "mn": "entertainer; performer; celebrity; entertainment personality", "fr": 9463}, {"w": "芸人", "rd": "げいにん", "mn": "(TV) comedian", "fr": 13100}, {"w": "芸術家", "rd": "げいじゅつか", "mn": "artist", "fr": 15530}, {"w": "芸能", "rd": "げいのう", "mn": "public entertainment; performing arts", "fr": 18304}, {"w": "園芸", "rd": "えんげい", "mn": "horticulture; gardening", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "学芸", "rd": "がくげい", "mn": "arts and sciences; liberal arts", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "工芸", "rd": "こうげい", "mn": "industrial arts; craft", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "文芸", "rd": "ぶんげい", "mn": "literature", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "安芸", "rd": "あき", "mn": "Aki (former province located in the west of present-day Hiroshima Prefecture)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "民芸", "rd": "みんげい", "mn": "folk craft; folk art", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "演芸", "rd": "えんげい", "mn": "entertainment; performance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "芸名", "rd": "げいめい", "mn": "stage name", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "芸者", "rd": "げいしゃ", "mn": "geisha", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 14, "rp": 17, "l": 3, "n": "芸術 伝える"}}, {"k": "便", "g": 4, "o": 561, "f": 729, "j": null, "on": "ベン、ビン", "kun": "たよ.り", "m": "convenience; facility; excrement; feces; letter; chance", "pm": "convenience", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "更", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "grow late"}], "hc": "person; grow late; Ameratasu; one; ceiling; sun; tucked under the arm", "hk": "convenience", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>grow late</i>. Hint: this kanji also means that unmentionable material that one disposes of when one goes to the  \" <b>conveniences</b>. \"", "ks": "When it grows late only the convenience stores are open.", "v": [{"w": "便利", "rd": "べんり", "mn": "convenient; handy; useful", "fr": 2639}, {"w": "不便", "rd": "ふべん", "mn": "inconvenience; inexpediency; unhandiness", "fr": 5828}, {"w": "便", "rd": "びん", "mn": "flight (e.g. airline flight); trip (e.g. train trip); sailing (e.g. ferry voyage", "fr": 9320}, {"w": "穏便", "rd": "おんびん", "mn": "gentle; peaceable; amicable; quiet", "fr": 9658}, {"w": "便所", "rd": "べんじょ", "mn": "toilet; lavatory; water closet; restroom; bathroom", "fr": 12835}, {"w": "郵便", "rd": "ゆうびん", "mn": "mail service; postal service; mail; post", "fr": 14767}, {"w": "便乗", "rd": "びんじょう", "mn": "taking advantage of (an opportunity); jumping on the bandwagon", "fr": 15625}, {"w": "小便", "rd": "しょうべん", "mn": "urine; piss; pee; urination", "fr": 16357}, {"w": "便り", "rd": "たより", "mn": "news; tidings; information; correspondence; letter", "fr": 18448}, {"w": "宅配便", "rd": "たくはいびん", "mn": "express home delivery service", "fr": 20087}, {"w": "便宜", "rd": "べんぎ", "mn": "convenience; accommodation; advantage; benefit; expediency", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "便箋", "rd": "びんせん", "mn": "writing paper; stationery; notepaper", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "大便", "rd": "だいべん", "mn": "feces; faeces; excrement; stool", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "船便", "rd": "ふなびん", "mn": "surface mail (by ship); sea mail", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "郵便局", "rd": "ゆうびんきょく", "mn": "post office", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 98, "rp": 66, "l": 14, "n": ""}}, {"k": "陸", "g": 4, "o": 562, "f": 736, "j": null, "on": "リク、ロク", "kun": "おか", "m": "land; six", "pm": "land", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "坴", "nj": "リク", "ne": "clod of earth"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; mini-tractor; rice seedlings; soil; dirt; ground; human legs", "hk": "land", "hs": "The sense of <b>land</b> carried by this kanji is distinct from <i>soil</i> (Frame 161) and <i>ground</i> (Frame 554) in that it is meant to represent <b>land</b> seen from a distance, that is, <i>land</i> as opposed to  \"water.\" Its elements: <i>pinnacle</i> . . . <i>rice seedlings</i> . . . <i>ground</i>.", "ks": "My rice-seedlings have become sentient and will go on a mission. I can only apologise for the next 6 frames. In the distance, there is a <i>pinnacle</i> , which the newly-awakened <i>rice-seedlings</i> who are still stuck in the <i>ground</i> can see. Could it be the Promised <b>Land</b>?", "v": [{"w": "陸", "rd": "りく", "mn": "land; shore", "fr": 7655}, {"w": "大陸", "rd": "たいりく", "mn": "continent", "fr": 8518}, {"w": "上陸", "rd": "じょうりく", "mn": "landing; going ashore; disembarkation", "fr": 12968}, {"w": "着陸", "rd": "ちゃくりく", "mn": "landing; alighting; touch down", "fr": 14992}, {"w": "陸上", "rd": "りくじょう", "mn": "(on) land; ground; shore", "fr": 16191}, {"w": "陸軍", "rd": "りくぐん", "mn": "army", "fr": 24656}, {"w": "内陸", "rd": "ないりく", "mn": "inland", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "北陸", "rd": "ほくりく", "mn": "Hokuriku region (of Honshu; incl. Niigata, Toyama, Ishikawa and Fukui prefecture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大陸棚", "rd": "たいりくだな", "mn": "continental shelf", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "軟着陸", "rd": "なんちゃくりく", "mn": "soft landing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陸上競技", "rd": "りくじょうきょうぎ", "mn": "track and field; athletics", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陸上自衛隊", "rd": "りくじょうじえいたい", "mn": "Japan Ground Self-Defense Force; JGSDF", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陸橋", "rd": "りっきょう", "mn": "bridge (over a road or railway); overpass; flyover; viaduct", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陸海", "rd": "りくかい", "mn": "land and sea", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陸路", "rd": "りくろ", "mn": "land route; overland route", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 10, "rp": 22, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "帯", "g": 4, "o": 563, "f": 746, "j": null, "on": "タイ", "kun": "お.びる、おび", "m": "sash; belt; obi; zone; region", "pm": "sash", "r": [{"c": "丗", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "thirty"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}], "hc": "buckle; apron; crown; towel", "hk": "sash", "hs": "The part of the <i>apron</i> where one finds the <i>buckle</i> (represented pictorially by the first 5 strokes) is on the <b>sash</b>.", "ks": "WARNING: Try to avoid thinking of the upper element as a combination of one and mountain , because in this case you will get used to the incorrect stroke order.", "v": [{"w": "携帯", "rd": "けいたい", "mn": "carrying (on one's person or in the hand)", "fr": 2094}, {"w": "帯びる", "rd": "おびる", "mn": "to wear (a sword, decoration, etc.); to carry; to bear", "fr": 4889}, {"w": "携帯電話", "rd": "けいたいでんわ", "mn": "mobile phone; cell phone", "fr": 5134}, {"w": "時間帯", "rd": "じかんたい", "mn": "period of time; time slot", "fr": 6741}, {"w": "一帯", "rd": "いったい", "mn": "whole area; whole region", "fr": 7115}, {"w": "包帯", "rd": "ほうたい", "mn": "bandage; dressing", "fr": 7710}, {"w": "帯", "rd": "おび", "mn": "obi (kimono sash)", "fr": 8832}, {"w": "地帯", "rd": "ちたい", "mn": "zone; area; belt; region", "fr": 13046}, {"w": "性感帯", "rd": "せいかんたい", "mn": "erogenous zone", "fr": 24428}, {"w": "世帯", "rd": "せたい", "mn": "household; family", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "温帯", "rd": "おんたい", "mn": "temperate zone", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "熱帯", "rd": "ねったい", "mn": "tropics", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "連帯", "rd": "れんたい", "mn": "solidarity", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "亜熱帯", "rd": "あねったい", "mn": "subtropics", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "付帯", "rd": "ふたい", "mn": "incidental; ancillary; accessory; secondary; collateral", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 19, "l": 3, "n": "帯びる 席"}}, {"k": "努", "g": 4, "o": 564, "f": 749, "j": null, "on": "ド", "kun": "つと.める", "m": "toil; diligent; as much as possible", "pm": "toil", "r": [{"c": "奴", "nj": "ド", "ne": "guy"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "guy; woman; crotch; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "toil", "hs": "Guy . . . muscle.", "ks": "Guy + Power: To reach a position of power in the company, the average guy has to <b>toil</b> very hard for many years.", "v": [{"w": "努力", "rd": "どりょく", "mn": "effort; exertion; endeavour; endeavor; hard work; striving", "fr": 1236}, {"w": "努める", "rd": "つとめる", "mn": "to endeavor (to do); to endeavour; to try hard; to work hard; to strive; to make", "fr": 6940}, {"w": "努めて", "rd": "つとめて", "mn": "as much as possible; as far as possible; to the best of one's ability; diligentl", "fr": 18884}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 141, "rp": 21, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "固", "g": 4, "o": 565, "f": 750, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "かた.める、かた.まる、かた.まり、かた.い", "m": "harden; set; clot; curdle", "pm": "harden", "r": [{"c": "囗", "nj": "くにがまえ", "ne": "border"}, {"c": "古", "nj": "コ", "ne": "old"}], "hc": "pent in; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "harden", "hs": "<i>Old</i> . . . <i>pent in</i>. Leave the people out of your story to avoid complications later when we add the element for person to form a new kanji (Frame 1047).", "ks": "Fossils are <i>old</i> things <i>pent in</i> that have <b>harden</b> ed.", "v": [{"w": "固い", "rd": "かたい", "mn": "hard; solid; tough", "fr": 2223}, {"w": "固まる", "rd": "かたまる", "mn": "to harden; to solidify", "fr": 2979}, {"w": "固める", "rd": "かためる", "mn": "to harden; to freeze; to strengthen; to solidify; to make (a fist); to tramp dow", "fr": 3511}, {"w": "固定", "rd": "こてい", "mn": "fixing (in place); being fixed (in place); securing; anchoring; fastening down", "fr": 4272}, {"w": "頑固", "rd": "がんこ", "mn": "stubborn; obstinate; pigheaded", "fr": 5347}, {"w": "強固", "rd": "きょうこ", "mn": "firm; strong; solid; stable", "fr": 9702}, {"w": "断固", "rd": "だんこ", "mn": "firm; determined; resolute; conclusive", "fr": 12903}, {"w": "固執", "rd": "こしつ", "mn": "sticking to (an opinion, theory, belief, etc.); clinging to; adherence; persiste", "fr": 13687}, {"w": "確固", "rd": "かっこ", "mn": "firm; unshakeable; resolute", "fr": 14092}, {"w": "固有", "rd": "こゆう", "mn": "characteristic (of); peculiar (to); inherent (in); endemic; unique (to); native ", "fr": 18171}, {"w": "固体", "rd": "こたい", "mn": "solid (body); solid matter; solid-state", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "凝固", "rd": "ぎょうこ", "mn": "coagulation; freezing; solidification", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "固め", "rd": "かため", "mn": "hardening; fortifying", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "固定費", "rd": "こていひ", "mn": "fixed cost; fixed expense", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "固定資産", "rd": "こていしさん", "mn": "fixed assets", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 16, "rp": 20, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "散", "g": 4, "o": 566, "f": 758, "j": null, "on": "サン", "kun": "ち.る、ち.らす、-ち.らす、ち.らかす、ち.らかる、ち.らばる、ばら、ばら.ける", "m": "scatter; disperse; spend; squander", "pm": "scatter", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "salad; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; taskmaster", "hk": "scatter", "hs": "Salad . . . flesh . . taskmaster.", "ks": "The <b>taskmaster</b> is dissatisfied with the meal she's served, and <b>scatter</b> s the <b>salad</b> & <b>meat</b> across the floor for the servants to clean up.", "v": [{"w": "散歩", "rd": "さんぽ", "mn": "walk; stroll", "fr": 2251}, {"w": "散る", "rd": "ちる", "mn": "to fall (e.g. blossoms, leaves)", "fr": 3284}, {"w": "解散", "rd": "かいさん", "mn": "breaking up (a meeting, gathering, etc.); dispersal (e.g. of a crowd)", "fr": 3287}, {"w": "散々", "rd": "さんざん", "mn": "thoroughly; completely; utterly", "fr": 3681}, {"w": "散らばる", "rd": "ちらばる", "mn": "to be scattered about; to disperse; to be littered (with)", "fr": 6201}, {"w": "散らかる", "rd": "ちらかる", "mn": "to be in disorder; to lie scattered around", "fr": 7600}, {"w": "拡散", "rd": "かくさん", "mn": "spreading; disseminating; scattering", "fr": 8061}, {"w": "散らす", "rd": "ちらす", "mn": "to scatter; to cause a shower of", "fr": 8415}, {"w": "散らかす", "rd": "ちらかす", "mn": "to scatter around; to leave untidy; to make a mess", "fr": 9105}, {"w": "発散", "rd": "はっさん", "mn": "emission; emanation; radiation; diffusion; dispersion", "fr": 9659}, {"w": "分散", "rd": "ぶんさん", "mn": "dispersion; breakup; scattering; decentralization; decentralisation; distributio", "fr": 11362}, {"w": "散策", "rd": "さんさく", "mn": "walking; strolling; roaming; wandering; exploring", "fr": 13215}, {"w": "閑散", "rd": "かんさん", "mn": "deserted (esp. store, market, town, streets); quiet; still; hushed; empty", "fr": 18422}, {"w": "散らし", "rd": "ちらし", "mn": "leaflet; flyer; handbill", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "散会", "rd": "さんかい", "mn": "adjournment", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 14, "rp": 80, "l": 15, "n": "敗れる"}}, {"k": "司", "g": 4, "o": 567, "f": 759, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "つかさど.る", "m": "director; official; govt office; rule; administer", "pm": "director", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "clothes hanger; coat hanger; one; mouth", "hk": "director", "hs": "Clothes hanger . . . one . . . mouth.", "ks": "The porn <b>director</b> has <i>one</i> big <i>mouth</i>. \"Don't bother putting your clothes on a <i>hanger</i> , just get started.\".", "v": [{"w": "上司", "rd": "じょうし", "mn": "(one's) superior; (one's) boss; the higher-ups", "fr": 3808}, {"w": "寿司", "rd": "すし", "mn": "sushi", "fr": 10231}, {"w": "司会", "rd": "しかい", "mn": "leading a meeting; presiding over a meeting; officiating at a ceremony; chairman", "fr": 12378}, {"w": "司る", "rd": "つかさどる", "mn": "to be in charge of; to manage; to direct; to administer; to preside over", "fr": 12927}, {"w": "司令官", "rd": "しれいかん", "mn": "commandant; commanding officer; general", "fr": 20272}, {"w": "司会者", "rd": "しかいしゃ", "mn": "chairman; moderator; toastmaster; master of ceremonies; chairperson; host (of a ", "fr": 22328}, {"w": "司令", "rd": "しれい", "mn": "command; commander; commandant", "fr": 23110}, {"w": "司法", "rd": "しほう", "mn": "administration of justice; judicature", "fr": 23748}, {"w": "にぎり寿司", "rd": "にぎりずし", "mn": "nigirizushi", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公司", "rd": "コンス", "mn": "company (in China); firm", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "司令部", "rd": "しれいぶ", "mn": "headquarters", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "司書", "rd": "ししょ", "mn": "librarian", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "司法裁判", "rd": "しほうさいばん", "mn": "judicial trial", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "行司", "rd": "ぎょうじ", "mn": "referee", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 69, "rp": 9, "l": 1, "n": "寿司 同時"}}, {"k": "康", "g": 4, "o": 568, "f": 760, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "", "m": "ease; peace", "pm": "ease", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "隶", "nj": "れいづくり", "ne": "to capture"}], "hc": "ease; cave; sieve; rake; grains of rice", "hk": "sane", "hs": "Cave . . . sieve.", "ks": "A psychiatric hospital is located in a CAVE. To determine, which patients are <b>sane</b> and can be released, they are given a SIEVE and asked to empty a bathtub (the <b>sane</b> ones take out the plug and get the water out with <b>ease</b> ).", "v": [{"w": "健康", "rd": "けんこう", "mn": "health", "fr": 3161}, {"w": "健康的", "rd": "けんこうてき", "mn": "hygienic; healthy; healthful; sanitary", "fr": 10274}, {"w": "不健康", "rd": "ふけんこう", "mn": "poor health; ill health; unhealthy", "fr": 21618}, {"w": "健康診断", "rd": "けんこうしんだん", "mn": "health checkup; (general) medical examination; physical examination", "fr": 21804}, {"w": "健康保険", "rd": "けんこうほけん", "mn": "health insurance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "健康食品", "rd": "けんこうしょくひん", "mn": "health foods", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国民健康保険", "rd": "こくみんけんこうほけん", "mn": "national health insurance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "小康", "rd": "しょうこう", "mn": "lull; breathing spell; respite", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 4, "rp": 15, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "静", "g": 4, "o": 569, "f": 764, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ジョウ", "kun": "しず-、しず.か、しず.まる、しず.める", "m": "quiet", "pm": "quiet", "r": [{"c": "青", "nj": "あお", "ne": "blue"}, {"c": "争", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "contend"}], "hc": "blue; grow up; moon; flesh; contend; bound up; rake", "hk": "quiet", "hs": "<i>Blue</i> . . . <i>contend</i>. Do not confuse with <i>calm</i> (Frame 1230).", "ks": "When someone you know who is normally talkative goes <b>quiet</b> , it's usually a sign that they are <i>contending</i> with the <i>blues</i>.", "v": [{"w": "静か", "rd": "しずか", "mn": "quiet; silent", "fr": 1161}, {"w": "冷静", "rd": "れいせい", "mn": "calmness; composure; coolness; serenity; presence of mind", "fr": 1728}, {"w": "静寂", "rd": "せいじゃく", "mn": "silence; stillness; quietness", "fr": 6318}, {"w": "静まる", "rd": "しずまる", "mn": "to become quiet; to quiet down; to quieten down", "fr": 10296}, {"w": "静けさ", "rd": "しずけさ", "mn": "stillness; silence; quiet; hush; calm; serenity", "fr": 10414}, {"w": "平静", "rd": "へいせい", "mn": "calm; peace; serenity; tranquility; tranquillity", "fr": 11452}, {"w": "静止", "rd": "せいし", "mn": "stillness; rest; being stationary; standing still; coming to a standstill", "fr": 12406}, {"w": "安静", "rd": "あんせい", "mn": "rest; quiet; repose", "fr": 18388}, {"w": "静粛", "rd": "せいしゅく", "mn": "silent", "fr": 18890}, {"w": "静める", "rd": "しずめる", "mn": "to quiet (a child, crowd, etc.); to quieten; to make quiet", "fr": 19063}, {"w": "静観", "rd": "せいかん", "mn": "watchful waiting; careful supervision", "fr": 19345}, {"w": "動静", "rd": "どうせい", "mn": "state (of affairs); condition; developments; movements", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "沈静", "rd": "ちんせい", "mn": "settling down; quieting down; cooling down; cooling off", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "閑静", "rd": "かんせい", "mn": "quiet (e.g. neighbourhood); peaceful; tranquil", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "静岡", "rd": "しずおか", "mn": "Shizuoka (city, prefecture)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 117, "rp": 18, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "卒", "g": 4, "o": 570, "f": 772, "j": null, "on": "ソツ、シュツ", "kun": "そっ.する、お.える、お.わる、ついに、にわか", "m": "graduate; soldier; private; die", "pm": "graduate", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "从", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "two people"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "top hat; assembly line; person; ten; needle", "hk": "graduate", "hs": "Top hat . . . assembly line . . . needle.", "ks": "Ph.D graduation for assembly line of doctors( <i>needles</i> ) with the cap and tassel( <i>top hat</i> ). It took them <i>10 years</i> (Bachelor's, Masters, PhD) to get there…. :-p.", "v": [{"w": "卒業", "rd": "そつぎょう", "mn": "graduation; completion (of a course)", "fr": 1744}, {"w": "卒業式", "rd": "そつぎょうしき", "mn": "graduation ceremony; commencement", "fr": 11336}, {"w": "卒業後", "rd": "そつぎょうご", "mn": "after graduation", "fr": 12575}, {"w": "卒業生", "rd": "そつぎょうせい", "mn": "graduate; alumnus; alumna", "fr": 12856}, {"w": "何卒", "rd": "なにとぞ", "mn": "please; kindly; I beg of you; if it pleases you", "fr": 23943}, {"w": "中卒", "rd": "ちゅうそつ", "mn": "having graduated from junior high school (as one's highest completed level of ed", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大卒", "rd": "だいそつ", "mn": "university graduate; having graduated from university", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "学卒", "rd": "がくそつ", "mn": "college graduate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新卒", "rd": "しんそつ", "mn": "new graduate; recent graduate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脳卒中", "rd": "のうそっちゅう", "mn": "stroke; cerebral haemorrhage; cerebral hemorrhage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "高卒", "rd": "こうそつ", "mn": "having graduated from high school (as one's highest completed level of education", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 112, "rp": 27, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "順", "g": 4, "o": 571, "f": 779, "j": null, "on": "ジュン", "kun": "", "m": "obey; order; turn; right; docility; occasion", "pm": "obey", "r": [{"c": "川", "nj": "さんぼんがわ", "ne": "river"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "stream; flood; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "obey", "hs": "In primitive language, this character would read <i>stream</i> . . . <i>head</i>. And that turns out to be convenient for remembering its meaning of <b>obey</b>. Either one <b>obeys</b> the person who is <i>head</i> of an organization or else <b>obeys</b> by following the <i>stream</i> of opinion ( \"current\" practice, we call it). Both these senses come together in this kanji.", "ks": "Obey the orders streaming down from head office.", "v": [{"w": "順調", "rd": "じゅんちょう", "mn": "favourable; favorable; doing well; OK; all right", "fr": 2174}, {"w": "順番", "rd": "じゅんばん", "mn": "order; turn", "fr": 3203}, {"w": "順", "rd": "じゅん", "mn": "order; turn; sorting", "fr": 6723}, {"w": "手順", "rd": "てじゅん", "mn": "process; procedure; sequence; protocol; instruction", "fr": 7036}, {"w": "順に", "rd": "じゅんに", "mn": "in order; in turn; one by one", "fr": 9720}, {"w": "順序", "rd": "じゅんじょ", "mn": "order; sequence", "fr": 10641}, {"w": "順位", "rd": "じゅんい", "mn": "order; rank; position (e.g. in a race); precedence", "fr": 11206}, {"w": "順当", "rd": "じゅんとう", "mn": "proper; right; reasonable", "fr": 17478}, {"w": "順応", "rd": "じゅんのう", "mn": "adaptation; accommodation; conforming; adjustment", "fr": 19609}, {"w": "順次", "rd": "じゅんじ", "mn": "in order; sequential; seriatim", "fr": 24905}, {"w": "不順", "rd": "ふじゅん", "mn": "irregular; unseasonable; changeable; unsettled; abnormal", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "道順", "rd": "みちじゅん", "mn": "route; way; course; directions", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "アルファベット順", "rd": "アルファベットじゅん", "mn": "alphabetical order", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "打順", "rd": "だじゅん", "mn": "batting order; batting line-up", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "筆順", "rd": "ひつじゅん", "mn": "stroke order (esp. of a Chinese character)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 131, "rp": 10, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "博", "g": 4, "o": 572, "f": 794, "j": null, "on": "ハク、バク", "kun": "", "m": "Dr.; command; esteem; win acclaim; Ph.D.; exposition; fair", "pm": "Dr.", "r": [{"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "尃", "nj": "フ", "ne": "to state to"}], "hc": "ten; needle; acupuncturist; specialty; drop; ten; needle; rice field; brains; glue", "hk": "Dr.", "hs": "At the left we have the <i>needle</i> , at the right, the kanji for <i>specialty</i> , plus an extra <i>drop</i> at the top. Think of a <b>Dr.</b> who is a <i>specialist</i> with a <i>needle</i> (an acupuncturist) and let the <i>drop</i> at the top represent the period at the end of <b>Dr.</b> In principle we are trying to avoid this kind of device, which plays on abstract grammatical conventions, but I think you will agree, after you have had occasion to use the right side of this kanji in forming other kanji, that the exception is merited in this case.", "ks": "Needles are a Dr. 's specialty.", "v": [{"w": "博士", "rd": "はかせ", "mn": "expert; learned person", "fr": 7317}, {"w": "博物館", "rd": "はくぶつかん", "mn": "museum", "fr": 17352}, {"w": "博", "rd": "はく", "mn": "doctor; PhD", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "博多", "rd": "はかた", "mn": "Hakata (old but still commonly used name for Fukuoka)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "博学", "rd": "はくがく", "mn": "erudition; extensive learning", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "博愛", "rd": "はくあい", "mn": "charity; benevolence; philanthropy; (love for) humanity; fraternity; brotherhood", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "博物", "rd": "はくぶつ", "mn": "natural history", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "博覧会", "rd": "はくらんかい", "mn": "exhibition; exposition; expo; fair", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国立博物館", "rd": "こくりつはくぶつかん", "mn": "national museum", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "城", "g": 4, "o": 573, "f": 795, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ、セイ", "kun": "しろ", "m": "castle", "pm": "castle", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "成", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "turn into"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; turn into; parade; sword; dagger", "hk": "castle", "hs": "In this frame, we see a mound of <i>dirt</i> that is being <i>turned into</i> a <b>castle</b> (the way you may have done as a child playing on the beach).", "ks": "The sand <b>castle</b> is just the [soil](../v4/150.html) (#150 土) that <i>turns into</i> a <b>castle</b>.", "v": [{"w": "城", "rd": "しろ", "mn": "castle", "fr": 2728}, {"w": "城内", "rd": "じょうない", "mn": "inside of a castle", "fr": 20288}, {"w": "古城", "rd": "こじょう", "mn": "old castle; old fortress", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "城下町", "rd": "じょうかまち", "mn": "castle town", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "城主", "rd": "じょうしゅ", "mn": "lord of a castle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "城郭", "rd": "じょうかく", "mn": "castle; citadel; fortress", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "開城", "rd": "かいじょう", "mn": "surrender of a castle; surrender of a fortress; capitulation of a stronghold", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 72, "rp": 49, "l": 12, "n": ""}}, {"k": "老", "g": 4, "o": 574, "f": 803, "j": null, "on": "ロウ", "kun": "お.いる、ふ.ける", "m": "old man; old age; grow old", "pm": "old man", "r": [{"c": "耂", "nj": "おいかんむり", "ne": "old"}, {"c": "匕", "nj": "さじ", "ne": "spoon"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "old man", "hs": "First, do not confuse this character with <i>venerable old man</i> (Frame 849), which is far more rarely used. The character for an <b>old man</b> begins with an abbreviation of the character for <i>somebody</i> , the <i>nose</i> having been shortened into a simple crisscross of lines. But there is another, simpler way to remember it all: the <i>soil</i> drawn first indicates that one has come close to the age when  \"dust to dust\" begins to take on a personal meaning, the diagonal <i>walking stick</i> for getting around, and the <i>spoon</i> for being spoon- fed.", "ks": "Old man sits in the dirt, having a stroke.", "v": [{"w": "老人", "rd": "ろうじん", "mn": "old person; senior citizen; the aged; the elderly", "fr": 4038}, {"w": "老いる", "rd": "おいる", "mn": "to age; to grow old", "fr": 12296}, {"w": "老ける", "rd": "ふける", "mn": "to age; to grow old (esp. in appearance); to show marks of age", "fr": 13765}, {"w": "老婆", "rd": "ろうば", "mn": "old woman", "fr": 16439}, {"w": "長老", "rd": "ちょうろう", "mn": "elder; senior", "fr": 17497}, {"w": "老舗", "rd": "しにせ", "mn": "long-established shop; shop of long standing; old shop", "fr": 18081}, {"w": "老後", "rd": "ろうご", "mn": "old age", "fr": 19194}, {"w": "初老", "rd": "しょろう", "mn": "past middle age; nearing old age; near-elderly", "fr": 19852}, {"w": "老若男女", "rd": "ろうにゃくなんにょ", "mn": "men and women of all ages", "fr": 20223}, {"w": "老い", "rd": "おい", "mn": "old age; ageing; aging", "fr": 24115}, {"w": "老衰", "rd": "ろうすい", "mn": "senility; senile decay; infirmity (through age)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "元老", "rd": "げんろう", "mn": "elder statesman; doyen; old-timer; authority", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "敬老", "rd": "けいろう", "mn": "respect for the aged", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "海老", "rd": "えび", "mn": "prawn; shrimp; lobster", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "老人ホーム", "rd": "ろうじんホーム", "mn": "retirement home; old people's home; senior citizens' home", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 253, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "令", "g": 4, "o": 575, "f": 804, "j": null, "on": "レイ", "kun": "", "m": "orders; laws; command; decree; good", "pm": "orders", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "マ", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "meeting; chop-seal; hanko", "hk": "orders", "hs": "Meeting . . . chop-seal.", "ks": "(re: dingomick) \"These are your <b>orders</b> ,\" declares the general while passing out documents at the <i>meeting</i>. As everyone started to leave, the general exclaims \"Oh wait! I need to certify these <b>orders</b>!\" and went around stamping each paper with his personal <i>chop-seal</i>.", "v": [{"w": "命令", "rd": "めいれい", "mn": "order; command; decree; directive", "fr": 1403}, {"w": "指令", "rd": "しれい", "mn": "order; directive; instructions; command", "fr": 9797}, {"w": "号令", "rd": "ごうれい", "mn": "order (esp. to a number of people); command", "fr": 12983}, {"w": "令嬢", "rd": "れいじょう", "mn": "(your) daughter; young woman", "fr": 14345}, {"w": "令", "rd": "れい", "mn": "command; order; dictation", "fr": 18779}, {"w": "発令", "rd": "はつれい", "mn": "official announcement; proclamation; issuance (of an order, ordinance, or warnin", "fr": 20129}, {"w": "司令官", "rd": "しれいかん", "mn": "commandant; commanding officer; general", "fr": 20272}, {"w": "司令", "rd": "しれい", "mn": "command; commander; commandant", "fr": 23110}, {"w": "仮令", "rd": "たとえ", "mn": "even if; no matter (what); if; though; although; supposing; supposing that; -eve", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "令和", "rd": "れいわ", "mn": "Reiwa era (May 1, 2019-)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "令状", "rd": "れいじょう", "mn": "warrant; summons; written order", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "司令部", "rd": "しれいぶ", "mn": "headquarters", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "戒厳令", "rd": "かいげんれい", "mn": "martial law", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "政令", "rd": "せいれい", "mn": "government ordinance; cabinet order", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "法令", "rd": "ほうれい", "mn": "statute; law; act; ordinance; regulation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 20, "rp": 26, "l": 4, "n": "命　めい 令　れい"}}, {"k": "徒", "g": 4, "o": 576, "f": 817, "j": null, "on": "ト", "kun": "いたずら、あだ", "m": "on foot; junior; emptiness; vanity; futility; uselessness; ephemeral thing; gang; set; party; people", "pm": "on foot", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "走", "nj": "はしる", "ne": "to run"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; run; soil; dirt; ground; mend", "hk": "junior", "hs": "Line . . . run.", "ks": "The <b>junior</b> employee is always <i>RUNNING</i> around <i>GOING</i> here and there for his superiors.", "v": [{"w": "生徒", "rd": "せいと", "mn": "pupil; student; schoolchild", "fr": 1696}, {"w": "徒歩", "rd": "とほ", "mn": "walking; going on foot", "fr": 8542}, {"w": "信徒", "rd": "しんと", "mn": "layman; believer; adherent; follower; laity", "fr": 15116}, {"w": "使徒", "rd": "しと", "mn": "apostle; disciple", "fr": 24735}, {"w": "学徒", "rd": "がくと", "mn": "student; follower; students and pupils", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "徒労", "rd": "とろう", "mn": "fruitless effort; wasted effort; abortive scheme; futility", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "教徒", "rd": "きょうと", "mn": "believer; adherent", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暴徒", "rd": "ぼうと", "mn": "rioters; mob; insurgents", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 75, "rp": 35, "l": 6, "n": "生徒 走る"}}, {"k": "貨", "g": 4, "o": 577, "f": 822, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "たから", "m": "freight; goods; property", "pm": "freight", "r": [{"c": "化", "nj": "カ", "ne": "change"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "change; person; spoon; sitting on the ground; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "freight", "hs": "Change . . . shells.", "ks": "Countries like to change money by trading freight.", "v": [{"w": "金貨", "rd": "きんか", "mn": "gold coin", "fr": 19695}, {"w": "硬貨", "rd": "こうか", "mn": "coin", "fr": 22292}, {"w": "雑貨", "rd": "ざっか", "mn": "miscellaneous goods; general goods; sundries", "fr": 23454}, {"w": "外貨", "rd": "がいか", "mn": "foreign currency; foreign money; foreign exchange", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "貨幣", "rd": "かへい", "mn": "money; currency; coin", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "貨物", "rd": "かもつ", "mn": "cargo; freight", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "通貨", "rd": "つうか", "mn": "currency", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "銅貨", "rd": "どうか", "mn": "copper coin", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "百貨店", "rd": "ひゃっかてん", "mn": "department store", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貨幣価値", "rd": "かへいかち", "mn": "currency value", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貨車", "rd": "かしゃ", "mn": "freight car; van", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "銀貨", "rd": "ぎんか", "mn": "silver coin", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 11, "rp": 23, "l": 4, "n": "貨物 貸す"}}, {"k": "奈", "g": 4, "o": 578, "f": 841, "j": null, "on": "ナ、ナイ、ダイ", "kun": "いかん、からなし", "m": "Nara; what?", "pm": "Nara", "r": [{"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}, {"c": "示", "nj": "しめす", "ne": "altar"}], "hc": "nara; large; St. Bernard; altar; show; two; small", "hk": "Nara", "hs": "We choose the city of <b>Nara</b> as the key word in this case because this kanji, frequently used in proper names, appears in <b>Nara</b> , and also because of <b>Nara's</b> famed religious monuments, which help us with the primitives: <i>St. Bernard dog</i> . . . <i>altar</i>.", "ks": "Nara is just a big show for tourists.", "v": [{"w": "奈良", "rd": "なら", "mn": "Nara (city, prefecture)", "fr": 54}], "p": null}, {"k": "季", "g": 4, "o": 579, "f": 842, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "", "m": "seasons", "pm": "seasons", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "子", "nj": "こ", "ne": "child"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; child", "hk": "seasons", "hs": "Wheat . . . child.", "ks": "There's a season for planting wheat and there's mating season for having children.", "v": [{"w": "季節", "rd": "きせつ", "mn": "season; time of year", "fr": 2836}, {"w": "四季", "rd": "しき", "mn": "the four seasons", "fr": 22840}, {"w": "季刊", "rd": "きかん", "mn": "quarterly publication", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "乾季", "rd": "かんき", "mn": "dry season", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "今季", "rd": "こんき", "mn": "this season", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "冬季", "rd": "とうき", "mn": "winter season; winter", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "夏季", "rd": "かき", "mn": "summer season; summer; summertime", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "季節風", "rd": "きせつふう", "mn": "seasonal winds", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "季語", "rd": "きご", "mn": "seasonal word (in haiku)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "春季", "rd": "しゅんき", "mn": "spring season", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "秋季", "rd": "しゅうき", "mn": "fall season; autumn season", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雨季", "rd": "うき", "mn": "rainy season", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 49, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "功", "g": 4, "o": 580, "f": 857, "j": null, "on": "コウ、ク", "kun": "いさお", "m": "achievement; merits; success; honor; credit", "pm": "achievement", "r": [{"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "craft; powered; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "achievement", "hs": "Craft . . . power.", "ks": "The great <b>achievement</b> s of humankind, were <i>crafts</i> completed by <i>muscle power</i> : the pyramids, the Eiffel tower, etc.", "v": [{"w": "成功", "rd": "せいこう", "mn": "success; achievement", "fr": 978}, {"w": "大成功", "rd": "だいせいこう", "mn": "great success; huge success", "fr": 6278}, {"w": "功績", "rd": "こうせき", "mn": "achievement; meritorious deed; distinguished service; contribution", "fr": 8194}, {"w": "功労", "rd": "こうろう", "mn": "meritorious deed; services", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "功名", "rd": "こうみょう", "mn": "great achievement; glorious deed; (gaining) fame; (earning) distinction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "奏功", "rd": "そうこう", "mn": "success; achievement; fruition", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "年功", "rd": "ねんこう", "mn": "long service", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "年功序列", "rd": "ねんこうじょれつ", "mn": "seniority by length of service", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "香", "g": 4, "o": 581, "f": 859, "j": null, "on": "コウ、キョウ", "kun": "か、かお.り、かお.る", "m": "incense; smell; perfume", "pm": "incense", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; sun; day", "hk": "incense", "hs": "Wheat . . . sun.", "ks": "When the sun burns the wheat a smell of incense remains in the air.", "v": [{"w": "香り", "rd": "かおり", "mn": "aroma; fragrance; scent; smell", "fr": 2034}, {"w": "香水", "rd": "こうすい", "mn": "perfume; scent", "fr": 8708}, {"w": "香ばしい", "rd": "こうばしい", "mn": "aromatic (roasted beans, roasted tea, etc.); fragrant (e.g. burning wood); pleas", "fr": 11897}, {"w": "香る", "rd": "かおる", "mn": "to smell sweet; to be fragrant", "fr": 13547}, {"w": "線香", "rd": "せんこう", "mn": "incense stick", "fr": 21927}, {"w": "香港", "rd": "ホンコン", "mn": "Hong Kong", "fr": 23233}, {"w": "香辛料", "rd": "こうしんりょう", "mn": "spice; spices; condiment", "fr": 24740}, {"w": "芳香", "rd": "ほうこう", "mn": "perfume; fragrance; aroma; balm; sweet scent", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "香料", "rd": "こうりょう", "mn": "flavoring; flavouring; spices", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "香気", "rd": "こうき", "mn": "fragrance", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "欠", "g": 4, "o": 582, "f": 860, "j": null, "on": "ケツ、ケン", "kun": "か.ける、か.く", "m": "lack; gap; fail; yawning radical (no. 76)", "pm": "lack", "r": [{"c": "欠", "nj": "あくび", "ne": "to lack"}], "hc": "yawn", "hk": "lack", "hs": "The pictograph hidden in this character is of someone yawning. The first stroke shows the head thrown back, the second, the arm bent at the elbow as the hand reaches up to cover the mouth, and the last two, the legs. Since yawning shows a <b>lack</b> of something (psychologically, interest, physiologically, sleep), the connection is plain to see.", "ks": "When your body lack s oxygen you yawn.", "v": [{"w": "欠ける", "rd": "かける", "mn": "to chip; to be chipped; to break (off); to be damaged", "fr": 3036}, {"w": "欠片", "rd": "かけら", "mn": "fragment; broken piece; chip; splinter; shard", "fr": 7020}, {"w": "欠かす", "rd": "かかす", "mn": "to miss (doing); to fail (to do)", "fr": 7487}, {"w": "欠点", "rd": "けってん", "mn": "fault; defect; flaw; weak point; weakness; shortcoming; drawback", "fr": 7708}, {"w": "不可欠", "rd": "ふかけつ", "mn": "indispensable; essential", "fr": 8932}, {"w": "欠席", "rd": "けっせき", "mn": "absence; non-attendance", "fr": 9393}, {"w": "欠く", "rd": "かく", "mn": "to chip; to nick; to break; to crack", "fr": 9825}, {"w": "欠陥", "rd": "けっかん", "mn": "defect; fault; flaw; deformity; deficiency; shortage; gap", "fr": 14709}, {"w": "欠伸", "rd": "あくび", "mn": "yawn; yawning", "fr": 18102}, {"w": "欠如", "rd": "けつじょ", "mn": "lack; absence; shortage; deficiency; privation", "fr": 22798}, {"w": "欠損", "rd": "けっそん", "mn": "deficit; shortage; loss", "fr": 24296}, {"w": "欠乏", "rd": "けつぼう", "mn": "deficiency; insufficiency; shortage; lack; want; dearth; scarcity", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "出欠", "rd": "しゅっけつ", "mn": "attendance or absence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "欠員", "rd": "けついん", "mn": "vacant position; vacancy; opening; unfilled position", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "欠場", "rd": "けつじょう", "mn": "absence; not taking part", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 89, "rp": 36, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "底", "g": 4, "o": 583, "f": 867, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "そこ", "m": "bottom; sole; depth; bottom price; base; kind; sort", "pm": "bottom", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "氐", "nj": "テイ", "ne": "name of an ancient tribe"}], "hc": "cave; calling card; family name; one; floor", "hk": "bottom", "hs": "Cave . . . calling card.", "ks": "I put all those useless <i>business cards</i> at the <b>bottom</b> of a <i>cave</i>.", "v": [{"w": "底", "rd": "そこ", "mn": "bottom; sole", "fr": 2275}, {"w": "徹底的", "rd": "てっていてき", "mn": "thorough; exhaustive; complete", "fr": 3210}, {"w": "到底", "rd": "とうてい", "mn": "(cannot) possibly; (not) by any means; (not) at all; utterly; absolutely", "fr": 4403}, {"w": "徹底", "rd": "てってい", "mn": "thoroughness; completeness; consistency", "fr": 5485}, {"w": "根底", "rd": "こんてい", "mn": "root; basis; foundation", "fr": 14324}, {"w": "海底", "rd": "かいてい", "mn": "bottom of the ocean; seafloor; seabed", "fr": 16615}, {"w": "底辺", "rd": "ていへん", "mn": "base (of a polygon)", "fr": 17590}, {"w": "底力", "rd": "そこぢから", "mn": "hidden reserves of strength; latent energy; potentiality; real strength", "fr": 24870}, {"w": "底値", "rd": "そこね", "mn": "bottom price", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "底入れ", "rd": "そこいれ", "mn": "bottoming out (of prices)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "底打ち", "rd": "そこうち", "mn": "bottoming out", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "底流", "rd": "ていりゅう", "mn": "undercurrent", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "谷底", "rd": "たにぞこ", "mn": "valley floor; bottom of a gorge; bottom of a ravine", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 37, "rp": 14, "l": 0, "n": "底 低い 紙📜"}}, {"k": "養", "g": 4, "o": 584, "f": 888, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ、リョウ", "kun": "やしな.う", "m": "foster; bring up; rear; develop; nurture", "pm": "foster", "r": [{"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}, {"c": "食", "nj": "しょく", "ne": "food"}], "hc": "sheep; eat; food; umbrella; good; halo; drop; silver", "hk": "foster", "hs": "<i>Sheep</i> . . . <i>food</i>. The key word has the sense of promoting the development of something, especially in a psychological or spiritual sense.", "ks": "A sheep became the <b>foster</b> parent for a wolf pup, feeding it with milk. This story cannot end well…", "v": [{"w": "栄養", "rd": "えいよう", "mn": "nutrition; nourishment", "fr": 4734}, {"w": "養う", "rd": "やしなう", "mn": "to support; to maintain; to provide for", "fr": 7193}, {"w": "養子", "rd": "ようし", "mn": "adopted child (usu. male); son-in-law", "fr": 11350}, {"w": "教養", "rd": "きょうよう", "mn": "(understanding or appreciation of) culture; (one's) education; cultivation; soph", "fr": 15019}, {"w": "療養", "rd": "りょうよう", "mn": "recuperation; medical treatment", "fr": 15056}, {"w": "休養", "rd": "きゅうよう", "mn": "rest; relaxation; recreation; recuperation; convalescence", "fr": 16928}, {"w": "供養", "rd": "くよう", "mn": "memorial service for the dead; holding a service", "fr": 19033}, {"w": "保養", "rd": "ほよう", "mn": "health preservation; recuperation; recreation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "扶養", "rd": "ふよう", "mn": "support (e.g. of one's dependents); maintenance", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "養成", "rd": "ようせい", "mn": "training; education; development; cultivation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "養護", "rd": "ようご", "mn": "nursing; (protective) care", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "保養所", "rd": "ほようじょ", "mn": "recreation facility (usu. corporate-owned and for the exclusive use of the corpo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "培養", "rd": "ばいよう", "mn": "culture; cultivation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "栄養士", "rd": "えいようし", "mn": "dietitian; (licensed) nutritionist", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "栄養失調", "rd": "えいようしっちょう", "mn": "malnutrition", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "街", "g": 4, "o": 585, "f": 891, "j": null, "on": "ガイ、カイ", "kun": "まち", "m": "boulevard; street; town", "pm": "boulevard", "r": [{"c": "行", "nj": "ぎょうがまえ", "ne": "to go"}, {"c": "圭", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "square jewel"}], "hc": "going; ivy; square jewel; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "boulevard", "hs": "This is the character from which the sense of <b>boulevard</b> mentioned in frame 938 derives. Its elements: <i>boulevard</i> . . . <i>ivy</i>.", "ks": "Specifically… ivy boulevard … think hollywood & vine.", "v": [{"w": "街", "rd": "がい", "mn": "street; quarter; district; area", "fr": 1079}, {"w": "商店街", "rd": "しょうてんがい", "mn": "shopping district; shopping street; downtown", "fr": 6313}, {"w": "街道", "rd": "かいどう", "mn": "highway (esp. one existing from the Edo period); main road", "fr": 11252}, {"w": "街灯", "rd": "がいとう", "mn": "street light; streetlamp", "fr": 12352}, {"w": "住宅街", "rd": "じゅうたくがい", "mn": "residential area", "fr": 12432}, {"w": "繁華街", "rd": "はんかがい", "mn": "business district; shopping district; bustling street; shopping centre; shopping", "fr": 13639}, {"w": "市街地", "rd": "しがいち", "mn": "town area; urban area; metropolitan area; built-up area", "fr": 19196}, {"w": "街角", "rd": "まちかど", "mn": "street corner", "fr": 24204}, {"w": "市街", "rd": "しがい", "mn": "urban areas; the streets; town; city", "fr": 24491}, {"w": "街頭", "rd": "がいとう", "mn": "(on the) street", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "ウォール街", "rd": "ウォールがい", "mn": "Wall Street", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "中華街", "rd": "ちゅうかがい", "mn": "Chinatown", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歓楽街", "rd": "かんらくがい", "mn": "entertainment district; amusement area; pleasure quarter; red-light district", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "街づくり", "rd": "まちづくり", "mn": "town planning; urban development; community development; creating a community", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "街宣車", "rd": "がいせんしゃ", "mn": "sound truck (used for campaigning, advertising or propaganda); loudspeaker van; ", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 102, "rp": 10, "l": 1, "n": "街 術"}}, {"k": "願", "g": 4, "o": 586, "f": 894, "j": null, "on": "ガン", "kun": "ねが.う、-ねがい", "m": "petition; request; vow; wish; hope", "pm": "petition", "r": [{"c": "原", "nj": "ゲン", "ne": "meadow"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "meadow; cliff; white; dove; small; little; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "petition", "hs": "A <i>meadow</i> and a <i>head</i> are all we are given to work with in the kanji for <b>petition</b>. Since the key word already suggests something like a formal request made of some higher power, let us imagine a gigantic Wizard-of-Oz <i>head</i> located in the middle of the flowery <i>meadow</i> we used in the last frame. Then just picture people kneeling hopefully before it, <b>petitioning</b> for whatever it is they want. (The scarecrow wanted brains, the lion, courage, and the tin man a heart. What about you?)", "ks": "Let's <b>petition</b> to save that beautiful MEADOW from overdevelopment by signing on this PAGE.", "v": [{"w": "願う", "rd": "ねがう", "mn": "to desire; to wish; to hope", "fr": 362}, {"w": "お願いします", "rd": "おねがいします", "mn": "please", "fr": 406}, {"w": "お願い", "rd": "おねがい", "mn": "request; favour (to ask); wish", "fr": 426}, {"w": "よろしくお願いします", "rd": "よろしくおねがいします", "mn": "please remember me; please help me; please treat me well; I look forward to work", "fr": 879}, {"w": "願い", "rd": "ねがい", "mn": "desire; wish; hope", "fr": 1741}, {"w": "よろしくお願いいたします", "rd": "よろしくおねがいいたします", "mn": "please remember me; please help me; please treat me well; I look forward to work", "fr": 5546}, {"w": "願望", "rd": "がんぼう", "mn": "desire; wish; aspiration", "fr": 6328}, {"w": "お願いいたします", "rd": "おねがいいたします", "mn": "please", "fr": 7037}, {"w": "懇願", "rd": "こんがん", "mn": "pleading; entreaty; supplication; petition", "fr": 7174}, {"w": "念願", "rd": "ねんがん", "mn": "one's heart's desire; one's dearest wish", "fr": 9517}, {"w": "志願", "rd": "しがん", "mn": "aspiration; volunteering; desire; application", "fr": 12275}, {"w": "悲願", "rd": "ひがん", "mn": "one's dearest wish", "fr": 14463}, {"w": "お願い致します", "rd": "おねがいいたします", "mn": "please", "fr": 15209}, {"w": "願", "rd": "がん", "mn": "prayer; wish; vow", "fr": 17633}, {"w": "祈願", "rd": "きがん", "mn": "prayer (for something); supplication", "fr": 19723}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 280, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "希", "g": 4, "o": 587, "f": 896, "j": null, "on": "キ、ケ", "kun": "まれ、こいねが.う", "m": "hope; beg; request; pray; beseech; Greece; dilute (acid); rare; few; phenomenal", "pm": "hope", "r": [{"c": "乂", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "mow"}, {"c": "布", "nj": "フ", "ne": "linen"}], "hc": "sheaf; linen; by one’s side; towel", "hk": "hope", "hs": "Sheaf . . . linen.", "ks": "Wolverine (sheaf, see [reap](../v4/1488.html) (#1488 刈)) <b>hope</b> s they invent linen sheets that he won't keep shredding in his sleep.", "v": [{"w": "希望", "rd": "きぼう", "mn": "hope; wish; aspiration", "fr": 1008}, {"w": "希少", "rd": "きしょう", "mn": "scarce; rare", "fr": 16473}, {"w": "希薄", "rd": "きはく", "mn": "thin (air); weak (liquid); dilute; sparse (population); rarefied", "fr": 17796}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 165, "rp": 20, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "笑", "g": 4, "o": 588, "f": 913, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "わら.う、え.む", "m": "laugh", "pm": "laugh", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "夭", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "early death"}], "hc": "bamboo; heavens", "hk": "laugh", "hs": "Bamboo . . . heavens.", "ks": "That Panda is in bamboo heaven! Just look at him laugh!", "v": [{"w": "笑う", "rd": "わらう", "mn": "to laugh", "fr": 329}, {"w": "笑顔", "rd": "えがお", "mn": "smiling face; smile", "fr": 880}, {"w": "笑い", "rd": "わらい", "mn": "laugh; laughter", "fr": 2458}, {"w": "笑い声", "rd": "わらいごえ", "mn": "(sound of) laughter; laughing voice", "fr": 2478}, {"w": "微笑む", "rd": "ほほえむ", "mn": "to smile", "fr": 3680}, {"w": "笑み", "rd": "えみ", "mn": "smile", "fr": 3756}, {"w": "苦笑", "rd": "くしょう", "mn": "bitter smile; wry smile; strained laugh; sarcastic laugh", "fr": 5565}, {"w": "苦笑い", "rd": "にがわらい", "mn": "bitter smile; wry smile; forced smile; strained laugh", "fr": 7543}, {"w": "微笑", "rd": "びしょう", "mn": "smile", "fr": 8313}, {"w": "談笑", "rd": "だんしょう", "mn": "friendly chat; pleasant chat; lighthearted talk; friendly conversation", "fr": 10824}, {"w": "大笑い", "rd": "おおわらい", "mn": "great laughter; burst of laughter", "fr": 13836}, {"w": "爆笑", "rd": "ばくしょう", "mn": "roar of laughter (from multiple people); burst of laughter; uproarious laughter", "fr": 15106}, {"w": "作り笑い", "rd": "つくりわらい", "mn": "forced laugh; forced smile", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "冷笑", "rd": "れいしょう", "mn": "sneer; derision; scornful laugh; cold smile", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 98, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "束", "g": 4, "o": 589, "f": 918, "j": null, "on": "ソク", "kun": "たば、たば.ねる、つか、つか.ねる", "m": "bundle; sheaf; ream; tie in bundles; govern; manage; control", "pm": "bundle", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "Chaplin; tree; wood; mouth", "hk": "bundle", "hs": "In the same way that we were able to see the <i>sun</i> in the <i>tree</i> within the kanji for <i>east</i> , here we see a square container in the shape of a <i>mouth</i>.", "ks": "A bundle of some kind has been stuffed into the opening of a tree.", "v": [{"w": "約束", "rd": "やくそく", "mn": "promise; agreement; arrangement; one's word; contract; pact", "fr": 399}, {"w": "拘束", "rd": "こうそく", "mn": "restriction; restraint; binding; constraint", "fr": 4034}, {"w": "束", "rd": "たば", "mn": "bundle; bunch; sheaf", "fr": 6499}, {"w": "束ねる", "rd": "たばねる", "mn": "to tie up in a bundle (e.g. straw, hair, bills, letters); to bundle; to sheathe", "fr": 8691}, {"w": "約束通り", "rd": "やくそくどおり", "mn": "as promised", "fr": 9420}, {"w": "花束", "rd": "はなたば", "mn": "bunch of flowers; bouquet", "fr": 10761}, {"w": "束縛", "rd": "そくばく", "mn": "restraint; restriction; fetters; yoke; shackles", "fr": 11642}, {"w": "束の間", "rd": "つかのま", "mn": "moment; brief space of time", "fr": 12019}, {"w": "結束", "rd": "けっそく", "mn": "union; unity; solidarity", "fr": 12758}, {"w": "札束", "rd": "さつたば", "mn": "bundle of banknotes; stack of bills", "fr": 21601}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 28, "rp": 72, "l": 12, "n": "約束 練習 東京"}}, {"k": "仲", "g": 4, "o": 590, "f": 919, "j": null, "on": "チュウ", "kun": "なか", "m": "go-between; relationship", "pm": "go-between", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "中", "nj": "チュウ", "ne": "in"}], "hc": "person; in; stick; mouth", "hk": "go-between", "hs": "Person . . . in.", "ks": "Go- between The person in the middle.", "v": [{"w": "仲間", "rd": "なかま", "mn": "companion; fellow; friend; mate; comrade; partner; colleague; coworker; associat", "fr": 567}, {"w": "仲良く", "rd": "なかよく", "mn": "on good terms (with); on friendly terms (with); (getting along) well; in harmony", "fr": 1433}, {"w": "仲", "rd": "なか", "mn": "relation; relationship", "fr": 1434}, {"w": "仲直り", "rd": "なかなおり", "mn": "reconciliation; making up (with); making peace (with); being friends again; patc", "fr": 4142}, {"w": "仲良し", "rd": "なかよし", "mn": "close friendship; close friend; good friend; bosom buddy; chum; pal", "fr": 4523}, {"w": "仲間たち", "rd": "なかまたち", "mn": "companions; friends; comrades; mates; partners", "fr": 5624}, {"w": "仲間入り", "rd": "なかまいり", "mn": "joining (a group); becoming a member (of); joining the ranks (of)", "fr": 13958}, {"w": "仲裁", "rd": "ちゅうさい", "mn": "arbitration; intercession; mediation", "fr": 14694}, {"w": "仲介", "rd": "ちゅうかい", "mn": "agency; intermediation", "fr": 16968}, {"w": "仲人", "rd": "なこうど", "mn": "matchmaker", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "不仲", "rd": "ふなか", "mn": "discord; (on) bad terms (with)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "仲買", "rd": "なかがい", "mn": "brokerage; broker", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "伯仲", "rd": "はくちゅう", "mn": "being evenly matched; being equal with; being on a par with; being well conteste", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "犬猿の仲", "rd": "けんえんのなか", "mn": "like cats and dogs; (on) very bad terms", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 120, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "栄", "g": 4, "o": 591, "f": 920, "j": null, "on": "エイ、ヨウ", "kun": "さか.える、は.え、-ば.え、は.える、え", "m": "flourish; prosperity; honor; glory; splendor", "pm": "flourish", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "schoolhouse; owl; crown; tree; wood", "hk": "flourish", "hs": "The botanical connotations of the word <b>flourish</b> (to bud and burst into bloom, much as a <i>tree</i> does) are part of the ideal of the <i>schoolhouse</i> as well.", "ks": "Within the schoolhouse , the tree of knowledge does flourish.", "v": [{"w": "光栄", "rd": "こうえい", "mn": "honour; honor; glory; privilege", "fr": 2890}, {"w": "栄養", "rd": "えいよう", "mn": "nutrition; nourishment", "fr": 4734}, {"w": "栄光", "rd": "えいこう", "mn": "glory", "fr": 8699}, {"w": "繁栄", "rd": "はんえい", "mn": "prosperity; thriving; flourishing", "fr": 10944}, {"w": "栄える", "rd": "さかえる", "mn": "to prosper; to flourish; to thrive", "fr": 12454}, {"w": "見栄え", "rd": "みばえ", "mn": "good outward appearance; looking nice; being attractive; making a fine show", "fr": 15339}, {"w": "見栄", "rd": "みえ", "mn": "show; display; pretensions; appearances; ostentation; vanity", "fr": 17366}, {"w": "栄誉", "rd": "えいよ", "mn": "honour; honor", "fr": 18354}, {"w": "共栄", "rd": "きょうえい", "mn": "mutual prosperity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "栄え", "rd": "はえ", "mn": "glory; splendour; honour", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "栄冠", "rd": "えいかん", "mn": "laurels; garland", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "栄枯", "rd": "えいこ", "mn": "vicissitudes; ups and downs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "栄養士", "rd": "えいようし", "mn": "dietitian; (licensed) nutritionist", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "栄養失調", "rd": "えいようしっちょう", "mn": "malnutrition", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "栄養学", "rd": "えいようがく", "mn": "dietetics; nutritional science", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 18, "rp": 22, "l": 2, "n": "栄える 苦労"}}, {"k": "札", "g": 4, "o": 592, "f": 921, "j": null, "on": "サツ", "kun": "ふだ", "m": "tag; paper money; counter for bonds; placard; bid", "pm": "tag", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "乙", "nj": "おつ", "ne": "the second"}], "hc": "tree; wood; fishhook", "hk": "tag", "hs": "The <b>tags</b> you see hanging on <i>trees</i> in public places in Japan are helpful to identify what sort of <i>trees</i> they are. Next time you see one, imagine the bit of wire that fixes the <b>tag</b> to the branch as a large <i>fishhook</i>. REALLY imagine it, illogical as it is, and you will never have trouble with this kanji again.", "ks": "Botanists like to identify TREEs by HOOKing <b>tag</b> s on them.", "v": [{"w": "切り札", "rd": "きりふだ", "mn": "trump; trump card", "fr": 6994}, {"w": "札", "rd": "さつ", "mn": "banknote; bill; note; paper money", "fr": 8064}, {"w": "改札", "rd": "かいさつ", "mn": "examination of tickets", "fr": 18207}, {"w": "札束", "rd": "さつたば", "mn": "bundle of banknotes; stack of bills", "fr": 21601}, {"w": "表札", "rd": "ひょうさつ", "mn": "nameplate; doorplate", "fr": 22166}, {"w": "名札", "rd": "なふだ", "mn": "name plate; name tag; label", "fr": 23894}, {"w": "入札", "rd": "にゅうさつ", "mn": "bid; tender; bidding", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "千円札", "rd": "せんえんさつ", "mn": "1,000 yen bill", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "応札", "rd": "おうさつ", "mn": "making a bid; tendering a bid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "改札口", "rd": "かいさつぐち", "mn": "ticket barrier; ticket gate; wicket", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "札幌", "rd": "さっぽろ", "mn": "Sapporo (city in Hokkaido)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "立て札", "rd": "たてふだ", "mn": "sign on a post (usu. wooden and with a small roof, containing information about ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "競争入札", "rd": "きょうそうにゅうさつ", "mn": "competitive bidding (esp. for government contracts)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "荷札", "rd": "にふだ", "mn": "label; tag", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "落札", "rd": "らくさつ", "mn": "successful bid; winning a tender", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 40, "rp": 35, "l": 4, "n": "札幌 机"}}, {"k": "沖", "g": 4, "o": 593, "f": 929, "j": null, "on": "チュウ", "kun": "おき、おきつ、ちゅう.する、わく", "m": "open sea; offing; rise high into sky", "pm": "open sea", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "中", "nj": "チュウ", "ne": "in"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; in; stick; mouth", "hk": "open sea", "hs": "This kanji could hardly be simpler. The key word <b>open sea</b> readily suggests being out <i>in the middle of</i> a great body of <i>water</i> .Thinking of it in this way should avoid confusion with the kanji for  \"open,\" which we will meet later on.", "ks": "<b>Open sea</b> is a lot of water in the middle of nowhere.", "v": [{"w": "沖", "rd": "おき", "mn": "open sea", "fr": 11081}, {"w": "沖縄", "rd": "おきなわ", "mn": "Okinawa (city, prefecture)", "fr": 12256}, {"w": "沖合", "rd": "おきあい", "mn": "off the coast; offshore; out at sea", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "借", "g": 4, "o": 594, "f": 932, "j": null, "on": "シャク", "kun": "か.りる", "m": "borrow; rent", "pm": "borrow", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "昔", "nj": "セキ", "ne": "once upon a time"}], "hc": "person; once upon a time; storyteller; salad; sun; day", "hk": "borrow", "hs": "Person . . . once upon a time.", "ks": "<i>Once upon a time</i> I let <i>Mr T</i> <b>borrow</b> my <i>salad</i> bowl, but he won't give it back. \"This be mine now, foo!\".", "v": [{"w": "借りる", "rd": "かりる", "mn": "to borrow", "fr": 719}, {"w": "借金", "rd": "しゃっきん", "mn": "debt; loan; liabilities; borrowing money", "fr": 3839}, {"w": "借り", "rd": "かり", "mn": "borrowing; debt; loan", "fr": 5681}, {"w": "拝借", "rd": "はいしゃく", "mn": "borrowing", "fr": 10857}, {"w": "借り入れ", "rd": "かりいれ", "mn": "borrowing (money)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "借入金", "rd": "かりいれきん", "mn": "loan; loan payable; debt", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "借地", "rd": "しゃくち", "mn": "leased land", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "借家", "rd": "しゃくや", "mn": "rented house; house for rent", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "借款", "rd": "しゃっかん", "mn": "loan (esp. between governments)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "前借り", "rd": "まえがり", "mn": "getting an advance (on one's salary)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貸借", "rd": "たいしゃく", "mn": "loan; debit and credit; lending and borrowing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賃借", "rd": "ちんしゃく", "mn": "renting; rental; hiring; leasing (from)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "間借り", "rd": "まがり", "mn": "renting a room", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 80, "l": 16, "n": "昔"}}, {"k": "節", "g": 4, "o": 595, "f": 934, "j": null, "on": "セツ、セチ", "kun": "ふし、-ぶし、のっと", "m": "node; season; period; occasion; verse; clause; stanza; honor; joint; knuckle; knob; knot; tune; melody", "pm": "node", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "即", "nj": "ソク", "ne": "instant"}], "hc": "bamboo; instant; silver; stamp", "hk": "node", "hs": "Bamboo . . . instant.", "ks": "Counting the <b>node</b> s on <i>bamboo</i> is an <i>instant</i> way to tell its age.", "v": [{"w": "季節", "rd": "きせつ", "mn": "season; time of year", "fr": 2836}, {"w": "節", "rd": "せつ", "mn": "occasion; time", "fr": 7697}, {"w": "関節", "rd": "かんせつ", "mn": "joint", "fr": 7988}, {"w": "節約", "rd": "せつやく", "mn": "economising; saving", "fr": 9657}, {"w": "お節介", "rd": "おせっかい", "mn": "meddling; meddlesomeness; nosiness; interference; officiousness", "fr": 11404}, {"w": "調節", "rd": "ちょうせつ", "mn": "regulation; adjustment; control", "fr": 12371}, {"w": "節度", "rd": "せつど", "mn": "moderation; standard", "fr": 17659}, {"w": "節操", "rd": "せっそう", "mn": "integrity; fidelity; constancy; principle; faithfulness; honor; honour", "fr": 18902}, {"w": "一節", "rd": "いっせつ", "mn": "one passage; one paragraph; one stanza; one verse; one section (of a piece of mu", "fr": 20631}, {"w": "お節", "rd": "おせち", "mn": "osechi", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "使節", "rd": "しせつ", "mn": "envoy; ambassador; delegate; emissary; mission", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "削り節", "rd": "けずりぶし", "mn": "flaked bonito", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国慶節", "rd": "こっけいせつ", "mn": "anniversary of founding (of PRC); national celebration time", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "季節風", "rd": "きせつふう", "mn": "seasonal winds", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "時節", "rd": "じせつ", "mn": "season", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 43, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "包", "g": 4, "o": 596, "f": 954, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "つつ.む、くる.む", "m": "wrap; pack up; cover; conceal", "pm": "wrap", "r": [{"c": "勹", "nj": "つつみがまえ", "ne": "to wrap"}, {"c": "己", "nj": "おのれ", "ne": "self"}], "hc": "bound up; snake; self", "hk": "wrap", "hs": "Bind up . . . snake.", "ks": "The <i>snake</i> <i>bound up</i> its prey by <b>wrapping</b> his body around it.", "v": [{"w": "包む", "rd": "つつむ", "mn": "to wrap up; to pack; to bundle; to do up", "fr": 1833}, {"w": "包み込む", "rd": "つつみこむ", "mn": "to wrap up", "fr": 5278}, {"w": "包丁", "rd": "ほうちょう", "mn": "kitchen knife", "fr": 5537}, {"w": "包帯", "rd": "ほうたい", "mn": "bandage; dressing", "fr": 7710}, {"w": "包囲", "rd": "ほうい", "mn": "siege; encirclement; envelopment; surrounding; besiegement", "fr": 8713}, {"w": "包み", "rd": "つつみ", "mn": "bundle; package; parcel", "fr": 9924}, {"w": "包容力", "rd": "ほうようりょく", "mn": "tolerance; broad-mindedness", "fr": 20377}, {"w": "包装", "rd": "ほうそう", "mn": "packing; wrapping", "fr": 20745}, {"w": "内包", "rd": "ないほう", "mn": "connotation; comprehension; intension", "fr": 20983}, {"w": "小包", "rd": "こづつみ", "mn": "parcel; package", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "包み紙", "rd": "つつみがみ", "mn": "wrapping paper", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "包含", "rd": "ほうがん", "mn": "inclusion; comprehension; implication; containing; covering", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "包括", "rd": "ほうかつ", "mn": "inclusion; complete coverage; comprehensiveness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "梱包", "rd": "こんぽう", "mn": "packing; crating; packaging", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 117, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "鹿", "g": 4, "o": 597, "f": 957, "j": null, "on": "ロク", "kun": "しか、か", "m": "deer", "pm": "deer", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "比", "nj": "くらべる", "ne": "to compare"}], "hc": "cave; antlers; compare; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "deer", "hs": "Drawn on the walls of a complex of <i>caves</i> near Niaux in southern France are a number of animal likenesses dating from the Upper Paleolithic period. Among them we find pictures of <b>deer</b> , some of them showing men in <b>deer</b> masks. By <i>comparing</i> their drawings to real <b>deer</b> , Stone Age people hoped to acquire power over the animal in the hunt, and by <i>comparing</i> themselves to the <b>deer</b> , to take on that animal's characteristics. But time has locked with a \"double- <i>key</i> \" (the extra stroke through the element for <i>key</i> ) the real secret of this art form from us, and we can only surmise such meanings. But more important than the enigmas of the troglodytic mind is the way in which <i>caves</i> , a double- <i>key</i> , and <i>comparing</i> gives us the kanji for <b>deer</b>.", "ks": "<i>Bambi</i> wanders into a <i>cave</i> and sees a <i>side order of salad</i> and <i>2 spoons</i> …but what's the main course?", "v": [{"w": "馬鹿", "rd": "ばか", "mn": "idiot; moron; fool", "fr": 3209}, {"w": "鹿", "rd": "しか", "mn": "deer (esp. the sika deer, Cervus nippon); cervid", "fr": 12421}, {"w": "馬鹿らしい", "rd": "ばからしい", "mn": "absurd; foolish; stupid; silly; nonsense; ludicrous; preposterous; laughable; ri", "fr": 18442}], "p": null}, {"k": "折", "g": 4, "o": 598, "f": 962, "j": null, "on": "セツ、シャク", "kun": "お.る、おり、お.り、-お.り、お.れる", "m": "fold; break; fracture; bend; yield; submit", "pm": "fold", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "斤", "nj": "おのづくり", "ne": "axe"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; axe", "hk": "fold", "hs": "<i>Fingers</i> . . . <i>ax</i>. Hint: make an image out of the Japanese art of \"origami\" (paper- <b>folding</b> ).", "ks": "To hold an axe , you need to fold your fingers around the handle.", "v": [{"w": "折れる", "rd": "おれる", "mn": "to break; to be broken; to snap; to fracture", "fr": 2273}, {"w": "折る", "rd": "おる", "mn": "to break; to fracture; to break off; to snap off; to pick (e.g. flowers)", "fr": 4028}, {"w": "時折", "rd": "ときおり", "mn": "sometimes; at intervals; occasionally; on occasion; from time to time", "fr": 4972}, {"w": "折", "rd": "おり", "mn": "opportunity; chance; occasion; time", "fr": 7785}, {"w": "骨折", "rd": "こっせつ", "mn": "bone fracture", "fr": 8795}, {"w": "挫折", "rd": "ざせつ", "mn": "setback; failure (e.g. plans, business); frustration; discouragement", "fr": 12254}, {"w": "折角", "rd": "せっかく", "mn": "with trouble; at great pains", "fr": 12374}, {"w": "折り合い", "rd": "おりあい", "mn": "agreement (e.g. business, dispute); understanding; compromise; settlement", "fr": 14231}, {"w": "折り返す", "rd": "おりかえす", "mn": "to turn up (hem, sleeves, etc.); to fold back (e.g. page)", "fr": 18027}, {"w": "折り返し", "rd": "おりかえし", "mn": "by return; (call or write back) without delay", "fr": 20195}, {"w": "屈折", "rd": "くっせつ", "mn": "bending; curving; twisting; turning; winding", "fr": 23268}, {"w": "折衷", "rd": "せっちゅう", "mn": "compromise; cross; blending; eclecticism", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "右折", "rd": "うせつ", "mn": "turning to the right; right turn", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "和洋折衷", "rd": "わようせっちゅう", "mn": "blending of Japanese and Western styles", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "左折", "rd": "させつ", "mn": "turning to the left; left turn", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 84, "rp": 26, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "郡", "g": 4, "o": 599, "f": 965, "j": null, "on": "グン", "kun": "こおり", "m": "county; district", "pm": "county", "r": [{"c": "君", "nj": "クン", "ne": "mister"}, {"c": "邑", "nj": "おおざと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "old boy; mop; mouth; city walls", "hk": "county", "hs": "Old boy . . . city walls.", "ks": "<b>County</b> cricket. \"I say <i>old boy</i> , you've hit that ball clear over the <i>city walls</i>. That's six and out!\".", "v": [{"w": "郡", "rd": "ぐん", "mn": "district; county", "fr": 24938}, {"w": "郡部", "rd": "ぐんぶ", "mn": "rural districts; counties", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "埼", "g": 4, "o": 600, "f": 971, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "さき、さい、みさき", "m": "cape; spit; promontory", "pm": "cape", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "奇", "nj": "キ", "ne": "strange"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; strange; large; St. Bernard; street; nail; spike; mouth", "hk": "cape", "hs": "The <b>cape</b> pictured here is a jut of <i>land</i> like <b>Cape</b> Cod. The <i>soil</i> on the left tells us we have to do with <i>land</i> , and the <i>strange</i> on the right tells us it is a <b><i>cape</i></b> where unusual things go on. Put a haunted house on it, an eerie sky overhead, and a howling wind rustling through the trees, and you have yourself a picture of <b>Cape</b> <i>Strange</i> (or, if you prefer, <b>Cape</b> <i>Odd</i> ).", "ks": "This refers to LAND, not the STRANGE gear superheroes wear.", "v": [{"w": "埼玉", "rd": "さいたま", "mn": "Saitama (city, prefecture)", "fr": 24545}], "p": null}, {"k": "焼", "g": 4, "o": 601, "f": 982, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "や.く、や.き、や.き-、-や.き、や.ける", "m": "bake; burning", "pm": "bake", "r": [{"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}, {"c": "尭", "nj": "ギョウ", "ne": "high"}], "hc": "hearth fire; lofty; strawman; wickerman; haystack; ten; needle; one; human legs", "hk": "bake", "hs": "<i>Hearth</i> . . . <i>straw man</i>. Take care to distinguish this kanji from <i>cook</i> (Frame 507) and <i>burn</i> (Frame 549) when you compose your story.", "ks": "To the fire goes the straw man , thinking to bake a cake on it, but…", "v": [{"w": "焼く", "rd": "やく", "mn": "to burn", "fr": 1518}, {"w": "焼ける", "rd": "やける", "mn": "to burn; to burn down; to go down in flames", "fr": 3096}, {"w": "夕焼け", "rd": "ゆうやけ", "mn": "evening glow; red sunset; afterglow (of sunset)", "fr": 10453}, {"w": "日焼け", "rd": "ひやけ", "mn": "sunburn; suntan; tan", "fr": 11541}, {"w": "焼きそば", "rd": "やきそば", "mn": "yakisoba", "fr": 11802}, {"w": "たこ焼き", "rd": "たこやき", "mn": "takoyaki; octopus dumplings", "fr": 14040}, {"w": "焼き肉", "rd": "やきにく", "mn": "yakiniku", "fr": 14525}, {"w": "お好み焼き", "rd": "おこのみやき", "mn": "okonomiyaki", "fr": 19262}, {"w": "焼き鳥", "rd": "やきとり", "mn": "yakitori", "fr": 20226}, {"w": "焼酎", "rd": "しょうちゅう", "mn": "shōchū", "fr": 20695}, {"w": "燃焼", "rd": "ねんしょう", "mn": "burning; combustion", "fr": 21774}, {"w": "焼肉", "rd": "やきにく", "mn": "yakiniku", "fr": 22071}, {"w": "日焼け止め", "rd": "ひやけどめ", "mn": "sunscreen; sunblock; sun cream; suntan lotion", "fr": 24459}, {"w": "すき焼き", "rd": "すきやき", "mn": "sukiyaki", "fr": 24607}, {"w": "全焼", "rd": "ぜんしょう", "mn": "total destruction by fire; being burned down", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 114, "rp": 28, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "照", "g": 4, "o": 602, "f": 1004, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "て.る、て.らす、て.れる", "m": "illuminate; shine; compare; bashful", "pm": "illuminate", "r": [{"c": "昭", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "shining"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "shining; sun; day; summon; seduce; sword; dagger; mouth; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "illuminate", "hs": "Although the range of possible meanings that the kanji for <b>illuminate</b> can have is about as rich as the connotations of the English word, we need to focus on just one of them: to make something <i>shine</i>. If you glaze a pot and put it into the <i>oven</i> to <i>fire</i> it, you in fact <i>illuminate</i> it. Hence the kanji for <b>illuminate</b> compares the kanji for <i>shining</i> with the primitive element for the <i>oven's fire</i>.", "ks": "SHINING FLAMES <b>illuminate</b>!", "v": [{"w": "照れる", "rd": "てれる", "mn": "to be shy; to be bashful; to feel awkward; to feel embarrassed", "fr": 2546}, {"w": "照らす", "rd": "てらす", "mn": "to shine on; to illuminate", "fr": 3242}, {"w": "照明", "rd": "しょうめい", "mn": "illumination; lighting", "fr": 6155}, {"w": "対照的", "rd": "たいしょうてき", "mn": "contrastive", "fr": 8079}, {"w": "照準", "rd": "しょうじゅん", "mn": "sight (e.g. of a gun); aim; alignment", "fr": 16106}, {"w": "参照", "rd": "さんしょう", "mn": "reference (e.g. to a dictionary, passage, footnotes); consultation; comparison", "fr": 18246}, {"w": "照る", "rd": "てる", "mn": "to shine", "fr": 22003}, {"w": "対照", "rd": "たいしょう", "mn": "contrast; antithesis; comparison", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "日照", "rd": "にっしょう", "mn": "sunlight", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "照会", "rd": "しょうかい", "mn": "inquiry; query; enquiry; referral (e.g. to a doctor or court)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "照射", "rd": "しょうしゃ", "mn": "irradiation; radiation; beaming", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 50, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "群", "g": 4, "o": 603, "f": 1012, "j": null, "on": "グン", "kun": "む.れる、む.れ、むら、むら.がる", "m": "flock; group; crowd; herd; swarm; cluster", "pm": "flock", "r": [{"c": "君", "nj": "クン", "ne": "mister"}, {"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}], "hc": "old boy; mop; mouth; sheep", "hk": "flock", "hs": "Old boys . . . sheep.", "ks": "<i>Good ol' boys</i> are like <i>sheep</i> , they tend to <b>flock</b> together.", "v": [{"w": "群れ", "rd": "むれ", "mn": "group; crowd; flock; herd; bevy; school; swarm; cluster (e.g. of stars); clump; ", "fr": 5006}, {"w": "抜群", "rd": "ばつぐん", "mn": "outstanding; excellent; exceptional; distinguished; unrivaled; surpassing (e.g. ", "fr": 5760}, {"w": "群", "rd": "ぐん", "mn": "group; bunch; crowd; throng; swarm; band; herd; school (of fish)", "fr": 8283}, {"w": "群がる", "rd": "むらがる", "mn": "to swarm; to gather", "fr": 9370}, {"w": "群れる", "rd": "むれる", "mn": "to crowd; to flock; to swarm", "fr": 13297}, {"w": "群衆", "rd": "ぐんしゅう", "mn": "group (of people); crowd; horde; throng; mob; multitude", "fr": 18755}, {"w": "群集", "rd": "ぐんしゅう", "mn": "crowd; community; group; herd; gathering; assembly", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "症候群", "rd": "しょうこうぐん", "mn": "syndrome", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "群像", "rd": "ぐんぞう", "mn": "lively group (esp. of young people); dynamic bunch", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "群島", "rd": "ぐんとう", "mn": "island group; archipelago", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "魚群", "rd": "ぎょぐん", "mn": "school of fish; shoal of fish", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "飯", "g": 4, "o": 604, "f": 1046, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "めし", "m": "meal; boiled rice", "pm": "meal", "r": [{"c": "飠", "nj": "しょくへん", "ne": "food"}, {"c": "反", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "anti-"}], "hc": "eat; food; umbrella; good; halo; drop; silver; anti-; demonstration; cliff; crotch", "hk": "meal", "hs": "Food . . . anti-.", "ks": "I'm <i>anti</i> -fast <i>food</i>. Sit down and eat a real <b>meal</b>!", "v": [{"w": "ご飯", "rd": "ごはん", "mn": "cooked rice", "fr": 1587}, {"w": "飯", "rd": "めし", "mn": "cooked rice", "fr": 2109}, {"w": "夕飯", "rd": "ゆうはん", "mn": "evening meal; dinner; supper", "fr": 3516}, {"w": "昼飯", "rd": "ひるめし", "mn": "lunch; midday meal", "fr": 8114}, {"w": "朝ご飯", "rd": "あさごはん", "mn": "breakfast", "fr": 8582}, {"w": "晩ご飯", "rd": "ばんごはん", "mn": "dinner; evening meal", "fr": 11036}, {"w": "昼ご飯", "rd": "ひるごはん", "mn": "lunch; midday meal", "fr": 11202}, {"w": "朝飯", "rd": "あさめし", "mn": "breakfast", "fr": 12029}, {"w": "晩御飯", "rd": "ばんごはん", "mn": "dinner; evening meal", "fr": 23696}, {"w": "夜ご飯", "rd": "よるごはん", "mn": "dinner; evening meal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "握り飯", "rd": "にぎりめし", "mn": "onigiri; rice ball", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "炊飯器", "rd": "すいはんき", "mn": "rice cooker", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "米飯", "rd": "べいはん", "mn": "cooked rice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "赤飯", "rd": "せきはん", "mn": "red rice (beans and mochi) for auspicious occasions", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 3, "rp": 43, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "典", "g": 4, "o": 605, "f": 1055, "j": null, "on": "テン、デン", "kun": "ふみ、のり", "m": "code; ceremony; law; rule", "pm": "code", "r": [{"c": "曲", "nj": "キョク", "ne": "bend"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}], "hc": "bend; tool", "hk": "code", "hs": "We introduce this character here because of its connection to the book-related kanji treated above. It is based on the character for <i>bend</i> (frame 1256), whose last stroke is lengthened to coincide with the first stroke of the element for <i>tool</i>.", "ks": "<b>Coding</b> is a <i>tool</i> which you can use to <i>bend</i> the computer to your will.", "v": [{"w": "典型的", "rd": "てんけいてき", "mn": "typical; representative; archetypal; quintessential; stereotypical; model", "fr": 10314}, {"w": "特典", "rd": "とくてん", "mn": "privilege; special favor; special favour; benefit; prerogative; perk; amenity", "fr": 12829}, {"w": "古典的", "rd": "こてんてき", "mn": "classical; classic", "fr": 19460}, {"w": "古典", "rd": "こてん", "mn": "classic (work, esp. book); the classics", "fr": 19824}, {"w": "式典", "rd": "しきてん", "mn": "ceremony; rites", "fr": 20619}, {"w": "典型", "rd": "てんけい", "mn": "type; pattern; model; epitome; exemplar; archetype; perfect example", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "百科事典", "rd": "ひゃっかじてん", "mn": "encyclopedia; encyclopaedia", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "百科辞典", "rd": "ひゃっかじてん", "mn": "encyclopedia; encyclopaedia", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "辞典", "rd": "じてん", "mn": "dictionary; lexicon", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "事典", "rd": "じてん", "mn": "encyclopedia", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "出典", "rd": "しゅってん", "mn": "source (e.g. quotation); authority", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国語辞典", "rd": "こくごじてん", "mn": "Japanese-language dictionary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "祭典", "rd": "さいてん", "mn": "festival", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "賀", "g": 4, "o": 606, "f": 1056, "j": null, "on": "ガ", "kun": "", "m": "congratulations; joy", "pm": "congratulations", "r": [{"c": "加", "nj": "カ", "ne": "add"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "add; power; muscle; arnold; mouth; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "congratulations", "hs": "Add . . . shells.", "ks": "Congratulations are so much better when you add money to them.", "v": [{"w": "祝賀", "rd": "しゅくが", "mn": "celebration; congratulations", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "年賀", "rd": "ねんが", "mn": "New Year's greetings; New Year's call; New Year's gift", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "年賀状", "rd": "ねんがじょう", "mn": "New Year's card", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "謹賀新年", "rd": "きんがしんねん", "mn": "Happy New Year", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賀正", "rd": "がしょう", "mn": "A Happy New Year!", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賀状", "rd": "がじょう", "mn": "New Year's card", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "縄", "g": 4, "o": 607, "f": 1075, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ", "kun": "なわ、ただ.す", "m": "straw rope; cord", "pm": "straw rope", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "电", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; eels; sun; day", "hk": "straw rope", "hs": "Thread . . . eels.", "ks": "A straw rope is made from threads and has about the thickness of an eel.", "v": [{"w": "縄", "rd": "なわ", "mn": "rope; cord", "fr": 7287}, {"w": "縄張り", "rd": "なわばり", "mn": "stretching a rope around; roping off; cordoning off; demarcation", "fr": 11720}, {"w": "沖縄", "rd": "おきなわ", "mn": "Okinawa (city, prefecture)", "fr": 12256}, {"w": "縄文", "rd": "じょうもん", "mn": "straw-rope pattern pressed into earthenware", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "縄跳び", "rd": "なわとび", "mn": "skipping rope; jump rope", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "徳", "g": 4, "o": 608, "f": 1091, "j": null, "on": "トク", "kun": "", "m": "benevolence; virtue; goodness; commanding respect", "pm": "benevolence", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; stethoscope; camel; ten; needle; eye; cross-eyed; net; heart", "hk": "benevolence", "hs": "<i>Going</i> . . . <i>needle</i> . . . <i>eye</i> . . . <i>heart</i>. Refer back now to the note in frame 890.", "ks": "Benevolence : going to help those who are unable to listen (i.e. have no ears).", "v": [{"w": "悪徳", "rd": "あくとく", "mn": "vice; immorality; corruption", "fr": 18147}, {"w": "道徳", "rd": "どうとく", "mn": "morals; morality", "fr": 19548}, {"w": "不徳", "rd": "ふとく", "mn": "lack of virtue; immorality; vice; depravity; unworthiness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "淑徳", "rd": "しゅくとく", "mn": "womanly virtues", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "漁", "g": 4, "o": 609, "f": 1094, "j": null, "on": "ギョ、リョウ", "kun": "あさ.る", "m": "fishing; fishery", "pm": "fishing", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "魚", "nj": "うお", "ne": "fish"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; fish; bound up; rice field; brains; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "fishing", "hs": "To the story we have just made about <i>fish</i> , this kanji for the profession of <b>fishing</b> adds yet another element BEFORE the others: namely the <i>water</i> , where the fish was happily at home before being caught, disemboweled, and eaten. Be sure to get a clear image of the <i>water</i>  when you put it all together.", "ks": "You need WATER and FISH for <b>fishing</b>.", "v": [{"w": "漁る", "rd": "あさる", "mn": "to fish", "fr": 9872}, {"w": "漁師", "rd": "りょうし", "mn": "fisherman", "fr": 14266}, {"w": "漁", "rd": "りょう", "mn": "fishing; gathering seafood (e.g. clams, seaweed)", "fr": 21806}, {"w": "漁村", "rd": "ぎょそん", "mn": "fishing village", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "漁業", "rd": "ぎょぎょう", "mn": "fishing industry; fishery", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "漁船", "rd": "ぎょせん", "mn": "fishing boat", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "漁場", "rd": "ぎょじょう", "mn": "fishing grounds; permitted fishing zone", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漁民", "rd": "ぎょみん", "mn": "fishermen", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漁港", "rd": "ぎょこう", "mn": "fishing harbour; fishing harbor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漁獲", "rd": "ぎょかく", "mn": "fishery; fishing; catch; haul", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "豊漁", "rd": "ほうりょう", "mn": "good catch; good haul", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 57, "rp": 12, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "熊", "g": 4, "o": 610, "f": 1105, "j": null, "on": "ユウ", "kun": "くま", "m": "bear", "pm": "bear", "r": [{"c": "能", "nj": "ノウ", "ne": "ability"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "ability; elbow; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; spoon; sitting on the ground; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "bear", "hs": "<i>Elbow</i> . . . <i>meat</i> . . . <i>spoon</i> ATOP <i>spoon</i> . . . <i>oven fire</i>.", "ks": "Most don't know it, but <b>bear</b> s have the <i>ability</i> to walk on <i>fire</i>. They're invincible creatures!", "v": [{"w": "熊", "rd": "くま", "mn": "bear (any mammal of family Ursidae)", "fr": 7139}], "p": null}, {"k": "倉", "g": 4, "o": 611, "f": 1114, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "くら", "m": "godown; warehouse; storehouse; cellar; treasury", "pm": "godown", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "meeting; single gate; umbrella; stable door; mouth", "hk": "godown", "hs": "The single <i>gate</i> is used here not in order to represent one <i>gate</i> , but many of them, indeed a <i>meeting of gates</i>. Add <i>mouth</i> (as an entrance here) and you end up with <b>godown</b>. That should help keep this character distinct from <i>warehouse</i> (Frame 633).", "ks": "(Warning-this one is crude) Imagine a <b>godown</b> (dockside warehouse) where you can <i>meet</i> girls who will <i>godown</i> on you with their <i>mouth</i>. To keep the place a bit of a secert, they only have one <i>gate</i>.", "v": [{"w": "倉庫", "rd": "そうこ", "mn": "storehouse; warehouse; godown", "fr": 3635}, {"w": "倉", "rd": "くら", "mn": "warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown; depository; treasury; ", "fr": 23431}, {"w": "鎌倉", "rd": "かまくら", "mn": "Kamakura (city)", "fr": 24418}, {"w": "倉敷", "rd": "くらしき", "mn": "Kurashiki (city)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "穀倉", "rd": "こくそう", "mn": "granary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "米倉", "rd": "こめぐら", "mn": "rice granary", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "唱", "g": 4, "o": 612, "f": 1123, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "とな.える", "m": "chant; recite; call upon; yell", "pm": "chant", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "昌", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "prosperous"}], "hc": "mouth; prosperous; sun; day; tongue wagging", "hk": "chant", "hs": "This one is easy! You have one <i>mouth</i> making no noise (the choirmaster) and two <i>mouths with wagging tongues</i> (the minimum for a chorus). So think of the key word, <b>chant</b> , as monastery singing and the kanji is yours forever (see frame 11).", "ks": "His mouth chant s always when prosperous.", "v": [{"w": "唱える", "rd": "となえる", "mn": "to recite; to chant", "fr": 4966}, {"w": "合唱", "rd": "がっしょう", "mn": "singing together; singing in union; chorus", "fr": 18197}, {"w": "主唱", "rd": "しゅしょう", "mn": "advocacy; promotion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "合唱団", "rd": "がっしょうだん", "mn": "chorus group; choir", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "唱歌", "rd": "しょうか", "mn": "singing; song", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "提唱", "rd": "ていしょう", "mn": "advocacy; proposal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "斉唱", "rd": "せいしょう", "mn": "singing in unison; chanting in unison", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歌唱", "rd": "かしょう", "mn": "song; singing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "独唱", "rd": "どくしょう", "mn": "vocal solo", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "訓", "g": 4, "o": 613, "f": 1134, "j": null, "on": "クン、キン", "kun": "おし.える、よ.む、くん.ずる", "m": "instruction; Japanese character reading; explanation; read", "pm": "instruction", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "川", "nj": "さんぼんがわ", "ne": "river"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; stream; flood", "hk": "instruction", "hs": "The personalism connoted by the word <b>instruction</b> , as opposed to \"teaching\" or \"discipline,\" suits the picture here of <i>words</i> guiding one's progress like the gentle flowing of a <i>stream</i>. Even the etymology of the word <b>instruction</b> suggests the sense of  \"pouring into\".", "ks": "Listen carefully to the words of instruction before you try swimming in the river.", "v": [{"w": "訓練", "rd": "くんれん", "mn": "training; drill; practice; discipline", "fr": 3150}, {"w": "特訓", "rd": "とっくん", "mn": "special training; intensive training; crash course", "fr": 6076}, {"w": "教訓", "rd": "きょうくん", "mn": "lesson; precept; teachings; moral", "fr": 13009}, {"w": "訓", "rd": "くん", "mn": "native Japanese reading of a Chinese character", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "訓令", "rd": "くんれい", "mn": "directive; instructions", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "訓戒", "rd": "くんかい", "mn": "warning; admonition; lesson or a phrase that teaches you not to do something", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "訓示", "rd": "くんじ", "mn": "instruction; direction; briefing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "訓読み", "rd": "くんよみ", "mn": "kun reading; kun'yomi", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "音訓", "rd": "おんくん", "mn": "kanji readings", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 9, "rp": 15, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "浴", "g": 4, "o": 614, "f": 1136, "j": null, "on": "ヨク", "kun": "あ.びる、あ.びせる", "m": "bathe; be favored with; bask in", "pm": "bathe", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "谷", "nj": "たに", "ne": "valley"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; valley; eight; umbrella; mouth", "hk": "bathe", "hs": "Water . . . valley.", "ks": "The mountain man uses the water from the valley to bathe.", "v": [{"w": "浴びる", "rd": "あびる", "mn": "to dash over oneself (e.g. water); to take (e.g. shower); to bask in (e.g. the s", "fr": 2241}, {"w": "浴びせる", "rd": "あびせる", "mn": "to pour on", "fr": 6706}, {"w": "浴衣", "rd": "ゆかた", "mn": "yukata", "fr": 9223}, {"w": "入浴", "rd": "にゅうよく", "mn": "bathing; going in the bath", "fr": 10595}, {"w": "浴室", "rd": "よくしつ", "mn": "bathroom", "fr": 12562}, {"w": "浴槽", "rd": "よくそう", "mn": "bathtub", "fr": 16678}, {"w": "海水浴", "rd": "かいすいよく", "mn": "swimming in the ocean; sea bathing; seawater bath; going for a dip in the ocean", "fr": 19369}, {"w": "浴場", "rd": "よくじょう", "mn": "bathhouse; (public) bath", "fr": 24894}, {"w": "日光浴", "rd": "にっこうよく", "mn": "sunbathing; basking in the sun", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "海水浴場", "rd": "かいすいよくじょう", "mn": "swimming area (in the ocean); swimming beach; seawater baths", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 125, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "塩", "g": 4, "o": 615, "f": 1148, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "しお", "m": "salt", "pm": "salt", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "皿", "nj": "さら", "ne": "plate"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; reclining; lying down; mouth; dish", "hk": "salt", "hs": "Ground . . . reclining . . . mouth . . . dish.", "ks": "It is bad luck to spill salt on the ground , so you better recline and lick it into your mouth or put it back on the dish.", "v": [{"w": "塩", "rd": "しお", "mn": "salt; common salt; table salt; sodium chloride", "fr": 4177}, {"w": "塩味", "rd": "しおあじ", "mn": "salty taste; saltiness", "fr": 23847}, {"w": "塩分", "rd": "えんぶん", "mn": "salt; salt content", "fr": 24666}, {"w": "塩辛い", "rd": "しおからい", "mn": "salty (taste); briny", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "食塩", "rd": "しょくえん", "mn": "table salt", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "塩化", "rd": "えんか", "mn": "chloridation; salification", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塩基", "rd": "えんき", "mn": "base", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塩梅", "rd": "あんばい", "mn": "seasoning; flavour; flavor; taste", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塩水", "rd": "しおみず", "mn": "salt water; brine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塩田", "rd": "えんでん", "mn": "saltpan; field for drying salt", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塩素", "rd": "えんそ", "mn": "chlorine (Cl)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塩酸", "rd": "えんさん", "mn": "hydrochloric acid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "岩塩", "rd": "がんえん", "mn": "halite; rock salt", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 102, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "兆", "g": 4, "o": 616, "f": 1174, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "きざ.す、きざ.し", "m": "portent; 10**12; trillion; sign; omen; symptoms", "pm": "portent", "r": [{"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}, {"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}], "hc": "turtle", "hk": "portent", "hs": "Here we have a pictograph of the back of a turtle, the two sloping vertical strokes representing the central ridge and the four short strokes the pattern. Think of reading turtle shells as a way to foretell the future, and in particular things that <b>portend</b> coming evils.", "ks": "A bad portent makes the hairs on your legs stand.", "v": [{"w": "兆候", "rd": "ちょうこう", "mn": "sign; indication; omen; symptom", "fr": 11609}, {"w": "兆し", "rd": "きざし", "mn": "sign; indication; omen; symptom", "fr": 12774}, {"w": "前兆", "rd": "ぜんちょう", "mn": "omen; portent; sign; presage; harbinger; premonition; precursor; foreboding; pre", "fr": 17708}, {"w": "兆", "rd": "ちょう", "mn": "10^12; 1,000,000,000,000; trillion", "fr": 22871}, {"w": "吉兆", "rd": "きっちょう", "mn": "lucky omen; good omen", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 28, "rp": 16, "l": 2, "n": "兆 挑戦 挑発 逃げる"}}, {"k": "祝", "g": 4, "o": 617, "f": 1184, "j": null, "on": "シュク、シュウ", "kun": "いわ.う", "m": "celebrate; congratulate", "pm": "celebrate", "r": [{"c": "礻", "nj": "しめすへん", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "兄", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "elder brother"}], "hc": "altar; elder brother; teenager; mouth; human legs", "hk": "celebrate", "hs": "Altar . . . teenager.", "ks": "When Japanese people turn 20 they usually visit the <i>altar</i> at their local shrine and <b>celebrate</b> no longer being a <i>teenager</i>.", "v": [{"w": "お祝い", "rd": "おいわい", "mn": "congratulation; congratulations; celebration; festival", "fr": 3423}, {"w": "祝う", "rd": "いわう", "mn": "to celebrate; to congratulate; to observe (a festival)", "fr": 4137}, {"w": "祝福", "rd": "しゅくふく", "mn": "celebration (of a joyous occasion); blessing; giving one's blessing; wishing (so", "fr": 4220}, {"w": "祝い", "rd": "いわい", "mn": "congratulation; congratulations; celebration; festival", "fr": 6173}, {"w": "祝杯", "rd": "しゅくはい", "mn": "toast; congratulatory cup", "fr": 21492}, {"w": "祝日", "rd": "しゅくじつ", "mn": "national holiday; public holiday", "fr": 24956}, {"w": "祝賀", "rd": "しゅくが", "mn": "celebration; congratulations", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "慶祝", "rd": "けいしゅく", "mn": "congratulation; celebration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "祝儀", "rd": "しゅうぎ", "mn": "celebration; celebratory event; wedding ceremony", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "祝辞", "rd": "しゅくじ", "mn": "congratulatory address", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "祝電", "rd": "しゅくでん", "mn": "congratulatory telegram", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 12, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "旗", "g": 4, "o": 618, "f": 1190, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "はた", "m": "flag; banner; standard", "pm": "flag", "r": [{"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}, {"c": "其", "nj": "キ", "ne": "that"}], "hc": "banner; compass; direction reclining; lying down; bushel basket; hamper; animal legs; eight", "hk": "national flag", "hs": "Banner . . . bushel basket.", "ks": "The United Republic of Chess' <b>national flag</b> is actually a <i>banner</i> with a <i>rook</i> , that way they can hang it at every tournament.", "v": [{"w": "旗", "rd": "はた", "mn": "flag", "fr": 9227}, {"w": "反旗", "rd": "はんき", "mn": "standard of revolt; banner of rebellion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国旗", "rd": "こっき", "mn": "national flag", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旗印", "rd": "はたじるし", "mn": "design (on a banner); emblem (on a flag); insignia", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旗手", "rd": "きしゅ", "mn": "standard-bearer; flag-bearer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旗揚げ", "rd": "はたあげ", "mn": "raising an army", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旗色", "rd": "はたいろ", "mn": "situation; outlook", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "星条旗", "rd": "せいじょうき", "mn": "Stars and Stripes (US flag)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "校旗", "rd": "こうき", "mn": "school flag", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "赤旗", "rd": "あかはた", "mn": "red flag", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "茨", "g": 4, "o": 619, "f": 1203, "j": null, "on": "シ、ジ", "kun": "いばら、かや、くさぶき", "m": "briar; thorn", "pm": "briar", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "次", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "next"}], "hc": "flowers; next; ice; lack; yawn", "hk": "briar", "hs": "Earlier we made mention of the story of <b>Briar</b> Rose (or  \"Sleeping Beauty,\" as we called her in frame 165) and drew attention to the <b>briar</b> hedge that grew up all about her castle. But in the <i>second</i> part of the story, these <b>briars</b> blossomed into <i>flowers</i>. Hence her name, <b>Briar</b> Rose. Be careful not to confuse this character with that for <i>thorn</i> (Frame 446).", "ks": "Once you plant your flowers , what inevitably come up next are briar s.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "潟", "g": 4, "o": 620, "f": 1204, "j": null, "on": "セキ", "kun": "かた、-がた", "m": "lagoon", "pm": "lagoon", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "舄", "nj": "シャク", "ne": "a shoe"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; mortar; tail feathers", "hk": "lagoon", "hs": "", "ks": "Right part: <i>mortar</i> <i>bound up</i> over <i>oven fire</i> , comprising <i>boiling cauldron</i>. <b>Lagoon</b> is a shallow pond, thus easily warmed by sun, large-scale equivalent of a <i>boiling cauldron</i>.", "v": [{"w": "干潟", "rd": "ひがた", "mn": "tidal flat; tideland", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新潟", "rd": "にいがた", "mn": "Niigata (city, prefecture)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "潟", "rd": "かた", "mn": "lagoon", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "衣", "g": 4, "o": 621, "f": 1214, "j": null, "on": "イ、エ", "kun": "ころも、きぬ、-ぎ", "m": "garment; clothes; dressing", "pm": "garment", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}], "hc": "top hat; scarf; cloth; clothes; clothing", "hk": "garment", "hs": "At the top we see the <i>top hat</i> , and at the bottom a pictographic representation of the folds of a <b>garment</b>. If you break the  \"4-fold\" fold into 2 sets of 2 strokes, you will find it easier to remember.", "ks": "The only <b>garment</b> s allowed in this club are <i>top hat</i> and <i>scarf</i>.", "v": [{"w": "衣装", "rd": "いしょう", "mn": "clothing; costume; outfit; garment; dress", "fr": 3265}, {"w": "衣服", "rd": "いふく", "mn": "clothes", "fr": 7194}, {"w": "衣", "rd": "ころも", "mn": "clothes; garment", "fr": 8435}, {"w": "浴衣", "rd": "ゆかた", "mn": "yukata", "fr": 9223}, {"w": "白衣", "rd": "はくい", "mn": "white clothes; white robe", "fr": 11619}, {"w": "更衣室", "rd": "こういしつ", "mn": "locker room; changing room; dressing room", "fr": 12014}, {"w": "脱衣所", "rd": "だついじょ", "mn": "bathroom antechamber; dressing room; sink area", "fr": 15901}, {"w": "衣類", "rd": "いるい", "mn": "clothes; clothing; garments", "fr": 16786}, {"w": "着衣", "rd": "ちゃくい", "mn": "clothes (that one is wearing)", "fr": 20690}, {"w": "衣料", "rd": "いりょう", "mn": "clothing", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "衣食住", "rd": "いしょくじゅう", "mn": "food, clothing and shelter; necessities of life", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "羽衣", "rd": "はごろも", "mn": "angel's raiment; robe of feathers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脱衣", "rd": "だつい", "mn": "undressing; taking off one's clothes; stripping", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "衣料品", "rd": "いりょうひん", "mn": "clothing; articles of clothing; apparel", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "衣替え", "rd": "ころもがえ", "mn": "seasonal change of clothing; changing one's dress for the season", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 67, "rp": 40, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "梅", "g": 4, "o": 622, "f": 1232, "j": null, "on": "バイ", "kun": "うめ", "m": "plum", "pm": "plum", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "毎", "nj": "マイ", "ne": "every"}], "hc": "tree; wood; every; reclining; lying down; mother; breasts", "hk": "plum", "hs": "Behind <i>every</i> Jack Horner's pie maker, a <i>tree</i> full of <b>plums</b>.", "ks": "every man's wood has 2 plum s.", "v": [{"w": "梅", "rd": "うめ", "mn": "Japanese apricot (Prunus mume); Japanese plum; ume; Chinese plum", "fr": 10871}, {"w": "梅雨", "rd": "つゆ", "mn": "(East Asian) rainy season (in Japan, usu. from early June to mid-July)", "fr": 19469}, {"w": "梅干し", "rd": "うめぼし", "mn": "umeboshi; pickled dried ume; pickled dried plum", "fr": 21015}, {"w": "梅干", "rd": "うめぼし", "mn": "umeboshi; pickled dried ume; pickled dried plum", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "塩梅", "rd": "あんばい", "mn": "seasoning; flavour; flavor; taste", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "梅酒", "rd": "うめしゅ", "mn": "ume liqueur; Japanese plum brandy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "梅雨入り", "rd": "つゆいり", "mn": "entering the rainy season; beginning of the rainy season", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "梅雨明け", "rd": "つゆあけ", "mn": "end of the rainy season", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紅梅", "rd": "こうばい", "mn": "red-blossomed plum tree; red Japanese apricot", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "青梅", "rd": "あおうめ", "mn": "unripe plum", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "臣", "g": 4, "o": 623, "f": 1249, "j": null, "on": "シン、ジン", "kun": "", "m": "retainer; subject", "pm": "retainer", "r": [{"c": "臣", "nj": "しん", "ne": "retainer"}], "hc": "slave", "hk": "retainer", "hs": "This kanji is actually a pictograph for an eye, distorted to make it appear that the pupil is protruding towards the right. This may not be an easy form to remember, but try this: Draw it once rather large, and notice how moving the two vertical lines on the right as far right as possible gives you the pictograph of the eye in its natural form. The \"pop-eye\" image belongs to an Emperor's <b>retainer</b> standing in awe before his ruler.", "ks": "Its a pictograph of a teeth with a retainer in the middle.", "v": [{"w": "大臣", "rd": "だいじん", "mn": "cabinet minister", "fr": 12988}, {"w": "総理大臣", "rd": "そうりだいじん", "mn": "prime minister (as the head of a cabinet government); premier", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "国務大臣", "rd": "こくむだいじん", "mn": "minister of state; cabinet minister (in Japan)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "忠臣", "rd": "ちゅうしん", "mn": "loyal retainer; loyal subject", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 34, "rp": 9, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "浅", "g": 4, "o": 624, "f": 1253, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "あさ.い", "m": "shallow; superficial; frivolous; wretched; shameful", "pm": "shallow", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "戋", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; float; fiesta", "hk": "shallow", "hs": "An entourage of <i>floats</i> going from one town to the next must always seek a <b>shallow</b> place to cross the <i>water</i>. Try to picture what happens if they don't.", "ks": "The water is too SHALLOW to float in it.", "v": [{"w": "浅い", "rd": "あさい", "mn": "shallow; superficial", "fr": 3359}, {"w": "浅はか", "rd": "あさはか", "mn": "shallow; superficial; thoughtless; short-sighted; foolish; silly", "fr": 11401}, {"w": "浅瀬", "rd": "あさせ", "mn": "shoal; shallows; sand bar; ford", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浅見", "rd": "せんけん", "mn": "shallow view; superficial idea", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浅黒い", "rd": "あさぐろい", "mn": "dark (skin, complexion, etc.); swarthy; tanned", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遠浅", "rd": "とおあさ", "mn": "shoal; wide shallow beach", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 127, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "勇", "g": 4, "o": 625, "f": 1319, "j": null, "on": "ユウ", "kun": "いさ.む", "m": "courage; cheer up; be in high spirits; bravery; heroism", "pm": "courage", "r": [{"c": "マ", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "男", "nj": "ダン", "ne": "male"}], "hc": "chop-seal; hanko; male; rice field; brains; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "courage", "hs": "Chop-seal . . . man.", "ks": "A MA （マ） raises a man to have courage.", "v": [{"w": "勇気", "rd": "ゆうき", "mn": "courage; bravery; valour; valor; nerve; boldness", "fr": 1625}, {"w": "勇者", "rd": "ゆうしゃ", "mn": "hero; the brave; man of valour (valor)", "fr": 6978}, {"w": "勇敢", "rd": "ゆうかん", "mn": "brave; courageous; gallant; valiant; heroic", "fr": 8877}, {"w": "勇ましい", "rd": "いさましい", "mn": "brave; valiant; gallant; courageous", "fr": 11983}, {"w": "勇み足", "rd": "いさみあし", "mn": "overeagerness; rashness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "勇む", "rd": "いさむ", "mn": "to be in high spirits; to be encouraged; to be lively; to cheer up", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "勇士", "rd": "ゆうし", "mn": "brave warrior; hero; brave man", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "勇退", "rd": "ゆうたい", "mn": "retiring voluntarily; resigning one's post (to make way for others); stepping do", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "武勇", "rd": "ぶゆう", "mn": "bravery; military prowess; valour; valor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "義勇", "rd": "ぎゆう", "mn": "heroism; loyalty and courage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蛮勇", "rd": "ばんゆう", "mn": "foolhardiness; recklessness; savage valour; savage valor; brute courage", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 90, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "械", "g": 4, "o": 626, "f": 1321, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "かせ", "m": "contraption; fetter; machine; instrument", "pm": "contraption", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "戒", "nj": "カイ", "ne": "commandment"}], "hc": "tree; wood; commandments; two hands; fiesta", "hk": "contraption", "hs": "Tree . . . commandment.", "ks": "The ten commandments were heavy. So to help carry them, Moses made a wooden <b>contraption</b> , the ark of the covenant.", "v": [{"w": "機械", "rd": "きかい", "mn": "machine; mechanism", "fr": 2608}, {"w": "器械", "rd": "きかい", "mn": "machine; mechanism", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "工作機械", "rd": "こうさくきかい", "mn": "machine tool", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "機械化", "rd": "きかいか", "mn": "mechanization; mechanisation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 33, "rp": 12, "l": 0, "n": "機械 常識"}}, {"k": "菜", "g": 4, "o": 627, "f": 1327, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "な", "m": "vegetable; side dish; greens", "pm": "vegetable", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "采", "nj": "サイ", "ne": "dice"}], "hc": "flowers; grab; claw; vulture; tree; wood", "hk": "vegetable", "hs": "Flower . . . grab.", "ks": "grab (#2090 采) beneath the flowers to get the vegetable s. 野菜 やさい.", "v": [{"w": "野菜", "rd": "やさい", "mn": "vegetable", "fr": 2766}, {"w": "菜", "rd": "な", "mn": "greens; vegetables", "fr": 21409}, {"w": "山菜", "rd": "さんさい", "mn": "edible wild plants", "fr": 24608}, {"w": "惣菜", "rd": "そうざい", "mn": "small dish (served as a part of an ordinary household meal); side dish", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "白菜", "rd": "はくさい", "mn": "napa cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis); nappa cabbage; Chinese cabbage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "菜園", "rd": "さいえん", "mn": "vegetable garden", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "菜種", "rd": "なたね", "mn": "rapeseed; coleseed", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "菜食", "rd": "さいしょく", "mn": "vegetable diet", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 117, "l": 26, "n": ""}}, {"k": "梨", "g": 4, "o": 628, "f": 1331, "j": null, "on": "リ", "kun": "なし", "m": "pear tree", "pm": "pear tree", "r": [{"c": "利", "nj": "リ", "ne": "profit"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "profit; wheat; cereal; sword; sabre; saber; tree; wood", "hk": "pear tree", "hs": "Profit . . . tree.", "ks": "And a profit in a pear tree …12 days of christmas.", "v": [{"w": "梨", "rd": "なし", "mn": "nashi (esp. Pyrus pyrifolia); Japanese pear; Asian pear", "fr": 23373}], "p": null}, {"k": "刷", "g": 4, "o": 629, "f": 1352, "j": null, "on": "サツ", "kun": "す.る、-ず.り、-ずり、は.く", "m": "printing; print; brush", "pm": "printing", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "flag; towel; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "printing", "hs": "Flag . . . towel . . . saber.", "ks": "We printed a japanese flag on his white towel by stabbing him with a saber while he was wearing it.", "v": [{"w": "印刷", "rd": "いんさつ", "mn": "printing", "fr": 7068}, {"w": "刷る", "rd": "する", "mn": "to print", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "凸版印刷", "rd": "とっぱんいんさつ", "mn": "letterpress; relief printing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "刷新", "rd": "さっしん", "mn": "reform; renovation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "増刷", "rd": "ぞうさつ", "mn": "additional printing; additional print run; reprint", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 13, "rp": 25, "l": 4, "n": "印刷 刺さる"}}, {"k": "牧", "g": 4, "o": 630, "f": 1360, "j": null, "on": "ボク", "kun": "まき", "m": "breed; care for; shepherd; feed; pasture", "pm": "breed", "r": [{"c": "牛", "nj": "うし", "ne": "cow"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "cow; taskmaster", "hk": "breed", "hs": "When it is time to <b>breed</b> new cattle, the bull is usually willing but the <i>cow</i> is often not. Thus the <i>taskmaster</i> to the right forces the <i>cow</i> into a compromising position, so to speak, so that she and her mate can <b>breed</b>.", "ks": "Imagine a <i>taskmaster</i> giving a <i>cow</i> the command to \"start <b>breed</b> ing, and start doing it now!\", except that the cow takes his advice a bit too literally and starts chasing the taskmaster to carry out this command! instead of finding another cow to <b>breed</b> with. Hence, you see the <i>taskmaster</i> running to the right, trying to stay ahead of the <i>cow</i>.", "v": [{"w": "牧場", "rd": "ぼくじょう", "mn": "farm (livestock); stock farm; ranch; station", "fr": 17450}, {"w": "牧師", "rd": "ぼくし", "mn": "pastor; minister; clergyman; reverend", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "牧畜", "rd": "ぼくちく", "mn": "stock-farming; livestock farming; cattle breeding", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "遊牧", "rd": "ゆうぼく", "mn": "nomadism", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "放牧", "rd": "ほうぼく", "mn": "pasturage; grazing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "牧草", "rd": "ぼくそう", "mn": "pasture; grass", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "牧野", "rd": "ぼくや", "mn": "pasture land; ranch", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "泣", "g": 4, "o": 631, "f": 1380, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "な.く", "m": "cry; weep; moan", "pm": "cry", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; vase; stand up", "hk": "cry", "hs": "One <b>cries</b> and <b>cries</b> until one is <i>standing up</i> knee-deep in <i>water</i> (or until one has a <i>vase</i> -full of <i>water</i> ).", "ks": "Guys have two ways of watering when they are standing, the less common one is <b>cry</b> ing.", "v": [{"w": "泣く", "rd": "なく", "mn": "to cry; to shed tears; to weep; to sob", "fr": 421}, {"w": "泣き声", "rd": "なきごえ", "mn": "cry (e.g. of a baby); sob; whine", "fr": 4113}, {"w": "泣き", "rd": "なき", "mn": "weeping; lamenting", "fr": 7161}, {"w": "泣き顔", "rd": "なきがお", "mn": "crying face; face of a person who is crying", "fr": 12834}, {"w": "号泣", "rd": "ごうきゅう", "mn": "crying loudly; bawling; wailing; lamentation", "fr": 16301}, {"w": "悔し泣き", "rd": "くやしなき", "mn": "crying from vexation; tears of regret", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 108, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "孫", "g": 4, "o": 632, "f": 1388, "j": null, "on": "ソン", "kun": "まご", "m": "grandchild; descendants", "pm": "grandchild", "r": [{"c": "子", "nj": "こ", "ne": "child"}, {"c": "系", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "lineage"}], "hc": "child; lineage; drop; thread; spiderman", "hk": "grandchild", "hs": "Child . . . yarn.", "ks": "Your <b>grandchild</b> is the child of your <i>DNA</i>.", "v": [{"w": "孫", "rd": "まご", "mn": "grandchild", "fr": 3089}, {"w": "子孫", "rd": "しそん", "mn": "descendant; progeny; offspring", "fr": 9933}, {"w": "孫娘", "rd": "まごむすめ", "mn": "granddaughter", "fr": 18143}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 30, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "栃", "g": 4, "o": 633, "f": 1427, "j": null, "on": "", "kun": "とち", "m": "horse chestnut; (kokuji)", "pm": "horse chestnut", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "万", "nj": "マン", "ne": "ten thousand"}], "hc": "tree; wood; Wimbledon; cliff; ten thousand; one; bound up", "hk": "horse chestnut", "hs": "A tree . . . cliff . . . ten thousand.", "ks": "Horse chestnut trees grows in tens of thousands under the cliff.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "岐", "g": 4, "o": 634, "f": 1428, "j": null, "on": "キ、ギ", "kun": "", "m": "branch off; fork in road; scene; arena; theater", "pm": "branch off", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "支", "nj": "しにょう", "ne": "branch"}], "hc": "mountain; branch; ten; needle; crotch", "hk": "branch off", "hs": "Mountains . . . branch.", "ks": "On the left, there are three mountains. The road <b>branches off</b> to each of them. (Note: This kanji is mostly used for branches in the road).", "v": [{"w": "分岐", "rd": "ぶんき", "mn": "divergence; ramification; bifurcation; branching off", "fr": 20794}, {"w": "分岐点", "rd": "ぶんきてん", "mn": "fork; junction; diverging point", "fr": 24313}, {"w": "多岐", "rd": "たき", "mn": "diverse; various; wide-ranging", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "岐路", "rd": "きろ", "mn": "forked road; crossroads", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "岐阜", "rd": "ぎふ", "mn": "Gifu (city, prefecture)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "径", "g": 4, "o": 635, "f": 1435, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "みち、こみち、さしわたし、ただちに", "m": "diameter; path; method", "pm": "diameter", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "圣", "nj": "コツ", "ne": "holy"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; spool; clod; toilet paper; crotch; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "diameter", "hs": "Line . . . spool.", "ks": "Scientists recently measured the <b>diameter</b> of Earth by drilling a deep hole and dropping a <i>line</i> of thread off a humongous <i>spool</i> until it got to the other side.", "v": [{"w": "半径", "rd": "はんけい", "mn": "radius", "fr": 12361}, {"w": "直径", "rd": "ちょっけい", "mn": "diameter", "fr": 15126}, {"w": "口径", "rd": "こうけい", "mn": "aperture; bore; calibre; caliber", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鏡", "g": 4, "o": 636, "f": 1506, "j": null, "on": "キョウ、ケイ", "kun": "かがみ", "m": "mirror; speculum; barrel-head; round rice-cake offering", "pm": "mirror", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "竟", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "end"}], "hc": "metal; gold; vase; stand up; sun; day; human legs", "hk": "mirror", "hs": "After lakes but before glass, polished <i>metal</i> was used for <b>mirrors</b>. These <i>metal mirrors</i> are recalled in this character for a <b>mirror</b>.", "ks": "The metal mirror makes a sound \\- it's answering the question \"who has the fairest human legs of all?\".", "v": [{"w": "鏡", "rd": "かがみ", "mn": "mirror; looking-glass", "fr": 2431}, {"w": "眼鏡", "rd": "めがね", "mn": "glasses; eyeglasses; spectacles", "fr": 5001}, {"w": "望遠鏡", "rd": "ぼうえんきょう", "mn": "telescope", "fr": 24408}, {"w": "顕微鏡", "rd": "けんびきょう", "mn": "microscope", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "双眼鏡", "rd": "そうがんきょう", "mn": "binoculars; field glasses", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鏡台", "rd": "きょうだい", "mn": "dresser; dressing table; vanity table", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "阜", "g": 4, "o": 637, "f": 1532, "j": null, "on": "フ、フウ", "kun": "", "m": "hill; mound; left village radical (no. 170)", "pm": "hill", "r": [{"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "maestro; ten; needle", "hk": "large hill", "hs": "Maestro . . . needle.", "ks": "The <i>maestro</i> lives on top of a <b>large hill</b> so that he can play music at over <i>ten</i> decibels without anyone giving a damn.", "v": [{"w": "岐阜", "rd": "ぎふ", "mn": "Gifu (city, prefecture)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "滋", "g": 4, "o": 638, "f": 1563, "j": null, "on": "ジ、シ", "kun": "", "m": "nourishing; more & more; be luxuriant; planting; turbidity", "pm": "nourishing", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "兹", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; double-mysterious; mothballs; horns; one; cocoon", "hk": "nourishing", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . double- <i>mysterious</i>. Note the doubling up of the element for <i>top hat</i> in the primitive for <i>mysterious</i> and assign it a special image, as it will come up in the next two frames.", "ks": "Water is doubly mysterious. It's in all our nourishment…and yet, it's really not <b>nourishing</b> at all.", "v": [{"w": "滋養", "rd": "じよう", "mn": "nourishment; nutrition", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "巣", "g": 4, "o": 639, "f": 1588, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "す、す.くう", "m": "nest; rookery; hive; cobweb; den", "pm": "nest", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "果", "nj": "カ", "ne": "fruit"}], "hc": "owl; fruit; rice field; brains; tree; wood", "hk": "nest", "hs": "Owl . . . fruit.", "ks": "Owls only nest in fruit trees.", "v": [{"w": "巣", "rd": "す", "mn": "nest; rookery; breeding place; hive", "fr": 7427}, {"w": "卵巣", "rd": "らんそう", "mn": "ovary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "古巣", "rd": "ふるす", "mn": "old haunts; former homes", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巣立ち", "rd": "すだち", "mn": "leaving the nest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "空き巣", "rd": "あきす", "mn": "empty nest", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "灯", "g": 4, "o": 640, "f": 1605, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "ひ、ほ-、ともしび、とも.す、あかり", "m": "lamp; a light; light; counter for lights", "pm": "lamp", "r": [{"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}, {"c": "丁", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "street"}], "hc": "fire; street; nail; spike", "hk": "lamp", "hs": "Since it is very hard to read by the <i>fireplace</i> without going blind from the flickering of the flames or burning up from the heat, our ancestors invented a way to <i>nail</i> down a bit of that <i>fire</i> , just enough to light up the text of their evening newspapers and no more. Voilà! The <b>lamp</b>.", "ks": "A lamp is fire you can hang from a nail.", "v": [{"w": "灯り", "rd": "あかり", "mn": "light; glow; gleam", "fr": 9935}, {"w": "街灯", "rd": "がいとう", "mn": "street light; streetlamp", "fr": 12352}, {"w": "灯す", "rd": "ともす", "mn": "to light (a candle, lamp, etc.); to turn on (a light)", "fr": 13241}, {"w": "灯", "rd": "ひ", "mn": "light; lamp", "fr": 14516}, {"w": "懐中電灯", "rd": "かいちゅうでんとう", "mn": "(electric) torch; flashlight", "fr": 16528}, {"w": "蛍光灯", "rd": "けいこうとう", "mn": "fluorescent lamp; fluorescent light", "fr": 19204}, {"w": "電灯", "rd": "でんとう", "mn": "electric light", "fr": 20831}, {"w": "灯火", "rd": "とうか", "mn": "light; lamplight", "fr": 22519}, {"w": "消灯", "rd": "しょうとう", "mn": "putting out the lights; turning off the lights", "fr": 24799}, {"w": "灯台", "rd": "とうだい", "mn": "lighthouse", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "灯油", "rd": "とうゆ", "mn": "kerosene; paraffin; lamp oil", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 12, "rp": 16, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "芽", "g": 4, "o": 641, "f": 1691, "j": null, "on": "ガ", "kun": "め", "m": "bud; sprout; spear; germ", "pm": "bud", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "牙", "nj": "ガ", "ne": "tusk"}], "hc": "flowers; tusk", "hk": "bud", "hs": "Flowers . . . tusk.", "ks": "Bud s while they're still small tend to be tusk-shaped.", "v": [{"w": "芽", "rd": "め", "mn": "sprout; shoot; bud", "fr": 8993}, {"w": "発芽", "rd": "はつが", "mn": "germination; sprouting; budding", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "新芽", "rd": "しんめ", "mn": "sprout; bud; shoot", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "木の芽", "rd": "きのめ", "mn": "leaf bud", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "芽生え", "rd": "めばえ", "mn": "bud; sprout", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "萌芽", "rd": "ほうが", "mn": "germination; germ; sprout", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "麦芽", "rd": "ばくが", "mn": "malt", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "媛", "g": 4, "o": 642, "f": 1735, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "ひめ", "m": "beautiful woman; princess", "pm": "beautiful woman", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "爰", "nj": "エン", "ne": "lead on to"}], "hc": "woman; migrating ducks; claw; vulture; one; friend", "hk": "beautiful woman", "hs": "Woman . . . migrating ducks.", "ks": "You want to know about a <b>beautiful woman</b>? There's a <i>woman</i> that's so beautiful, the <i>birds migrate</i> to her instead of the sun!", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "政", "g": 5, "o": 643, "f": 17, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ショウ", "kun": "まつりごと、まん", "m": "politics; government", "pm": "politics", "r": [{"c": "正", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "correct"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "correct; one; ceiling; stop; footprint; taskmaster", "hk": "politics", "hs": "To the many definitions for <b>politics</b> that already exist, this character offers yet another: <i>correct taskmastering</i>. Think about what the primitives tell us. On the one hand, we see the pessimistic wisdom that <b>politics</b> has to do with <i>taskmastering</i> , maneuvering people with or without their will. And on the other, we see the campaign assurances that this duty can be performed <i>correctly</i> if only the right candidate is given a chance.", "ks": "Those involved in <b>politics</b> are always trying to elect the <i>correct</i> <i>taskmaster</i>.", "v": [{"w": "政府", "rd": "せいふ", "mn": "government; administration; ministry", "fr": 6134}, {"w": "政治", "rd": "せいじ", "mn": "politics; government", "fr": 7034}, {"w": "政治家", "rd": "せいじか", "mn": "politician; statesman", "fr": 7632}, {"w": "政治的", "rd": "せいじてき", "mn": "political", "fr": 15769}, {"w": "政策", "rd": "せいさく", "mn": "political measures; policy", "fr": 15900}, {"w": "政", "rd": "まつりごと", "mn": "rule; government; administration", "fr": 16940}, {"w": "家政婦", "rd": "かせいふ", "mn": "housekeeper; maid", "fr": 19105}, {"w": "行政", "rd": "ぎょうせい", "mn": "executive; government", "fr": 20501}, {"w": "政権", "rd": "せいけん", "mn": "(political) administration; political power", "fr": 21577}, {"w": "財政", "rd": "ざいせい", "mn": "public finance", "fr": 24759}, {"w": "政党", "rd": "せいとう", "mn": "political party", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "内政", "rd": "ないせい", "mn": "domestic affairs; internal administration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "参政権", "rd": "さんせいけん", "mn": "suffrage; franchise", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国政", "rd": "こくせい", "mn": "national politics; political situation; statecraft; body politic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "地方行政", "rd": "ちほうぎょうせい", "mn": "local administration", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "経", "g": 5, "o": 644, "f": 79, "j": null, "on": "ケイ、キョウ、キン", "kun": "へ.る、た.つ、たていと、はか.る、のり", "m": "sutra; longitude; pass thru; expire; warp", "pm": "sutra", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "圣", "nj": "コツ", "ne": "holy"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; spool; clod; toilet paper; crotch; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "sūtra", "hs": "Thread . . . spool.", "ks": "The word ‘sutra’ literally means a rope or thread that holds things together. Here we see that it is a <i>spool</i> that is holding the <i>threads</i> together.", "v": [{"w": "経験", "rd": "けいけん", "mn": "experience", "fr": 1049}, {"w": "経つ", "rd": "たつ", "mn": "to pass (of time); to elapse", "fr": 2191}, {"w": "経る", "rd": "へる", "mn": "to pass; to elapse; to go by", "fr": 3494}, {"w": "神経", "rd": "しんけい", "mn": "nerve", "fr": 3662}, {"w": "経過", "rd": "けいか", "mn": "passage (of time); elapsing; lapse", "fr": 3815}, {"w": "経営", "rd": "けいえい", "mn": "management; administration; operation; running (a business); conducting", "fr": 3837}, {"w": "経緯", "rd": "けいい", "mn": "details; particulars; sequence of events; circumstances; situation; how things g", "fr": 4759}, {"w": "経由", "rd": "けいゆ", "mn": "going through; going via; going by way of", "fr": 8168}, {"w": "経歴", "rd": "けいれき", "mn": "personal history; background; career", "fr": 8771}, {"w": "経済", "rd": "けいざい", "mn": "economy; economics", "fr": 8830}, {"w": "経路", "rd": "けいろ", "mn": "course; route; path; channel", "fr": 9778}, {"w": "無神経", "rd": "むしんけい", "mn": "insensitive; inconsiderate; callous; thick-skinned", "fr": 10011}, {"w": "経験者", "rd": "けいけんしゃ", "mn": "experienced person; person who has had a particular experience", "fr": 10476}, {"w": "経営者", "rd": "けいえいしゃ", "mn": "manager; proprietor", "fr": 10836}, {"w": "神経質", "rd": "しんけいしつ", "mn": "nervous; highly strung; sensitive", "fr": 11652}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 92, "rp": 35, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "現", "g": 5, "o": 645, "f": 85, "j": null, "on": "ゲン", "kun": "あらわ.れる、あらわ.す、うつつ、うつ.つ", "m": "present; existing; actual", "pm": "present", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "見", "nj": "みる", "ne": "to see"}], "hc": "king; jewel; ball; see; telescope; eye; human legs", "hk": "present", "hs": "Do not think of a \"gift\" here, but of the <b>present</b> moment, as distinct from the future and the past. The kanji gives us a <i>ball</i> in which we see the <b>present</b>  \\- obviously a crystal <i>ball</i> that enables us to <i>see</i> things going on at the <b>present</b> in faraway places.", "ks": "Many people claim that Elvis (The KING) has been SEEN walking around in the PRESENT.", "v": [{"w": "現れる", "rd": "あらわれる", "mn": "to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to come out; to embody; to mater", "fr": 665}, {"w": "現実", "rd": "げんじつ", "mn": "reality; actuality; hard fact", "fr": 1031}, {"w": "現在", "rd": "げんざい", "mn": "the present; present time; now", "fr": 1080}, {"w": "現場", "rd": "げんば", "mn": "actual spot; scene (of a crime, accident, etc.)", "fr": 1438}, {"w": "表現", "rd": "ひょうげん", "mn": "expression; representation; description", "fr": 2317}, {"w": "現状", "rd": "げんじょう", "mn": "present condition; existing state; status quo; current state", "fr": 2788}, {"w": "実現", "rd": "じつげん", "mn": "implementation (e.g. of a system); materialization; materialisation; realization", "fr": 3253}, {"w": "再現", "rd": "さいげん", "mn": "reappearance; reemergence; return; revival", "fr": 3921}, {"w": "出現", "rd": "しゅつげん", "mn": "appearance; emergence; advent; arrival; showing up; coming to existence", "fr": 4025}, {"w": "現象", "rd": "げんしょう", "mn": "phenomenon", "fr": 4126}, {"w": "現代", "rd": "げんだい", "mn": "present age; present day; today", "fr": 4470}, {"w": "現に", "rd": "げんに", "mn": "actually; really", "fr": 4760}, {"w": "現実的", "rd": "げんじつてき", "mn": "realistic; pragmatic", "fr": 5426}, {"w": "現金", "rd": "げんきん", "mn": "cash; ready money; money on hand; currency", "fr": 5659}, {"w": "現地", "rd": "げんち", "mn": "actual place; actual location; the spot; the scene; the field; (on) site", "fr": 6015}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 397, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "性", "g": 5, "o": 646, "f": 104, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ショウ", "kun": "さが", "m": "sex; gender; nature", "pm": "sex", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "生", "nj": "うまれる", "ne": "birth"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; life; This is Your Life; cell; drop; grow up", "hk": "sex", "hs": "State of mind . . . cell.", "ks": "<b>Sex</b> is the only <i>state of mind</i> for many men through their whole <i>life</i>.", "v": [{"w": "女性", "rd": "じょせい", "mn": "woman; female", "fr": 604}, {"w": "可能性", "rd": "かのうせい", "mn": "possibility; chance; likelihood; probability", "fr": 671}, {"w": "男性", "rd": "だんせい", "mn": "man; male", "fr": 1267}, {"w": "性格", "rd": "せいかく", "mn": "character (of a person); personality; disposition; nature", "fr": 1382}, {"w": "性", "rd": "せい", "mn": "nature (of a person)", "fr": 2469}, {"w": "可能性が高い", "rd": "かのうせいがたかい", "mn": "very likely; very probable", "fr": 3900}, {"w": "根性", "rd": "こんじょう", "mn": "willpower; guts; determination; grit; spirit", "fr": 3933}, {"w": "相性", "rd": "あいしょう", "mn": "affinity; compatibility; chemistry (between people)", "fr": 4122}, {"w": "理性", "rd": "りせい", "mn": "reason; reasoning power; (one's) sense", "fr": 4539}, {"w": "性質", "rd": "せいしつ", "mn": "nature (of a person); disposition; temperament; character", "fr": 5577}, {"w": "個性", "rd": "こせい", "mn": "individuality; personality; quirk; idiosyncrasy; character; individual character", "fr": 5908}, {"w": "本性", "rd": "ほんしょう", "mn": "true character; real nature", "fr": 6140}, {"w": "異性", "rd": "いせい", "mn": "the opposite sex", "fr": 6799}, {"w": "性別", "rd": "せいべつ", "mn": "(distinction of) sex; gender", "fr": 7231}, {"w": "性能", "rd": "せいのう", "mn": "ability; performance; efficiency", "fr": 7364}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 223, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "制", "g": 5, "o": 647, "f": 108, "j": null, "on": "セイ", "kun": "", "m": "system; law; rule", "pm": "system", "r": [{"c": "牛", "nj": "うし", "ne": "cow"}, {"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "cow; belt; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "system", "hs": "This kanji show a unique <b>system</b> for leading <i>cows</i> to the slaughterer's <i>saber</i> : one ties a <i>belt</i> about their waist and fixes that <i>belt</i> to an overhead cable, pulling the <i>cow</i> up into the air where it hangs suspended, helpless against the fate that awaits it.", "ks": "The <b>system</b> for making leather <i>belts</i> involves slicing up a <i>cow</i> with a <i>sword</i>.", "v": [{"w": "制服", "rd": "せいふく", "mn": "uniform", "fr": 2272}, {"w": "制御", "rd": "せいぎょ", "mn": "control (of a machine, device, etc.)", "fr": 4414}, {"w": "強制", "rd": "きょうせい", "mn": "compulsion; coercion; forcing (to do); enforcement", "fr": 4429}, {"w": "制限", "rd": "せいげん", "mn": "restriction; restraint; limitation; limit", "fr": 4827}, {"w": "制作", "rd": "せいさく", "mn": "work (film, book)", "fr": 5477}, {"w": "制する", "rd": "せいする", "mn": "to hold back (e.g. emotions); to rein in (e.g. a horse, unruly people); to bridl", "fr": 5536}, {"w": "強制的", "rd": "きょうせいてき", "mn": "forced; compulsory", "fr": 6139}, {"w": "体制", "rd": "たいせい", "mn": "order; system; structure; set-up; organization; organisation", "fr": 7118}, {"w": "制", "rd": "せい", "mn": "system; organization; organisation; imperial command; laws; regulation; control;", "fr": 7197}, {"w": "制止", "rd": "せいし", "mn": "control; check; restraint; inhibition", "fr": 8160}, {"w": "制圧", "rd": "せいあつ", "mn": "gaining total control (of people or counties); suppression; oppression; control;", "fr": 8301}, {"w": "制度", "rd": "せいど", "mn": "system; institution; organization; organisation", "fr": 8413}, {"w": "規制", "rd": "きせい", "mn": "regulation; (traffic) policing; control; restriction", "fr": 12958}, {"w": "抑制", "rd": "よくせい", "mn": "control; restraint; suppression; constraint; curtailment; inhibition; check; cur", "fr": 13509}, {"w": "制裁", "rd": "せいさい", "mn": "sanctions; punishment", "fr": 13812}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 46, "rp": 47, "l": 9, "n": ""}}, {"k": "務", "g": 5, "o": 648, "f": 111, "j": null, "on": "ム", "kun": "つと.める", "m": "task; duties", "pm": "task", "r": [{"c": "矛", "nj": "ほこ", "ne": "halberd"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "halberd; beforehand; taskmaster; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "task", "hs": "Halberd . . . taskmaster . . . muscle.", "ks": "It is with the <i>halberd</i> he holds that the <i>taskmaster</i> exerts his <i>power</i> over those actually performing the <b>task</b>.", "v": [{"w": "務める", "rd": "つとめる", "mn": "to work (for); to be employed (at); to serve (in)", "fr": 3046}, {"w": "義務", "rd": "ぎむ", "mn": "duty; obligation; responsibility", "fr": 3352}, {"w": "任務", "rd": "にんむ", "mn": "duty; function; office; mission; task; role", "fr": 3355}, {"w": "事務所", "rd": "じむしょ", "mn": "office", "fr": 3612}, {"w": "務め", "rd": "つとめ", "mn": "service; duty; business; responsibility; task", "fr": 4820}, {"w": "業務", "rd": "ぎょうむ", "mn": "business; work; operations; service; duties", "fr": 5660}, {"w": "勤務", "rd": "きんむ", "mn": "service; duty; work", "fr": 6684}, {"w": "刑務所", "rd": "けいむしょ", "mn": "prison; jail; gaol; penitentiary", "fr": 9098}, {"w": "職務", "rd": "しょくむ", "mn": "professional duties", "fr": 9645}, {"w": "事務", "rd": "じむ", "mn": "office work; clerical work; administration; business; affairs", "fr": 9952}, {"w": "責務", "rd": "せきむ", "mn": "duty; obligation", "fr": 12220}, {"w": "事務的", "rd": "じむてき", "mn": "administrative; businesslike; practical", "fr": 15821}, {"w": "公務員", "rd": "こうむいん", "mn": "public employee; government employee; public-sector worker; public servant; civi", "fr": 16881}, {"w": "専務", "rd": "せんむ", "mn": "special duty; being in sole charge of a duty", "fr": 23619}, {"w": "公務", "rd": "こうむ", "mn": "official business; public business", "fr": 24136}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 4, "rp": 56, "l": 12, "n": "務める 疑う"}}, {"k": "統", "g": 5, "o": 649, "f": 125, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "す.べる", "m": "overall; relationship; ruling; governing", "pm": "overall", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "充", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "allot"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; allot; infant; toddler; top hat; elbow; human legs", "hk": "overall", "hs": "Thread . . . allot.", "ks": "<i>Spidey</i> is <i>alloted</i> the biggest crime fighter jurisdiction in NYC because his <b>OVERALL</b> arrest record is the best.", "v": [{"w": "伝統", "rd": "でんとう", "mn": "tradition; convention", "fr": 6771}, {"w": "統一", "rd": "とういつ", "mn": "unity; consolidation; uniformity; unification; compatible", "fr": 7826}, {"w": "系統", "rd": "けいとう", "mn": "system", "fr": 12504}, {"w": "大統領", "rd": "だいとうりょう", "mn": "president (of a country)", "fr": 12540}, {"w": "統治", "rd": "とうち", "mn": "rule; reign; government; governing", "fr": 15847}, {"w": "統合", "rd": "とうごう", "mn": "integration; unification; unity; combination; consolidation; synthesis", "fr": 16186}, {"w": "統制", "rd": "とうせい", "mn": "regulation; control", "fr": 17241}, {"w": "統括", "rd": "とうかつ", "mn": "unification; bringing together; generalization", "fr": 18181}, {"w": "伝統的", "rd": "でんとうてき", "mn": "traditional; customary; conventional", "fr": 18221}, {"w": "統計", "rd": "とうけい", "mn": "statistics", "fr": 22245}, {"w": "正統", "rd": "せいとう", "mn": "legitimate; orthodox; traditional", "fr": 24601}, {"w": "伝統文化", "rd": "でんとうぶんか", "mn": "traditional culture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "統一感", "rd": "とういつかん", "mn": "sense of unity; sense of oneness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "統帥", "rd": "とうすい", "mn": "supreme command; high command", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "総統", "rd": "そうとう", "mn": "supreme ruler; generalissimo", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "総", "g": 5, "o": 650, "f": 129, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "す.べて、すべ.て、ふさ", "m": "general; whole; all; full; total", "pm": "general", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "忩", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "rush"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; public; eight; elbows; heart", "hk": "general", "hs": "This kanji, meaning universal or widespread, is composed of three elements: <i>thread</i> . . . <i>public</i> . . . <i>heart</i>.", "ks": "To win GENERAL approval THREAD your way into the PUBLIC's HEART.", "v": [{"w": "総合", "rd": "そうごう", "mn": "synthesis; combination; integration; putting together", "fr": 8597}, {"w": "総", "rd": "そう", "mn": "whole; total; gross; entire; overall; general (election, manager, etc.)", "fr": 8796}, {"w": "総動員", "rd": "そうどういん", "mn": "general mobilization; full mobilization", "fr": 15185}, {"w": "総勢", "rd": "そうぜい", "mn": "all members; whole army", "fr": 20743}, {"w": "総意", "rd": "そうい", "mn": "consensus; collective will; collective opinion", "fr": 20823}, {"w": "総合的", "rd": "そうごうてき", "mn": "comprehensive; composite; all-round; all-embracing; general; overall; combined; ", "fr": 21679}, {"w": "総理", "rd": "そうり", "mn": "prime minister (as the head of a cabinet government); premier", "fr": 24210}, {"w": "総数", "rd": "そうすう", "mn": "total (number); count", "fr": 24292}, {"w": "総会", "rd": "そうかい", "mn": "general meeting", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "総理大臣", "rd": "そうりだいじん", "mn": "prime minister (as the head of a cabinet government); premier", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "国民総生産", "rd": "こくみんそうせいさん", "mn": "gross national product; GNP", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "総会屋", "rd": "そうかいや", "mn": "extortionist that threatens to disrupt stock-holder meetings; sokaiya", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "総体", "rd": "そうたい", "mn": "the whole; all", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "総力", "rd": "そうりょく", "mn": "total energy; all efforts", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "総務", "rd": "そうむ", "mn": "general affairs; general business; manager; director; adjutant general", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 1, "rp": 6, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "領", "g": 5, "o": 651, "f": 138, "j": null, "on": "リョウ", "kun": "えり", "m": "jurisdiction; dominion; territory; fief; reign", "pm": "jurisdiction", "r": [{"c": "令", "nj": "レイ", "ne": "orders"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "orders; meeting; chop-seal; hanko; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "jurisdiction", "hs": "Orders . . . head.", "ks": "Orders are given by the head person in any jurisdiction.", "v": [{"w": "領域", "rd": "りょういき", "mn": "territory; domain", "fr": 5019}, {"w": "要領", "rd": "ようりょう", "mn": "point; gist; essentials; tenets; outline", "fr": 8422}, {"w": "占領", "rd": "せんりょう", "mn": "occupying; having (an area) all to oneself", "fr": 10815}, {"w": "大統領", "rd": "だいとうりょう", "mn": "president (of a country)", "fr": 12540}, {"w": "領地", "rd": "りょうち", "mn": "territory; dominion; grounds (e.g. school)", "fr": 14206}, {"w": "領土", "rd": "りょうど", "mn": "territory; domain; dominion; possession", "fr": 15579}, {"w": "領収書", "rd": "りょうしゅうしょ", "mn": "formal receipt (of payment; oft. hand-written)", "fr": 18908}, {"w": "横領", "rd": "おうりょう", "mn": "embezzlement; misappropriation; usurpation", "fr": 21390}, {"w": "首領", "rd": "しゅりょう", "mn": "head; chief; boss; leader", "fr": 23504}, {"w": "領事", "rd": "りょうじ", "mn": "consul", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "領収", "rd": "りょうしゅう", "mn": "receipt (of money); receiving", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "領海", "rd": "りょうかい", "mn": "territorial waters", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "受領", "rd": "じゅりょう", "mn": "receipt (of a letter, money, etc.); acceptance; receiving", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "学習指導要領", "rd": "がくしゅうしどうようりょう", "mn": "government course (curriculum) guidelines", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "本領", "rd": "ほんりょう", "mn": "characteristic quality; special character; one's real ability; one's specialty", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "設", "g": 5, "o": 652, "f": 145, "j": null, "on": "セツ", "kun": "もう.ける", "m": "establishment; provision; prepare", "pm": "establishment", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "establishment", "hs": "Words . . . missile.", "ks": "<b>Establishment</b> can be attacked by words or by missiles. Writers will use words, whereas militars will use missiles.", "v": [{"w": "設定", "rd": "せってい", "mn": "establishment; creation; posing (a problem); setting (movie, novel, etc.); scene", "fr": 2448}, {"w": "施設", "rd": "しせつ", "mn": "facility; facilities; institution; establishment", "fr": 2619}, {"w": "設置", "rd": "せっち", "mn": "establishment; institution", "fr": 3834}, {"w": "設備", "rd": "せつび", "mn": "equipment; facilities; installation; accommodations; conveniences; arrangements", "fr": 5836}, {"w": "設ける", "rd": "もうける", "mn": "to prepare; to provide", "fr": 6148}, {"w": "建設", "rd": "けんせつ", "mn": "construction; establishment", "fr": 6996}, {"w": "設計", "rd": "せっけい", "mn": "plan; design; layout", "fr": 7260}, {"w": "設立", "rd": "せつりつ", "mn": "establishment; founding", "fr": 10067}, {"w": "併設", "rd": "へいせつ", "mn": "joint establishment (esp. schools of different levels or different courses of st", "fr": 23040}, {"w": "創設", "rd": "そうせつ", "mn": "establishment; founding; organization; organisation", "fr": 23425}, {"w": "建設的", "rd": "けんせつてき", "mn": "constructive", "fr": 23592}, {"w": "仮設", "rd": "かせつ", "mn": "temporary construction; temporary establishment; provisional construction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公設", "rd": "こうせつ", "mn": "public (institution)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "増設", "rd": "ぞうせつ", "mn": "adding (equipment, facilities, etc.); establishing more; installing more; increa", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "常設", "rd": "じょうせつ", "mn": "standing (committee); permanent (exhibit)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "保", "g": 5, "o": 653, "f": 146, "j": null, "on": "ホ、ホウ", "kun": "たも.つ", "m": "protect; guarantee; keep; preserve; sustain; support", "pm": "protect", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "呆", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "be amazed"}], "hc": "person; dumbfounded; mouth; tree; wood", "hk": "protect", "hs": "Person . . . mouth . . . tree.", "ks": "To protect the environment people speak on the behalf of trees …", "v": [{"w": "保母", "rd": "ほぼ", "mn": "(female) childcare worker; nursery school teacher", "fr": 1507}, {"w": "保つ", "rd": "たもつ", "mn": "to keep; to preserve; to hold; to retain; to maintain; to sustain", "fr": 2106}, {"w": "確保", "rd": "かくほ", "mn": "securing; obtaining; ensuring; guarantee; maintaining", "fr": 2235}, {"w": "保証", "rd": "ほしょう", "mn": "guarantee; security; assurance; pledge", "fr": 2498}, {"w": "保護", "rd": "ほご", "mn": "protection; safeguard; guardianship; custody; patronage", "fr": 3484}, {"w": "保存", "rd": "ほぞん", "mn": "preservation; conservation; storage; maintenance", "fr": 4907}, {"w": "保管", "rd": "ほかん", "mn": "charge; custody; safekeeping; deposit; storage", "fr": 5176}, {"w": "保護者", "rd": "ほごしゃ", "mn": "guardian; protector; patron; parent", "fr": 5500}, {"w": "保険", "rd": "ほけん", "mn": "insurance", "fr": 6933}, {"w": "保留", "rd": "ほりゅう", "mn": "reservation; putting on hold; deferment; withholding", "fr": 9406}, {"w": "保障", "rd": "ほしょう", "mn": "guarantee; security; assurance; pledge", "fr": 12498}, {"w": "保持", "rd": "ほじ", "mn": "retention; maintenance; preservation", "fr": 13530}, {"w": "保有", "rd": "ほゆう", "mn": "possession; retention; maintenance; holding; keeping", "fr": 16749}, {"w": "保育園", "rd": "ほいくえん", "mn": "nursery school; day nursery; day care center", "fr": 18519}, {"w": "保健", "rd": "ほけん", "mn": "preservation of health; hygiene; sanitation", "fr": 18805}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 12, "rp": 7, "l": 1, "n": "保つ 程"}}, {"k": "支", "g": 5, "o": 654, "f": 159, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "ささ.える、つか.える、か.う", "m": "branch; support; sustain; branch radical (no. 65)", "pm": "branch", "r": [{"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "ten; needle; crotch", "hk": "branch", "hs": "Needle . . . crotch.", "ks": "Picture sliding down the <b>branch</b> of a tree (in this case a pine tree or any tree with <i>needles</i> ) and getting a bunch of <i>needles</i> stuck in your <i>crotch</i> –ouch!!", "v": [{"w": "支える", "rd": "ささえる", "mn": "to support; to prop; to sustain; to underlay; to hold up; to defend", "fr": 1410}, {"w": "支配", "rd": "しはい", "mn": "rule; domination; control", "fr": 2256}, {"w": "支度", "rd": "したく", "mn": "preparation; arrangements", "fr": 3332}, {"w": "支払う", "rd": "しはらう", "mn": "to pay", "fr": 4514}, {"w": "支援", "rd": "しえん", "mn": "support; backing; aid; assistance", "fr": 4952}, {"w": "支障", "rd": "ししょう", "mn": "obstacle; hindrance; impediment; difficulty", "fr": 6634}, {"w": "支払い", "rd": "しはらい", "mn": "payment", "fr": 7460}, {"w": "支持", "rd": "しじ", "mn": "support; backing; endorsement; approval", "fr": 7803}, {"w": "支給", "rd": "しきゅう", "mn": "provision; supply; payment; allowance; grant", "fr": 13015}, {"w": "差し支える", "rd": "さしつかえる", "mn": "to interfere (with); to hinder; to be hindered (from doing); to become impeded; ", "fr": 14894}, {"w": "支部", "rd": "しぶ", "mn": "branch; branch office; subdivision", "fr": 15759}, {"w": "支店", "rd": "してん", "mn": "branch office; branch store", "fr": 18503}, {"w": "支柱", "rd": "しちゅう", "mn": "prop; stay; support; brace; fulcrum", "fr": 22152}, {"w": "支配人", "rd": "しはいにん", "mn": "manager; executive", "fr": 22305}, {"w": "収支", "rd": "しゅうし", "mn": "income and expenditure", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 79, "rp": 38, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "報", "g": 5, "o": 655, "f": 167, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "むく.いる", "m": "report; news; reward; retribution", "pm": "report", "r": [{"c": "幸", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "happiness"}, {"c": "卩", "nj": "ふしづくり", "ne": "stamp"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "happiness; ten; needle; stand up; vase; underpants; stamp; crotch", "hk": "report", "hs": "<i>Happiness</i> . . . <i>stamp</i> . . . <i>crotch</i>. Compare frame 1501.", "ks": "The REPORT from the doctor made me HAPPY because it said that he had STAMPED out my CROTCH infection.", "v": [{"w": "情報", "rd": "じょうほう", "mn": "information; news; report; intelligence", "fr": 649}, {"w": "報告", "rd": "ほうこく", "mn": "report; information", "fr": 844}, {"w": "通報", "rd": "つうほう", "mn": "report; notification; tip; bulletin", "fr": 3961}, {"w": "報酬", "rd": "ほうしゅう", "mn": "remuneration; recompense; reward; toll", "fr": 4228}, {"w": "報いる", "rd": "むくいる", "mn": "to reward; to recompense; to repay", "fr": 5941}, {"w": "報われる", "rd": "むくわれる", "mn": "to be repaid; to be rewarded", "fr": 6527}, {"w": "報告書", "rd": "ほうこくしょ", "mn": "(written) report", "fr": 7490}, {"w": "報道", "rd": "ほうどう", "mn": "report (of news); reporting; news; information; (media) coverage", "fr": 7662}, {"w": "警報", "rd": "けいほう", "mn": "warning; alarm; alert", "fr": 10139}, {"w": "報復", "rd": "ほうふく", "mn": "retaliation; revenge; reprisal; retribution", "fr": 10818}, {"w": "天気予報", "rd": "てんきよほう", "mn": "weather forecast; weather report", "fr": 14109}, {"w": "報", "rd": "ほう", "mn": "information; news; report", "fr": 14210}, {"w": "朗報", "rd": "ろうほう", "mn": "good news; happy news; glad tidings", "fr": 15700}, {"w": "予報", "rd": "よほう", "mn": "forecast; prediction", "fr": 18233}, {"w": "広報", "rd": "こうほう", "mn": "public relations; PR; publicity; public information", "fr": 19172}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 310, "rp": 12, "l": 1, "n": "予報 洋服"}}, {"k": "得", "g": 5, "o": 656, "f": 175, "j": null, "on": "トク", "kun": "え.る、う.る", "m": "gain; get; find; earn; acquire; can; may; able to; profit; advantage; benefit", "pm": "gain", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "㝵", "nj": "", "ne": "to get"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; bill posters; nightbreak; sun; day; one; floor; glue", "hk": "gain", "hs": "Column . . . nightbreak . . . glue.", "ks": "Just to GAIN a level in WOW, I will keep GOING until NIGHTBREAK GLUED to my PC.", "v": [{"w": "得る", "rd": "うる", "mn": "to be able to ...; can ...", "fr": 838}, {"w": "納得", "rd": "なっとく", "mn": "consent; agreement; acceptance", "fr": 977}, {"w": "得意", "rd": "とくい", "mn": "satisfaction; pride; triumph; elation", "fr": 1270}, {"w": "説得", "rd": "せっとく", "mn": "persuasion", "fr": 2113}, {"w": "説得力", "rd": "せっとくりょく", "mn": "persuasiveness; powers of persuasion; cogency", "fr": 4929}, {"w": "得", "rd": "とく", "mn": "profit; advantage; benefit; gain", "fr": 5150}, {"w": "獲得", "rd": "かくとく", "mn": "acquisition; possession", "fr": 5661}, {"w": "心得る", "rd": "こころえる", "mn": "to know; to understand; to be aware of; to regard as; to take for", "fr": 5953}, {"w": "あり得ない", "rd": "ありえない", "mn": "impossible", "fr": 6254}, {"w": "習得", "rd": "しゅうとく", "mn": "learning; acquisition (of a skill, knowledge, etc.)", "fr": 10158}, {"w": "心得", "rd": "こころえ", "mn": "knowledge; understanding", "fr": 10721}, {"w": "得策", "rd": "とくさく", "mn": "good policy; wise policy; best plan", "fr": 10935}, {"w": "取得", "rd": "しゅとく", "mn": "obtaining (a qualification, right, object, etc.); acquisition (of land, property", "fr": 10999}, {"w": "得する", "rd": "とくする", "mn": "to make a profit", "fr": 12309}, {"w": "得点", "rd": "とくてん", "mn": "scoring; score; points made; marks obtained; goals; runs", "fr": 14703}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 4, "rp": 32, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "解", "g": 5, "o": 657, "f": 176, "j": null, "on": "カイ、ゲ", "kun": "と.く、と.かす、と.ける、ほど.く、ほぐ.す、わか.る、さと.る", "m": "unravel; notes; key; explanation; understanding; untie; undo; solve; answer; cancel; absolve; explain; minute", "pm": "unravel", "r": [{"c": "角", "nj": "つの", "ne": "horn"}, {"c": "刀", "nj": "かたな", "ne": "knife"}, {"c": "牛", "nj": "うし", "ne": "cow"}], "hc": "angle; bound up; glass canopy; hood; walking cane; stick; two; sword; dagger; cow", "hk": "unravel", "hs": "Angle . . . dagger . . . cow.", "ks": "Unravel the mystery by determining at what ANGLE the SWORD went into the COW.", "v": [{"w": "理解", "rd": "りかい", "mn": "understanding; comprehension; appreciation", "fr": 706}, {"w": "解決", "rd": "かいけつ", "mn": "settlement; solution; resolution", "fr": 1247}, {"w": "了解", "rd": "りょうかい", "mn": "comprehension; consent; understanding; agreement", "fr": 1278}, {"w": "誤解", "rd": "ごかい", "mn": "misunderstanding", "fr": 1436}, {"w": "正解", "rd": "せいかい", "mn": "correct answer; right solution; correct interpretation", "fr": 1504}, {"w": "解放", "rd": "かいほう", "mn": "release; unleashing; liberation; emancipation; setting free", "fr": 1630}, {"w": "解く", "rd": "とく", "mn": "to untie; to unfasten; to unwrap; to undo; to unbind; to unpack", "fr": 2000}, {"w": "解ける", "rd": "とける", "mn": "to be solved; to be worked out", "fr": 2283}, {"w": "解散", "rd": "かいさん", "mn": "breaking up (a meeting, gathering, etc.); dispersal (e.g. of a crowd)", "fr": 3287}, {"w": "解除", "rd": "かいじょ", "mn": "termination (of a contract); cancellation; rescinding; rescission", "fr": 3552}, {"w": "解釈", "rd": "かいしゃく", "mn": "interpretation; explanation; reading; construction", "fr": 4263}, {"w": "解消", "rd": "かいしょう", "mn": "cancellation; liquidation; resolution; reduction (e.g. of stress)", "fr": 4838}, {"w": "解説", "rd": "かいせつ", "mn": "explanation; commentary; exposition; elucidation", "fr": 5171}, {"w": "解る", "rd": "わかる", "mn": "to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow", "fr": 6878}, {"w": "解体", "rd": "かいたい", "mn": "demolition; taking down; dismantling; disassembly; taking apart", "fr": 7693}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 110, "rp": 27, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "資", "g": 5, "o": 658, "f": 179, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "", "m": "assets; resources; capital; funds; data; be conducive to; contribute to", "pm": "assets", "r": [{"c": "次", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "next"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "next; ice; lack; yawn; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "assets", "hs": "The first <i>shells</i> (money) you earn, you use to pay your debts. From then on, the <i>next shells</i> you accumulate become your <b>assets</b>.", "ks": "<b>Assets</b> are the next best thing to money.", "v": [{"w": "資格", "rd": "しかく", "mn": "qualifications; requirements; capabilities", "fr": 2125}, {"w": "資料", "rd": "しりょう", "mn": "material; materials; data; information; documents", "fr": 2177}, {"w": "資金", "rd": "しきん", "mn": "funds; capital", "fr": 4931}, {"w": "投資", "rd": "とうし", "mn": "investment", "fr": 8575}, {"w": "資質", "rd": "ししつ", "mn": "nature; disposition; temperament; qualities; attributes; talents", "fr": 10826}, {"w": "物資", "rd": "ぶっし", "mn": "goods; materials; commodities; resources; supplies", "fr": 11344}, {"w": "資産", "rd": "しさん", "mn": "property; fortune; means; assets", "fr": 13290}, {"w": "資源", "rd": "しげん", "mn": "resources", "fr": 13622}, {"w": "資材", "rd": "しざい", "mn": "(raw) material", "fr": 16164}, {"w": "出資", "rd": "しゅっし", "mn": "investment; contribution; financing", "fr": 19660}, {"w": "融資", "rd": "ゆうし", "mn": "financing; loan", "fr": 20513}, {"w": "資本", "rd": "しほん", "mn": "funds; capital", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "原資", "rd": "げんし", "mn": "capital; principal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "固定資産", "rd": "こていしさん", "mn": "fixed assets", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "増資", "rd": "ぞうし", "mn": "increase of capital", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "際", "g": 5, "o": 659, "f": 183, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "きわ、-ぎわ", "m": "occasion; side; edge; verge; dangerous; adventurous; indecent; time; when", "pm": "occasion", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "祭", "nj": "サイ", "ne": "ritual"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; ritual; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; crotch; altar; show; two; small", "hk": "occasion", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . ritual.", "ks": "On occasian, <i>rituals</i> are held at the very tip of <i>The Pinnacle</i>.", "v": [{"w": "実際", "rd": "じっさい", "mn": "reality; actuality; truth; fact; actual conditions", "fr": 983}, {"w": "際", "rd": "さい", "mn": "occasion; time; circumstances; (in) case (of); when", "fr": 1362}, {"w": "実際は", "rd": "じっさいは", "mn": "in fact; as a matter of fact; actually; in reality; to tell the truth", "fr": 5638}, {"w": "交際", "rd": "こうさい", "mn": "company; friendship; association; society; acquaintance", "fr": 7278}, {"w": "間際", "rd": "まぎわ", "mn": "the point just before ...; the point of (doing); the verge (of); the eve (of)", "fr": 8126}, {"w": "手際", "rd": "てぎわ", "mn": "skill; ability; dexterity", "fr": 8138}, {"w": "窓際", "rd": "まどぎわ", "mn": "at the window; by the window; next to the window", "fr": 9350}, {"w": "際立つ", "rd": "きわだつ", "mn": "to be prominent; to be conspicuous; to stand out; to be outstanding; to be remar", "fr": 10016}, {"w": "国際", "rd": "こくさい", "mn": "international", "fr": 11218}, {"w": "手際よく", "rd": "てぎわよく", "mn": "efficiently; skillfully; adeptly; adroitly; deftly", "fr": 16172}, {"w": "瀬戸際", "rd": "せとぎわ", "mn": "brink; verge; critical moment; crucial moment", "fr": 19702}, {"w": "に際して", "rd": "にさいして", "mn": "on the occasion of; at the time of; when; during", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "交際費", "rd": "こうさいひ", "mn": "entertainment expenses", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国際人", "rd": "こくさいじん", "mn": "internationally minded person; cosmopolitan; cosmopolite; citizen of the world", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国際化", "rd": "こくさいか", "mn": "internationalization; internationalisation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 100, "rp": 42, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "査", "g": 5, "o": 660, "f": 184, "j": null, "on": "サ", "kun": "", "m": "investigate", "pm": "investigate", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "且", "nj": "ショ", "ne": "moreover"}], "hc": "tree; wood; shelf; my bookshelves", "hk": "investigate", "hs": "Tree . . . shelf.", "ks": "A whole team of cops is sent to <b>investigate</b> how a <i>tree</i> could grow on top of a <i>shelf</i> with no soil or water.", "v": [{"w": "調査", "rd": "ちょうさ", "mn": "investigation; examination; inquiry; enquiry; survey", "fr": 1983}, {"w": "捜査", "rd": "そうさ", "mn": "search (esp. in criminal investigations); investigation; inquiry; enquiry", "fr": 3752}, {"w": "検査", "rd": "けんさ", "mn": "inspection (e.g. customs, factory); examination; test; check; scan (e.g. MRI, PE", "fr": 3951}, {"w": "審査", "rd": "しんさ", "mn": "judging; inspection; examination; investigation; review", "fr": 7865}, {"w": "捜査官", "rd": "そうさかん", "mn": "(police) investigator", "fr": 24078}, {"w": "査定", "rd": "さてい", "mn": "assessment (of value, damages, etc.); revision (of a budget)", "fr": 24592}, {"w": "巡査", "rd": "じゅんさ", "mn": "police officer; policeman; constable", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "主査", "rd": "しゅさ", "mn": "chief examiner or investigator", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "会計検査院", "rd": "かいけいけんさいん", "mn": "Board of Audit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国勢調査", "rd": "こくせいちょうさ", "mn": "(national) census", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "実態調査", "rd": "じったいちょうさ", "mn": "fact-finding investigation; investigation into actual conditions; fact-finding s", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "市場調査", "rd": "しじょうちょうさ", "mn": "market research", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "意識調査", "rd": "いしきちょうさ", "mn": "attitude survey; opinion poll", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "探査", "rd": "たんさ", "mn": "probe; inquiry; enquiry; investigation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "査問", "rd": "さもん", "mn": "inquiry; enquiry; hearing", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 51, "rp": 58, "l": 10, "n": "検査 基本的に"}}, {"k": "告", "g": 5, "o": 661, "f": 188, "j": null, "on": "コク", "kun": "つ.げる", "m": "revelation; tell; inform; announce", "pm": "revelation", "r": [{"c": "牛", "nj": "うし", "ne": "cow"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "cow; mouth", "hk": "revelation", "hs": "Folklore throughout the world tells us of talking animals who show a wisdom superior to that of human beings, and that same tradition has found its way into television shows and cartoons right into our own century. This character depicts <b>revelation</b> through the <i>mouth</i> of a <i>cow</i> , suggesting oracular utterances about truths hidden to human intelligence.", "ks": "The <b>revelation</b> makes the cow's mouth drop down, \"Hamburgers are made of what?!\".", "v": [{"w": "報告", "rd": "ほうこく", "mn": "report; information", "fr": 844}, {"w": "告白", "rd": "こくはく", "mn": "confession (to a crime, wrongdoing, etc.); admission", "fr": 1851}, {"w": "告げる", "rd": "つげる", "mn": "to tell; to inform; to announce", "fr": 2472}, {"w": "忠告", "rd": "ちゅうこく", "mn": "advice; warning", "fr": 3601}, {"w": "警告", "rd": "けいこく", "mn": "warning; caution; admonition", "fr": 4790}, {"w": "予告", "rd": "よこく", "mn": "(advance) notice; preliminary announcement; warning", "fr": 7286}, {"w": "報告書", "rd": "ほうこくしょ", "mn": "(written) report", "fr": 7490}, {"w": "広告", "rd": "こうこく", "mn": "advertisement; advertising", "fr": 9787}, {"w": "宣告", "rd": "せんこく", "mn": "sentence; verdict; pronouncement", "fr": 11364}, {"w": "告発", "rd": "こくはつ", "mn": "indictment; prosecution; complaint", "fr": 12284}, {"w": "告知", "rd": "こくち", "mn": "notice; notification; announcement; disclosure; declaration", "fr": 13050}, {"w": "申告", "rd": "しんこく", "mn": "report; return (e.g. tax); statement; declaration; notification; filing", "fr": 20389}, {"w": "勧告", "rd": "かんこく", "mn": "advice; counsel; remonstrance; recommendation", "fr": 22416}, {"w": "通告", "rd": "つうこく", "mn": "announcement; notice", "fr": 22428}, {"w": "被告人", "rd": "ひこくにん", "mn": "accused; defendant; prisoner at the bar", "fr": 23476}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 143, "rp": 27, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "判", "g": 5, "o": 662, "f": 197, "j": null, "on": "ハン、バン", "kun": "わか.る", "m": "judgement; judgment; signature; stamp; seal", "pm": "judgement", "r": [{"c": "半", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "half"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "judgement; half; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "judgment", "hs": "<i>Half</i> . . . <i>saber</i>. You might recall the famous <b>judgment</b> of King Solomon, who offered to slice a baby in two with a <i>saber</i> to give <i>half</i> to each of the mothers who claimed it as her own.", "ks": "It takes good judgement to cut things in exactly half with a saber.", "v": [{"w": "判断", "rd": "はんだん", "mn": "judgment; judgement; decision; conclusion; adjudication", "fr": 1056}, {"w": "評判", "rd": "ひょうばん", "mn": "reputation; (public) estimation; popularity", "fr": 2683}, {"w": "判明", "rd": "はんめい", "mn": "establishing; proving; ascertaining; identifying; confirming", "fr": 4179}, {"w": "裁判", "rd": "さいばん", "mn": "trial; judgement; judgment", "fr": 7245}, {"w": "批判", "rd": "ひはん", "mn": "criticism; judgement; judgment; comment", "fr": 8118}, {"w": "判定", "rd": "はんてい", "mn": "judgement; judgment; decision; ruling; finding; adjudication; verdict; call", "fr": 8610}, {"w": "審判", "rd": "しんぱん", "mn": "judgement; judgment; decision; verdict; sentence", "fr": 9903}, {"w": "判決", "rd": "はんけつ", "mn": "judicial decision; judgement; judgment; sentence; decree", "fr": 14785}, {"w": "判る", "rd": "わかる", "mn": "to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow", "fr": 16062}, {"w": "裁判所", "rd": "さいばんしょ", "mn": "court; courthouse", "fr": 19184}, {"w": "判", "rd": "はん", "mn": "seal; stamp; monogram signature", "fr": 24273}, {"w": "判事", "rd": "はんじ", "mn": "judge; judiciary", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "判子", "rd": "はんこ", "mn": "seal (used in lieu of a signature); stamp; chop", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "公判", "rd": "こうはん", "mn": "public hearing; trial", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "判例", "rd": "はんれい", "mn": "judicial precedent; leading case; prior case", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 17, "rp": 49, "l": 8, "n": "判断 洋服 権利"}}, {"k": "在", "g": 5, "o": 663, "f": 211, "j": null, "on": "ザイ", "kun": "あ.る", "m": "exist; outskirts; suburbs; located in", "pm": "exist", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "genie; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "exist", "hs": "Genie in the bottle . . . soil.", "ks": "Genie in the bottle does <b>exist</b> but you need to dig deep into the soil to find one.", "v": [{"w": "存在", "rd": "そんざい", "mn": "existence; being; presence", "fr": 495}, {"w": "現在", "rd": "げんざい", "mn": "the present; present time; now", "fr": 1080}, {"w": "実在", "rd": "じつざい", "mn": "actual existence; real existence; existing in real life", "fr": 4729}, {"w": "不在", "rd": "ふざい", "mn": "absence", "fr": 5394}, {"w": "滞在", "rd": "たいざい", "mn": "stay; sojourn", "fr": 6877}, {"w": "自在", "rd": "じざい", "mn": "being able to do as one pleases; doing at will", "fr": 8264}, {"w": "健在", "rd": "けんざい", "mn": "in good health; alive and well; going strong", "fr": 8966}, {"w": "所在", "rd": "しょざい", "mn": "location (of); position; whereabouts; place where one is", "fr": 10374}, {"w": "在る", "rd": "ある", "mn": "to be; to exist; to live", "fr": 11146}, {"w": "在庫", "rd": "ざいこ", "mn": "stock; inventory", "fr": 11865}, {"w": "在籍", "rd": "ざいせき", "mn": "being enrolled (at a school); being registered; being a member (of a team, organ", "fr": 15226}, {"w": "点在", "rd": "てんざい", "mn": "being dotted about; being scattered; being interspersed", "fr": 17118}, {"w": "在住", "rd": "ざいじゅう", "mn": "residing; living; dwelling", "fr": 18374}, {"w": "在学", "rd": "ざいがく", "mn": "attending (school, college, etc.); being enrolled; being a student", "fr": 21365}, {"w": "在宅", "rd": "ざいたく", "mn": "being at home; being in", "fr": 23151}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 3, "rp": 31, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "件", "g": 5, "o": 664, "f": 212, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "くだん", "m": "affair; case; matter; item", "pm": "affair", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "牛", "nj": "うし", "ne": "cow"}], "hc": "person; cow", "hk": "affair", "hs": "Person . . . cow.", "ks": "How could you have an affair with that person?? She's a cow!", "v": [{"w": "件", "rd": "けん", "mn": "matter; affair; case; item; subject", "fr": 783}, {"w": "事件", "rd": "じけん", "mn": "event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble; scandal", "fr": 848}, {"w": "条件", "rd": "じょうけん", "mn": "condition; term; requirement; qualification; prerequisite", "fr": 1358}, {"w": "用件", "rd": "ようけん", "mn": "business; thing to be done; something that should be performed; information that", "fr": 3116}, {"w": "一件", "rd": "いっけん", "mn": "(one) matter; (one) item; (one) case", "fr": 3878}, {"w": "案件", "rd": "あんけん", "mn": "matter (to discuss); item (on the agenda); issue; topic; case", "fr": 6740}, {"w": "殺人事件", "rd": "さつじんじけん", "mn": "murder case", "fr": 8480}, {"w": "物件", "rd": "ぶっけん", "mn": "article; thing; object", "fr": 9875}, {"w": "無条件", "rd": "むじょうけん", "mn": "unconditional", "fr": 10709}, {"w": "大事件", "rd": "だいじけん", "mn": "major incident; major happening; big scandal", "fr": 12123}, {"w": "要件", "rd": "ようけん", "mn": "important matter", "fr": 20661}, {"w": "本件", "rd": "ほんけん", "mn": "this matter; this case", "fr": 23367}, {"w": "人件費", "rd": "じんけんひ", "mn": "personnel expenses; labor cost; labour cost", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "件数", "rd": "けんすう", "mn": "number of cases, incidents, items, messages, accounts, etc.", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "刑事事件", "rd": "けいじじけん", "mn": "criminal case", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 106, "rp": 23, "l": 3, "n": "事件 牛 許す"}}, {"k": "団", "g": 5, "o": 665, "f": 213, "j": null, "on": "ダン、トン", "kun": "かたまり、まる.い", "m": "group; association", "pm": "group", "r": [{"c": "囗", "nj": "くにがまえ", "ne": "border"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "pent in; glue", "hk": "group", "hs": "Glued . . . pent in.", "ks": "A pent-in group will naturally be more cohesive, or \" glued together.\".", "v": [{"w": "布団", "rd": "ふとん", "mn": "futon", "fr": 2873}, {"w": "集団", "rd": "しゅうだん", "mn": "group; mass", "fr": 3054}, {"w": "団体", "rd": "だんたい", "mn": "group; party; team", "fr": 5583}, {"w": "軍団", "rd": "ぐんだん", "mn": "army corps; corps", "fr": 10178}, {"w": "一団", "rd": "いちだん", "mn": "body; group; party; gang; troupe; troop", "fr": 13854}, {"w": "団結", "rd": "だんけつ", "mn": "unity; union; solidarity; combination; banding together; teaming up", "fr": 15101}, {"w": "団長", "rd": "だんちょう", "mn": "leader of a group", "fr": 15610}, {"w": "座布団", "rd": "ざぶとん", "mn": "zabuton", "fr": 16149}, {"w": "劇団", "rd": "げきだん", "mn": "troupe; theatrical company", "fr": 21463}, {"w": "暴力団", "rd": "ぼうりょくだん", "mn": "bōryokudan; gangster organization (organisation); crime syndicate; yakuza", "fr": 23458}, {"w": "団員", "rd": "だんいん", "mn": "group member", "fr": 23691}, {"w": "公団", "rd": "こうだん", "mn": "public corporation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "団地", "rd": "だんち", "mn": "multi-unit apartments; apartment complex", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "団扇", "rd": "うちわ", "mn": "uchiwa", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "交響楽団", "rd": "こうきょうがくだん", "mn": "symphony orchestra", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 12, "rp": 15, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "任", "g": 5, "o": 666, "f": 217, "j": null, "on": "ニン", "kun": "まか.せる、まか.す", "m": "responsibility; duty; term; entrust to; appoint", "pm": "responsibility", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "壬", "nj": "ニン", "ne": "9th calendar sign"}], "hc": "person; porter; drop; samurai", "hk": "responsibility", "hs": "Person . . . porter.", "ks": "It is always <i>Mr. T</i> 's <b>responsibility</b> to be the <i>porter</i> and carry around everyone's luggage because he's so strong.", "v": [{"w": "任せる", "rd": "まかせる", "mn": "to leave (a matter, decision, etc. to someone); to entrust (to someone); to entr", "fr": 462}, {"w": "責任", "rd": "せきにん", "mn": "duty; responsibility (incl. supervision of staff)", "fr": 897}, {"w": "任す", "rd": "まかす", "mn": "to entrust (to someone); to leave (in someone's hands)", "fr": 2659}, {"w": "任務", "rd": "にんむ", "mn": "duty; function; office; mission; task; role", "fr": 3355}, {"w": "無責任", "rd": "むせきにん", "mn": "irresponsibility", "fr": 5168}, {"w": "担任", "rd": "たんにん", "mn": "being in charge of (esp. a class or subject); taking charge of", "fr": 6228}, {"w": "責任者", "rd": "せきにんしゃ", "mn": "person in charge (including a supervisory role for other staff); person responsi", "fr": 6533}, {"w": "就任", "rd": "しゅうにん", "mn": "assumption (of office); taking up (a post); inauguration; installation", "fr": 9950}, {"w": "責任感", "rd": "せきにんかん", "mn": "sense of responsibility", "fr": 10211}, {"w": "任命", "rd": "にんめい", "mn": "appointment; nomination; ordination; commission; designation", "fr": 11208}, {"w": "任", "rd": "にん", "mn": "obligation; duty; charge; responsibility", "fr": 11803}, {"w": "主任", "rd": "しゅにん", "mn": "person in charge; senior staff; manager; chief; head", "fr": 12203}, {"w": "一任", "rd": "いちにん", "mn": "entrusting (everything to); leaving (a matter) entirely with", "fr": 15213}, {"w": "任意", "rd": "にんい", "mn": "optional; voluntary; arbitrary; random; discretionary; facultative; spontaneous;", "fr": 15363}, {"w": "赴任", "rd": "ふにん", "mn": "moving to a different location to start a new job; (proceeding to) new appointme", "fr": 16016}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 68, "rp": 48, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "増", "g": 5, "o": 667, "f": 231, "j": null, "on": "ゾウ", "kun": "ま.す、ま.し、ふ.える、ふ.やす", "m": "increase; add; augment; gain; promote", "pm": "increase", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "曽", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "formerly"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; formerly; horns; rice field; brains; sun; day", "hk": "increase", "hs": "This kanji depicts an <b>increase</b> of <i>soil</i> , multiplying so fast that it literally buries everything in its path.", "ks": "Prices always <b>INCREASE</b> for LAND that was FORMERLY cheaper.", "v": [{"w": "増える", "rd": "ふえる", "mn": "to increase; to multiply", "fr": 770}, {"w": "増やす", "rd": "ふやす", "mn": "to increase; to add to; to augment", "fr": 1855}, {"w": "増す", "rd": "ます", "mn": "to increase; to grow", "fr": 2675}, {"w": "増加", "rd": "ぞうか", "mn": "increase; rise; growth; addition; increment", "fr": 10508}, {"w": "増大", "rd": "ぞうだい", "mn": "enlargement; increase", "fr": 13528}, {"w": "増し", "rd": "まし", "mn": "better; preferable; less objectionable; least-worst", "fr": 13608}, {"w": "倍増", "rd": "ばいぞう", "mn": "doubling; double", "fr": 14546}, {"w": "増殖", "rd": "ぞうしょく", "mn": "increase; multiplication; propagation; proliferation", "fr": 16050}, {"w": "増強", "rd": "ぞうきょう", "mn": "reinforcement; augmentation; strengthening; increase; buildup", "fr": 17182}, {"w": "増減", "rd": "ぞうげん", "mn": "increase and decrease; fluctuation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "増進", "rd": "ぞうしん", "mn": "promoting; increase; advance", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "増刷", "rd": "ぞうさつ", "mn": "additional printing; additional print run; reprint", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "増収", "rd": "ぞうしゅう", "mn": "increase in yield", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "増員", "rd": "ぞういん", "mn": "increasing the number of staff; hiring more people", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "増水", "rd": "ぞうすい", "mn": "rising water (of river, lake, etc.); swelling water; increased water; high water", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 110, "rp": 33, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "情", "g": 5, "o": 668, "f": 235, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ、セイ", "kun": "なさ.け", "m": "feelings; emotion; passion; sympathy; circumstances; facts", "pm": "feelings", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "青", "nj": "あお", "ne": "blue"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; blue; grow up; moon; flesh", "hk": "feelings", "hs": "<i>State of mind</i> . . . <i>blue</i>. Do not confuse with <i>emotion</i> (Frame 662).", "ks": "<i>Data</i> is <b>feeling</b> <i>blue</i> about not having any <b>feelings</b> … hey, wait a minute.", "v": [{"w": "情報", "rd": "じょうほう", "mn": "information; news; report; intelligence", "fr": 649}, {"w": "事情", "rd": "じじょう", "mn": "circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs", "fr": 964}, {"w": "感情", "rd": "かんじょう", "mn": "emotion; feeling; feelings; sentiment", "fr": 1118}, {"w": "表情", "rd": "ひょうじょう", "mn": "facial expression; countenance", "fr": 1396}, {"w": "情けない", "rd": "なさけない", "mn": "miserable; pitiable; shameful; deplorable; pathetic", "fr": 1580}, {"w": "愛情", "rd": "あいじょう", "mn": "love; affection", "fr": 2791}, {"w": "同情", "rd": "どうじょう", "mn": "sympathy; compassion; pity", "fr": 2865}, {"w": "友情", "rd": "ゆうじょう", "mn": "friendship; fellowship; camaraderie", "fr": 3719}, {"w": "情熱", "rd": "じょうねつ", "mn": "passion; enthusiasm; zeal", "fr": 5099}, {"w": "情", "rd": "じょう", "mn": "feelings; emotion; sentiment", "fr": 5276}, {"w": "風情", "rd": "ふぜい", "mn": "taste; elegance; charm", "fr": 6536}, {"w": "感情的", "rd": "かんじょうてき", "mn": "emotional; sentimental", "fr": 8362}, {"w": "情け", "rd": "なさけ", "mn": "pity; sympathy; compassion; mercy", "fr": 8661}, {"w": "心情", "rd": "しんじょう", "mn": "sentiment; emotions; one's feelings; one's heart", "fr": 9298}, {"w": "苦情", "rd": "くじょう", "mn": "complaint; troubles; objection; grievance", "fr": 9703}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 84, "rp": 28, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "示", "g": 5, "o": 669, "f": 237, "j": null, "on": "ジ、シ", "kun": "しめ.す", "m": "show; indicate; point out; express; display", "pm": "show", "r": [{"c": "示", "nj": "しめす", "ne": "altar"}], "hc": "altar; two; small", "hk": "show", "hs": "Although the elements <i>two</i> and <i>little</i> are available for the using, it may be easier to remember this character as a picture of an altar. Something placed atop the altar is put on <b>show</b> for all to see.", "ks": "A boy made an <i>altar</i> , but he's afraid to <b>show</b> it to God because he thinks it's <i>two little</i>.", "v": [{"w": "示す", "rd": "しめす", "mn": "to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to tell; to exemplify; to make apparent", "fr": 1416}, {"w": "指示", "rd": "しじ", "mn": "indication; denotation; designation", "fr": 1540}, {"w": "表示", "rd": "ひょうじ", "mn": "indication; expression; showing; manifestation; demonstration", "fr": 3700}, {"w": "提示", "rd": "ていじ", "mn": "presentation (of a passport, ID, etc.); showing; production (e.g. of documents)", "fr": 6509}, {"w": "指し示す", "rd": "さししめす", "mn": "to indicate; to show; to point to", "fr": 9781}, {"w": "掲示板", "rd": "けいじばん", "mn": "bulletin board; display board; notice board", "fr": 10399}, {"w": "展示", "rd": "てんじ", "mn": "exhibition; display", "fr": 10720}, {"w": "暗示", "rd": "あんじ", "mn": "hint; suggestion; clue; implication", "fr": 12667}, {"w": "意思表示", "rd": "いしひょうじ", "mn": "expressing one's feelings; communicating one's intention", "fr": 15199}, {"w": "誇示", "rd": "こじ", "mn": "flaunting; showing off; display (of power, wealth, etc.); ostentation", "fr": 15654}, {"w": "示唆", "rd": "しさ", "mn": "suggestion; hint; implication", "fr": 17569}, {"w": "開示", "rd": "かいじ", "mn": "release (of information, documents, etc.); disclosure; display", "fr": 17972}, {"w": "掲示", "rd": "けいじ", "mn": "notice; bulletin; post; posting; placard", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "公示", "rd": "こうじ", "mn": "public announcement; official notice; edict", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "内示", "rd": "ないじ", "mn": "unofficial announcement; private notice; informal notification", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 9, "rp": 29, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "基", "g": 5, "o": 670, "f": 241, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "もと、もとい", "m": "fundamentals; radical (chem); counter for machines; foundation", "pm": "fundamentals", "r": [{"c": "其", "nj": "キ", "ne": "that"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "bushel basket; hamper; animal legs; eight; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "fundamentals", "hs": "Bushel basket . . . soil.", "ks": "<b>Fundamentals</b> of <i>chess</i> : use the <i>rooks</i> to protect your <i>ground</i>.", "v": [{"w": "基本", "rd": "きほん", "mn": "basics; fundamentals; basis; foundation", "fr": 2064}, {"w": "基準", "rd": "きじゅん", "mn": "standard; criterion; norm; benchmark; measure; gauge; basis", "fr": 4776}, {"w": "基礎", "rd": "きそ", "mn": "foundation; basis", "fr": 5669}, {"w": "基本的", "rd": "きほんてき", "mn": "fundamental; basic", "fr": 6473}, {"w": "基づく", "rd": "もとづく", "mn": "to be based (on); to be founded (on); to be grounded (on); to be in accordance (", "fr": 7958}, {"w": "基地", "rd": "きち", "mn": "base (military, expedition, etc.)", "fr": 9717}, {"w": "基盤", "rd": "きばん", "mn": "base; basis; foundation; footing; infrastructure", "fr": 18189}, {"w": "基調", "rd": "きちょう", "mn": "basic tone; underlying tone; basic theme; basis; keynote", "fr": 19752}, {"w": "基金", "rd": "ききん", "mn": "fund; foundation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "労働基準法", "rd": "ろうどうきじゅんほう", "mn": "Labor Standards Act", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "基幹", "rd": "きかん", "mn": "mainstay; nucleus; key", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "基本料金", "rd": "きほんりょうきん", "mn": "basic rate (i.e. excluding optional service fees, usage charges, etc.); basic ch", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "基準法", "rd": "きじゅんほう", "mn": "basic law", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "基軸", "rd": "きじく", "mn": "basis; foundation; core; criterion; standard", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塩基", "rd": "えんき", "mn": "base", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 65, "rp": 28, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "価", "g": 5, "o": 671, "f": 250, "j": null, "on": "カ、ケ", "kun": "あたい", "m": "value; price", "pm": "value", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "覀", "nj": "にし", "ne": "cover"}], "hc": "person; old west", "hk": "value", "hs": "Person . . . Old West.", "ks": "Mr T is highly value d in the West.", "v": [{"w": "価値", "rd": "かち", "mn": "value; worth; merit", "fr": 1460}, {"w": "評価", "rd": "ひょうか", "mn": "valuation; appraisal; evaluation; assessment; estimation; rating; judging", "fr": 2312}, {"w": "価値観", "rd": "かちかん", "mn": "sense of values; values; value system", "fr": 6050}, {"w": "高価", "rd": "こうか", "mn": "highly priced; expensive; valuable; costly", "fr": 7175}, {"w": "価格", "rd": "かかく", "mn": "price; value; cost", "fr": 9490}, {"w": "対価", "rd": "たいか", "mn": "compensation; equivalent value; consideration", "fr": 11095}, {"w": "真価", "rd": "しんか", "mn": "true value; real worth", "fr": 19403}, {"w": "定価", "rd": "ていか", "mn": "list price; regular price; established price", "fr": 20194}, {"w": "物価", "rd": "ぶっか", "mn": "prices of commodities; prices (in general); cost-of-living", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "低価格", "rd": "ていかかく", "mn": "low price", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "創価学会", "rd": "そうかがっかい", "mn": "Soka Gakkai (lay organization based on Nichiren Buddhism)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "単価", "rd": "たんか", "mn": "unit price; unit cost", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "卸売物価", "rd": "おろしうりぶっか", "mn": "wholesale price", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "原価", "rd": "げんか", "mn": "cost price", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "地価", "rd": "ちか", "mn": "the price of land", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 77, "rp": 36, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "確", "g": 5, "o": 672, "f": 252, "j": null, "on": "カク、コウ", "kun": "たし.か、たし.かめる", "m": "assurance; firm; tight; hard; solid; confirm; clear; evident", "pm": "assurance", "r": [{"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}, {"c": "寉", "nj": "つる", "ne": "crane (bird)"}], "hc": "stone; rock; turkeyhouse; house; turkey", "hk": "assurance", "hs": "On the left you see the <i>rock</i> , which is familiar enough. But pay attention to the right. Taking careful note of the unusual stroke order that has the \"chimney\" on the <i>house</i> doubled up with the first stroke of the <i>turkey</i> , we may see the right side as a <i>turkey house</i> (or  \" <i>coop</i> \"). We shall see this pattern only on one other occasion (Frame 2093), but even for these two characters it is well worth the trouble to single it out as a primitive.", "ks": "To assure that no one will get into the Turkey coop, put a huge rock in the entrance!", "v": [{"w": "確か", "rd": "たしか", "mn": "sure; certain; positive; definite", "fr": 271}, {"w": "確認", "rd": "かくにん", "mn": "confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation; identificati", "fr": 529}, {"w": "確かめる", "rd": "たしかめる", "mn": "to make sure; to check; to ascertain; to confirm; to verify", "fr": 1212}, {"w": "確実", "rd": "かくじつ", "mn": "certain; sure; definite; reliable; sound; solid; safe; secure", "fr": 1306}, {"w": "正確", "rd": "せいかく", "mn": "accurate; correct; precise; exact", "fr": 1857}, {"w": "確信", "rd": "かくしん", "mn": "conviction; belief; confidence", "fr": 2089}, {"w": "確保", "rd": "かくほ", "mn": "securing; obtaining; ensuring; guarantee; maintaining", "fr": 2235}, {"w": "確率", "rd": "かくりつ", "mn": "probability; likelihood; chances", "fr": 3726}, {"w": "確定", "rd": "かくてい", "mn": "decision; settlement; confirmation; establishment", "fr": 3832}, {"w": "明確", "rd": "めいかく", "mn": "clear; precise; definite; distinct", "fr": 3870}, {"w": "的確", "rd": "てきかく", "mn": "accurate; precise; exact; appropriate; apt; right", "fr": 5204}, {"w": "確立", "rd": "かくりつ", "mn": "establishment; settlement", "fr": 10365}, {"w": "再確認", "rd": "さいかくにん", "mn": "reaffirmation; reconfirmation; revalidation", "fr": 12131}, {"w": "確固", "rd": "かっこ", "mn": "firm; unshakeable; resolute", "fr": 14092}, {"w": "不確か", "rd": "ふたしか", "mn": "unreliable; uncertain; indefinite; unclear", "fr": 14900}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 128, "rp": 28, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "提", "g": 5, "o": 673, "f": 254, "j": null, "on": "テイ、チョウ、ダイ", "kun": "さ.げる", "m": "propose; take along; carry in hand", "pm": "propose", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "是", "nj": "ゼ", "ne": "just so"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; just so; sun; day; mend", "hk": "propose", "hs": "Fingers . . . just so.", "ks": "When a man <b>PROPOSE</b> S to a lady, he takes her FINGER and places the ring on it JUST SO, and the moment sweeps her away.", "v": [{"w": "提案", "rd": "ていあん", "mn": "proposal; proposition; suggestion", "fr": 1735}, {"w": "提供", "rd": "ていきょう", "mn": "offer; tender; providing; supplying; making available; donating (blood, organs, ", "fr": 3014}, {"w": "提出", "rd": "ていしゅつ", "mn": "presentation (of documents); submission (of an application, report, etc.); produ", "fr": 3787}, {"w": "前提", "rd": "ぜんてい", "mn": "condition; assumption; prerequisite; hypothesis", "fr": 3993}, {"w": "提示", "rd": "ていじ", "mn": "presentation (of a passport, ID, etc.); showing; production (e.g. of documents)", "fr": 6509}, {"w": "提げる", "rd": "さげる", "mn": "to take along; to hold in the hand", "fr": 15461}, {"w": "大前提", "rd": "だいぜんてい", "mn": "important condition; basic premise; basic assumption", "fr": 19384}, {"w": "提携", "rd": "ていけい", "mn": "cooperation; tie-up; joint business; partnership; alliance; sponsorship", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "手提げ", "rd": "てさげ", "mn": "handbag; purse", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "提供者", "rd": "ていきょうしゃ", "mn": "donor; contributor; provider", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "提唱", "rd": "ていしょう", "mn": "advocacy; proposal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "提言", "rd": "ていげん", "mn": "proposal; motion; recommendation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "提訴", "rd": "ていそ", "mn": "presenting a case; suing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "提起", "rd": "ていき", "mn": "raising (a question); posing (a problem); bringing up (an issue); presenting", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "勢", "g": 5, "o": 674, "f": 260, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ゼイ", "kun": "いきお.い、はずみ", "m": "forces; energy; military strength", "pm": "forces", "r": [{"c": "埶", "nj": "ゲイ", "ne": "art"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "mini-tractor; rice seedlings; soil; dirt; ground; human legs; fat man; musashimaru; round; nine; baseball; drop; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "forces", "hs": "Rice seedlings . . ground . . . fat man . . . muscle.", "ks": "Mushroom … Fat man ….= Mario. Mario jumps on top of Bowser's forces , crushing their evil power.", "v": [{"w": "勢い", "rd": "いきおい", "mn": "force; vigor; vigour; energy; spirit; life", "fr": 1454}, {"w": "大勢", "rd": "おおぜい", "mn": "crowd of people; great number of people", "fr": 2005}, {"w": "姿勢", "rd": "しせい", "mn": "posture; pose; position; stance; carriage (of the body)", "fr": 2769}, {"w": "体勢", "rd": "たいせい", "mn": "posture; position; stance", "fr": 4204}, {"w": "勢力", "rd": "せいりょく", "mn": "influence; power; might; strength; potency; force; energy", "fr": 6352}, {"w": "態勢", "rd": "たいせい", "mn": "attitude; posture; preparedness; readiness", "fr": 7204}, {"w": "優勢", "rd": "ゆうせい", "mn": "superiority; superior power; predominance; preponderance", "fr": 13947}, {"w": "攻勢", "rd": "こうせい", "mn": "offensive (movement); aggression", "fr": 16566}, {"w": "情勢", "rd": "じょうせい", "mn": "state of things; state of affairs; situation; conditions; circumstances", "fr": 16589}, {"w": "劣勢", "rd": "れっせい", "mn": "inferiority (e.g. numerical); inferior position; disadvantage; unfavorable situa", "fr": 16871}, {"w": "威勢", "rd": "いせい", "mn": "power; might; authority; influence", "fr": 18301}, {"w": "勢", "rd": "ぜい", "mn": "group (of people, competitors, companies, etc.); contingent; camp; team", "fr": 18723}, {"w": "総勢", "rd": "そうぜい", "mn": "all members; whole army", "fr": 20743}, {"w": "形勢", "rd": "けいせい", "mn": "condition; situation; prospects", "fr": 21505}, {"w": "党勢", "rd": "とうせい", "mn": "strength of a party", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 4, "rp": 17, "l": 3, "n": "勢い 疑う"}}, {"k": "減", "g": 5, "o": 675, "f": 261, "j": null, "on": "ゲン", "kun": "へ.る、へ.らす", "m": "dwindle; decrease; reduce; decline; curtail; get hungry", "pm": "dwindle", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "咸", "nj": "カン", "ne": "all"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; march; mouth", "hk": "dwindle", "hs": "A group of unquenchable <i>mouths</i> sets out on a <i>march</i> across the country, drinking <i>water</i> wherever they find it until the <i>water</i> supply has <b>dwindled</b> to a trickle, triggering a national disaster.", "ks": "When WATER was tossed on the PROTESTORS (a march of mouths), the numbers began to <b>DWINDLE</b>.", "v": [{"w": "減る", "rd": "へる", "mn": "to decrease (in size or number); to diminish; to abate", "fr": 1167}, {"w": "いい加減", "rd": "いいかげん", "mn": "irresponsible; perfunctory; careless", "fr": 2797}, {"w": "減らす", "rd": "へらす", "mn": "to abate; to decrease; to diminish; to shorten", "fr": 3822}, {"w": "加減", "rd": "かげん", "mn": "degree; extent; amount; balance; state; condition", "fr": 4120}, {"w": "いい加減にしろ", "rd": "いいかげんにしろ", "mn": "that's enough!; cut it out!; get a life!", "fr": 7358}, {"w": "減少", "rd": "げんしょう", "mn": "decrease; reduction; decline", "fr": 12952}, {"w": "軽減", "rd": "けいげん", "mn": "abatement; reduction", "fr": 13625}, {"w": "半減", "rd": "はんげん", "mn": "reduction by half; halving", "fr": 18078}, {"w": "減速", "rd": "げんそく", "mn": "deceleration", "fr": 19458}, {"w": "減点", "rd": "げんてん", "mn": "subtracting points; deducting points", "fr": 20318}, {"w": "激減", "rd": "げきげん", "mn": "dramatic decrease; sharp drop; sudden fall", "fr": 21545}, {"w": "削減", "rd": "さくげん", "mn": "cut; reduction; curtailment", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "増減", "rd": "ぞうげん", "mn": "increase and decrease; fluctuation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "低減", "rd": "ていげん", "mn": "decrease; reduction; fall; depreciation; mitigation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "減価償却", "rd": "げんかしょうきゃく", "mn": "depreciation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 55, "rp": 78, "l": 14, "n": "城 地域"}}, {"k": "容", "g": 5, "o": 676, "f": 264, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "い.れる", "m": "contain; form; looks", "pm": "contain", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "谷", "nj": "たに", "ne": "valley"}], "hc": "house; valley; eight; umbrella; mouth", "hk": "contain", "hs": "This character depicts a <i>house</i> so large that it can <b>contain</b> an entire <i>valley</i>.", "ks": "To CONTAIN the virus, everyone in the VALLEY had to stay in their HOUSES.", "v": [{"w": "内容", "rd": "ないよう", "mn": "contents; content; substance; matter; detail; import", "fr": 1158}, {"w": "容赦", "rd": "ようしゃ", "mn": "pardon; forgiveness; tolerance; overlooking", "fr": 2379}, {"w": "容易", "rd": "ようい", "mn": "easy; simple; plain", "fr": 4366}, {"w": "容姿", "rd": "ようし", "mn": "(physical) appearance (of a person); one's face and figure", "fr": 5833}, {"w": "容疑者", "rd": "ようぎしゃ", "mn": "suspect", "fr": 6618}, {"w": "容疑", "rd": "ようぎ", "mn": "suspicion; charge", "fr": 8595}, {"w": "容易い", "rd": "たやすい", "mn": "easy; simple; light", "fr": 9846}, {"w": "容器", "rd": "ようき", "mn": "container; receptacle; vessel; packaging", "fr": 10685}, {"w": "収容", "rd": "しゅうよう", "mn": "accommodation; taking in; receiving; housing; seating; admission (of patients, s", "fr": 12313}, {"w": "許容", "rd": "きょよう", "mn": "permission; allowance; acceptance; tolerance; pardon", "fr": 12546}, {"w": "形容", "rd": "けいよう", "mn": "description; expression (in words); qualification (e.g. of a noun with an adject", "fr": 13104}, {"w": "寛容", "rd": "かんよう", "mn": "tolerance; open-mindedness; forbearance; generosity; magnanimity", "fr": 14415}, {"w": "美容", "rd": "びよう", "mn": "beauty; good figure; (beautiful) appearance; (beautiful) features", "fr": 14926}, {"w": "容量", "rd": "ようりょう", "mn": "capacity; volume", "fr": 16934}, {"w": "全容", "rd": "ぜんよう", "mn": "full portrait; whole aspect; full story", "fr": 19156}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 60, "rp": 72, "l": 16, "n": ""}}, {"k": "応", "g": 5, "o": 677, "f": 266, "j": null, "on": "オウ、ヨウ、-ノウ", "kun": "あた.る、まさに、こた.える", "m": "apply; answer; yes; OK; reply; accept", "pm": "apply", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "cave; heart", "hk": "apply", "hs": "<i>Cave</i> . . . <i>heart</i>. The sense of the key word here is of something appropriate that fills a particular need, and hence  \" <b>applies</b>. \"", "ks": "In the videogame Zelda, Link enters a CAVE to visit a fairy that will APPLY magic to fill his HEART containers.", "v": [{"w": "一応", "rd": "いちおう", "mn": "more or less; though not quite satisfactorily; after a fashion; pretty much; rou", "fr": 752}, {"w": "反応", "rd": "はんのう", "mn": "reaction; response", "fr": 940}, {"w": "応援", "rd": "おうえん", "mn": "aid; assistance; help; support; reinforcement", "fr": 1116}, {"w": "対応", "rd": "たいおう", "mn": "correspondence (to); equivalence", "fr": 1748}, {"w": "応える", "rd": "こたえる", "mn": "to respond; to answer; to meet (e.g. demands, expectations)", "fr": 2004}, {"w": "応じる", "rd": "おうじる", "mn": "to respond; to satisfy; to accept; to comply with; to apply for", "fr": 2899}, {"w": "相応しい", "rd": "ふさわしい", "mn": "appropriate; adequate; suitable; fitting; worthy", "fr": 6660}, {"w": "手応え", "rd": "てごたえ", "mn": "feeling in the hands (when striking, poking, etc.); (feeling of) resistance", "fr": 6894}, {"w": "応用", "rd": "おうよう", "mn": "(practical) application; putting to practical use", "fr": 8106}, {"w": "応募", "rd": "おうぼ", "mn": "application; subscription; entry (competition, raffle, etc.); enlistment", "fr": 8176}, {"w": "応答", "rd": "おうとう", "mn": "reply; answer; response", "fr": 8220}, {"w": "相応", "rd": "そうおう", "mn": "suitable; appropriate; befitting; becoming; adequate; reasonable; proper", "fr": 8224}, {"w": "呼応", "rd": "こおう", "mn": "hailing each other", "fr": 11323}, {"w": "適応", "rd": "てきおう", "mn": "adaptation; accommodation; conformity", "fr": 12020}, {"w": "応対", "rd": "おうたい", "mn": "dealing with (people, customers, complaints, etc.); receiving (callers, visitors", "fr": 13631}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 8, "rp": 18, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "演", "g": 5, "o": 678, "f": 267, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "", "m": "performance; act; play; render; stage", "pm": "performance", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "寅", "nj": "イン", "ne": "sign of the tiger"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; sign of the tiger; house; caterpillar; one; ceiling; sprout; shoot; animal legs; eight", "hk": "performance", "hs": "Water . . . sign of the tiger.", "ks": "That was some great <b>performance</b>! He caused the <i>water</i> to shoot up into the air and form the <i>sign of the tiger</i> in airborne droplets. You sure missed a great <b>performance</b>!", "v": [{"w": "演技", "rd": "えんぎ", "mn": "acting; performance", "fr": 3429}, {"w": "演じる", "rd": "えんじる", "mn": "to act (a part); to play (a role)", "fr": 3631}, {"w": "演出", "rd": "えんしゅつ", "mn": "direction (of a play, film, etc.); production", "fr": 4761}, {"w": "演奏", "rd": "えんそう", "mn": "musical performance", "fr": 5692}, {"w": "出演", "rd": "しゅつえん", "mn": "appearance (in a film, play, TV show, etc.); performance", "fr": 7765}, {"w": "演説", "rd": "えんぜつ", "mn": "speech; address", "fr": 10468}, {"w": "演劇", "rd": "えんげき", "mn": "drama; theatre; theater; play", "fr": 12191}, {"w": "公演", "rd": "こうえん", "mn": "public performance", "fr": 14354}, {"w": "主演", "rd": "しゅえん", "mn": "starring (in a film, play, etc.); playing the leading part", "fr": 14941}, {"w": "演習", "rd": "えんしゅう", "mn": "practice; exercise; drill", "fr": 20578}, {"w": "実演", "rd": "じつえん", "mn": "demonstration; presentation", "fr": 21309}, {"w": "上演", "rd": "じょうえん", "mn": "performance (of a play, opera, etc.); staging; presentation", "fr": 22490}, {"w": "演技力", "rd": "えんぎりょく", "mn": "acting ability; talent as a performer", "fr": 22555}, {"w": "開演", "rd": "かいえん", "mn": "curtain raising; starting (e.g. play, concert)", "fr": 23072}, {"w": "演目", "rd": "えんもく", "mn": "program (musical, concert, theatrical, etc.); programme", "fr": 23597}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 67, "l": 12, "n": ""}}, {"k": "能", "g": 5, "o": 679, "f": 273, "j": null, "on": "ノウ", "kun": "よ.く、あた.う", "m": "ability; talent; skill; capacity", "pm": "ability", "r": [{"c": "䏍", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "匕", "nj": "さじ", "ne": "spoon"}], "hc": "elbow; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "ability", "hs": "Try relating this kanji to that of the previous frame. For instance, you might imagine that the test of <b>ability</b> envisioned here is removing the <i>bear</i> from the oven fire.", "ks": "This man may have the dis- ability of no flesh below the elbows, but he can eat with 2 spoons , on in each foot.", "v": [{"w": "可能性", "rd": "かのうせい", "mn": "possibility; chance; likelihood; probability", "fr": 671}, {"w": "能力", "rd": "のうりょく", "mn": "ability; faculty", "fr": 1395}, {"w": "可能", "rd": "かのう", "mn": "possible; potential; practicable; feasible", "fr": 1578}, {"w": "才能", "rd": "さいのう", "mn": "talent; ability", "fr": 1675}, {"w": "不可能", "rd": "ふかのう", "mn": "impossible", "fr": 1796}, {"w": "機能", "rd": "きのう", "mn": "function; facility; faculty; feature", "fr": 2547}, {"w": "可能性が高い", "rd": "かのうせいがたかい", "mn": "very likely; very probable", "fr": 3900}, {"w": "本能", "rd": "ほんのう", "mn": "instinct", "fr": 4077}, {"w": "堪能", "rd": "たんのう", "mn": "proficient; skilled; skillful; good; accomplished", "fr": 5994}, {"w": "不能", "rd": "ふのう", "mn": "impossible; incapable (of doing); unable (to do)", "fr": 6491}, {"w": "無能", "rd": "むのう", "mn": "incompetence; inefficiency; inability; incapacity", "fr": 6699}, {"w": "性能", "rd": "せいのう", "mn": "ability; performance; efficiency", "fr": 7364}, {"w": "有能", "rd": "ゆうのう", "mn": "able; capable; competent; talented; efficient", "fr": 7814}, {"w": "万能", "rd": "ばんのう", "mn": "all-purpose; utility; universal", "fr": 8514}, {"w": "芸能人", "rd": "げいのうじん", "mn": "entertainer; performer; celebrity; entertainment personality", "fr": 9463}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 56, "rp": 35, "l": 5, "n": "能 指"}}, {"k": "再", "g": 5, "o": 680, "f": 275, "j": null, "on": "サイ、サ", "kun": "ふたた.び", "m": "again; twice; second time", "pm": "again", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "冉", "nj": "ゼン", "ne": "red"}], "hc": "king; jewel; ball; belt", "hk": "again", "hs": "<i>Jewel</i> . . . with a <i>belt</i> hung on it. Note how the <i>belt</i> is drawn right after the first stroke of <i>jewel</i>.", "ks": "The <i>king</i> has eaten too much and has to get a new <i>belt</i> <b>again</b>. See his fat rolls hanging over?", "v": [{"w": "再び", "rd": "ふたたび", "mn": "again; once more; a second time", "fr": 1241}, {"w": "再会", "rd": "さいかい", "mn": "meeting again; reunion", "fr": 2364}, {"w": "再開", "rd": "さいかい", "mn": "reopening; resumption; restarting", "fr": 2762}, {"w": "再生", "rd": "さいせい", "mn": "restoration to life; coming to life again; resuscitation; regeneration", "fr": 3549}, {"w": "再現", "rd": "さいげん", "mn": "reappearance; reemergence; return; revival", "fr": 3921}, {"w": "再", "rd": "さい", "mn": "re-; again", "fr": 4248}, {"w": "再度", "rd": "さいど", "mn": "a second time; again; once more; twice", "fr": 5603}, {"w": "再婚", "rd": "さいこん", "mn": "second marriage; remarriage", "fr": 10321}, {"w": "再確認", "rd": "さいかくにん", "mn": "reaffirmation; reconfirmation; revalidation", "fr": 12131}, {"w": "再建", "rd": "さいけん", "mn": "rebuilding; reconstruction; rehabilitation", "fr": 14751}, {"w": "再起動", "rd": "さいきどう", "mn": "restart; reboot", "fr": 20099}, {"w": "再発", "rd": "さいはつ", "mn": "return; relapse; recurrence", "fr": 21819}, {"w": "再来", "rd": "さいらい", "mn": "return; coming back", "fr": 22063}, {"w": "再三", "rd": "さいさん", "mn": "again and again; repeatedly", "fr": 22642}, {"w": "再来年", "rd": "さらいねん", "mn": "year after next", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 241, "rp": 12, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "格", "g": 5, "o": 681, "f": 281, "j": null, "on": "カク、コウ、キャク、ゴウ", "kun": "", "m": "status; rank; capacity; character; case (law, grammar)", "pm": "status", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "各", "nj": "カク", "ne": "each"}], "hc": "tree; wood; each; walking legs; mouth", "hk": "status", "hs": "If you can imagine <i>trees</i> as <b>status</b> symbols (as they might well be for those living in Japan's congested cities, where greenery has become something of a luxury item), then <i>each</i> might be aiming to have his/her own <i>tree</i> , just to keep up with the Suzukis.", "ks": "\"Ranger! I want you to go check the <b>status</b> of each tree.\" \"Errr, Each tree sir?\" replies the ranger looking out over the vast forest. \"That's Right, I want the <b>status</b> of each tree! Move out!\".", "v": [{"w": "格好", "rd": "かっこう", "mn": "shape; form; figure; posture; pose", "fr": 1039}, {"w": "性格", "rd": "せいかく", "mn": "character (of a person); personality; disposition; nature", "fr": 1382}, {"w": "資格", "rd": "しかく", "mn": "qualifications; requirements; capabilities", "fr": 2125}, {"w": "本格的", "rd": "ほんかくてき", "mn": "genuine; real; authentic; standard; orthodox", "fr": 3018}, {"w": "合格", "rd": "ごうかく", "mn": "passing (an exam); pass; success; passing grade", "fr": 3301}, {"w": "失格", "rd": "しっかく", "mn": "disqualification; elimination; incapacity", "fr": 4435}, {"w": "人格", "rd": "じんかく", "mn": "personality; character; individuality; personhood", "fr": 5487}, {"w": "体格", "rd": "たいかく", "mn": "build; physique; frame; constitution", "fr": 6895}, {"w": "格闘", "rd": "かくとう", "mn": "(hand-to-hand) fight; grapple; scuffle; tussle", "fr": 8594}, {"w": "格", "rd": "かく", "mn": "status; position; rank", "fr": 8609}, {"w": "格別", "rd": "かくべつ", "mn": "particular; special; exceptional; especial", "fr": 9173}, {"w": "価格", "rd": "かかく", "mn": "price; value; cost", "fr": 9490}, {"w": "格段", "rd": "かくだん", "mn": "dramatic (improvement); remarkable (difference); marked; noticeable", "fr": 9750}, {"w": "格好いい", "rd": "かっこいい", "mn": "attractive; good-looking; stylish; cool; smooth; neat; with-it; groovy", "fr": 11925}, {"w": "厳格", "rd": "げんかく", "mn": "strict; severe; stern; rigid; rigorous; tough", "fr": 14384}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 94, "rp": 33, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "過", "g": 5, "o": 682, "f": 285, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "す.ぎる、す.ごす、あやま.ち、あやま.つ、よぎ.る、よ.ぎる", "m": "overdo; exceed; go beyond; error", "pm": "overdo", "r": [{"c": "咼", "nj": "カイ", "ne": "crooked mouth"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "jawbone; joint; hood; mouth; road", "hk": "overdo", "hs": "Jawbone . . . road.", "ks": "Jaws XII~! Jaws strikes the highway! Man, they're really <b>overdo</b> ing it now.", "v": [{"w": "過ぎる", "rd": "すぎる", "mn": "to pass through; to pass by; to go beyond", "fr": 635}, {"w": "過ごす", "rd": "すごす", "mn": "to spend (time); to pass; to lead (a life); to live", "fr": 888}, {"w": "過去", "rd": "かこ", "mn": "the past; bygone days", "fr": 934}, {"w": "過ぎ", "rd": "すぎ", "mn": "past; after", "fr": 2376}, {"w": "経過", "rd": "けいか", "mn": "passage (of time); elapsing; lapse", "fr": 3815}, {"w": "通り過ぎる", "rd": "とおりすぎる", "mn": "to go past; to pass; to pass by", "fr": 4750}, {"w": "通過", "rd": "つうか", "mn": "passing through (a tunnel, station, town, etc.); passing by (e.g. of a typhoon);", "fr": 4957}, {"w": "過程", "rd": "かてい", "mn": "process; course; mechanism", "fr": 5039}, {"w": "見過ごす", "rd": "みすごす", "mn": "to let go by; to let pass; to overlook; to miss", "fr": 5523}, {"w": "過剰", "rd": "かじょう", "mn": "excess; surplus; superabundance; overabundance", "fr": 5630}, {"w": "過ち", "rd": "あやまち", "mn": "fault; error; indiscretion; faux pas", "fr": 6077}, {"w": "過酷", "rd": "かこく", "mn": "severe; harsh; hard; cruel; rigorous", "fr": 6317}, {"w": "過激", "rd": "かげき", "mn": "extreme (measure, idea, etc.); radical; violent (language)", "fr": 7536}, {"w": "し過ぎる", "rd": "しすぎる", "mn": "to overdo; to do too much", "fr": 7862}, {"w": "やり過ごす", "rd": "やりすごす", "mn": "to let (something or someone) go past", "fr": 8209}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 486, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "税", "g": 5, "o": 683, "f": 289, "j": null, "on": "ゼイ", "kun": "", "m": "tax; duty", "pm": "tax", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "兌", "nj": "ダ", "ne": "exchange"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; devil; horns; elder brother; teenager; mouth; human legs", "hk": "tax", "hs": "Wheat . . . devil.", "ks": "This is an easy one. Tax es is like the devil taking away your hard earned wheat.", "v": [{"w": "税金", "rd": "ぜいきん", "mn": "tax; duty", "fr": 11894}, {"w": "免税", "rd": "めんぜい", "mn": "tax exemption; duty exemption", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "税務署", "rd": "ぜいむしょ", "mn": "tax office", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "税関", "rd": "ぜいかん", "mn": "customs; customs house", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "課税", "rd": "かぜい", "mn": "taxation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "関税", "rd": "かんぜい", "mn": "customs (duties); duty; tariff", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "主税局", "rd": "しゅぜいきょく", "mn": "(Japanese) Tax Bureau", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "住民税", "rd": "じゅうみんぜい", "mn": "municipal tax", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "印税", "rd": "いんぜい", "mn": "royalty (on book)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国税", "rd": "こくぜい", "mn": "national tax", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国税局", "rd": "こくぜいきょく", "mn": "revenue office; taxation bureau", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国税庁", "rd": "こくぜいちょう", "mn": "National Tax Agency (Japan)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "地方税", "rd": "ちほうぜい", "mn": "local tax; council tax", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "増税", "rd": "ぞうぜい", "mn": "tax increase", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "徴税", "rd": "ちょうぜい", "mn": "tax collection; taxation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 3, "rp": 7, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "検", "g": 5, "o": 684, "f": 290, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "しら.べる", "m": "examination; investigate", "pm": "examination", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "㑒", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "tree; wood; awl; fit; meeting; umbrella; mouth; person", "hk": "examination", "hs": "Tree . . . awl.", "ks": "You're giving a TREE an <b>EXAMINATION</b>. You take a wood sample from the TREE with an AWL (cmp [exam](../v4/1278.html) (#1278 校)).", "v": [{"w": "検査", "rd": "けんさ", "mn": "inspection (e.g. customs, factory); examination; test; check; scan (e.g. MRI, PE", "fr": 3951}, {"w": "検討", "rd": "けんとう", "mn": "consideration; examination; investigation; study; scrutiny; discussion; analysis", "fr": 4237}, {"w": "検索", "rd": "けんさく", "mn": "looking up (e.g. a word in a dictionary); search (e.g. on the Internet); retriev", "fr": 5235}, {"w": "検証", "rd": "けんしょう", "mn": "verification; inspection", "fr": 8310}, {"w": "点検", "rd": "てんけん", "mn": "detailed inspection; thorough examination; checking", "fr": 11232}, {"w": "探検", "rd": "たんけん", "mn": "exploration; expedition", "fr": 12473}, {"w": "検出", "rd": "けんしゅつ", "mn": "detection; sense (e.g. sensor)", "fr": 13187}, {"w": "検察", "rd": "けんさつ", "mn": "criminal investigation; prosecution", "fr": 24012}, {"w": "検事", "rd": "けんじ", "mn": "public prosecutor", "fr": 24257}, {"w": "会計検査院", "rd": "かいけいけんさいん", "mn": "Board of Audit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "再検討", "rd": "さいけんとう", "mn": "re-examination; review; reconsideration; reappraisal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "地検", "rd": "ちけん", "mn": "District Public Prosecutor's Office", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "探検隊", "rd": "たんけんたい", "mn": "exploration party; expedition team", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "最高検", "rd": "さいこうけん", "mn": "Public Prosecutor's Office", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "検事正", "rd": "けんじせい", "mn": "chief public prosecutor", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 5, "rp": 13, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "常", "g": 5, "o": 685, "f": 293, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ", "kun": "つね、とこ-", "m": "usual; ordinary; normal; common; regular; continually; always; long-lasting", "pm": "usual", "r": [{"c": "尚", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "esteem"}, {"c": "吊", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "suspend"}], "hc": "outhouse; small; little; crown; mouth; towel", "hk": "usual", "hs": "Outhouse . . . towel.", "ks": "It's <b>usual</b> to take your <i>towel</i> with your when you go to the <i>outhouse</i> at the onsen (hot springs bath in Japan) so everybody doesn't see your stuff.", "v": [{"w": "常に", "rd": "つねに", "mn": "always; constantly; at all times; habitually", "fr": 1486}, {"w": "異常", "rd": "いじょう", "mn": "abnormal; unusual; extraordinary; remarkable; uncommon", "fr": 1693}, {"w": "非常", "rd": "ひじょう", "mn": "emergency", "fr": 1929}, {"w": "日常", "rd": "にちじょう", "mn": "everyday; daily; ordinary; usual; routine; regular", "fr": 2640}, {"w": "常識", "rd": "じょうしき", "mn": "common sense; good sense; common knowledge; general knowledge; common practice; ", "fr": 2876}, {"w": "通常", "rd": "つうじょう", "mn": "usual; ordinary; normal; regular; general; common", "fr": 3119}, {"w": "正常", "rd": "せいじょう", "mn": "normal; regular", "fr": 5167}, {"w": "尋常", "rd": "じんじょう", "mn": "common; usual", "fr": 5652}, {"w": "常", "rd": "つね", "mn": "usual state of things", "fr": 5788}, {"w": "常連", "rd": "じょうれん", "mn": "regular customer; regular patron; regular visitor; frequenter", "fr": 6990}, {"w": "非常識", "rd": "ひじょうしき", "mn": "lack of common sense; thoughtlessness; senselessness; irrationality; absurdity", "fr": 9230}, {"w": "日常生活", "rd": "にちじょうせいかつ", "mn": "everyday life; daily life", "fr": 10579}, {"w": "常識的", "rd": "じょうしきてき", "mn": "ordinary; sensible; commonplace", "fr": 11020}, {"w": "常時", "rd": "じょうじ", "mn": "usually; ordinarily; always", "fr": 14469}, {"w": "平常", "rd": "へいじょう", "mn": "normal; usual; ordinary; everyday", "fr": 21828}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 6, "rp": 22, "l": 2, "n": "日常 食堂"}}, {"k": "状", "g": 5, "o": 686, "f": 298, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ", "kun": "", "m": "status quo; conditions; circumstances; form; appearance", "pm": "status quo", "r": [{"c": "丬", "nj": "", "ne": "half of tree trunk"}, {"c": "犬", "nj": "いぬ", "ne": "dog"}], "hc": "turtle; chihuahua; dog; large; drop", "hk": "status quo", "hs": "Did you ever hear of the <i>turtle</i> who fell madly in love with a <i>chihuahua</i> but could not have her because their two families did not like the idea of their children intermarrying? Like all classic stories of ill-fated love, this one shows how the young upset the <b>status quo</b> with an emotion older and more powerful than anything their elders have devised to counter it: blind love.", "ks": "A turtle mounting a chihuahua clearly disrupts the status quo.", "v": [{"w": "状況", "rd": "じょうきょう", "mn": "state of affairs; situation; conditions; circumstances", "fr": 537}, {"w": "状態", "rd": "じょうたい", "mn": "state; condition; situation; appearance; circumstances", "fr": 667}, {"w": "現状", "rd": "げんじょう", "mn": "present condition; existing state; status quo; current state", "fr": 2788}, {"w": "状", "rd": "じょう", "mn": "form; shape; appearance", "fr": 4808}, {"w": "症状", "rd": "しょうじょう", "mn": "symptoms; condition (of a patient)", "fr": 5056}, {"w": "白状", "rd": "はくじょう", "mn": "confession", "fr": 6451}, {"w": "形状", "rd": "けいじょう", "mn": "shape; form", "fr": 8282}, {"w": "惨状", "rd": "さんじょう", "mn": "disastrous scene; terrible spectacle", "fr": 12003}, {"w": "病状", "rd": "びょうじょう", "mn": "condition of a patient; state of a disease; pathology", "fr": 17208}, {"w": "令状", "rd": "れいじょう", "mn": "warrant; summons; written order", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "免状", "rd": "めんじょう", "mn": "licence; license; certificate; permit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "年賀状", "rd": "ねんがじょう", "mn": "New Year's card", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "状況報告", "rd": "じょうきょうほうこく", "mn": "situation report; status report; progress report", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "環状", "rd": "かんじょう", "mn": "annulation; ring shape; loop shape", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "甲状腺", "rd": "こうじょうせん", "mn": "thyroid (gland)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 30, "rp": 27, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "営", "g": 5, "o": 687, "f": 303, "j": null, "on": "エイ", "kun": "いとな.む、いとな.み", "m": "camp; perform; build; conduct (business)", "pm": "camp", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "呂", "nj": "ロ", "ne": "spine"}], "hc": "schoolhouse; owl; crown; spine; mouth; drop", "hk": "occupation", "hs": "Schoolhouse . . . spine.", "ks": "The <i>schoolhouse</i> is the <i>backbone</i> of a foundation that will allow you to find a good <b>occupation</b>.", "v": [{"w": "営業", "rd": "えいぎょう", "mn": "business; trade; operations", "fr": 3807}, {"w": "経営", "rd": "けいえい", "mn": "management; administration; operation; running (a business); conducting", "fr": 3837}, {"w": "運営", "rd": "うんえい", "mn": "management; administration; operation", "fr": 5612}, {"w": "経営者", "rd": "けいえいしゃ", "mn": "manager; proprietor", "fr": 10836}, {"w": "営む", "rd": "いとなむ", "mn": "to run (a business); to operate; to conduct; to practice (law, medicine, etc.)", "fr": 11075}, {"w": "営み", "rd": "いとなみ", "mn": "activity; action; performance; execution", "fr": 14776}, {"w": "陣営", "rd": "じんえい", "mn": "camp (supporters of a doctrine, party, etc.); faction (of a party)", "fr": 15312}, {"w": "公営", "rd": "こうえい", "mn": "public management", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "営利", "rd": "えいり", "mn": "money-making; commercialized; commercialised", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "営団", "rd": "えいだん", "mn": "corporation; foundation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "営業マン", "rd": "えいぎょうマン", "mn": "salesman; businessman", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "営業所", "rd": "えいぎょうしょ", "mn": "business office; place of business", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "営業時間", "rd": "えいぎょうじかん", "mn": "business hours; opening hours; office hours", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "営繕", "rd": "えいぜん", "mn": "maintenance and repair; upkeep (of equipment)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "営農", "rd": "えいのう", "mn": "farming; agriculture", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 22, "rp": 14, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "職", "g": 5, "o": 688, "f": 305, "j": null, "on": "ショク、ソク", "kun": "", "m": "post; employment; work", "pm": "post", "r": [{"c": "耳", "nj": "みみ", "ne": "ear"}, {"c": "戠", "nj": "ショク", "ne": "sword"}], "hc": "ear; kazoo; sound; vase; stand up; sun; day; fiesta", "hk": "post", "hs": "The key word refers to one's occupation, or position of employment. Its elements: <i>ear</i> . . . <i>kazoo</i>.", "ks": "Worst <b>post</b> in history: quality checker at the kazoo factory. Imagine the toll on your ears!", "v": [{"w": "職場", "rd": "しょくば", "mn": "one's post; place of work; workplace", "fr": 4169}, {"w": "職業", "rd": "しょくぎょう", "mn": "occupation; profession; job; vocation; trade; calling; business", "fr": 4176}, {"w": "就職", "rd": "しゅうしょく", "mn": "finding employment; getting a job", "fr": 4285}, {"w": "職", "rd": "しょく", "mn": "job; work; employment; occupation; position", "fr": 5261}, {"w": "職員", "rd": "しょくいん", "mn": "staff member; employee; worker; personnel", "fr": 5273}, {"w": "職人", "rd": "しょくにん", "mn": "craftsman; artisan; tradesman; worker; workman", "fr": 5409}, {"w": "職務", "rd": "しょくむ", "mn": "professional duties", "fr": 9645}, {"w": "転職", "rd": "てんしょく", "mn": "change of job; change of occupation; career change", "fr": 10013}, {"w": "役職", "rd": "やくしょく", "mn": "post; official position", "fr": 12034}, {"w": "退職", "rd": "たいしょく", "mn": "retirement; resignation", "fr": 12984}, {"w": "無職", "rd": "むしょく", "mn": "without an occupation; unemployed; jobless", "fr": 13262}, {"w": "本職", "rd": "ほんしょく", "mn": "principal occupation; main job", "fr": 14977}, {"w": "聖職者", "rd": "せいしょくしゃ", "mn": "clergyman; churchman; clergy", "fr": 24173}, {"w": "辞職", "rd": "じしょく", "mn": "resignation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "休職", "rd": "きゅうしょく", "mn": "temporary retirement; leave of absence; suspension from office", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 72, "rp": 45, "l": 6, "n": "就職 常識"}}, {"k": "証", "g": 5, "o": 689, "f": 306, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "あかし", "m": "evidence; proof; certificate", "pm": "evidence", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "正", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "correct"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; correct; one; ceiling; stop; footprint", "hk": "evidence", "hs": "<i>Words</i> that testify to the <i>correctness</i> of some fact are classified as <b>evidence</b>. (Here we see a good example of how the more common primitive element takes the  \"strong\" position to the left, even though it has more strokes.)", "ks": "Your words must be absolutely correct if you plan to use them as <b>evidence</b>.", "v": [{"w": "証拠", "rd": "しょうこ", "mn": "evidence; proof", "fr": 1006}, {"w": "証明", "rd": "しょうめい", "mn": "proof; testimony; demonstration; verification; certification", "fr": 1624}, {"w": "保証", "rd": "ほしょう", "mn": "guarantee; security; assurance; pledge", "fr": 2498}, {"w": "証言", "rd": "しょうげん", "mn": "testimony; (verbal) evidence", "fr": 4353}, {"w": "証", "rd": "あかし", "mn": "proof; evidence; sign; testimony; testament (to something); vindication", "fr": 4603}, {"w": "検証", "rd": "けんしょう", "mn": "verification; inspection", "fr": 8310}, {"w": "証人", "rd": "しょうにん", "mn": "witness", "fr": 9536}, {"w": "立証", "rd": "りっしょう", "mn": "establishing proof; demonstration; substantiation", "fr": 17985}, {"w": "実証", "rd": "じっしょう", "mn": "demonstration; verification; substantiation; actual proof", "fr": 18110}, {"w": "認証", "rd": "にんしょう", "mn": "certification; attestation; authentication; confirmation", "fr": 21944}, {"w": "免許証", "rd": "めんきょしょう", "mn": "licence; license; permit; certificate (of qualification)", "fr": 23722}, {"w": "保証人", "rd": "ほしょうにん", "mn": "guarantor; surety; sponsor; reference; bondsman", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "保証付き", "rd": "ほしょうつき", "mn": "guaranteed; certified; warranty included", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "保証金", "rd": "ほしょうきん", "mn": "deposit (esp. on renting a house); security money; bond payment; guarantee", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "偽証", "rd": "ぎしょう", "mn": "false evidence; perjury; false testimony", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "可", "g": 5, "o": 690, "f": 314, "j": null, "on": "カ、コク", "kun": "-べ.き、-べ.し", "m": "can; passable; approval", "pm": "can", "r": [{"c": "丁", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "street"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "mouth; street; street; nail; spike", "hk": "can", "hs": "Remember the story about the \"Little Engine that <b>Could</b> \" when you hear this key word, and the rest is simple. See the determined little locomotive huffing and puffing up the mountain - \"I think I <b>can</b> , I think I <b>can</b>.... \" \\- spitting railroad <i>spikes</i> out of its <i>mouth</i> as it chews up the line to the top.", "ks": "On Main STREET America, what you hear in people's MOUTHs is \"Yes We CAN!\".", "v": [{"w": "可能性", "rd": "かのうせい", "mn": "possibility; chance; likelihood; probability", "fr": 671}, {"w": "許可", "rd": "きょか", "mn": "permission; approval; authorization; license", "fr": 1564}, {"w": "可能", "rd": "かのう", "mn": "possible; potential; practicable; feasible", "fr": 1578}, {"w": "不可能", "rd": "ふかのう", "mn": "impossible", "fr": 1796}, {"w": "可愛い", "rd": "かわいい", "mn": "cute; adorable; charming; lovely; pretty", "fr": 2111}, {"w": "可能性が高い", "rd": "かのうせいがたかい", "mn": "very likely; very probable", "fr": 3900}, {"w": "可哀想", "rd": "かわいそう", "mn": "poor; pitiable; pathetic; pitiful", "fr": 5219}, {"w": "可愛らしい", "rd": "かわいらしい", "mn": "lovely; sweet; pretty; cute; adorable", "fr": 5380}, {"w": "可憐", "rd": "かれん", "mn": "sweet (e.g. young girls, flowers blooming); touchingly lovely; cute", "fr": 7717}, {"w": "不可解", "rd": "ふかかい", "mn": "incomprehensible; mysterious; inexplicable; inscrutable; enigmatic; baffling", "fr": 7887}, {"w": "不可欠", "rd": "ふかけつ", "mn": "indispensable; essential", "fr": 8932}, {"w": "可", "rd": "か", "mn": "acceptable; satisfactory; allowed; permitted", "fr": 12344}, {"w": "可能にする", "rd": "かのうにする", "mn": "to allow; to enable; to make possible; to make feasible; to permit", "fr": 14484}, {"w": "不可", "rd": "ふか", "mn": "wrong; bad; improper; unjustifiable; inadvisable", "fr": 14823}, {"w": "認可", "rd": "にんか", "mn": "approval; license; licence; permission", "fr": 22931}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 93, "rp": 23, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "構", "g": 5, "o": 691, "f": 316, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "かま.える、かま.う", "m": "posture; stance; appearance; build; set up", "pm": "posture", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "冓", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "put together"}], "hc": "tree; wood; funnel; cone; celery; again", "hk": "posture", "hs": "Tree . . . funnel.", "ks": "A farm girl uses a wooden funnel as a corset to improve her posture.", "v": [{"w": "結構", "rd": "けっこう", "mn": "splendid; nice; wonderful; delightful; lovely; excellent; fine", "fr": 416}, {"w": "構う", "rd": "かまう", "mn": "to mind; to care about; to be concerned about; to have a regard for", "fr": 1650}, {"w": "構える", "rd": "かまえる", "mn": "to set up (a house, store, etc.); to build; to establish; to run; to maintain", "fr": 2295}, {"w": "構成", "rd": "こうせい", "mn": "composition; construction; formation; makeup; structure; organization; organisat", "fr": 4652}, {"w": "構造", "rd": "こうぞう", "mn": "structure; construction; makeup; framework; organization; pattern", "fr": 4830}, {"w": "待ち構える", "rd": "まちかまえる", "mn": "to lie in wait (for); to be on the watch (for); to wait (for); to watch (for)", "fr": 7046}, {"w": "構築", "rd": "こうちく", "mn": "construction; building; putting up; erecting; creation; formulation; architectur", "fr": 8749}, {"w": "構図", "rd": "こうず", "mn": "composition (of painting); structural outline; compositional arrangement", "fr": 10643}, {"w": "心構え", "rd": "こころがまえ", "mn": "preparedness; readiness; mental attitude; frame of mind", "fr": 10975}, {"w": "機構", "rd": "きこう", "mn": "mechanism; machinery", "fr": 14457}, {"w": "構想", "rd": "こうそう", "mn": "plan; plot; idea; conception; vision; scheme", "fr": 15864}, {"w": "虚構", "rd": "きょこう", "mn": "fiction; fabrication; concoction", "fr": 21942}, {"w": "構内", "rd": "こうない", "mn": "premises; grounds; campus; compound; precincts", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "構造物", "rd": "こうぞうぶつ", "mn": "structure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遺構", "rd": "いこう", "mn": "(archaeological) remains; remnants (of ancient structures); ancient foundation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 92, "rp": 48, "l": 9, "n": "構え 横浜 アメ横"}}, {"k": "費", "g": 5, "o": 692, "f": 321, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "つい.やす、つい.える", "m": "expense; cost; spend; consume; waste", "pm": "expense", "r": [{"c": "弗", "nj": "フツ", "ne": "dollar"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "dollar; bow; stick; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "expense", "hs": "Dollar sign . . . shells/money.", "ks": "A dollar sign next to an amount of money denotes an expense.", "v": [{"w": "消費", "rd": "しょうひ", "mn": "consumption; expenditure; spending", "fr": 5515}, {"w": "費用", "rd": "ひよう", "mn": "cost; expense", "fr": 6220}, {"w": "費やす", "rd": "ついやす", "mn": "to spend; to expend; to consume", "fr": 7416}, {"w": "生活費", "rd": "せいかつひ", "mn": "living expenses", "fr": 10290}, {"w": "費", "rd": "ひ", "mn": "cost; expense", "fr": 11198}, {"w": "経費", "rd": "けいひ", "mn": "expenses; expenditure; outgoings; outlays; costs", "fr": 12804}, {"w": "学費", "rd": "がくひ", "mn": "tuition; school expenses", "fr": 13214}, {"w": "浪費", "rd": "ろうひ", "mn": "waste; extravagance", "fr": 14086}, {"w": "出費", "rd": "しゅっぴ", "mn": "expenses; disbursements", "fr": 15175}, {"w": "食費", "rd": "しょくひ", "mn": "food expenses; money for food; charge for board", "fr": 15458}, {"w": "光熱費", "rd": "こうねつひ", "mn": "cost of fuel and lighting; cost of heat and electricity; energy bill; utility co", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "実費", "rd": "じっぴ", "mn": "actual expenses; out-of-pocket expenses", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "予備費", "rd": "よびひ", "mn": "reserve funds; emergency funds", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "交通費", "rd": "こうつうひ", "mn": "traveling expenses; travelling expenses; carfare", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "交際費", "rd": "こうさいひ", "mn": "entertainment expenses", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 39, "rp": 45, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "比", "g": 5, "o": 693, "f": 329, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "くら.べる", "m": "compare; race; ratio; Philippines", "pm": "compare", "r": [{"c": "匕", "nj": "さじ", "ne": "spoon"}], "hc": "spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "compare", "hs": "With <i>two spoons</i> , one in each hand, you are <b>comparing</b> your mother's cooking with your mother-in-law's.", "ks": "<b>Compare</b> the two spoons… the one on the left is funny-looking.", "v": [{"w": "比べる", "rd": "くらべる", "mn": "to compare; to make a comparison (between)", "fr": 1203}, {"w": "比較的", "rd": "ひかくてき", "mn": "comparatively; relatively", "fr": 5961}, {"w": "比較", "rd": "ひかく", "mn": "comparison", "fr": 6051}, {"w": "見比べる", "rd": "みくらべる", "mn": "to compare with the eye; to judge by comparison", "fr": 9362}, {"w": "比", "rd": "ひ", "mn": "ratio; proportion", "fr": 10701}, {"w": "比例", "rd": "ひれい", "mn": "proportion", "fr": 12865}, {"w": "比喩", "rd": "ひゆ", "mn": "simile; metaphor; allegory; parable", "fr": 15370}, {"w": "比率", "rd": "ひりつ", "mn": "ratio; proportion; percentage", "fr": 17927}, {"w": "対比", "rd": "たいひ", "mn": "contrast; juxtaposition", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "比重", "rd": "ひじゅう", "mn": "specific gravity; relative density", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "恵比寿", "rd": "えびす", "mn": "Ebisu", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "比べ", "rd": "くらべ", "mn": "contest; comparison; competition", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 130, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "防", "g": 5, "o": 694, "f": 331, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "ふせ.ぐ", "m": "ward off; defend; protect; resist", "pm": "ward off", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; compass; direction", "hk": "ward off", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . compass.", "ks": "On the pinnacle you can see in every direction and can ward off attacks or invasions.", "v": [{"w": "防ぐ", "rd": "ふせぐ", "mn": "to defend against; to protect against", "fr": 2378}, {"w": "防御", "rd": "ぼうぎょ", "mn": "defense; defence; safeguard; protection", "fr": 4936}, {"w": "防衛", "rd": "ぼうえい", "mn": "defense; defence; protection", "fr": 7776}, {"w": "攻防", "rd": "こうぼう", "mn": "offense and defense; offence and defence", "fr": 12128}, {"w": "防止", "rd": "ぼうし", "mn": "prevention; check", "fr": 12388}, {"w": "防犯", "rd": "ぼうはん", "mn": "prevention of crime", "fr": 14300}, {"w": "防犯カメラ", "rd": "ぼうはんカメラ", "mn": "security camera", "fr": 16067}, {"w": "正当防衛", "rd": "せいとうぼうえい", "mn": "legitimate self-defence; legitimate self-defense", "fr": 18911}, {"w": "予防", "rd": "よぼう", "mn": "prevention; protection (against); precaution", "fr": 20165}, {"w": "防音", "rd": "ぼうおん", "mn": "soundproofing", "fr": 21667}, {"w": "消防", "rd": "しょうぼう", "mn": "fire fighting", "fr": 23901}, {"w": "国防", "rd": "こくぼう", "mn": "national defence; national defense", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "堤防", "rd": "ていぼう", "mn": "bank; weir; embankment; levee", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "消防署", "rd": "しょうぼうしょ", "mn": "fire station", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "防火", "rd": "ぼうか", "mn": "fire prevention; fire control; fireproofing", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 73, "rp": 31, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "断", "g": 5, "o": 695, "f": 338, "j": null, "on": "ダン", "kun": "た.つ、ことわ.る、さだ.める", "m": "severance; decline; refuse; apologize; warn; dismiss; prohibit; decision; judgement; cutting", "pm": "severance", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "斤", "nj": "おのづくり", "ne": "axe"}], "hc": "fishhook; rice; axe", "hk": "severance", "hs": "Fishhook . . . rice . . . ax.", "ks": "When you get the ax at work, use your severance pay to buy fishhooks and rice. At least that way you can eat sushi.", "v": [{"w": "断る", "rd": "ことわる", "mn": "to refuse; to reject; to dismiss; to turn down; to decline", "fr": 794}, {"w": "判断", "rd": "はんだん", "mn": "judgment; judgement; decision; conclusion; adjudication", "fr": 1056}, {"w": "油断", "rd": "ゆだん", "mn": "negligence; carelessness; inattention; unpreparedness", "fr": 1903}, {"w": "決断", "rd": "けつだん", "mn": "decision; determination", "fr": 3109}, {"w": "断言", "rd": "だんげん", "mn": "assertion; declaration; affirmation", "fr": 4421}, {"w": "中断", "rd": "ちゅうだん", "mn": "interruption; suspension; break", "fr": 5223}, {"w": "断つ", "rd": "たつ", "mn": "to sever; to cut off", "fr": 6526}, {"w": "断じて", "rd": "だんじて", "mn": "absolutely; positively; decidedly", "fr": 6859}, {"w": "断定", "rd": "だんてい", "mn": "conclusion; decision; judgement; declaration", "fr": 7656}, {"w": "切断", "rd": "せつだん", "mn": "cutting; severance; section; amputation; disconnection", "fr": 7760}, {"w": "遮断", "rd": "しゃだん", "mn": "isolation; cut off; blockade; quarantine; interception; deprivation", "fr": 8385}, {"w": "断然", "rd": "だんぜん", "mn": "firmly; flatly; resolutely; decisively; absolutely; definitely", "fr": 9537}, {"w": "独断", "rd": "どくだん", "mn": "one's own judgement (judgment); decision made without consulting others; arbitra", "fr": 10431}, {"w": "診断", "rd": "しんだん", "mn": "diagnosis; medical examination", "fr": 10719}, {"w": "断固", "rd": "だんこ", "mn": "firm; determined; resolute; conclusive", "fr": 12903}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 383, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": "歯"}}, {"k": "境", "g": 5, "o": 696, "f": 346, "j": null, "on": "キョウ、ケイ", "kun": "さかい", "m": "boundary; border; region", "pm": "boundary", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "竟", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "end"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; mirror; vase; stand up; sun; day; human legs", "hk": "boundary", "hs": "Imagine the <b>boundary</b> of a plot of <i>land</i> marked with gigantic <i>mirrors</i> enabling the landowner to keep trespassers in sight at all times.", "ks": "In the dense cities of Japan even a small garden is a luxury. In this house, the owner has put <i>mirrors</i> on the <b>boundary</b> of his <i>land</i> so it feels much bigger.", "v": [{"w": "環境", "rd": "かんきょう", "mn": "environment; surroundings; circumstances", "fr": 2095}, {"w": "境", "rd": "さかい", "mn": "border; boundary", "fr": 6909}, {"w": "境遇", "rd": "きょうぐう", "mn": "one's circumstances; environment; situation (in life)", "fr": 7067}, {"w": "心境", "rd": "しんきょう", "mn": "state of mind; mental state; mental attitude", "fr": 7333}, {"w": "国境", "rd": "こっきょう", "mn": "border (between countries); national border", "fr": 11365}, {"w": "境界", "rd": "きょうかい", "mn": "boundary; border; limit; bounds; frontier", "fr": 12043}, {"w": "境目", "rd": "さかいめ", "mn": "borderline; boundary", "fr": 14598}, {"w": "辺境", "rd": "へんきょう", "mn": "remote region; outlying district; border district; frontier", "fr": 15248}, {"w": "境地", "rd": "きょうち", "mn": "state (of mind); mental state; emotional condition", "fr": 16351}, {"w": "境内", "rd": "けいだい", "mn": "grounds (esp. of shrines and temples); compound; churchyard; precincts", "fr": 16663}, {"w": "苦境", "rd": "くきょう", "mn": "difficult situation; adverse circumstances; predicament; trouble; dilemma; distr", "fr": 20637}, {"w": "逆境", "rd": "ぎゃっきょう", "mn": "adverse circumstances; unfortunate situation; adversity", "fr": 20766}, {"w": "佳境", "rd": "かきょう", "mn": "most interesting part (of a story); climax; good part", "fr": 24089}, {"w": "作業環境", "rd": "さぎょうかんきょう", "mn": "work environment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "推奨環境", "rd": "すいしょうかんきょう", "mn": "system requirements (i.e. recommended hardware and software to run a package)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 5, "rp": 26, "l": 6, "n": "境 億 僕"}}, {"k": "規", "g": 5, "o": 697, "f": 349, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "", "m": "standard; measure", "pm": "standard", "r": [{"c": "夫", "nj": "フ", "ne": "husband"}, {"c": "見", "nj": "みる", "ne": "to see"}], "hc": "husband; see; telescope; eye; human legs", "hk": "standard", "hs": "Husband . . . see.", "ks": "In the male-dominated world of yesterday, the husband's way of seeing things was considered the <b>standard</b> point of view. Women who dared to disagree were frowned upon.", "v": [{"w": "規模", "rd": "きぼ", "mn": "scale; scope; plan; structure", "fr": 4119}, {"w": "大規模", "rd": "だいきぼ", "mn": "large-scale", "fr": 5966}, {"w": "規則", "rd": "きそく", "mn": "rule; regulation", "fr": 7924}, {"w": "規定", "rd": "きてい", "mn": "stipulation; prescription; provision; regulation; rule", "fr": 9338}, {"w": "新規", "rd": "しんき", "mn": "new; fresh", "fr": 9961}, {"w": "正規", "rd": "せいき", "mn": "regular; normal; formal; legal; established; legitimate", "fr": 11843}, {"w": "不規則", "rd": "ふきそく", "mn": "irregular; unsystematic; unsteady; disorderly", "fr": 12242}, {"w": "規制", "rd": "きせい", "mn": "regulation; (traffic) policing; control; restriction", "fr": 12958}, {"w": "規律", "rd": "きりつ", "mn": "order; observance; discipline", "fr": 14200}, {"w": "小規模", "rd": "しょうきぼ", "mn": "small scale", "fr": 15856}, {"w": "規約", "rd": "きやく", "mn": "agreement; rules; code; protocol; convention; bylaw", "fr": 19907}, {"w": "定規", "rd": "じょうぎ", "mn": "(measuring) ruler", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "規格", "rd": "きかく", "mn": "standard; norm", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "規準", "rd": "きじゅん", "mn": "standard; criterion; norm; benchmark; measure; gauge; basis", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "規範", "rd": "きはん", "mn": "model; standard; pattern; norm; criterion; example", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 66, "rp": 27, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "術", "g": 5, "o": 698, "f": 350, "j": null, "on": "ジュツ", "kun": "すべ", "m": "art; technique; skill; means; trick; resources; magic", "pm": "art", "r": [{"c": "行", "nj": "ぎょうがまえ", "ne": "to go"}, {"c": "朮", "nj": "ジュツ", "ne": "a type of millet"}], "hc": "boulevard; going; resin; pole", "hk": "art", "hs": "Boulevard . . . resin.", "ks": "Behold the \"Boulev'Art\" : a life-size section of a boulevard cast in a huge block of resin. Some call it … <b>art</b>.", "v": [{"w": "技術", "rd": "ぎじゅつ", "mn": "technology; engineering", "fr": 1881}, {"w": "術", "rd": "じゅつ", "mn": "art; technique; skill", "fr": 2706}, {"w": "手術", "rd": "しゅじゅつ", "mn": "surgery; operation; procedure", "fr": 4464}, {"w": "芸術", "rd": "げいじゅつ", "mn": "art; the arts", "fr": 6612}, {"w": "戦術", "rd": "せんじゅつ", "mn": "tactics", "fr": 9125}, {"w": "魔術", "rd": "まじゅつ", "mn": "magic; sorcery; witchcraft", "fr": 9759}, {"w": "美術", "rd": "びじゅつ", "mn": "art; fine arts", "fr": 12416}, {"w": "芸術家", "rd": "げいじゅつか", "mn": "artist", "fr": 15530}, {"w": "美術館", "rd": "びじゅつかん", "mn": "art museum; art gallery", "fr": 16432}, {"w": "技術的", "rd": "ぎじゅつてき", "mn": "technical; technological", "fr": 18122}, {"w": "技術者", "rd": "ぎじゅつしゃ", "mn": "engineer; technical expert; technician; craftsperson", "fr": 18425}, {"w": "技術力", "rd": "ぎじゅつりょく", "mn": "technical prowess; technical ability; technical finesse", "fr": 23031}, {"w": "学術", "rd": "がくじゅつ", "mn": "science; learning; scholarship; arts and sciences; academic pursuits", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "奇術", "rd": "きじゅつ", "mn": "magic; conjuring; sleight of hand; legerdemain", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "日本学術会議", "rd": "にほんがくじゅつかいぎ", "mn": "Science Council of Japan", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 141, "rp": 23, "l": 3, "n": "手術 商店街"}}, {"k": "護", "g": 5, "o": 699, "f": 351, "j": null, "on": "ゴ", "kun": "まも.る", "m": "safeguard; protect", "pm": "safeguard", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "蒦", "nj": "ワク", "ne": "to measure"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; radio caroline; flowers; vessels; turkey; crotch", "hk": "safeguard", "hs": "Words . . . flowers . . . vessels.", "ks": "Words and Flowers are exchanged between sailors and their wives before they board the vessel to safeguard the world.", "v": [{"w": "保護", "rd": "ほご", "mn": "protection; safeguard; guardianship; custody; patronage", "fr": 3484}, {"w": "護衛", "rd": "ごえい", "mn": "guard; convoy; escort", "fr": 5367}, {"w": "保護者", "rd": "ほごしゃ", "mn": "guardian; protector; patron; parent", "fr": 5500}, {"w": "弁護士", "rd": "べんごし", "mn": "lawyer; attorney", "fr": 6131}, {"w": "援護", "rd": "えんご", "mn": "support; help; backing", "fr": 7624}, {"w": "看護師", "rd": "かんごし", "mn": "(hospital) nurse; registered nurse; RN", "fr": 7786}, {"w": "警護", "rd": "けいご", "mn": "bodyguard; escort", "fr": 10451}, {"w": "介護", "rd": "かいご", "mn": "nursing; care; caregiving; caring", "fr": 13486}, {"w": "擁護", "rd": "ようご", "mn": "protection; defence; support; safeguarding; championship; vindication", "fr": 17205}, {"w": "弁護", "rd": "べんご", "mn": "defense; defence; pleading; advocacy", "fr": 17778}, {"w": "看護婦", "rd": "かんごふ", "mn": "(female) nurse", "fr": 20444}, {"w": "看護", "rd": "かんご", "mn": "nursing; (army) nurse", "fr": 22429}, {"w": "養護", "rd": "ようご", "mn": "nursing; (protective) care", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "人権擁護", "rd": "じんけんようご", "mn": "protection of human rights", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弁護人", "rd": "べんごにん", "mn": "counsel; defender; advocate", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "態", "g": 5, "o": 700, "f": 353, "j": null, "on": "タイ", "kun": "わざ.と", "m": "attitude; condition; figure; appearance; voice (of verbs)", "pm": "attitude", "r": [{"c": "能", "nj": "ノウ", "ne": "ability"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "ability; elbow; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; spoon; sitting on the ground; heart", "hk": "attitude", "hs": "Ability . . . heart.", "ks": "This guy has an <b>attitude</b> problem – lots of <i>ability</i> , but his <i>heart</i> 's not in it.", "v": [{"w": "状態", "rd": "じょうたい", "mn": "state; condition; situation; appearance; circumstances", "fr": 667}, {"w": "態度", "rd": "たいど", "mn": "attitude; manner; behaviour; demeanour; bearing", "fr": 1228}, {"w": "事態", "rd": "じたい", "mn": "situation; (present) state of affairs; circumstances", "fr": 1905}, {"w": "変態", "rd": "へんたい", "mn": "transformation", "fr": 3238}, {"w": "失態", "rd": "しったい", "mn": "blunder; fault; error; mistake; failure; disgrace", "fr": 7117}, {"w": "態勢", "rd": "たいせい", "mn": "attitude; posture; preparedness; readiness", "fr": 7204}, {"w": "形態", "rd": "けいたい", "mn": "form; shape; figure", "fr": 10617}, {"w": "実態", "rd": "じったい", "mn": "true state; actual condition; reality", "fr": 10657}, {"w": "醜態", "rd": "しゅうたい", "mn": "disgraceful behavior; disgraceful behaviour; shameful conduct; shameful sight", "fr": 12993}, {"w": "生態", "rd": "せいたい", "mn": "ecology; life and habits (of an animal)", "fr": 16405}, {"w": "生態系", "rd": "せいたいけい", "mn": "ecosystem", "fr": 24149}, {"w": "動態", "rd": "どうたい", "mn": "movement; dynamic state", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "実態調査", "rd": "じったいちょうさ", "mn": "fact-finding investigation; investigation into actual conditions; fact-finding s", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旧態", "rd": "きゅうたい", "mn": "old state of affairs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "生態学", "rd": "せいたいがく", "mn": "ecology", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "導", "g": 5, "o": 701, "f": 354, "j": null, "on": "ドウ", "kun": "みちび.く", "m": "guidance; leading; conduct; usher", "pm": "guidance", "r": [{"c": "道", "nj": "ドウ", "ne": "road-way"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "neck; horns; drop; eye; road; glue", "hk": "guidance", "hs": "When we accept someone's <b>guidance</b> , we permit ourselves to be <i>glued</i> to a certain <i>road</i> or <i>way</i> of doing something, and try to  \"stick\" to it.", "ks": "For <b>guidance</b> on the <i>road-way</i> , <i>glue</i> a GPS unit to your car.", "v": [{"w": "導く", "rd": "みちびく", "mn": "to guide; to lead; to show the way; to conduct", "fr": 2184}, {"w": "指導", "rd": "しどう", "mn": "guidance; leadership; instruction; direction; coaching", "fr": 3200}, {"w": "誘導", "rd": "ゆうどう", "mn": "guidance; leading; induction; introduction; incitement; inducement", "fr": 3848}, {"w": "先導", "rd": "せんどう", "mn": "guidance; leadership; leading the way", "fr": 9811}, {"w": "導入", "rd": "どうにゅう", "mn": "introduction; bringing in; installation; setting up; importation", "fr": 10243}, {"w": "指導者", "rd": "しどうしゃ", "mn": "leader; guide; mentor; coach", "fr": 12597}, {"w": "主導権", "rd": "しゅどうけん", "mn": "hegemony; leadership; initiative", "fr": 12697}, {"w": "主導", "rd": "しゅどう", "mn": "leadership; initiative; spearhead", "fr": 13990}, {"w": "半導体", "rd": "はんどうたい", "mn": "semiconductor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "学習指導要領", "rd": "がくしゅうしどうようりょう", "mn": "government course (curriculum) guidelines", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "導火線", "rd": "どうかせん", "mn": "fuse", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盲導犬", "rd": "もうどうけん", "mn": "guide dog; seeing-eye dog", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "超伝導", "rd": "ちょうでんどう", "mn": "superconductivity; super-conductivity", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 68, "rp": 24, "l": 4, "n": "導 薄"}}, {"k": "備", "g": 5, "o": 702, "f": 356, "j": null, "on": "ビ", "kun": "そな.える、そな.わる、つぶさ.に", "m": "equip; provision; preparation", "pm": "equip", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "用", "nj": "もちいる", "ne": "to use"}], "hc": "person; flowers; cliff; screwdriver; utilise; utilize; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; walking stick", "hk": "equip", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>flowers</i> . . . <i>cliff</i> . . . <i>screwdriver</i>. In cases like this you can jumble up the primitive into any order that seems best for the composition of a story, provided you feel confident about the relative position that those primitives take to one another in the completed character.", "ks": "A person equip ping themselves with flowers they will utilize to beautify the barren cliff.", "v": [{"w": "準備", "rd": "じゅんび", "mn": "preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving", "fr": 487}, {"w": "備える", "rd": "そなえる", "mn": "to furnish with; to equip with; to provide; to install", "fr": 2704}, {"w": "警備", "rd": "けいび", "mn": "defense; defence; guard; policing; security", "fr": 4245}, {"w": "装備", "rd": "そうび", "mn": "equipment", "fr": 4712}, {"w": "設備", "rd": "せつび", "mn": "equipment; facilities; installation; accommodations; conveniences; arrangements", "fr": 5836}, {"w": "予備", "rd": "よび", "mn": "reserve; spare", "fr": 6090}, {"w": "整備", "rd": "せいび", "mn": "maintenance; servicing", "fr": 7185}, {"w": "備わる", "rd": "そなわる", "mn": "to be furnished with; to be provided with; to be equipped with", "fr": 9754}, {"w": "兼ね備える", "rd": "かねそなえる", "mn": "to have both; to possess both; to combine with", "fr": 14131}, {"w": "不備", "rd": "ふび", "mn": "defect; deficiency; imperfection; inadequacy; lack", "fr": 16129}, {"w": "守備", "rd": "しゅび", "mn": "defense; defence", "fr": 16894}, {"w": "配備", "rd": "はいび", "mn": "deployment; disposition; posting; stationing", "fr": 17140}, {"w": "備蓄", "rd": "びちく", "mn": "stocking up (in case of emergency); stockpile; reserves; storing; laying in (sup", "fr": 22144}, {"w": "予備校", "rd": "よびこう", "mn": "preparatory school (for entrance examinations); cram school; cramming school", "fr": 22771}, {"w": "備え付ける", "rd": "そなえつける", "mn": "to provide; to furnish; to equip; to install", "fr": 23862}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 65, "rp": 66, "l": 13, "n": ""}}, {"k": "条", "g": 5, "o": 703, "f": 363, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ、チョウ、デキ", "kun": "えだ、すじ", "m": "article; clause; counter for articles, clauses, paragraphs, etc.; twig; item; stripe; streak", "pm": "article", "r": [{"c": "夂", "nj": "のまた", "ne": "to follow"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "walking legs; tree; wood", "hk": "twig", "hs": "Geppetto made <i>walking legs</i> for his little Pinocchio from two <b>twigs</b> of a <i>tree</i> , giving him a set of \" <b>twiggy</b> \" shanks.", "ks": "They all say they have a <i>TREE</i> between their <i>WALKING LEGS</i> but most only have a <b>TWIG</b>.", "v": [{"w": "条件", "rd": "じょうけん", "mn": "condition; term; requirement; qualification; prerequisite", "fr": 1358}, {"w": "無条件", "rd": "むじょうけん", "mn": "unconditional", "fr": 10709}, {"w": "不条理", "rd": "ふじょうり", "mn": "absurd; irrational; unreasonable; illogical", "fr": 15629}, {"w": "信条", "rd": "しんじょう", "mn": "creed; belief; conviction; article of faith", "fr": 16292}, {"w": "条約", "rd": "じょうやく", "mn": "treaty; pact; convention; agreement", "fr": 23851}, {"w": "一条", "rd": "いちじょう", "mn": "one line; one streak; one stripe; one ray (of light); one wisp (of smoke)", "fr": 23976}, {"w": "労働条件", "rd": "ろうどうじょうけん", "mn": "working conditions", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "必須条件", "rd": "ひっすじょうけん", "mn": "essential condition", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "星条旗", "rd": "せいじょうき", "mn": "Stars and Stripes (US flag)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "条件付き", "rd": "じょうけんつき", "mn": "conditional; qualified; with conditions attached", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "条例", "rd": "じょうれい", "mn": "regulations; rules", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "条文", "rd": "じょうぶん", "mn": "text (of a law, treaty, contract, etc.); provisions", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "条理", "rd": "じょうり", "mn": "reason", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "条項", "rd": "じょうこう", "mn": "clause; article; stipulations", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "検索条件", "rd": "けんさくじょうけん", "mn": "search criteria", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 1, "rp": 19, "l": 4, "n": "条件 季節 委ねる 柔道"}}, {"k": "幹", "g": 5, "o": 704, "f": 364, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "みき", "m": "tree trunk; main part; talent; capability", "pm": "tree trunk", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "干", "nj": "かん", "ne": "to dry"}], "hc": "mist; ten; needle; early; sun; day; umbrella; dry; clothesline", "hk": "tree trunk", "hs": "<i>Mist</i> . . . <i>umbrella</i> . . . <i>dry</i>. The meaning of this key word extends beyond <b>tree trunks</b> to represent the main stem or line of anything from railway lines to managerial staffs. This should help distinguish it from the stories used earlier for <i>book</i> (Frame 224) and <i>body</i> (Frame 1030), both of which made use of the image of a <b>tree trunk</b> , as well as the kanji for <i>trunk</i> (Frame 194).", "ks": "A fine <i>mist</i> is falling, and so everyone gathers around near the <b>tree-trunk</b> , effectively using the rest of the tree as an <i>umbrella</i> in order to keep <i>dry</i>.", "v": [{"w": "幹部", "rd": "かんぶ", "mn": "management; (executive) staff; leaders; leadership; top brass; upper echelons", "fr": 6504}, {"w": "幹", "rd": "みき", "mn": "tree trunk; bole", "fr": 10492}, {"w": "新幹線", "rd": "しんかんせん", "mn": "Shinkansen; bullet train", "fr": 12609}, {"w": "根幹", "rd": "こんかん", "mn": "foundation; root; basis; core; fundamentals", "fr": 18372}, {"w": "幹線", "rd": "かんせん", "mn": "main line; trunk line", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "主幹", "rd": "しゅかん", "mn": "chief editor; managing editor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "基幹", "rd": "きかん", "mn": "mainstay; nucleus; key", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "幹事", "rd": "かんじ", "mn": "executive secretary; coordinator; organizer; person in charge of making arrangem", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "独", "g": 5, "o": 705, "f": 365, "j": null, "on": "ドク、トク", "kun": "ひと.り", "m": "single; alone; spontaneously; Germany", "pm": "single", "r": [{"c": "犭", "nj": "けものへん", "ne": "beast"}, {"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}], "hc": "pack of wild dogs; insect", "hk": "single", "hs": "Think of this key word in connection with bachelorhood. The elements: <i>wild dogs</i> . . . <i>insect</i>.", "ks": "A SINGLE guy is a WILD DOG who BUGS many women.", "v": [{"w": "孤独", "rd": "こどく", "mn": "solitude; loneliness; isolation", "fr": 3097}, {"w": "独特", "rd": "どくとく", "mn": "peculiarity; uniqueness; characteristic", "fr": 4279}, {"w": "独り言", "rd": "ひとりごと", "mn": "soliloquy; monologue; speaking to oneself", "fr": 5184}, {"w": "独自", "rd": "どくじ", "mn": "original; unique; distinctive; characteristic; peculiar", "fr": 5406}, {"w": "独立", "rd": "どくりつ", "mn": "independence; self-reliance; supporting oneself; being on one's own", "fr": 5891}, {"w": "独占", "rd": "どくせん", "mn": "monopoly; monopolization; exclusivity", "fr": 6284}, {"w": "独り占め", "rd": "ひとりじめ", "mn": "hogging; having all to oneself; monopolising; monopolizing", "fr": 6389}, {"w": "独り", "rd": "ひとり", "mn": "one person", "fr": 6460}, {"w": "独身", "rd": "どくしん", "mn": "unmarried; single", "fr": 6808}, {"w": "単独", "rd": "たんどく", "mn": "sole; single; solo", "fr": 9588}, {"w": "独断", "rd": "どくだん", "mn": "one's own judgement (judgment); decision made without consulting others; arbitra", "fr": 10431}, {"w": "独学", "rd": "どくがく", "mn": "self-education; self-instruction; self-study", "fr": 22926}, {"w": "独りで", "rd": "ひとりで", "mn": "alone; by oneself; on one's own", "fr": 23010}, {"w": "独創", "rd": "どくそう", "mn": "originality", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "独裁", "rd": "どくさい", "mn": "dictatorship; despotism; autocracy", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 90, "rp": 30, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "輸", "g": 5, "o": 706, "f": 371, "j": null, "on": "ユ、シュ", "kun": "", "m": "transport; send; be inferior", "pm": "transport", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "兪", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "affirmative response"}], "hc": "car; meeting of butchers; umbrella; one; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "transport", "hs": "On the left we see a <i>vehicle</i> used for <b>transport</b>. On the right, we see a new tangle of elements that need sorting out. The first three strokes, you will remember, are the primitive for <i>meeting</i>. Below it we see the elements for <i>flesh</i> and <i>saber</i> , which combine to create a compound element for a <i>butcher</i> and his trade. Together they give us the image of a  \"trucker's convoy.\"", "ks": "The vehicle transport s animals for a meeting with the butcher.", "v": [{"w": "輸送", "rd": "ゆそう", "mn": "transport; transportation; transit; conveyance", "fr": 13834}, {"w": "輸入", "rd": "ゆにゅう", "mn": "import; importation; introduction", "fr": 17171}, {"w": "輸出", "rd": "ゆしゅつ", "mn": "export; exportation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "輸血", "rd": "ゆけつ", "mn": "blood transfusion", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "運輸", "rd": "うんゆ", "mn": "transportation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "密輸", "rd": "みつゆ", "mn": "smuggling; contraband trade", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禁輸", "rd": "きんゆ", "mn": "embargo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "空輸", "rd": "くうゆ", "mn": "air transport; air lift; airlift", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "輸出入", "rd": "ゆしゅつにゅう", "mn": "export and import", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "輸銀", "rd": "ゆぎん", "mn": "import-export bank", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "逆輸入", "rd": "ぎゃくゆにゅう", "mn": "reimportation; reimport; reverse import; importing back", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "運輸省", "rd": "うんゆしょう", "mn": "Ministry of Transport", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "述", "g": 5, "o": 707, "f": 379, "j": null, "on": "ジュツ", "kun": "の.べる", "m": "mention; state; speak; relate", "pm": "mention", "r": [{"c": "朮", "nj": "ジュツ", "ne": "a type of millet"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "resin; pole; road", "hk": "mention", "hs": "Resin . . . road.", "ks": "No-body mention ed that there was resin on the road. Now I'm stuck!", "v": [{"w": "述べる", "rd": "のべる", "mn": "to state; to express; to say; to tell; to mention", "fr": 5013}, {"w": "記述", "rd": "きじゅつ", "mn": "description; account", "fr": 11223}, {"w": "供述", "rd": "きょうじゅつ", "mn": "affidavit; deposition; testimony", "fr": 18348}, {"w": "口述", "rd": "こうじゅつ", "mn": "dictation; verbal statement", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "叙述", "rd": "じょじゅつ", "mn": "description; account; delineation; narration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "詳述", "rd": "しょうじゅつ", "mn": "detailed explanation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "述懐", "rd": "じゅっかい", "mn": "speaking about (one's thoughts, memories, etc.); relating (one's feelings, remin", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陳述", "rd": "ちんじゅつ", "mn": "statement; declaration", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 16, "rp": 36, "l": 5, "n": "述べる 迷う"}}, {"k": "率", "g": 5, "o": 708, "f": 383, "j": null, "on": "ソツ、リツ、シュツ", "kun": "ひき.いる", "m": "ratio; rate; proportion; %; factor; lead; spearhead; command", "pm": "ratio", "r": [{"c": "玄", "nj": "げん", "ne": "darkness"}, {"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "mysterious; question mark; top hat; cocoon; sparkler; ten; needle", "hk": "ratio", "hs": "<i>Mysterious</i> . . . <i>sparkler</i> . . . <i>ten</i>. Do not confuse with <i>proportion</i> (Frame 1673).", "ks": "A witches spell requires the proper RATIO of ingredients: \"TEN SPARKLERS and TEN COCOONS into the HAT ye load, wait TEN minutes and watch it explooooode! hehehehehe\".", "v": [{"w": "確率", "rd": "かくりつ", "mn": "probability; likelihood; chances", "fr": 3726}, {"w": "効率", "rd": "こうりつ", "mn": "efficiency", "fr": 4848}, {"w": "率いる", "rd": "ひきいる", "mn": "to lead; to spearhead (a group); to command (troops)", "fr": 5369}, {"w": "率", "rd": "りつ", "mn": "rate; ratio; proportion; percentage", "fr": 5654}, {"w": "率直", "rd": "そっちょく", "mn": "frank; candid; straightforward; openhearted; direct; outspoken", "fr": 7343}, {"w": "効率的", "rd": "こうりつてき", "mn": "efficient", "fr": 9625}, {"w": "軽率", "rd": "けいそつ", "mn": "rash; thoughtless; careless; hasty; imprudent", "fr": 9996}, {"w": "率先", "rd": "そっせん", "mn": "taking the initiative", "fr": 10767}, {"w": "比率", "rd": "ひりつ", "mn": "ratio; proportion; percentage", "fr": 17927}, {"w": "勝率", "rd": "しょうりつ", "mn": "winning percentage", "fr": 22736}, {"w": "倍率", "rd": "ばいりつ", "mn": "magnification; leverage; amplification; scaling factor; scale factor", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "能率", "rd": "のうりつ", "mn": "efficiency", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "伸び率", "rd": "のびりつ", "mn": "growth rate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "利率", "rd": "りりつ", "mn": "interest rate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "同率", "rd": "どうりつ", "mn": "the same ratio or percentage", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 4, "rp": 11, "l": 3, "n": "軽率 卒業"}}, {"k": "武", "g": 5, "o": 709, "f": 387, "j": null, "on": "ブ、ム", "kun": "たけ、たけ.し", "m": "warrior; military; chivalry; arms", "pm": "warrior", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "弋", "nj": "いぐるみ", "ne": "javelin"}, {"c": "止", "nj": "とめる", "ne": "to stop"}], "hc": "one; arrow; stop; footprint", "hk": "warrior", "hs": "With a <i>quiver</i> of <i>arrows</i> set on one's back, the goal of the <b>warrior</b> depicted here is not to attack but merely to <i>stop</i> the attack of others: the oldest excuse in history!", "ks": "ONE- ARROW can STOP a <b>warrior</b>.", "v": [{"w": "武器", "rd": "ぶき", "mn": "weapon; arms; ordnance", "fr": 1663}, {"w": "武装", "rd": "ぶそう", "mn": "arms; armament; taking up arms; arming oneself", "fr": 7766}, {"w": "武士", "rd": "ぶし", "mn": "samurai; warrior", "fr": 12099}, {"w": "武力", "rd": "ぶりょく", "mn": "armed might; military power; the sword; force", "fr": 14182}, {"w": "武道", "rd": "ぶどう", "mn": "martial arts; military arts; Bushido", "fr": 20177}, {"w": "武将", "rd": "ぶしょう", "mn": "military commander", "fr": 20622}, {"w": "核武装", "rd": "かくぶそう", "mn": "nuclear arms", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "武勇", "rd": "ぶゆう", "mn": "bravery; military prowess; valour; valor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "武者", "rd": "むしゃ", "mn": "warrior", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 96, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "質", "g": 5, "o": 710, "f": 389, "j": null, "on": "シツ、シチ、チ", "kun": "たち、ただ.す、もと、わりふ", "m": "substance; quality; matter; temperament", "pm": "substance", "r": [{"c": "斤", "nj": "おのづくり", "ne": "axe"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "axe; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "substance", "hs": "Two axes . . . shells.", "ks": "What is this <b>substance</b> on this <i>clam</i>? I've already broken 2 <i>axes</i> on it! (Good <b>question</b> … 質問 ).", "v": [{"w": "質問", "rd": "しつもん", "mn": "question; inquiry; enquiry", "fr": 1041}, {"w": "人質", "rd": "ひとじち", "mn": "hostage", "fr": 4322}, {"w": "質", "rd": "しつ", "mn": "quality; value", "fr": 4916}, {"w": "性質", "rd": "せいしつ", "mn": "nature (of a person); disposition; temperament; character", "fr": 5577}, {"w": "本質", "rd": "ほんしつ", "mn": "essence; true nature; substance; reality", "fr": 5592}, {"w": "体質", "rd": "たいしつ", "mn": "constitution (physical); physical make-up; predisposition (to disease); disposit", "fr": 6512}, {"w": "物質", "rd": "ぶっしつ", "mn": "material; substance", "fr": 7550}, {"w": "質問をする", "rd": "しつもんをする", "mn": "to ask a question; to ask questions", "fr": 7659}, {"w": "素質", "rd": "そしつ", "mn": "makings (of); aptitude; talent; qualities", "fr": 7683}, {"w": "実質", "rd": "じっしつ", "mn": "substance; essence", "fr": 8858}, {"w": "異質", "rd": "いしつ", "mn": "different (quality, nature); heterogeneous", "fr": 10598}, {"w": "資質", "rd": "ししつ", "mn": "nature; disposition; temperament; qualities; attributes; talents", "fr": 10826}, {"w": "神経質", "rd": "しんけいしつ", "mn": "nervous; highly strung; sensitive", "fr": 11652}, {"w": "質量", "rd": "しつりょう", "mn": "mass", "fr": 12339}, {"w": "悪質", "rd": "あくしつ", "mn": "malicious; vicious; malignant; underhanded", "fr": 12867}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 187, "rp": 78, "l": 16, "n": ""}}, {"k": "象", "g": 5, "o": 711, "f": 394, "j": null, "on": "ショウ、ゾウ", "kun": "かたど.る", "m": "elephant; pattern after; imitate; image; shape; sign (of the times)", "pm": "elephant", "r": [{"c": "豕", "nj": "いのこ", "ne": "pig"}], "hc": "colour; color; bound up; sow; pig", "hk": "elephant", "hs": "A <i>rabbit</i> 's head with the body of a <i>sow</i> represents an <b>elephant</b>. Little wonder that the kanji also means  \"phenomenon\"!", "ks": "An <b>elephant</b> has huge ears, like a <i>rabbit</i> , and a big, fat body, like a <i>sow</i>.", "v": [{"w": "対象", "rd": "たいしょう", "mn": "target; object (of worship, study, etc.); subject (of taxation, etc.); coverage", "fr": 2432}, {"w": "印象", "rd": "いんしょう", "mn": "impression", "fr": 2449}, {"w": "現象", "rd": "げんしょう", "mn": "phenomenon", "fr": 4126}, {"w": "象徴", "rd": "しょうちょう", "mn": "symbol (of something abstract); emblem; (symbolic) representation", "fr": 4698}, {"w": "印象的", "rd": "いんしょうてき", "mn": "impressive; striking; memorable; impactful", "fr": 10311}, {"w": "事象", "rd": "じしょう", "mn": "event; phenomenon; matter", "fr": 12250}, {"w": "象", "rd": "しょう", "mn": "form; shape; figure; appearance; phenomenon", "fr": 14969}, {"w": "抽象的", "rd": "ちゅうしょうてき", "mn": "abstract", "fr": 17073}, {"w": "抽象", "rd": "ちゅうしょう", "mn": "abstraction", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "気象", "rd": "きしょう", "mn": "weather (conditions)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "具象", "rd": "ぐしょう", "mn": "concreteness; embodiment; expressing concretely", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "印象付ける", "rd": "いんしょうづける", "mn": "to impress (someone)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "気象予報士", "rd": "きしょうよほうし", "mn": "weather forecaster", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "気象台", "rd": "きしょうだい", "mn": "meteorological observatory", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "気象学", "rd": "きしょうがく", "mn": "meteorology", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 42, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": "対象 想像"}}, {"k": "衛", "g": 5, "o": 712, "f": 400, "j": null, "on": "エイ、エ", "kun": "", "m": "defense; protection", "pm": "defense", "r": [{"c": "行", "nj": "ぎょうがまえ", "ne": "to go"}, {"c": "韋", "nj": "なめしがわ", "ne": "leather"}], "hc": "defence; boulevard; going; locket; stick; key; mouth; monocle; sunglasses with one lens missing", "hk": "defense", "hs": "<i>Boulevard</i> . . . <i>locket</i>. Do not confuse with <i>ward off</i> (Frame 1399), <i>protect</i> (Frame 1072), <i>guard</i> (Frame 198), or <i>safeguard</i> (Frame 756).", "ks": "[defense, protection] For \" <i>defense</i> against the dark arts\" class, you go the magical <i>boulevard</i> and buy an enchanted <i>locket</i>.", "v": [{"w": "護衛", "rd": "ごえい", "mn": "guard; convoy; escort", "fr": 5367}, {"w": "防衛", "rd": "ぼうえい", "mn": "defense; defence; protection", "fr": 7776}, {"w": "衛星", "rd": "えいせい", "mn": "(natural) satellite; moon", "fr": 17835}, {"w": "正当防衛", "rd": "せいとうぼうえい", "mn": "legitimate self-defence; legitimate self-defense", "fr": 18911}, {"w": "前衛", "rd": "ぜんえい", "mn": "advance guard; vanguard", "fr": 19178}, {"w": "自衛", "rd": "じえい", "mn": "self-defense; self-defence", "fr": 20430}, {"w": "自衛隊", "rd": "じえいたい", "mn": "Japan Self-Defense Forces; JSDF", "fr": 21724}, {"w": "近衛", "rd": "このえ", "mn": "Imperial Guards", "fr": 23659}, {"w": "守衛", "rd": "しゅえい", "mn": "(security) guard; caretaker; janitor; doorkeeper; gatekeeper", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "衛生", "rd": "えいせい", "mn": "hygiene; sanitation; cleanliness; health", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "人工衛星", "rd": "じんこうえいせい", "mn": "artificial satellite; man-made satellite", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公衆衛生", "rd": "こうしゅうえいせい", "mn": "public health; public hygiene; sanitation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "専守防衛", "rd": "せんしゅぼうえい", "mn": "nonaggressive defense (policy) (defence)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歯科衛生士", "rd": "しかえいせいし", "mn": "dental hygienist", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "海上自衛隊", "rd": "かいじょうじえいたい", "mn": "Maritime Self Defense Forces (Defence)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "張", "g": 5, "o": 713, "f": 403, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "は.る、-は.り、-ば.り", "m": "counter for bows & stringed instruments; stretch; spread; put up (tent)", "pm": "counter for bows & stringed instruments", "r": [{"c": "弓", "nj": "ゆみ", "ne": "bow （in archery）"}, {"c": "長", "nj": "ながい", "ne": "long"}], "hc": "bow; long", "hk": "lengthen", "hs": "Bow . . . long.", "ks": "Wanna lengthen the distance you can shoot? Use a longbow!", "v": [{"w": "頑張る", "rd": "がんばる", "mn": "to persevere; to persist; to keep at it; to hang on; to hold out; to do one's be", "fr": 338}, {"w": "張る", "rd": "はる", "mn": "to stick; to paste; to affix", "fr": 885}, {"w": "緊張", "rd": "きんちょう", "mn": "tension; strain; nervousness; stress", "fr": 1042}, {"w": "頑張って", "rd": "がんばって", "mn": "do your best; go for it; hang in there; keep at it", "fr": 1135}, {"w": "見張る", "rd": "みはる", "mn": "to stand watch; to stand guard; to look out", "fr": 2697}, {"w": "主張", "rd": "しゅちょう", "mn": "claim; insistence; assertion; advocacy; emphasis; contention; opinion; tenet", "fr": 2968}, {"w": "張り切る", "rd": "はりきる", "mn": "to be in high spirits; to be full of vigor (vigour); to be enthusiastic; to be e", "fr": 3571}, {"w": "出張", "rd": "しゅっちょう", "mn": "business trip; official trip", "fr": 5709}, {"w": "張り", "rd": "ばり", "mn": "in the style of (esp. literary, artistic, etc. works); reminiscent of", "fr": 6580}, {"w": "見張り", "rd": "みはり", "mn": "watch; guard; lookout; surveillance; watchman; sentinel", "fr": 8499}, {"w": "張本人", "rd": "ちょうほんにん", "mn": "originator; ringleader; perpetrator; main culprit; person responsible", "fr": 8568}, {"w": "引っ張る", "rd": "ひっぱる", "mn": "to pull; to draw; to pull tight", "fr": 9266}, {"w": "踏ん張る", "rd": "ふんばる", "mn": "to brace one's legs; to stand firm; to plant one's feet (firmly on the ground)", "fr": 9480}, {"w": "頑張り", "rd": "がんばり", "mn": "tenacity; endurance", "fr": 9871}, {"w": "欲張り", "rd": "よくばり", "mn": "greed; avarice; covetousness; greedy person", "fr": 11497}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 169, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "限", "g": 5, "o": 714, "f": 405, "j": null, "on": "ゲン", "kun": "かぎ.る、かぎ.り、-かぎ.り", "m": "limit; restrict; to best of ability", "pm": "limit", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; silver", "hk": "limit", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . silver.", "ks": "The speed <b>limit</b> at <i>The Pinnacle</i> is posted on <i>silver</i> signs.", "v": [{"w": "限界", "rd": "げんかい", "mn": "limit; bound", "fr": 1209}, {"w": "限り", "rd": "かぎり", "mn": "limit; limits; bounds", "fr": 1334}, {"w": "限る", "rd": "かぎる", "mn": "to restrict; to limit; to confine", "fr": 1450}, {"w": "限定", "rd": "げんてい", "mn": "limit; restriction", "fr": 3744}, {"w": "無限", "rd": "むげん", "mn": "infinity; infinitude; eternity", "fr": 4037}, {"w": "制限", "rd": "せいげん", "mn": "restriction; restraint; limitation; limit", "fr": 4827}, {"w": "とは限らない", "rd": "とはかぎらない", "mn": "not necessarily so; is not always true; there is no guarantee that ...; there is", "fr": 5178}, {"w": "最低限", "rd": "さいていげん", "mn": "minimum", "fr": 5318}, {"w": "最大限", "rd": "さいだいげん", "mn": "maximum", "fr": 5508}, {"w": "権限", "rd": "けんげん", "mn": "power; authority; jurisdiction", "fr": 6118}, {"w": "限りない", "rd": "かぎりない", "mn": "unlimited; endless; boundless; infinite", "fr": 6648}, {"w": "に限って", "rd": "にかぎって", "mn": "particularly; only; in the case of", "fr": 6974}, {"w": "期限", "rd": "きげん", "mn": "term; period; time frame", "fr": 7368}, {"w": "限度", "rd": "げんど", "mn": "limit; bounds", "fr": 7843}, {"w": "最小限", "rd": "さいしょうげん", "mn": "minimum; lowest; minimal; least", "fr": 8849}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 75, "rp": 42, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "額", "g": 5, "o": 715, "f": 407, "j": null, "on": "ガク", "kun": "ひたい", "m": "forehead; tablet; plaque; framed picture; sum; amount; volume", "pm": "forehead", "r": [{"c": "客", "nj": "キャク", "ne": "guest"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "guest; house; each; walking legs; mouth; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "forehead", "hs": "As Miss Manners will be the first to tell you, out of respect, one does not look straight into the eyes of one's <i>guests</i> , but focus on the top button of their collar. Here, however, you are told to look above the eyes to the <b>forehead</b> of your <i>guest</i>.", "ks": "In New Zealand, people welcome guests by touching their forehead s together.", "v": [{"w": "額", "rd": "がく", "mn": "(picture) frame; framed picture", "fr": 2205}, {"w": "金額", "rd": "きんがく", "mn": "amount of money; sum", "fr": 4940}, {"w": "高額", "rd": "こうがく", "mn": "large sum (of money); large amount", "fr": 11945}, {"w": "全額", "rd": "ぜんがく", "mn": "total; full amount; sum", "fr": 13008}, {"w": "多額", "rd": "たがく", "mn": "large (amount of money); huge; hefty; expensive", "fr": 13374}, {"w": "半額", "rd": "はんがく", "mn": "half the amount (of money); half price; half fare", "fr": 16709}, {"w": "差額", "rd": "さがく", "mn": "balance; difference (in price, cost); margin", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "増額", "rd": "ぞうがく", "mn": "increase (in an amount of money)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "定額", "rd": "ていがく", "mn": "fixed amount (of money); fixed sum; flat sum", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "少額", "rd": "しょうがく", "mn": "small sum (of money); small amount", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巨額", "rd": "きょがく", "mn": "huge sum (esp. of money); enormous sum; massive amount", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "年額", "rd": "ねんがく", "mn": "yearly amount", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "月額", "rd": "げつがく", "mn": "monthly sum; monthly amount", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "減額", "rd": "げんがく", "mn": "reduction (esp. in price or cost); diminution; abatement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "税額", "rd": "ぜいがく", "mn": "amount of tax", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 21, "rp": 51, "l": 11, "n": ""}}, {"k": "義", "g": 5, "o": 716, "f": 415, "j": null, "on": "ギ", "kun": "", "m": "righteousness; justice; morality; honor; loyalty; meaning", "pm": "righteousness", "r": [{"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}, {"c": "我", "nj": "ガ", "ne": "ego"}], "hc": "sheep; ego; hand; fiesta", "hk": "righteousness", "hs": "Sheep . . . ego.", "ks": "Righteous Christians are sheep with egos (reworked from raulir, fixes word order to match radical order).", "v": [{"w": "正義", "rd": "せいぎ", "mn": "justice; right; righteousness", "fr": 2817}, {"w": "義務", "rd": "ぎむ", "mn": "duty; obligation; responsibility", "fr": 3352}, {"w": "義理", "rd": "ぎり", "mn": "duty; sense of duty; honor; honour; decency; courtesy; debt of gratitude; social", "fr": 4466}, {"w": "主義", "rd": "しゅぎ", "mn": "doctrine; rule; principle; -ism", "fr": 5753}, {"w": "講義", "rd": "こうぎ", "mn": "lecture", "fr": 8035}, {"w": "定義", "rd": "ていぎ", "mn": "definition", "fr": 8964}, {"w": "有意義", "rd": "ゆういぎ", "mn": "significant; useful; meaningful; worthwhile; valuable; of interest", "fr": 9747}, {"w": "意義", "rd": "いぎ", "mn": "meaning; significance", "fr": 11230}, {"w": "大義名分", "rd": "たいぎめいぶん", "mn": "just cause; good reason; pretext; justification", "fr": 16136}, {"w": "大義", "rd": "たいぎ", "mn": "great cause; moral law; justice", "fr": 16198}, {"w": "名義", "rd": "めいぎ", "mn": "name (esp. on a deed, contract, work, etc.); formal name; published name", "fr": 16532}, {"w": "忠義", "rd": "ちゅうぎ", "mn": "loyalty; devotion", "fr": 18556}, {"w": "疑義", "rd": "ぎぎ", "mn": "doubt", "fr": 19676}, {"w": "義父", "rd": "ぎふ", "mn": "father-in-law", "fr": 19981}, {"w": "義母", "rd": "ぎぼ", "mn": "mother-in-law", "fr": 21124}], "p": null}, {"k": "準", "g": 5, "o": 717, "f": 425, "j": null, "on": "ジュン", "kun": "じゅん.じる、じゅん.ずる、なぞら.える、のり、ひと.しい、みずもり", "m": "semi-; correspond to; proportionate to; conform; imitate", "pm": "semi-", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "隼", "nj": "シュン", "ne": "falcon"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; turkey; ten; needle", "hk": "semi-", "hs": "Think of this in terms of the <b>semi</b> finals of some sports competition. <i>Water</i> . . . <i>turkeys</i> . . . <i>needle</i>.", "ks": "At the <i>turkey</i> fighting <b>semi-</b> final, turkeys are injected with drugs via <i>needles</i> and splashed with <i>water</i> to help them last the match.", "v": [{"w": "準備", "rd": "じゅんび", "mn": "preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving", "fr": 487}, {"w": "基準", "rd": "きじゅん", "mn": "standard; criterion; norm; benchmark; measure; gauge; basis", "fr": 4776}, {"w": "照準", "rd": "しょうじゅん", "mn": "sight (e.g. of a gun); aim; alignment", "fr": 16106}, {"w": "準", "rd": "じゅん", "mn": "semi-; quasi-; associate", "fr": 19864}, {"w": "標準", "rd": "ひょうじゅん", "mn": "standard; criterion; norm; model; mark", "fr": 20704}, {"w": "水準", "rd": "すいじゅん", "mn": "level; standard", "fr": 21538}, {"w": "準じる", "rd": "じゅんじる", "mn": "to follow (a rule, precedent, etc.); to conform to (the law, standards, etc.); t", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "準ずる", "rd": "じゅんずる", "mn": "to follow (a rule, precedent, etc.); to conform to (the law, standards, etc.); t", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "準急", "rd": "じゅんきゅう", "mn": "semi-express train; local express train; sub-express train", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "規準", "rd": "きじゅん", "mn": "standard; criterion; norm; benchmark; measure; gauge; basis", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "低水準", "rd": "ていすいじゅん", "mn": "substandard; low-level", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "労働基準法", "rd": "ろうどうきじゅんほう", "mn": "Labor Standards Act", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "基準法", "rd": "きじゅんほう", "mn": "basic law", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "標準的", "rd": "ひょうじゅんてき", "mn": "standard", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "標準語", "rd": "ひょうじゅんご", "mn": "standard language (used in government, education, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 78, "rp": 33, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "賞", "g": 5, "o": 718, "f": 426, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "ほ.める", "m": "prize; reward; praise", "pm": "prize", "r": [{"c": "尚", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "esteem"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "outhouse; small; little; crown; mouth; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "prize", "hs": "Outhouse . . . shellfish.", "ks": "You won first <b>PRIZE</b> in a <i>shell-fish</i> eating contest. Unfortunately you spent the whole night in the <i>outhouse</i> after.", "v": [{"w": "賞", "rd": "しょう", "mn": "prize; award", "fr": 5597}, {"w": "鑑賞", "rd": "かんしょう", "mn": "appreciation (of art, music, poetry, etc.)", "fr": 10535}, {"w": "受賞", "rd": "じゅしょう", "mn": "winning a prize; receiving an award; being awarded", "fr": 11487}, {"w": "賞金", "rd": "しょうきん", "mn": "prize money; monetary award; reward", "fr": 12346}, {"w": "賞賛", "rd": "しょうさん", "mn": "praise; admiration; commendation; approbation; applause", "fr": 13026}, {"w": "賞品", "rd": "しょうひん", "mn": "prize; trophy", "fr": 15323}, {"w": "賞味期限", "rd": "しょうみきげん", "mn": "best-before date (on food); use-by date; expiry date; expiration date", "fr": 20063}, {"w": "大賞", "rd": "たいしょう", "mn": "big prize; first prize", "fr": 20621}, {"w": "観賞", "rd": "かんしょう", "mn": "admiration; appreciation; enjoyment; viewing (for pleasure)", "fr": 21735}, {"w": "入賞", "rd": "にゅうしょう", "mn": "winning a prize; placing (high; in a contest)", "fr": 23627}, {"w": "懸賞", "rd": "けんしょう", "mn": "offering a prize; prize competition; prize; reward", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "アカデミー賞", "rd": "アカデミーしょう", "mn": "Academy Award", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "ノーベル賞", "rd": "ノーベルしょう", "mn": "Nobel Prize", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "副賞", "rd": "ふくしょう", "mn": "supplementary prize; additional prize; auxiliary prize; bonus prize", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "授賞", "rd": "じゅしょう", "mn": "awarding a prize; giving an award", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 19, "rp": 21, "l": 5, "n": "鑑賞 食堂 鼻 お腹"}}, {"k": "造", "g": 5, "o": 719, "f": 429, "j": null, "on": "ゾウ", "kun": "つく.る、つく.り、-づく.り", "m": "create; make; structure; physique", "pm": "create", "r": [{"c": "告", "nj": "コク", "ne": "revelation"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "revelation; cow; mouth; road", "hk": "create", "hs": "Think of <b>creating</b> as making something out of nothing. Then recall how the <i>way</i> of <i>revelation</i> laid out in the Bible begins with the story of how God <b>created</b> the world out of a dark and chaotic nothingness.", "ks": "A <i>cow</i> <b>creates</b> a <i>road</i> by <i>eating</i> all the grass on its <i>path</i>.", "v": [{"w": "造る", "rd": "つくる", "mn": "to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct", "fr": 4631}, {"w": "構造", "rd": "こうぞう", "mn": "structure; construction; makeup; framework; organization; pattern", "fr": 4830}, {"w": "改造", "rd": "かいぞう", "mn": "remodeling; remodelling; reconstruction; conversion; alteration; renovation; mod", "fr": 6098}, {"w": "造り", "rd": "つくり", "mn": "making; producing; manufacturing; building; construction; make; structure", "fr": 8930}, {"w": "製造", "rd": "せいぞう", "mn": "manufacture; production", "fr": 9133}, {"w": "無造作", "rd": "むぞうさ", "mn": "easy; simple; ready", "fr": 9166}, {"w": "創造", "rd": "そうぞう", "mn": "creation", "fr": 11904}, {"w": "建造物", "rd": "けんぞうぶつ", "mn": "structure; building", "fr": 15514}, {"w": "偽造", "rd": "ぎぞう", "mn": "forgery; counterfeiting; fabrication; falsification", "fr": 16040}, {"w": "捏造", "rd": "ねつぞう", "mn": "fabrication; forgery; falsehood; hoax", "fr": 16967}, {"w": "造形", "rd": "ぞうけい", "mn": "molding; moulding; shaping; forming; modelling (i.e. plastic arts); modeling", "fr": 17892}, {"w": "木造", "rd": "もくぞう", "mn": "wooden; made of wood; wooden construction", "fr": 18961}, {"w": "建造", "rd": "けんぞう", "mn": "building; construction", "fr": 20305}, {"w": "荷造り", "rd": "にづくり", "mn": "packing; baling; crating", "fr": 22379}, {"w": "人造", "rd": "じんぞう", "mn": "artificial; man-made; imitation; synthetic", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "技", "g": 5, "o": 720, "f": 434, "j": null, "on": "ギ", "kun": "わざ", "m": "skill; art; craft; ability; feat; performance; vocation; arts", "pm": "skill", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "支", "nj": "しにょう", "ne": "branch"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; branch; ten; needle; crotch", "hk": "skill", "hs": "Fingers . . . branch.", "ks": "Better be skilled with your finger if all you've got is a needle crotch.", "v": [{"w": "技術", "rd": "ぎじゅつ", "mn": "technology; engineering", "fr": 1881}, {"w": "技", "rd": "わざ", "mn": "technique; art; skill; move", "fr": 2584}, {"w": "演技", "rd": "えんぎ", "mn": "acting; performance", "fr": 3429}, {"w": "特技", "rd": "とくぎ", "mn": "special skill", "fr": 7878}, {"w": "競技", "rd": "きょうぎ", "mn": "game; match; contest; competition; sport; (sporting) event", "fr": 9633}, {"w": "技能", "rd": "ぎのう", "mn": "technical skill; ability; capacity", "fr": 17640}, {"w": "技術的", "rd": "ぎじゅつてき", "mn": "technical; technological", "fr": 18122}, {"w": "技術者", "rd": "ぎじゅつしゃ", "mn": "engineer; technical expert; technician; craftsperson", "fr": 18425}, {"w": "演技力", "rd": "えんぎりょく", "mn": "acting ability; talent as a performer", "fr": 22555}, {"w": "技術力", "rd": "ぎじゅつりょく", "mn": "technical prowess; technical ability; technical finesse", "fr": 23031}, {"w": "実技", "rd": "じつぎ", "mn": "practical skill", "fr": 23655}, {"w": "技師", "rd": "ぎし", "mn": "engineer; technician", "fr": 23821}, {"w": "国技", "rd": "こくぎ", "mn": "national sport", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "妙技", "rd": "みょうぎ", "mn": "exquisite skill; wonderful performance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "技巧", "rd": "ぎこう", "mn": "technique; finesse", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 116, "rp": 32, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "復", "g": 5, "o": 721, "f": 438, "j": null, "on": "フク", "kun": "また", "m": "restore; return to; revert; resume", "pm": "restore", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "复", "nj": "", "ne": "return"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; fold back; double back; reclining; lying down; sun; day; walking legs", "hk": "restore", "hs": "Going . . . double back.", "ks": "Before <i>going</i> all the way to the Boss in a Final Fantasy game, you should probably <i>double back</i> to save at a <b>restore</b> point.", "v": [{"w": "回復", "rd": "かいふく", "mn": "restoration; recovery; rehabilitation; return; improvement", "fr": 1932}, {"w": "復活", "rd": "ふっかつ", "mn": "revival (of an old system, custom, fashion, etc.); restoration; return; comeback", "fr": 2611}, {"w": "復讐", "rd": "ふくしゅう", "mn": "revenge", "fr": 3201}, {"w": "復帰", "rd": "ふっき", "mn": "return; reversion; comeback; reinstatement", "fr": 4770}, {"w": "往復", "rd": "おうふく", "mn": "making a round trip; going and returning; coming and going", "fr": 5761}, {"w": "修復", "rd": "しゅうふく", "mn": "restoration; repair; mending", "fr": 6073}, {"w": "報復", "rd": "ほうふく", "mn": "retaliation; revenge; reprisal; retribution", "fr": 10818}, {"w": "復習", "rd": "ふくしゅう", "mn": "review (of learned material); revision", "fr": 12291}, {"w": "復興", "rd": "ふっこう", "mn": "revival; reconstruction; restoration; rebuilding; recovery; renaissance", "fr": 12518}, {"w": "復旧", "rd": "ふっきゅう", "mn": "restoration; restitution; rehabilitation", "fr": 13479}, {"w": "復元", "rd": "ふくげん", "mn": "restoration (to the original state or location); reconstruction; restitution", "fr": 14942}, {"w": "反復", "rd": "はんぷく", "mn": "repetition; repeat; reiteration", "fr": 22885}, {"w": "復党", "rd": "ふくとう", "mn": "rejoining a political party", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "復刻", "rd": "ふっこく", "mn": "republication; reissue; reprinting; reproduction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "復員", "rd": "ふくいん", "mn": "demobilization; demobilisation; repatriation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 5, "rp": 13, "l": 2, "n": "修復 優しい"}}, {"k": "移", "g": 5, "o": 722, "f": 448, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "うつ.る、うつ.す", "m": "shift; move; change; drift; catch (cold, fire); pass into", "pm": "shift", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "多", "nj": "タ", "ne": "many"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; many; evening", "hk": "shift", "hs": "Wheat . . . many.", "ks": "Many people are making the shift from white to whole wheat bread.", "v": [{"w": "移動", "rd": "いどう", "mn": "movement; transfer; migration; removal; travel", "fr": 1210}, {"w": "移る", "rd": "うつる", "mn": "to move (to another place or state); to change (e.g. of state, affiliation, scen", "fr": 2433}, {"w": "移す", "rd": "うつす", "mn": "to transfer (to a different place, group, etc.); to change; to move (something);", "fr": 2951}, {"w": "移行", "rd": "いこう", "mn": "transition; changeover; switchover; shift", "fr": 8969}, {"w": "転移", "rd": "てんい", "mn": "moving (location, with the times, etc.); change; transition", "fr": 12122}, {"w": "移住", "rd": "いじゅう", "mn": "migration; move; emigration; immigration", "fr": 14527}, {"w": "移植", "rd": "いしょく", "mn": "transplanting (a plant); transplant; grafting", "fr": 15886}, {"w": "移送", "rd": "いそう", "mn": "transfer; transport; transportation", "fr": 19733}, {"w": "移転", "rd": "いてん", "mn": "moving; relocation; change of address", "fr": 24152}, {"w": "推移", "rd": "すいい", "mn": "transition; change; progress; development; shift", "fr": 24963}, {"w": "移民", "rd": "いみん", "mn": "immigration; emigration", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "変移", "rd": "へんい", "mn": "change; alteration; transmutation; mutation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "移り変わり", "rd": "うつりかわり", "mn": "change (e.g. season)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "移動平均", "rd": "いどうへいきん", "mn": "moving average", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "移管", "rd": "いかん", "mn": "transfer of control", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 165, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "個", "g": 5, "o": 723, "f": 451, "j": null, "on": "コ、カ", "kun": "", "m": "individual; counter for articles", "pm": "individual", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "固", "nj": "コ", "ne": "harden"}], "hc": "person; harden; pent in; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "individual", "hs": "Person . . . harden.", "ks": "Mr. T is a hardened individual.", "v": [{"w": "個", "rd": "こ", "mn": "counter for (small) things or pieces", "fr": 2124}, {"w": "個人", "rd": "こじん", "mn": "individual; private person; personal; private", "fr": 2338}, {"w": "個人的", "rd": "こじんてき", "mn": "personal; individual; private", "fr": 2776}, {"w": "一個", "rd": "いっこ", "mn": "one (thing); one piece; one item", "fr": 5222}, {"w": "個性", "rd": "こせい", "mn": "individuality; personality; quirk; idiosyncrasy; character; individual character", "fr": 5908}, {"w": "個室", "rd": "こしつ", "mn": "single (room); room for one; one's own room; private room; private compartment", "fr": 7310}, {"w": "個体", "rd": "こたい", "mn": "individual; specimen", "fr": 10869}, {"w": "個性的", "rd": "こせいてき", "mn": "individual; distinctive; unique; characteristic; personal; idiosyncratic", "fr": 11772}, {"w": "個別", "rd": "こべつ", "mn": "individual; separate; personal; case-by-case", "fr": 12684}, {"w": "個々", "rd": "ここ", "mn": "individual; one by one; separate; each", "fr": 13653}, {"w": "個人差", "rd": "こじんさ", "mn": "individual differences; personal equation", "fr": 18923}, {"w": "個所", "rd": "かしょ", "mn": "place; point; part; spot; area; passage; portion", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "個々人", "rd": "ここじん", "mn": "each individual; each person", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "個展", "rd": "こてん", "mn": "solo exhibition; one-man exhibition; one-woman exhibition", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "別個", "rd": "べっこ", "mn": "another; different; separate; discrete", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 101, "rp": 24, "l": 3, "n": "周り"}}, {"k": "評", "g": 5, "o": 724, "f": 454, "j": null, "on": "ヒョウ", "kun": "", "m": "evaluate; criticism; comment", "pm": "evaluate", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "平", "nj": "ヘイ", "ne": "even"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; even; water-lily; lily pad", "hk": "evaluate", "hs": "Words . . . water lily.", "ks": "Good <b>evaluation</b> should always be <i>words</i> of <i>even</i> fairness.", "v": [{"w": "評価", "rd": "ひょうか", "mn": "valuation; appraisal; evaluation; assessment; estimation; rating; judging", "fr": 2312}, {"w": "評判", "rd": "ひょうばん", "mn": "reputation; (public) estimation; popularity", "fr": 2683}, {"w": "好評", "rd": "こうひょう", "mn": "favorable reception; good reputation; popularity", "fr": 8790}, {"w": "大好評", "rd": "だいこうひょう", "mn": "very highly commended; highly lauded; very well-received; very popular", "fr": 19837}, {"w": "不評", "rd": "ふひょう", "mn": "bad reputation; poor reception; unpopularity; disrepute", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "批評", "rd": "ひひょう", "mn": "criticism; critique; review; commentary", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "書評", "rd": "しょひょう", "mn": "book review", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "評論", "rd": "ひょうろん", "mn": "criticism; critique; review; comment; critical essay", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "定評", "rd": "ていひょう", "mn": "established reputation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "総評", "rd": "そうひょう", "mn": "general comment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "評", "rd": "ひょう", "mn": "criticism; commentary; review", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "評伝", "rd": "ひょうでん", "mn": "critical biography", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "評決", "rd": "ひょうけつ", "mn": "decision; verdict", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "評論家", "rd": "ひょうろんか", "mn": "critic; reviewer; commentator", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "評議", "rd": "ひょうぎ", "mn": "conference; discussion", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "非", "g": 5, "o": 725, "f": 472, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "あら.ず", "m": "un-; mistake; negative; injustice; non-", "pm": "un-", "r": [{"c": "非", "nj": "あらず", "ne": "wrong"}], "hc": "jail cell; prison bars", "hk": "un-", "hs": "This key word, a negating prefix, is a doodle of a heavy iron pole with bars extending in both directions, to create the picture of a jail cell. From there to \" <b>un-</b> \" is but a short step.", "ks": "People in the jail cell are un- friendly, un- comely, and un- cooperative.", "v": [{"w": "非常", "rd": "ひじょう", "mn": "emergency", "fr": 1929}, {"w": "是非", "rd": "ぜひ", "mn": "certainly; without fail", "fr": 3831}, {"w": "非難", "rd": "ひなん", "mn": "criticism; blame; censure; attack; reproach", "fr": 6234}, {"w": "非", "rd": "ひ", "mn": "fault; error; mistake", "fr": 6402}, {"w": "非常識", "rd": "ひじょうしき", "mn": "lack of common sense; thoughtlessness; senselessness; irrationality; absurdity", "fr": 9230}, {"w": "是非とも", "rd": "ぜひとも", "mn": "by all means; at all costs; absolutely", "fr": 12345}, {"w": "非礼", "rd": "ひれい", "mn": "impoliteness", "fr": 20363}, {"w": "非公式", "rd": "ひこうしき", "mn": "informal; unofficial", "fr": 23599}, {"w": "非合法", "rd": "ひごうほう", "mn": "illegal; unlawful", "fr": 23887}, {"w": "非常に", "rd": "ひじょうに", "mn": "very; extremely; exceedingly", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "非行", "rd": "ひこう", "mn": "delinquency; misconduct", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "是非是非", "rd": "ぜひぜひ", "mn": "certainly; by all means", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "非公開", "rd": "ひこうかい", "mn": "private; non-public; secret; closed-door; closed", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "非常勤", "rd": "ひじょうきん", "mn": "part-time work", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "非常口", "rd": "ひじょうぐち", "mn": "emergency exit", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 216, "rp": 10, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "型", "g": 5, "o": 726, "f": 482, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "かた、-がた", "m": "mould; type; model", "pm": "mould", "r": [{"c": "刑", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "punish"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "punish; two hands; sword; sabre; saber; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "mould", "hs": "<i>Punish</i> . . . <i>soil</i>. In cases like this, you might find it easier to break the character up into its more basic elements, like this: <i>two hands</i> . . . <i>saber</i> . . . <i>soil</i>.", "ks": "As a PUNISHMENT they made me lay face down in the DIRT leaving a nice imprinted MOULD of my whole BODY.", "v": [{"w": "型", "rd": "かた", "mn": "type; style; model; pattern", "fr": 2035}, {"w": "大型", "rd": "おおがた", "mn": "large; large-sized; large-scale; big", "fr": 5202}, {"w": "髪型", "rd": "かみがた", "mn": "hair style; coiffure; hairdo", "fr": 6762}, {"w": "小型", "rd": "こがた", "mn": "small-sized; small-scale; miniature", "fr": 7638}, {"w": "体型", "rd": "たいけい", "mn": "figure; body shape; build; physique; form", "fr": 9557}, {"w": "典型的", "rd": "てんけいてき", "mn": "typical; representative; archetypal; quintessential; stereotypical; model", "fr": 10314}, {"w": "新型", "rd": "しんがた", "mn": "new type; new style; new model; new strain (e.g. infectious disease)", "fr": 13513}, {"w": "血液型", "rd": "けつえきがた", "mn": "blood type; blood group", "fr": 17809}, {"w": "原型", "rd": "げんけい", "mn": "model; prototype; archetype", "fr": 19450}, {"w": "模型", "rd": "もけい", "mn": "model; dummy; maquette", "fr": 19918}, {"w": "典型", "rd": "てんけい", "mn": "type; pattern; model; epitome; exemplar; archetype; perfect example", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "中型", "rd": "ちゅうがた", "mn": "medium size", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "型式", "rd": "かたしき", "mn": "model (e.g. of a vehicle); type", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新型コロナウイルス感染症", "rd": "しんがたコロナウイルスかんせんしょう", "mn": "COVID-19; coronavirus disease 2019", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紋切り型", "rd": "もんきりがた", "mn": "formulaic; stereotyped; hackneyed", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 123, "rp": 30, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "製", "g": 5, "o": 727, "f": 488, "j": null, "on": "セイ", "kun": "", "m": "made in...; manufacture", "pm": "made in...", "r": [{"c": "制", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "system"}, {"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}], "hc": "made in…; system; cow; belt; sword; sabre; saber; hat; scarf; cloth; clothes; clothing; garment", "hk": "made in...", "hs": "A label indicating that a <i>garment</i> was <b>made in</b> U.S.A. or Taiwan or Japan is itself a symbol for the <i>systematization</i> of the <i>garment</i> industry.", "ks": "<b>Made in</b> china - a system of exploitation . making garments for nothing.", "v": [{"w": "製", "rd": "せい", "mn": "make; manufacture; -made; made of ...; made in ...", "fr": 5237}, {"w": "特製", "rd": "とくせい", "mn": "special make; deluxe", "fr": 5835}, {"w": "複製", "rd": "ふくせい", "mn": "reproduction; duplication; reprinting", "fr": 7507}, {"w": "製造", "rd": "せいぞう", "mn": "manufacture; production", "fr": 9133}, {"w": "製作", "rd": "せいさく", "mn": "manufacture; production", "fr": 9845}, {"w": "製品", "rd": "せいひん", "mn": "manufactured goods; finished goods; product", "fr": 12916}, {"w": "木製", "rd": "もくせい", "mn": "wooden; made of wood", "fr": 13053}, {"w": "手製", "rd": "てせい", "mn": "handmade; homemade", "fr": 13531}, {"w": "鉄製", "rd": "てっせい", "mn": "made of iron", "fr": 23408}, {"w": "作製", "rd": "さくせい", "mn": "manufacture; production", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "製法", "rd": "せいほう", "mn": "manufacturing method; recipe; formula", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "製鉄", "rd": "せいてつ", "mn": "iron manufacture", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "乳製品", "rd": "にゅうせいひん", "mn": "dairy products", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新製品", "rd": "しんせいひん", "mn": "new product", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "既製", "rd": "きせい", "mn": "ready-made; off the shelf", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "財", "g": 5, "o": 728, "f": 494, "j": null, "on": "ザイ、サイ、ゾク", "kun": "たから", "m": "property; money; wealth; assets", "pm": "property", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "才", "nj": "サイ", "ne": "genius"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; genie", "hk": "property", "hs": "Clam . . . genie.", "ks": "If you're a <i>money genius</i> , you can afford a lot of <b>property</b>.", "v": [{"w": "財布", "rd": "さいふ", "mn": "wallet; purse; coin purse; billfold; pocketbook", "fr": 3247}, {"w": "財産", "rd": "ざいさん", "mn": "property; fortune; assets", "fr": 5808}, {"w": "財閥", "rd": "ざいばつ", "mn": "zaibatsu; financial conglomerate; industrial group", "fr": 21952}, {"w": "財", "rd": "ざい", "mn": "fortune; riches", "fr": 23480}, {"w": "財政", "rd": "ざいせい", "mn": "public finance", "fr": 24759}, {"w": "文化財", "rd": "ぶんかざい", "mn": "cultural assets; cultural property", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "財源", "rd": "ざいげん", "mn": "source of funds; resources; finances", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "家財", "rd": "かざい", "mn": "household belongings; household goods", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "消費財", "rd": "しょうひざい", "mn": "consumer goods", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "無形文化財", "rd": "むけいぶんかざい", "mn": "intangible cultural asset", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "管財", "rd": "かんざい", "mn": "administration of property; custodianship; receivership", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蓄財", "rd": "ちくざい", "mn": "amassing of wealth", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "財務", "rd": "ざいむ", "mn": "financial affairs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "財務官", "rd": "ざいむかん", "mn": "finance official", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "財団", "rd": "ざいだん", "mn": "foundation (institution); syndicate; group", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 53, "rp": 39, "l": 6, "n": "財布 食材"}}, {"k": "識", "g": 5, "o": 729, "f": 496, "j": null, "on": "シキ", "kun": "し.る、しる.す", "m": "discriminating; know; write", "pm": "discriminating", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "戠", "nj": "ショク", "ne": "sword"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; kazoo; sound; vase; stand up; sun; day; fiesta", "hk": "discriminating", "hs": "A person of <b>discriminating</b> intellect can tell the difference between mere <i>kazoo</i> -buzzing and <i>words</i> spoken wisely.", "ks": "<i>Words</i> are difficult to discriminate/discern from <i>sounds</i> in the middle of a <i>fiesta</i>.", "v": [{"w": "意識", "rd": "いしき", "mn": "consciousness", "fr": 896}, {"w": "知識", "rd": "ちしき", "mn": "knowledge; information", "fr": 2086}, {"w": "認識", "rd": "にんしき", "mn": "recognition; awareness; perception; understanding; knowledge; cognition; cogniza", "fr": 2544}, {"w": "常識", "rd": "じょうしき", "mn": "common sense; good sense; common knowledge; general knowledge; common practice; ", "fr": 2876}, {"w": "無意識", "rd": "むいしき", "mn": "unconsciousness", "fr": 3271}, {"w": "面識", "rd": "めんしき", "mn": "acquaintance", "fr": 8449}, {"w": "非常識", "rd": "ひじょうしき", "mn": "lack of common sense; thoughtlessness; senselessness; irrationality; absurdity", "fr": 9230}, {"w": "常識的", "rd": "じょうしきてき", "mn": "ordinary; sensible; commonplace", "fr": 11020}, {"w": "意識的", "rd": "いしきてき", "mn": "conscious; deliberate; intentional", "fr": 16022}, {"w": "識別", "rd": "しきべつ", "mn": "distinction; discrimination; discernment; identification", "fr": 19049}, {"w": "良識", "rd": "りょうしき", "mn": "good sense", "fr": 24120}, {"w": "標識", "rd": "ひょうしき", "mn": "sign; mark; marker; beacon", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "光学式文字認識", "rd": "こうがくしきもじにんしき", "mn": "optical character recognition; OCR", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "問題意識", "rd": "もんだいいしき", "mn": "awareness of the issues; (having a) critical mind; concerns", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "学識", "rd": "がくしき", "mn": "scholarship; scientific attainments", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 59, "rp": 53, "l": 10, "n": "常識 辞職"}}, {"k": "史", "g": 5, "o": 730, "f": 511, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "", "m": "history; chronicle", "pm": "history", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "乂", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "mow"}], "hc": "mouth; tucked under the arm", "hk": "history", "hs": "A mouth . . . tucked under the arm.", "ks": "I sleep in <b>history</b> class with my <i>mouth tucked under my arm</i>.", "v": [{"w": "歴史", "rd": "れきし", "mn": "history", "fr": 1937}, {"w": "歴史的", "rd": "れきしてき", "mn": "historical; traditional", "fr": 13111}, {"w": "史", "rd": "し", "mn": "history", "fr": 14034}, {"w": "史上", "rd": "しじょう", "mn": "in history; ever; historical", "fr": 14335}, {"w": "女史", "rd": "じょし", "mn": "lady (of high social status; e.g. scholar, artist, critic, politician)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "史学", "rd": "しがく", "mn": "study of history", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "史実", "rd": "しじつ", "mn": "historical fact", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "史家", "rd": "しか", "mn": "historian", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "史料", "rd": "しりょう", "mn": "historical materials; historical records; historical sources; archives", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "史跡", "rd": "しせき", "mn": "historic landmark; historic site; historic remains", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "日本史", "rd": "にほんし", "mn": "Japanese history; history of Japan", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 70, "rp": 9, "l": 1, "n": "歴史 使う 変更"}}, {"k": "程", "g": 5, "o": 731, "f": 514, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "ほど、-ほど", "m": "extent; degree; law; formula; distance; limits; amount", "pm": "extent", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "呈", "nj": "テイ", "ne": "display"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; display; mouth; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "extent", "hs": "<i>Wheat</i> . . . <i>display</i>. Do not confuse with <i>extremity</i> (Frame 230) or <i>boundary</i> (Frame 523).", "ks": "The <b>extent</b> to which some people will go to create ' <i>wheat displays</i> ', or as some call them 'crop circles', is truly amazing.", "v": [{"w": "程度", "rd": "ていど", "mn": "degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about; ap", "fr": 936}, {"w": "程", "rd": "ほど", "mn": "extent; degree; measure", "fr": 4154}, {"w": "過程", "rd": "かてい", "mn": "process; course; mechanism", "fr": 5039}, {"w": "先程", "rd": "さきほど", "mn": "a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago", "fr": 6937}, {"w": "日程", "rd": "にってい", "mn": "schedule; program; programme; agenda", "fr": 9553}, {"w": "射程", "rd": "しゃてい", "mn": "range (of a rifle, missile, etc.)", "fr": 12526}, {"w": "余程", "rd": "よほど", "mn": "very; greatly; much; to a large extent; quite", "fr": 15091}, {"w": "工程", "rd": "こうてい", "mn": "process; operation; stage of a process; progress of work", "fr": 15153}, {"w": "方程式", "rd": "ほうていしき", "mn": "equation; formula", "fr": 24814}, {"w": "其れ程", "rd": "それほど", "mn": "to that degree; to that extent; that much", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "課程", "rd": "かてい", "mn": "course; curriculum", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "あれ程", "rd": "あれほど", "mn": "to that extent", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "それ程", "rd": "それほど", "mn": "to that degree; to that extent; that much", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "修士課程", "rd": "しゅうしかてい", "mn": "master's course", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "程なく", "rd": "ほどなく", "mn": "soon; before long; shortly thereafter", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 118, "rp": 13, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "接", "g": 5, "o": 732, "f": 523, "j": null, "on": "セツ、ショウ", "kun": "つ.ぐ", "m": "touch; contact; adjoin; piece together", "pm": "touch", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "妾", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "concubine"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; concubine; vase; stand up; woman", "hk": "touch", "hs": "Fingers . . . vase . . . woman.", "ks": "CHIKAN!! These are the perverts who use their fingers to touch standing women on crowded trains.", "v": [{"w": "直接", "rd": "ちょくせつ", "mn": "direct; immediate; personal; firsthand", "fr": 907}, {"w": "接触", "rd": "せっしょく", "mn": "touch; contact; touching", "fr": 2671}, {"w": "接する", "rd": "せっする", "mn": "to touch; to come in contact with; to border on; to adjoin; to be adjacent; to b", "fr": 2928}, {"w": "接近", "rd": "せっきん", "mn": "getting closer; drawing nearer; approaching", "fr": 4273}, {"w": "面接", "rd": "めんせつ", "mn": "interview (e.g. for a job)", "fr": 7284}, {"w": "接続", "rd": "せつぞく", "mn": "connection; attachment; union; join; joint; link", "fr": 7736}, {"w": "接点", "rd": "せってん", "mn": "point of tangency; point of contact", "fr": 7808}, {"w": "直接的", "rd": "ちょくせつてき", "mn": "direct", "fr": 8957}, {"w": "接待", "rd": "せったい", "mn": "entertainment (of guests; esp. in the corporate world); treating (to food and dr", "fr": 12807}, {"w": "間接的", "rd": "かんせつてき", "mn": "indirect", "fr": 14769}, {"w": "隣接", "rd": "りんせつ", "mn": "adjacency; contiguity; being adjoined", "fr": 17432}, {"w": "密接", "rd": "みっせつ", "mn": "close (relationship, connection, etc.); intimate; near", "fr": 20064}, {"w": "間接", "rd": "かんせつ", "mn": "indirection; indirectness", "fr": 23890}, {"w": "応接", "rd": "おうせつ", "mn": "reception (e.g. of visitors); dealing with", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "予防接種", "rd": "よぼうせっしゅ", "mn": "vaccination; inoculation; immunization; immunisation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 67, "rp": 31, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "士", "g": 5, "o": 733, "f": 526, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "さむらい", "m": "gentleman; scholar; samurai; samurai radical (no. 33)", "pm": "gentleman", "r": [{"c": "士", "nj": "さむらい", "ne": "man"}], "hc": "samurai", "hk": "gentleman", "hs": "The shape of this kanji, slightly differing from that for <i>soil</i> by virtue of its shorter final stroke, hints at a broad-shouldered, slender-waisted warrior standing at attention. When feudalism collapsed, these warriors became Japan's <b>gentlemen</b>.", "ks": "A gentleman has broad shoulders and doesn't soil himself.", "v": [{"w": "同士", "rd": "どうし", "mn": "fellow; mutual; companion; comrade", "fr": 1211}, {"w": "戦士", "rd": "せんし", "mn": "soldier; combatant; warrior", "fr": 4965}, {"w": "兵士", "rd": "へいし", "mn": "soldier", "fr": 5229}, {"w": "騎士", "rd": "きし", "mn": "(medieval) knight", "fr": 5781}, {"w": "弁護士", "rd": "べんごし", "mn": "lawyer; attorney", "fr": 6131}, {"w": "博士", "rd": "はかせ", "mn": "expert; learned person", "fr": 7317}, {"w": "紳士", "rd": "しんし", "mn": "gentleman", "fr": 7430}, {"w": "武士", "rd": "ぶし", "mn": "samurai; warrior", "fr": 12099}, {"w": "剣士", "rd": "けんし", "mn": "swordsman; swordswoman; fencer", "fr": 12640}, {"w": "士気", "rd": "しき", "mn": "morale (of troops, team, etc.); esprit de corps", "fr": 12663}, {"w": "富士山", "rd": "ふじさん", "mn": "Mount Fuji; Mt. Fuji; Fujiyama; Fuji-san", "fr": 17946}, {"w": "修士", "rd": "しゅうし", "mn": "master's (degree)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "学士", "rd": "がくし", "mn": "university graduate; bachelor", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "代議士", "rd": "だいぎし", "mn": "parliamentarian; member of a congress", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "会計士", "rd": "かいけいし", "mn": "accountant", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 158, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "授", "g": 5, "o": 734, "f": 535, "j": null, "on": "ジュ", "kun": "さず.ける、さず.かる", "m": "impart; instruct; grant; confer", "pm": "impart", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "受", "nj": "ジュ", "ne": "accept"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; accept; birdhouse; birdcage; claw; vulture; crown; crotch", "hk": "impart", "hs": "Fingers . . . accept.", "ks": "\"Please <i>accept</i> this <i>finger</i> ,\" you say, <b>impart</b> ing it to your yakuza boss.", "v": [{"w": "授業", "rd": "じゅぎょう", "mn": "lesson; class; teaching; instruction; classwork; schoolwork", "fr": 1819}, {"w": "教授", "rd": "きょうじゅ", "mn": "professor", "fr": 4988}, {"w": "授業中", "rd": "じゅぎょうちゅう", "mn": "while in class", "fr": 6149}, {"w": "授ける", "rd": "さずける", "mn": "to grant; to give; to confer; to award", "fr": 7346}, {"w": "授かる", "rd": "さずかる", "mn": "to be awarded (e.g. a prize); to be given an award; to receive (e.g. a title)", "fr": 8411}, {"w": "授与", "rd": "じゅよ", "mn": "awarding; conferment; granting; presentation", "fr": 23867}, {"w": "授業料", "rd": "じゅぎょうりょう", "mn": "tuition fee; course fee", "fr": 24435}, {"w": "助教授", "rd": "じょきょうじゅ", "mn": "assistant professor; associate professor", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "授受", "rd": "じゅじゅ", "mn": "giving and receiving; transferring; transfer; changing hands", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "授業参観", "rd": "じゅぎょうさんかん", "mn": "parents' day (day when parents observe their children in school)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "授賞", "rd": "じゅしょう", "mn": "awarding a prize; giving an award", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "授賞式", "rd": "じゅしょうしき", "mn": "award ceremony; prize-giving", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 77, "rp": 36, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "効", "g": 5, "o": 735, "f": 538, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "き.く、ききめ、なら.う", "m": "merit; efficacy; efficiency; benefit", "pm": "merit", "r": [{"c": "交", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "mingle"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "mingle; top hat; father; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "merit", "hs": "<i>Mingle</i> . . . <i>power</i>. Note the distinct connotations that separate <b>merit</b> from <i>achievement</i> (Frame 927).", "ks": "There is great merit in mingling with the power ful.", "v": [{"w": "効く", "rd": "きく", "mn": "to be effective; to take effect; to be good (for)", "fr": 1488}, {"w": "効果", "rd": "こうか", "mn": "effect; effectiveness; efficacy; result", "fr": 1653}, {"w": "有効", "rd": "ゆうこう", "mn": "valid; effective", "fr": 4310}, {"w": "効率", "rd": "こうりつ", "mn": "efficiency", "fr": 4848}, {"w": "効果的", "rd": "こうかてき", "mn": "effective; successful", "fr": 7038}, {"w": "逆効果", "rd": "ぎゃくこうか", "mn": "opposite effect; adverse effect; backfiring", "fr": 8458}, {"w": "効率的", "rd": "こうりつてき", "mn": "efficient", "fr": 9625}, {"w": "無効", "rd": "むこう", "mn": "invalid; void; ineffective; unavailable", "fr": 11227}, {"w": "効力", "rd": "こうりょく", "mn": "effect; efficacy; validity; potency", "fr": 12919}, {"w": "効き目", "rd": "ききめ", "mn": "effect; virtue; efficacy; impression", "fr": 15788}, {"w": "効能", "rd": "こうのう", "mn": "effect; effectiveness; efficacy; virtue; benefit", "fr": 20591}, {"w": "効用", "rd": "こうよう", "mn": "use; utility; effect; benefit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "即効", "rd": "そっこう", "mn": "immediate effect; instant effect", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "実効", "rd": "じっこう", "mn": "practical effect; efficacy; efficiency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "時効", "rd": "じこう", "mn": "statute of limitations; lapse of rights after a period of time; prescription (in", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 56, "rp": 4, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "旧", "g": 5, "o": 736, "f": 549, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "ふる.い、もと", "m": "old times; old things; old friend; former; ex-", "pm": "old times", "r": [{"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "stick; sun; day", "hk": "olden times", "hs": "A <i>walking stick</i> is needed for <i>days</i> of <b>olden times</b> , since <i>days</i> , too, get old - at least insofar as we refer to them as the \"good old days.\" The main thing here is to think of \"good old days\" when you hear the key word <b>olden times</b>. The rest will take care of itself.", "ks": "Age 18 = <b>olden times</b>.", "v": [{"w": "旧", "rd": "きゅう", "mn": "old; former; ex-", "fr": 6528}, {"w": "復旧", "rd": "ふっきゅう", "mn": "restoration; restitution; rehabilitation", "fr": 13479}, {"w": "新旧", "rd": "しんきゅう", "mn": "new and old; incoming and outgoing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旧制", "rd": "きゅうせい", "mn": "old system; old order", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旧姓", "rd": "きゅうせい", "mn": "one's original family name; maiden name", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旧式", "rd": "きゅうしき", "mn": "old type; old style", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旧態", "rd": "きゅうたい", "mn": "old state of affairs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旧暦", "rd": "きゅうれき", "mn": "Japan's old (lunisolar) calendar", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旧来", "rd": "きゅうらい", "mn": "traditional; from ancient times; formerly", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旧正月", "rd": "きゅうしょうがつ", "mn": "lunar New Year (esp. the Chinese New Year)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旧派", "rd": "きゅうは", "mn": "old school; old style", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旧約", "rd": "きゅうやく", "mn": "old promise; old agreement; old covenant", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 5, "rp": 20, "l": 4, "n": "復旧 担当 児童"}}, {"k": "師", "g": 5, "o": 737, "f": 563, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "いくさ", "m": "expert; teacher; master; model; exemplar; army (incl. counter); war", "pm": "expert", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}, {"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}], "hc": "maestro; noren; one; ceiling; towel", "hk": "expert", "hs": "Maestro . . . ceiling . . . towel.", "ks": "Maestro is such as expert , he can conduct even with a towel hanging from the ceiling in front of him.", "v": [{"w": "教師", "rd": "きょうし", "mn": "teacher; instructor", "fr": 2708}, {"w": "師匠", "rd": "ししょう", "mn": "master; teacher", "fr": 4155}, {"w": "医師", "rd": "いし", "mn": "doctor; physician", "fr": 5798}, {"w": "看護師", "rd": "かんごし", "mn": "(hospital) nurse; registered nurse; RN", "fr": 7786}, {"w": "講師", "rd": "こうし", "mn": "speaker; lecturer", "fr": 12112}, {"w": "詐欺師", "rd": "さぎし", "mn": "swindler; fraudster; trickster; con man", "fr": 12376}, {"w": "家庭教師", "rd": "かていきょうし", "mn": "(home) tutor; private tutor; private teacher", "fr": 13408}, {"w": "漁師", "rd": "りょうし", "mn": "fisherman", "fr": 14266}, {"w": "占い師", "rd": "うらないし", "mn": "diviner; fortune teller; soothsayer", "fr": 16312}, {"w": "恩師", "rd": "おんし", "mn": "teacher (to whom one owes a debt of gratitude); mentor; one's former teacher", "fr": 22131}, {"w": "技師", "rd": "ぎし", "mn": "engineer; technician", "fr": 23821}, {"w": "牧師", "rd": "ぼくし", "mn": "pastor; minister; clergyman; reverend", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "医師会", "rd": "いしかい", "mn": "medical association", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大師", "rd": "だいし", "mn": "great teacher (i.e. a buddha, bodhisattva or high monk, esp. Kobo Daishi)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宣教師", "rd": "せんきょうし", "mn": "missionary", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 51, "rp": 56, "l": 10, "n": ""}}, {"k": "易", "g": 5, "o": 738, "f": 571, "j": null, "on": "エキ、イ", "kun": "やさ.しい、やす.い", "m": "easy; ready to; simple; fortune-telling; divination", "pm": "easy", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "勿", "nj": "モチ", "ne": "not"}], "hc": "sun; day; knot; piglet’s tail", "hk": "easy", "hs": "Sun . . . knot.", "ks": "The <i>sun</i> is <i>not</i> an <b>easy</b> place to get to.", "v": [{"w": "容易", "rd": "ようい", "mn": "easy; simple; plain", "fr": 4366}, {"w": "安易", "rd": "あんい", "mn": "easy; simple", "fr": 8089}, {"w": "容易い", "rd": "たやすい", "mn": "easy; simple; light", "fr": 9846}, {"w": "簡易", "rd": "かんい", "mn": "simple; simplified", "fr": 14063}, {"w": "易い", "rd": "やすい", "mn": "easy", "fr": 14853}, {"w": "貿易", "rd": "ぼうえき", "mn": "(foreign) trade; (international) commerce; importing and exporting", "fr": 21375}, {"w": "交易", "rd": "こうえき", "mn": "trade; commerce", "fr": 24272}, {"w": "易しい", "rd": "やさしい", "mn": "easy; plain; simple", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "簡易保険", "rd": "かんいほけん", "mn": "postal life insurance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "難易", "rd": "なんい", "mn": "(relative) difficulty", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 76, "rp": 32, "l": 5, "n": "場所 太陽"}}, {"k": "殺", "g": 5, "o": 739, "f": 581, "j": null, "on": "サツ、サイ、セツ", "kun": "ころ.す、-ごろ.し、そ.ぐ、あや.める", "m": "kill; murder; butcher; slice off; split; diminish; reduce; spoil", "pm": "kill", "r": [{"c": "乂", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "mow"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "sheaf; tree; wood; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "kill", "hs": "Sheaf . . . tree . . . missile.", "ks": "Wolverine (sheaf, see [reap](../v4/1488.html) (#1488 刈)) leaps over a tree and with one swipe of his claws <b>kill</b> s a bad guy aiming a missle launcher.", "v": [{"w": "殺す", "rd": "ころす", "mn": "to kill; to slay; to murder; to slaughter", "fr": 396}, {"w": "殺し", "rd": "ころし", "mn": "murder; killing; murderer", "fr": 2998}, {"w": "自殺", "rd": "じさつ", "mn": "suicide", "fr": 3226}, {"w": "殺人", "rd": "さつじん", "mn": "murder; homicide; manslaughter", "fr": 4108}, {"w": "人殺し", "rd": "ひとごろし", "mn": "murder; murderer", "fr": 4971}, {"w": "殺害", "rd": "さつがい", "mn": "killing; murder", "fr": 5096}, {"w": "殺意", "rd": "さつい", "mn": "intent to kill; intent to murder; urge to kill; murderous impulse", "fr": 6633}, {"w": "殺気", "rd": "さっき", "mn": "thirst for blood; bloodlust; determination to kill", "fr": 7479}, {"w": "暗殺", "rd": "あんさつ", "mn": "assassination", "fr": 8135}, {"w": "殺人事件", "rd": "さつじんじけん", "mn": "murder case", "fr": 8480}, {"w": "殺到", "rd": "さっとう", "mn": "rush; flood; deluge", "fr": 9618}, {"w": "抹殺", "rd": "まっさつ", "mn": "erasure; obliteration", "fr": 10488}, {"w": "射殺", "rd": "しゃさつ", "mn": "shooting to death", "fr": 14715}, {"w": "虐殺", "rd": "ぎゃくさつ", "mn": "slaughter; massacre", "fr": 16775}, {"w": "相殺", "rd": "そうさい", "mn": "offset; offsetting each other; cancelling each other out; counterbalancing", "fr": 16803}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 162, "rp": 15, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "破", "g": 5, "o": 740, "f": 590, "j": null, "on": "ハ", "kun": "やぶ.る、やぶ.れる、わ.れる", "m": "rend; rip; tear; break; destroy; defeat; frustrate", "pm": "rend", "r": [{"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}, {"c": "皮", "nj": "けがわ", "ne": "skin"}], "hc": "stone; rock; pelt; branch; ten; needle; crotch; hook", "hk": "rend", "hs": "Rock . . . pelt.", "ks": "Me Ugg. Me have rock. Me rend pelt with rock.", "v": [{"w": "破る", "rd": "やぶる", "mn": "to tear; to rip; to break; to destroy", "fr": 1886}, {"w": "破壊", "rd": "はかい", "mn": "destruction; disruption", "fr": 2166}, {"w": "突破", "rd": "とっぱ", "mn": "breaking through; breakthrough; penetration", "fr": 3565}, {"w": "破れる", "rd": "やぶれる", "mn": "to get torn; to tear; to rip; to break; to wear out", "fr": 4331}, {"w": "破滅", "rd": "はめつ", "mn": "ruin; destruction; fall", "fr": 5456}, {"w": "破裂", "rd": "はれつ", "mn": "bursting; rupture; explosion", "fr": 6746}, {"w": "破片", "rd": "はへん", "mn": "fragment; broken piece; splinter; chip; shard", "fr": 7146}, {"w": "見破る", "rd": "みやぶる", "mn": "to see through (a plot, lie, etc.); to penetrate into; to discover; to find out", "fr": 7593}, {"w": "爆破", "rd": "ばくは", "mn": "destructive blast; blowing up; explosion", "fr": 8833}, {"w": "破綻", "rd": "はたん", "mn": "failure; collapse; breakdown; break-up; bankruptcy", "fr": 9801}, {"w": "破棄", "rd": "はき", "mn": "tearing up and discarding (e.g. documents); destruction", "fr": 9894}, {"w": "破損", "rd": "はそん", "mn": "damage; breakage", "fr": 12399}, {"w": "打破", "rd": "だは", "mn": "breaking down; defeating; abolishing", "fr": 15738}, {"w": "破格", "rd": "はかく", "mn": "extraordinary; exceptional; unprecedented; special; abnormal; irregular", "fr": 19758}, {"w": "破産", "rd": "はさん", "mn": "bankruptcy; insolvency", "fr": 21588}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 89, "rp": 34, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "編", "g": 5, "o": 741, "f": 591, "j": null, "on": "ヘン", "kun": "あ.む、-あ.み", "m": "compilation; knit; plait; braid; twist; editing; completed poem; part of a book", "pm": "compilation", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "扁", "nj": "ヘン", "ne": "level"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; fishfinger; door; one; ceiling; flag; scrapbook; glass canopy; hood; flowers", "hk": "compilation", "hs": "Thread . . . door . . . scrapbook.", "ks": "I took the <b>compilation</b> of covers of all my <i>Spider-Man</i> comics that I had saved in a <i>scrapbook</i> and glued them on my door.", "v": [{"w": "編集", "rd": "へんしゅう", "mn": "editing; compilation", "fr": 4624}, {"w": "編", "rd": "へん", "mn": "compilation (of a text); editing", "fr": 7051}, {"w": "編む", "rd": "あむ", "mn": "to knit; to plait; to braid", "fr": 11573}, {"w": "編成", "rd": "へんせい", "mn": "composition; formation; organization; organisation; compilation", "fr": 11740}, {"w": "編集者", "rd": "へんしゅうしゃ", "mn": "editor (in publishing, etc.)", "fr": 14782}, {"w": "編入", "rd": "へんにゅう", "mn": "admission; incorporation; enlistment; enrollment", "fr": 17476}, {"w": "短編", "rd": "たんぺん", "mn": "short story; short film; short poem", "fr": 23146}, {"w": "編物", "rd": "あみもの", "mn": "knitting; knitted material; crochet", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "長編", "rd": "ちょうへん", "mn": "long work; (full-length) novel; feature-length film; long poem", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "予告編", "rd": "よこくへん", "mn": "trailer (for a film, TV show, etc.); preview", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "再編", "rd": "さいへん", "mn": "reorganization; reorganisation; reshuffle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "改編", "rd": "かいへん", "mn": "reorganization; reorganisation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "続編", "rd": "ぞくへん", "mn": "sequel; continuation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "編み物", "rd": "あみもの", "mn": "knitting; knitted material; crochet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "編者", "rd": "へんしゃ", "mn": "editor; compiler", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 1, "rp": 9, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "責", "g": 5, "o": 742, "f": 598, "j": null, "on": "セキ", "kun": "せ.める", "m": "blame; condemn; censure", "pm": "blame", "r": [{"c": "龶", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "grow up; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "blame", "hs": "Grow up . . . oyster.", "ks": "As one <i>grows up</i> , one typically starts to <b>blame</b> all of their problems on <i>money</i>.", "v": [{"w": "責任", "rd": "せきにん", "mn": "duty; responsibility (incl. supervision of staff)", "fr": 897}, {"w": "責める", "rd": "せめる", "mn": "to condemn; to blame; to criticize; to criticise; to reproach; to accuse", "fr": 1672}, {"w": "無責任", "rd": "むせきにん", "mn": "irresponsibility", "fr": 5168}, {"w": "責任者", "rd": "せきにんしゃ", "mn": "person in charge (including a supervisory role for other staff); person responsi", "fr": 6533}, {"w": "責任感", "rd": "せきにんかん", "mn": "sense of responsibility", "fr": 10211}, {"w": "責務", "rd": "せきむ", "mn": "duty; obligation", "fr": 12220}, {"w": "責任を持つ", "rd": "せきにんをもつ", "mn": "to be responsible for; to bear the responsibility of", "fr": 17864}, {"w": "免責", "rd": "めんせき", "mn": "exemption from responsibility", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "刑事責任", "rd": "けいじせきにん", "mn": "criminal liability", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "問責", "rd": "もんせき", "mn": "blame; censure; reproof; reprimand; rebuke", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "引責", "rd": "いんせき", "mn": "taking responsibility", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自責", "rd": "じせき", "mn": "self-condemnation; self-reproach; self-accusation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "道義的責任", "rd": "どうぎてきせきにん", "mn": "moral obligation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "重責", "rd": "じゅうせき", "mn": "heavy responsibility", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 49, "rp": 50, "l": 9, "n": "責める 青い"}}, {"k": "修", "g": 5, "o": 743, "f": 603, "j": null, "on": "シュウ、シュ", "kun": "おさ.める、おさ.まる", "m": "discipline; conduct oneself well; study; master", "pm": "discipline", "r": [{"c": "攸", "nj": "ユウ", "ne": "relaxed"}, {"c": "彡", "nj": "さんづくり", "ne": "hair-style"}], "hc": "person; stick; fred astaire; taskmaster; shape", "hk": "discipline", "hs": "Person . . . walking stick . . . taskmaster . . . shape.", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> is a harsh <i>taskmaster</i> who will <b>discipline</b> you (beat you into <i>shape</i> ) with his <i>walking stick</i>.", "v": [{"w": "修行", "rd": "しゅぎょう", "mn": "training; practice; discipline; study", "fr": 4502}, {"w": "修理", "rd": "しゅうり", "mn": "repair; mending; fixing; servicing", "fr": 4649}, {"w": "修正", "rd": "しゅうせい", "mn": "amendment; correction; revision; modification; alteration; retouching; update; f", "fr": 5186}, {"w": "修復", "rd": "しゅうふく", "mn": "restoration; repair; mending", "fr": 6073}, {"w": "修業", "rd": "しゅうぎょう", "mn": "pursuit of knowledge; studying; learning; training; completing a course", "fr": 9211}, {"w": "修学旅行", "rd": "しゅうがくりょこう", "mn": "excursion; field trip; school trip", "fr": 10323}, {"w": "研修", "rd": "けんしゅう", "mn": "training (esp. in-service); induction course", "fr": 10900}, {"w": "修練", "rd": "しゅうれん", "mn": "training; drill; practice; practising; discipline", "fr": 17888}, {"w": "修繕", "rd": "しゅうぜん", "mn": "repair; mending", "fr": 18286}, {"w": "補修", "rd": "ほしゅう", "mn": "repair; mending", "fr": 19155}, {"w": "修了", "rd": "しゅうりょう", "mn": "completion (of a course)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "修士", "rd": "しゅうし", "mn": "master's (degree)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "専修", "rd": "せんしゅう", "mn": "specialization; specialisation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "必修", "rd": "ひっしゅう", "mn": "required (subject)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "改修", "rd": "かいしゅう", "mn": "repair; improvement", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 14, "rp": 17, "l": 2, "n": "修理 参加"}}, {"k": "採", "g": 5, "o": 744, "f": 607, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "と.る", "m": "pick; take; fetch; take up", "pm": "pick", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "采", "nj": "サイ", "ne": "dice"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; grab; claw; vulture; tree; wood", "hk": "pick", "hs": "Unlike <i>pick up</i> (Frame 720), this character is used for <b>picking</b> fruits from trees. Its elements: <i>finger</i> . . . <i>grab</i>.", "ks": "You <b>pick</b> cheries with your <i>fingers</i> , then along comes a giant <i>vulture</i> and <b>pick</b> s up the whole <i>tree</i> with its <i>claws</i>.", "v": [{"w": "採用", "rd": "さいよう", "mn": "use; adoption; acceptance", "fr": 4446}, {"w": "採る", "rd": "とる", "mn": "to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.); to take (a measure, course of action, etc.)", "fr": 9333}, {"w": "採取", "rd": "さいしゅ", "mn": "picking; collecting; harvesting; gathering", "fr": 9917}, {"w": "採点", "rd": "さいてん", "mn": "marking; grading; scoring", "fr": 16295}, {"w": "採掘", "rd": "さいくつ", "mn": "mining; digging; working (a mine)", "fr": 23427}, {"w": "採択", "rd": "さいたく", "mn": "adoption; selection; choice", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "採決", "rd": "さいけつ", "mn": "vote; ballot; division", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "採算", "rd": "さいさん", "mn": "profit", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "採集", "rd": "さいしゅう", "mn": "collecting; gathering", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "伐採", "rd": "ばっさい", "mn": "felling timber; cutting down trees; logging; lumbering", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "強行採決", "rd": "きょうこうさいけつ", "mn": "forced passage (of a bill, measure, resolution, etc.); railroading; steamrolling", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "採炭", "rd": "さいたん", "mn": "coal mining; coal extraction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "採録", "rd": "さいろく", "mn": "recording; transcription", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 10, "rp": 15, "l": 2, "n": "採る 授ける"}}, {"k": "織", "g": 5, "o": 745, "f": 608, "j": null, "on": "ショク、シキ", "kun": "お.る、お.り、おり、-おり、-お.り", "m": "weave; fabric", "pm": "weave", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "戠", "nj": "ショク", "ne": "sword"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; kazoo; sound; vase; stand up; sun; day; fiesta", "hk": "weave", "hs": "Thread . . . kazoo.", "ks": "Play the kazoo magically and the thread will weave itself.", "v": [{"w": "組織", "rd": "そしき", "mn": "organization; organisation; formation", "fr": 2370}, {"w": "織る", "rd": "おる", "mn": "to weave", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "織物", "rd": "おりもの", "mn": "textile; fabric", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "紡織", "rd": "ぼうしょく", "mn": "spinning and weaving", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "組織的", "rd": "そしきてき", "mn": "systematic; organized; organizational", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "絹織物", "rd": "きぬおりもの", "mn": "silk goods", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "織り", "rd": "おり", "mn": "weave; weaving; woven item", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "織機", "rd": "しょっき", "mn": "loom; weaving machine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "羽織", "rd": "はおり", "mn": "haori (Japanese formal coat)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "故", "g": 5, "o": 746, "f": 612, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "ゆえ、ふる.い、もと", "m": "happenstance; especially; intentionally; reason; cause; circumstances; the late; therefore; consequently", "pm": "happenstance", "r": [{"c": "古", "nj": "コ", "ne": "old"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth; taskmaster", "hk": "happenstance", "hs": "Call it fate or providence or plain old Lady Luck, <b>happenstance</b> is the <i>oldest taskmaster</i> we know. It nearly always has its way.", "ks": "An <i>OLD TASKMASTER</i> is no <b>happenstance</b> (coincidence). The older you get the more rigid in your ways.", "v": [{"w": "事故", "rd": "じこ", "mn": "accident; incident; trouble", "fr": 1414}, {"w": "故郷", "rd": "こきょう", "mn": "hometown; birthplace; native place; one's old home", "fr": 3757}, {"w": "何故", "rd": "なぜ", "mn": "why; how; for what reason", "fr": 4086}, {"w": "故に", "rd": "ゆえに", "mn": "therefore; consequently", "fr": 6375}, {"w": "何故か", "rd": "なぜか", "mn": "somehow; for some reason; without knowing why", "fr": 6930}, {"w": "故障", "rd": "こしょう", "mn": "fault; trouble; breakdown; failure; being out of order", "fr": 7329}, {"w": "交通事故", "rd": "こうつうじこ", "mn": "traffic accident", "fr": 9859}, {"w": "何故なら", "rd": "なぜなら", "mn": "because; the reason is; if you want to know why", "fr": 17139}, {"w": "故意", "rd": "こい", "mn": "intent; intention; bad faith", "fr": 17863}, {"w": "故人", "rd": "こじん", "mn": "the deceased; the departed", "fr": 22733}, {"w": "何故ならば", "rd": "なぜならば", "mn": "because; for; the reason why is ...", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "故事", "rd": "こじ", "mn": "historical event; ancient event", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "故国", "rd": "ここく", "mn": "one's native land", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 7, "rp": 12, "l": 3, "n": "事故 改革"}}, {"k": "弁", "g": 5, "o": 747, "f": 619, "j": null, "on": "ベン、ヘン", "kun": "かんむり、わきま.える、わ.ける、はなびら、あらそ.う", "m": "valve; petal; braid; speech; dialect; discrimination; dispose of; distinguish; conical cap", "pm": "valve", "r": [{"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}, {"c": "廾", "nj": "にじゅうあし", "ne": "folded hands"}], "hc": "elbow; two hands", "hk": "valve", "hs": "Elbow . . . two hands.", "ks": "Opening a stuck <b>valve</b> requires 2 hands and a lot of elbow grease.", "v": [{"w": "勘弁", "rd": "かんべん", "mn": "pardon; forgiveness; forbearance", "fr": 1678}, {"w": "お弁当", "rd": "おべんとう", "mn": "bento", "fr": 3065}, {"w": "弁当", "rd": "べんとう", "mn": "bento", "fr": 3689}, {"w": "弁護士", "rd": "べんごし", "mn": "lawyer; attorney", "fr": 6131}, {"w": "弁解", "rd": "べんかい", "mn": "explanation (e.g. for one's actions); excuse; justification; defense; defence", "fr": 10576}, {"w": "弁償", "rd": "べんしょう", "mn": "compensation; indemnification; reparation; restitution; recompense", "fr": 12308}, {"w": "弁", "rd": "べん", "mn": "speech; tongue; talk; eloquence", "fr": 12395}, {"w": "弁明", "rd": "べんめい", "mn": "explanation; excuse; clarification; vindication; apology", "fr": 13492}, {"w": "代弁", "rd": "だいべん", "mn": "speaking by proxy; speaking for (someone else); acting as spokesman (for); repre", "fr": 15327}, {"w": "花弁", "rd": "はなびら", "mn": "petal", "fr": 17533}, {"w": "弁護", "rd": "べんご", "mn": "defense; defence; pleading; advocacy", "fr": 17778}, {"w": "雄弁", "rd": "ゆうべん", "mn": "eloquence; fluency (of speech)", "fr": 18243}, {"w": "弁える", "rd": "わきまえる", "mn": "to discern (e.g. right from wrong); to discriminate; to distinguish", "fr": 19087}, {"w": "熱弁", "rd": "ねつべん", "mn": "impassioned speech; fervent speech", "fr": 22207}, {"w": "弁論", "rd": "べんろん", "mn": "discussion; debate; argument", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "歴", "g": 5, "o": 748, "f": 632, "j": null, "on": "レキ、レッキ", "kun": "", "m": "curriculum; continuation; passage of time", "pm": "curriculum", "r": [{"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "林", "nj": "リン", "ne": "grove"}, {"c": "止", "nj": "とめる", "ne": "to stop"}], "hc": "cliff; grove; tree; wood; stop; footprint", "hk": "curriculum", "hs": "That same <i>grove of trees</i> we met in frame 226 shows up here in the character for <b>curriculum</b> (in the sense of a record of one's life or academic achievements, the <b>curriculum</b> vitae). Instead of the <i>grove</i> making its way slowly through the surface of the <i>cliff</i> as before, here we see it <i>stopped</i> , much the same as a <b>curriculum</b> vitae calls a halt to the calendar and talks only about the past.", "ks": "A <b>CURRICULUM</b> is a <i>calendar</i> that replaces days with reasons to <i>stop</i> having fun.", "v": [{"w": "歴史", "rd": "れきし", "mn": "history", "fr": 1937}, {"w": "経歴", "rd": "けいれき", "mn": "personal history; background; career", "fr": 8771}, {"w": "歴代", "rd": "れきだい", "mn": "successive generations; successive emperors", "fr": 11659}, {"w": "歴", "rd": "れき", "mn": "experience; history; record; career", "fr": 11923}, {"w": "履歴", "rd": "りれき", "mn": "personal history; background; career", "fr": 12516}, {"w": "歴史的", "rd": "れきしてき", "mn": "historical; traditional", "fr": 13111}, {"w": "履歴書", "rd": "りれきしょ", "mn": "personal history document; curriculum vitae; resume", "fr": 20076}, {"w": "学歴", "rd": "がくれき", "mn": "academic background; academic credentials; academic record", "fr": 20178}, {"w": "歴然", "rd": "れきぜん", "mn": "evident; plain; distinct; clear", "fr": 22327}, {"w": "前歴", "rd": "ぜんれき", "mn": "personal history", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歴任", "rd": "れきにん", "mn": "successive jobs; consecutive jobs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歴訪", "rd": "れきほう", "mn": "round of calls; tour of visitation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "略歴", "rd": "りゃくれき", "mn": "brief personal record; short curriculum vitae; short CV", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "職歴", "rd": "しょくれき", "mn": "work experience; work history", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遍歴", "rd": "へんれき", "mn": "travels; pilgrimage; itinerancy", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 16, "rp": 22, "l": 2, "n": "歴史 禁止"}}, {"k": "因", "g": 5, "o": 749, "f": 636, "j": null, "on": "イン", "kun": "よ.る、ちな.む", "m": "cause; factor; be associated with; depend on; be limited to", "pm": "cause", "r": [{"c": "囗", "nj": "くにがまえ", "ne": "border"}, {"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}], "hc": "pent in; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "cause", "hs": "St. Bernard dog . . . pent in.", "ks": "We once had a <i>dog</i> with big paws // and oh what great trouble he'd <b>cause</b> // we built a huge pen // to keep him <i>pent in</i> // and stop him from breaking more laws //.", "v": [{"w": "原因", "rd": "げんいん", "mn": "cause; origin; source", "fr": 997}, {"w": "因みに", "rd": "ちなみに", "mn": "by the way; in this connection; incidentally; in passing", "fr": 1365}, {"w": "因縁", "rd": "いんねん", "mn": "fate; destiny", "fr": 6887}, {"w": "要因", "rd": "よういん", "mn": "main cause; primary factor", "fr": 8314}, {"w": "死因", "rd": "しいん", "mn": "cause of death", "fr": 9315}, {"w": "因果", "rd": "いんが", "mn": "cause and effect; causality", "fr": 10530}, {"w": "敗因", "rd": "はいいん", "mn": "cause of defeat", "fr": 21192}, {"w": "起因", "rd": "きいん", "mn": "to be caused by; to result from; to arise from; to stem from; to be due to", "fr": 21317}, {"w": "因子", "rd": "いんし", "mn": "factor", "fr": 24318}, {"w": "一因", "rd": "いちいん", "mn": "one cause; one reason; one factor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "主因", "rd": "しゅいん", "mn": "primary cause; main factor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "勝因", "rd": "しょういん", "mn": "cause of victory; reason for (one's) success", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "因", "rd": "いん", "mn": "cause; factor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "本因坊", "rd": "ほんいんぼう", "mn": "Hon'inbō; Honinbo; grandmaster", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "誘因", "rd": "ゆういん", "mn": "contributing cause; exciting cause; incentive; motive", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 26, "rp": 29, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "貿", "g": 5, "o": 750, "f": 652, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "", "m": "trade; exchange", "pm": "trade", "r": [{"c": "卯", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "sign of the hare or rabbit"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "receipt; sword; dagger; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "trade", "hs": "<i>Receipt</i> . . . <i>dagger</i> . . . <i>shells</i>. Though the meanings are related, do not confuse with <i>make a deal</i> (Frame 471) or <i>wholesale</i> (Frame 1499).", "ks": "There's a buyback program where you can <b>trade</b> in your <i>dagger</i> for <i>money</i>. But it's quite ineffective, since only registered dagger-owners with the <i>original receipts</i> can participate, and not criminals with illegally-purchased daggers.", "v": [{"w": "貿易", "rd": "ぼうえき", "mn": "(foreign) trade; (international) commerce; importing and exporting", "fr": 21375}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "講", "g": 5, "o": 751, "f": 653, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "", "m": "lecture; club; association", "pm": "lecture", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "冓", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "put together"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; funnel; cone; celery; again", "hk": "lecture", "hs": "Words . . . funnel.", "ks": "FUNNEL primitive: \" Celery–again?!\" \"You'll eat your celery or else I'll make you eat it with a FUNNEL!\".", "v": [{"w": "講義", "rd": "こうぎ", "mn": "lecture", "fr": 8035}, {"w": "講師", "rd": "こうし", "mn": "speaker; lecturer", "fr": 12112}, {"w": "講習", "rd": "こうしゅう", "mn": "short course; training", "fr": 18019}, {"w": "講座", "rd": "こうざ", "mn": "course (e.g. of lectures)", "fr": 18634}, {"w": "講堂", "rd": "こうどう", "mn": "auditorium; lecture hall", "fr": 24049}, {"w": "休講", "rd": "きゅうこう", "mn": "cancellation (of a lecture, class, etc.)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "聴講", "rd": "ちょうこう", "mn": "lecture attendance; auditing", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "講演", "rd": "こうえん", "mn": "lecture; address; speech", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "受講", "rd": "じゅこう", "mn": "taking a lecture; attending a class; taking a course", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "受講料", "rd": "じゅこうりょう", "mn": "course fee; tuition fee", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "講ずる", "rd": "こうずる", "mn": "to lecture; to read aloud; to give a lecture (on)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "講和", "rd": "こうわ", "mn": "reconciliation (between warring nations); (making of) peace", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "講演会", "rd": "こうえんかい", "mn": "lecture (esp. special engagement by noted speaker); lecture meeting (event with ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "講談", "rd": "こうだん", "mn": "storytelling (of war chronicles, revenge tales, etc.) with highly dramatic deliv", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 13, "rp": 64, "l": 14, "n": "講義 論文 会議 結論 構え"}}, {"k": "素", "g": 5, "o": 752, "f": 660, "j": null, "on": "ソ、ス", "kun": "もと", "m": "elementary; principle; naked; uncovered", "pm": "elementary", "r": [{"c": "龶", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}], "hc": "grow up; thread; spiderman", "hk": "elementary", "hs": "Grow up . . . thread.", "ks": "Elementary my dear Watson! Peter parker grew up to become Spiderman!", "v": [{"w": "素直", "rd": "すなお", "mn": "obedient; meek; docile; unaffected", "fr": 974}, {"w": "素敵", "rd": "すてき", "mn": "lovely; wonderful; charming; enchanting; nice; great; splendid; marvellous (marv", "fr": 2215}, {"w": "素晴らしい", "rd": "すばらしい", "mn": "wonderful; splendid; magnificent", "fr": 2268}, {"w": "素人", "rd": "しろうと", "mn": "amateur; layman; ordinary person; novice", "fr": 2687}, {"w": "要素", "rd": "ようそ", "mn": "component; factor; item (e.g. in list)", "fr": 3529}, {"w": "素早い", "rd": "すばやい", "mn": "quick; swift; nimble; agile", "fr": 3775}, {"w": "素材", "rd": "そざい", "mn": "ingredient; (raw) material; resource", "fr": 3937}, {"w": "素", "rd": "す", "mn": "one's nature; one's feelings; oneself", "fr": 5653}, {"w": "素質", "rd": "そしつ", "mn": "makings (of); aptitude; talent; qualities", "fr": 7683}, {"w": "酸素", "rd": "さんそ", "mn": "oxygen (O)", "fr": 7714}, {"w": "素顔", "rd": "すがお", "mn": "face with no make-up; unpainted face", "fr": 10070}, {"w": "素朴", "rd": "そぼく", "mn": "simple; artless; naive; unsophisticated", "fr": 10122}, {"w": "簡素", "rd": "かんそ", "mn": "simple; plain; modest", "fr": 14243}, {"w": "質素", "rd": "しっそ", "mn": "simple; plain", "fr": 14663}, {"w": "色素", "rd": "しきそ", "mn": "pigment; coloring; colouring; colorant; colourant", "fr": 23069}], "p": null}, {"k": "河", "g": 5, "o": 753, "f": 663, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "かわ", "m": "river", "pm": "river", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "可", "nj": "カ", "ne": "can"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; can; street; nail; spike; mouth", "hk": "river", "hs": "The character in this frame represents a step up from the <i>stream</i> we met in Frame 134, it is a full-sized <b>river</b>. The <i>water</i> to the left tells us what we are dealing with, and the <i>can</i> at the right tells us that our  \"little engine that <i>could</i> \" has now become amphibious and is chugging down the Mighty Mississip' like a regular riverboat.", "ks": "A <b>river</b> CAN exist only if there is WATER.", "v": [{"w": "河原", "rd": "かわら", "mn": "dry riverbed; river beach", "fr": 15006}, {"w": "河", "rd": "かわ", "mn": "river; stream", "fr": 15103}, {"w": "銀河", "rd": "ぎんが", "mn": "Milky Way", "fr": 15899}, {"w": "大河", "rd": "たいが", "mn": "large river", "fr": 21559}, {"w": "河川", "rd": "かせん", "mn": "rivers", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "運河", "rd": "うんが", "mn": "(navigable) canal; waterway", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "氷河", "rd": "ひょうが", "mn": "glacier", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "河口", "rd": "かこう", "mn": "mouth of river; estuary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "河川敷", "rd": "かせんじき", "mn": "flood plain; river terrace; riverside area; area between river and river bank", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "河畔", "rd": "かはん", "mn": "riverside", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 3, "rp": 11, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "航", "g": 5, "o": 754, "f": 665, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "", "m": "navigate; sail; cruise; fly", "pm": "navigate", "r": [{"c": "舟", "nj": "ふね", "ne": "ship"}, {"c": "亢", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "high spirits"}], "hc": "boat; whirlwind; top hat; wind", "hk": "navigate", "hs": "Boat . . . whirlwind.", "ks": "To <b>navigate</b> a \"boat\" through a \"whirlwind\" takes a skilled <b>navigator</b>.", "v": [{"w": "難航", "rd": "なんこう", "mn": "difficult voyage; stormy passage; hard flight", "fr": 16669}, {"w": "航海", "rd": "こうかい", "mn": "(sea) voyage; navigation; sailing; passage; cruise", "fr": 21114}, {"w": "航行", "rd": "こうこう", "mn": "cruise; navigation; sailing", "fr": 22765}, {"w": "航空", "rd": "こうくう", "mn": "aviation; flying", "fr": 23266}, {"w": "航路", "rd": "こうろ", "mn": "(air or sea) route; course; line; run", "fr": 24242}, {"w": "密航", "rd": "みっこう", "mn": "stowing away; smuggling oneself; clandestine travel abroad", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "就航", "rd": "しゅうこう", "mn": "entering service (on a route; of a plane or ship); going into commission; being ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巡航", "rd": "じゅんこう", "mn": "cruise; cruising", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "格安航空券", "rd": "かくやすこうくうけん", "mn": "discount airline ticket", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "渡航", "rd": "とこう", "mn": "voyage; passage; travelling", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "航法", "rd": "こうほう", "mn": "sailing; navigation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "航空会社", "rd": "こうくうがいしゃ", "mn": "airline company", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "航空便", "rd": "こうくうびん", "mn": "airmail; air mail", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "航空券", "rd": "こうくうけん", "mn": "airline ticket; plane ticket; air ticket", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "航空機", "rd": "こうくうき", "mn": "aircraft", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 1, "rp": 23, "l": 7, "n": "航空 船便"}}, {"k": "適", "g": 5, "o": 755, "f": 670, "j": null, "on": "テキ", "kun": "かな.う", "m": "suitable; occasional; rare; qualified; capable", "pm": "suitable", "r": [{"c": "啇", "nj": "テキ", "ne": "the stalk"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "antique; vase; stand up; hood; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth; road", "hk": "suitable", "hs": "Can you imagine anything less <b>suitable</b> to do with one's precious <i>antiques</i> than to display them in the middle of a crowded <i>road-way</i>?", "ks": "It's an antique , but it's still suitable for the road.", "v": [{"w": "適当", "rd": "てきとう", "mn": "suitable; proper; appropriate; adequate; fit; fair", "fr": 1297}, {"w": "快適", "rd": "かいてき", "mn": "pleasant; agreeable; comfortable", "fr": 6429}, {"w": "最適", "rd": "さいてき", "mn": "most suitable; optimum; optimal; best", "fr": 6480}, {"w": "適切", "rd": "てきせつ", "mn": "appropriate; suitable; fitting; apt; proper; right; pertinent; relevant", "fr": 6531}, {"w": "適度", "rd": "てきど", "mn": "moderate (degree); proper (amount); temperate; suitable", "fr": 8060}, {"w": "適する", "rd": "てきする", "mn": "to fit; to suit", "fr": 10184}, {"w": "適応", "rd": "てきおう", "mn": "adaptation; accommodation; conformity", "fr": 12020}, {"w": "適用", "rd": "てきよう", "mn": "application (of a rule, law, method, etc.)", "fr": 12235}, {"w": "適性", "rd": "てきせい", "mn": "aptitude; aptness; suitability", "fr": 15597}, {"w": "不適切", "rd": "ふてきせつ", "mn": "unsuitable; inappropriate; improper", "fr": 20620}, {"w": "適正", "rd": "てきせい", "mn": "reasonable; suitable", "fr": 20715}, {"w": "適合", "rd": "てきごう", "mn": "conformity; compatibility; adaptability; congruity; congruence", "fr": 21803}, {"w": "適宜", "rd": "てきぎ", "mn": "suitable; appropriate; fitting; proper", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "適確", "rd": "てきかく", "mn": "accurate; precise; exact; appropriate; apt; right", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "不適当", "rd": "ふてきとう", "mn": "inadequacy; inappropriateness; unfitness; impropriety", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 77, "rp": 41, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "婦", "g": 5, "o": 756, "f": 671, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "よめ", "m": "lady; woman; wife; bride", "pm": "lady", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "帚", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "broom"}], "hc": "woman; feather duster; broom; apron; crown; towel", "hk": "lady", "hs": "Woman . . . broom . . . apron.", "ks": "In high society, a <b>lady</b> is a <i>woman</i> who never touches a <i>broom</i> or an <i>apron</i>.", "v": [{"w": "夫婦", "rd": "ふうふ", "mn": "married couple; husband and wife; man and wife", "fr": 2278}, {"w": "主婦", "rd": "しゅふ", "mn": "housewife; mistress (of the house); homemaker", "fr": 8916}, {"w": "婦人", "rd": "ふじん", "mn": "woman; lady; adult female", "fr": 13109}, {"w": "家政婦", "rd": "かせいふ", "mn": "housekeeper; maid", "fr": 19105}, {"w": "妊婦", "rd": "にんぷ", "mn": "pregnant woman", "fr": 19952}, {"w": "看護婦", "rd": "かんごふ", "mn": "(female) nurse", "fr": 20444}, {"w": "娼婦", "rd": "しょうふ", "mn": "prostitute", "fr": 22447}, {"w": "産婦人科", "rd": "さんふじんか", "mn": "maternity and gynaecology department (gynecology); department of obstetrics and ", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "保健婦", "rd": "ほけんふ", "mn": "(female) public health nurse", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "助産婦", "rd": "じょさんぷ", "mn": "midwife", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "売春婦", "rd": "ばいしゅんふ", "mn": "prostitute", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "妊産婦", "rd": "にんさんぷ", "mn": "expectant and nursing mothers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "婦人科", "rd": "ふじんか", "mn": "gynecology department", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "婦女", "rd": "ふじょ", "mn": "woman; womankind", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "婦女子", "rd": "ふじょし", "mn": "women and children", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 83, "rp": 37, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "寄", "g": 5, "o": 757, "f": 673, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "よ.る、-よ.り、よ.せる", "m": "draw near; stop in; bring near; gather; collect; send; forward", "pm": "draw near", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "奇", "nj": "キ", "ne": "strange"}], "hc": "house; strange; large; St. Bernard; can; street; nail; spike; mouth", "hk": "draw near", "hs": "Let the idea of <b>drawing near</b> suggest something dangerous or eerie that one approaches with fear and trembling. Here we see a <i>strange house</i> \\- perhaps the haunted <i>House</i> of Usher that Edgar Allen Poe immortalized, or the enchanted Gingerbread <i>House</i> that lured Hansel and Gretel to <b>draw near</b>.", "ks": "The <i>strange house</i> has a sign saying \"DRAW NEAR\" in its window, instead of a 'Beware' sign. It must be a trick!", "v": [{"w": "寄る", "rd": "よる", "mn": "to approach; to draw near; to come near; to be close to", "fr": 1123}, {"w": "寄せる", "rd": "よせる", "mn": "to come near; to let someone approach", "fr": 3061}, {"w": "近寄る", "rd": "ちかよる", "mn": "to approach; to draw near", "fr": 3151}, {"w": "年寄り", "rd": "としより", "mn": "old person; elderly person; senior citizen", "fr": 6066}, {"w": "寄り道", "rd": "よりみち", "mn": "dropping in on the way; stopping off at; making a side trip", "fr": 6295}, {"w": "歩み寄る", "rd": "あゆみよる", "mn": "to compromise; to meet halfway", "fr": 6296}, {"w": "立ち寄る", "rd": "たちよる", "mn": "to drop in (at); to drop by; to call at; to stop by; to stop off; to stop in", "fr": 6412}, {"w": "取り寄せる", "rd": "とりよせる", "mn": "to order; to send away for; to have (something) sent to one", "fr": 11574}, {"w": "寄付", "rd": "きふ", "mn": "contribution; donation", "fr": 12041}, {"w": "お年寄り", "rd": "おとしより", "mn": "old person; elderly person; senior citizen", "fr": 13360}, {"w": "身寄り", "rd": "みより", "mn": "relative; relation", "fr": 14140}, {"w": "寄生", "rd": "きせい", "mn": "parasitism", "fr": 17804}, {"w": "最寄り", "rd": "もより", "mn": "nearest; closest", "fr": 19875}, {"w": "寄せ集め", "rd": "よせあつめ", "mn": "mishmash; miscellany; medley; jumble; mixture; odds and ends", "fr": 24634}, {"w": "寄生虫", "rd": "きせいちゅう", "mn": "parasite", "fr": 24959}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 19, "rp": 68, "l": 14, "n": "奇跡 綺麗"}}, {"k": "益", "g": 5, "o": 758, "f": 674, "j": null, "on": "エキ、ヤク", "kun": "ま.す", "m": "benefit; gain; profit; advantage", "pm": "benefit", "r": [{"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}, {"c": "皿", "nj": "さら", "ne": "plate"}], "hc": "animal horns; one; floor; animal legs; eight; dish", "hk": "benefit", "hs": "Poised over the <i>dish</i> here is a pair of <i>animal horns</i> that are attached to a pair of <i>animal legs</i> by a single horizontal stroke.", "ks": "The <b>benefit</b> of having sharp <i>horns</i> and fast <i>legs</i> is that an animal can get to the food <i>dish</i> first.", "v": [{"w": "益々", "rd": "ますます", "mn": "increasingly; more and more", "fr": 1780}, {"w": "利益", "rd": "りえき", "mn": "profit; gains", "fr": 4914}, {"w": "有益", "rd": "ゆうえき", "mn": "beneficial; profitable; useful; helpful; instructive", "fr": 12489}, {"w": "無益", "rd": "むえき", "mn": "useless; futile; vain", "fr": 20168}, {"w": "不利益", "rd": "ふりえき", "mn": "disadvantage; handicap; drawback; inadvisability; inexpediency; loss", "fr": 20417}, {"w": "益", "rd": "えき", "mn": "benefit; use; good; advantage; gain", "fr": 23614}, {"w": "収益", "rd": "しゅうえき", "mn": "earnings; proceeds; returns; revenue", "fr": 23849}, {"w": "公益", "rd": "こうえき", "mn": "public interest; public benefit; public good", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公益法人", "rd": "こうえきほうじん", "mn": "public-service corporation; charitable corporation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "受益", "rd": "じゅえき", "mn": "benefitting by; benefiting by", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国益", "rd": "こくえき", "mn": "national interest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "増益", "rd": "ぞうえき", "mn": "increased (profit)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "差益", "rd": "さえき", "mn": "marginal profits", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "損益", "rd": "そんえき", "mn": "profit and loss; advantage and disadvantage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "権益", "rd": "けんえき", "mn": "(one's) interests", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "余", "g": 5, "o": 759, "f": 680, "j": null, "on": "ヨ", "kun": "あま.る、あま.り、あま.す、あんま.り", "m": "too much; myself; surplus; other; remainder", "pm": "too much", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}], "hc": "umbrella; potato; small", "hk": "too much", "hs": "<i>Umbrella</i> . . . <i>potato</i> . . . <i>little</i>. The last stroke of <i>potato</i> and the first of <i>little</i> coincide in this character.", "ks": "You hang an <i>umbrella</i> upside-down on a hook of the <b>scales</b> and fill it with <i>little</i> <i>potatoes</i>. No luck: it weights <b>too much</b>.", "v": [{"w": "余計", "rd": "よけい", "mn": "extra; more; too much; too many; excessive; superfluous; spare; surplus", "fr": 762}, {"w": "余裕", "rd": "よゆう", "mn": "surplus; margin; leeway; room; space; time; allowance; flexibility; scope", "fr": 1046}, {"w": "余りに", "rd": "あまりに", "mn": "too (much); overly; excessively", "fr": 3628}, {"w": "余る", "rd": "あまる", "mn": "to remain; to be left over; to be in excess; to be too many", "fr": 3791}, {"w": "余地", "rd": "よち", "mn": "place; room; margin; scope", "fr": 4026}, {"w": "余り", "rd": "あまり", "mn": "remainder; remnant; rest; balance; surplus; remains (of a meal); leftovers", "fr": 6446}, {"w": "余韻", "rd": "よいん", "mn": "reverberation; swelling (of a hymn); trailing note", "fr": 7142}, {"w": "余分", "rd": "よぶん", "mn": "extra; excess; surplus", "fr": 12160}, {"w": "余程", "rd": "よほど", "mn": "very; greatly; much; to a large extent; quite", "fr": 15091}, {"w": "余力", "rd": "よりょく", "mn": "remaining strength; surplus energy; reserve power", "fr": 15628}, {"w": "余波", "rd": "よは", "mn": "waves that remain after the wind has subsided", "fr": 19438}, {"w": "余命", "rd": "よめい", "mn": "remainder of one's life; one's remaining days; time left (to live)", "fr": 21387}, {"w": "余儀なく", "rd": "よぎなく", "mn": "unavoidably; necessarily; inevitably", "fr": 21659}, {"w": "余所", "rd": "よそ", "mn": "another place; somewhere else; strange parts", "fr": 23227}, {"w": "余儀なくされる", "rd": "よぎなくされる", "mn": "to be forced to do or experience something (against one's will); to be forced to", "fr": 23513}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 53, "rp": 57, "l": 10, "n": ""}}, {"k": "禁", "g": 5, "o": 760, "f": 681, "j": null, "on": "キン", "kun": "", "m": "prohibition; ban; forbid", "pm": "prohibition", "r": [{"c": "林", "nj": "リン", "ne": "grove"}, {"c": "示", "nj": "しめす", "ne": "altar"}], "hc": "grove; tree; wood; altar; show; two; small", "hk": "prohibition", "hs": "Grove . . . altar.", "ks": "Placing trees on this alter is prohibited.", "v": [{"w": "禁止", "rd": "きんし", "mn": "prohibition; inhibition; ban", "fr": 1579}, {"w": "禁じる", "rd": "きんじる", "mn": "to forbid; to ban; to prohibit", "fr": 4447}, {"w": "監禁", "rd": "かんきん", "mn": "confinement; imprisonment; incarceration", "fr": 8144}, {"w": "厳禁", "rd": "げんきん", "mn": "strict prohibition; ban; interdiction", "fr": 14037}, {"w": "禁物", "rd": "きんもつ", "mn": "thing that should be (carefully) avoided; no-no; thing to definitely not do; som", "fr": 14961}, {"w": "解禁", "rd": "かいきん", "mn": "lifting a ban; raising an embargo; opening a season (hunting, fishing, etc.)", "fr": 20433}, {"w": "禁煙", "rd": "きんえん", "mn": "abstaining from smoking; quitting smoking", "fr": 20667}, {"w": "禁ずる", "rd": "きんずる", "mn": "to forbid; to ban; to prohibit", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "拘禁", "rd": "こうきん", "mn": "detention; custody; confinement; internment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "独禁法", "rd": "どっきんほう", "mn": "antitrust law; Antitrust Act", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "発禁", "rd": "はっきん", "mn": "prohibition of sale; ban on sale", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禁制", "rd": "きんせい", "mn": "prohibition; ban; embargo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禁句", "rd": "きんく", "mn": "taboo word; forbidden topic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禁欲的", "rd": "きんよくてき", "mn": "abstemious; austere", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禁止事項", "rd": "きんしじこう", "mn": "prohibited item; banned item", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 61, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "逆", "g": 5, "o": 761, "f": 683, "j": null, "on": "ギャク、ゲキ", "kun": "さか、さか.さ、さか.らう", "m": "inverted; reverse; opposite; wicked", "pm": "inverted", "r": [{"c": "屰", "nj": "ゲキ", "ne": "disobedient"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "mountain goat; horns; mountain; road", "hk": "inverted", "hs": "Mountain goat . . . road.", "ks": "Mountain goat inverted. Horns stuck in road.", "v": [{"w": "逆", "rd": "ぎゃく", "mn": "reverse; opposite", "fr": 787}, {"w": "逆らう", "rd": "さからう", "mn": "to go against; to oppose; to disobey; to defy", "fr": 2201}, {"w": "逆転", "rd": "ぎゃくてん", "mn": "reversal (of a situation); turnaround; turnabout; turning the tables; sudden cha", "fr": 4695}, {"w": "逆効果", "rd": "ぎゃくこうか", "mn": "opposite effect; adverse effect; backfiring", "fr": 8458}, {"w": "逆戻り", "rd": "ぎゃくもどり", "mn": "retrogression; reversal; relapse; doubling back; backtracking", "fr": 14648}, {"w": "反逆", "rd": "はんぎゃく", "mn": "treason; treachery; mutiny; rebellion; insurrection", "fr": 15281}, {"w": "逆さ", "rd": "さかさ", "mn": "inverted; upside down; reversed; back to front", "fr": 15296}, {"w": "逆立ち", "rd": "さかだち", "mn": "handstand; headstand", "fr": 18825}, {"w": "逆襲", "rd": "ぎゃくしゅう", "mn": "counterattack", "fr": 18830}, {"w": "逆境", "rd": "ぎゃっきょう", "mn": "adverse circumstances; unfortunate situation; adversity", "fr": 20766}, {"w": "逆しま", "rd": "さかしま", "mn": "reverse; inversion; upside down", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "逆上せる", "rd": "のぼせる", "mn": "to feel dizzy; to have blood rush to one's head", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "逆説", "rd": "ぎゃくせつ", "mn": "paradox", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "逆転勝ち", "rd": "ぎゃくてんがち", "mn": "winning after defeat seems certain; coming from behind to win", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "逆輸入", "rd": "ぎゃくゆにゅう", "mn": "reimportation; reimport; reverse import; importing back", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 62, "rp": 22, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "久", "g": 5, "o": 762, "f": 688, "j": null, "on": "キュウ、ク", "kun": "ひさ.しい", "m": "long time; old story", "pm": "long time", "r": [], "hc": "bound up; person; mummy", "hk": "long time", "hs": "This character uses the diagonal sweep of the second stroke to double up for <i>bound up</i> and a <i>person</i>. Think of a mummy, and the key word will not be far behind.", "ks": "Note: this is the ひさ in ひさしぶり . <b>Long time</b> no see <i>mummy</i>! (A bound up person).", "v": [{"w": "久しぶり", "rd": "ひさしぶり", "mn": "a long time (since the last time); first in a long time", "fr": 735}, {"w": "お久しぶり", "rd": "おひさしぶり", "mn": "it's been a long time; long time no see", "fr": 2483}, {"w": "久々", "rd": "ひさびさ", "mn": "(in a) long time; long time (ago); while (ago); long ago; long while (ago); (in ", "fr": 3003}, {"w": "久しい", "rd": "ひさしい", "mn": "long (time that has passed); old (story)", "fr": 6360}, {"w": "永久", "rd": "えいきゅう", "mn": "eternity; permanence; perpetuity", "fr": 6639}, {"w": "久し振り", "rd": "ひさしぶり", "mn": "a long time (since the last time); first in a long time", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "恒久", "rd": "こうきゅう", "mn": "permanence; perpetuity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "悠久", "rd": "ゆうきゅう", "mn": "eternal; everlasting; perpetual; immemorial", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "持久", "rd": "じきゅう", "mn": "endurance; persistence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "耐久", "rd": "たいきゅう", "mn": "endurance; persistence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "耐久性", "rd": "たいきゅうせい", "mn": "durability", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "長久", "rd": "ちょうきゅう", "mn": "permanence; perpetuity", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 241, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "妻", "g": 5, "o": 763, "f": 691, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "つま", "m": "wife; spouse", "pm": "wife", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}], "hc": "ten; needle; rake; woman", "hk": "wife", "hs": "Ten . . . rakes . . . woman.", "ks": "Ten rakes woman. your <b>wife</b> digs her fingernails into you and it feels like 10 rakes when she finds you ontop of another woman.", "v": [{"w": "妻", "rd": "つま", "mn": "wife", "fr": 1551}, {"w": "稲妻", "rd": "いなずま", "mn": "lightning; flash of lightning; lightning bolt", "fr": 13324}, {"w": "夫妻", "rd": "ふさい", "mn": "husband and wife; married couple", "fr": 14073}, {"w": "人妻", "rd": "ひとづま", "mn": "married woman", "fr": 17586}, {"w": "妻子", "rd": "さいし", "mn": "wife and children", "fr": 22634}, {"w": "後妻", "rd": "ごさい", "mn": "second wife", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "良妻", "rd": "りょうさい", "mn": "good wife", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 248, "rp": 10, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "暴", "g": 5, "o": 764, "f": 692, "j": null, "on": "ボウ、バク", "kun": "あば.く、あば.れる", "m": "outburst; rave; fret; force; violence; cruelty; outrage", "pm": "outburst", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "㳟", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "sun; day; strung together; salad; animal legs; eight; grains of rice", "hk": "outburst", "hs": "Sun . . . strung together . . . rice grains.", "ks": "Having spent all <i>day</i> <i>stringing together</i> <i>grains of rice</i> he suddenly had an <b>outburst</b> , \"I can take it any longer!\".", "v": [{"w": "暴れる", "rd": "あばれる", "mn": "to act violently; to rage; to struggle; to be riotous", "fr": 1927}, {"w": "乱暴", "rd": "らんぼう", "mn": "violence; assault; rowdiness; wildness; running riot", "fr": 2628}, {"w": "暴力", "rd": "ぼうりょく", "mn": "violence; mayhem", "fr": 2964}, {"w": "暴走", "rd": "ぼうそう", "mn": "acting rashly; running wildly; behaving recklessly; rampaging", "fr": 3132}, {"w": "横暴", "rd": "おうぼう", "mn": "violence; oppression; high-handedness; tyranny; despotism", "fr": 10319}, {"w": "暴露", "rd": "ばくろ", "mn": "disclosure; exposure; revelation", "fr": 10670}, {"w": "暴行", "rd": "ぼうこう", "mn": "assault; outrage; act of violence", "fr": 11829}, {"w": "暴動", "rd": "ぼうどう", "mn": "insurrection; riot; uprising; rebellion; revolt", "fr": 17044}, {"w": "暴挙", "rd": "ぼうきょ", "mn": "violence; reckless action; (an) outrage", "fr": 19703}, {"w": "暴風", "rd": "ぼうふう", "mn": "storm; windstorm; gale", "fr": 20156}, {"w": "暴虐", "rd": "ぼうぎゃく", "mn": "tyranny; atrocity", "fr": 23320}, {"w": "暴力団", "rd": "ぼうりょくだん", "mn": "bōryokudan; gangster organization (organisation); crime syndicate; yakuza", "fr": 23458}, {"w": "婦女暴行", "rd": "ふじょぼうこう", "mn": "sexual assault (of a woman); rape", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暴徒", "rd": "ぼうと", "mn": "rioters; mob; insurgents", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暴落", "rd": "ぼうらく", "mn": "slump; crash; heavy fall; sudden decline", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 27, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "険", "g": 5, "o": 765, "f": 707, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "けわ.しい", "m": "precipitous; inaccessible place; impregnable position; steep place; sharp eyes", "pm": "precipitous", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "㑒", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; awl; fit; meeting; umbrella; mouth; person", "hk": "precipitous", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . awl.", "ks": "The edge of <i>The Pinnacle</i> is <b>precipitous</b> , so they have a guard posted with an <i>ice pick</i> to poke people and keep them from the edge.", "v": [{"w": "危険", "rd": "きけん", "mn": "danger; peril; hazard", "fr": 750}, {"w": "冒険", "rd": "ぼうけん", "mn": "adventure; venture", "fr": 4831}, {"w": "保険", "rd": "ほけん", "mn": "insurance", "fr": 6933}, {"w": "険しい", "rd": "けわしい", "mn": "precipitous; rugged; inaccessible; impregnable; steep", "fr": 7085}, {"w": "危険性", "rd": "きけんせい", "mn": "(degree of) risk; riskiness; danger", "fr": 8197}, {"w": "険悪", "rd": "けんあく", "mn": "dangerous; perilous; threatening; stormy; volatile; tense; critical; serious", "fr": 13120}, {"w": "保険金", "rd": "ほけんきん", "mn": "insurance payout; insurance money", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "健康保険", "rd": "けんこうほけん", "mn": "health insurance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国民健康保険", "rd": "こくみんけんこうほけん", "mn": "national health insurance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "損害保険", "rd": "そんがいほけん", "mn": "non-life insurance; general insurance; property and casualty insurance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "火災保険", "rd": "かさいほけん", "mn": "fire insurance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "生命保険", "rd": "せいめいほけん", "mn": "life insurance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "社会保険", "rd": "しゃかいほけん", "mn": "social insurance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "社会保険庁", "rd": "しゃかいほけんちょう", "mn": "Social Insurance Agency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "簡易保険", "rd": "かんいほけん", "mn": "postal life insurance", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "均", "g": 5, "o": 766, "f": 715, "j": null, "on": "キン", "kun": "なら.す", "m": "level; average", "pm": "level", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "匀", "nj": "イン", "ne": "equal"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; ladle; drop", "hk": "level", "hs": "The <b>level</b> this key word refers to is not the carpenter's tool but rather the even surface of a thing. It pictures <i>soil</i> being scooped up into a <i>ladle</i> and then made <b>level</b> (apparently because one is measuring <i>soil</i> ). The excess <i>drops of soil</i> are brushed off the top, which accounts for the added <i>drop</i> at the <i>ladle's</i> edge.", "ks": "<i>Soil</i> is scooped up into a <i>ladel</i>. The extra <i>drop</i> is brushed off to make it <b>level</b>.", "v": [{"w": "平均", "rd": "へいきん", "mn": "average; mean", "fr": 8038}, {"w": "均衡", "rd": "きんこう", "mn": "balance; equilibrium", "fr": 13754}, {"w": "均等", "rd": "きんとう", "mn": "equal (distribution, treatment, level, etc.); even; uniform", "fr": 20132}, {"w": "平均的", "rd": "へいきんてき", "mn": "average; ordinary; normal", "fr": 20241}, {"w": "不均衡", "rd": "ふきんこう", "mn": "imbalance; lack of balance; lopsidedness; disproportion; inequality; disparity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "均一", "rd": "きんいつ", "mn": "uniformity; equality", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "均整", "rd": "きんせい", "mn": "symmetry; balance; proportion; uniformity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "均質", "rd": "きんしつ", "mn": "homogeneous; homogeneity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "平均点", "rd": "へいきんてん", "mn": "average mark; mean point", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拡大均衡", "rd": "かくだいきんこう", "mn": "an expanded or expanding equilibrium", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "移動平均", "rd": "いどうへいきん", "mn": "moving average", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "１００均", "rd": "ひゃっきん", "mn": "hundred-yen store; 100 yen shop", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 17, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "圧", "g": 5, "o": 767, "f": 718, "j": null, "on": "アツ、エン、オウ", "kun": "お.す、へ.す、おさ.える、お.さえる", "m": "pressure; push; overwhelm; oppress; dominate", "pm": "pressure", "r": [{"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "cliff; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "pressure", "hs": "One of the things that causes the erosion of <i>soil</i> is the excessive <b>pressure</b> of the top <i>soil</i> on the lower <i>soil</i>. This can be caused by any number of things from heavy rainfall to heavy buildings to the absence of sufficient deep-rooted vegetation to hold the layers together. Here we see a steep <i>cliff</i> without a tree in sight. The <b>slightest</b> pressure on it will cause a landslide, which, with a little help from your imagination, you will be able to see happening in this character.", "ks": "The GROUND at the base of a CLIFF must suffer from enormous <b>pressure</b>.", "v": [{"w": "圧倒的", "rd": "あっとうてき", "mn": "overwhelming", "fr": 2681}, {"w": "圧倒", "rd": "あっとう", "mn": "to overwhelm (e.g. an opponent); to overpower; to crush; to defeat completely", "fr": 5300}, {"w": "圧力", "rd": "あつりょく", "mn": "pressure", "fr": 5401}, {"w": "圧迫", "rd": "あっぱく", "mn": "pressure", "fr": 7537}, {"w": "制圧", "rd": "せいあつ", "mn": "gaining total control (of people or counties); suppression; oppression; control;", "fr": 8301}, {"w": "血圧", "rd": "けつあつ", "mn": "blood pressure", "fr": 12731}, {"w": "重圧", "rd": "じゅうあつ", "mn": "strong pressure; heavy pressure", "fr": 14303}, {"w": "圧縮", "rd": "あっしゅく", "mn": "compression", "fr": 14890}, {"w": "圧勝", "rd": "あっしょう", "mn": "overwhelming victory; crushing victory; sweeping victory; landslide victory", "fr": 15653}, {"w": "鎮圧", "rd": "ちんあつ", "mn": "suppression (of a riot, revolt, etc.); repression; putting down; quelling", "fr": 19123}, {"w": "抑圧", "rd": "よくあつ", "mn": "check; restraint; oppression; suppression", "fr": 20787}, {"w": "圧巻", "rd": "あっかん", "mn": "highlight; best part", "fr": 22298}, {"w": "気圧", "rd": "きあつ", "mn": "atmospheric pressure; air pressure", "fr": 23753}, {"w": "低気圧", "rd": "ていきあつ", "mn": "low (atmospheric) pressure; low-pressure system; depression; cyclone", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "加圧", "rd": "かあつ", "mn": "pressurization; applying pressure (to)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 13, "rp": 20, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "許", "g": 5, "o": 768, "f": 720, "j": null, "on": "キョ", "kun": "ゆる.す、もと", "m": "permit; approve", "pm": "permit", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "午", "nj": "ゴ", "ne": "noon"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; horse; pantomime horse; noon; sign of the horse", "hk": "permit", "hs": "Words . . . horse.", "ks": "If horses could speak, you might have to ask their permission before mounting them.", "v": [{"w": "許す", "rd": "ゆるす", "mn": "to permit; to allow; to approve; to consent to", "fr": 286}, {"w": "許可", "rd": "きょか", "mn": "permission; approval; authorization; license", "fr": 1564}, {"w": "許し", "rd": "ゆるし", "mn": "pardon; forgiveness; exemption; permission", "fr": 5745}, {"w": "免許", "rd": "めんきょ", "mn": "license; licence; permission; permit; certificate", "fr": 9543}, {"w": "許容", "rd": "きょよう", "mn": "permission; allowance; acceptance; tolerance; pardon", "fr": 12546}, {"w": "免許証", "rd": "めんきょしょう", "mn": "licence; license; permit; certificate (of qualification)", "fr": 23722}, {"w": "特許", "rd": "とっきょ", "mn": "patent", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "無免許", "rd": "むめんきょ", "mn": "unlicensed; without a license (licence)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "特許庁", "rd": "とっきょちょう", "mn": "Patent Office; Patent Agency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "許諾", "rd": "きょだく", "mn": "consent; assent; approval; permission", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "運転免許", "rd": "うんてんめんきょ", "mn": "driver's license; driver's licence; driving licence", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 173, "rp": 11, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "留", "g": 5, "o": 769, "f": 731, "j": null, "on": "リュウ、ル", "kun": "と.める、と.まる、とど.める、とど.まる、るうぶる", "m": "detain; fasten; halt; stop", "pm": "detain", "r": [{"c": "卯", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "sign of the hare or rabbit"}, {"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}], "hc": "receipt; sword; dagger; rice field; brains", "hk": "detain", "hs": "Receipt . . . dagger . . . rice field.", "ks": "Got a <i>receipt</i> for that <i>dagger</i> , son? If not, we're going to <b>detain</b> you and send you to work in the <i>rice fields</i>.", "v": [{"w": "留守", "rd": "るす", "mn": "absence; being away from home", "fr": 3581}, {"w": "留守番", "rd": "るすばん", "mn": "care-taking; house-sitting; house-watching; staying at home", "fr": 5267}, {"w": "留める", "rd": "とどめる", "mn": "to stop; to stay (e.g. the night); to cease; to put an end to", "fr": 5716}, {"w": "留まる", "rd": "とまる", "mn": "to stop (moving); to come to a stop", "fr": 6427}, {"w": "留学", "rd": "りゅうがく", "mn": "studying abroad", "fr": 8647}, {"w": "保留", "rd": "ほりゅう", "mn": "reservation; putting on hold; deferment; withholding", "fr": 9406}, {"w": "留年", "rd": "りゅうねん", "mn": "repeating a year (at school); staying in the same class for another year", "fr": 17283}, {"w": "残留", "rd": "ざんりゅう", "mn": "staying behind; remaining; residual", "fr": 20402}, {"w": "留学生", "rd": "りゅうがくせい", "mn": "overseas student; exchange student", "fr": 23759}, {"w": "停留所", "rd": "ていりゅうじょ", "mn": "stop (bus, tram, etc.); station; stopping place", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "書留", "rd": "かきとめ", "mn": "registered mail; registered post; registration (of mail)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "在留", "rd": "ざいりゅう", "mn": "residing (esp. abroad); staying; living", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "局留め", "rd": "きょくどめ", "mn": "general delivery; counter collection; poste restante", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抑留", "rd": "よくりゅう", "mn": "internment; detainment; detention", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拘留", "rd": "こうりゅう", "mn": "custody; detention; confinement", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 16, "rp": 28, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "罪", "g": 5, "o": 770, "f": 732, "j": null, "on": "ザイ", "kun": "つみ", "m": "guilt; sin; crime; fault; blame; offense", "pm": "guilt", "r": [{"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "非", "nj": "あらず", "ne": "wrong"}], "hc": "eye; cross-eyed; net; un-; jail cell; prison bars", "hk": "guilt", "hs": "Eye . . . jail cell.", "ks": "<b>Guilt</b> y under the <i>eye</i> s of the law, therefore sentenced to <i>jail</i>. [note: 'UNDER the eye of the law' works in [penalty](../v4/833.html) (#833 罰) as well.].", "v": [{"w": "罪", "rd": "つみ", "mn": "crime; sin; wrongdoing; indiscretion", "fr": 1268}, {"w": "犯罪", "rd": "はんざい", "mn": "crime; offence; offense", "fr": 2834}, {"w": "謝罪", "rd": "しゃざい", "mn": "apology", "fr": 3294}, {"w": "犯罪者", "rd": "はんざいしゃ", "mn": "criminal; culprit", "fr": 4517}, {"w": "罪人", "rd": "ざいにん", "mn": "criminal; lawbreaker; wrongdoer; offender", "fr": 10307}, {"w": "無罪", "rd": "むざい", "mn": "innocence; being not guilty", "fr": 15580}, {"w": "有罪", "rd": "ゆうざい", "mn": "guilt; culpability", "fr": 19586}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 82, "rp": 20, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "停", "g": 5, "o": 771, "f": 733, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "と.める、と.まる", "m": "halt; stopping", "pm": "halt", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "亭", "nj": "テイ", "ne": "pavilion"}], "hc": "person; pavilion; tall; top hat; mouth; crown; street; nail; spike", "hk": "halt", "hs": "Person . . . pavilion.", "ks": "\"Halt fool\" - <i>Mr T</i> acting as a bouncer at the <i>pavillion</i>.", "v": [{"w": "停止", "rd": "ていし", "mn": "stoppage; coming to a stop; halt; standstill", "fr": 3403}, {"w": "停電", "rd": "ていでん", "mn": "power outage; power failure; power cut; blackout", "fr": 12537}, {"w": "停滞", "rd": "ていたい", "mn": "stagnation; tie-up; standstill; congestion; delay; accumulation; falling into ar", "fr": 14308}, {"w": "バス停", "rd": "バスてい", "mn": "bus stop", "fr": 15501}, {"w": "停車", "rd": "ていしゃ", "mn": "stopping (of a train, car, etc.); stop", "fr": 15961}, {"w": "停留所", "rd": "ていりゅうじょ", "mn": "stop (bus, tram, etc.); station; stopping place", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "調停", "rd": "ちょうてい", "mn": "arbitration; conciliation; mediation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "停学", "rd": "ていがく", "mn": "suspension from school", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "停戦", "rd": "ていせん", "mn": "armistice; ceasefire", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "停泊", "rd": "ていはく", "mn": "anchorage; anchoring; mooring", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 63, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "興", "g": 5, "o": 772, "f": 734, "j": null, "on": "コウ、キョウ", "kun": "おこ.る、おこ.す", "m": "entertain; revive; retrieve; interest; pleasure", "pm": "entertain", "r": [{"c": "同", "nj": "ドウ", "ne": "same"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}], "hc": "staples; same; monks; hood; one; mouth; tool; animal legs; eight", "hk": "entertain", "hs": "<i>Mortar</i> . . . <i>same</i> . . . <i>tool</i>. Be careful to make an image that keeps <i>same</i> in the middle.", "ks": "Wacky Japanese TV entertain -ment show: a monk is stapled to the wall on both sides with huge staples , whilst contestants throw tools at his face.", "v": [{"w": "興味", "rd": "きょうみ", "mn": "interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)", "fr": 862}, {"w": "興奮", "rd": "こうふん", "mn": "excitement; stimulation; agitation; arousal", "fr": 1757}, {"w": "興味深い", "rd": "きょうみぶかい", "mn": "very interesting; of great interest", "fr": 3925}, {"w": "興味津々", "rd": "きょうみしんしん", "mn": "very interesting; of absorbing interest; having a keen interest (in); being imme", "fr": 8409}, {"w": "復興", "rd": "ふっこう", "mn": "revival; reconstruction; restoration; rebuilding; recovery; renaissance", "fr": 12518}, {"w": "興", "rd": "きょう", "mn": "interest; entertainment; pleasure", "fr": 18173}, {"w": "即興", "rd": "そっきょう", "mn": "improvisation", "fr": 21668}, {"w": "振興", "rd": "しんこう", "mn": "promotion; encouragement", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "新興", "rd": "しんこう", "mn": "rising; developing; emergent; burgeoning; new", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "興業", "rd": "こうぎょう", "mn": "promotion of industry; inauguration of a new industrial enterprise", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "興す", "rd": "おこす", "mn": "to vitalize (e.g. an industry); to invigorate; to energize; to revive; to promot", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "興信所", "rd": "こうしんじょ", "mn": "detective agency; enquiry agency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "興行", "rd": "こうぎょう", "mn": "show; performance; act", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "興隆", "rd": "こうりゅう", "mn": "rise; prosperity", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "精", "g": 5, "o": 773, "f": 752, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ショウ", "kun": "しら.げる、くわ.しい", "m": "refined; ghost; fairy; energy; vitality; semen; excellence; purity; skill", "pm": "refined", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "青", "nj": "あお", "ne": "blue"}], "hc": "rice; blue; grow up; moon; flesh", "hk": "refined", "hs": "Rice . . . blue.", "ks": "Very refined people in the upper classes have skin as pale as rice and blue blood.", "v": [{"w": "精神", "rd": "せいしん", "mn": "mind; spirit; soul; heart; ethos", "fr": 2255}, {"w": "精神的", "rd": "せいしんてき", "mn": "mental; spiritual; emotional", "fr": 3616}, {"w": "精一杯", "rd": "せいいっぱい", "mn": "the best one can do; one's best effort", "fr": 3722}, {"w": "精", "rd": "せい", "mn": "spirit; sprite; nymph", "fr": 5262}, {"w": "妖精", "rd": "ようせい", "mn": "fairy; sprite; elf", "fr": 7565}, {"w": "精液", "rd": "せいえき", "mn": "semen; seminal fluid; sperm", "fr": 10005}, {"w": "射精", "rd": "しゃせい", "mn": "ejaculation", "fr": 10502}, {"w": "精進", "rd": "しょうじん", "mn": "concentration; diligence; devotion", "fr": 10730}, {"w": "精度", "rd": "せいど", "mn": "precision; accuracy", "fr": 10779}, {"w": "精鋭", "rd": "せいえい", "mn": "elite; best; pick; cream of the crop", "fr": 12591}, {"w": "精子", "rd": "せいし", "mn": "sperm; spermatozoon", "fr": 14187}, {"w": "精密", "rd": "せいみつ", "mn": "precise; exact; detailed; accurate; minute; close", "fr": 14611}, {"w": "精通", "rd": "せいつう", "mn": "being well versed (in); being well acquainted (with); being familiar (with); hav", "fr": 15842}, {"w": "精巧", "rd": "せいこう", "mn": "elaborate; delicate; exquisite", "fr": 16606}, {"w": "精力", "rd": "せいりょく", "mn": "energy; vigor; vigour; vitality", "fr": 22075}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 10, "rp": 36, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "則", "g": 5, "o": 774, "f": 753, "j": null, "on": "ソク", "kun": "のっと.る、のり、すなわち", "m": "rule; law; follow; based on; model after", "pm": "rule", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "rule", "hs": "The character depicts a <i>clam</i> alongside a great and flashing <i>saber</i>. Think of digging for <i>clams</i> in an area where there are gaming <b>rules</b> governing how large a find has to be before you can keep it. So you take your trusty <i>saber</i> , which you have carefully notched like a yardstick, crack open a <i>clam</i> and then measure the poor little beastie to see if it is as long as the <b>rules</b> say it has to be.", "ks": "The world is rule d by money and sword.", "v": [{"w": "反則", "rd": "はんそく", "mn": "foul; breaking the rules", "fr": 6271}, {"w": "規則", "rd": "きそく", "mn": "rule; regulation", "fr": 7924}, {"w": "法則", "rd": "ほうそく", "mn": "law; rule", "fr": 9505}, {"w": "不規則", "rd": "ふきそく", "mn": "irregular; unsystematic; unsteady; disorderly", "fr": 12242}, {"w": "原則", "rd": "げんそく", "mn": "principle; general rule", "fr": 13544}, {"w": "校則", "rd": "こうそく", "mn": "school rules; school regulations", "fr": 14255}, {"w": "会則", "rd": "かいそく", "mn": "society regulations; club regulations; constitution", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "変則", "rd": "へんそく", "mn": "irregularity; anomaly", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "正則", "rd": "せいそく", "mn": "correct; proper; formal; regular; systematic; normal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "罰則", "rd": "ばっそく", "mn": "punishment; penalty", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 67, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": "規則 側"}}, {"k": "測", "g": 5, "o": 775, "f": 761, "j": null, "on": "ソク", "kun": "はか.る", "m": "fathom; plan; scheme; measure", "pm": "fathom", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "則", "nj": "ソク", "ne": "rule"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; rule; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "fathom", "hs": "Connoting the measurement of the depth of <i>water</i> , the keyword <b>fathom</b> begins with the <i>water</i> primitive. To its right, we see the compound-primitive for <i>rule</i> (Frame 92) which we learned in the sense of a  \"ruler\" or \"measure.\" Hence, when we <i>rule</i> <i>water</i> we <b>fathom</b> it. What could be simpler? But be careful, its simplicity is deceptive. Be sure to picture yourself <b>fathoming</b> a body of <i>water</i> several hundred feet deep by using a <i>ruler</i> of gargantuan proportions.", "ks": "A <i>fathom</i> is the unit you use when making <b>rules</b> about <b>water</b> 's depth.", "v": [{"w": "推測", "rd": "すいそく", "mn": "guess; conjecture", "fr": 3862}, {"w": "予測", "rd": "よそく", "mn": "prediction; estimation", "fr": 3930}, {"w": "測る", "rd": "はかる", "mn": "to measure; to weigh; to survey; to time (sound, gauge, estimate)", "fr": 5115}, {"w": "観測", "rd": "かんそく", "mn": "observation; survey; measurement", "fr": 9619}, {"w": "憶測", "rd": "おくそく", "mn": "guess; speculation; supposition", "fr": 11620}, {"w": "測定", "rd": "そくてい", "mn": "measurement", "fr": 16294}, {"w": "計測", "rd": "けいそく", "mn": "measuring; measurement", "fr": 16413}, {"w": "測量", "rd": "そくりょう", "mn": "measurement; surveying", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "測候所", "rd": "そっこうじょ", "mn": "weather measurement station", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "目測", "rd": "もくそく", "mn": "eye measurement; measure with eye", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 5, "rp": 14, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "豊", "g": 5, "o": 776, "f": 762, "j": null, "on": "ホウ、ブ", "kun": "ゆた.か、とよ", "m": "bountiful; excellent; rich", "pm": "bountiful", "r": [{"c": "曲", "nj": "キョク", "ne": "bend"}, {"c": "豆", "nj": "まめ", "ne": "bean"}], "hc": "bend; beans; table; one; mouth", "hk": "bountiful", "hs": "Bend . . . table. Think of a <b>bountiful</b> harvest, and you will not be far from the meaning of this character.", "ks": "The <b>bountiful</b> feast was so <b>bountiful</b> that it <i>bent</i> the <i>table</i> below it under its weight! いただきま〜す！.", "v": [{"w": "豊か", "rd": "ゆたか", "mn": "abundant; plentiful; rich; ample", "fr": 3317}, {"w": "豊富", "rd": "ほうふ", "mn": "abundant; plentiful; rich; ample", "fr": 5193}, {"w": "豊満", "rd": "ほうまん", "mn": "stout; corpulent; plump; voluptuous", "fr": 13918}, {"w": "豊作", "rd": "ほうさく", "mn": "abundant harvest; bumper crop", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "種類豊富", "rd": "しゅるいほうふ", "mn": "rich in variety; diverse; wide-ranging; multifarious", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "経験豊富", "rd": "けいけんほうふ", "mn": "experienced; well-versed", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "豊年", "rd": "ほうねん", "mn": "fruitful year", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "豊漁", "rd": "ほうりょう", "mn": "good catch; good haul", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "豊胸", "rd": "ほうきょう", "mn": "full breasts; ample breasts", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "厚", "g": 5, "o": 777, "f": 768, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "あつ.い、あか", "m": "thick; heavy; rich; kind; cordial; brazen; shameless", "pm": "thick", "r": [{"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "子", "nj": "こ", "ne": "child"}], "hc": "cliff; sun; day; child", "hk": "thick", "hs": "When we refer to someone as <b>thick</b> -skinned or <b>thick-</b> headed, we are usually quick to add - even if only under our breath - something about their upbringing. Perhaps it is because deep down we cherish the belief that by nature people are basically tender and sensitive. Be that as it may, the Japanese character for <b>thick</b> depicts a <i>child</i> abandoned out on the wild <i>cliffs</i> , exposed to the heat of the <i>sun</i> , and thus doomed to develop a head and skin as <b>thick</b> as the parent who left it there.", "ks": "The <b>thick</b> <i>cliff</i> walls protected the <i>children</i> from the <i>sun</i>.", "v": [{"w": "厚い", "rd": "あつい", "mn": "thick; deep; heavy", "fr": 4427}, {"w": "濃厚", "rd": "のうこう", "mn": "rich (flavor, color, etc.); strong (e.g. odor); heavy; thick (soup, makeup, etc.", "fr": 6369}, {"w": "厚意", "rd": "こうい", "mn": "kindness (shown by others); courtesy; favor; favour; good offices", "fr": 10791}, {"w": "厚み", "rd": "あつみ", "mn": "thickness", "fr": 15223}, {"w": "重厚", "rd": "じゅうこう", "mn": "profound; deep; grave; solid; dignified; stately; solemn; composed; substantial;", "fr": 16523}, {"w": "温厚", "rd": "おんこう", "mn": "gentle; mild-mannered", "fr": 17261}, {"w": "厚かましい", "rd": "あつかましい", "mn": "impudent; shameless; brazen; cheeky; presumptuous", "fr": 18235}, {"w": "厚さ", "rd": "あつさ", "mn": "thickness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厚生", "rd": "こうせい", "mn": "welfare; public welfare; social welfare", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厚生年金", "rd": "こうせいねんきん", "mn": "welfare pension", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厚生省", "rd": "こうせいしょう", "mn": "(former) Ministry of Health and Welfare", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厚相", "rd": "こうしょう", "mn": "Welfare Minister", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厚着", "rd": "あつぎ", "mn": "wearing thick clothes; dressing warmly", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厚紙", "rd": "あつがみ", "mn": "cardboard; thick paper", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "福利厚生", "rd": "ふくりこうせい", "mn": "employee welfare; employee benefits; fringe benefits", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 74, "rp": 36, "l": 3, "n": "原 厚"}}, {"k": "喜", "g": 5, "o": 778, "f": 769, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "よろこ.ぶ、よろこ.ばす", "m": "rejoice; take pleasure in", "pm": "rejoice", "r": [{"c": "吉", "nj": "キチ", "ne": "good luck"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "drum; samurai; beans; table; one; mouth; mouth", "hk": "rejoice", "hs": "Drum . . . mouth.", "ks": "Rejoice with the sound of drums and voice!", "v": [{"w": "喜ぶ", "rd": "よろこぶ", "mn": "to be delighted; to be glad; to be pleased; to rejoice", "fr": 535}, {"w": "喜び", "rd": "よろこび", "mn": "joy; delight; rapture; pleasure; gratification; rejoicing; congratulations; feli", "fr": 2262}, {"w": "喜んで", "rd": "よろこんで", "mn": "with pleasure; gladly; willingly; certainly", "fr": 2362}, {"w": "歓喜", "rd": "かんき", "mn": "delight; great joy", "fr": 7794}, {"w": "大喜び", "rd": "おおよろこび", "mn": "great joy; delight; jubilation", "fr": 8233}, {"w": "喜ばす", "rd": "よろこばす", "mn": "to delight; to please; to make (someone) happy; to give pleasure (to)", "fr": 8960}, {"w": "喜ばしい", "rd": "よろこばしい", "mn": "joyful (news, event, etc.); joyous; delightful (e.g. result); pleasing (e.g. sig", "fr": 9251}, {"w": "一喜一憂", "rd": "いっきいちゆう", "mn": "alternating between happiness and anxiety; swinging between joy and sorrow; bein", "fr": 22645}, {"w": "喜劇", "rd": "きげき", "mn": "comedy", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "喜寿", "rd": "きじゅ", "mn": "77th birthday", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "喜怒哀楽", "rd": "きどあいらく", "mn": "human emotions (joy, anger, grief and pleasure); feelings", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 9, "rp": 53, "l": 11, "n": "喜ぶ 改善"}}, {"k": "囲", "g": 5, "o": 779, "f": 771, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "かこ.む、かこ.う、かこ.い", "m": "surround; besiege; store; paling; enclosure; encircle; preserve; keep", "pm": "surround", "r": [{"c": "囗", "nj": "くにがまえ", "ne": "border"}, {"c": "井", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "well"}], "hc": "pent in; well", "hk": "surround", "hs": "Well . . . pent in.", "ks": "You get good surround sound when your pent-up in well.", "v": [{"w": "雰囲気", "rd": "ふんいき", "mn": "atmosphere; mood; ambience; ambiance; aura; feel", "fr": 1189}, {"w": "周囲", "rd": "しゅうい", "mn": "surroundings; environs", "fr": 1797}, {"w": "囲む", "rd": "かこむ", "mn": "to surround; to encircle; to enclose; to fence; to wall in", "fr": 1896}, {"w": "範囲", "rd": "はんい", "mn": "extent; scope; sphere; range; span", "fr": 2532}, {"w": "取り囲む", "rd": "とりかこむ", "mn": "to surround; to crowd around; to gather around; to encircle; to besiege", "fr": 6525}, {"w": "包囲", "rd": "ほうい", "mn": "siege; encirclement; envelopment; surrounding; besiegement", "fr": 8713}, {"w": "囲う", "rd": "かこう", "mn": "to enclose; to surround; to encircle; to fence; to wall in", "fr": 10523}, {"w": "広範囲", "rd": "こうはんい", "mn": "extensive; vast range; wide scope", "fr": 14072}, {"w": "囲い", "rd": "かこい", "mn": "enclosure; fence; wall; pen; paling", "fr": 20384}, {"w": "囲み", "rd": "かこみ", "mn": "enclosure; box", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "囲碁", "rd": "いご", "mn": "go (board game)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 18, "rp": 21, "l": 3, "n": "周囲 牛丼"}}, {"k": "略", "g": 5, "o": 780, "f": 774, "j": null, "on": "リャク", "kun": "ほぼ、はぶ.く、おか.す、おさ.める、はかりごと、はか.る", "m": "abbreviation; omission; outline; shorten; capture; plunder", "pm": "abbreviation", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "各", "nj": "カク", "ne": "each"}], "hc": "rice field; brains; each; walking legs; mouth", "hk": "abbreviation", "hs": "<i>Each field</i> has its own <b>abbreviations</b> (chemistry, philosophy, sports, etc.). Needless to say, the  \"stronger\" primitive - thatis to say, the simpler and more often used one - takes the dominant position on the left, even though the story would read them off the other way around.", "ks": "There are so many <b>abbreviation</b> s and acronyms nowadays that no <i>brain</i> can remember <i>each</i> of them. Mnemonic: ab-brain-each-ation.", "v": [{"w": "攻略", "rd": "こうりゃく", "mn": "capture (of enemy territory); taking (by storm); conquest; attack; assault", "fr": 6072}, {"w": "戦略", "rd": "せんりゃく", "mn": "strategy; tactics", "fr": 6608}, {"w": "侵略", "rd": "しんりゃく", "mn": "invasion (e.g. of a country); raid; aggression", "fr": 10599}, {"w": "策略", "rd": "さくりゃく", "mn": "stratagem; artifice; trick; ruse; scheme; tactics", "fr": 12393}, {"w": "省略", "rd": "しょうりゃく", "mn": "omission; leaving out", "fr": 14387}, {"w": "略", "rd": "りゃく", "mn": "abbreviation; omission", "fr": 14481}, {"w": "略奪", "rd": "りゃくだつ", "mn": "pillage; plunder; looting; robbery", "fr": 17564}, {"w": "略す", "rd": "りゃくす", "mn": "to abbreviate; to abridge; to shorten", "fr": 22243}, {"w": "概略", "rd": "がいりゃく", "mn": "outline; summary; gist; in brief", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "略語", "rd": "りゃくご", "mn": "abbreviation; acronym", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "中略", "rd": "ちゅうりゃく", "mn": "omission (of middle part of a text); ellipsis", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "党略", "rd": "とうりゃく", "mn": "party politics (tactics)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "前略", "rd": "ぜんりゃく", "mn": "dispensing with the preliminaries ...", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "略式", "rd": "りゃくしき", "mn": "informal; simplified", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "略歴", "rd": "りゃくれき", "mn": "brief personal record; short curriculum vitae; short CV", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 16, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "紀", "g": 5, "o": 781, "f": 780, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "", "m": "chronicle; account; narrative; history; annals; geologic period", "pm": "chronicle", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "己", "nj": "おのれ", "ne": "self"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; snake; self", "hk": "chronicle", "hs": "Thread . . . snake.", "ks": "Worst fan fiction ever….SPIDERMAN joins the <b>CHRONICLE</b> S of narnia to battle a big SNAKE!!", "v": [{"w": "世紀", "rd": "せいき", "mn": "century", "fr": 8063}, {"w": "風紀", "rd": "ふうき", "mn": "public morals; discipline; rules governing social behavior", "fr": 14530}, {"w": "デボン紀", "rd": "デボンき", "mn": "Devonian period", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "世紀末", "rd": "せいきまつ", "mn": "end of a century (esp. 19th); fin-de-siècle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "二十世紀", "rd": "にじっせいき", "mn": "twentieth century", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紀元", "rd": "きげん", "mn": "era", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紀元前", "rd": "きげんぜん", "mn": "pre-era; BC; BCE", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紀行", "rd": "きこう", "mn": "traveller's journal; traveler's journal; travelogue", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "綱紀", "rd": "こうき", "mn": "law and order; (official) discipline", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "絶", "g": 5, "o": 782, "f": 784, "j": null, "on": "ゼツ", "kun": "た.える、た.やす、た.つ", "m": "discontinue; sever; cut off; abstain; interrupt; suppress; be beyond; without match; peerless; unparalleled", "pm": "discontinue", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "色", "nj": "いろ", "ne": "color"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; colour; color; bound up; mosaic", "hk": "discontinue", "hs": "Thread . . . color.", "ks": "The <i>Spider-man</i> 's multi-colored tie-dye costume comic book series was <b>discontinue</b> d after only one issue because of poor sales and fan protests.", "v": [{"w": "絶対", "rd": "ぜったい", "mn": "absolutely; definitely; unconditionally", "fr": 230}, {"w": "絶対に", "rd": "ぜったいに", "mn": "absolutely; definitely; unconditionally", "fr": 925}, {"w": "絶望", "rd": "ぜつぼう", "mn": "despair; hopelessness", "fr": 2384}, {"w": "気絶", "rd": "きぜつ", "mn": "faint; fainting; losing consciousness", "fr": 4292}, {"w": "拒絶", "rd": "きょぜつ", "mn": "refusal; rejection", "fr": 4503}, {"w": "絶える", "rd": "たえる", "mn": "to die out; to peter out; to become extinct", "fr": 5691}, {"w": "絶好", "rd": "ぜっこう", "mn": "best; ideal; perfect", "fr": 5723}, {"w": "絶妙", "rd": "ぜつみょう", "mn": "exquisite; superb; perfect; miraculous", "fr": 5789}, {"w": "途絶える", "rd": "とだえる", "mn": "to stop; to cease; to come to an end; to cut off", "fr": 6179}, {"w": "絶叫", "rd": "ぜっきょう", "mn": "scream; shriek; shout; exclamation", "fr": 6816}, {"w": "絶対的", "rd": "ぜったいてき", "mn": "absolute", "fr": 7080}, {"w": "絶頂", "rd": "ぜっちょう", "mn": "top (of a mountain); summit", "fr": 8202}, {"w": "絶つ", "rd": "たつ", "mn": "to sever; to cut off", "fr": 8648}, {"w": "絶句", "rd": "ぜっく", "mn": "being lost for words; becoming speechless", "fr": 8918}, {"w": "絶賛", "rd": "ぜっさん", "mn": "high praise; great admiration; acclaim", "fr": 8923}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 85, "rp": 34, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "救", "g": 5, "o": 783, "f": 799, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "すく.う", "m": "salvation; save; help; rescue; reclaim", "pm": "salvation", "r": [{"c": "求", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "request"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "request; arrow; grains of rice; taskmaster", "hk": "salvation", "hs": "Request . . . taskmaster.", "ks": "Like in the biblical sense, someone looks skyward and makes a <i>request</i> for <b>salvation</b> from this horrible <i>taskmaster</i> …", "v": [{"w": "救う", "rd": "すくう", "mn": "to rescue (someone); to save; to help (out of a difficulty); to relieve (from)", "fr": 947}, {"w": "救われる", "rd": "すくわれる", "mn": "to be rescued; to be saved", "fr": 3111}, {"w": "救急車", "rd": "きゅうきゅうしゃ", "mn": "ambulance", "fr": 4030}, {"w": "救い", "rd": "すくい", "mn": "help; rescue; aid; relief", "fr": 4102}, {"w": "救出", "rd": "きゅうしゅつ", "mn": "rescue; extricate; reclaim; deliverance", "fr": 5816}, {"w": "救助", "rd": "きゅうじょ", "mn": "relief; aid; rescue", "fr": 9962}, {"w": "救世主", "rd": "きゅうせいしゅ", "mn": "saviour; savior; messiah", "fr": 11614}, {"w": "救済", "rd": "きゅうさい", "mn": "relief; aid; help; rescue", "fr": 12505}, {"w": "救援", "rd": "きゅうえん", "mn": "relief; rescue", "fr": 14394}, {"w": "救急", "rd": "きゅうきゅう", "mn": "first-aid; emergency (aid)", "fr": 17225}, {"w": "救世軍", "rd": "きゅうせいぐん", "mn": "Salvation Army", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "救命", "rd": "きゅうめい", "mn": "lifesaving", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "救国", "rd": "きゅうこく", "mn": "salvation of one's country", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "救急医療", "rd": "きゅうきゅういりょう", "mn": "emergency medicine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "救急箱", "rd": "きゅうきゅうばこ", "mn": "first-aid kit", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 12, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "版", "g": 5, "o": 784, "f": 802, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "", "m": "printing block; printing plate; edition; impression; label", "pm": "printing block", "r": [{"c": "片", "nj": "かた", "ne": "split wood"}, {"c": "反", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "anti-"}], "hc": "one-sided; waiter with wine on tray; anti-; demonstration; cliff; crotch", "hk": "printing block", "hs": "Although this character also carries the sense of an \"edition\" of a publication, the elements, <i>one-sided</i> and <i>anti-</i> , more readily suggest its other meaning of a <b>printing block</b>.", "ks": "Printing block has a one-sided anti-image of what's being printed.", "v": [{"w": "版", "rd": "はん", "mn": "edition; version; printing; impression; implementation (of software)", "fr": 5362}, {"w": "出版", "rd": "しゅっぱん", "mn": "publication", "fr": 8673}, {"w": "出版社", "rd": "しゅっぱんしゃ", "mn": "publisher; publishing house; publishing company", "fr": 12389}, {"w": "初版", "rd": "しょはん", "mn": "first edition", "fr": 13059}, {"w": "版画", "rd": "はんが", "mn": "woodcut; woodblock print; art print", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "凸版", "rd": "とっぱん", "mn": "letterpress; relief printing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "凸版印刷", "rd": "とっぱんいんさつ", "mn": "letterpress; relief printing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "出版物", "rd": "しゅっぱんぶつ", "mn": "publication", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "図版", "rd": "ずはん", "mn": "plate; illustration; figure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "改訂版", "rd": "かいていばん", "mn": "revised edition", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "版権", "rd": "はんけん", "mn": "copyright; publishing rights", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "銅版画", "rd": "どうはんが", "mn": "copperplate engraving; etching", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 3, "rp": 17, "l": 3, "n": "出版 片道 海岸 岸本"}}, {"k": "損", "g": 5, "o": 785, "f": 807, "j": null, "on": "ソン", "kun": "そこ.なう、そこな.う、-そこ.なう、そこ.ねる、-そこ.ねる", "m": "damage; loss; disadvantage; hurt; injure", "pm": "damage", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "員", "nj": "イン", "ne": "employee"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; employee; mouth; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "damage", "hs": "Finger . . . employee.", "ks": "Boss yells, \"Who <b>damaged</b> the Xerox machine?!\" <i>fingers</i> of <i>employees</i> point at one another.", "v": [{"w": "損", "rd": "そん", "mn": "loss; damage; harm; unprofitable", "fr": 2930}, {"w": "損ねる", "rd": "そこねる", "mn": "to harm; to hurt; to injure; to wreck", "fr": 6802}, {"w": "損傷", "rd": "そんしょう", "mn": "damage; injury", "fr": 8107}, {"w": "損なう", "rd": "そこなう", "mn": "to harm; to hurt; to injure; to damage; to spoil; to mar; to ruin", "fr": 8848}, {"w": "損失", "rd": "そんしつ", "mn": "loss (of assets, profit, etc.)", "fr": 11833}, {"w": "破損", "rd": "はそん", "mn": "damage; breakage", "fr": 12399}, {"w": "見損なう", "rd": "みそこなう", "mn": "to misjudge; to mistake; to misread", "fr": 13329}, {"w": "損害", "rd": "そんがい", "mn": "damage; injury; loss", "fr": 13609}, {"w": "損する", "rd": "そんする", "mn": "to lose (money, etc.); to suffer a loss; to miss (e.g. an opportunity); to miss ", "fr": 14672}, {"w": "欠損", "rd": "けっそん", "mn": "deficit; shortage; loss", "fr": 24296}, {"w": "損得", "rd": "そんとく", "mn": "loss and gain; advantage and disadvantage", "fr": 24898}, {"w": "損壊", "rd": "そんかい", "mn": "damage; destruction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "損害保険", "rd": "そんがいほけん", "mn": "non-life insurance; general insurance; property and casualty insurance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "損害賠償", "rd": "そんがいばいしょう", "mn": "restitution; damages; indemnity; compensation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "損益", "rd": "そんえき", "mn": "profit and loss; advantage and disadvantage", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 20, "rp": 12, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "仏", "g": 5, "o": 786, "f": 819, "j": null, "on": "ブツ、フツ", "kun": "ほとけ", "m": "Buddha; the dead; France", "pm": "Buddha", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}], "hc": "buddha; person; elbow", "hk": "Buddha", "hs": "Person . . . elbow.", "ks": "Buddha is a person who always seems to have his elbows bent.", "v": [{"w": "仏", "rd": "ふつ", "mn": "France", "fr": 13038}, {"w": "仏像", "rd": "ぶつぞう", "mn": "statue of Buddha; image of Buddha; Buddhist statue; Buddhist image", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "仏壇", "rd": "ぶつだん", "mn": "Buddhist (household) altar", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "仏教", "rd": "ぶっきょう", "mn": "Buddhism", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "仏文", "rd": "ふつぶん", "mn": "French; French writing; French literature", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "仏語", "rd": "ふつご", "mn": "French (language)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大仏", "rd": "だいぶつ", "mn": "large statue of Buddha (trad. at least 4.8m high)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "念仏", "rd": "ねんぶつ", "mn": "nembutsu; nianfo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "石仏", "rd": "せきぶつ", "mn": "stone Buddhist image", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 17, "rp": 15, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "績", "g": 5, "o": 787, "f": 820, "j": null, "on": "セキ", "kun": "", "m": "exploits; achievements; unreeling cocoons", "pm": "exploits", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "責", "nj": "セキ", "ne": "blame"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; blame; grow up; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "exploits", "hs": "Thread . . . blame.", "ks": "<i>Spidey'</i> s <b>exploits</b> are world famous but still The Daily Bugle's pages <i>blame</i> him for every problem out there.", "v": [{"w": "成績", "rd": "せいせき", "mn": "results; record; grades; marks", "fr": 2954}, {"w": "実績", "rd": "じっせき", "mn": "achievements; actual results; accomplishments; past results; track record", "fr": 6716}, {"w": "功績", "rd": "こうせき", "mn": "achievement; meritorious deed; distinguished service; contribution", "fr": 8194}, {"w": "業績", "rd": "ぎょうせき", "mn": "achievement; performance; results; work; contribution", "fr": 18446}, {"w": "紡績", "rd": "ぼうせき", "mn": "spinning (textiles)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "好成績", "rd": "こうせいせき", "mn": "good results", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "戦績", "rd": "せんせき", "mn": "war or military record; score; military achievements; results", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 6, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "築", "g": 5, "o": 788, "f": 821, "j": null, "on": "チク", "kun": "きず.く", "m": "fabricate; build; construct", "pm": "fabricate", "r": [{"c": "筑", "nj": "チク", "ne": "an ancient musical instrument"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "bamboo; barge; craft; mediocre; wind; drop; tree; wood", "hk": "fabricate", "hs": "Bamboo . . . craft . . . mediocre . . . wood/tree.", "ks": "A bamboo fabrication is a mediocre substitute for wood.", "v": [{"w": "築く", "rd": "きずく", "mn": "to build; to construct; to erect", "fr": 3295}, {"w": "構築", "rd": "こうちく", "mn": "construction; building; putting up; erecting; creation; formulation; architectur", "fr": 8749}, {"w": "建築", "rd": "けんちく", "mn": "construction; architecture (of buildings)", "fr": 11492}, {"w": "築き上げる", "rd": "きずきあげる", "mn": "to build; to construct; to put up", "fr": 13121}, {"w": "建築物", "rd": "けんちくぶつ", "mn": "building; structure", "fr": 23989}, {"w": "新築", "rd": "しんちく", "mn": "new building; new construction", "fr": 24749}, {"w": "建築士", "rd": "けんちくし", "mn": "authorized architect and builder; licensed architect; registered architect", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "建築学", "rd": "けんちくがく", "mn": "architecture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "建築家", "rd": "けんちくか", "mn": "architect", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "改築", "rd": "かいちく", "mn": "structural alteration (of a building); reconstruction; rebuilding; remodelling; ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新築マンション", "rd": "しんちくマンション", "mn": "newly built apartment house; newly built condominium", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "築地", "rd": "ついじ", "mn": "mud wall with a roof; roofed mud wall", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "築山", "rd": "つきやま", "mn": "artificial hill (in a garden)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 7, "rp": 10, "l": 1, "n": "築く 勢い"}}, {"k": "志", "g": 5, "o": 789, "f": 823, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "シリング、こころざ.す、こころざし", "m": "intention; plan; resolve; aspire; motive; hopes; shilling", "pm": "intention", "r": [{"c": "士", "nj": "さむらい", "ne": "man"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "samurai; heart", "hk": "intention", "hs": "Samurai . . . heart.", "ks": "A <i>samurai'</i> s <b>intentions</b> always come from the <i>heart</i>.", "v": [{"w": "意志", "rd": "いし", "mn": "will; volition; intention; intent; determination", "fr": 2168}, {"w": "志", "rd": "こころざし", "mn": "will; resolution; intention; ambition; aim; goal", "fr": 6845}, {"w": "同志", "rd": "どうし", "mn": "like-mindedness; (being of the) same mind; shared sentiment", "fr": 7582}, {"w": "志望", "rd": "しぼう", "mn": "wish; desire; ambition; choice", "fr": 9438}, {"w": "志願", "rd": "しがん", "mn": "aspiration; volunteering; desire; application", "fr": 12275}, {"w": "闘志", "rd": "とうし", "mn": "fighting spirit; (will to) fight", "fr": 14090}, {"w": "志す", "rd": "こころざす", "mn": "to aspire to; to aim for; to intend; to resolve", "fr": 15887}, {"w": "有志", "rd": "ゆうし", "mn": "interested person; volunteer; supporter", "fr": 22984}, {"w": "遺志", "rd": "いし", "mn": "wishes of a deceased person; dying wish", "fr": 23437}, {"w": "志向", "rd": "しこう", "mn": "intention; aim; preference (for); orientation (towards a goal)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "篤志家", "rd": "とくしか", "mn": "charitable person; philanthropist; volunteer; supporter", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 14, "rp": 13, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "混", "g": 5, "o": 790, "f": 824, "j": null, "on": "コン", "kun": "ま.じる、-ま.じり、ま.ざる、ま.ぜる、こ.む", "m": "mix; blend; confuse", "pm": "mix", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "昆", "nj": "コン", "ne": "descendants"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; descendants; sun; day; compare; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "mix", "hs": "<b>Mixed</b> marriages, this character suggests, <i>water</i> down the quality of one's <i>descendants</i>  \\- the oldest racial nonsense in the world!", "ks": "People have to <b>mix</b> their fluids (have sex), in order to create descendants.", "v": [{"w": "混乱", "rd": "こんらん", "mn": "disorder; chaos; confusion; mayhem", "fr": 1773}, {"w": "混ぜる", "rd": "まぜる", "mn": "to mix; to stir; to blend", "fr": 3727}, {"w": "混じる", "rd": "まじる", "mn": "to be mixed; to be blended with; to be combined", "fr": 4343}, {"w": "混ざる", "rd": "まざる", "mn": "to be mixed; to be blended with; to associate with; to mingle with; to join", "fr": 4805}, {"w": "混む", "rd": "こむ", "mn": "to be crowded; to be packed; to be congested; to be thronged (with)", "fr": 6733}, {"w": "混雑", "rd": "こんざつ", "mn": "congestion; crush; crowding; jam", "fr": 12628}, {"w": "混合", "rd": "こんごう", "mn": "mixing; mixture; meld", "fr": 18844}, {"w": "混同", "rd": "こんどう", "mn": "confusion; mixing; merger", "fr": 21766}, {"w": "混入", "rd": "こんにゅう", "mn": "mixing; blending; adding; adulteration", "fr": 23414}, {"w": "混血", "rd": "こんけつ", "mn": "mixed race; mixed parentage", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "混ぜ合わす", "rd": "まぜあわす", "mn": "to mix together; to blend; to compound", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "混ぜ物", "rd": "まぜもの", "mn": "mixture; adulteration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "混成", "rd": "こんせい", "mn": "mixed (e.g. team, chorus)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "混戦", "rd": "こんせん", "mn": "confused fight; free-for-all; melee", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "混紡", "rd": "こんぼう", "mn": "mixed yarn; mixed spinning", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 55, "rp": 58, "l": 9, "n": ""}}, {"k": "居", "g": 5, "o": 791, "f": 836, "j": null, "on": "キョ、コ", "kun": "い.る、-い、お.る", "m": "reside; to be; exist; live with", "pm": "reside", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "古", "nj": "コ", "ne": "old"}], "hc": "flag; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "reside", "hs": "<i>Flag</i> . . . <i>old</i>. Do not confuse with <i>dwell</i> (Frame 1027).", "ks": "A humongous <i>American flag</i> in Florida marks the place where all the <i>old</i> people <b>reside</b>.", "v": [{"w": "居場所", "rd": "いばしょ", "mn": "whereabouts; place; location", "fr": 1867}, {"w": "居る", "rd": "おる", "mn": "to be (animate); to be; to exist", "fr": 2128}, {"w": "芝居", "rd": "しばい", "mn": "play; drama", "fr": 4053}, {"w": "長居", "rd": "ながい", "mn": "long visit; overstaying", "fr": 7009}, {"w": "居心地", "rd": "いごこち", "mn": "feeling of a house or a room", "fr": 7179}, {"w": "同居", "rd": "どうきょ", "mn": "living together; coexistence", "fr": 8166}, {"w": "居眠り", "rd": "いねむり", "mn": "nodding off (while sitting); dozing", "fr": 9214}, {"w": "居合わせる", "rd": "いあわせる", "mn": "to happen to be present", "fr": 9898}, {"w": "居間", "rd": "いま", "mn": "living room (Western style); sitting room", "fr": 10326}, {"w": "居酒屋", "rd": "いざかや", "mn": "izakaya", "fr": 10707}, {"w": "居候", "rd": "いそうろう", "mn": "lodger who pays nothing for room and board; freeloader; sponger", "fr": 11209}, {"w": "住居", "rd": "じゅうきょ", "mn": "dwelling; house; residence; address", "fr": 11804}, {"w": "隠居", "rd": "いんきょ", "mn": "retirement (from work); leading a quiet life (after retirement)", "fr": 15074}, {"w": "鳥居", "rd": "とりい", "mn": "torii (Shinto shrine archway)", "fr": 20152}, {"w": "新居", "rd": "しんきょ", "mn": "new home", "fr": 20850}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 97, "rp": 42, "l": 7, "n": "居る 届ける"}}, {"k": "雑", "g": 5, "o": 792, "f": 839, "j": null, "on": "ザツ、ゾウ", "kun": "まじ.える、まじ.る", "m": "miscellaneous", "pm": "miscellaneous", "r": [{"c": "九", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "nine"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "nine; baseball; tree; wood; turkey", "hk": "miscellaneous", "hs": "Baseball . . . trees . . . turkey.", "ks": "Newscast: \"Among today's <b>miscellaneous</b> stories, we have a report on a <i>baseball</i> team that was chased up a <i>tree</i> by a <i>turkey</i>. Stay tuned for this and more!\".", "v": [{"w": "複雑", "rd": "ふくざつ", "mn": "complex; complicated; intricate; mixed (feelings)", "fr": 1960}, {"w": "雑誌", "rd": "ざっし", "mn": "magazine; journal; periodical", "fr": 3049}, {"w": "雑", "rd": "ざつ", "mn": "rough; crude; sloppy; messy", "fr": 5666}, {"w": "雑談", "rd": "ざつだん", "mn": "chatting; idle talk", "fr": 7985}, {"w": "雑草", "rd": "ざっそう", "mn": "weed", "fr": 11799}, {"w": "混雑", "rd": "こんざつ", "mn": "congestion; crush; crowding; jam", "fr": 12628}, {"w": "雑音", "rd": "ざつおん", "mn": "noise (usu. unpleasant)", "fr": 13681}, {"w": "雑巾", "rd": "ぞうきん", "mn": "house-cloth; dust cloth", "fr": 14132}, {"w": "大雑把", "rd": "おおざっぱ", "mn": "rough (estimate, summary, etc.); broad; general; sweeping; loose", "fr": 14570}, {"w": "乱雑", "rd": "らんざつ", "mn": "disorder; confusion; clutter; mess; muddle; disarray", "fr": 16945}, {"w": "雑踏", "rd": "ざっとう", "mn": "hustle and bustle; throng; crowd; congestion; traffic jam", "fr": 18771}, {"w": "雑貨", "rd": "ざっか", "mn": "miscellaneous goods; general goods; sundries", "fr": 23454}, {"w": "煩雑", "rd": "はんざつ", "mn": "complex; intricate; complicated; confused; troublesome; vexatious; cumbersome", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "複雑さ", "rd": "ふくざつさ", "mn": "complexity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雑居", "rd": "ざっきょ", "mn": "living together; mixed residence; sharing living quarters", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 47, "rp": 67, "l": 11, "n": ""}}, {"k": "招", "g": 5, "o": 793, "f": 840, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "まね.く", "m": "beckon; invite; summon; engage", "pm": "beckon", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "召", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "seduce"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; summon; seduce; sword; dagger; mouth", "hk": "beckon", "hs": "Finger . . . seduce.", "ks": "The siren gently beckons you with her finger and seduces you to to your death.", "v": [{"w": "招く", "rd": "まねく", "mn": "to invite; to ask", "fr": 2313}, {"w": "招待", "rd": "しょうたい", "mn": "invitation", "fr": 4153}, {"w": "手招き", "rd": "てまねき", "mn": "beckoning", "fr": 9556}, {"w": "招集", "rd": "しょうしゅう", "mn": "call; summons; convening; convocation", "fr": 12624}, {"w": "招き", "rd": "まねき", "mn": "invitation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "招致", "rd": "しょうち", "mn": "invitation; summons; bidding (e.g. to host the Olympics); calling", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "招請", "rd": "しょうせい", "mn": "invitation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 32, "rp": 52, "l": 9, "n": "招待 照れる 捨てる"}}, {"k": "永", "g": 5, "o": 794, "f": 846, "j": null, "on": "エイ", "kun": "なが.い", "m": "eternity; long; lengthy", "pm": "eternity", "r": [{"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}, {"c": "水", "nj": "みず", "ne": "water"}], "hc": "drop; water", "hk": "eternity", "hs": "This kanji also uses the full form of <i>water</i> , though its meaning seems to have nothing at all to do with <i>water</i>. Remember what William Blake said about seeing  \"infinity in a grain of sand and <b>eternity</b> in an hour \"? Well, reading this character from top to bottom, we see \" <b>eternity</b> in a <i>drop of water</i>. \"", "ks": "It would take an <b>eternity</b> to count all the drops of water.", "v": [{"w": "永遠", "rd": "えいえん", "mn": "eternity; perpetuity; permanence; immortality", "fr": 1584}, {"w": "永久", "rd": "えいきゅう", "mn": "eternity; permanence; perpetuity", "fr": 6639}, {"w": "永代", "rd": "えいたい", "mn": "permanence; eternity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "永住", "rd": "えいじゅう", "mn": "permanent residence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "永続", "rd": "えいぞく", "mn": "permanence; continuation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 28, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": "永久 泳ぐ 氷 水"}}, {"k": "刊", "g": 5, "o": 795, "f": 855, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "", "m": "publish; carve; engrave", "pm": "publish", "r": [{"c": "干", "nj": "かん", "ne": "to dry"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "dry; clothesline; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "publish", "hs": "Dry . . . saber.", "ks": "The newspaper pages are hung on the <i>clotheseline</i> to dry and then cut down with a <i>sabre</i> to be <b>publish</b> ed.", "v": [{"w": "週刊誌", "rd": "しゅうかんし", "mn": "weekly (publication); weekly magazine; weekly journal", "fr": 14476}, {"w": "週刊", "rd": "しゅうかん", "mn": "weekly publication", "fr": 17470}, {"w": "新刊", "rd": "しんかん", "mn": "new book; new publication", "fr": 17716}, {"w": "刊行", "rd": "かんこう", "mn": "publication; issue", "fr": 18497}, {"w": "月刊", "rd": "げっかん", "mn": "monthly publication; monthly issue", "fr": 20836}, {"w": "創刊", "rd": "そうかん", "mn": "foundation (of a newspaper, magazine, etc.); starting; launching; first publicat", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "夕刊", "rd": "ゆうかん", "mn": "evening edition (of a daily newspaper); evening paper", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "季刊", "rd": "きかん", "mn": "quarterly publication", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "休刊", "rd": "きゅうかん", "mn": "suspension of publication", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "年刊", "rd": "ねんかん", "mn": "annual publication", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "日刊", "rd": "にっかん", "mn": "daily publication; daily issue", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "朝刊", "rd": "ちょうかん", "mn": "morning edition (of a daily newspaper); morning paper", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "発刊", "rd": "はっかん", "mn": "publication; issue; launching (a publication)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 15, "rp": 14, "l": 3, "n": "週刊 権利 判断"}}, {"k": "像", "g": 5, "o": 796, "f": 856, "j": null, "on": "ゾウ", "kun": "", "m": "statue; picture; image; figure; portrait", "pm": "statue", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "象", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "elephant"}], "hc": "person; elephant; colour; color; bound up; sow; pig", "hk": "statue", "hs": "Person . . . elephant.", "ks": "The <b>statue</b> of liberty is being replaced by a <b>statue</b> of <i>Mr. T</i> riding an <i>elephant</i>.", "v": [{"w": "想像", "rd": "そうぞう", "mn": "imagination; supposition; guess", "fr": 786}, {"w": "映像", "rd": "えいぞう", "mn": "image (on a screen); picture (e.g. on a TV)", "fr": 2202}, {"w": "像", "rd": "ぞう", "mn": "image; figure; statue; picture; portrait", "fr": 4824}, {"w": "画像", "rd": "がぞう", "mn": "image; picture; portrait", "fr": 4990}, {"w": "想像力", "rd": "そうぞうりょく", "mn": "(power of) imagination", "fr": 8642}, {"w": "彫像", "rd": "ちょうぞう", "mn": "(carved) statue; sculpture", "fr": 21575}, {"w": "仏像", "rd": "ぶつぞう", "mn": "statue of Buddha; image of Buddha; Buddhist statue; Buddhist image", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "現像", "rd": "げんぞう", "mn": "development (of film); photographic processing", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "プロフィール画像", "rd": "プロフィールがぞう", "mn": "profile picture; profile pic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "人間像", "rd": "にんげんぞう", "mn": "image of (an ideal) person", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "偶像", "rd": "ぐうぞう", "mn": "image; idol; statue", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "受像", "rd": "じゅぞう", "mn": "(television) reception; receiving (a picture)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "実像", "rd": "じつぞう", "mn": "real image", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "将来像", "rd": "しょうらいぞう", "mn": "vision of the future", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "群像", "rd": "ぐんぞう", "mn": "lively group (esp. of young people); dynamic bunch", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 52, "rp": 5, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "賛", "g": 5, "o": 797, "f": 868, "j": null, "on": "サン", "kun": "たす.ける、たた.える", "m": "approve; praise; title or inscription on picture; assist; agree with", "pm": "approve", "r": [{"c": "夫", "nj": "フ", "ne": "husband"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "husband; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "approve", "hs": "Two husbands . . . shells.", "ks": "Out of two potential <i>husbands</i> , which would you <b>approve</b> of? Well, the one with <i>shells</i> (money) of course!!!", "v": [{"w": "賛成", "rd": "さんせい", "mn": "approval; agreement; support; favour; favor", "fr": 2942}, {"w": "賛同", "rd": "さんどう", "mn": "approval; endorsement", "fr": 7889}, {"w": "絶賛", "rd": "ぜっさん", "mn": "high praise; great admiration; acclaim", "fr": 8923}, {"w": "賞賛", "rd": "しょうさん", "mn": "praise; admiration; commendation; approbation; applause", "fr": 13026}, {"w": "称賛", "rd": "しょうさん", "mn": "praise; admiration; commendation; approbation; applause", "fr": 13977}, {"w": "賛辞", "rd": "さんじ", "mn": "eulogy; compliment", "fr": 21324}, {"w": "賛美", "rd": "さんび", "mn": "praise; glorification; extolment", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "協賛", "rd": "きょうさん", "mn": "support; mutual aid; cooperation; approval; authorization; authorisation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賛", "rd": "さん", "mn": "praise; tribute", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賛助", "rd": "さんじょ", "mn": "support; patronage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賛否", "rd": "さんぴ", "mn": "yes and no; for and against", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賛意", "rd": "さんい", "mn": "approval; assent", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賛歌", "rd": "さんか", "mn": "song of praise; eulogy; paean; hymn", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "犯", "g": 5, "o": 798, "f": 874, "j": null, "on": "ハン、ボン", "kun": "おか.す", "m": "crime; sin; offense", "pm": "crime", "r": [{"c": "犭", "nj": "けものへん", "ne": "beast"}, {"c": "㔾", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "pack of wild dogs; fingerprint", "hk": "crime", "hs": "Wild dogs . . . fingerprint.", "ks": "<b>Crime</b> s can often be solved using the tools of dogs and fingerprints.", "v": [{"w": "犯人", "rd": "はんにん", "mn": "offender; criminal; culprit", "fr": 1589}, {"w": "犯す", "rd": "おかす", "mn": "to commit (e.g. crime); to perpetrate; to make (e.g. mistake)", "fr": 2647}, {"w": "犯罪", "rd": "はんざい", "mn": "crime; offence; offense", "fr": 2834}, {"w": "犯罪者", "rd": "はんざいしゃ", "mn": "criminal; culprit", "fr": 4517}, {"w": "犯行", "rd": "はんこう", "mn": "crime; criminal act; offence; offense", "fr": 5634}, {"w": "共犯", "rd": "きょうはん", "mn": "complicity", "fr": 13412}, {"w": "防犯", "rd": "ぼうはん", "mn": "prevention of crime", "fr": 14300}, {"w": "防犯カメラ", "rd": "ぼうはんカメラ", "mn": "security camera", "fr": 16067}, {"w": "現行犯", "rd": "げんこうはん", "mn": "flagrante delicto; caught red-handed", "fr": 19536}, {"w": "主犯", "rd": "しゅはん", "mn": "principal offence; principal offense; principal offender", "fr": 22239}, {"w": "侵犯", "rd": "しんぱん", "mn": "violation (of foreign territory, rights, etc.); invasion; infringement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "戦犯", "rd": "せんぱん", "mn": "war criminal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "政治犯", "rd": "せいじはん", "mn": "political offense; political offence; political crime", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 79, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "布", "g": 5, "o": 799, "f": 877, "j": null, "on": "フ、ホ", "kun": "ぬの、し.く、きれ", "m": "linen; cloth; spread; distribute", "pm": "linen", "r": [{"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}], "hc": "by one’s side; towel", "hk": "linen", "hs": "The maid, <i>towels by her side</i> , distributes the <b>linen</b>.", "ks": "A matador holding his red <b>linen</b> by his side.", "v": [{"w": "布団", "rd": "ふとん", "mn": "futon", "fr": 2873}, {"w": "財布", "rd": "さいふ", "mn": "wallet; purse; coin purse; billfold; pocketbook", "fr": 3247}, {"w": "布", "rd": "ぬの", "mn": "cloth; fabric; material; textile", "fr": 3621}, {"w": "毛布", "rd": "もうふ", "mn": "blanket", "fr": 7369}, {"w": "布地", "rd": "ぬのじ", "mn": "fabric; cloth; material", "fr": 13529}, {"w": "配布", "rd": "はいふ", "mn": "distribution", "fr": 16003}, {"w": "座布団", "rd": "ざぶとん", "mn": "zabuton", "fr": 16149}, {"w": "布陣", "rd": "ふじん", "mn": "battle formation", "fr": 20841}, {"w": "布石", "rd": "ふせき", "mn": "strategic arrangement of go stones at the beginning of a game; opening moves", "fr": 21682}, {"w": "昆布", "rd": "こんぶ", "mn": "kombu (usu. Saccharina japonica); konbu; kelp", "fr": 23462}, {"w": "分布", "rd": "ぶんぷ", "mn": "distribution", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "布告", "rd": "ふこく", "mn": "edict; ordinance; proclamation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "布巾", "rd": "ふきん", "mn": "dish towel; tea towel; dishcloth", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "公布", "rd": "こうふ", "mn": "official proclamation; announcement; promulgation (e.g. of regulations)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塗布", "rd": "とふ", "mn": "application (of ointment, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 63, "rp": 45, "l": 7, "n": "布団 怖い 都市"}}, {"k": "属", "g": 5, "o": 800, "f": 912, "j": null, "on": "ゾク、ショク", "kun": "さかん、つく、やから", "m": "belong; genus; subordinate official; affiliated", "pm": "belong", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "禹", "nj": "ウ", "ne": "name of a Chinese emperor"}], "hc": "flag; gnats; drop; insect; belt", "hk": "belong", "hs": "<i>Flag</i> . . . <i>gnats</i> (see frame 563) . . . with a <i>belt</i>.", "ks": "These bugs <b>BELONG</b> TO an extremist group promoting insect independence. They are parading the FLAG of their group, the Nationalist GNATS, and wearing explosives BELTS for their planned terrorist war.", "v": [{"w": "所属", "rd": "しょぞく", "mn": "belonging to (a group, organization, etc.); affiliation (with); being attached t", "fr": 3341}, {"w": "金属", "rd": "きんぞく", "mn": "metal", "fr": 5521}, {"w": "属する", "rd": "ぞくする", "mn": "to belong to; to come under; to be affiliated with; to be subject to", "fr": 7792}, {"w": "専属", "rd": "せんぞく", "mn": "exclusive; attached to; specialist", "fr": 10688}, {"w": "配属", "rd": "はいぞく", "mn": "assignment (of a person to somewhere); attachment (of a person to another unit, ", "fr": 11157}, {"w": "直属", "rd": "ちょくぞく", "mn": "direct control; direct supervision", "fr": 13451}, {"w": "付属", "rd": "ふぞく", "mn": "being attached (to); being affiliated (to); belonging (to); going with", "fr": 18816}, {"w": "附属", "rd": "ふぞく", "mn": "being attached (to); being affiliated (to); belonging (to); going with", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "帰属", "rd": "きぞく", "mn": "belonging; ascription; attribution; imputation; possession; jurisdiction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "従属", "rd": "じゅうぞく", "mn": "subordination; dependency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "無所属", "rd": "むしょぞく", "mn": "independent (esp. in politics); non-partisan", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貴金属", "rd": "ききんぞく", "mn": "precious metal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "軍属", "rd": "ぐんぞく", "mn": "civilian in military employ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "非鉄金属", "rd": "ひてつきんぞく", "mn": "non-ferrous metal", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "複", "g": 5, "o": 801, "f": 915, "j": null, "on": "フク", "kun": "", "m": "duplicate; double; compound; multiple", "pm": "duplicate", "r": [{"c": "衤", "nj": "ころもへん", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "复", "nj": "", "ne": "return"}], "hc": "cloak; fold back; double back; reclining; lying down; sun; day; walking legs", "hk": "duplicate", "hs": "In its original and etymologically transparent sense, to <b>duplicate</b> something means to <i>double</i> it <i>back</i> with a fold, like the fold of a <i>cloak</i>.", "ks": "My girlfiend saw someone wearing the exact same (duplicate) outfit at a party, so she doubled back to change!", "v": [{"w": "複雑", "rd": "ふくざつ", "mn": "complex; complicated; intricate; mixed (feelings)", "fr": 1960}, {"w": "複数", "rd": "ふくすう", "mn": "plural; multiple", "fr": 3387}, {"w": "複製", "rd": "ふくせい", "mn": "reproduction; duplication; reprinting", "fr": 7507}, {"w": "複写", "rd": "ふくしゃ", "mn": "copying; duplication; reproduction; copy", "fr": 20980}, {"w": "複合", "rd": "ふくごう", "mn": "composite; combined; complex", "fr": 21643}, {"w": "重複", "rd": "じゅうふく", "mn": "duplication; repetition; overlapping; redundancy; restoration", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "複利", "rd": "ふくり", "mn": "compound interest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "複雑さ", "rd": "ふくざつさ", "mn": "complexity", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "似", "g": 5, "o": 802, "f": 923, "j": null, "on": "ジ", "kun": "に.る、ひ.る", "m": "becoming; resemble; counterfeit; imitate; suitable", "pm": "becoming", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "以", "nj": "イ", "ne": "by means of"}], "hc": "becoming; person; by means of; plow; drop; person", "hk": "similar", "hs": "Be sure to keep this key word distinct from <i>likeness</i> (Frame 104). Its elements: <i>person</i> . . . <i>by means of</i>.", "ks": "<b>Mr. T</b> finds that living <b>by means of</b> dragging a <b>plow</b> is <i>similar</i> to slavery.", "v": [{"w": "似る", "rd": "にる", "mn": "to resemble; to look like; to be like; to be alike; to be similar; to take after", "fr": 501}, {"w": "似合う", "rd": "にあう", "mn": "to suit; to match; to become; to be like", "fr": 933}, {"w": "真似", "rd": "まね", "mn": "imitating; copying; mimicry", "fr": 3045}, {"w": "真似る", "rd": "まねる", "mn": "to mimic; to imitate", "fr": 11980}, {"w": "似せる", "rd": "にせる", "mn": "to copy; to imitate; to counterfeit; to forge", "fr": 18229}, {"w": "酷似", "rd": "こくじ", "mn": "resembling closely; being strikingly similar; bearing a strong likeness", "fr": 19427}, {"w": "似顔絵", "rd": "にがおえ", "mn": "portrait; likeness; sketch (of a face)", "fr": 19564}, {"w": "似合い", "rd": "にあい", "mn": "well-matched (esp. of a couple); becoming; suitable", "fr": 19993}, {"w": "疑似", "rd": "ぎじ", "mn": "pseudo; quasi; false; para-; mock; sham", "fr": 22093}, {"w": "似通う", "rd": "にかよう", "mn": "to resemble closely", "fr": 23196}, {"w": "類似", "rd": "るいじ", "mn": "resemblance; similarity; likeness; analogy", "fr": 24319}, {"w": "似顔", "rd": "にがお", "mn": "portrait; likeness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "相似", "rd": "そうじ", "mn": "resemblance; likeness; similitude", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 195, "rp": 16, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "迷", "g": 5, "o": 803, "f": 942, "j": null, "on": "メイ", "kun": "まよ.う", "m": "astray; be perplexed; in doubt; lost; err; illusion", "pm": "astray", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "rice; road", "hk": "astray", "hs": "Road . . . United States.", "ks": "The <i>road</i> that the <i>USA</i> is heading down is, well… let's just say that they're <b>astray</b> …", "v": [{"w": "迷惑", "rd": "めいわく", "mn": "trouble; bother; annoyance; nuisance; inconvenience", "fr": 846}, {"w": "迷う", "rd": "まよう", "mn": "to lose one's way; to get lost; to go astray", "fr": 1024}, {"w": "迷い", "rd": "まよい", "mn": "hesitation; bewilderment; perplexity; doubt; indecision", "fr": 3178}, {"w": "迷子", "rd": "まいご", "mn": "lost child; lost person; stray child; missing child", "fr": 6435}, {"w": "迷路", "rd": "めいろ", "mn": "maze; labyrinth", "fr": 10998}, {"w": "迷宮", "rd": "めいきゅう", "mn": "labyrinth; maze", "fr": 12021}, {"w": "迷信", "rd": "めいしん", "mn": "superstition; superstitious belief", "fr": 15713}, {"w": "低迷", "rd": "ていめい", "mn": "hanging low (of clouds)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "混迷", "rd": "こんめい", "mn": "turmoil; chaos; confusion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "迷彩", "rd": "めいさい", "mn": "camouflage; disguise", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "迷惑行為", "rd": "めいわくこうい", "mn": "disruptive behaviour; harassment; abusive behaviour", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 70, "rp": 29, "l": 4, "n": "迷う 述べる"}}, {"k": "夢", "g": 5, "o": 804, "f": 943, "j": null, "on": "ム、ボウ", "kun": "ゆめ、ゆめ.みる、くら.い", "m": "dream; vision; illusion", "pm": "dream", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "夕", "nj": "ゆうべ", "ne": "evening"}], "hc": "flowers; eye; cross-eyed; net; crown; evening", "hk": "dream", "hs": "To have a <b>dream</b> after going to bed is really the <i>crown</i> to a perfect <i>evening</i>. The <i>flower</i> petals over the <i>eyes</i> (instead of the  \"sand\" that Westerners are used to finding there when they awake in the morning) only confirms the image of a pleasant <b>dream</b> suggested by the rest of this rather complex kanji.", "ks": "Sweet dream s like flowers for the eye are the crown of a perfect evening.", "v": [{"w": "夢", "rd": "ゆめ", "mn": "dream", "fr": 328}, {"w": "夢中", "rd": "むちゅう", "mn": "absorbed in; immersed in; crazy about; obsessed with; devoted to", "fr": 2027}, {"w": "悪夢", "rd": "あくむ", "mn": "nightmare; bad dream", "fr": 4667}, {"w": "夢想", "rd": "むそう", "mn": "dream; vision; reverie", "fr": 19069}, {"w": "初夢", "rd": "はつゆめ", "mn": "first dream of the New year (believed to foretell one's luck)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "夢にも", "rd": "ゆめにも", "mn": "(not) in the slightest; (not) at all", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "夢幻", "rd": "むげん", "mn": "dreams; fantasy; visions", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 229, "rp": 12, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "燃", "g": 5, "o": 805, "f": 948, "j": null, "on": "ネン", "kun": "も.える、も.やす、も.す", "m": "burn; blaze; glow", "pm": "burn", "r": [{"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}, {"c": "然", "nj": "ゼン", "ne": "sort of thing"}], "hc": "fire; sort of thing; moon; crescent moon; month; flesh; part of the body; chihuahua; dog; large; drop; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "burn", "hs": "<i>Hearth</i> . . . <i>sort of thing</i>. Beware of letting the simple reading off of the primitive elements do your work for you. Unless you make a vivid image of something <b>burning</b> and relate it just as vividly to those primitive meanings, you can count on forgetting this character very quickly.", "ks": "Any sort of thing can <b>burn</b> in the fire.", "v": [{"w": "燃える", "rd": "もえる", "mn": "to burn; to get fired up", "fr": 1752}, {"w": "燃やす", "rd": "もやす", "mn": "to burn", "fr": 3405}, {"w": "燃え上がる", "rd": "もえあがる", "mn": "to flare up; to burst into flames", "fr": 7747}, {"w": "燃料", "rd": "ねんりょう", "mn": "fuel", "fr": 9598}, {"w": "燃焼", "rd": "ねんしょう", "mn": "burning; combustion", "fr": 21774}, {"w": "不燃物", "rd": "ふねんぶつ", "mn": "non-inflammables; incombustible (usu. waste)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "再燃", "rd": "さいねん", "mn": "recurrence; revival; resuscitation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "可燃性", "rd": "かねんせい", "mn": "combustibility; inflammability", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "可燃物", "rd": "かねんぶつ", "mn": "combustibles; inflammables; flammables; burnables", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核燃料", "rd": "かくねんりょう", "mn": "nuclear fuel", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "燃費", "rd": "ねんぴ", "mn": "fuel consumption; gas mileage", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 149, "rp": 11, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "災", "g": 5, "o": 806, "f": 976, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "わざわ.い", "m": "disaster; calamity; woe; curse; evil", "pm": "disaster", "r": [{"c": "巛", "nj": "まがりがわ", "ne": "winding river"}, {"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "stream; flood; fire", "hk": "disaster", "hs": "Of all of nature's <b>disasters</b> , this kanji picks out two of the worst: <i>floods</i> and <i>fires</i>. To recall the disposition of the elements, think of nature's solution to nature's own problem: a great <i>flood</i> pouring down over a great forest <i>fire</i>.", "ks": "What a <b>disaster</b>! First a FIRE, then on top of it came FLOODs.", "v": [{"w": "災難", "rd": "さいなん", "mn": "calamity; misfortune; disaster", "fr": 7524}, {"w": "災い", "rd": "わざわい", "mn": "disaster; calamity; misfortune; trouble; woes", "fr": 8249}, {"w": "災害", "rd": "さいがい", "mn": "calamity; disaster; misfortune", "fr": 11512}, {"w": "火災", "rd": "かさい", "mn": "conflagration; fire", "fr": 13155}, {"w": "天災", "rd": "てんさい", "mn": "natural disaster; natural calamity; act of God", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "戦災", "rd": "せんさい", "mn": "war damage", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "労災", "rd": "ろうさい", "mn": "work-related injury; work-related illness; work-related death; on-the-job accide", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大震災", "rd": "だいしんさい", "mn": "great earthquake (disaster); highly destructive earthquake", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "火災保険", "rd": "かさいほけん", "mn": "fire insurance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "被災", "rd": "ひさい", "mn": "suffering (from a disaster); being hit (by an earthquake, typhoon, etc.); fallin", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "被災者", "rd": "ひさいしゃ", "mn": "person affected by a disaster; afflicted person; victim; sufferer; survivor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "防災", "rd": "ぼうさい", "mn": "disaster preparedness; prevention of damage resulting from a natural disaster; p", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "震災", "rd": "しんさい", "mn": "earthquake disaster", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "貸", "g": 5, "o": 807, "f": 995, "j": null, "on": "タイ", "kun": "か.す、か.し-、かし-", "m": "lend", "pm": "lend", "r": [{"c": "代", "nj": "ダイ", "ne": "substitute"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "substitute; person; arrow; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "lend", "hs": "Substitute . . . shells/money.", "ks": "In order for the bank to <b>lend</b> you <i>money</i> , you need to put up some sort of collateral as a <i>substitute</i> for the <i>money</i>.", "v": [{"w": "貸す", "rd": "かす", "mn": "to lend; to loan", "fr": 724}, {"w": "貸し", "rd": "かし", "mn": "loan; lending; hire; rental; lease", "fr": 10360}, {"w": "貸し出す", "rd": "かしだす", "mn": "to lend; to loan; to let out on hire", "fr": 15993}, {"w": "貸し出し", "rd": "かしだし", "mn": "lending; loaning", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "貸家", "rd": "かしや", "mn": "house for rent", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "貸間", "rd": "かしま", "mn": "room to let; room for rent", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "貸し切り", "rd": "かしきり", "mn": "reserving (for exclusive use); (full) booking; chartering; block reservation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貸与", "rd": "たいよ", "mn": "loan; lending", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貸付", "rd": "かしつけ", "mn": "loan", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貸借", "rd": "たいしゃく", "mn": "loan; debit and credit; lending and borrowing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貸出", "rd": "かしだし", "mn": "lending; loaning", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貸出用", "rd": "かしだしよう", "mn": "circulation or lending (e.g. library books)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貸金", "rd": "かしきん", "mn": "loan; advance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賃貸", "rd": "ちんたい", "mn": "leasing (out); renting out; hiring out; letting", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 78, "rp": 68, "l": 13, "n": ""}}, {"k": "堂", "g": 5, "o": 808, "f": 1010, "j": null, "on": "ドウ", "kun": "", "m": "public chamber; hall", "pm": "public chamber", "r": [{"c": "尚", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "esteem"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "outhouse; small; little; crown; mouth; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "hall", "hs": "Outhouse . . . land.", "ks": "There is a secret hall buried in the soil underneath the outhouse.", "v": [{"w": "堂々", "rd": "どうどう", "mn": "magnificent; grand; impressive; dignified; majestic; imposing; stately", "fr": 2042}, {"w": "食堂", "rd": "しょくどう", "mn": "dining room; dining hall; cafeteria; canteen; messroom", "fr": 4599}, {"w": "堂", "rd": "どう", "mn": "temple; shrine; chapel", "fr": 8271}, {"w": "講堂", "rd": "こうどう", "mn": "auditorium; lecture hall", "fr": 24049}, {"w": "議事堂", "rd": "ぎじどう", "mn": "assembly hall; parliament house; diet building; capitol; houses of parliament; c", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一堂", "rd": "いちどう", "mn": "one building (hall, temple, shrine, room)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "会堂", "rd": "かいどう", "mn": "church; chapel; synagogue; tabernacle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公会堂", "rd": "こうかいどう", "mn": "town hall; public hall", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国会議事堂", "rd": "こっかいぎじどう", "mn": "parliament building; parliament house; National Diet Building (Japan); (US) Capi", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "本堂", "rd": "ほんどう", "mn": "main hall (of a Buddhist temple); main temple", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "殿堂", "rd": "でんどう", "mn": "palace; hall", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "聖堂", "rd": "せいどう", "mn": "(Confucian) temple; church; sanctuary", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 213, "rp": 32, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "謝", "g": 5, "o": 809, "f": 1028, "j": null, "on": "シャ", "kun": "あやま.る", "m": "apologize; thank; refuse", "pm": "apologize", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "射", "nj": "シャ", "ne": "shoot"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; shoot bang bang; somebody; nose; glue", "hk": "apologize", "hs": "Words . . . shoot.", "ks": "Dick Cheney…", "v": [{"w": "謝る", "rd": "あやまる", "mn": "to apologize (apologise)", "fr": 630}, {"w": "感謝", "rd": "かんしゃ", "mn": "thanks; gratitude; appreciation; thankfulness", "fr": 680}, {"w": "謝罪", "rd": "しゃざい", "mn": "apology", "fr": 3294}, {"w": "謝礼", "rd": "しゃれい", "mn": "reward; honorarium; remuneration", "fr": 20835}, {"w": "月謝", "rd": "げっしゃ", "mn": "monthly tuition fee", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "代謝", "rd": "たいしゃ", "mn": "metabolism", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慰謝", "rd": "いしゃ", "mn": "consolation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新陳代謝", "rd": "しんちんたいしゃ", "mn": "renewal; replacement; regeneration; rejuvenation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "謝意", "rd": "しゃい", "mn": "gratitude; thanks", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陳謝", "rd": "ちんしゃ", "mn": "apology", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "仮", "g": 5, "o": 810, "f": 1039, "j": null, "on": "カ、ケ", "kun": "かり、かり-", "m": "sham; temporary; interim; assumed (name); informal", "pm": "sham", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "反", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "anti-"}], "hc": "sham; person; anti-; demonstration; cliff; crotch", "hk": "provisional", "hs": "Person . . . anti-.", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> is <i>anti</i> anything <b>provisional</b>. \"I pity da foo' who's so indecisive that he can't make nothin' permanent\".", "v": [{"w": "仮に", "rd": "かりに", "mn": "supposing; even if; granting that; for argument's sake", "fr": 2194}, {"w": "仮面", "rd": "かめん", "mn": "mask", "fr": 5349}, {"w": "仮", "rd": "かり", "mn": "temporary; provisional; interim; tentative", "fr": 5882}, {"w": "仮定", "rd": "かてい", "mn": "assumption; supposition; hypothesis", "fr": 8978}, {"w": "仮説", "rd": "かせつ", "mn": "hypothesis; supposition; assumption; tentative theory", "fr": 9229}, {"w": "仮装", "rd": "かそう", "mn": "costume; fancy dress; masquerade; disguise", "fr": 18864}, {"w": "仮想", "rd": "かそう", "mn": "imagination; supposition; virtual; potential (enemy)", "fr": 20833}, {"w": "仮令", "rd": "たとえ", "mn": "even if; no matter (what); if; though; although; supposing; supposing that; -eve", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "仮名", "rd": "かな", "mn": "kana; Japanese syllabaries (i.e. hiragana and katakana)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "仮名遣い", "rd": "かなづかい", "mn": "kana orthography; syllabary spelling", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "平仮名", "rd": "ひらがな", "mn": "hiragana", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "振り仮名", "rd": "ふりがな", "mn": "furigana", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "送り仮名", "rd": "おくりがな", "mn": "kana written after a kanji to complete the full (usually kun) reading of the wor", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "仮処分", "rd": "かりしょぶん", "mn": "provisional disposition; temporary injunction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "仮称", "rd": "かしょう", "mn": "temporary name; provisional name", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 12, "rp": 23, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "快", "g": 5, "o": 811, "f": 1074, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "こころよ.い", "m": "cheerful; pleasant; agreeable; comfortable", "pm": "cheerful", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "夬", "nj": "カイ", "ne": "decide"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; guillotine; key; St. Bernard", "hk": "cheerful", "hs": "State of mind . . . guillotine.", "ks": "A large crowd in a <b>cheerful</b> <i>state of mind</i> applaude each criminal as they become victims of the <i>guillotine</i>.", "v": [{"w": "不快", "rd": "ふかい", "mn": "displeasure; discomfort; unpleasantness", "fr": 4915}, {"w": "愉快", "rd": "ゆかい", "mn": "pleasant; delightful; enjoyable; joyful; cheerful; amusing; happy", "fr": 5040}, {"w": "快感", "rd": "かいかん", "mn": "pleasant feeling; pleasant sensation; pleasure", "fr": 5053}, {"w": "不愉快", "rd": "ふゆかい", "mn": "unpleasant; disagreeable; displeasing; uncomfortable; unhappy", "fr": 5930}, {"w": "快楽", "rd": "かいらく", "mn": "pleasure", "fr": 6080}, {"w": "快適", "rd": "かいてき", "mn": "pleasant; agreeable; comfortable", "fr": 6429}, {"w": "快い", "rd": "こころよい", "mn": "pleasant; agreeable; comfortable; refreshing", "fr": 7592}, {"w": "豪快", "rd": "ごうかい", "mn": "hearty; tremendous; magnificent; glorious; splendid; heroic; stirring", "fr": 8139}, {"w": "軽快", "rd": "けいかい", "mn": "light (of movements); nimble; sprightly; springy", "fr": 11428}, {"w": "快晴", "rd": "かいせい", "mn": "clear weather; cloudless weather; good weather", "fr": 16526}, {"w": "快活", "rd": "かいかつ", "mn": "cheerful; lively; lighthearted", "fr": 16722}, {"w": "爽快", "rd": "そうかい", "mn": "refreshing; exhilarating; invigorating; bracing", "fr": 16973}, {"w": "明快", "rd": "めいかい", "mn": "clear; clear-cut; lucid; unequivocal; explicit", "fr": 20864}, {"w": "全快", "rd": "ぜんかい", "mn": "complete recovery of health", "fr": 24664}, {"w": "快勝", "rd": "かいしょう", "mn": "sweeping victory; easy victory", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 13, "rp": 9, "l": 1, "n": "快適 決める"}}, {"k": "貯", "g": 5, "o": 812, "f": 1100, "j": null, "on": "チョ", "kun": "た.める、たくわ.える", "m": "savings; store; lay in; keep; wear mustache", "pm": "savings", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "宁", "nj": "チョ", "ne": "calm"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; house; street; nail; spike", "hk": "savings", "hs": "To avoid confusing this frame with the last one, try to think of <b>savings</b> as actual money. The only difference is that our currency is not paper bills but <i>shells</i> , a not uncommon unit of exchange in older civilizations. The <i>nail</i> under the roof of the <i>house</i> points to a hiding place in the rafters on which one strings up one's <i>shells</i> for safekeeping.", "ks": "It takes a lot more than one <i>clam</i> of <b>savings</b> to buy a <i>house</i> on a <i>street</i>.", "v": [{"w": "貯金", "rd": "ちょきん", "mn": "putting money aside; savings; deposit (e.g. in a bank)", "fr": 7354}, {"w": "貯蓄", "rd": "ちょちく", "mn": "savings", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "貯蔵", "rd": "ちょぞう", "mn": "storage; preservation; stocking; stockpiling", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "貯水", "rd": "ちょすい", "mn": "storage of water", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貯水池", "rd": "ちょすいち", "mn": "reservoir", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "郵貯", "rd": "ゆうちょ", "mn": "postal (post-office) savings (deposit)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "預貯金", "rd": "よちょきん", "mn": "deposits and savings; bank account", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 12, "rp": 16, "l": 2, "n": "貯える 預ける"}}, {"k": "序", "g": 5, "o": 813, "f": 1160, "j": null, "on": "ジョ", "kun": "つい.で、ついで", "m": "preface; beginning; order; precedence; occasion; chance; incidentally", "pm": "preface", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "予", "nj": "ヨ", "ne": "beforehand"}], "hc": "cave; beforehand", "hk": "preface", "hs": "Cave . . . beforehand.", "ks": "The <b>preface</b> to all human history was written <i>beforehand</i> in <i>caves</i>.", "v": [{"w": "秩序", "rd": "ちつじょ", "mn": "order; discipline; regularity; system; method", "fr": 8265}, {"w": "順序", "rd": "じゅんじょ", "mn": "order; sequence", "fr": 10641}, {"w": "序", "rd": "ついで", "mn": "opportunity; occasion; chance", "fr": 12148}, {"w": "序盤", "rd": "じょばん", "mn": "opening (in a game of go, chess, etc.)", "fr": 14748}, {"w": "序列", "rd": "じょれつ", "mn": "rank; ranking order; hierarchy", "fr": 23022}, {"w": "無秩序", "rd": "むちつじょ", "mn": "disorder; chaos; confusion", "fr": 24263}, {"w": "公序良俗", "rd": "こうじょりょうぞく", "mn": "public order and morals; social standards; public policy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "年功序列", "rd": "ねんこうじょれつ", "mn": "seniority by length of service", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "序で", "rd": "ついで", "mn": "opportunity; occasion; chance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "序幕", "rd": "じょまく", "mn": "curtain-raiser; prologue", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "序文", "rd": "じょぶん", "mn": "preface; foreword; introduction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "序曲", "rd": "じょきょく", "mn": "overture; prelude", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "序説", "rd": "じょせつ", "mn": "introduction", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "舎", "g": 5, "o": 814, "f": 1170, "j": null, "on": "シャ、セキ", "kun": "やど.る", "m": "cottage; inn; hut; house; mansion", "pm": "cottage", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "吉", "nj": "キチ", "ne": "good luck"}], "hc": "umbrella; earthenware jar; lidded crock; soil; dirt; ground; mouth", "hk": "cottage", "hs": "A <i>lidded crock</i> with an <i>umbrella</i> overhead gives us a mixture of the modern and the nostalgic in this design for a <b>cottage</b>.", "ks": "The <b>cottage</b> is so small - it has an umbrella for the roof, soil for the floor and room for only one mouth.", "v": [{"w": "田舎", "rd": "いなか", "mn": "rural area; countryside; the sticks", "fr": 3306}, {"w": "校舎", "rd": "こうしゃ", "mn": "school building; schoolhouse", "fr": 5207}, {"w": "宿舎", "rd": "しゅくしゃ", "mn": "lodging (house); accommodation; hotel", "fr": 21273}, {"w": "舎", "rd": "しゃ", "mn": "hut; house", "fr": 24245}, {"w": "公舎", "rd": "こうしゃ", "mn": "official residence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "兵舎", "rd": "へいしゃ", "mn": "barracks", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国民宿舎", "rd": "こくみんしゅくしゃ", "mn": "inexpensive hotel operated by a local government", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寄宿舎", "rd": "きしゅくしゃ", "mn": "boarding house; residence hall; dormitory", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "庁舎", "rd": "ちょうしゃ", "mn": "government office building", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "牛舎", "rd": "ぎゅうしゃ", "mn": "cow shed; cattle barn", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "慣", "g": 5, "o": 815, "f": 1177, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "な.れる、な.らす", "m": "accustomed; get used to; become experienced", "pm": "accustomed", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "貫", "nj": "カン", "ne": "pierce"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; pierce; mother; breasts; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "accustomed", "hs": "State of mind . . . pierce.", "ks": "Some hardcore monks have a <i>state of mind</i> that has become <b>accustomed</b> to their self-torture through <i>piercing</i> themselves.", "v": [{"w": "慣れる", "rd": "なれる", "mn": "to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become familiar with", "fr": 828}, {"w": "見慣れる", "rd": "みなれる", "mn": "to get used to seeing; to become accustomed to seeing; to be familiar with", "fr": 4491}, {"w": "習慣", "rd": "しゅうかん", "mn": "habit", "fr": 5764}, {"w": "慣れ", "rd": "なれ", "mn": "practice; experience; habituation", "fr": 8689}, {"w": "不慣れ", "rd": "ふなれ", "mn": "inexperienced; unfamiliar (with); unversed; lacking experience", "fr": 11736}, {"w": "慣らす", "rd": "ならす", "mn": "to accustom; to train (e.g. one's ear)", "fr": 14228}, {"w": "慣習", "rd": "かんしゅう", "mn": "custom; convention; common practice", "fr": 24796}, {"w": "慣例", "rd": "かんれい", "mn": "custom; practice; convention; precedent", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "慣行", "rd": "かんこう", "mn": "customary practice; habit; traditional event", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "慣用句", "rd": "かんようく", "mn": "idiom; set phrase; idiomatic phrase", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 20, "rp": 71, "l": 17, "n": ""}}, {"k": "液", "g": 5, "o": 816, "f": 1210, "j": null, "on": "エキ", "kun": "", "m": "fluid; liquid; juice; sap; secretion", "pm": "fluid", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "夜", "nj": "ヤ", "ne": "night"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; night; top hat; person; walking legs; drop", "hk": "fluid", "hs": "Water . . . night.", "ks": "A wet dream……..water <b>fluid</b> that comes out at night….", "v": [{"w": "液体", "rd": "えきたい", "mn": "liquid", "fr": 4881}, {"w": "血液", "rd": "けつえき", "mn": "blood", "fr": 5571}, {"w": "液", "rd": "えき", "mn": "liquid; fluid", "fr": 9172}, {"w": "精液", "rd": "せいえき", "mn": "semen; seminal fluid; sperm", "fr": 10005}, {"w": "血液型", "rd": "けつえきがた", "mn": "blood type; blood group", "fr": 17809}, {"w": "溶液", "rd": "ようえき", "mn": "solution (liquid)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "液化", "rd": "えきか", "mn": "liquefaction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "液晶", "rd": "えきしょう", "mn": "liquid crystal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "血液検査", "rd": "けつえきけんさ", "mn": "blood test; hemanalysis", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 10, "l": 3, "n": "液体 夜"}}, {"k": "貧", "g": 5, "o": 817, "f": 1211, "j": null, "on": "ヒン、ビン", "kun": "まず.しい", "m": "poverty; poor", "pm": "poverty", "r": [{"c": "分", "nj": "ブン", "ne": "part"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "part; eight; sword; dagger; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "poverty", "hs": "Part . . . shells/money.", "ks": "Parting with your money will lead to poverty.", "v": [{"w": "貧乏", "rd": "びんぼう", "mn": "poverty-stricken; destitute; poor; penurious", "fr": 5871}, {"w": "貧しい", "rd": "まずしい", "mn": "poor; needy", "fr": 6862}, {"w": "貧血", "rd": "ひんけつ", "mn": "anemia; anaemia", "fr": 13263}, {"w": "貧弱", "rd": "ひんじゃく", "mn": "poor; meagre; meager; feeble; scanty; shabby; insubstantial", "fr": 14770}, {"w": "貧乏人", "rd": "びんぼうにん", "mn": "poor person; the poor", "fr": 16812}, {"w": "貧相", "rd": "ひんそう", "mn": "poor-looking; impoverished-looking", "fr": 17087}, {"w": "貧困", "rd": "ひんこん", "mn": "poverty; penury; need; destitution", "fr": 18867}, {"w": "清貧", "rd": "せいひん", "mn": "poverty without selfish desire; honourable poverty (honorable); being poor yet h", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貧富", "rd": "ひんぷ", "mn": "wealth and poverty; rich and poor", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 19, "rp": 76, "l": 14, "n": "貧しい 学費 予算"}}, {"k": "酸", "g": 5, "o": 818, "f": 1218, "j": null, "on": "サン", "kun": "す.い", "m": "acid; bitterness; sour; tart", "pm": "acid", "r": [{"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}, {"c": "夋", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "whiskey bottle; streetwalker; Ministry of silly walks; John Cleese; license; elbow; human legs; walking legs", "hk": "acid", "hs": "Whiskey bottle . . . license . . . walking legs.", "ks": "The <i>prostitute</i> carries an old <i>whiskey bottle</i> filled with <b>acid</b> to throw at any difficult Johns.", "v": [{"w": "酸素", "rd": "さんそ", "mn": "oxygen (O)", "fr": 7714}, {"w": "酸っぱい", "rd": "すっぱい", "mn": "sour; acid", "fr": 13277}, {"w": "酸味", "rd": "さんみ", "mn": "sourness; acidity", "fr": 14822}, {"w": "炭酸", "rd": "たんさん", "mn": "carbonic acid", "fr": 17728}, {"w": "酸", "rd": "さん", "mn": "acid", "fr": 20898}, {"w": "酸化", "rd": "さんか", "mn": "oxidation; oxidization", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "酸性", "rd": "さんせい", "mn": "acidity", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "アミノ酸", "rd": "アミノさん", "mn": "amino acid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "一酸化炭素", "rd": "いっさんかたんそ", "mn": "carbon monoxide", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "二酸化炭素", "rd": "にさんかたんそ", "mn": "carbon dioxide; CO2", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塩酸", "rd": "えんさん", "mn": "hydrochloric acid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "尿酸", "rd": "にょうさん", "mn": "uric acid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核酸", "rd": "かくさん", "mn": "nucleic acid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "硝酸", "rd": "しょうさん", "mn": "nitric acid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "硫酸", "rd": "りゅうさん", "mn": "sulfuric acid; sulphuric acid", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "祖", "g": 5, "o": 819, "f": 1226, "j": null, "on": "ソ", "kun": "", "m": "ancestor; pioneer; founder", "pm": "ancestor", "r": [{"c": "礻", "nj": "しめすへん", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "且", "nj": "ショ", "ne": "moreover"}], "hc": "altar; shelf; my bookshelves", "hk": "ancestor", "hs": "Altar . . . shelf.", "ks": "The urns of ancestors are kept on shelves next to the altar.", "v": [{"w": "祖父", "rd": "そふ", "mn": "grandfather", "fr": 6248}, {"w": "先祖", "rd": "せんぞ", "mn": "ancestor; forefather; foremother", "fr": 8013}, {"w": "祖母", "rd": "そぼ", "mn": "grandmother", "fr": 9152}, {"w": "祖国", "rd": "そこく", "mn": "homeland; motherland; fatherland; native country", "fr": 17023}, {"w": "祖先", "rd": "そせん", "mn": "ancestor", "fr": 17785}, {"w": "祖", "rd": "そ", "mn": "ancestor; forefather; progenitor", "fr": 22872}, {"w": "祖父母", "rd": "そふぼ", "mn": "grandparents", "fr": 23543}, {"w": "お祖母さん", "rd": "おばあさん", "mn": "grandmother", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "お祖父さん", "rd": "おじいさん", "mn": "grandfather", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "元祖", "rd": "がんそ", "mn": "originator; pioneer; inventor; founder", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宗祖", "rd": "しゅうそ", "mn": "sect founder", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "教祖", "rd": "きょうそ", "mn": "founder of a religious sect", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 44, "rp": 24, "l": 3, "n": "祖父 組み立てる"}}, {"k": "桜", "g": 5, "o": 820, "f": 1237, "j": null, "on": "オウ、ヨウ", "kun": "さくら", "m": "cherry", "pm": "cherry", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}], "hc": "tree; wood; owl; woman", "hk": "cherry tree", "hs": "Tree . . . owl . . . woman.", "ks": "Athena seating against a cherry tree with her owl on her shoulder. She is picking cherries and feeding her owl.", "v": [{"w": "桜", "rd": "さくら", "mn": "cherry tree; cherry blossom; sakura", "fr": 3960}, {"w": "八重桜", "rd": "やえざくら", "mn": "double-flowered cherry tree; double cherry blossoms", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "桜花", "rd": "おうか", "mn": "cherry blossom", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "句", "g": 5, "o": 821, "f": 1244, "j": null, "on": "ク", "kun": "", "m": "phrase; clause; sentence; passage; paragraph; counter for haiku", "pm": "phrase", "r": [{"c": "勹", "nj": "つつみがまえ", "ne": "to wrap"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "bound up; mouth", "hk": "phrase", "hs": "By combining the two primitives <i>bound up</i> and <i>mouth</i> , we can easily see how this character can get the meaning of a <b>phrase</b>. After all, a <b>phrase</b> is nothing more than a number of words <i>bound up</i> tightly and neatly so that they will fit in your <i>mouth</i>.", "ks": "A bound mouth cannot utter a single phrase.", "v": [{"w": "文句", "rd": "もんく", "mn": "complaint; grumbling; objection", "fr": 1289}, {"w": "絶句", "rd": "ぜっく", "mn": "being lost for words; becoming speechless", "fr": 8918}, {"w": "挙句", "rd": "あげく", "mn": "after (a long process); at the end of", "fr": 13820}, {"w": "文句なし", "rd": "もんくなし", "mn": "undisputed; entirely; perfect", "fr": 18486}, {"w": "俳句", "rd": "はいく", "mn": "haiku", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "句", "rd": "く", "mn": "section (i.e. of text); sentence; passage; paragraph", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "句読点", "rd": "くとうてん", "mn": "punctuation mark", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "語句", "rd": "ごく", "mn": "words and phrases; words", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "句集", "rd": "くしゅう", "mn": "collection of haiku poems", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慣用句", "rd": "かんようく", "mn": "idiom; set phrase; idiomatic phrase", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禁句", "rd": "きんく", "mn": "taboo word; forbidden topic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "節句", "rd": "せっく", "mn": "seasonal festival", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "美辞麗句", "rd": "びじれいく", "mn": "flowery words; rhetorical flourishes", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "墓", "g": 5, "o": 822, "f": 1337, "j": null, "on": "ボ", "kun": "はか", "m": "grave; tomb", "pm": "grave", "r": [{"c": "莫", "nj": "バク", "ne": "must not"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "graveyard; flowers; sun; day; large; St. Bernard; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "grave", "hs": "The mounds of <i>soil</i> with crude wooden crosses set at their head suggests those boot-hill <b>graves</b> we all know from cowboy lore. The only odd thing about this kanji is that the <i>soil</i> comes UNDER the <i>graveyard</i> , rather than to its left, where we might expect. Just think of the bodies as \"lying under boot-hill\" if you have any trouble. By the way, this is not the first time, nor will it be the last, that we learn a kanji whose key word is the same, or almost the same, as a primitive element based on it, but whose shape differs somewhat. There is no cause to worry. By using the primitive in a variety of other characters, as we have done here, the confusion will be averted as a matter of course. In most cases, as here, the primitive element is taken from a part of the fuller kanji.", "ks": "The <i>soil</i> under a <i>graveyard</i> is full of <b>graves</b>.", "v": [{"w": "墓", "rd": "はか", "mn": "grave; gravesite; tomb", "fr": 4115}, {"w": "墓参り", "rd": "はかまいり", "mn": "visit to a grave", "fr": 13061}, {"w": "墓地", "rd": "ぼち", "mn": "cemetery; graveyard", "fr": 14768}, {"w": "墓石", "rd": "ぼせき", "mn": "tombstone; gravestone", "fr": 22944}, {"w": "墓穴", "rd": "ぼけつ", "mn": "grave (pit)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "墳墓", "rd": "ふんぼ", "mn": "grave; tomb", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鉱", "g": 5, "o": 823, "f": 1376, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "あらがね", "m": "mineral; ore", "pm": "mineral", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "広", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "wide"}], "hc": "metal; gold; wide; cave; elbow", "hk": "mineral", "hs": "Metal . . . wide.", "ks": "A wide range of metal s are classed as mineral s.", "v": [{"w": "鉱石", "rd": "こうせき", "mn": "ore; mineral; crystal", "fr": 19965}, {"w": "鉱山", "rd": "こうざん", "mn": "mine (ore)", "fr": 22013}, {"w": "炭鉱", "rd": "たんこう", "mn": "coal mine; (coal) pit; colliery", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "鉱業", "rd": "こうぎょう", "mn": "mining industry", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "鉱物", "rd": "こうぶつ", "mn": "mineral", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "溶鉱炉", "rd": "ようこうろ", "mn": "smelting furnace; blast furnace", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鉄鉱", "rd": "てっこう", "mn": "iron ore", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鉱区", "rd": "こうく", "mn": "mining area; mine lot", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "飼", "g": 5, "o": 824, "f": 1392, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "か.う", "m": "domesticate; raise; keep; feed", "pm": "domesticate", "r": [{"c": "飠", "nj": "しょくへん", "ne": "food"}, {"c": "司", "nj": "シ", "ne": "director"}], "hc": "eat; food; umbrella; good; halo; drop; silver; director; Ken Russel; clothes hanger; coat hanger; one; mouth", "hk": "domesticate", "hs": "<i>Eat</i> . . . <i>director</i>. The sense is of rearing of animals.", "ks": "We thought that the lion was domesticate d but it ate the Director !!!", "v": [{"w": "飼う", "rd": "かう", "mn": "to keep (a pet or other animal); to have; to own; to raise; to rear; to feed", "fr": 2905}, {"w": "飼い主", "rd": "かいぬし", "mn": "(pet) owner; keeper", "fr": 8327}, {"w": "飼育", "rd": "しいく", "mn": "breeding; raising; rearing; keeping", "fr": 16209}, {"w": "飼い犬", "rd": "かいいぬ", "mn": "pet dog", "fr": 17824}, {"w": "飼料", "rd": "しりょう", "mn": "fodder; feed", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "枝", "g": 5, "o": 825, "f": 1401, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "えだ", "m": "bough; branch; twig; limb; counter for branches", "pm": "bough", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "支", "nj": "しにょう", "ne": "branch"}], "hc": "tree; wood; branch; ten; needle; crotch", "hk": "bough", "hs": "<i>Tree</i> . . . <i>branch</i>. Take a moment to focus on the differences between a <b>bough</b> , a <i>branch</i> , and a <i>twig</i> (Frame 319).", "ks": "The <i>tree's</i> primary <i>branch</i> is known as the <b>bough</b>.", "v": [{"w": "枝", "rd": "えだ", "mn": "branch; bough; limb; twig; sprig; spray", "fr": 4709}, {"w": "大枝", "rd": "おおえだ", "mn": "large branch; bough", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "小枝", "rd": "こえだ", "mn": "twig; spray", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "枝葉", "rd": "えだは", "mn": "branches and leaves; foliage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "枝豆", "rd": "えだまめ", "mn": "edamame (green soybeans)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "爪楊枝", "rd": "つまようじ", "mn": "toothpick", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 16, "l": 4, "n": "枝 看板"}}, {"k": "毒", "g": 5, "o": 826, "f": 1419, "j": null, "on": "ドク", "kun": "", "m": "poison; virus; venom; germ; harm; injury; spite", "pm": "poison", "r": [{"c": "龶", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "毋", "nj": "なかれ", "ne": "not"}], "hc": "grow up; mother; breasts", "hk": "poison", "hs": "Grow up . . . breasts.", "ks": "If you grow up with a mother that drinks and smokes, you can be sure it's <b>poison</b> in the stuff you get from her breasts.", "v": [{"w": "毒", "rd": "どく", "mn": "poison; toxicant", "fr": 2280}, {"w": "気の毒", "rd": "きのどく", "mn": "pitiful; unfortunate; poor; miserable; wretched", "fr": 4962}, {"w": "消毒", "rd": "しょうどく", "mn": "disinfection; sterilization; sterilisation", "fr": 11831}, {"w": "中毒", "rd": "ちゅうどく", "mn": "poisoning", "fr": 15193}, {"w": "毒舌", "rd": "どくぜつ", "mn": "wicked tongue; sharp tongue; abusive language", "fr": 21288}, {"w": "毒殺", "rd": "どくさつ", "mn": "killing by poisoning; killing with poison; poisoning (to death)", "fr": 21921}, {"w": "有毒", "rd": "ゆうどく", "mn": "poisonous; toxic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "毒ガス", "rd": "どくガス", "mn": "poison gas", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "毒性", "rd": "どくせい", "mn": "toxicity; virulence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "毒薬", "rd": "どくやく", "mn": "poison", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "食中毒", "rd": "しょくちゅうどく", "mn": "food poisoning", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 56, "rp": 12, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "往", "g": 5, "o": 827, "f": 1421, "j": null, "on": "オウ", "kun": "い.く、いにしえ、さき.に、ゆ.く", "m": "journey; travel; chase away; let go; going; before; formerly", "pm": "journey", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "主", "nj": "シュ", "ne": "lord"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; candlestick; lord; drop; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "journey", "hs": "<i>Column</i> . . . <i>candlestick</i>. This character has the special sense of <b>journeying</b> to someplace or other.", "ks": "In Medieval Japan, <i>going</i> to see your <i>lord</i> was often a long <b>journey</b>.", "v": [{"w": "往復", "rd": "おうふく", "mn": "making a round trip; going and returning; coming and going", "fr": 5761}, {"w": "往来", "rd": "おうらい", "mn": "coming and going; traffic", "fr": 11909}, {"w": "右往左往", "rd": "うおうさおう", "mn": "moving about in confusion; going every which way; going this way and that", "fr": 16572}, {"w": "往年", "rd": "おうねん", "mn": "years gone by; earlier years; former years; the past", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "往生", "rd": "おうじょう", "mn": "passing on to the next life", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "往診", "rd": "おうしん", "mn": "doctor's visit; house call", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "既往症", "rd": "きおうしょう", "mn": "illness that one had in the past; previous illness; medical history; anamnesis", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "立ち往生", "rd": "たちおうじょう", "mn": "being brought to a standstill; being stranded; getting stuck; stalling; deadlock", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "肥", "g": 5, "o": 828, "f": 1469, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "こ.える、こえ、こ.やす、こ.やし、ふと.る", "m": "fertilizer; get fat; fertile; manure; pamper", "pm": "fertilizer", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "巴", "nj": "ハ", "ne": "comma-design"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; mosaic", "hk": "fertilizer", "hs": "Flesh . . . mosaic.", "ks": "If you're sick, a part of your body may produce fertilizer that makes a colorful mosaic.", "v": [{"w": "肥える", "rd": "こえる", "mn": "to grow fat; to gain weight; to put on weight", "fr": 21429}, {"w": "肥料", "rd": "ひりょう", "mn": "manure; fertilizer; fertiliser; compost", "fr": 22353}, {"w": "化学肥料", "rd": "かがくひりょう", "mn": "chemical fertilizer; chemical fertiliser", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "堆肥", "rd": "たいひ", "mn": "compost; manure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "肥", "rd": "こえ", "mn": "manure; night soil; dung; fertiliser; fertilizer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "肥やし", "rd": "こやし", "mn": "manure; night soil; dung; fertiliser; fertilizer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "肥やす", "rd": "こやす", "mn": "to fertilize; to fertilise; to manure; to enrich", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "肥大", "rd": "ひだい", "mn": "swelling; enlargement; becoming fat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "肥満", "rd": "ひまん", "mn": "corpulence; fatness; obesity", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "脈", "g": 5, "o": 829, "f": 1477, "j": null, "on": "ミャク", "kun": "すじ", "m": "vein; pulse; hope", "pm": "vein", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; caveman; drag; person; rag", "hk": "vein", "hs": "Part of body . . . drag . . . rag.", "ks": "The part of the body zombies hunger for is the brainzzz, not the veinzzz!", "v": [{"w": "脈", "rd": "みゃく", "mn": "pulse", "fr": 9090}, {"w": "人脈", "rd": "じんみゃく", "mn": "personal connections", "fr": 15028}, {"w": "脈絡", "rd": "みゃくらく", "mn": "logical connection; chain of reasoning; coherence; context", "fr": 17217}, {"w": "山脈", "rd": "さんみゃく", "mn": "mountain range; mountain belt", "fr": 19883}, {"w": "脈拍", "rd": "みゃくはく", "mn": "pulse; pulse rate; pulsation; stroke of pulse", "fr": 21801}, {"w": "文脈", "rd": "ぶんみゃく", "mn": "context (of a passage); line of thought", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "不整脈", "rd": "ふせいみゃく", "mn": "arrhythmia; abnormal heartbeat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "動脈", "rd": "どうみゃく", "mn": "artery", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "動脈硬化", "rd": "どうみゃくこうか", "mn": "arteriosclerosis; hardening of the arteries", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大動脈", "rd": "だいどうみゃく", "mn": "aorta", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "金脈", "rd": "きんみゃく", "mn": "vein of gold", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "静脈", "rd": "じょうみゃく", "mn": "vein", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "粉", "g": 5, "o": 830, "f": 1484, "j": null, "on": "フン", "kun": "デシメートル、こ、こな", "m": "flour; powder; dust", "pm": "flour", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "分", "nj": "ブン", "ne": "part"}], "hc": "rice; part; eight; sword; dagger", "hk": "flour", "hs": "Rice . . . part.", "ks": "In the United States , part of every meal is made from flour.", "v": [{"w": "粉", "rd": "こな", "mn": "flour; meal; powder; dust", "fr": 6605}, {"w": "粉砕", "rd": "ふんさい", "mn": "pulverization; pulverisation", "fr": 11109}, {"w": "小麦粉", "rd": "こむぎこ", "mn": "wheat flour", "fr": 15985}, {"w": "粉末", "rd": "ふんまつ", "mn": "fine powder", "fr": 22466}, {"w": "花粉", "rd": "かふん", "mn": "pollen", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "パン粉", "rd": "パンこ", "mn": "breadcrumbs; panko", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "白粉", "rd": "おしろい", "mn": "white makeup powder; (face) powder", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "粉ミルク", "rd": "こなミルク", "mn": "milk powder", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "粉飾", "rd": "ふんしょく", "mn": "embellishment (e.g. of a story); ornamentation; decoration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "花粉症", "rd": "かふんしょう", "mn": "hay fever; pollinosis (allergy to pollen)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 11, "rp": 26, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "綿", "g": 5, "o": 831, "f": 1495, "j": null, "on": "メン", "kun": "わた", "m": "cotton", "pm": "cotton", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "帛", "nj": "ハク", "ne": "cloth"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; napkin; white; dove; towel", "hk": "cotton", "hs": "Thread . . . white . . . towels.", "ks": "Cotton is the preferred thread for making white towels.", "v": [{"w": "綿密", "rd": "めんみつ", "mn": "minute; detailed; careful; scrupulous; thorough", "fr": 19332}, {"w": "綿", "rd": "めん", "mn": "cotton", "fr": 19561}, {"w": "木綿", "rd": "もめん", "mn": "cotton (material)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "綿布", "rd": "めんぷ", "mn": "cotton cloth; cotton material", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "銅", "g": 5, "o": 832, "f": 1505, "j": null, "on": "ドウ", "kun": "あかがね", "m": "copper", "pm": "copper", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "同", "nj": "ドウ", "ne": "same"}], "hc": "metal; gold; same; monks; hood; one; mouth", "hk": "copper", "hs": "Picture an order of <i>monks</i> serving as chaplains for the police force. Their special habit, made of protective <i>metal</i> , is distinguished by a row of <b>copper</b> buttons just like the  \" <b>cops</b> \" they serve.", "ks": "A metal that looks the same as gold is COPPER.", "v": [{"w": "銅", "rd": "どう", "mn": "copper (Cu)", "fr": 23307}, {"w": "銅貨", "rd": "どうか", "mn": "copper coin", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "銅像", "rd": "どうぞう", "mn": "bronze statue", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "銅山", "rd": "どうざん", "mn": "copper mine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "銅版画", "rd": "どうはんが", "mn": "copperplate engraving; etching", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "青銅", "rd": "せいどう", "mn": "bronze", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "眼", "g": 5, "o": 833, "f": 1527, "j": null, "on": "ガン、ゲン", "kun": "まなこ、め", "m": "eyeball", "pm": "eyeball", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}, {"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}], "hc": "eye; silver", "hk": "eyeball", "hs": "Eye . . . silver.", "ks": "T-1000. <http://clicknothing.typepad.com/Images<i>Posts</i>2006/T1000.jpg>.", "v": [{"w": "眼", "rd": "まなこ", "mn": "eye; eyeball", "fr": 4352}, {"w": "眼鏡", "rd": "めがね", "mn": "glasses; eyeglasses; spectacles", "fr": 5001}, {"w": "眼差し", "rd": "まなざし", "mn": "(a) look; gaze", "fr": 6103}, {"w": "肉眼", "rd": "にくがん", "mn": "naked eye", "fr": 21652}, {"w": "眼科", "rd": "がんか", "mn": "ophthalmology", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "近眼", "rd": "きんがん", "mn": "nearsightedness; shortsightedness; myopia", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "両眼", "rd": "りょうがん", "mn": "both eyes", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "主眼", "rd": "しゅがん", "mn": "main purpose; chief aim; focus", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "双眼鏡", "rd": "そうがんきょう", "mn": "binoculars; field glasses", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "眼科医", "rd": "がんかい", "mn": "ophthalmologist; eye specialist", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "老眼", "rd": "ろうがん", "mn": "presbyopia; age-related longsightedness; farsightedness", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "耕", "g": 5, "o": 834, "f": 1568, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "たがや.す", "m": "till; plow; cultivate", "pm": "till", "r": [{"c": "耒", "nj": "らいすき", "ne": "plow"}, {"c": "井", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "well"}], "hc": "christmas tree; well", "hk": "till", "hs": "Christmas tree . . . well.", "ks": "If you just grow your christmas tree in a well, there will be no need to <b>till</b> the soil.", "v": [{"w": "耕す", "rd": "たがやす", "mn": "to till; to plow; to plough; to cultivate", "fr": 20094}, {"w": "耕作", "rd": "こうさく", "mn": "cultivation; farming", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "耕地", "rd": "こうち", "mn": "arable land; plantation; farmland", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "農耕", "rd": "のうこう", "mn": "farming; agriculture; cultivation", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "潔", "g": 5, "o": 835, "f": 1595, "j": null, "on": "ケツ", "kun": "いさぎよ.い", "m": "undefiled; pure; clean; righteous; gallant", "pm": "undefiled", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "絜", "nj": "ケツ", "ne": "marking line"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; flick knife; grow up; sword; dagger; thread; spiderman", "hk": "undefiled", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>grow up</i> . . . <i>dagger</i> . . . <i>thread</i>. Do not confuse with <i>upright</i> (Frame 58).", "ks": "To ensure she remained <b>undefiled</b> , a young girl <i>growing up</i> in a rough area always kept a <i>dagger</i> concealed under her <i>threads</i> , even when she went into the <i>water</i>.", "v": [{"w": "潔い", "rd": "いさぎよい", "mn": "gracious (defeat, apology, etc.); graceful; honourable (e.g. death); noble; gall", "fr": 7549}, {"w": "清潔", "rd": "せいけつ", "mn": "clean; hygienic; sanitary", "fr": 9886}, {"w": "簡潔", "rd": "かんけつ", "mn": "concise; brief; succinct; compact (style)", "fr": 9896}, {"w": "潔白", "rd": "けっぱく", "mn": "innocence; guiltlessness; purity; uprightness; integrity", "fr": 13220}, {"w": "不潔", "rd": "ふけつ", "mn": "unclean; dirty; unsanitary; filthy", "fr": 15359}, {"w": "高潔", "rd": "こうけつ", "mn": "noble; lofty; high-minded; virtuous; upright", "fr": 19973}, {"w": "潔癖", "rd": "けっぺき", "mn": "fastidiousness; love of cleanliness", "fr": 23170}], "p": null}, {"k": "党", "g": 6, "o": 836, "f": 39, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "なかま、むら", "m": "party; faction; clique", "pm": "party", "r": [{"c": "尚", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "esteem"}, {"c": "兄", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "elder brother"}], "hc": "outhouse; small; little; crown; mouth; human legs", "hk": "party", "hs": "Think of this key word as referring to a political <b>party</b> , not a gala affair. Its elements: <i>human legs</i> . . . sticking out of an <i>outhouse</i> window.", "ks": "Every major political <b>party</b> , if personified, would look like a giant <i>outhouse</i> walking around with <i>human legs</i> spewing out a constant stream of bullshit.", "v": [{"w": "党", "rd": "とう", "mn": "party (political)", "fr": 17842}, {"w": "与党", "rd": "よとう", "mn": "ruling party; government party; party in power; government", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "政党", "rd": "せいとう", "mn": "political party", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "野党", "rd": "やとう", "mn": "opposition party; the opposition", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一党", "rd": "いっとう", "mn": "one party; one faction; one clique", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "不偏不党", "rd": "ふへんふとう", "mn": "impartiality; neutrality; independence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "与野党", "rd": "よやとう", "mn": "ruling and opposition parties; parties in and out of power", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "両党", "rd": "りょうとう", "mn": "both (political) parties", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "保守党", "rd": "ほしゅとう", "mn": "Conservative Party", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "党内", "rd": "とうない", "mn": "party-internal; within the party", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "党利", "rd": "とうり", "mn": "party interests", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "党務", "rd": "とうむ", "mn": "party business", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "党勢", "rd": "とうせい", "mn": "strength of a party", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "党員", "rd": "とういん", "mn": "party member", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "党派", "rd": "とうは", "mn": "faction; party; clique", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "権", "g": 6, "o": 837, "f": 156, "j": null, "on": "ケン、ゴン", "kun": "おもり、かり、はか.る", "m": "authority; power; rights", "pm": "authority", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "tree; wood; pegasus; horse; pantomime horse; noon; sign of the horse; turkey", "hk": "authority", "hs": "Tree . . . Pegasus.", "ks": "No one has the authority to tie up a pegasus to a tree!", "v": [{"w": "権利", "rd": "けんり", "mn": "right; privilege", "fr": 2070}, {"w": "権力", "rd": "けんりょく", "mn": "(political) power; authority; influence", "fr": 5100}, {"w": "権限", "rd": "けんげん", "mn": "power; authority; jurisdiction", "fr": 6118}, {"w": "特権", "rd": "とっけん", "mn": "privilege; special right", "fr": 7699}, {"w": "権", "rd": "けん", "mn": "right (to do something)", "fr": 8074}, {"w": "権威", "rd": "けんい", "mn": "authority; power; influence; prestige", "fr": 10252}, {"w": "主導権", "rd": "しゅどうけん", "mn": "hegemony; leadership; initiative", "fr": 12697}, {"w": "人権", "rd": "じんけん", "mn": "human rights; civil liberties", "fr": 17648}, {"w": "拒否権", "rd": "きょひけん", "mn": "right of veto", "fr": 19555}, {"w": "政権", "rd": "せいけん", "mn": "(political) administration; political power", "fr": 21577}, {"w": "所有権", "rd": "しょゆうけん", "mn": "ownership; dominion; ownership rights; proprietorship; property rights", "fr": 22745}, {"w": "棄権", "rd": "きけん", "mn": "abstention (from voting); renunciation (of a right); withdrawal (from a contest)", "fr": 23135}, {"w": "利権", "rd": "りけん", "mn": "interest; rights; concession", "fr": 23419}, {"w": "実権", "rd": "じっけん", "mn": "real power", "fr": 23926}, {"w": "主権", "rd": "しゅけん", "mn": "sovereignty; supremacy; dominion", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "派", "g": 6, "o": 838, "f": 164, "j": null, "on": "ハ", "kun": "", "m": "faction; group; party; clique; sect; school", "pm": "faction", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; caveman; drag; person; rag", "hk": "faction", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>drag</i> . . . <i>rag</i>. Back in frame 1127 we indicated that this latter radical would come up once again, as it does in this and the following two frames.", "ks": "Drag + rag gave me trouble until I came up with zombie for it. The zombie population became more diverse, separating into different <b>faction</b> s. One of them being the water Zombies.", "v": [{"w": "立派", "rd": "りっぱ", "mn": "splendid; fine; handsome; elegant; imposing; prominent; impressive", "fr": 884}, {"w": "派手", "rd": "はで", "mn": "showy; loud; flashy; gaudy", "fr": 1774}, {"w": "派", "rd": "は", "mn": "group; faction; clique; coterie", "fr": 2607}, {"w": "派遣", "rd": "はけん", "mn": "dispatch; despatch; deployment", "fr": 5533}, {"w": "派閥", "rd": "はばつ", "mn": "clique; faction", "fr": 14121}, {"w": "右派", "rd": "うは", "mn": "right wing", "fr": 16728}, {"w": "一派", "rd": "いっぱ", "mn": "one school; one sect; one denomination", "fr": 19868}, {"w": "シーア派", "rd": "シーアは", "mn": "Shia (Islam)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "他派", "rd": "たは", "mn": "the other group", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "党派", "rd": "とうは", "mn": "faction; party; clique", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宗派", "rd": "しゅうは", "mn": "sect; denomination", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "左派", "rd": "さは", "mn": "left wing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新派", "rd": "しんぱ", "mn": "new school (of thought, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旧派", "rd": "きゅうは", "mn": "old school; old style", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "派兵", "rd": "はへい", "mn": "dispatch of troops", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "済", "g": 6, "o": 839, "f": 168, "j": null, "on": "サイ、セイ", "kun": "す.む、-ず.み、-ずみ、す.まない、す.ます、-す.ます、すく.う、な.す、わたし、わた.る", "m": "settle (debt, etc.); relieve (burden); finish; come to an end; excusable; need not", "pm": "settle (debt, etc.)", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "斉", "nj": "せい", "ne": "alike"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; adjust; adjusted; sentence; plaid; kilt; Billy Connolly; two; fenceposts; cabers", "hk": "finish", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>adjust</i>. Do not confuse with <i>complete</i> (Frame 101), <i>end</i> (Frame 1452), or <i>perfect</i> (Frame 199).", "ks": "After i've finish ed having a pee i adjust my trousers.", "v": [{"w": "済む", "rd": "すむ", "mn": "to finish; to end; to be completed; to be resolved", "fr": 662}, {"w": "済まない", "rd": "すまない", "mn": "inexcusable; unjustifiable; unpardonable", "fr": 1864}, {"w": "済ませる", "rd": "すませる", "mn": "to finish; to make an end of; to get through with; to let end", "fr": 2307}, {"w": "済ます", "rd": "すます", "mn": "to finish; to get it over with; to conclude", "fr": 4381}, {"w": "経済", "rd": "けいざい", "mn": "economy; economics", "fr": 8830}, {"w": "返済", "rd": "へんさい", "mn": "repayment; reimbursement; refund; redemption", "fr": 11548}, {"w": "救済", "rd": "きゅうさい", "mn": "relief; aid; help; rescue", "fr": 12505}, {"w": "経済的", "rd": "けいざいてき", "mn": "economic; financial", "fr": 12888}, {"w": "済みません", "rd": "すみません", "mn": "excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; I beg your pardon", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "使用済み", "rd": "しようずみ", "mn": "used (ticket, stamp, etc.); spent (fuel, battery, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "共済", "rd": "きょうさい", "mn": "mutual aid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弁済", "rd": "べんさい", "mn": "repayment; settlement (of a debt); paying off; reimbursement (of expenses)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "日本経済", "rd": "にほんけいざい", "mn": "Japanese economy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "決済", "rd": "けっさい", "mn": "settlement (of an account); liquidation of debts; payment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "決済方法", "rd": "けっさいほうほう", "mn": "payment method", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 176, "rp": 21, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "認", "g": 6, "o": 840, "f": 198, "j": null, "on": "ニン", "kun": "みと.める、したた.める", "m": "acknowledge; witness; discern; recognize; appreciate; believe", "pm": "acknowledge", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "忍", "nj": "ニン", "ne": "endure"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; endure; blade; sword; dagger; drop; heart", "hk": "acknowledge", "hs": "Words . . . endure.", "ks": "You are given a <i>speech</i> about some serious mistakes of yours, and you have to <i>endure</i> the whole thing, because all you can do is <b>acknowledge</b>.", "v": [{"w": "確認", "rd": "かくにん", "mn": "confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation; identificati", "fr": 529}, {"w": "認める", "rd": "みとめる", "mn": "to recognize; to recognise; to observe; to notice", "fr": 576}, {"w": "認識", "rd": "にんしき", "mn": "recognition; awareness; perception; understanding; knowledge; cognition; cogniza", "fr": 2544}, {"w": "認定", "rd": "にんてい", "mn": "authorization; authorisation; acknowledgment; acknowledgement; certification; re", "fr": 9396}, {"w": "承認", "rd": "しょうにん", "mn": "recognition; acknowledgement; acknowledgment; approval; consent; agreement", "fr": 10040}, {"w": "認知", "rd": "にんち", "mn": "acknowledgement; acknowledgment; recognition; cognition", "fr": 11919}, {"w": "再確認", "rd": "さいかくにん", "mn": "reaffirmation; reconfirmation; revalidation", "fr": 12131}, {"w": "公認", "rd": "こうにん", "mn": "official recognition; official approval; certification; authorization; authorisa", "fr": 13975}, {"w": "黙認", "rd": "もくにん", "mn": "tacit approval; tacit permission; connivance; acquiescence; toleration; overlook", "fr": 18350}, {"w": "容認", "rd": "ようにん", "mn": "approval; acceptance; toleration", "fr": 20682}, {"w": "認証", "rd": "にんしょう", "mn": "certification; attestation; authentication; confirmation", "fr": 21944}, {"w": "認可", "rd": "にんか", "mn": "approval; license; licence; permission", "fr": 22931}, {"w": "光学式文字認識", "rd": "こうがくしきもじにんしき", "mn": "optical character recognition; OCR", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公認会計士", "rd": "こうにんかいけいし", "mn": "certified public accountant", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "否認", "rd": "ひにん", "mn": "denial; negation; repudiation; disapproval", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 112, "rp": 29, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "策", "g": 6, "o": 841, "f": 209, "j": null, "on": "サク", "kun": "", "m": "scheme; plan; policy; step; means", "pm": "scheme", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "朿", "nj": "シ", "ne": "thorn"}], "hc": "bamboo; tree; wood; belt", "hk": "scheme", "hs": "<i>Bamboo</i> . . . <i>belted tree</i> (See frame 446).", "ks": "In Japan gardeners use a scheme to protect tree s by putting a bamboo belt around them.", "v": [{"w": "対策", "rd": "たいさく", "mn": "measure; step; countermeasure; counterplan; countermove; strategy; preparation (", "fr": 2761}, {"w": "策", "rd": "さく", "mn": "plan; policy; means; measure; stratagem; scheme", "fr": 4104}, {"w": "得策", "rd": "とくさく", "mn": "good policy; wise policy; best plan", "fr": 10935}, {"w": "解決策", "rd": "かいけつさく", "mn": "solution; solution strategy", "fr": 11739}, {"w": "策略", "rd": "さくりゃく", "mn": "stratagem; artifice; trick; ruse; scheme; tactics", "fr": 12393}, {"w": "散策", "rd": "さんさく", "mn": "walking; strolling; roaming; wandering; exploring", "fr": 13215}, {"w": "政策", "rd": "せいさく", "mn": "political measures; policy", "fr": 15900}, {"w": "方策", "rd": "ほうさく", "mn": "plan; measure; means; scheme; policy", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "国策", "rd": "こくさく", "mn": "national policy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "失策", "rd": "しっさく", "mn": "blunder; slip; error", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "施策", "rd": "しさく", "mn": "policy; measure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "無策", "rd": "むさく", "mn": "lack of policy; having no measures; lacking means", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "策定", "rd": "さくてい", "mn": "formulation (of a plan, policy, etc.); decision; settling on", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "苦肉の策", "rd": "くにくのさく", "mn": "last resort; desperate measure taken under the pressure of necessity", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "論", "g": 6, "o": 842, "f": 227, "j": null, "on": "ロン", "kun": "あげつら.う", "m": "argument; discourse", "pm": "argument", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "侖", "nj": "リン", "ne": "think"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; post-it note; meeting; scrapbook; glass canopy; hood; flowers", "hk": "argument", "hs": "<i>Words</i> . . . <i>meeting</i> . . . <i>scrapbook</i>. The <b>argument</b> here is a process of academic reasoning, not a personal quarrel or spat.", "ks": "It's very difficult to present a good argument if you don't bring along a scrapbook with some key words jotted down to the meeting.", "v": [{"w": "結論", "rd": "けつろん", "mn": "conclusion (of an argument, discussion, study, etc.)", "fr": 2572}, {"w": "反論", "rd": "はんろん", "mn": "objection; refutation; rebuttal; counterargument", "fr": 4326}, {"w": "無論", "rd": "むろん", "mn": "of course; certainly; naturally", "fr": 4868}, {"w": "議論", "rd": "ぎろん", "mn": "argument; discussion; dispute; controversy", "fr": 6560}, {"w": "理論", "rd": "りろん", "mn": "theory", "fr": 6709}, {"w": "正論", "rd": "せいろん", "mn": "sound argument; fair argument; just reasoning", "fr": 7564}, {"w": "勿論", "rd": "もちろん", "mn": "of course; certainly; naturally", "fr": 8068}, {"w": "異論", "rd": "いろん", "mn": "different opinion; objection", "fr": 8567}, {"w": "口論", "rd": "こうろん", "mn": "quarrel; argument; row; (verbal) dispute", "fr": 11891}, {"w": "論文", "rd": "ろんぶん", "mn": "thesis; essay; treatise; paper; article", "fr": 13060}, {"w": "論理", "rd": "ろんり", "mn": "logic", "fr": 13115}, {"w": "論外", "rd": "ろんがい", "mn": "out of the question; outrageous; impossible", "fr": 13409}, {"w": "論理的", "rd": "ろんりてき", "mn": "logical", "fr": 14841}, {"w": "推論", "rd": "すいろん", "mn": "inference; deduction; induction; reasoning", "fr": 19820}, {"w": "持論", "rd": "じろん", "mn": "one's cherished opinion; pet theory", "fr": 21272}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 37, "rp": 70, "l": 15, "n": "講 論"}}, {"k": "私", "g": 6, "o": 843, "f": 242, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "わたくし、わたし", "m": "private; I; me", "pm": "private", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; elbow", "hk": "private", "hs": "<i>Wheat</i> . . . <i>elbow</i>. Like the characters for I (Frame 17) and <i>ego</i> (Frame 690), this kanji is also representative of the subject, with the special connotation of <b>privacy</b>.", "ks": "Warning sign: \"Private wheat, trespassers will be elbowed\".", "v": [{"w": "私", "rd": "あたし", "mn": "I; me", "fr": 30}, {"w": "私たち", "rd": "わたしたち", "mn": "we; us", "fr": 393}, {"w": "私達", "rd": "わたしたち", "mn": "we; us", "fr": 4294}, {"w": "私自身", "rd": "わたしじしん", "mn": "myself", "fr": 4736}, {"w": "私服", "rd": "しふく", "mn": "ordinary clothes (i.e. non-uniform); plain clothes; civilian clothes; casual wea", "fr": 7519}, {"w": "私物", "rd": "しぶつ", "mn": "private property; personal belongings; personal effects", "fr": 10708}, {"w": "私的", "rd": "してき", "mn": "private; personal", "fr": 11582}, {"w": "私立", "rd": "しりつ", "mn": "private (establishment)", "fr": 12808}, {"w": "私生活", "rd": "しせいかつ", "mn": "private life", "fr": 16741}, {"w": "私語", "rd": "しご", "mn": "whispering; private talk; talking (during a class, lecture, etc.)", "fr": 20293}, {"w": "私用", "rd": "しよう", "mn": "personal use; private use", "fr": 22468}, {"w": "私有", "rd": "しゆう", "mn": "private ownership", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "私鉄", "rd": "してつ", "mn": "private railway", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "公私", "rd": "こうし", "mn": "public and private matters; official and personal affairs; professional and pers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "私事", "rd": "しじ", "mn": "personal affairs; private matter", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 492, "rp": 8, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "革", "g": 6, "o": 844, "f": 249, "j": null, "on": "カク", "kun": "かわ", "m": "leather; skin; reform; become serious", "pm": "leather", "r": [{"c": "廿", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "twenty"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "flowers; car; mouth; ten; needle", "hk": "leather", "hs": "After the <i>flowers</i> at the top (painted on the <b>leather</b> for decoration), we see the element for <i>car</i> with the middle stroke left out. Think of the seats having been taken out so that they can be reupholstered with this decorated <b>leather</b>.", "ks": "You can feed <i>twenty mouths</i> for a year for the price of <i>ten</i> <b>leather</b> coats.", "v": [{"w": "革命", "rd": "かくめい", "mn": "revolution", "fr": 10383}, {"w": "革", "rd": "かわ", "mn": "leather", "fr": 12961}, {"w": "改革", "rd": "かいかく", "mn": "reform; reformation; reorganization", "fr": 15325}, {"w": "変革", "rd": "へんかく", "mn": "change; transformation; reform; revolution; revolutionizing; innovation; upheava", "fr": 21782}, {"w": "革新", "rd": "かくしん", "mn": "reform; innovation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "保革", "rd": "ほかく", "mn": "conservatism and progressivism; conservatives and reformists", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "沿革", "rd": "えんかく", "mn": "history; development", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皮革", "rd": "ひかく", "mn": "leather; hide", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "行革", "rd": "ぎょうかく", "mn": "administrative reform", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "農地改革", "rd": "のうちかいかく", "mn": "agrarian reform", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "革靴", "rd": "かわぐつ", "mn": "leather shoes; leather boots", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "疑", "g": 6, "o": 845, "f": 283, "j": null, "on": "ギ", "kun": "うたが.う", "m": "doubt; distrust; be suspicious; question", "pm": "doubt", "r": [{"c": "匕", "nj": "さじ", "ne": "spoon"}, {"c": "矢", "nj": "や", "ne": "arrow"}, {"c": "マ", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "疋", "nj": "ひき", "ne": "bolt of cloth"}], "hc": "spoon; sitting on the ground; dart; drop; heavens; chop-seal; hanko; zoo; critters", "hk": "doubt", "hs": "Spoon . . . dart . . . chop-seal . . . zoo.", "ks": "Unless they use spoons to feed and darts to subdue the animals, I doubt the new zoo will get the WWF seal of approval.", "v": [{"w": "疑う", "rd": "うたがう", "mn": "to doubt; to distrust; to be suspicious of; to suspect", "fr": 1192}, {"w": "疑問", "rd": "ぎもん", "mn": "doubt; question; suspicion; dubiousness", "fr": 2187}, {"w": "疑い", "rd": "うたがい", "mn": "doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion; distrust", "fr": 2961}, {"w": "疑惑", "rd": "ぎわく", "mn": "doubt; misgivings; distrust; suspicion", "fr": 6475}, {"w": "容疑者", "rd": "ようぎしゃ", "mn": "suspect", "fr": 6618}, {"w": "容疑", "rd": "ようぎ", "mn": "suspicion; charge", "fr": 8595}, {"w": "疑わしい", "rd": "うたがわしい", "mn": "doubtful; questionable; uncertain; disputable; suspicious", "fr": 8989}, {"w": "疑念", "rd": "ぎねん", "mn": "doubt; suspicion; misgivings; scruples", "fr": 9614}, {"w": "疑義", "rd": "ぎぎ", "mn": "doubt", "fr": 19676}, {"w": "疑問符", "rd": "ぎもんふ", "mn": "question mark", "fr": 20310}, {"w": "被疑者", "rd": "ひぎしゃ", "mn": "suspect", "fr": 21155}, {"w": "疑似", "rd": "ぎじ", "mn": "pseudo; quasi; false; para-; mock; sham", "fr": 22093}, {"w": "嫌疑", "rd": "けんぎ", "mn": "suspicion", "fr": 22623}, {"w": "質疑", "rd": "しつぎ", "mn": "question", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "懐疑", "rd": "かいぎ", "mn": "doubt; skepticism; scepticism; disbelief", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 59, "rp": 46, "l": 7, "n": "凝"}}, {"k": "裁", "g": 6, "o": 846, "f": 297, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "た.つ、さば.く", "m": "tailor; judge; decision; cut out (pattern)", "pm": "tailor", "r": [{"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}], "hc": "Thanksgiving; harvest festival; ten; needle; fiesta; top hat; scarf; cloth; clothes; clothing; garment", "hk": "tailor", "hs": "You might think here of <i>garment</i> that have been specially <b>tailored</b> for <i>Thanksgiving</i> celebrations to look like traditional Pilgrim garb.", "ks": "The <b>tailor</b> was hard at work making sure all the pilgrims were dressed in their best <i>garments</i> for <i>thanksgiving</i>.", "v": [{"w": "裁判", "rd": "さいばん", "mn": "trial; judgement; judgment", "fr": 7245}, {"w": "裁く", "rd": "さばく", "mn": "to judge; to try; to sit in judgement (on); to decide (on)", "fr": 8360}, {"w": "体裁", "rd": "ていさい", "mn": "(outward) appearance", "fr": 12866}, {"w": "制裁", "rd": "せいさい", "mn": "sanctions; punishment", "fr": 13812}, {"w": "仲裁", "rd": "ちゅうさい", "mn": "arbitration; intercession; mediation", "fr": 14694}, {"w": "裁縫", "rd": "さいほう", "mn": "sewing; needlework", "fr": 15368}, {"w": "裁判所", "rd": "さいばんしょ", "mn": "court; courthouse", "fr": 19184}, {"w": "独裁", "rd": "どくさい", "mn": "dictatorship; despotism; autocracy", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "司法裁判", "rd": "しほうさいばん", "mn": "judicial trial", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "地裁", "rd": "ちさい", "mn": "district court", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "家裁", "rd": "かさい", "mn": "family court", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "最高裁", "rd": "さいこうさい", "mn": "Supreme Court", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "決裁", "rd": "けっさい", "mn": "sanction; approval; decision", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "洋裁", "rd": "ようさい", "mn": "(Western) dressmaking", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "簡裁", "rd": "かんさい", "mn": "summary court; court of summary offences", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "供", "g": 6, "o": 847, "f": 313, "j": null, "on": "キョウ、ク、クウ、グ", "kun": "そな.える、とも、-ども", "m": "submit; offer; present; serve (meal); accompany", "pm": "submit", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "共", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "together"}], "hc": "person; strung together; salad; animal legs; eight", "hk": "submit", "hs": "<b>Submit</b> here is a transitive verb, meaning to offer or present. Its elements: <i>person</i> . . . <i>strung together</i>.", "ks": "Mr. T submits a resume together with his application. \"I pity da foo don't got no resume!\" he says.", "v": [{"w": "子供", "rd": "こども", "mn": "child; children", "fr": 511}, {"w": "子供たち", "rd": "こどもたち", "mn": "children; kids", "fr": 2812}, {"w": "提供", "rd": "ていきょう", "mn": "offer; tender; providing; supplying; making available; donating (blood, organs, ", "fr": 3014}, {"w": "子供の頃", "rd": "こどものころ", "mn": "(time of) one's childhood; when one was a child", "fr": 3276}, {"w": "供給", "rd": "きょうきゅう", "mn": "supply; provision", "fr": 10362}, {"w": "子供達", "rd": "こどもたち", "mn": "children; kids", "fr": 10971}, {"w": "供", "rd": "とも", "mn": "companion; follower; attendant; retinue", "fr": 16845}, {"w": "供述", "rd": "きょうじゅつ", "mn": "affidavit; deposition; testimony", "fr": 18348}, {"w": "供える", "rd": "そなえる", "mn": "to offer; to sacrifice; to dedicate", "fr": 18599}, {"w": "供養", "rd": "くよう", "mn": "memorial service for the dead; holding a service", "fr": 19033}, {"w": "自供", "rd": "じきょう", "mn": "confession", "fr": 23231}, {"w": "供与", "rd": "きょうよ", "mn": "giving; provision; furnishing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "供出", "rd": "きょうしゅつ", "mn": "obligatory supply (of goods to the government, e.g. during wartime); delivery (t", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "供物", "rd": "くもつ", "mn": "offering (e.g. to the gods); votive offering", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "子供用", "rd": "こどもよう", "mn": "for use by children; for children", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 499, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "割", "g": 6, "o": 848, "f": 318, "j": null, "on": "カツ", "kun": "わ.る、わり、わ.り、わ.れる、さ.く", "m": "proportion; comparatively; divide; cut; separate; split", "pm": "proportion", "r": [{"c": "害", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "harm"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "harm; mansion; house; grow up; mouth; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "proportion", "hs": "Harm . . . saber.", "ks": "[proportion, comparatively, divide, cut, separate, split] Hey, don't take this out of <b>proportion</b>! I did you just a little <i>harm</i> , no need to come over here with a <i>saber</i> …", "v": [{"w": "割れる", "rd": "われる", "mn": "to break; to be smashed", "fr": 2057}, {"w": "割る", "rd": "わる", "mn": "to divide", "fr": 2792}, {"w": "役割", "rd": "やくわり", "mn": "part; assigning (allotment of) parts; role; duties", "fr": 3198}, {"w": "割", "rd": "わり", "mn": "rate; ratio; proportion", "fr": 5356}, {"w": "割と", "rd": "わりと", "mn": "comparatively; relatively; fairly; rather; pretty; unexpectedly", "fr": 6052}, {"w": "割り込む", "rd": "わりこむ", "mn": "to cut into (a line, conversation, etc.); to force oneself into (e.g. a crowd); ", "fr": 6307}, {"w": "割に", "rd": "わりに", "mn": "comparatively; relatively; fairly; rather; pretty; unexpectedly", "fr": 7628}, {"w": "割り切る", "rd": "わりきる", "mn": "to find a clear solution; to come to a clean decision; to give a clear explanati", "fr": 8727}, {"w": "割合", "rd": "わりあい", "mn": "rate; ratio; percentage; proportion", "fr": 9946}, {"w": "割く", "rd": "さく", "mn": "to tear; to rip up", "fr": 10545}, {"w": "割れ目", "rd": "われめ", "mn": "crack; crevice; split; fissure; cleft; rift; chasm; chink; gap", "fr": 12045}, {"w": "割り出す", "rd": "わりだす", "mn": "to calculate; to compute", "fr": 13711}, {"w": "分割", "rd": "ぶんかつ", "mn": "partition; division; separation; segmenting; splitting", "fr": 14794}, {"w": "割り", "rd": "わり", "mn": "rate; ratio; proportion", "fr": 15050}, {"w": "割り当てる", "rd": "わりあてる", "mn": "to assign; to allot; to allocate; to divide among; to distribute; to prorate; to", "fr": 19604}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 352, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "難", "g": 6, "o": 849, "f": 330, "j": null, "on": "ナン", "kun": "かた.い、-がた.い、むずか.しい、むづか.しい、むつか.しい、-にく.い", "m": "difficult; impossible; trouble; accident; defect", "pm": "difficult", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "夫", "nj": "フ", "ne": "husband"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "scarecrow; flowers; mouth; husband; turkey", "hk": "difficult", "hs": "Scarecrow . . . turkey.", "ks": "Learning Kanji is difficult for Turkeys.", "v": [{"w": "難しい", "rd": "むずかしい", "mn": "difficult; hard; troublesome; complicated; serious (disease, problem, etc.)", "fr": 550}, {"w": "困難", "rd": "こんなん", "mn": "difficulty; hardship; trouble; distress", "fr": 3361}, {"w": "避難", "rd": "ひなん", "mn": "taking refuge; finding shelter; evacuation; escape; seeking safe haven", "fr": 3987}, {"w": "非難", "rd": "ひなん", "mn": "criticism; blame; censure; attack; reproach", "fr": 6234}, {"w": "無難", "rd": "ぶなん", "mn": "safe (e.g. choice); secure; innocuous; inoffensive", "fr": 7457}, {"w": "災難", "rd": "さいなん", "mn": "calamity; misfortune; disaster", "fr": 7524}, {"w": "難い", "rd": "かたい", "mn": "difficult; hard", "fr": 8475}, {"w": "苦難", "rd": "くなん", "mn": "suffering; distress; hardship; trial", "fr": 12639}, {"w": "難", "rd": "なん", "mn": "difficulty; trouble; hardship; shortage", "fr": 13419}, {"w": "遭難", "rd": "そうなん", "mn": "(meeting with) disaster; (having an) accident; mishap; shipwreck; distress", "fr": 13538}, {"w": "難なく", "rd": "なんなく", "mn": "easily", "fr": 13606}, {"w": "気難しい", "rd": "きむずかしい", "mn": "hard to please; difficult; particular; fussy; choosy; picky; fastidious", "fr": 15951}, {"w": "難関", "rd": "なんかん", "mn": "barrier; obstacle; difficulty; hurdle; deadlock", "fr": 16427}, {"w": "難航", "rd": "なんこう", "mn": "difficult voyage; stormy passage; hard flight", "fr": 16669}, {"w": "難解", "rd": "なんかい", "mn": "difficult to understand; unintelligible; abstruse", "fr": 17196}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 90, "rp": 27, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "補", "g": 6, "o": 850, "f": 332, "j": null, "on": "ホ", "kun": "おぎな.う", "m": "supplement; supply; make good; offset; compensate; assistant; learner", "pm": "supplement", "r": [{"c": "衤", "nj": "ころもへん", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "甫", "nj": "ホ", "ne": "for the first time"}], "hc": "cloak; dog-tag; arrowhead; screwdriver; utilize; utilise", "hk": "supplement", "hs": "Cloak . . . dog tag.", "ks": "Ah yes, this dog tag perfectly supplement s my cloak!", "v": [{"w": "候補", "rd": "こうほ", "mn": "candidate; contender; prospect; pick; choice; list", "fr": 3543}, {"w": "補う", "rd": "おぎなう", "mn": "to supplement; to make up for; to compensate for; to cover (a shortage, loss, et", "fr": 7172}, {"w": "補充", "rd": "ほじゅう", "mn": "replenishment; supplementation; supplement; replacement; refilling", "fr": 7429}, {"w": "補給", "rd": "ほきゅう", "mn": "supply; supplying; replenishment", "fr": 7594}, {"w": "補助", "rd": "ほじょ", "mn": "assistance; support; help; aid", "fr": 9769}, {"w": "立候補", "rd": "りっこうほ", "mn": "candidacy; standing as a candidate; bidding (to host an event, e.g. the Olympics", "fr": 10768}, {"w": "補足", "rd": "ほそく", "mn": "supplement; complement", "fr": 11992}, {"w": "補佐", "rd": "ほさ", "mn": "aid; help; assistance; assistant; counselor; counsellor; adviser; advisor", "fr": 12186}, {"w": "補強", "rd": "ほきょう", "mn": "reinforcement; strengthening", "fr": 15119}, {"w": "候補者", "rd": "こうほしゃ", "mn": "candidate; applicant", "fr": 17921}, {"w": "補正", "rd": "ほせい", "mn": "correction; revision; compensation (e.g. to a pendulum)", "fr": 18637}, {"w": "補修", "rd": "ほしゅう", "mn": "repair; mending", "fr": 19155}, {"w": "補完", "rd": "ほかん", "mn": "complementation; supplementation; completion", "fr": 24316}, {"w": "補償", "rd": "ほしょう", "mn": "compensation; reparation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "補欠", "rd": "ほけつ", "mn": "filling a vacancy; supplementation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "優", "g": 6, "o": 851, "f": 334, "j": null, "on": "ユウ、ウ", "kun": "やさ.しい、すぐ.れる、まさ.る", "m": "tenderness; excel; surpass; actor; superiority; gentleness", "pm": "tenderness", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "憂", "nj": "ユウ", "ne": "melancholy"}], "hc": "person; melancholy; summer; head; page; crown; heart; walking legs", "hk": "tenderness", "hs": "Person . . . melancholy.", "ks": "In the Melancholy of Suzumiya Haruhi , you are granted glimpses of her tenderness.", "v": [{"w": "優しい", "rd": "やさしい", "mn": "tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable", "fr": 458}, {"w": "優秀", "rd": "ゆうしゅう", "mn": "superior; excellent; brilliant; outstanding", "fr": 1708}, {"w": "優先", "rd": "ゆうせん", "mn": "preference; priority; precedence; right of way", "fr": 2574}, {"w": "優勝", "rd": "ゆうしょう", "mn": "overall victory; championship; winning the title", "fr": 4110}, {"w": "優れる", "rd": "すぐれる", "mn": "to be better (than); to be superior; to surpass; to excel; to be excellent", "fr": 4210}, {"w": "優雅", "rd": "ゆうが", "mn": "elegant; graceful; refined", "fr": 5297}, {"w": "女優", "rd": "じょゆう", "mn": "actress; female actor", "fr": 7083}, {"w": "優等生", "rd": "ゆうとうせい", "mn": "honor student; honours student; model student; prize pupil", "fr": 8445}, {"w": "俳優", "rd": "はいゆう", "mn": "actor; actress; player; performer", "fr": 10256}, {"w": "優位", "rd": "ゆうい", "mn": "predominance; superiority; ascendancy; advantage; supremacy", "fr": 11600}, {"w": "優越感", "rd": "ゆうえつかん", "mn": "superiority complex; sense of superiority", "fr": 13599}, {"w": "優勢", "rd": "ゆうせい", "mn": "superiority; superior power; predominance; preponderance", "fr": 13947}, {"w": "優柔不断", "rd": "ゆうじゅうふだん", "mn": "indecisive; irresolute; shilly-shally; vacillating", "fr": 16791}, {"w": "優劣", "rd": "ゆうれつ", "mn": "(relative) merits; superiority or inferiority; quality", "fr": 18917}, {"w": "優美", "rd": "ゆうび", "mn": "grace; refinement; elegance; daintiness", "fr": 20092}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 52, "rp": 29, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "収", "g": 6, "o": 852, "f": 337, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "おさ.める、おさ.まる", "m": "income; obtain; reap; pay; supply; store", "pm": "income", "r": [{"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "cornucopia; crotch", "hk": "income", "hs": "<i>Cornucopia</i> . . . <i>crotch</i>. Keep distinct from both <i>fare</i> (Frame 1079) and <i>salary</i> (Frame 1449).", "ks": "Women love men with money. If you have a high income you can get a cornicopia of crotches.", "v": [{"w": "収まる", "rd": "おさまる", "mn": "to fit into (a box, frame, category, etc.); to be contained within; to fall with", "fr": 2452}, {"w": "回収", "rd": "かいしゅう", "mn": "collection; recovery; withdrawal; retrieval", "fr": 2504}, {"w": "収める", "rd": "おさめる", "mn": "to put (into); to put away (in); to put back (in); to keep (in); to store (in); ", "fr": 3315}, {"w": "収穫", "rd": "しゅうかく", "mn": "harvest; crop; ingathering", "fr": 4772}, {"w": "吸収", "rd": "きゅうしゅう", "mn": "absorption; suction; attraction", "fr": 4819}, {"w": "収入", "rd": "しゅうにゅう", "mn": "income; earnings; revenue; proceeds; takings; receipts", "fr": 8111}, {"w": "収録", "rd": "しゅうろく", "mn": "recording (in a book, the minutes, etc.); printing; including", "fr": 8744}, {"w": "没収", "rd": "ぼっしゅう", "mn": "seizure; confiscation; impounding; sequestration; forfeiture", "fr": 8956}, {"w": "収集", "rd": "しゅうしゅう", "mn": "collecting; accumulating; gathering", "fr": 9326}, {"w": "撤収", "rd": "てっしゅう", "mn": "removal (of a building, equipment, etc.); dismantling (e.g. a tent); striking (a", "fr": 9883}, {"w": "収縮", "rd": "しゅうしゅく", "mn": "contraction; shrinking; shrinkage; constriction; deflation", "fr": 10821}, {"w": "買収", "rd": "ばいしゅう", "mn": "acquisition (esp. corporate); buy-out; takeover; purchase", "fr": 10894}, {"w": "収納", "rd": "しゅうのう", "mn": "storage; putting away", "fr": 11128}, {"w": "収容", "rd": "しゅうよう", "mn": "accommodation; taking in; receiving; housing; seating; admission (of patients, s", "fr": 12313}, {"w": "収拾", "rd": "しゅうしゅう", "mn": "control; bringing under control; settling (a matter); putting in order", "fr": 13845}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 64, "rp": 39, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "展", "g": 6, "o": 853, "f": 352, "j": null, "on": "テン", "kun": "", "m": "unfold; expand", "pm": "unfold", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "廾", "nj": "にじゅうあし", "ne": "folded hands"}], "hc": "flag; salad; hairpin; safety-pin", "hk": "unfold", "hs": "Flag . . . salad . . . hairpin.", "ks": "Unfold flag , take out the salad , pin the flag down with hairpins and have a picnic.", "v": [{"w": "展開", "rd": "てんかい", "mn": "development; evolution; progression; unfolding; (plot) twist", "fr": 1674}, {"w": "発展", "rd": "はってん", "mn": "development; growth; expansion; extension; flourishing", "fr": 3735}, {"w": "進展", "rd": "しんてん", "mn": "progress; development", "fr": 5658}, {"w": "展示", "rd": "てんじ", "mn": "exhibition; display", "fr": 10720}, {"w": "展望", "rd": "てんぼう", "mn": "view; outlook; prospect", "fr": 19283}, {"w": "展覧会", "rd": "てんらんかい", "mn": "exhibition", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "個展", "rd": "こてん", "mn": "solo exhibition; one-man exhibition; one-woman exhibition", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "出展", "rd": "しゅってん", "mn": "exhibit; display", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "展示会", "rd": "てんじかい", "mn": "exhibition", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "発展途上国", "rd": "はってんとじょうこく", "mn": "developing country", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "美術展", "rd": "びじゅつてん", "mn": "art exhibition", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "宅", "g": 6, "o": 854, "f": 357, "j": null, "on": "タク", "kun": "", "m": "home; house; residence; our house; my husband", "pm": "home", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "乇", "nj": "タク", "ne": "to depend on"}], "hc": "house; lock of hair", "hk": "home", "hs": "House . . . lock of hair.", "ks": "At home , all the drains in my house are clogged up with locks of hair.", "v": [{"w": "自宅", "rd": "じたく", "mn": "one's home; one's house", "fr": 2944}, {"w": "帰宅", "rd": "きたく", "mn": "returning home; going home; coming home; getting home", "fr": 4532}, {"w": "お宅", "rd": "おたく", "mn": "your house; your home; your family", "fr": 5470}, {"w": "住宅街", "rd": "じゅうたくがい", "mn": "residential area", "fr": 12432}, {"w": "宅", "rd": "たく", "mn": "house; home", "fr": 14183}, {"w": "住宅", "rd": "じゅうたく", "mn": "residence; housing; residential building", "fr": 14475}, {"w": "宅配便", "rd": "たくはいびん", "mn": "express home delivery service", "fr": 20087}, {"w": "邸宅", "rd": "ていたく", "mn": "(large) house; residence; mansion", "fr": 22473}, {"w": "在宅", "rd": "ざいたく", "mn": "being at home; being in", "fr": 23151}, {"w": "宅配", "rd": "たくはい", "mn": "home delivery", "fr": 23472}, {"w": "住宅地", "rd": "じゅうたくち", "mn": "housing district; residential district", "fr": 24346}, {"w": "社宅", "rd": "しゃたく", "mn": "company housing; housing provided by one's company", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "宅地", "rd": "たくち", "mn": "building lot; residential land", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宅急便", "rd": "たっきゅうびん", "mn": "TA-Q-BIN (express home delivery service provided by Yamato Transport)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "家宅", "rd": "かたく", "mn": "domicile; premises", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 107, "rp": 23, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "視", "g": 6, "o": 855, "f": 362, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "み.る", "m": "inspection; regard as; see; look at", "pm": "inspection", "r": [{"c": "礻", "nj": "しめすへん", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "見", "nj": "みる", "ne": "to see"}], "hc": "altar; see; telescope; eye; human legs", "hk": "inspection", "hs": "Altar . . . see.", "ks": "The beaurocracy in Japan is such that even altars need to be <b>inspection</b> approved. A little man with glasses comes once a year to give the <i>altar</i> a \"visual once over\" as he calls it (perhaps checking for unauthorised symbology?).", "v": [{"w": "無視", "rd": "むし", "mn": "disregarding; ignoring", "fr": 1214}, {"w": "視線", "rd": "しせん", "mn": "one's line of sight; one's gaze; one's eyes (looking); glance; gaze; look", "fr": 1924}, {"w": "監視", "rd": "かんし", "mn": "monitoring; watching; observation; surveillance; guarding; supervision; lookout", "fr": 2480}, {"w": "視界", "rd": "しかい", "mn": "field of vision; visibility; view; visual field; (one's) ken", "fr": 2803}, {"w": "視点", "rd": "してん", "mn": "point of view; viewpoint; angle; perspective", "fr": 5780}, {"w": "重視", "rd": "じゅうし", "mn": "regarding as important; attaching importance to; taking a serious view of; putti", "fr": 7022}, {"w": "凝視", "rd": "ぎょうし", "mn": "stare; gaze; fixation", "fr": 7520}, {"w": "直視", "rd": "ちょくし", "mn": "taking a straight look at something; looking someone in the eyes", "fr": 9346}, {"w": "視覚", "rd": "しかく", "mn": "(sense of) sight; eyesight; vision", "fr": 9410}, {"w": "視野", "rd": "しや", "mn": "field of vision; view", "fr": 9649}, {"w": "視力", "rd": "しりょく", "mn": "eyesight; vision; visual acuity", "fr": 9670}, {"w": "視察", "rd": "しさつ", "mn": "inspection; observation", "fr": 9925}, {"w": "警視庁", "rd": "けいしちょう", "mn": "Metropolitan Police Department (Tokyo)", "fr": 12241}, {"w": "視聴者", "rd": "しちょうしゃ", "mn": "viewer (esp. of television, streaming video content); audience; viewership; list", "fr": 15102}, {"w": "視聴", "rd": "しちょう", "mn": "looking and listening; (television) viewing; watching", "fr": 20684}], "p": null}, {"k": "警", "g": 6, "o": 856, "f": 366, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "いまし.める", "m": "admonish; commandment", "pm": "admonish", "r": [{"c": "敬", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "awe"}, {"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}], "hc": "awe; flowers; phrase; bound up; mouth; taskmaster; say; words; keitai; mouth", "hk": "admonish", "hs": "Here you have a perfect example of how an apparently impossible snarl of strokes becomes a snap to learn once you know its elements. The idea of being <b>admonished</b> for something already sets up a superior-inferior relationship between you and the person you are supposed to stand in <i>awe</i> of. While you are restricted to answering in honorifics, the superior can use straightforward and ordinary <i>words</i>.", "ks": "To <b>admonish</b> is to enforce <i>awe</i> by means of <i>words</i>.", "v": [{"w": "警察", "rd": "けいさつ", "mn": "police", "fr": 1149}, {"w": "警戒", "rd": "けいかい", "mn": "vigilance; caution; alertness; precaution; being on guard", "fr": 1989}, {"w": "警備", "rd": "けいび", "mn": "defense; defence; guard; policing; security", "fr": 4245}, {"w": "警告", "rd": "けいこく", "mn": "warning; caution; admonition", "fr": 4790}, {"w": "警官", "rd": "けいかん", "mn": "police officer; policeman; constable", "fr": 6842}, {"w": "警察官", "rd": "けいさつかん", "mn": "police officer; policeman; policewoman", "fr": 7493}, {"w": "警報", "rd": "けいほう", "mn": "warning; alarm; alert", "fr": 10139}, {"w": "警護", "rd": "けいご", "mn": "bodyguard; escort", "fr": 10451}, {"w": "警視庁", "rd": "けいしちょう", "mn": "Metropolitan Police Department (Tokyo)", "fr": 12241}, {"w": "警察署", "rd": "けいさつしょ", "mn": "police station", "fr": 14124}, {"w": "警部", "rd": "けいぶ", "mn": "police inspector", "fr": 18041}, {"w": "府警", "rd": "ふけい", "mn": "prefectural police (Osaka or Kyoto)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "県警", "rd": "けんけい", "mn": "prefectural police", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "警報器", "rd": "けいほうき", "mn": "alarm (fire, burglar, railroad-crossing, etc.); sensor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "警察庁", "rd": "けいさつちょう", "mn": "National Police Agency; NPA", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 73, "rp": 39, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "訪", "g": 6, "o": 857, "f": 372, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "おとず.れる、たず.ねる、と.う", "m": "call on; visit; look up; offer sympathy", "pm": "call on", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; compass; direction", "hk": "call on", "hs": "When making a courtesy <b>call on</b> a dignitary, one has to gauge one's <i>words</i> with great care. Hence the need for a <i>compass</i>.", "ks": "When you <b>call on</b> someone, you point your words in their direction.", "v": [{"w": "訪れる", "rd": "おとずれる", "mn": "to visit; to call on", "fr": 1689}, {"w": "訪ねる", "rd": "たずねる", "mn": "to visit; to call on; to pay a visit to", "fr": 2710}, {"w": "訪問", "rd": "ほうもん", "mn": "call; visit", "fr": 7374}, {"w": "来訪", "rd": "らいほう", "mn": "visit (from someone); call", "fr": 14576}, {"w": "訪れ", "rd": "おとずれ", "mn": "visit; call", "fr": 21290}, {"w": "戸別訪問", "rd": "こべつほうもん", "mn": "door-to-door visit; door-to-door canvassing (canvasing)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "探訪", "rd": "たんぼう", "mn": "searching; hunting for news story; journalist", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歴訪", "rd": "れきほう", "mn": "round of calls; tour of visitation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "訪中", "rd": "ほうちゅう", "mn": "visit to China", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "訪問者", "rd": "ほうもんしゃ", "mn": "visitor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "訪日", "rd": "ほうにち", "mn": "visit to Japan", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "訪欧", "rd": "ほうおう", "mn": "visit to Europe; visiting Europe", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "訪米", "rd": "ほうべい", "mn": "visit to the United States", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 102, "rp": 24, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "域", "g": 6, "o": 858, "f": 396, "j": null, "on": "イキ", "kun": "", "m": "range; region; limits; stage; level", "pm": "range", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "或", "nj": "ワク", "ne": "some"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; pope; fiesta; mouth; one; floor", "hk": "range", "hs": "From its original meaning of a defined area or zone, a <b>range</b> has also come to mean a grazing <i>land</i> where cowboys roam and do whatever it is they do with cows. When the herds have all been driven to market, there is a great homecoming <i>fiesta</i> like that pictured here. As soon as the cowboys come home, home on the <b>range</b> , the first thing they do is kiss the ground (the <i>mouth</i> on the <i>floor</i> ), and then get on with the <i>fiesta</i>.", "ks": "When the land was within range , the pirates kissed the deck and had a fiesta.", "v": [{"w": "地域", "rd": "ちいき", "mn": "area; region; district; locality", "fr": 3586}, {"w": "領域", "rd": "りょういき", "mn": "territory; domain", "fr": 5019}, {"w": "区域", "rd": "くいき", "mn": "area; zone; district; quarter; section; limits; boundary", "fr": 12940}, {"w": "全域", "rd": "ぜんいき", "mn": "the whole area; the entire region; all parts (of)", "fr": 14441}, {"w": "聖域", "rd": "せいいき", "mn": "sacred precincts; sanctuary; consecrated ground; holy ground", "fr": 14497}, {"w": "域外", "rd": "いきがい", "mn": "outside the area", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "流域", "rd": "りゅういき", "mn": "drainage basin; catchment basin; river basin; watershed; valley", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "地域社会", "rd": "ちいきしゃかい", "mn": "regional community", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "域内", "rd": "いきない", "mn": "inside the area", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "広域", "rd": "こういき", "mn": "wide area", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "戦域", "rd": "せんいき", "mn": "war area; battlefield; theater; theatre", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "水域", "rd": "すいいき", "mn": "waters; water area", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "海域", "rd": "かいいき", "mn": "area of sea; waters", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "空域", "rd": "くういき", "mn": "airspace", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 12, "rp": 87, "l": 18, "n": "域 城 減"}}, {"k": "映", "g": 6, "o": 859, "f": 404, "j": null, "on": "エイ", "kun": "うつ.る、うつ.す、は.える、-ば.え", "m": "reflect; reflection; projection", "pm": "reflect", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "央", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "center"}], "hc": "sun; day; centre; center; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "reflect", "hs": "Sun . . . center.", "ks": "In the solar system, the Sun is the central source of all light, everything else just <b>reflect</b> s it.", "v": [{"w": "映画", "rd": "えいが", "mn": "movie; film; motion picture", "fr": 1629}, {"w": "映る", "rd": "うつる", "mn": "to be reflected; to harmonize with (harmonise); to come out (photo); to be proje", "fr": 1916}, {"w": "映像", "rd": "えいぞう", "mn": "image (on a screen); picture (e.g. on a TV)", "fr": 2202}, {"w": "映す", "rd": "うつす", "mn": "to project; to reflect; to cast (shadow)", "fr": 5332}, {"w": "映し出す", "rd": "うつしだす", "mn": "to project; to show (on a screen); to reflect (of a mirror, lake, etc.)", "fr": 7849}, {"w": "映える", "rd": "はえる", "mn": "to shine; to glow", "fr": 9154}, {"w": "反映", "rd": "はんえい", "mn": "reflection (of light)", "fr": 9856}, {"w": "映画館", "rd": "えいがかん", "mn": "movie theatre; movie theater; cinema", "fr": 10157}, {"w": "上映", "rd": "じょうえい", "mn": "screening (a movie); showing", "fr": 14888}, {"w": "放映", "rd": "ほうえい", "mn": "televising; broadcasting; airing", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 77, "rp": 47, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "担", "g": 6, "o": 860, "f": 422, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "かつ.ぐ、にな.う", "m": "shouldering; carry; raise; bear", "pm": "shouldering", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "旦", "nj": "タン", "ne": "daybreak"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; nightbreak; sun; day; one; floor", "hk": "shouldering", "hs": "The key word of this frame refers to <b>shouldering</b> a burden of some sort. Its elements are: <i>fingers</i> . . . <i>nightbreak</i>.", "ks": "One of Hercules' labors was to hold the world in his <i>fingers</i> for Atlas and not move until <i>nightbreak</i> , <b>shouldering</b> the considerable burden.", "v": [{"w": "担当", "rd": "たんとう", "mn": "being in charge (of an area of responsibility); being responsible (for a work ro", "fr": 1273}, {"w": "負担", "rd": "ふたん", "mn": "burden; load; responsibility", "fr": 3105}, {"w": "担う", "rd": "になう", "mn": "to carry on one's shoulder; to shoulder; to bear", "fr": 5752}, {"w": "担任", "rd": "たんにん", "mn": "being in charge of (esp. a class or subject); taking charge of", "fr": 6228}, {"w": "担ぐ", "rd": "かつぐ", "mn": "to shoulder; to carry on one's shoulder", "fr": 7090}, {"w": "担当者", "rd": "たんとうしゃ", "mn": "person in charge (of an area of work, etc.); person responsible; contact (person", "fr": 11917}, {"w": "分担", "rd": "ぶんたん", "mn": "taking on one's share (e.g. of work); dividing (work, expenses, etc.) between; a", "fr": 12273}, {"w": "加担", "rd": "かたん", "mn": "support; participation; assistance; complicity; conspiracy", "fr": 12603}, {"w": "担保", "rd": "たんぽ", "mn": "security; guarantee; collateral; mortgage", "fr": 21200}, {"w": "担架", "rd": "たんか", "mn": "stretcher; litter; gurney", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "担い手", "rd": "にないて", "mn": "bearer; carrier", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "担ぎ", "rd": "かつぎ", "mn": "carrier", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "退", "g": 6, "o": 861, "f": 424, "j": null, "on": "タイ", "kun": "しりぞ.く、しりぞ.ける、ひ.く、の.く、の.ける、ど.く", "m": "retreat; withdraw; retire; resign; repel; expel; reject", "pm": "retreat", "r": [{"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "road; silver", "hk": "retreat", "hs": "Road . . . silver.", "ks": "You see a huge army of people in silver armour on the road so you <b>retreat</b>.", "v": [{"w": "退屈", "rd": "たいくつ", "mn": "tedious; boring; dull; uninteresting; tiresome; monotonous", "fr": 2420}, {"w": "引退", "rd": "いんたい", "mn": "retirement", "fr": 4755}, {"w": "退く", "rd": "しりぞく", "mn": "to step back; to move back; to retreat", "fr": 5289}, {"w": "退院", "rd": "たいいん", "mn": "leaving hospital; discharge from hospital", "fr": 5473}, {"w": "退治", "rd": "たいじ", "mn": "extermination; elimination; eradication; destruction; suppression; subjugation; ", "fr": 5790}, {"w": "撤退", "rd": "てったい", "mn": "evacuation; withdrawal; revocation; repeal; retreat", "fr": 5845}, {"w": "退ける", "rd": "どける", "mn": "to put something out of the way; to move (something, someone) aside", "fr": 7303}, {"w": "後退", "rd": "こうたい", "mn": "retreat; falling back; moving backwards; reversing; backing up (of a vehicle); r", "fr": 7940}, {"w": "辞退", "rd": "じたい", "mn": "declining; refusal; nonacceptance; turning down; withdrawal (e.g. of candidacy);", "fr": 9510}, {"w": "退場", "rd": "たいじょう", "mn": "leaving (a hall, meeting, stadium, etc.); exit; walkout", "fr": 10210}, {"w": "退学", "rd": "たいがく", "mn": "dropping out of school; withdrawal from school", "fr": 10397}, {"w": "退避", "rd": "たいひ", "mn": "taking refuge; evacuation", "fr": 10842}, {"w": "退職", "rd": "たいしょく", "mn": "retirement; resignation", "fr": 12984}, {"w": "早退", "rd": "そうたい", "mn": "leaving early", "fr": 13582}, {"w": "退却", "rd": "たいきゃく", "mn": "retreat; withdrawal; retirement", "fr": 16192}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 86, "rp": 26, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "株", "g": 6, "o": 862, "f": 432, "j": null, "on": "シュ", "kun": "かぶ", "m": "stocks; stump; shares; stock; counter for small plants", "pm": "stocks", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "朱", "nj": "シュ", "ne": "vermilion"}], "hc": "tree; wood; vermillion; drop; not yet; one; tree; wood", "hk": "stocks", "hs": "The <b>stocks</b> bought and sold on the market by the tens of millions each day get their name from a comparison to a healthy <i>tree</i> , in which one takes \" <b>stock</b> \" in the hopes that it will grow and produce more and more <i>trees</i> like itself. Usually good <b>stocks</b> are referred to as  \"blue chip,\" but here we are asked to associate the key word with the color <i>vermilion</i> , perhaps because one can assess the value of a tree from the color of its autumn leaves.", "ks": "I have a hot tip for you. Buy stocks in a company called \"Tree and Vermillion Ltd\".", "v": [{"w": "株式会社", "rd": "かぶしきがいしゃ", "mn": "stock company; corporation; kabushiki kaisha; KK", "fr": 6611}, {"w": "株", "rd": "かぶ", "mn": "stock; share", "fr": 7630}, {"w": "株式", "rd": "かぶしき", "mn": "share (in a company); stock", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "持ち株", "rd": "もちかぶ", "mn": "stock holdings; one's shares", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新株", "rd": "しんかぶ", "mn": "new stock; new share; newly issued shares", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "株主", "rd": "かぶぬし", "mn": "shareholder; stockholder", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "株価", "rd": "かぶか", "mn": "stock prices", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "株券", "rd": "かぶけん", "mn": "stock certificate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "株式市場", "rd": "かぶしきしじょう", "mn": "stock market", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "姿", "g": 6, "o": 863, "f": 441, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "すがた", "m": "figure; form; shape", "pm": "figure", "r": [{"c": "次", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "next"}, {"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}], "hc": "next; ice; lack; yawn; woman", "hk": "figure", "hs": "This kanji depicts a <i>woman's</i> <b>figure</b> as a sort of <i>second</i> self.", "ks": "Whenever I am next to a woman , I can't help but take notice of her figure.", "v": [{"w": "姿", "rd": "すがた", "mn": "figure; form; shape", "fr": 367}, {"w": "姿勢", "rd": "しせい", "mn": "posture; pose; position; stance; carriage (of the body)", "fr": 2769}, {"w": "容姿", "rd": "ようし", "mn": "(physical) appearance (of a person); one's face and figure", "fr": 5833}, {"w": "後ろ姿", "rd": "うしろすがた", "mn": "(a person's) appearance from behind; person as seen from behind; back view; retr", "fr": 5970}], "p": null}, {"k": "閣", "g": 6, "o": 864, "f": 444, "j": null, "on": "カク", "kun": "", "m": "tower; tall building; palace", "pm": "tower", "r": [{"c": "門", "nj": "もんがまえ", "ne": "gate"}, {"c": "各", "nj": "カク", "ne": "each"}], "hc": "gates; each; walking legs; mouth", "hk": "tower", "hs": "Gates . . . each.", "ks": "Each lesbian waits for her turn with \"the tower \".", "v": [{"w": "閣下", "rd": "かっか", "mn": "your Excellency; his Excellency; her Excellency", "fr": 16355}, {"w": "内閣", "rd": "ないかく", "mn": "cabinet (of a government); ministry", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "倒閣", "rd": "とうかく", "mn": "overthrow of government", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "入閣", "rd": "にゅうかく", "mn": "joining the cabinet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "内閣官房", "rd": "ないかくかんぼう", "mn": "Cabinet Secretariat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "内閣府", "rd": "ないかくふ", "mn": "Cabinet Office", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "内閣法制局", "rd": "ないかくほうせいきょく", "mn": "Cabinet Legislation Bureau", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "影の内閣", "rd": "かげのないかく", "mn": "shadow cabinet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "楼閣", "rd": "ろうかく", "mn": "multistoried building; castle; palace; shrine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "組閣", "rd": "そかく", "mn": "formation of a cabinet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "閣僚", "rd": "かくりょう", "mn": "cabinet ministers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "閣内", "rd": "かくない", "mn": "(inside the) Cabinet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "閣議", "rd": "かくぎ", "mn": "cabinet meeting", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "衆", "g": 6, "o": 865, "f": 450, "j": null, "on": "シュウ、シュ", "kun": "おお.い", "m": "masses; great numbers; multitude; populace", "pm": "masses", "r": [{"c": "血", "nj": "ち", "ne": "blood"}, {"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}], "hc": "blood; drop; dish; Carol in rags person; rag", "hk": "masses", "hs": "Blood . . . drag . . . rag.", "ks": "<b>Masses</b> of zombies, splattered with blood. (any zombie movie).", "v": [{"w": "衆", "rd": "しゅう", "mn": "great numbers (of people); numerical superiority; masses", "fr": 10828}, {"w": "公衆", "rd": "こうしゅう", "mn": "the public; general public", "fr": 13004}, {"w": "民衆", "rd": "みんしゅう", "mn": "people; populace; masses", "fr": 13093}, {"w": "大衆", "rd": "たいしゅう", "mn": "general public; the masses", "fr": 14946}, {"w": "群衆", "rd": "ぐんしゅう", "mn": "group (of people); crowd; horde; throng; mob; multitude", "fr": 18755}, {"w": "公衆電話", "rd": "こうしゅうでんわ", "mn": "public telephone; pay phone", "fr": 22477}, {"w": "観衆", "rd": "かんしゅう", "mn": "spectators; onlookers; members of the audience", "fr": 23790}, {"w": "衆議院", "rd": "しゅうぎいん", "mn": "House of Representatives (lower house of the National Diet of Japan)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "アメリカ合衆国", "rd": "アメリカがっしゅうこく", "mn": "United States of America", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公衆衛生", "rd": "こうしゅうえいせい", "mn": "public health; public hygiene; sanitation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大衆文学", "rd": "たいしゅうぶんがく", "mn": "popular literature", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "聴衆", "rd": "ちょうしゅう", "mn": "audience; attendance; hearers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "衆院", "rd": "しゅういん", "mn": "House of Representatives (lower house of the National Diet of Japan)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "若", "g": 6, "o": 866, "f": 458, "j": null, "on": "ジャク、ニャク、ニャ", "kun": "わか.い、わか-、も.しくわ、も.し、も.しくは、ごと.し", "m": "young; if; perhaps; possibly; low number; immature", "pm": "young", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "右", "nj": "ウ", "ne": "right"}], "hc": "flowers; right; by one’s side; mouth", "hk": "young", "hs": "Here we see a <i>flower</i> held in the <i>right</i> hand. You can imagine yourself in a magic garden where <i>flowers</i> picked with the <i>right</i> hand grant eternal <b>youth</b> , and those picked with the left, premature senility. Go ahead, pick one with each hand and watch what happens.", "ks": "The <b>young</b> little girl held a cute flower in her right hand.", "v": [{"w": "若し", "rd": "もし", "mn": "if; in case; supposing", "fr": 269}, {"w": "若い", "rd": "わかい", "mn": "young; youthful", "fr": 575}, {"w": "若者", "rd": "わかもの", "mn": "young person; youngster; young people; (the) youth", "fr": 2703}, {"w": "若しくは", "rd": "もしくは", "mn": "or; otherwise", "fr": 3373}, {"w": "若干", "rd": "じゃっかん", "mn": "some; few; a number of; a little (bit)", "fr": 4694}, {"w": "若い頃", "rd": "わかいころ", "mn": "one's youth; early life; one's early days; one's early years", "fr": 7155}, {"w": "若手", "rd": "わかて", "mn": "young person", "fr": 11152}, {"w": "若さ", "rd": "わかさ", "mn": "youth; youthfulness", "fr": 16319}, {"w": "若々しい", "rd": "わかわかしい", "mn": "youthful; young; young-looking", "fr": 17216}, {"w": "老若男女", "rd": "ろうにゃくなんにょ", "mn": "men and women of all ages", "fr": 20223}, {"w": "若いころ", "rd": "わかいころ", "mn": "one's youth; early life; one's early days; one's early years", "fr": 20822}, {"w": "若しかしたら", "rd": "もしかしたら", "mn": "perhaps; maybe; perchance; by some chance; by any chance", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "若しかして", "rd": "もしかして", "mn": "perhaps; possibly; maybe; by any chance; if I'm not mistaken", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "若しかすると", "rd": "もしかすると", "mn": "perhaps; possibly; maybe; by some chance", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "若しも", "rd": "もしも", "mn": "if; in case; supposing", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 272, "rp": 14, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "脳", "g": 6, "o": 867, "f": 459, "j": null, "on": "ノウ、ドウ", "kun": "のうずる", "m": "brain; memory", "pm": "brain", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "凶", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "villain"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; owl; villain; sheaf; shovel", "hk": "brain", "hs": "<i>Part of the body</i> . . . <i>owl</i> . . . <i>villain</i>. By way of exception, the kanji for <b>brain</b> has no connection with the primitive for <i>brains</i>.", "ks": "The <b>brain</b> is the part of the body that can give you the wisdom of the owl… or the wickedness of the villain.", "v": [{"w": "脳", "rd": "のう", "mn": "brain", "fr": 2354}, {"w": "脳裏", "rd": "のうり", "mn": "one's mind", "fr": 6039}, {"w": "頭脳", "rd": "ずのう", "mn": "head; brains", "fr": 6927}, {"w": "洗脳", "rd": "せんのう", "mn": "brainwashing", "fr": 9559}, {"w": "脳波", "rd": "のうは", "mn": "brain waves", "fr": 24366}, {"w": "首脳", "rd": "しゅのう", "mn": "head; leader; top", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "大脳", "rd": "だいのう", "mn": "cerebrum", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脳出血", "rd": "のうしゅっけつ", "mn": "cerebral hemorrhage; cerebral haemorrhage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脳卒中", "rd": "のうそっちゅう", "mn": "stroke; cerebral haemorrhage; cerebral hemorrhage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脳死", "rd": "のうし", "mn": "brain death", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脳炎", "rd": "のうえん", "mn": "brain inflammation; encephalitis; cerebritis", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "首脳部", "rd": "しゅのうぶ", "mn": "executives; top management; governing body", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "蔵", "g": 6, "o": 868, "f": 468, "j": null, "on": "ゾウ、ソウ", "kun": "くら、おさ.める、かく.れる", "m": "storehouse; hide; own; have; possess", "pm": "storehouse", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "戈", "nj": "ほこ", "ne": "spear"}, {"c": "臣", "nj": "しん", "ne": "retainer"}], "hc": "flowers; parade; retainer; slave", "hk": "storehouse", "hs": "Flowers . . . parade . . . slaves.", "ks": "Slaves moved flowers from the storehouse in preparation for the parade.", "v": [{"w": "冷蔵庫", "rd": "れいぞうこ", "mn": "refrigerator; fridge", "fr": 3809}, {"w": "蔵", "rd": "くら", "mn": "warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown; depository; treasury; ", "fr": 13516}, {"w": "内蔵", "rd": "ないぞう", "mn": "internal (e.g. disk); built-in; equipped (with)", "fr": 19077}, {"w": "無尽蔵", "rd": "むじんぞう", "mn": "inexhaustible supply", "fr": 20826}, {"w": "蔵書", "rd": "ぞうしょ", "mn": "collection of books; (personal) library", "fr": 23815}, {"w": "冷蔵", "rd": "れいぞう", "mn": "cold storage; refrigeration", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "埋蔵", "rd": "まいぞう", "mn": "burying in the ground", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "蔵相", "rd": "ぞうしょう", "mn": "Minister of Finance", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "貯蔵", "rd": "ちょぞう", "mn": "storage; preservation; stocking; stockpiling", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "地蔵", "rd": "じぞう", "mn": "Kshitigarbha (bodhisattva who looks over children, travellers and the underworld", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大蔵", "rd": "おおくら", "mn": "Ministry of Finance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大蔵省", "rd": "おおくらしょう", "mn": "Ministry of Finance (1869-2001)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "所蔵", "rd": "しょぞう", "mn": "(in one's) possession", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "段", "g": 6, "o": 869, "f": 479, "j": null, "on": "ダン、タン", "kun": "", "m": "grade; steps; stairs", "pm": "grade", "r": [{"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "staple gun; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "grade", "hs": "The kanji connoting rank or class shows us a new element on the left: the familiar primitive for <i>staples</i> with an additional stroke cutting through the vertical stroke. It is easiest in these cases to make a primitive related to what we already know. Hence, we call it a <i>staple gun</i>. To the right, <i>missile</i>.", "ks": "This is a military- <b>grade</b> <i>staple gun</i>! It can be loaded with real <i>missiles</i>.", "v": [{"w": "普段", "rd": "ふだん", "mn": "usual; normal; everyday; habitual; ordinary", "fr": 1709}, {"w": "階段", "rd": "かいだん", "mn": "stairs; stairway; staircase", "fr": 2040}, {"w": "手段", "rd": "しゅだん", "mn": "means; way; measure", "fr": 2068}, {"w": "段階", "rd": "だんかい", "mn": "stage; step; phase", "fr": 2567}, {"w": "値段", "rd": "ねだん", "mn": "price; cost", "fr": 3589}, {"w": "一段", "rd": "いちだん", "mn": "even more; still more; much more; further", "fr": 5268}, {"w": "段", "rd": "だん", "mn": "step; stair; rung; (flight of) steps", "fr": 5807}, {"w": "段取り", "rd": "だんどり", "mn": "programme; program; plans; arrangements", "fr": 8390}, {"w": "一段落", "rd": "いちだんらく", "mn": "reaching a stopping place; settling down (before the next stage); getting to a p", "fr": 9304}, {"w": "格段", "rd": "かくだん", "mn": "dramatic (improvement); remarkable (difference); marked; noticeable", "fr": 9750}, {"w": "段々", "rd": "だんだん", "mn": "gradually; by degrees; little by little; more and more; increasingly", "fr": 10355}, {"w": "段ボール", "rd": "だんボール", "mn": "(corrugated) cardboard", "fr": 14754}, {"w": "普段着", "rd": "ふだんぎ", "mn": "everyday clothes; ordinary clothes; casual wear; informal dress", "fr": 18991}, {"w": "現段階", "rd": "げんだんかい", "mn": "present stage; current phase", "fr": 22609}, {"w": "石段", "rd": "いしだん", "mn": "(flight of) stone steps; stone stairway", "fr": 23581}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 128, "rp": 22, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "呼", "g": 6, "o": 870, "f": 498, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "よ.ぶ", "m": "call; call out to; invite", "pm": "call", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "乎", "nj": "コ", "ne": "question mark"}], "hc": "mouth; even; water-lily; lily pad; question mark", "hk": "call", "hs": "<i>Mouth</i> . . . <i>water lily</i>. Note: this is the one time that the  \"stem\" has a barb at the end. Work this fact into your story.", "ks": "I just follow the calls from the frogs mouths on the lily pads to hook them.", "v": [{"w": "呼ぶ", "rd": "よぶ", "mn": "to call out (to); to call; to invoke", "fr": 221}, {"w": "呼び出す", "rd": "よびだす", "mn": "to call (someone) to (the door, phone, etc.); to tell (someone) to come; to call", "fr": 1491}, {"w": "呼吸", "rd": "こきゅう", "mn": "breathing; respiration", "fr": 2606}, {"w": "呼びかける", "rd": "よびかける", "mn": "to call out to; to hail; to address", "fr": 4374}, {"w": "呼び出し", "rd": "よびだし", "mn": "call; summons; paging; curtain call", "fr": 8261}, {"w": "呼びかけ", "rd": "よびかけ", "mn": "call; appeal", "fr": 8418}, {"w": "呼び戻す", "rd": "よびもどす", "mn": "to call (someone) back; to recall; to call home", "fr": 8807}, {"w": "呼び捨て", "rd": "よびすて", "mn": "addressing (someone) without using a suffix such as \"-san\" or \"-chan\" (considere", "fr": 9078}, {"w": "呼び名", "rd": "よびな", "mn": "popular name; common name; given name", "fr": 9428}, {"w": "呼応", "rd": "こおう", "mn": "hailing each other", "fr": 11323}, {"w": "呼称", "rd": "こしょう", "mn": "name; designation; denomination; naming; giving a name", "fr": 16332}, {"w": "呼び声", "rd": "よびごえ", "mn": "call; hail; yell", "fr": 21867}, {"w": "人工呼吸", "rd": "じんこうこきゅう", "mn": "artificial respiration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "呼び水", "rd": "よびみず", "mn": "pump-priming; rousing; stimulation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "呼吸器", "rd": "こきゅうき", "mn": "respiratory organs", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 169, "rp": 15, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "針", "g": 6, "o": 871, "f": 505, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "はり", "m": "needle; pin; staple; stinger", "pm": "needle", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "metal; gold; ten", "hk": "needle", "hs": "In frame 10 we referred ahead to this full character from which the primitive for <i>needle</i> (on the right) derives. Since we already expect that <b>needles</b> are made of <i>metal</i> , let us picture a set of solid <i>gold</i> darning <b>needles</b> to complete the kanji.", "ks": "The golden needle is the true needle.", "v": [{"w": "針", "rd": "はり", "mn": "needle; pin", "fr": 3800}, {"w": "方針", "rd": "ほうしん", "mn": "policy; course; plan (of action); principle", "fr": 4116}, {"w": "指針", "rd": "ししん", "mn": "needle (compass, gauge, etc.); hand (clock); indicator; pointer; index", "fr": 21394}, {"w": "針金", "rd": "はりがね", "mn": "wire", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "羅針盤", "rd": "らしんばん", "mn": "compass", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "釣り針", "rd": "つりばり", "mn": "fish hook", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "専", "g": 6, "o": 872, "f": 506, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "もっぱ.ら", "m": "specialty; exclusive; mainly; solely", "pm": "specialty", "r": [{"c": "由", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "wherefore"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "ten; needle; rice field; brains; glue", "hk": "specialty", "hs": "<i>Ten</i> . . . <i>rice fields</i> . . . <i>glue</i>. That is how one would read the primitive elements of this kanji from top to bottom. Now if we make a simple sentence out of these elements, we get:  \" <i>Ten rice fields glued</i> together. \" A <b>specialty</b> , of course, refers to one's special \" <i>field</i> \" of endeavor or competence. In fact, few people remain content with a single <b>specialty</b> and usually extend themselves in other <i>fields</i> as well. This is how we come to get the picture of <i>ten fields glued</i> together to represent a <b>specialty</b>.", "ks": "She's so good at her speciality , it's like ten brains glue d together.", "v": [{"w": "専門", "rd": "せんもん", "mn": "speciality; specialty; special subject of study; area of expertise; (one's) fiel", "fr": 3556}, {"w": "専用", "rd": "せんよう", "mn": "(one's) exclusive use; private use; personal use", "fr": 3836}, {"w": "専念", "rd": "せんねん", "mn": "absorption; giving undivided attention; devoting oneself (to)", "fr": 5797}, {"w": "専門家", "rd": "せんもんか", "mn": "specialist; expert; professional; authority; pundit", "fr": 7164}, {"w": "専属", "rd": "せんぞく", "mn": "exclusive; attached to; specialist", "fr": 10688}, {"w": "専ら", "rd": "もっぱら", "mn": "wholly; solely; entirely; exclusively; devotedly; fixedly", "fr": 14332}, {"w": "専門的", "rd": "せんもんてき", "mn": "technical; specialist; professional; exclusive", "fr": 17965}, {"w": "専門店", "rd": "せんもんてん", "mn": "specialist shop; shop specializing in a particular type of product", "fr": 19236}, {"w": "専門学校", "rd": "せんもんがっこう", "mn": "vocational school; technical school", "fr": 22920}, {"w": "専攻", "rd": "せんこう", "mn": "major subject; special study", "fr": 23190}, {"w": "専務", "rd": "せんむ", "mn": "special duty; being in sole charge of a duty", "fr": 23619}, {"w": "専修", "rd": "せんしゅう", "mn": "specialization; specialisation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "専制", "rd": "せんせい", "mn": "despotism; autocracy", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "住専", "rd": "じゅうせん", "mn": "housing-loan corporation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "専任", "rd": "せんにん", "mn": "full-time service", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 53, "rp": 58, "l": 13, "n": "薄"}}, {"k": "推", "g": 6, "o": 873, "f": 507, "j": null, "on": "スイ", "kun": "お.す", "m": "conjecture; infer; guess; suppose; support; push (for)", "pm": "conjecture", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; turkey", "hk": "conjecture", "hs": "Fingers . . . turkey.", "ks": "WRONG conjecture - > Fingers evolved from turkeys.", "v": [{"w": "推測", "rd": "すいそく", "mn": "guess; conjecture", "fr": 3862}, {"w": "推薦", "rd": "すいせん", "mn": "recommendation; referral; endorsement", "fr": 5954}, {"w": "推理", "rd": "すいり", "mn": "reasoning; inference; deduction", "fr": 6291}, {"w": "推す", "rd": "おす", "mn": "to recommend; to endorse (e.g. a candidate); to nominate; to support; to back", "fr": 7488}, {"w": "推定", "rd": "すいてい", "mn": "presumption; assumption", "fr": 12742}, {"w": "推奨", "rd": "すいしょう", "mn": "recommendation; endorsement", "fr": 14618}, {"w": "推進", "rd": "すいしん", "mn": "propulsion; drive", "fr": 17193}, {"w": "推論", "rd": "すいろん", "mn": "inference; deduction; induction; reasoning", "fr": 19820}, {"w": "推移", "rd": "すいい", "mn": "transition; change; progress; development; shift", "fr": 24963}, {"w": "類推", "rd": "るいすい", "mn": "analogy", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "推奨環境", "rd": "すいしょうかんきょう", "mn": "system requirements (i.e. recommended hardware and software to run a package)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "推敲", "rd": "すいこう", "mn": "polishing (a piece of writing); improvement; revision; refinement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "推理小説", "rd": "すいりしょうせつ", "mn": "mystery novel; detective novel; whodunit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "推計", "rd": "すいけい", "mn": "estimate; estimation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "推量", "rd": "すいりょう", "mn": "guess; conjecture; supposition; inference", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "値", "g": 6, "o": 874, "f": 518, "j": null, "on": "チ", "kun": "ね、あたい", "m": "price; cost; value", "pm": "price", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "直", "nj": "チョク", "ne": "straightaway"}], "hc": "person; straightaway; ten; needle; eye; fishhook", "hk": "price", "hs": "Person . . . straightaway.", "ks": "The price is what people want to know straightaway.", "v": [{"w": "価値", "rd": "かち", "mn": "value; worth; merit", "fr": 1460}, {"w": "値段", "rd": "ねだん", "mn": "price; cost", "fr": 3589}, {"w": "価値観", "rd": "かちかん", "mn": "sense of values; values; value system", "fr": 6050}, {"w": "値する", "rd": "あたいする", "mn": "to be worth; to be worthy of; to deserve; to merit", "fr": 6265}, {"w": "値", "rd": "あたい", "mn": "price; cost", "fr": 7224}, {"w": "数値", "rd": "すうち", "mn": "numerical value", "fr": 8732}, {"w": "経験値", "rd": "けいけんち", "mn": "amount of experience; experience level", "fr": 13613}, {"w": "高値", "rd": "たかね", "mn": "high price", "fr": 16820}, {"w": "値打ち", "rd": "ねうち", "mn": "value; worth; merit", "fr": 20911}, {"w": "偏差値", "rd": "へんさち", "mn": "deviation value (usu. scaled to mean of 50, standard deviation of 10, and often ", "fr": 21503}, {"w": "値引き", "rd": "ねびき", "mn": "price reduction; discount", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "下値", "rd": "したね", "mn": "lowest price", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "値上がり", "rd": "ねあがり", "mn": "price increase; rise in price", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "値上げ", "rd": "ねあげ", "mn": "price increase; rise in price; wage increase", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "値下がり", "rd": "ねさがり", "mn": "price decline; fall in price", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 161, "rp": 23, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "討", "g": 6, "o": 875, "f": 528, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "う.つ", "m": "chastise; attack; defeat; destroy; conquer", "pm": "chastise", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; glue", "hk": "chastise", "hs": "<i>Words</i> spoken to <b>chastise</b> us stick to us like <i>glue</i> in a way no other <i>words</i> can.", "ks": "I said some bad words, and my mother <b>chastise</b> d me by washing my mouth out with glue instead of soap!", "v": [{"w": "検討", "rd": "けんとう", "mn": "consideration; examination; investigation; study; scrutiny; discussion; analysis", "fr": 4237}, {"w": "討つ", "rd": "うつ", "mn": "to attack; to destroy; to defeat; to conquer; to avenge", "fr": 6830}, {"w": "掃討", "rd": "そうとう", "mn": "cleaning up (enemy remnants); sweeping clean (of opponents); mopping up", "fr": 24950}, {"w": "討論", "rd": "とうろん", "mn": "debate; discussion", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "討議", "rd": "とうぎ", "mn": "debate; discussion", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "再検討", "rd": "さいけんとう", "mn": "re-examination; review; reconsideration; reappraisal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "追い討ち", "rd": "おいうち", "mn": "attacking a fleeing enemy", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "処", "g": 6, "o": 876, "f": 547, "j": null, "on": "ショ", "kun": "ところ、-こ、お.る", "m": "dispose; manage; deal with; sentence; condemn; act; behave; place", "pm": "dispose", "r": [{"c": "夂", "nj": "のまた", "ne": "to follow"}, {"c": "几", "nj": "きにょう", "ne": "table"}], "hc": "walking legs; wind", "hk": "dispose", "hs": "Both the stretching out of the <i>walking legs</i> and the little bit of <i>wind</i> tucked in on the right suggest using one's legs to kick something out of the way, or <b>dispose</b> of it.", "ks": "To dispose of rubbish you should walk it to the bin not throw it to the wind.", "v": [{"w": "処理", "rd": "しょり", "mn": "processing; dealing with; treatment; disposition; disposal", "fr": 2435}, {"w": "処分", "rd": "しょぶん", "mn": "disposal; throwing away; selling off", "fr": 2796}, {"w": "対処", "rd": "たいしょ", "mn": "dealing with; coping with", "fr": 3432}, {"w": "処置", "rd": "しょち", "mn": "measure; step; dealing with", "fr": 5906}, {"w": "処刑", "rd": "しょけい", "mn": "execution", "fr": 7320}, {"w": "処女", "rd": "しょじょ", "mn": "virgin (usu. female); maiden", "fr": 9044}, {"w": "何処", "rd": "どこ", "mn": "where; what place", "fr": 10199}, {"w": "処罰", "rd": "しょばつ", "mn": "punishment; penalty", "fr": 11839}, {"w": "処遇", "rd": "しょぐう", "mn": "treatment (of a person); dealing with", "fr": 15626}, {"w": "処方", "rd": "しょほう", "mn": "prescription (of medicine); formula", "fr": 21757}, {"w": "仮処分", "rd": "かりしょぶん", "mn": "provisional disposition; temporary injunction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "何処にも", "rd": "どこにも", "mn": "(not) anywhere; nowhere", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "何処までも", "rd": "どこまでも", "mn": "anywhere; for all time; to the ends of the earth", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "処方箋", "rd": "しょほうせん", "mn": "prescription", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "情報処理", "rd": "じょうほうしょり", "mn": "data processing; information processing", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 124, "rp": 57, "l": 10, "n": ""}}, {"k": "憲", "g": 6, "o": 877, "f": 551, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "", "m": "constitution; law", "pm": "constitution", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "mansion; house; grow up; eye; cross-eyed; net; heart", "hk": "constitution", "hs": "The key word refers to the fundamental guiding principles of a government or other organization. Its elements: <i>House</i> . . . <i>grow up</i> . . . <i>eyes</i> . . . <i>heart</i>.", "ks": "The house of US Congress needs to grow up! Their twisted eyes have lost the heart of the constitution.", "v": [{"w": "憲法", "rd": "けんぽう", "mn": "constitution", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "合憲", "rd": "ごうけん", "mn": "constitutionality", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "官憲", "rd": "かんけん", "mn": "officials; authorities", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "憲政", "rd": "けんせい", "mn": "constitutional government", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "憲章", "rd": "けんしょう", "mn": "charter", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "改憲", "rd": "かいけん", "mn": "constitutional change; revising the constitution", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "立憲", "rd": "りっけん", "mn": "constitutionalism", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "護憲", "rd": "ごけん", "mn": "protecting the constitution", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "違憲", "rd": "いけん", "mn": "unconstitutionality", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "激", "g": 6, "o": 878, "f": 560, "j": null, "on": "ゲキ", "kun": "はげ.しい", "m": "violent; get excited; enraged; chafe; incite", "pm": "violent", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "敫", "nj": "セク", "ne": "ancient musical instrument"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; white; dove; compass; direction; taskmaster", "hk": "violent", "hs": "Some cosmic <i>taskmaster</i> hovering overhead whips up the waves to make them dash <b>violently</b> against the shore. In the <i>white</i> foam that covers the <i>water</i> we see a broken <i>compass</i> floating, all that remains of a shipwreck.", "ks": "Overnight the slave got Violent and was Set Free. Overnight….Set Free.", "v": [{"w": "激しい", "rd": "はげしい", "mn": "violent; furious; tempestuous", "fr": 1185}, {"w": "刺激", "rd": "しげき", "mn": "stimulus; stimulation; irritation (esp. of the body, e.g. skin, eyes)", "fr": 1957}, {"w": "急激", "rd": "きゅうげき", "mn": "sudden; abrupt; rapid; sharp; drastic; radical", "fr": 5354}, {"w": "感激", "rd": "かんげき", "mn": "deep emotion; impression; inspiration", "fr": 6437}, {"w": "過激", "rd": "かげき", "mn": "extreme (measure, idea, etc.); radical; violent (language)", "fr": 7536}, {"w": "激突", "rd": "げきとつ", "mn": "crash; smashing (into); ramming; (violent) collision", "fr": 7901}, {"w": "激怒", "rd": "げきど", "mn": "rage; fury", "fr": 11800}, {"w": "激情", "rd": "げきじょう", "mn": "violent emotion; passion; fury", "fr": 14453}, {"w": "激励", "rd": "げきれい", "mn": "encouragement; spurring (on); cheering (on)", "fr": 17669}, {"w": "激戦", "rd": "げきせん", "mn": "fierce battle; hard-fought battle; hot contest; severe fight", "fr": 18664}, {"w": "激減", "rd": "げきげん", "mn": "dramatic decrease; sharp drop; sudden fall", "fr": 21545}, {"w": "激化", "rd": "げきか", "mn": "intensification; aggravation", "fr": 23811}, {"w": "激動", "rd": "げきどう", "mn": "violent shock; agitation; turbulence; turmoil; upheaval; excitement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "激変", "rd": "げきへん", "mn": "sudden change; upheaval", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "激流", "rd": "げきりゅう", "mn": "raging stream; rapids", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "否", "g": 6, "o": 879, "f": 561, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "いな、いや", "m": "negate; no; noes; refuse; decline; deny", "pm": "negate", "r": [{"c": "不", "nj": "フ", "ne": "negative"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "negative; mouth", "hk": "negate", "hs": "Negative . . . mouth.", "ks": "Negative mouths negate everything.", "v": [{"w": "否定", "rd": "ひてい", "mn": "denial; negation; repudiation; disavowal", "fr": 1452}, {"w": "拒否", "rd": "きょひ", "mn": "refusal; rejection; denial; veto", "fr": 2980}, {"w": "否", "rd": "いな", "mn": "no; nay", "fr": 7602}, {"w": "か否か", "rd": "かいなか", "mn": "whether or not", "fr": 10380}, {"w": "安否", "rd": "あんぴ", "mn": "safety; welfare; well-being", "fr": 15403}, {"w": "拒否権", "rd": "きょひけん", "mn": "right of veto", "fr": 19555}, {"w": "否決", "rd": "ひけつ", "mn": "rejection; negation; voting down", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "可否", "rd": "かひ", "mn": "propriety; right and wrong; advisability; possibility", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "合否", "rd": "ごうひ", "mn": "success or failure; result", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "否々", "rd": "いやいや", "mn": "no!; no no!; no, not at all", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "否認", "rd": "ひにん", "mn": "denial; negation; repudiation; disapproval", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "成否", "rd": "せいひ", "mn": "success or failure; outcome; result", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "諾否", "rd": "だくひ", "mn": "consent or refusal; yes or no; decision to accept or decline; up or down (vote);", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賛否", "rd": "さんぴ", "mn": "yes and no; for and against", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "系", "g": 6, "o": 880, "f": 567, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "", "m": "lineage; system", "pm": "lineage", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}], "hc": "stick; drop; thread; spiderman", "hk": "lineage", "hs": "The single stroke added to the beginning of the primitive for <i>thread</i> gives the image of threads woven into a single cord. Hence the meaning, <b>lineage</b>.", "ks": "(Primitive: <i>DNA</i> , a drop of looong spiraled thread that is the key to your <b>lineage</b> ).", "v": [{"w": "系", "rd": "けい", "mn": "system; lineage; group", "fr": 1623}, {"w": "家系", "rd": "かけい", "mn": "family lineage", "fr": 10413}, {"w": "系統", "rd": "けいとう", "mn": "system", "fr": 12504}, {"w": "系列", "rd": "けいれつ", "mn": "series; sequence; system; succession", "fr": 22961}, {"w": "生態系", "rd": "せいたいけい", "mn": "ecosystem", "fr": 24149}, {"w": "体系", "rd": "たいけい", "mn": "system; organization; organisation; architecture", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "太陽系", "rd": "たいようけい", "mn": "solar system", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "山系", "rd": "さんけい", "mn": "mountain range; mountain system", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "文系", "rd": "ぶんけい", "mn": "humanities, social sciences, and fine arts; liberal arts", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "日系", "rd": "にっけい", "mn": "(of) Japanese descent", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "水系", "rd": "すいけい", "mn": "water system; river system; drainage system", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "理系", "rd": "りけい", "mn": "the sciences; STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "直系", "rd": "ちょっけい", "mn": "direct descent; direct line", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "系図", "rd": "けいず", "mn": "family tree; pedigree; genealogy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "系譜", "rd": "けいふ", "mn": "genealogy; lineage; family tree; pedigree", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "批", "g": 6, "o": 881, "f": 568, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "", "m": "criticism; strike", "pm": "criticism", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "比", "nj": "くらべる", "ne": "to compare"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; compare; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "criticism", "hs": "Finger . . . compare.", "ks": "My <b>criticism</b> earned me the FINGER when I COMPARED her cooking to my mother's.", "v": [{"w": "批判", "rd": "ひはん", "mn": "criticism; judgement; judgment; comment", "fr": 8118}, {"w": "批評", "rd": "ひひょう", "mn": "criticism; critique; review; commentary", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "批准", "rd": "ひじゅん", "mn": "ratification", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "批判的", "rd": "ひはんてき", "mn": "critical; judgmental; censorious; negative", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "存", "g": 6, "o": 882, "f": 577, "j": null, "on": "ソン、ゾン", "kun": "ながら.える、あ.る、たも.つ、と.う", "m": "exist; suppose; be aware of; believe; feel", "pm": "exist", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "子", "nj": "こ", "ne": "child"}], "hc": "genie; child", "hk": "suppose", "hs": "<i>Genie in the bottle</i> . . . <i>a child</i>. Hint: focus on the key word's connotation of  \"make believe\".", "ks": "How do you <b>suppose</b> they manage to cram a genie inside a bottle? Well, I <b>suppose</b> they put him in there while he's still a little <i>child</i> …", "v": [{"w": "存在", "rd": "そんざい", "mn": "existence; being; presence", "fr": 495}, {"w": "ご存じ", "rd": "ごぞんじ", "mn": "knowing; being aware (of)", "fr": 1954}, {"w": "存分", "rd": "ぞんぶん", "mn": "to one's heart's content; as much as one likes; without reserve; freely; to the ", "fr": 4579}, {"w": "保存", "rd": "ほぞん", "mn": "preservation; conservation; storage; maintenance", "fr": 4907}, {"w": "存じる", "rd": "ぞんじる", "mn": "to know; to be aware (of); to be acquainted (with)", "fr": 5208}, {"w": "思う存分", "rd": "おもうぞんぶん", "mn": "to one's heart's content; to one's complete satisfaction; as much as one likes; ", "fr": 6918}, {"w": "ご存知", "rd": "ごぞんじ", "mn": "knowing; being aware (of)", "fr": 7966}, {"w": "生存", "rd": "せいぞん", "mn": "existence; being; life; survival", "fr": 9399}, {"w": "依存", "rd": "いぞん", "mn": "dependence; reliance", "fr": 9479}, {"w": "存続", "rd": "そんぞく", "mn": "continuance; survival; persistence; retention; duration", "fr": 9788}, {"w": "共存", "rd": "きょうぞん", "mn": "coexistence", "fr": 12493}, {"w": "温存", "rd": "おんぞん", "mn": "preservation; retainment; keeping", "fr": 13163}, {"w": "既存", "rd": "きそん", "mn": "existing", "fr": 16303}, {"w": "依存症", "rd": "いぞんしょう", "mn": "dependence (on alcohol, drugs, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "存亡", "rd": "そんぼう", "mn": "life or death; existence; destiny", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 67, "rp": 35, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "券", "g": 6, "o": 883, "f": 583, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "", "m": "ticket", "pm": "ticket", "r": [{"c": "刀", "nj": "かたな", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "quarter; sword; dagger", "hk": "ticket", "hs": "Quarter . . . dagger.", "ks": "Entering the movie, the dude asks for your <b>ticket</b> , so he can tear it in half. He looks at you funny when you hand him a <b>ticket</b> already torn in half. He quietly tears the stub into <i>quarter</i> s after you show him your <i>dagger</i> with a smile.", "v": [{"w": "券", "rd": "けん", "mn": "ticket; coupon; bond; certificate", "fr": 12543}, {"w": "回数券", "rd": "かいすうけん", "mn": "coupon tickets; discount tickets; book of tickets", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "定期券", "rd": "ていきけん", "mn": "commuter pass; season ticket", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "旅券", "rd": "りょけん", "mn": "passport", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "乗車券", "rd": "じょうしゃけん", "mn": "ticket (for bus, train, etc.); passenger ticket", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "債券", "rd": "さいけん", "mn": "bond; debenture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "入場券", "rd": "にゅうじょうけん", "mn": "admission ticket; entrance ticket", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "前売り券", "rd": "まえうりけん", "mn": "ticket sold in advance; advance ticket", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "商品券", "rd": "しょうひんけん", "mn": "gift certificate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旅行券", "rd": "りょこうけん", "mn": "travel voucher; travel coupon", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "有価証券", "rd": "ゆうかしょうけん", "mn": "marketable securities; stocks and bonds", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "東京証券取引所", "rd": "とうきょうしょうけんとりひきじょ", "mn": "Tokyo Stock Exchange; TSE", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "株券", "rd": "かぶけん", "mn": "stock certificate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "格安航空券", "rd": "かくやすこうくうけん", "mn": "discount airline ticket", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "航空券", "rd": "こうくうけん", "mn": "airline ticket; plane ticket; air ticket", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 16, "rp": 7, "l": 1, "n": "券 勝つ"}}, {"k": "盟", "g": 6, "o": 884, "f": 587, "j": null, "on": "メイ", "kun": "", "m": "alliance; oath", "pm": "alliance", "r": [{"c": "明", "nj": "メイ", "ne": "bright"}, {"c": "皿", "nj": "さら", "ne": "plate"}], "hc": "bright; sun; day; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; dish", "hk": "alliance", "hs": "Bright . . . dish.", "ks": "The bright dishes in the cupboard form an alliance against the others.", "v": [{"w": "同盟", "rd": "どうめい", "mn": "alliance; union; league", "fr": 11823}, {"w": "連盟", "rd": "れんめい", "mn": "league; federation; union", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "加盟", "rd": "かめい", "mn": "joining (an association, agreement, etc.); participation; affiliation; accession", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盟主", "rd": "めいしゅ", "mn": "leader (of an alliance); leading power", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盟友", "rd": "めいゆう", "mn": "sworn friend", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盟約", "rd": "めいやく", "mn": "oath; pledge; pact; covenant; alliance", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "座", "g": 6, "o": 885, "f": 588, "j": null, "on": "ザ", "kun": "すわ.る", "m": "squat; seat; cushion; gathering; sit", "pm": "squat", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "坐", "nj": "ザ", "ne": "sit"}], "hc": "squat; cave; shire; assembly line; person; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "sit", "hs": "Cave . . . assembly line . . . soil.", "ks": "CONGRATULATIONS YOU'RE HALFWAY THERE!!!! =).", "v": [{"w": "座る", "rd": "すわる", "mn": "to sit (down); to have a seat; to be seated; to kneel (on the floor)", "fr": 536}, {"w": "座", "rd": "ざ", "mn": "seat; place", "fr": 3650}, {"w": "即座に", "rd": "そくざに", "mn": "immediately; right away; on the spot", "fr": 5872}, {"w": "正座", "rd": "せいざ", "mn": "seiza", "fr": 8862}, {"w": "座席", "rd": "ざせき", "mn": "seat (esp. in public places or places with assigned seating); seating", "fr": 10461}, {"w": "即座", "rd": "そくざ", "mn": "immediate; right there on the spot; impromptu; instant; instantaneous", "fr": 12000}, {"w": "口座", "rd": "こうざ", "mn": "account (e.g. bank)", "fr": 13118}, {"w": "銀座", "rd": "ぎんざ", "mn": "Ginza (district in Tokyo)", "fr": 15816}, {"w": "座布団", "rd": "ざぶとん", "mn": "zabuton", "fr": 16149}, {"w": "星座", "rd": "せいざ", "mn": "constellation", "fr": 16354}, {"w": "座り", "rd": "すわり", "mn": "sitting", "fr": 16707}, {"w": "講座", "rd": "こうざ", "mn": "course (e.g. of lectures)", "fr": 18634}, {"w": "座敷", "rd": "ざしき", "mn": "tatami room; tatami mat room; formal Japanese room", "fr": 21738}, {"w": "座談会", "rd": "ざだんかい", "mn": "symposium; round-table discussion", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "で御座います", "rd": "でございます", "mn": "be; is", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 331, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": "座席 庭"}}, {"k": "除", "g": 6, "o": 886, "f": 594, "j": null, "on": "ジョ、ジ", "kun": "のぞ.く、-よ.け", "m": "exclude; division (x/3); remove; abolish; cancel; except", "pm": "exclude", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "余", "nj": "ヨ", "ne": "too much"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; scales; too much; umbrella; potato; small", "hk": "exclude", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . scale.", "ks": "To become a member of <i>The Pinnacle</i> , they test you on a <i>scale</i>. If you weigh <i>too much</i> , they <b>exclude</b> you.", "v": [{"w": "掃除", "rd": "そうじ", "mn": "cleaning; sweeping; dusting; scrubbing", "fr": 1464}, {"w": "解除", "rd": "かいじょ", "mn": "termination (of a contract); cancellation; rescinding; rescission", "fr": 3552}, {"w": "排除", "rd": "はいじょ", "mn": "exclusion; removal; elimination; clearing away; getting rid of", "fr": 3833}, {"w": "除く", "rd": "のぞく", "mn": "to remove; to get rid of; to take away; to eliminate", "fr": 4541}, {"w": "取り除く", "rd": "とりのぞく", "mn": "to remove; to deinstall; to take away; to set apart", "fr": 6467}, {"w": "除いて", "rd": "のぞいて", "mn": "except; save", "fr": 7271}, {"w": "削除", "rd": "さくじょ", "mn": "deletion; elimination; erasure; striking out", "fr": 9064}, {"w": "除外", "rd": "じょがい", "mn": "exception; exclusion", "fr": 15467}, {"w": "駆除", "rd": "くじょ", "mn": "extermination (of pests); eradication; stamping out (e.g. a social evil)", "fr": 15772}, {"w": "大掃除", "rd": "おおそうじ", "mn": "major cleanup; spring cleaning", "fr": 16309}, {"w": "免除", "rd": "めんじょ", "mn": "exemption; exoneration; discharge", "fr": 17666}, {"w": "掃除機", "rd": "そうじき", "mn": "vacuum cleaner; vacuum; hoover", "fr": 17891}, {"w": "除去", "rd": "じょきょ", "mn": "removal; getting rid of", "fr": 19351}, {"w": "控除", "rd": "こうじょ", "mn": "subtraction; deduction (e.g. of tax)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "虫除け", "rd": "むしよけ", "mn": "insecticide; insect repellent", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 63, "rp": 38, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "降", "g": 6, "o": 887, "f": 596, "j": null, "on": "コウ、ゴ", "kun": "お.りる、お.ろす、ふ.る、ふ.り、くだ.る、くだ.す", "m": "descend; precipitate; fall; surrender", "pm": "descend", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "夅", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "to descend"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; walking legs; sunglasses with one lens missing; monocle", "hk": "descend", "hs": "<i>Pinnacle</i> . . . <i>walking legs</i> . . . <i>sunglasses with a lens popped out</i>. Distinguish from <i>fall</i> (Frame 320) and <i>crash</i> , which we considered in the previous frame.", "ks": "To descend from The Pinnacle you must walk down the stairs with your sunglasses-missing-one-lense on.", "v": [{"w": "降りる", "rd": "おりる", "mn": "to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to come down", "fr": 1119}, {"w": "降る", "rd": "ふる", "mn": "to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down", "fr": 1687}, {"w": "以降", "rd": "いこう", "mn": "on and after; from ... onward; since", "fr": 2778}, {"w": "降ろす", "rd": "おろす", "mn": "to take down; to bring down; to lower (a hand, flag, shutter, etc.); to drop (an", "fr": 4602}, {"w": "飛び降りる", "rd": "とびおりる", "mn": "to jump down; to leap down; to jump off; to leap off", "fr": 4687}, {"w": "雨が降る", "rd": "あめがふる", "mn": "to rain", "fr": 5920}, {"w": "降参", "rd": "こうさん", "mn": "surrender; submission; capitulation", "fr": 7003}, {"w": "降伏", "rd": "こうふく", "mn": "surrender; capitulation; submission", "fr": 11377}, {"w": "降下", "rd": "こうか", "mn": "descent; fall; drop; (atmospheric) depression", "fr": 14975}, {"w": "投降", "rd": "とうこう", "mn": "surrender", "fr": 16410}, {"w": "下降", "rd": "かこう", "mn": "descent; fall; drop; decline; downturn; subsidence", "fr": 24198}, {"w": "降水", "rd": "こうすい", "mn": "rainfall; precipitation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "乗り降り", "rd": "のりおり", "mn": "getting on and off (a vehicle); boarding and alighting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "乗降", "rd": "じょうこう", "mn": "getting on and off; embarking and disembarking", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "土砂降り", "rd": "どしゃぶり", "mn": "downpour; pouring rain; heavy rain; pelting rain; cloudburst", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 5, "rp": 30, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "並", "g": 6, "o": 888, "f": 599, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ、ホウ", "kun": "な.み、なみ、なら.べる、なら.ぶ、なら.びに", "m": "row; and; besides; as well as; line up; rank with; rival; equal", "pm": "row", "r": [{"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "业", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "", "hk": "row", "hs": "This character represents a slightly stylized duplication of the kanji for <i>stand up</i>. By lengthening the sixth and seventh strokes, you will see how this is done.", "ks": "Roman numeral II with 2 row s of animal horns.", "v": [{"w": "並ぶ", "rd": "ならぶ", "mn": "to line up; to stand in a line", "fr": 1346}, {"w": "並べる", "rd": "ならべる", "mn": "to line up; to set up; to arrange in a line", "fr": 2243}, {"w": "並み", "rd": "なみ", "mn": "average; medium; common; ordinary", "fr": 5749}, {"w": "並", "rd": "なみ", "mn": "average; medium; common; ordinary", "fr": 6760}, {"w": "人並み", "rd": "ひとなみ", "mn": "ordinary; average; common; normal; like the average person; like most people", "fr": 10586}, {"w": "並び", "rd": "ならび", "mn": "line; row; rank; list", "fr": 12358}, {"w": "並行", "rd": "へいこう", "mn": "going side-by-side; going abreast", "fr": 15569}, {"w": "町並み", "rd": "まちなみ", "mn": "townscape; street (of stores and houses); (look of) stores and houses on street", "fr": 21417}, {"w": "軒並み", "rd": "のきなみ", "mn": "row of houses", "fr": 21479}, {"w": "並びに", "rd": "ならびに", "mn": "and (also); both ... and; as well as", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "並列", "rd": "へいれつ", "mn": "arranging in a line; standing in a row", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "並木", "rd": "なみき", "mn": "roadside trees; row of trees", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "月並み", "rd": "つきなみ", "mn": "every month", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "並び替える", "rd": "ならびかえる", "mn": "to reorganize; to rearrange; to put (things) in order", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "並立", "rd": "へいりつ", "mn": "standing abreast", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 77, "rp": 45, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "従", "g": 6, "o": 889, "f": 601, "j": null, "on": "ジュウ、ショウ、ジュ", "kun": "したが.う、したが.える、より", "m": "accompany; obey; submit to; comply; follow; secondary; incidental; subordinate", "pm": "accompany", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "疋", "nj": "ひき", "ne": "bolt of cloth"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; horns; mend", "hk": "accompany", "hs": "Column . . . animal horns . . . mending.", "ks": "The line of viking soldiers is always accompanied by a horn mending specialist.", "v": [{"w": "従う", "rd": "したがう", "mn": "to obey (an order, law, etc.); to abide by (a rule, custom, etc.); to follow; to", "fr": 1336}, {"w": "従える", "rd": "したがえる", "mn": "to be accompanied by; to be attended by; to take along (someone)", "fr": 6143}, {"w": "従業員", "rd": "じゅうぎょういん", "mn": "employee; worker", "fr": 6579}, {"w": "従兄弟", "rd": "いとこ", "mn": "cousin (male)", "fr": 10481}, {"w": "服従", "rd": "ふくじゅう", "mn": "obedience; submission; resignation", "fr": 14567}, {"w": "従来", "rd": "じゅうらい", "mn": "up to now; so far", "fr": 16590}, {"w": "従事", "rd": "じゅうじ", "mn": "engaging in (work); pursuing (e.g. studies); following (a profession); being inv", "fr": 18535}, {"w": "従って", "rd": "したがって", "mn": "therefore; consequently; accordingly", "fr": 20807}, {"w": "従姉妹", "rd": "いとこ", "mn": "cousin (female)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "に従って", "rd": "にしたがって", "mn": "in accordance with; according to; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, a", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "侍従", "rd": "じじゅう", "mn": "chamberlain", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "専従", "rd": "せんじゅう", "mn": "working exclusively for; working full-time (for)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "従属", "rd": "じゅうぞく", "mn": "subordination; dependency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "従軍", "rd": "じゅうぐん", "mn": "military service; serving in a war; taking part in a campaign", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "危", "g": 6, "o": 890, "f": 606, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "あぶ.ない、あや.うい、あや.ぶむ", "m": "dangerous; fear; uneasy", "pm": "dangerous", "r": [{"c": "厄", "nj": "ヤク", "ne": "unlucky"}], "hc": "bound up; unlucky; cliff; fingerprint", "hk": "dangerous", "hs": "Bound up . . . unlucky.", "ks": "You're <i>bound up</i> by ropes to an <i>unlucky</i> person. It's <b>dangerous</b> , because whatever happens to him will happen to you too.", "v": [{"w": "危ない", "rd": "あぶない", "mn": "dangerous; risky; hazardous; perilous; precarious", "fr": 471}, {"w": "危険", "rd": "きけん", "mn": "danger; peril; hazard", "fr": 750}, {"w": "危機", "rd": "きき", "mn": "crisis; critical situation; emergency; pinch", "fr": 2913}, {"w": "危うい", "rd": "あやうい", "mn": "dangerous; in danger; facing imminent danger", "fr": 3557}, {"w": "危険性", "rd": "きけんせい", "mn": "(degree of) risk; riskiness; danger", "fr": 8197}, {"w": "危うく", "rd": "あやうく", "mn": "barely; narrowly", "fr": 10175}, {"w": "危惧", "rd": "きぐ", "mn": "apprehension; misgivings; uneasiness; fear; anxiety", "fr": 11310}, {"w": "危害", "rd": "きがい", "mn": "injury; harm; danger", "fr": 13777}, {"w": "危ぶむ", "rd": "あやぶむ", "mn": "to fear; to doubt; to have misgivings about; to worry about; to be anxious about", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "危急", "rd": "ききゅう", "mn": "emergency; crisis; imminent danger", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "危篤", "rd": "きとく", "mn": "critical condition; being on the verge of death", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 175, "rp": 16, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "拡", "g": 6, "o": 891, "f": 611, "j": null, "on": "カク、コウ", "kun": "ひろ.がる、ひろ.げる、ひろ.める", "m": "broaden; extend; expand; enlarge", "pm": "broaden", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "広", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "wide"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; wide; cave; elbow", "hk": "broaden", "hs": "<i>Fingers</i> . . . <i>wide</i>. The connection with the previous character is very close. Beware.", "ks": "Spread your fingers wide to broaden your hand.", "v": [{"w": "拡大", "rd": "かくだい", "mn": "expansion; extension", "fr": 5029}, {"w": "拡散", "rd": "かくさん", "mn": "spreading; disseminating; scattering", "fr": 8061}, {"w": "拡張", "rd": "かくちょう", "mn": "expansion; extension; enlargement", "fr": 12777}, {"w": "拡充", "rd": "かくじゅう", "mn": "expansion", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "拡大均衡", "rd": "かくだいきんこう", "mn": "an expanded or expanding equilibrium", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拡張子", "rd": "かくちょうし", "mn": "file extension", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "軍拡", "rd": "ぐんかく", "mn": "military expansion; arms buildup", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "就", "g": 6, "o": 892, "f": 624, "j": null, "on": "シュウ、ジュ", "kun": "つ.く、つ.ける", "m": "concerning; settle; take position; depart; study; per", "pm": "concerning", "r": [{"c": "京", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "capital"}, {"c": "尤", "nj": "ユウ", "ne": "reasonable"}], "hc": "capital; tall; top hat; mouth; small; little; understandably; chihuahua with one human leg", "hk": "concerning", "hs": "<i>Capital</i> . . . <i>chihuahua</i> with a <i>human leg</i> in place of one of its paws.", "ks": "In the <i>capital</i> they have been having hearings <b>concerning</b> bioethics and bioengineering they call as their first witness a <i>chihuahua</i> with <i>one human leg</i>.", "v": [{"w": "就職", "rd": "しゅうしょく", "mn": "finding employment; getting a job", "fr": 4285}, {"w": "就く", "rd": "つく", "mn": "to take (seat, position, course, office, etc.); to assume; to be hired; to be em", "fr": 6514}, {"w": "就任", "rd": "しゅうにん", "mn": "assumption (of office); taking up (a post); inauguration; installation", "fr": 9950}, {"w": "成就", "rd": "じょうじゅ", "mn": "fulfillment; fulfilment; realization; realisation; completion", "fr": 10280}, {"w": "就寝", "rd": "しゅうしん", "mn": "going to bed; retiring (for the night)", "fr": 15118}, {"w": "就活", "rd": "しゅうかつ", "mn": "job hunting; job searching", "fr": 21107}, {"w": "就いて", "rd": "ついて", "mn": "about; concerning; as to; regarding", "fr": 22254}, {"w": "就業", "rd": "しゅうぎょう", "mn": "employment; starting work", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "去就", "rd": "きょしゅう", "mn": "leaving or staying", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "就労", "rd": "しゅうろう", "mn": "working; being employed; being hired", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "就学", "rd": "しゅうがく", "mn": "entering school; school attendance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "就航", "rd": "しゅうこう", "mn": "entering service (on a route; of a plane or ship); going into commission; being ", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "異", "g": 6, "o": 893, "f": 631, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "こと、こと.なる、け", "m": "uncommon; different; queerness; strangeness; wonderful; curious; unusual", "pm": "uncommon", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "共", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "together"}], "hc": "rice field; brains; strung together; salad; animal legs; eight", "hk": "uncommon", "hs": "Brains . . . together.", "ks": "Brains together with beauty is an uncommon combination.", "v": [{"w": "異常", "rd": "いじょう", "mn": "abnormal; unusual; extraordinary; remarkable; uncommon", "fr": 1693}, {"w": "異なる", "rd": "ことなる", "mn": "to differ; to be different; to disagree; to vary; to diverge", "fr": 3718}, {"w": "異様", "rd": "いよう", "mn": "strange; odd; peculiar; weird; bizarre; unusual", "fr": 4574}, {"w": "異変", "rd": "いへん", "mn": "unusual event; strange occurrence; strange phenomenon; something abnormal; chang", "fr": 5180}, {"w": "異性", "rd": "いせい", "mn": "the opposite sex", "fr": 6799}, {"w": "異論", "rd": "いろん", "mn": "different opinion; objection", "fr": 8567}, {"w": "異議", "rd": "いぎ", "mn": "objection; dissent; protest", "fr": 10440}, {"w": "異質", "rd": "いしつ", "mn": "different (quality, nature); heterogeneous", "fr": 10598}, {"w": "異物", "rd": "いぶつ", "mn": "foreign substance; foreign body; foreign contamination; foreign material", "fr": 10650}, {"w": "異国", "rd": "いこく", "mn": "foreign country", "fr": 10714}, {"w": "異動", "rd": "いどう", "mn": "(personnel) change; transfer; relocation; reassignment; reshuffle", "fr": 13150}, {"w": "特異", "rd": "とくい", "mn": "unique; peculiar; singular", "fr": 16214}, {"w": "異例", "rd": "いれい", "mn": "exceptional; unusual; extraordinary; unprecedented; singular", "fr": 16550}, {"w": "異名", "rd": "いみょう", "mn": "another name; nickname; alias", "fr": 17034}, {"w": "異端", "rd": "いたん", "mn": "heresy; nonconformism; heathenism; paganism", "fr": 18487}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 74, "rp": 22, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "将", "g": 6, "o": 894, "f": 634, "j": null, "on": "ショウ、ソウ", "kun": "まさ.に、はた、まさ、ひきい.る、もって", "m": "leader; commander; general; admiral; or; and again; soon; from now on; just about", "pm": "leader", "r": [{"c": "丬", "nj": "", "ne": "half of tree trunk"}, {"c": "爫", "nj": "つめかんむり", "ne": "claw"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "turtle; claw; vulture; glue", "hk": "leader", "hs": "Turtle . . . vulture . . . glue.", "ks": "The <b>leader</b> in this race is the <i>turtle</i>! It appears he has covered the <i>vulture</i> ’s feet in <i>glue</i> , so that the vulture cannot get off the starting block.", "v": [{"w": "将来", "rd": "しょうらい", "mn": "future; (future) prospects", "fr": 1556}, {"w": "大将", "rd": "たいしょう", "mn": "general; admiral", "fr": 7417}, {"w": "将軍", "rd": "しょうぐん", "mn": "general", "fr": 8507}, {"w": "将", "rd": "しょう", "mn": "commander; general; leader", "fr": 12872}, {"w": "将棋", "rd": "しょうぎ", "mn": "shogi; Japanese chess", "fr": 13542}, {"w": "将来的", "rd": "しょうらいてき", "mn": "future; possible; potential; prospective", "fr": 14895}, {"w": "武将", "rd": "ぶしょう", "mn": "military commander", "fr": 20622}, {"w": "中将", "rd": "ちゅうじょう", "mn": "lieutenant general; vice-admiral", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "主将", "rd": "しゅしょう", "mn": "commander-in-chief; supreme commander", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "将兵", "rd": "しょうへい", "mn": "officers and men", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "将来像", "rd": "しょうらいぞう", "mn": "vision of the future", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "将来性", "rd": "しょうらいせい", "mn": "future prospects; promise", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "将校", "rd": "しょうこう", "mn": "commissioned officer; military officer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "将棋倒し", "rd": "しょうぎだおし", "mn": "falling down one after another (like dominoes)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "少将", "rd": "しょうしょう", "mn": "major general; rear admiral; air commodore", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "厳", "g": 6, "o": 895, "f": 638, "j": null, "on": "ゲン、ゴン", "kun": "おごそ.か、きび.しい、いか.めしい、いつくし", "m": "stern; strictness; severity; rigidity", "pm": "stern", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "敢", "nj": "カン", "ne": "daring"}], "hc": "owl; cliff; daring; spike; ear; taskmaster", "hk": "stern", "hs": "Owl . . . cliff . . . daring.", "ks": "The owl gives a stern warning to any animal that dare pass under the cliff.", "v": [{"w": "厳しい", "rd": "きびしい", "mn": "severe; strict; rigid; unsparing; relentless", "fr": 949}, {"w": "厳重", "rd": "げんじゅう", "mn": "strict; severe; stringent; rigorous; rigid; firm; strong; secure", "fr": 6158}, {"w": "威厳", "rd": "いげん", "mn": "dignity; majesty; solemnity; gravity", "fr": 8376}, {"w": "厳密", "rd": "げんみつ", "mn": "strict; close; precise; scrupulous", "fr": 11226}, {"w": "尊厳", "rd": "そんげん", "mn": "dignity; majesty; sanctity", "fr": 12773}, {"w": "厳しさ", "rd": "きびしさ", "mn": "severity; strictness; intensity", "fr": 13477}, {"w": "厳禁", "rd": "げんきん", "mn": "strict prohibition; ban; interdiction", "fr": 14037}, {"w": "厳格", "rd": "げんかく", "mn": "strict; severe; stern; rigid; rigorous; tough", "fr": 14384}, {"w": "厳か", "rd": "おごそか", "mn": "solemn (ceremony, atmosphere, etc.); austere; grave; majestic; dignified; statel", "fr": 17380}, {"w": "荘厳", "rd": "そうごん", "mn": "solemn; sublime; grand; magnificent; impressive", "fr": 19388}, {"w": "厳守", "rd": "げんしゅ", "mn": "strict observance; rigid adherence; scrupulous compliance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厳戒", "rd": "げんかい", "mn": "strict guard", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厳粛", "rd": "げんしゅく", "mn": "grave; solemn; serious", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厳罰", "rd": "げんばつ", "mn": "severe punishment; rigorous measures", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "戒厳令", "rd": "かいげんれい", "mn": "martial law", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "遺", "g": 6, "o": 896, "f": 647, "j": null, "on": "イ、ユイ", "kun": "のこ.す", "m": "bequeath; leave behind; reserve", "pm": "bequeath", "r": [{"c": "貴", "nj": "キ", "ne": "precious"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "precious; Takanohana; purse; in; one; floor; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; road", "hk": "bequeath", "hs": "Precious . . . road.", "ks": "Bilbo <b>bequeath</b> es the \"PRECIOUS\" to Frodo, who will carry it on the long ROAD to Mordor.", "v": [{"w": "遺体", "rd": "いたい", "mn": "(dead) body; corpse; remains", "fr": 4682}, {"w": "遺影", "rd": "いえい", "mn": "portrait of a deceased person", "fr": 5315}, {"w": "遺伝子", "rd": "いでんし", "mn": "gene", "fr": 9142}, {"w": "遺産", "rd": "いさん", "mn": "inheritance; bequest; legacy; heritage", "fr": 9709}, {"w": "遺言", "rd": "ゆいごん", "mn": "will; testament; one's dying wish; one's last words", "fr": 10732}, {"w": "遺跡", "rd": "いせき", "mn": "(archeological) remains; ruins; relics", "fr": 10872}, {"w": "後遺症", "rd": "こういしょう", "mn": "prognostic symptoms; after-effect; sequela", "fr": 12718}, {"w": "遺書", "rd": "いしょ", "mn": "note left by a dead person; suicide note; testamentary letter; will; testament", "fr": 13800}, {"w": "遺族", "rd": "いぞく", "mn": "bereaved family; surviving family; family of the deceased", "fr": 15390}, {"w": "遺品", "rd": "いひん", "mn": "things left (to one) by the deceased; inherited item; estate; memento; keepsake", "fr": 15537}, {"w": "遺伝", "rd": "いでん", "mn": "heredity; (genetic) inheritance", "fr": 18123}, {"w": "遺物", "rd": "いぶつ", "mn": "relic; remains; memento", "fr": 19023}, {"w": "遺憾", "rd": "いかん", "mn": "regrettable; unsatisfactory; deplorable; lamentable", "fr": 23385}, {"w": "遺志", "rd": "いし", "mn": "wishes of a deceased person; dying wish", "fr": 23437}, {"w": "世界遺産", "rd": "せかいいさん", "mn": "World Heritage (site)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "装", "g": 6, "o": 897, "f": 657, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、ショウ", "kun": "よそお.う、よそお.い", "m": "attire; dress; pretend; disguise; profess", "pm": "attire", "r": [{"c": "壮", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "robust"}, {"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}], "hc": "turtle; samurai; top hat; scarf; cloth; clothes; clothing; garment", "hk": "attire", "hs": "The character for <b>attire</b> can be remembered as a picture of what we may call a  \" <i>turtle-samurai</i> \" sweater. At the top we see the <i>turtle-samurai</i> and at the bottom the element for <i>garment</i>.", "ks": "Attire is more robust than a garment.", "v": [{"w": "衣装", "rd": "いしょう", "mn": "clothing; costume; outfit; garment; dress", "fr": 3265}, {"w": "服装", "rd": "ふくそう", "mn": "attire; dress; clothes; clothing; costume; garb", "fr": 3943}, {"w": "装置", "rd": "そうち", "mn": "equipment; device; installation; apparatus", "fr": 4392}, {"w": "装備", "rd": "そうび", "mn": "equipment", "fr": 4712}, {"w": "装う", "rd": "よそおう", "mn": "to dress (oneself in); to attire oneself in; to adorn; to decorate", "fr": 4791}, {"w": "武装", "rd": "ぶそう", "mn": "arms; armament; taking up arms; arming oneself", "fr": 7766}, {"w": "装着", "rd": "そうちゃく", "mn": "equipping; installing; fitting; mounting; putting on", "fr": 8522}, {"w": "偽装", "rd": "ぎそう", "mn": "camouflage; disguise", "fr": 8616}, {"w": "装飾", "rd": "そうしょく", "mn": "ornament; decoration", "fr": 8917}, {"w": "内装", "rd": "ないそう", "mn": "interior design; interior; upholstery", "fr": 11051}, {"w": "装甲", "rd": "そうこう", "mn": "armoring; armouring; armor; armour", "fr": 14499}, {"w": "改装", "rd": "かいそう", "mn": "remodelling; remodeling; reorganization; reorganisation", "fr": 15195}, {"w": "装い", "rd": "よそおい", "mn": "dress; outfit; equipment; makeup; adornment; guise; get-up", "fr": 17439}, {"w": "仮装", "rd": "かそう", "mn": "costume; fancy dress; masquerade; disguise", "fr": 18864}, {"w": "正装", "rd": "せいそう", "mn": "full dress; formal dress; uniform", "fr": 19146}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "諸", "g": 6, "o": 898, "f": 658, "j": null, "on": "ショ", "kun": "もろ", "m": "various; many; several; together", "pm": "various", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "者", "nj": "シャ", "ne": "someone"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; someone; puppet; sooty; old man; sun; day", "hk": "various", "hs": "<i>Words</i> . . . <i>puppet</i>. Do not confuse with <i>miscellaneous</i> (Frame 604).", "ks": "The love doll can say various words such as \" 気持ちいい \" \" 痛い \" and \"やめて!\".", "v": [{"w": "諸君", "rd": "しょくん", "mn": "you (people)", "fr": 4611}, {"w": "諸", "rd": "しょ", "mn": "various; many; several", "fr": 18431}, {"w": "諸国", "rd": "しょこく", "mn": "various countries; various regions; various provinces", "fr": 21053}, {"w": "諸島", "rd": "しょとう", "mn": "archipelago; group of islands", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "亡", "g": 6, "o": 899, "f": 661, "j": null, "on": "ボウ、モウ", "kun": "な.い、な.き-、ほろ.びる、ほろ.ぶ、ほろ.ぼす", "m": "deceased; the late; dying; perish", "pm": "deceased", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "匸", "nj": "かくしがまえ", "ne": "to conceal"}], "hc": "perish; top hat; fishhook", "hk": "deceased", "hs": "A <i>top hat</i> hanging on a <i>hook</i> in the front hall, right where the <b>deceased</b> left it the day he died, reminds us of him and his kanji.", "ks": "The <i>top hat</i> hanging on a <i>hook</i> belonged to the now <b>deceased</b> Charlie Chaplin.", "v": [{"w": "亡くなる", "rd": "なくなる", "mn": "to die; to pass away", "fr": 1360}, {"w": "死亡", "rd": "しぼう", "mn": "death; dying; mortality", "fr": 4178}, {"w": "亡くす", "rd": "なくす", "mn": "to lose (through death; e.g. a wife, child)", "fr": 4598}, {"w": "逃亡", "rd": "とうぼう", "mn": "escape; flight; running away; elopement; fleeing", "fr": 6991}, {"w": "滅亡", "rd": "めつぼう", "mn": "downfall; ruin; collapse; destruction", "fr": 10224}, {"w": "亡霊", "rd": "ぼうれい", "mn": "departed spirit; soul of the dead", "fr": 11863}, {"w": "亡骸", "rd": "なきがら", "mn": "remains; corpse; (dead) body", "fr": 17252}, {"w": "亡命", "rd": "ぼうめい", "mn": "fleeing from one's country; seeking asylum; defection; emigration (for political", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "亡夫", "rd": "ぼうふ", "mn": "deceased husband; late husband", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "亡父", "rd": "ぼうふ", "mn": "deceased father; late father", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "存亡", "rd": "そんぼう", "mn": "life or death; existence; destiny", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "未亡人", "rd": "みぼうじん", "mn": "widow", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "死亡率", "rd": "しぼうりつ", "mn": "death rate; mortality rate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "死亡者", "rd": "しぼうしゃ", "mn": "the deceased; deaths; persons killed", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 704, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "劇", "g": 6, "o": 900, "f": 662, "j": null, "on": "ゲキ", "kun": "", "m": "drama; play", "pm": "drama", "r": [{"c": "豦", "nj": "キョ", "ne": "wild boar"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "tiger; sow; pig; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "drama", "hs": "Tiger . . . sow . . . saber.", "ks": "A great Indian <b>drama</b> acted out every year is how a poor Bengali boy fended off the <i>tigers</i> from his <i>pigs</i> using only a <i>sabre</i>.", "v": [{"w": "悲劇", "rd": "ひげき", "mn": "tragedy; tragic drama; tragic play", "fr": 4850}, {"w": "劇", "rd": "げき", "mn": "drama; play", "fr": 7623}, {"w": "劇的", "rd": "げきてき", "mn": "dramatic; exciting; touching", "fr": 10054}, {"w": "劇場", "rd": "げきじょう", "mn": "theatre; theater; playhouse", "fr": 10382}, {"w": "演劇", "rd": "えんげき", "mn": "drama; theatre; theater; play", "fr": 12191}, {"w": "時代劇", "rd": "じだいげき", "mn": "historical play; period drama", "fr": 19074}, {"w": "劇団", "rd": "げきだん", "mn": "troupe; theatrical company", "fr": 21463}, {"w": "喜劇", "rd": "きげき", "mn": "comedy", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "剣劇", "rd": "けんげき", "mn": "sword play; samurai drama", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "劇作", "rd": "げきさく", "mn": "playwriting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "劇画", "rd": "げきが", "mn": "gekiga", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "劇薬", "rd": "げきやく", "mn": "powerful medicine; strong poison", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国立劇場", "rd": "こくりつげきじょう", "mn": "national theater", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新劇", "rd": "しんげき", "mn": "shingeki; new drama (movement)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歌劇", "rd": "かげき", "mn": "opera", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "模", "g": 6, "o": 901, "f": 668, "j": null, "on": "モ、ボ", "kun": "", "m": "imitation; copy; mock", "pm": "imitation", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "莫", "nj": "バク", "ne": "must not"}], "hc": "tree; wood; graveyard; flowers; sun; day; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "imitation", "hs": "Ah, but haven't modern <i>graveyards</i> become a parody of their ancestors! The flowers are plastic, the writing on the stones is unimaginative and cold, and the whole thing looks more like a marble orchard than a right and proper graveyard. This kanji continues with the modernization trend by picturing <b>imitation</b> <i>trees</i> in the <i>graveyard</i>. But of course, how convenient! They don't need pruning or fertilizing, their leaves don't fall, and they remain the same color all year long.", "ks": "If I find out this furniture you're selling me is made of <b>imitation</b> <i>wood</i> , I'll put you in the <i>graveyard</i>.", "v": [{"w": "模様", "rd": "もよう", "mn": "pattern; figure; design", "fr": 3929}, {"w": "規模", "rd": "きぼ", "mn": "scale; scope; plan; structure", "fr": 4119}, {"w": "大規模", "rd": "だいきぼ", "mn": "large-scale", "fr": 5966}, {"w": "模索", "rd": "もさく", "mn": "groping (for); fumbling around (for); searching (for an answer, solution, etc.);", "fr": 11870}, {"w": "小規模", "rd": "しょうきぼ", "mn": "small scale", "fr": 15856}, {"w": "模倣", "rd": "もほう", "mn": "imitation; copying", "fr": 18447}, {"w": "模型", "rd": "もけい", "mn": "model; dummy; maquette", "fr": 19918}, {"w": "模範", "rd": "もはん", "mn": "exemplar; model; example; pattern", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "模擬", "rd": "もぎ", "mn": "imitation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "模擬試験", "rd": "もぎしけん", "mn": "mock exam; practice exam; practice test", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "模造", "rd": "もぞう", "mn": "imitation; counterfeit; fake; sham; ersatz (object)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "宣", "g": 6, "o": 902, "f": 695, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "のたま.う", "m": "proclaim; say; announce", "pm": "proclaim", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "亘", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "span"}], "hc": "house; span; one; ceiling; sun; day; one; floor; one", "hk": "proclaim", "hs": "Under the primitive for <i>house</i> we meet the kanji for <i>span</i>. Think of the key word in its religious sense of missionary preaching:  \" <b>proclaiming</b> the good news to all nations \" and \"shouting it from the <i>housetops</i>. \" That should be enough to help you remember this simple kanji, used in fact both for traditional missionary work as well as for one of its contemporary replacements: advertising.", "ks": "You can <b>proclaim</b> your opinions from the comfort of your HOUSE and have it SPAN the entire globe these days via The Internet.", "v": [{"w": "宣言", "rd": "せんげん", "mn": "declaration; proclamation; announcement", "fr": 2768}, {"w": "宣伝", "rd": "せんでん", "mn": "publicity; advertisement; advertising; propaganda", "fr": 5526}, {"w": "宣告", "rd": "せんこく", "mn": "sentence; verdict; pronouncement", "fr": 11364}, {"w": "宣誓", "rd": "せんせい", "mn": "oath; abjuration; pledge", "fr": 24209}, {"w": "宣戦", "rd": "せんせん", "mn": "declaration of war", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宣教師", "rd": "せんきょうし", "mn": "missionary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "緊急事態宣言", "rd": "きんきゅうじたいせんげん", "mn": "declaration of a state of emergency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "街宣車", "rd": "がいせんしゃ", "mn": "sound truck (used for campaigning, advertising or propaganda); loudspeaker van; ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "託宣", "rd": "たくせん", "mn": "oracle; revelation; divine message", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "背", "g": 6, "o": 903, "f": 696, "j": null, "on": "ハイ", "kun": "せ、せい、そむ.く、そむ.ける", "m": "stature; height; back; behind; disobey; defy; go back on; rebel", "pm": "stature", "r": [{"c": "北", "nj": "ホク", "ne": "north"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "north; spoon; sitting on the ground; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "stature", "hs": "One's <b>stature</b> is measured according to the  \" <i>northern</i> -most\" <i>part of the body</i>.", "ks": "Peter North is well known for his stature. You know, the size of his flesh.", "v": [{"w": "背中", "rd": "せなか", "mn": "back (of the body)", "fr": 1082}, {"w": "背負う", "rd": "せおう", "mn": "to carry on one's back", "fr": 1665}, {"w": "背", "rd": "せ", "mn": "back", "fr": 2627}, {"w": "背後", "rd": "はいご", "mn": "back; rear", "fr": 2633}, {"w": "背筋", "rd": "せすじ", "mn": "spine; line of the backbone", "fr": 4956}, {"w": "背景", "rd": "はいけい", "mn": "background; scenery; backdrop; setting", "fr": 5532}, {"w": "背が高い", "rd": "せがたかい", "mn": "tall (of a person)", "fr": 9499}, {"w": "背く", "rd": "そむく", "mn": "to run counter to; to go against; to disobey; to infringe", "fr": 9627}, {"w": "背丈", "rd": "せたけ", "mn": "stature; height", "fr": 12683}, {"w": "背もたれ", "rd": "せもたれ", "mn": "back (of a chair); backrest", "fr": 13587}, {"w": "背骨", "rd": "せぼね", "mn": "spine; backbone; spinal column", "fr": 15522}, {"w": "背広", "rd": "せびろ", "mn": "business suit", "fr": 23508}, {"w": "猫背", "rd": "ねこぜ", "mn": "bent back; hunchback; stoop", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "背任", "rd": "はいにん", "mn": "breach of trust; malfeasance; malpractice; misappropriation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "背信", "rd": "はいしん", "mn": "betrayal; infidelity", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 130, "rp": 10, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "盛", "g": 6, "o": 904, "f": 712, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ジョウ", "kun": "も.る、さか.る、さか.ん", "m": "boom; prosper; copulate", "pm": "boom", "r": [{"c": "成", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "turn into"}, {"c": "皿", "nj": "さら", "ne": "plate"}], "hc": "turn into; dish", "hk": "boom", "hs": "Here <b>boom</b> refers to something that is popular and prospering. Its elements: <i>turn into</i> . . . <i>dish</i>.", "ks": "Japan's economic <b>boom</b> turned their empty plates into full ones.", "v": [{"w": "盛り上がる", "rd": "もりあがる", "mn": "to swell; to rise; to bulge; to be piled up", "fr": 1895}, {"w": "盛大", "rd": "せいだい", "mn": "grand; magnificent; lavish; large scale; prosperous; thriving; lively", "fr": 4350}, {"w": "盛り上げる", "rd": "もりあげる", "mn": "to pile up; to heap up", "fr": 5569}, {"w": "盛る", "rd": "もる", "mn": "to serve (in a bowl, on a plate, etc.); to dish out; to dish up; to fill (a bowl", "fr": 5997}, {"w": "盛り", "rd": "さかり", "mn": "height (e.g. of summer); peak (e.g. of cherry blossom season); (in) season; full", "fr": 9607}, {"w": "盛り上がり", "rd": "もりあがり", "mn": "climax; uprush", "fr": 10105}, {"w": "盛ん", "rd": "さかん", "mn": "prosperous; flourishing; thriving; successful", "fr": 10110}, {"w": "繁盛", "rd": "はんじょう", "mn": "prosperity; flourishing; thriving", "fr": 11662}, {"w": "大盛り", "rd": "おおもり", "mn": "large serving; large portion", "fr": 13361}, {"w": "旺盛", "rd": "おうせい", "mn": "lively; vigorous; energetic; healthy; avid (e.g. desire); rich (e.g. imagination", "fr": 13691}, {"w": "盛況", "rd": "せいきょう", "mn": "success; boom; being well-attended (of an event); prosperity", "fr": 20184}, {"w": "全盛", "rd": "ぜんせい", "mn": "height of prosperity", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "働き盛り", "rd": "はたらきざかり", "mn": "prime of one's working life", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "意気盛ん", "rd": "いきさかん", "mn": "in high spirits", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "最盛期", "rd": "さいせいき", "mn": "golden age; prime; heyday; height of prosperity", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "皇", "g": 6, "o": 905, "f": 721, "j": null, "on": "コウ、オウ", "kun": "", "m": "emperor", "pm": "emperor", "r": [{"c": "白", "nj": "しろ", "ne": "white"}, {"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}], "hc": "white; dove; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "emperor", "hs": "An <b>emperor</b> , as we all know, is a ruler - something like a <i>king</i> but higher in status. The <i>white bird</i> perched above the <i>king</i> , elevating him to <b>imperial</b> heights, is the messenger he sends back and forth to the gods to request advice and special favors, something that <i>white birds</i> have long done in folklore throughout the world.", "ks": "The white dove descended on the king and he was promoted to emperor.", "v": [{"w": "皇帝", "rd": "こうてい", "mn": "emperor", "fr": 13300}, {"w": "天皇", "rd": "てんのう", "mn": "Emperor of Japan", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "皇居", "rd": "こうきょ", "mn": "Imperial Palace (of Japan); imperial residence", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "上皇", "rd": "じょうこう", "mn": "retired emperor; ex-emperor; former emperor; emperor emeritus", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "天皇制", "rd": "てんのうせい", "mn": "the Emperor System", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "天皇陛下", "rd": "てんのうへいか", "mn": "His Majesty the Emperor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皇位", "rd": "こうい", "mn": "imperial throne", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皇后", "rd": "こうごう", "mn": "empress (consort)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皇太后", "rd": "こうたいごう", "mn": "Empress Dowager; Queen Mother", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皇太子", "rd": "こうたいし", "mn": "crown prince", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皇太子妃", "rd": "こうたいしひ", "mn": "crown princess", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皇女", "rd": "こうじょ", "mn": "imperial princess", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皇室", "rd": "こうしつ", "mn": "Imperial household", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皇族", "rd": "こうぞく", "mn": "imperial family; royalty", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皇民党", "rd": "こうみんとう", "mn": "Imperialist Party", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "臨", "g": 6, "o": 906, "f": 722, "j": null, "on": "リン", "kun": "のぞ.む", "m": "look to; face; meet; confront; attend; call on", "pm": "look to", "r": [{"c": "臣", "nj": "しん", "ne": "retainer"}, {"c": "品", "nj": "ヒン", "ne": "goods"}], "hc": "retainer; slave; reclining; lying down; goods; mouth", "hk": "look to", "hs": "<i>Slave</i> . . . <i>reclining</i> . . . <i>goods</i>. The key word suggests both <b>looking</b> ahead <b>to</b> something and  \"seeing to\" what is at hand. Consistent with everything we have learned about the role of the key word, this means that you must choose ONE meaning and stick to it.", "ks": "Roman master to slave \\- \"I want you to look to the goods while I recline on this couch.\".", "v": [{"w": "臨む", "rd": "のぞむ", "mn": "to look out on; to overlook; to front onto", "fr": 5947}, {"w": "臨時", "rd": "りんじ", "mn": "temporary; provisional; interim", "fr": 8882}, {"w": "君臨", "rd": "くんりん", "mn": "reigning (over a country)", "fr": 10737}, {"w": "臨場感", "rd": "りんじょうかん", "mn": "(sense of) presence; feeling as if one was there; feeling of actually being ther", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "臨床", "rd": "りんしょう", "mn": "clinical (e.g. pathology, training, trial)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "臨海", "rd": "りんかい", "mn": "coastal; seaside; oceanfront; maritime", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "臨界", "rd": "りんかい", "mn": "boundary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "臨終", "rd": "りんじゅう", "mn": "deathbed; dying hour; one's death", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "署", "g": 6, "o": 907, "f": 725, "j": null, "on": "ショ", "kun": "", "m": "signature; govt office; police station", "pm": "signature", "r": [{"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "者", "nj": "シャ", "ne": "someone"}], "hc": "eye; cross-eyed; net; someone; puppet; sooty; old man; sun; day", "hk": "signature", "hs": "Eye . . . puppet.", "ks": "Someone looking askance at my love doll's signature on a waiver of liablility…", "v": [{"w": "部署", "rd": "ぶしょ", "mn": "one's post; one's station; department; bureau; section", "fr": 8961}, {"w": "署名", "rd": "しょめい", "mn": "signature; autograph", "fr": 12188}, {"w": "警察署", "rd": "けいさつしょ", "mn": "police station", "fr": 14124}, {"w": "署長", "rd": "しょちょう", "mn": "chief (of police); head (of office)", "fr": 23131}, {"w": "消防署", "rd": "しょうぼうしょ", "mn": "fire station", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "税務署", "rd": "ぜいむしょ", "mn": "tax office", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "署員", "rd": "しょいん", "mn": "staff member; station employee; official", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 52, "rp": 43, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "源", "g": 6, "o": 908, "f": 738, "j": null, "on": "ゲン", "kun": "みなもと", "m": "source; origin", "pm": "source", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "原", "nj": "ゲン", "ne": "meadow"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; meadow; cliff; sun; day; small; little", "hk": "source", "hs": "With the advice of the last frame in mind, it is easy to see <i>water</i> and <i>meadow</i> in this character for <b>source</b>. Both in its etymology (it has a common parent with the word  \"surge\") and in popular usage, <b>source</b> suggests the place <i>water</i> comes from. In this kanji, it is under the <i>meadow</i> , where we just saw it breaking the surface in those bubbly little <i>springs</i>.", "ks": "Water is the source of a meadow 's beauty.", "v": [{"w": "源", "rd": "みなもと", "mn": "source (of a river); fountainhead", "fr": 5544}, {"w": "電源", "rd": "でんげん", "mn": "source of electricity; electrical power", "fr": 5985}, {"w": "資源", "rd": "しげん", "mn": "resources", "fr": 13622}, {"w": "根源", "rd": "こんげん", "mn": "root; source; origin; cause", "fr": 14146}, {"w": "起源", "rd": "きげん", "mn": "origin; beginning; source", "fr": 20299}, {"w": "源泉", "rd": "げんせん", "mn": "source (of a spring, etc.)", "fr": 23807}, {"w": "水源", "rd": "すいげん", "mn": "source of river; fountainhead", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "語源", "rd": "ごげん", "mn": "origin of a word; derivation of a word; etymology", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "財源", "rd": "ざいげん", "mn": "source of funds; resources; finances", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "源氏", "rd": "げんじ", "mn": "Genji (the character in the Genji Monogatari)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "源流", "rd": "げんりゅう", "mn": "source (e.g. of a river); headwaters", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "資源エネルギー庁", "rd": "しげんエネルギーちょう", "mn": "Agency of Natural Resources and Energy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "電源ケーブル", "rd": "でんげんケーブル", "mn": "power cable; power lead", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "電源開発", "rd": "でんげんかいはつ", "mn": "development of electrical power resources", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "震源", "rd": "しんげん", "mn": "hypocentre (of an earthquake); hypocenter; focus", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "創", "g": 6, "o": 909, "f": 741, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、ショウ", "kun": "つく.る、はじ.める、きず、けず.しける", "m": "genesis; wound; injury; hurt; start; originate", "pm": "genesis", "r": [{"c": "倉", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "godown"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "godown; meeting; single gate; umbrella; stable door; mouth; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "genesis", "hs": "Godown . . . saber.", "ks": "Back in the day the people were so excited to get hold of the Sega <b>genesis</b> they looted the godown with sabers.", "v": [{"w": "創る", "rd": "つくる", "mn": "to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct", "fr": 10501}, {"w": "創作", "rd": "そうさく", "mn": "creation; production; creative work (novel, film, etc.); original work; (creativ", "fr": 10744}, {"w": "創造", "rd": "そうぞう", "mn": "creation", "fr": 11904}, {"w": "創立", "rd": "そうりつ", "mn": "establishment; founding; organization; organisation", "fr": 23249}, {"w": "創設", "rd": "そうせつ", "mn": "establishment; founding; organization; organisation", "fr": 23425}, {"w": "創刊", "rd": "そうかん", "mn": "foundation (of a newspaper, magazine, etc.); starting; launching; first publicat", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "独創", "rd": "どくそう", "mn": "originality", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "創価学会", "rd": "そうかがっかい", "mn": "Soka Gakkai (lay organization based on Nichiren Buddhism)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "創出", "rd": "そうしゅつ", "mn": "creation; generation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "創始", "rd": "そうし", "mn": "creation; founding; initiating", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "創意", "rd": "そうい", "mn": "original idea; originality", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "創業", "rd": "そうぎょう", "mn": "establishment (of a business); founding", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "創造力", "rd": "そうぞうりょく", "mn": "creative power; creativity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "創造的", "rd": "そうぞうてき", "mn": "creative", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "独創的", "rd": "どくそうてき", "mn": "creative; original", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "障", "g": 6, "o": 910, "f": 742, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "さわ.る", "m": "hinder; hurt; harm", "pm": "hinder", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "章", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "badge"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; badge; vase; stand up; sunflower; early; sun; day; ten; needle", "hk": "hinder", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . badge.", "ks": "At the pinnacle I was awarded a badge so big that it hinder s my movement.", "v": [{"w": "障害", "rd": "しょうがい", "mn": "obstacle; impediment; hindrance; barrier; difficulty", "fr": 5203}, {"w": "支障", "rd": "ししょう", "mn": "obstacle; hindrance; impediment; difficulty", "fr": 6634}, {"w": "故障", "rd": "こしょう", "mn": "fault; trouble; breakdown; failure; being out of order", "fr": 7329}, {"w": "保障", "rd": "ほしょう", "mn": "guarantee; security; assurance; pledge", "fr": 12498}, {"w": "耳障り", "rd": "みみざわり", "mn": "hard (on the ears); offensive (to the ear); rasping; rough; harsh; grating; jarr", "fr": 13090}, {"w": "障壁", "rd": "しょうへき", "mn": "enclosing wall; boundary fence", "fr": 16161}, {"w": "障る", "rd": "さわる", "mn": "to be harmful to; to hinder; to interfere with; to irritate", "fr": 19150}, {"w": "障子", "rd": "しょうじ", "mn": "shoji (paper sliding door)", "fr": 20298}, {"w": "気障", "rd": "きざ", "mn": "affected; smug; pompous; conceited; snobby; pretentious", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "安全保障", "rd": "あんぜんほしょう", "mn": "(guarantee of) security", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "白内障", "rd": "はくないしょう", "mn": "cataract", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "社会保障", "rd": "しゃかいほしょう", "mn": "social security", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "精神障害", "rd": "せいしんしょうがい", "mn": "mental disorder; mental disability; mental illness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "身体障害者", "rd": "しんたいしょうがいしゃ", "mn": "(physically) disabled person; person with a physical disability", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "身障者", "rd": "しんしょうしゃ", "mn": "(physically) disabled person; person with a physical disability", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "筋", "g": 6, "o": 911, "f": 744, "j": null, "on": "キン", "kun": "すじ", "m": "muscle; sinew; tendon; fiber; plot; plan; descent", "pm": "muscle", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "肋", "nj": "ロク", "ne": "rib"}], "hc": "bamboo; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; power; arnold", "hk": "muscle", "hs": "<i>Bamboo</i> . . . <i>part of the body</i> . . . <i>power</i>. Here we see how the primitive meaning of <b>muscle</b> was derived from the kanji for <i>power</i>.", "ks": "<b>Muscle</b> is part of the body that gives strength, and can be both supple and tense like the bamboo.", "v": [{"w": "筋", "rd": "すじ", "mn": "muscle; tendon; sinew", "fr": 2910}, {"w": "筋肉", "rd": "きんにく", "mn": "muscle", "fr": 3368}, {"w": "背筋", "rd": "せすじ", "mn": "spine; line of the backbone", "fr": 4956}, {"w": "一筋", "rd": "ひとすじ", "mn": "one line; one stretch (e.g. of road); one strand (e.g. of hair); one beam (e.g. ", "fr": 6081}, {"w": "筋力", "rd": "きんりょく", "mn": "physical strength; muscle strength", "fr": 13293}, {"w": "道筋", "rd": "みちすじ", "mn": "path; route; itinerary", "fr": 14145}, {"w": "筋書き", "rd": "すじがき", "mn": "synopsis; outline; plot", "fr": 15250}, {"w": "粗筋", "rd": "あらすじ", "mn": "outline; summary; argument", "fr": 20220}, {"w": "筋違い", "rd": "すじちがい", "mn": "cramp; sprain; crick; strain (muscle)", "fr": 22227}, {"w": "大筋", "rd": "おおすじ", "mn": "outline; summary; gist; basic points", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "売れ筋", "rd": "うれすじ", "mn": "popular line (of products); best-selling line; hot sellers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "売れ筋ランキング", "rd": "うれすじランキング", "mn": "list of top-selling products", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "心筋", "rd": "しんきん", "mn": "cardiac muscle; heart muscle; myocardium", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "消息筋", "rd": "しょうそくすじ", "mn": "informed circles", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "筋道", "rd": "すじみち", "mn": "reason; logic", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "延", "g": 6, "o": 912, "f": 747, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "の.びる、の.べる、の.べ、の.ばす", "m": "prolong; stretching", "pm": "prolong", "r": [{"c": "正", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "correct"}, {"c": "廴", "nj": "えんにょう", "ne": "to move"}], "hc": "drop; stop; footprint; stretch", "hk": "prolong", "hs": "This character is a kind of pictographic image of how <b>prolonging</b> is a clever way of <i>stopping</i> things by trying to <i>stretch</i> them out a little bit at a time (the extra <i>drop</i> at the top of <i>stop</i> ). Be sure to get a concrete image of this process, by imagining yourself <b>prolonging</b> something you can really, physically, <i>stretch</i>.", "ks": "<i>Stretch</i> ing <i>correct</i> ly <b>prolong</b> s life. Even the top part of 正 is stretching…", "v": [{"w": "延々", "rd": "えんえん", "mn": "endlessly; continuously; (going) on and on", "fr": 6953}, {"w": "延長", "rd": "えんちょう", "mn": "extension; elongation; prolongation; lengthening", "fr": 7089}, {"w": "延びる", "rd": "のびる", "mn": "to stretch; to extend; to lengthen; to grow (of hair, height, grass, etc.)", "fr": 10000}, {"w": "延ばす", "rd": "のばす", "mn": "to grow long (e.g. hair, nails)", "fr": 10522}, {"w": "延期", "rd": "えんき", "mn": "postponement; deferment; adjournment", "fr": 12809}, {"w": "引き延ばす", "rd": "ひきのばす", "mn": "to stretch larger", "fr": 14988}, {"w": "蔓延", "rd": "まんえん", "mn": "spread (e.g. of a disease); rampancy; infestation; proliferation; being widespre", "fr": 19412}, {"w": "蔓延る", "rd": "はびこる", "mn": "to become overgrown; to grow thick", "fr": 21919}, {"w": "延命", "rd": "えんめい", "mn": "keeping alive longer; prolonging life; life extension; life-support", "fr": 24912}, {"w": "延べ", "rd": "のべ", "mn": "futures", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "延滞", "rd": "えんたい", "mn": "arrears; (being) overdue; delay (e.g. in payment); procrastination", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "繰り延べ", "rd": "くりのべ", "mn": "postponement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遅延", "rd": "ちえん", "mn": "delay; latency", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "乱", "g": 6, "o": 913, "f": 755, "j": null, "on": "ラン、ロン", "kun": "みだ.れる、みだ.る、みだ.す、みだ、おさ.める、わた.る", "m": "riot; war; disorder; disturb", "pm": "riot", "r": [{"c": "舌", "nj": "した", "ne": "tongue"}, {"c": "乙", "nj": "おつ", "ne": "the second"}], "hc": "tongue; thousand; drop; ten; needle; mouth; fishhook", "hk": "riot", "hs": "In a <b>riot</b> , manners are laid aside and tempers get short, even in so courtesy-conscious a land as Japan. This kanji shows what happens to a <b>rioting</b> <i>tongue</i> : it gets \"barbed\" like a <i>fishhook</i> , and sets to attacking the opposition, to <i>hook</i> them as it were.", "ks": "A tongue with a hook can cause a riot.", "v": [{"w": "混乱", "rd": "こんらん", "mn": "disorder; chaos; confusion; mayhem", "fr": 1773}, {"w": "乱暴", "rd": "らんぼう", "mn": "violence; assault; rowdiness; wildness; running riot", "fr": 2628}, {"w": "乱れる", "rd": "みだれる", "mn": "to be disordered; to be disarranged; to be disarrayed; to be disheveled; to be d", "fr": 2851}, {"w": "乱す", "rd": "みだす", "mn": "to throw into disorder; to disarrange; to disturb (order, peace, etc.); to corru", "fr": 4270}, {"w": "波乱", "rd": "はらん", "mn": "disturbance; trouble; commotion; uproar; turmoil", "fr": 14556}, {"w": "反乱", "rd": "はんらん", "mn": "insurrection; mutiny; rebellion; revolt; uprising", "fr": 14684}, {"w": "錯乱", "rd": "さくらん", "mn": "confusion; distraction; derangement", "fr": 15945}, {"w": "乱雑", "rd": "らんざつ", "mn": "disorder; confusion; clutter; mess; muddle; disarray", "fr": 16945}, {"w": "咲き乱れる", "rd": "さきみだれる", "mn": "to bloom in profusion", "fr": 22892}, {"w": "狂乱", "rd": "きょうらん", "mn": "fury; frenzy; madness; wildness", "fr": 23863}, {"w": "内乱", "rd": "ないらん", "mn": "civil war; insurrection; rebellion; domestic conflict", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "乱れ", "rd": "みだれ", "mn": "disorder; disturbance; unrest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "乱売", "rd": "らんばい", "mn": "selling at a fire-sale price; clearance sale; dumping", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "乱獲", "rd": "らんかく", "mn": "overfishing; overhunting; indiscriminate fishing; indiscriminate hunting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "乱用", "rd": "らんよう", "mn": "abuse; misuse; misappropriation; using to excess", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "善", "g": 6, "o": 914, "f": 765, "j": null, "on": "ゼン", "kun": "よ.い、い.い、よ.く、よし.とする", "m": "virtuous; good; goodness", "pm": "virtuous", "r": [{"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "sheep; horns; mouth", "hk": "virtuous", "hs": "<i>Sheep</i> . . . <i>horns</i> . . . <i>mouth</i>. Pay special attention to the writing of this character.", "ks": "Imagine a priest's teaching: \"To achieve <b>virtue</b> one must first submit himself as a <i>sheep</i> to God's flock, rejecting the <i>horns</i> of Satan and resisting the <i>mouth</i> of Hell.", "v": [{"w": "改善", "rd": "かいぜん", "mn": "betterment; improvement", "fr": 5806}, {"w": "最善", "rd": "さいぜん", "mn": "the very best; utmost", "fr": 6226}, {"w": "善", "rd": "ぜん", "mn": "good; goodness; right; virtue", "fr": 7627}, {"w": "善意", "rd": "ぜんい", "mn": "virtuous mind", "fr": 9118}, {"w": "善良", "rd": "ぜんりょう", "mn": "good (person, nature, etc.); good-natured; virtuous; honest", "fr": 11700}, {"w": "善悪", "rd": "ぜんあく", "mn": "right and wrong; good and evil", "fr": 18004}, {"w": "善し悪し", "rd": "よしあし", "mn": "right or wrong; good or bad; quality; suitability", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "親善", "rd": "しんぜん", "mn": "friendship; goodwill; friendly relations; amity", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "勧善懲悪", "rd": "かんぜんちょうあく", "mn": "rewarding good and punishing evil; poetic justice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "善戦", "rd": "ぜんせん", "mn": "fighting a good fight; putting up a good fight; fighting bravely", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "善隣", "rd": "ぜんりん", "mn": "good neighbour; good neighbor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慈善", "rd": "じぜん", "mn": "charity; benevolence; philanthropy", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 46, "rp": 22, "l": 3, "n": "善 喜ぶ"}}, {"k": "承", "g": 6, "o": 915, "f": 775, "j": null, "on": "ショウ、ジョウ", "kun": "うけたまわ.る、う.ける", "m": "acquiesce; hear; listen to; be informed; receive", "pm": "acquiesce", "r": [{"c": "了", "nj": "リョウ", "ne": "complete"}, {"c": "三", "nj": "サン", "ne": "three"}, {"c": "水", "nj": "みず", "ne": "water"}], "hc": "water; complete; three", "hk": "acquiesce", "hs": "The sense of passive acceptance or reception of information is contained in this key word. The form is based on the middle portion of the preceding character, with three additional strokes, best thought of as the kanji for <i>three</i>.", "ks": "To get someone to <i>completely</i> <b>acquiesce</b> it takes <i>3</i> dunks in the <i>water</i> before they give.", "v": [{"w": "承知", "rd": "しょうち", "mn": "knowledge; awareness", "fr": 1645}, {"w": "承諾", "rd": "しょうだく", "mn": "consent; approval; acceptance; agreement; compliance", "fr": 6270}, {"w": "了承", "rd": "りょうしょう", "mn": "acknowledgement; acknowledgment; understanding; approval; consent", "fr": 7325}, {"w": "承る", "rd": "うけたまわる", "mn": "to hear; to be told; to know", "fr": 10038}, {"w": "承認", "rd": "しょうにん", "mn": "recognition; acknowledgement; acknowledgment; approval; consent; agreement", "fr": 10040}, {"w": "伝承", "rd": "でんしょう", "mn": "handing down (information); legend; tradition; folklore; transmission", "fr": 11445}, {"w": "継承", "rd": "けいしょう", "mn": "inheritance; succession; accession", "fr": 13665}, {"w": "ご了承ください", "rd": "ごりょうしょうください", "mn": "please be aware (that ...); please note (that ...); please understand (that ...)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "承服", "rd": "しょうふく", "mn": "accepting; consenting; agreeing; submission; compliance; agreement; consent", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 27, "rp": 8, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "庁", "g": 6, "o": 916, "f": 793, "j": null, "on": "チョウ、テイ", "kun": "やくしょ", "m": "government office", "pm": "government office", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "丁", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "street"}], "hc": "cave; street; nail; spike", "hk": "government office", "hs": "Cave . . . a spike.", "ks": "Because of his cave man instincts, Clinton tried to nail Monica L. in his gov't office.", "v": [{"w": "警視庁", "rd": "けいしちょう", "mn": "Metropolitan Police Department (Tokyo)", "fr": 12241}, {"w": "官庁", "rd": "かんちょう", "mn": "government office; government agency; authorities", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "庁", "rd": "ちょう", "mn": "government office; agency; board", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "県庁", "rd": "けんちょう", "mn": "prefectural office", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "北海道開発庁長官", "rd": "ほっかいどうかいはつちょうちょうかん", "mn": "Director General of Hokkaido Development Agency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国土庁", "rd": "こくどちょう", "mn": "(Japanese) National Land Agency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国税庁", "rd": "こくぜいちょう", "mn": "National Tax Agency (Japan)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "官公庁", "rd": "かんこうちょう", "mn": "government and municipal offices; public agencies", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宮内庁", "rd": "くないちょう", "mn": "Imperial Household Agency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "庁舎", "rd": "ちょうしゃ", "mn": "government office building", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "府庁", "rd": "ふちょう", "mn": "prefectural office (of Osaka or Kyoto)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "政庁", "rd": "せいちょう", "mn": "government office", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "文化庁", "rd": "ぶんかちょう", "mn": "Agency for Cultural Affairs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "林野庁", "rd": "りんやちょう", "mn": "Forestry Agency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "検察庁", "rd": "けんさつちょう", "mn": "Public Prosecutors Office", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "層", "g": 6, "o": 917, "f": 801, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "", "m": "stratum; social class; layer; story; floor", "pm": "stratum", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "曽", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "formerly"}], "hc": "flag; increase; formerly; horns; rice field; brains; sun; day", "hk": "stratum", "hs": "Flag . . . increase.", "ks": "The strata have piled up in an ever <i>increasing</i> pile of dirt. As the geologists go down the rocks, they <i>flag</i> each <b>stratum</b> with the name of the corresponding era.", "v": [{"w": "一層", "rd": "いっそう", "mn": "even more; still more; all the more; more than ever", "fr": 5337}, {"w": "大層", "rd": "たいそう", "mn": "very; extremely; exceedingly; greatly; terribly", "fr": 7056}, {"w": "階層", "rd": "かいそう", "mn": "class; level; stratum; layer; hierarchy", "fr": 16903}, {"w": "高層", "rd": "こうそう", "mn": "high-rise (building); multistory; multistoried; tall", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "上層", "rd": "じょうそう", "mn": "upper stratum (classes, stories, storeys); upper layer; layer above", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "地層", "rd": "ちそう", "mn": "stratum; geological formation; layer; bed (coal, gravel, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "年齢層", "rd": "ねんれいそう", "mn": "age range; age-group; age bracket", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "成層圏", "rd": "せいそうけん", "mn": "stratosphere", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "断層", "rd": "だんそう", "mn": "fault; dislocation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "深層", "rd": "しんそう", "mn": "depths; deep level", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "無党派層", "rd": "むとうはそう", "mn": "unaffiliated voters; floating voters; swinging voters", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "重層", "rd": "じゅうそう", "mn": "multistoried; multilayered", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "裏", "g": 6, "o": 918, "f": 812, "j": null, "on": "リ", "kun": "うら", "m": "back; amidst; in; reverse; inside; palm; sole; rear; lining; wrong side", "pm": "back", "r": [{"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "里", "nj": "さと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "top hat; scarf; computer", "hk": "back", "hs": "An innocent looking <i>top hat and scarf</i> lying there in front of you, turned over, reveal a hidden <i>computer</i> sewn into the <b>back</b> of each - obviously the tools of a master spy. Such experiences teach one always to have a look at the <b>back</b> side of things.", "ks": "I'll be back ! says the computer Terminator, disguised with a top hat and a scarf.", "v": [{"w": "裏", "rd": "うら", "mn": "opposite side; bottom; other side; side hidden from view; undersurface; reverse ", "fr": 954}, {"w": "裏切る", "rd": "うらぎる", "mn": "to betray; to turn traitor (to); to double-cross; to go back on; to be unfaithfu", "fr": 1292}, {"w": "裏切り者", "rd": "うらぎりもの", "mn": "betrayer; traitor; turncoat; informer", "fr": 5079}, {"w": "裏側", "rd": "うらがわ", "mn": "the reverse (side); back (side); other side; hidden side; behind the scenes", "fr": 5403}, {"w": "脳裏", "rd": "のうり", "mn": "one's mind", "fr": 6039}, {"w": "裏切り", "rd": "うらぎり", "mn": "treachery; betrayal; perfidy", "fr": 6075}, {"w": "裏腹", "rd": "うらはら", "mn": "opposite; reverse; contrary", "fr": 6474}, {"w": "裏口", "rd": "うらぐち", "mn": "backdoor; rear entrance; rear exit", "fr": 8562}, {"w": "裏返し", "rd": "うらがえし", "mn": "inside out; upside down", "fr": 14099}, {"w": "裏返す", "rd": "うらがえす", "mn": "to turn inside out; to turn the other way; to turn (something) over", "fr": 15124}, {"w": "裏付ける", "rd": "うらづける", "mn": "to support (a theory, claim, etc.); to back up; to substantiate; to prove", "fr": 15375}, {"w": "裏方", "rd": "うらかた", "mn": "someone working behind-the-scenes; scene shifter", "fr": 15479}, {"w": "裏表", "rd": "うらおもて", "mn": "back and front; inside and outside; both sides", "fr": 16033}, {"w": "裏付け", "rd": "うらづけ", "mn": "support (e.g. for an argument); backing; proof; evidence; corroboration; substan", "fr": 21052}, {"w": "裏道", "rd": "うらみち", "mn": "back lane; byway; back street", "fr": 24628}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 72, "rp": 30, "l": 4, "n": "裏 表"}}, {"k": "密", "g": 6, "o": 919, "f": 815, "j": null, "on": "ミツ", "kun": "ひそ.か", "m": "secrecy; density (pop); minuteness; carefulness", "pm": "secrecy", "r": [{"c": "宓", "nj": "ミチ", "ne": "quiet"}, {"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}], "hc": "house; invariably; heart; mountain", "hk": "secrecy", "hs": "House . . . invariably . . . mountain.", "ks": "To maintain <b>secrecy</b> , secret societies invariably have to house themselves in the moutains.", "v": [{"w": "秘密", "rd": "ひみつ", "mn": "secret; secrecy; confidentiality; privacy", "fr": 939}, {"w": "密着", "rd": "みっちゃく", "mn": "close adhesion; sticking firmly (to); being glued (to)", "fr": 5483}, {"w": "密か", "rd": "ひそか", "mn": "secret; private; surreptitious", "fr": 7134}, {"w": "親密", "rd": "しんみつ", "mn": "intimacy; friendship", "fr": 10608}, {"w": "密室", "rd": "みっしつ", "mn": "locked room", "fr": 10804}, {"w": "厳密", "rd": "げんみつ", "mn": "strict; close; precise; scrupulous", "fr": 11226}, {"w": "密度", "rd": "みつど", "mn": "density", "fr": 12621}, {"w": "機密", "rd": "きみつ", "mn": "secrecy; highly classified information", "fr": 13490}, {"w": "密集", "rd": "みっしゅう", "mn": "crowding together; clustering together; close formation; swarm", "fr": 14568}, {"w": "精密", "rd": "せいみつ", "mn": "precise; exact; detailed; accurate; minute; close", "fr": 14611}, {"w": "緻密", "rd": "ちみつ", "mn": "fine (grain, workmanship, etc.); close (weave); delicate; intricate; elaborate", "fr": 17966}, {"w": "綿密", "rd": "めんみつ", "mn": "minute; detailed; careful; scrupulous; thorough", "fr": 19332}, {"w": "密接", "rd": "みっせつ", "mn": "close (relationship, connection, etc.); intimate; near", "fr": 20064}, {"w": "過密", "rd": "かみつ", "mn": "overcrowding; congestion; overpopulation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "密入国", "rd": "みつにゅうこく", "mn": "smuggling oneself into a country; illegal immigration", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "我", "g": 6, "o": 920, "f": 829, "j": null, "on": "ガ", "kun": "われ、わ、わ.が-、わが-", "m": "ego; I; selfish; our; oneself", "pm": "ego", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "戈", "nj": "ほこ", "ne": "spear"}, {"c": "亅", "nj": "はねぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke with a hook"}], "hc": "hand; fiesta", "hk": "ego", "hs": "<i>Hand</i> . . . <i>fiesta</i>. Note how the second stroke of the <i>hand</i> is stretched across to double up as the first stroke of the tasseled arrow we use for <i>fiesta</i>. Compare to frames 17, 36, and 564.", "ks": "Someone with a huge <b>EGO</b> is too good for any romantic partner and as such has nothing but personal \" <i>hand</i> <i>fiesta</i> s\" with himself every night.", "v": [{"w": "我々", "rd": "われわれ", "mn": "we", "fr": 797}, {"w": "我慢", "rd": "がまん", "mn": "endurance; patience; perseverance; bearing (with something)", "fr": 799}, {"w": "我が", "rd": "わが", "mn": "my; our; one's own", "fr": 1508}, {"w": "我ら", "rd": "われら", "mn": "we; us", "fr": 3241}, {"w": "怪我", "rd": "けが", "mn": "injury; wound", "fr": 3321}, {"w": "我", "rd": "われ", "mn": "I; me", "fr": 3935}, {"w": "我が家", "rd": "わがや", "mn": "one's house; one's home; one's family", "fr": 5484}, {"w": "自我", "rd": "じが", "mn": "ego", "fr": 10439}, {"w": "我が国", "rd": "わがくに", "mn": "our country; our land; one's own country", "fr": 10741}, {"w": "怪我人", "rd": "けがにん", "mn": "wounded person; injured person", "fr": 13617}, {"w": "我儘", "rd": "わがまま", "mn": "selfish; egoist", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "無我", "rd": "むが", "mn": "selflessness; self-effacement; self-renunciation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "勤", "g": 6, "o": 921, "f": 830, "j": null, "on": "キン、ゴン", "kun": "つと.める、-づと.め、つと.まる、いそ.しむ", "m": "diligence; become employed; serve", "pm": "diligence", "r": [{"c": "菫", "nj": "キン", "ne": "the violet"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "cabbage; flowers; mouth; grow up; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "diligence", "hs": "Cabbage . . . muscle.", "ks": "Growing <i>cabbages</i> takes <i>muscle</i> and <b>diligence</b>.", "v": [{"w": "勤める", "rd": "つとめる", "mn": "to work (for); to be employed (at); to serve (in)", "fr": 4527}, {"w": "勤務", "rd": "きんむ", "mn": "service; duty; work", "fr": 6684}, {"w": "出勤", "rd": "しゅっきん", "mn": "going to work; leaving for work; attendance (at work); being at work; presence (", "fr": 8082}, {"w": "勤め", "rd": "つとめ", "mn": "service; duty; business; responsibility; task", "fr": 15221}, {"w": "通勤", "rd": "つうきん", "mn": "commuting to work", "fr": 17521}, {"w": "勤勉", "rd": "きんべん", "mn": "diligent; hard-working; industrious", "fr": 18152}, {"w": "転勤", "rd": "てんきん", "mn": "job transfer; job relocation; intra-company transfer", "fr": 18319}, {"w": "夜勤", "rd": "やきん", "mn": "night duty; night shift; night work", "fr": 22141}, {"w": "勤め先", "rd": "つとめさき", "mn": "place of work", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "勤労", "rd": "きんろう", "mn": "labor; labour; exertion; diligent service", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "勤労者", "rd": "きんろうしゃ", "mn": "worker", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "勤務時間", "rd": "きんむじかん", "mn": "office hours; business hours; working hours", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "勤続", "rd": "きんぞく", "mn": "continuous service", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "常勤", "rd": "じょうきん", "mn": "full-time employment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "非常勤", "rd": "ひじょうきん", "mn": "part-time work", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 54, "rp": 68, "l": 14, "n": ""}}, {"k": "幕", "g": 6, "o": 922, "f": 835, "j": null, "on": "マク、バク", "kun": "とばり", "m": "curtain; bunting; act of play", "pm": "curtain", "r": [{"c": "莫", "nj": "バク", "ne": "must not"}, {"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}], "hc": "graveyard; flowers; sun; day; large; St. Bernard; towel", "hk": "curtain", "hs": "A dirty <i>towel</i> draped over the entrance to the old <i>graveyard</i> is painted to look like the <b>curtain</b> of death that leads to the otherworld.", "ks": "When you're dead in the graveyard , \"it's curtains for you.\".", "v": [{"w": "幕", "rd": "まく", "mn": "curtain", "fr": 4420}, {"w": "黒幕", "rd": "くろまく", "mn": "black curtain", "fr": 9218}, {"w": "開幕", "rd": "かいまく", "mn": "raising the curtain", "fr": 14066}, {"w": "幕開け", "rd": "まくあけ", "mn": "rise of the curtain; opening of a play", "fr": 19593}, {"w": "一幕", "rd": "ひとまく", "mn": "one act (of a play)", "fr": 24106}, {"w": "幕府", "rd": "ばくふ", "mn": "shogunate; bakufu", "fr": 24795}, {"w": "入幕", "rd": "にゅうまく", "mn": "advancing to the first grade", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "内幕", "rd": "うちまく", "mn": "lowdown; inside information; hidden circumstances; inside facts; inner workings;", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "垂れ幕", "rd": "たれまく", "mn": "hanging banner; hanging screen; curtain", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "字幕", "rd": "じまく", "mn": "subtitles; captioning", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "幕下", "rd": "まくした", "mn": "third highest division; wrestlers of the third highest division", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "幕僚", "rd": "ばくりょう", "mn": "staff; staff officer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "幕内", "rd": "まくうち", "mn": "makuuchi; top division (of professional sumo)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "幕切れ", "rd": "まくぎれ", "mn": "fall of the curtain; end of an act", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "幕末", "rd": "ばくまつ", "mn": "Bakumatsu period; closing days of the Tokugawa shogunate; end of the Edo period", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "染", "g": 6, "o": 923, "f": 837, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "そ.める、そ.まる、し.みる、し.み", "m": "dye; color; paint; stain; print", "pm": "dye", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "九", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "nine"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; nine; baseball; tree; wood", "hk": "dye", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>nine</i> . . . <i>tree</i>. From those elements you must compose a plot for the key word, <b>dye</b>. Here, as elsewhere, any of the alternate meanings of the primitives may be used, provided they do not require a position other than that of the kanji in question.", "ks": "To make this <b>dye</b> , I used <i>water</i> and the barks of <i>nine</i> different <i>tree</i> s.", "v": [{"w": "染まる", "rd": "そまる", "mn": "to be dyed", "fr": 3338}, {"w": "染める", "rd": "そめる", "mn": "to dye; to colour; to color", "fr": 3852}, {"w": "馴染む", "rd": "なじむ", "mn": "to become familiar with; to get used to; to become accustomed to; to adapt onese", "fr": 5725}, {"w": "染み", "rd": "しみ", "mn": "stain; spot; smudge; blot; smear; blotch", "fr": 9059}, {"w": "染みる", "rd": "しみる", "mn": "to soak (into); to permeate; to seep (in); to penetrate; to pierce", "fr": 9365}, {"w": "感染", "rd": "かんせん", "mn": "infection; contagion; becoming infected", "fr": 11124}, {"w": "汚染", "rd": "おせん", "mn": "pollution; contamination", "fr": 14050}, {"w": "伝染", "rd": "でんせん", "mn": "contagion; infection", "fr": 18137}, {"w": "お馴染み", "rd": "おなじみ", "mn": "familiar; well-known; regular (e.g. customer); favourite; favorite", "fr": 23177}, {"w": "伝染病", "rd": "でんせんびょう", "mn": "contagious disease; communicable disease; transmissible disease; infectious dise", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "感染症", "rd": "かんせんしょう", "mn": "infectious disease; infection", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新型コロナウイルス感染症", "rd": "しんがたコロナウイルスかんせんしょう", "mn": "COVID-19; coronavirus disease 2019", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "染め", "rd": "そめ", "mn": "dyeing; printing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "染色", "rd": "せんしょく", "mn": "dyeing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "染色体", "rd": "せんしょくたい", "mn": "chromosome", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "困", "g": 6, "o": 924, "f": 843, "j": null, "on": "コン", "kun": "こま.る", "m": "quandary; become distressed; annoyed", "pm": "quandary", "r": [{"c": "囗", "nj": "くにがまえ", "ne": "border"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "pent in; tree; wood", "hk": "quandary", "hs": "Pent in . . . trees.", "ks": "Trees need space to grow. If you pent in a tree , it will be in quite a quandary!", "v": [{"w": "困る", "rd": "こまる", "mn": "to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be in a fix; to be at a loss; to be stump", "fr": 371}, {"w": "困難", "rd": "こんなん", "mn": "difficulty; hardship; trouble; distress", "fr": 3361}, {"w": "困惑", "rd": "こんわく", "mn": "bewilderment; perplexity; embarrassment; discomfiture; bafflement", "fr": 4788}, {"w": "貧困", "rd": "ひんこん", "mn": "poverty; penury; need; destitution", "fr": 18867}, {"w": "困り果てる", "rd": "こまりはてる", "mn": "to be at a complete loss; to be without recourse; to be completely stymied; to h", "fr": 19394}, {"w": "困窮", "rd": "こんきゅう", "mn": "poverty; need; destitution", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 7, "rp": 40, "l": 8, "n": "困難 原因"}}, {"k": "傷", "g": 6, "o": 925, "f": 845, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "きず、いた.む、いた.める", "m": "wound; hurt; injure; impair; pain; injury; cut; gash; scar; weak point", "pm": "wound", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}], "hc": "person; reclining; lying down; piggy bank; sun; day; piglets", "hk": "wound", "hs": "Person . . . reclining . . . piggy bank.", "ks": "Mr. T gets wound ed by reclining on his piggy bank.", "v": [{"w": "傷", "rd": "きず", "mn": "wound; injury; cut; gash; bruise; scratch; scrape; scar", "fr": 1064}, {"w": "傷つける", "rd": "きずつける", "mn": "to wound; to injure", "fr": 1335}, {"w": "傷つく", "rd": "きずつく", "mn": "to be wounded; to get injured", "fr": 1605}, {"w": "傷口", "rd": "きずぐち", "mn": "(opening of a) wound; cut", "fr": 6071}, {"w": "無傷", "rd": "むきず", "mn": "unhurt; uninjured; unwounded; unscathed; unharmed", "fr": 7154}, {"w": "火傷", "rd": "やけど", "mn": "burn; scald", "fr": 8040}, {"w": "負傷", "rd": "ふしょう", "mn": "injury; wound", "fr": 8070}, {"w": "損傷", "rd": "そんしょう", "mn": "damage; injury", "fr": 8107}, {"w": "致命傷", "rd": "ちめいしょう", "mn": "fatal wound", "fr": 8972}, {"w": "重傷", "rd": "じゅうしょう", "mn": "serious wound; serious injury", "fr": 9228}, {"w": "傷む", "rd": "いたむ", "mn": "to hurt; to ache; to feel a pain", "fr": 11482}, {"w": "外傷", "rd": "がいしょう", "mn": "external injury; external wound; (physical) trauma", "fr": 13619}, {"w": "傷跡", "rd": "きずあと", "mn": "scar", "fr": 14606}, {"w": "傷付ける", "rd": "きずつける", "mn": "to wound; to injure", "fr": 19795}, {"w": "死傷者", "rd": "ししょうしゃ", "mn": "casualties; the killed and wounded", "fr": 22109}], "p": null}, {"k": "著", "g": 6, "o": 926, "f": 849, "j": null, "on": "チョ、チャク", "kun": "あらわ.す、いちじる.しい", "m": "renowned; publish; write; remarkable; phenomenal; put on; don; wear; arrival; finish (race); counter for suits of clothing; literary work", "pm": "renowned", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "者", "nj": "シャ", "ne": "someone"}], "hc": "flowers; someone; puppet; sooty; old man; sun; day", "hk": "renowned", "hs": "Flowers . . . puppet.", "ks": "The most renowned ninja can use even flowers to kill someone.", "v": [{"w": "著者", "rd": "ちょしゃ", "mn": "author (usu. of a particular book); writer", "fr": 8935}, {"w": "著しい", "rd": "いちじるしい", "mn": "striking; remarkable; considerable", "fr": 10628}, {"w": "顕著", "rd": "けんちょ", "mn": "remarkable; striking; obvious", "fr": 16887}, {"w": "著", "rd": "ちょ", "mn": "(written) work; book", "fr": 18320}, {"w": "著す", "rd": "あらわす", "mn": "to write; to publish", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "著名", "rd": "ちょめい", "mn": "famous; noted; eminent; prominent; distinguished; celebrated", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "著書", "rd": "ちょしょ", "mn": "(written) work; book; writings", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "共著", "rd": "きょうちょ", "mn": "joint authorship; co-authorship; collaboration; joint work", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "名著", "rd": "めいちょ", "mn": "famous book; masterpiece (literary work)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "編著", "rd": "へんちょ", "mn": "compilation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "著作", "rd": "ちょさく", "mn": "writing (a book); book; (literary) work; writings", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "著作権", "rd": "ちょさくけん", "mn": "copyright", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "近著", "rd": "きんちょ", "mn": "recent work", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "誌", "g": 6, "o": 927, "f": 851, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "", "m": "document; records", "pm": "document", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "志", "nj": "シ", "ne": "intention"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; intention; samurai; heart", "hk": "document", "hs": "Words . . . intention.", "ks": "This is quite simple: a <b>document</b> is a set of <i>words</i> describing your <i>intentions</i>.", "v": [{"w": "雑誌", "rd": "ざっし", "mn": "magazine; journal; periodical", "fr": 3049}, {"w": "誌", "rd": "し", "mn": "magazine; journal", "fr": 13269}, {"w": "週刊誌", "rd": "しゅうかんし", "mn": "weekly (publication); weekly magazine; weekly journal", "fr": 14476}, {"w": "日誌", "rd": "にっし", "mn": "journal; log", "fr": 21678}, {"w": "地誌", "rd": "ちし", "mn": "topography; geographical description", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "学会誌", "rd": "がっかいし", "mn": "academic journal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "書誌学", "rd": "しょしがく", "mn": "bibliography (study of books); bibliology", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "誌上", "rd": "しじょう", "mn": "in a magazine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "誌面", "rd": "しめん", "mn": "page of a magazine", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "秘", "g": 6, "o": 928, "f": 862, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "ひ.める、ひそ.か、かく.す", "m": "secret; conceal", "pm": "secret", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "必", "nj": "ヒツ", "ne": "invariably"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; invariably; heart; drop", "hk": "secret", "hs": "Cereal . . . invariably.", "ks": "The prize at the bottom of a <i>cereal</i> box is <i>invariably</i> a <b>secret</b> decoder ring.", "v": [{"w": "秘密", "rd": "ひみつ", "mn": "secret; secrecy; confidentiality; privacy", "fr": 939}, {"w": "秘める", "rd": "ひめる", "mn": "to hide; to keep to oneself", "fr": 4299}, {"w": "秘書", "rd": "ひしょ", "mn": "(private) secretary", "fr": 7639}, {"w": "神秘", "rd": "しんぴ", "mn": "mystery; mysteriousness; secret", "fr": 10557}, {"w": "極秘", "rd": "ごくひ", "mn": "absolute secrecy", "fr": 11001}, {"w": "神秘的", "rd": "しんぴてき", "mn": "mysterious; mystical", "fr": 11975}, {"w": "秘訣", "rd": "ひけつ", "mn": "secret (method, trick, etc.); key (e.g. to success); mysteries (of an art, trade", "fr": 14348}, {"w": "便秘", "rd": "べんぴ", "mn": "constipation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "秘話", "rd": "ひわ", "mn": "secret story; unknown episode", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "刻", "g": 6, "o": 929, "f": 866, "j": null, "on": "コク", "kun": "きざ.む、きざ.み", "m": "engrave; cut fine; chop; hash; mince; time; carving", "pm": "engrave", "r": [{"c": "亥", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "sign of the hog"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "sign of the hog; acorn; top hat; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "engrave", "hs": "Acorn . . . saber.", "ks": "This famous ninja (I always use ninjas with <i>sabres</i> , distinct from samurai) used to <b>engrave</b> the kanji for his name onto <i>acorns</i> , and throw the <i>acorns</i> to distract his enemies. The legend goes that by the time his victims would pick up the <i>acorn</i> and read the <b>engrave</b> d kanji, they were already dead.", "v": [{"w": "遅刻", "rd": "ちこく", "mn": "lateness; tardiness; arriving late", "fr": 2485}, {"w": "刻む", "rd": "きざむ", "mn": "to mince; to cut fine; to chop up; to hash; to shred", "fr": 2939}, {"w": "深刻", "rd": "しんこく", "mn": "serious; severe; grave; acute", "fr": 3425}, {"w": "時刻", "rd": "じこく", "mn": "time; (the) hour", "fr": 4014}, {"w": "小刻み", "rd": "こきざみ", "mn": "mincing; chopping finely", "fr": 7442}, {"w": "即刻", "rd": "そっこく", "mn": "immediately; at once; instantly", "fr": 11006}, {"w": "彫刻", "rd": "ちょうこく", "mn": "carving; engraving; sculpture", "fr": 13868}, {"w": "一刻", "rd": "いっこく", "mn": "a moment; a minute; an instant", "fr": 14383}, {"w": "刻", "rd": "こく", "mn": "period of time (usu. a period of approx. two hours corresponding to one of the s", "fr": 16476}, {"w": "夕刻", "rd": "ゆうこく", "mn": "evening; evening hour", "fr": 19281}, {"w": "刻一刻と", "rd": "こくいっこくと", "mn": "moment by moment; hour by hour", "fr": 21462}, {"w": "刻々", "rd": "こっこく", "mn": "moment by moment; hour by hour", "fr": 24270}, {"w": "時刻表", "rd": "じこくひょう", "mn": "timetable; schedule", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "刻み", "rd": "きざみ", "mn": "mincing; cutting; chopping; notch; nick", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "刻一刻", "rd": "こくいっこく", "mn": "moment by moment; hour by hour", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 71, "rp": 39, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "宇", "g": 6, "o": 930, "f": 883, "j": null, "on": "ウ", "kun": "", "m": "eaves; roof; house; heaven", "pm": "eaves", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "于", "nj": "ウ", "ne": "going"}], "hc": "house; potato", "hk": "eaves", "hs": "House . . . potato.", "ks": "Under the <b>eaves</b> of the house the poor family has potate plants.", "v": [{"w": "宇宙", "rd": "うちゅう", "mn": "universe; cosmos; space", "fr": 3344}, {"w": "大宇宙", "rd": "だいうちゅう", "mn": "macrocosmos; macrocosm; the universe; the cosmos", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宇宙空間", "rd": "うちゅうくうかん", "mn": "(outer) space", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宇宙開発", "rd": "うちゅうかいはつ", "mn": "space development; space exploration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宇宙開発事業団", "rd": "うちゅうかいはつじぎょうだん", "mn": "National Space Development Agency; NASDA", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宇宙飛行士", "rd": "うちゅうひこうし", "mn": "astronaut", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "欲", "g": 6, "o": 931, "f": 902, "j": null, "on": "ヨク", "kun": "ほっ.する、ほ.しい", "m": "longing; covetousness; greed; passion; desire; craving", "pm": "longing", "r": [{"c": "谷", "nj": "たに", "ne": "valley"}, {"c": "欠", "nj": "あくび", "ne": "to lack"}], "hc": "valley; eight; umbrella; mouth; lack; yawn", "hk": "longing", "hs": "<i>Valley</i> . . . <i>yawn</i>. Be sure to keep the key word distinct from <i>pining</i> (Frame 683).", "ks": "The valley has something my life is lacking…. something I've been longing for.. peace and quiet.", "v": [{"w": "欲しい", "rd": "ほしい", "mn": "wanting (to have); desiring; wishing for", "fr": 351}, {"w": "欲望", "rd": "よくぼう", "mn": "desire; appetite; lust", "fr": 3591}, {"w": "食欲", "rd": "しょくよく", "mn": "appetite (for food)", "fr": 3994}, {"w": "欲", "rd": "よく", "mn": "greed; craving; desire; appetite; hunger; avarice; wants", "fr": 4056}, {"w": "欲する", "rd": "ほっする", "mn": "to want; to desire", "fr": 5690}, {"w": "欲求", "rd": "よっきゅう", "mn": "desire; want; will; wish; urge; craving", "fr": 6421}, {"w": "欲しがる", "rd": "ほしがる", "mn": "to appear to want to have (something); to obviously want; to seem to want; to in", "fr": 8057}, {"w": "性欲", "rd": "せいよく", "mn": "sexual desire; sex drive; lust", "fr": 8726}, {"w": "貪欲", "rd": "どんよく", "mn": "greedy; avaricious; covetous", "fr": 11353}, {"w": "欲張り", "rd": "よくばり", "mn": "greed; avarice; covetousness; greedy person", "fr": 11497}, {"w": "意欲", "rd": "いよく", "mn": "will; desire; eagerness; interest; drive; motivation; urge; ambition", "fr": 13428}, {"w": "欲張る", "rd": "よくばる", "mn": "to be greedy; to be avaricious; to want badly; to desire intensely; to covet", "fr": 21721}, {"w": "無欲", "rd": "むよく", "mn": "unselfish; disinterested; unavaricious; free of avarice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禁欲的", "rd": "きんよくてき", "mn": "abstemious; austere", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 175, "rp": 18, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "痛", "g": 6, "o": 932, "f": 903, "j": null, "on": "ツウ", "kun": "いた.い、いた.む、いた.ましい、いた.める", "m": "pain; hurt; damage; bruise", "pm": "pain", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "甬", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "road with walls on both sides"}], "hc": "sickness; hospital; pogo stick; chop-seal; hanko; utilise; utilize", "hk": "pain", "hs": "Sickness . . . chop-seal . . . utilize.", "ks": "The CAVEMAN felt such a <b>pain</b> after his POGO STICK got stuck in his butt.", "v": [{"w": "痛い", "rd": "いたい", "mn": "painful; sore", "fr": 359}, {"w": "痛み", "rd": "いたみ", "mn": "pain; ache; soreness; grief; distress", "fr": 1571}, {"w": "痛む", "rd": "いたむ", "mn": "to hurt; to ache; to feel a pain", "fr": 2871}, {"w": "苦痛", "rd": "くつう", "mn": "pain; agony; suffering; distress; torment", "fr": 4070}, {"w": "頭痛", "rd": "ずつう", "mn": "headache", "fr": 6386}, {"w": "痛める", "rd": "いためる", "mn": "to hurt; to injure; to cause pain", "fr": 7587}, {"w": "悲痛", "rd": "ひつう", "mn": "grief; sorrow; extreme sadness; heartbreak", "fr": 9780}, {"w": "痛感", "rd": "つうかん", "mn": "feeling keenly; fully realizing", "fr": 9827}, {"w": "腹痛", "rd": "ふくつう", "mn": "stomach ache; abdominal pain", "fr": 16075}, {"w": "痛手", "rd": "いたで", "mn": "serious wound", "fr": 16306}, {"w": "痛ましい", "rd": "いたましい", "mn": "pitiful; heartbreaking; heartrending; touching; tragic; sad; hurtful", "fr": 18024}, {"w": "手痛い", "rd": "ていたい", "mn": "severe; hard", "fr": 24483}, {"w": "痛恨", "rd": "つうこん", "mn": "deep regret; great sorrow; bitter grief", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "痛烈", "rd": "つうれつ", "mn": "severe; bitter; scathing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "腰痛", "rd": "ようつう", "mn": "lower back pain; lumbago", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 53, "rp": 32, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "縮", "g": 6, "o": 933, "f": 909, "j": null, "on": "シュク", "kun": "ちぢ.む、ちぢ.まる、ちぢ.める、ちぢ.れる、ちぢ.らす", "m": "shrink; contract; shrivel; wrinkle; reduce", "pm": "shrink", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "宿", "nj": "シュク", "ne": "inn"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; inn; house; person; hundred; one; ceiling; white; dove", "hk": "shrink", "hs": "Thread . . . inn.", "ks": "Don't let the Inn wash your thread s, they will shrink them!", "v": [{"w": "恐縮", "rd": "きょうしゅく", "mn": "feeling (much) obliged; being (very) grateful; being thankful", "fr": 5501}, {"w": "縮める", "rd": "ちぢめる", "mn": "to shorten; to reduce; to condense; to shrink", "fr": 6697}, {"w": "縮まる", "rd": "ちぢまる", "mn": "to shorten; to narrow; to close; to shrink", "fr": 8032}, {"w": "縮む", "rd": "ちぢむ", "mn": "to shrink; to contract; to diminish (in size)", "fr": 8637}, {"w": "収縮", "rd": "しゅうしゅく", "mn": "contraction; shrinking; shrinkage; constriction; deflation", "fr": 10821}, {"w": "萎縮", "rd": "いしゅく", "mn": "withering; shrivelling; shrinking", "fr": 13569}, {"w": "凝縮", "rd": "ぎょうしゅく", "mn": "condensation (of ideas, emotions, etc.); concentration", "fr": 14584}, {"w": "圧縮", "rd": "あっしゅく", "mn": "compression", "fr": 14890}, {"w": "短縮", "rd": "たんしゅく", "mn": "shortening; contraction; reduction; curtailment; abbreviation", "fr": 15122}, {"w": "縮小", "rd": "しゅくしょう", "mn": "reduction; curtailment; cut; cutback; scaling down; contraction; shrinkage", "fr": 17226}, {"w": "縮れる", "rd": "ちぢれる", "mn": "to be wavy; to be curled; to be frizzled", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "伸縮", "rd": "しんしゅく", "mn": "expansion and contraction; elasticity; flexibility", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "濃縮", "rd": "のうしゅく", "mn": "concentration (e.g. of a solution); enrichment; condensation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "緊縮", "rd": "きんしゅく", "mn": "tightening; shrinkage; contraction; constriction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "縮み", "rd": "ちぢみ", "mn": "shrinkage", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "枚", "g": 6, "o": 934, "f": 911, "j": null, "on": "マイ、バイ", "kun": "", "m": "sheet of...; counter for flat thin objects or sheets", "pm": "sheet of...", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "sheet of…; tree; wood; taskmaster", "hk": "a sheet of", "hs": "English counts thin, flat objects, like bed linen and paper, in <b>sheets</b>. The kanji does this with a <i>taskmaster</i> whipping a <i>tree</i> into producing <b>sheets</b> against its will.", "ks": "The mean taskmaster declared, \"You sheet on my tree, I keel you.\".", "v": [{"w": "枚", "rd": "まい", "mn": "counter for thin, flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper, plates, coins)", "fr": 1388}, {"w": "三枚", "rd": "さんまい", "mn": "three flat objects (sheets of paper, pieces of cloth, etc.)", "fr": 17016}, {"w": "枚数", "rd": "まいすう", "mn": "the number of flat things", "fr": 17926}, {"w": "一枚", "rd": "いちまい", "mn": "one (thin, flat object); one sheet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "一枚岩", "rd": "いちまいいわ", "mn": "monolith; large slab of rock", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "二枚", "rd": "にまい", "mn": "two sheets (of paper or other flat objects)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "二枚目", "rd": "にまいめ", "mn": "handsome man", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "二枚舌", "rd": "にまいじた", "mn": "double-dealing; duplicity; equivocation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "枚挙", "rd": "まいきょ", "mn": "enumeration", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "郵", "g": 6, "o": 935, "f": 917, "j": null, "on": "ユウ", "kun": "", "m": "mail; stagecoach stop", "pm": "mail", "r": [{"c": "垂", "nj": "スイ", "ne": "droop"}, {"c": "邑", "nj": "おおざと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "droop; silage; city walls", "hk": "mail", "hs": "Droop . . . city walls.", "ks": "The <i>drooping</i> <i>citywalls</i> was generating a lot of angry <b>mail</b> for the city officials.", "v": [{"w": "郵便", "rd": "ゆうびん", "mn": "mail service; postal service; mail; post", "fr": 14767}, {"w": "郵便局", "rd": "ゆうびんきょく", "mn": "post office", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "郵送", "rd": "ゆうそう", "mn": "mailing; posting", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "郵政", "rd": "ゆうせい", "mn": "postal system", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "郵政省", "rd": "ゆうせいしょう", "mn": "(former) Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (now Ministry of Internal Affa", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "郵貯", "rd": "ゆうちょ", "mn": "postal (post-office) savings (deposit)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 3, "rp": 27, "l": 5, "n": ""}}, {"k": "探", "g": 6, "o": 936, "f": 930, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "さぐ.る、さが.す", "m": "grope; search; look for", "pm": "grope", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "㓁", "nj": "あみがしら", "ne": "net"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; paper punch; Miss World; hole; house; human legs; tree; wood", "hk": "grope", "hs": "Fingers . . . paper punch . . . tree.", "ks": "A pictograph of a japanese schoolgirl getting <b>grope</b> d by perverts on the train. The <i>fingers</i> of course, a <i>crown</i> (her too short skirt) and her <i>legs</i> below (which to be honest are pretty thick like <i>tree</i> trunks).", "v": [{"w": "探す", "rd": "さがす", "mn": "to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to seek", "fr": 397}, {"w": "探る", "rd": "さぐる", "mn": "to feel around for; to fumble for; to grope for; to search for; to look for", "fr": 1904}, {"w": "探偵", "rd": "たんてい", "mn": "detective; investigator; sleuth", "fr": 6266}, {"w": "探索", "rd": "たんさく", "mn": "search; lookup; hunt; (item of) research; exploration; investigation", "fr": 6409}, {"w": "探検", "rd": "たんけん", "mn": "exploration; expedition", "fr": 12473}, {"w": "手探り", "rd": "てさぐり", "mn": "fumbling; groping", "fr": 12523}, {"w": "探し回る", "rd": "さがしまわる", "mn": "to search about for; to hunt around for; to look high and low for; to look every", "fr": 13326}, {"w": "探知", "rd": "たんち", "mn": "detection", "fr": 15567}, {"w": "探し物", "rd": "さがしもの", "mn": "looking for something; searching for something", "fr": 16282}, {"w": "探求", "rd": "たんきゅう", "mn": "search; quest; pursuit", "fr": 24599}, {"w": "探査", "rd": "たんさ", "mn": "probe; inquiry; enquiry; investigation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "探検隊", "rd": "たんけんたい", "mn": "exploration party; expedition team", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "探究", "rd": "たんきゅう", "mn": "research; investigation; enquiry; inquiry; study", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "探訪", "rd": "たんぼう", "mn": "searching; hunting for news story; journalist", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 86, "rp": 31, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "骨", "g": 6, "o": 937, "f": 936, "j": null, "on": "コツ", "kun": "ほね", "m": "skeleton; bone; remains; frame", "pm": "skeleton", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "joint; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "skeleton", "hs": "This kanji and primitive refers to the <i>part of the body</i> composed of the bones and their joints. The top part of the kanji, terminating in the element for <i>crown</i> , is a pictograph of a bone joint. I leave it to you to put the pieces together, so to speak.", "ks": "Your body <i>meat</i> is attached to the <i>bone joints</i> of your <b>skeleton</b>.", "v": [{"w": "骨", "rd": "ほね", "mn": "bone", "fr": 2401}, {"w": "露骨", "rd": "ろこつ", "mn": "open; unconcealed; undisguised; blatant; plain; frank", "fr": 6038}, {"w": "骨折", "rd": "こっせつ", "mn": "bone fracture", "fr": 8795}, {"w": "背骨", "rd": "せぼね", "mn": "spine; backbone; spinal column", "fr": 15522}, {"w": "骨格", "rd": "こっかく", "mn": "skeleton; skeletal structure; build; frame; physique", "fr": 15921}, {"w": "骨抜き", "rd": "ほねぬき", "mn": "boning (fish or meat); deboning", "fr": 21960}, {"w": "人骨", "rd": "じんこつ", "mn": "human bones", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拳骨", "rd": "げんこつ", "mn": "(clenched) fist; knuckles", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "散骨", "rd": "さんこつ", "mn": "scattering of ashes (cremated remains)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "白骨", "rd": "はっこつ", "mn": "white (bleached) bone; skeleton", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "軟骨", "rd": "なんこつ", "mn": "cartilage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遺骨", "rd": "いこつ", "mn": "cremated remains (esp. the bones); ashes", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鉄骨", "rd": "てっこつ", "mn": "steel frame; steel beam; steel girder", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "頭骨", "rd": "とうこつ", "mn": "skull", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "骨子", "rd": "こっし", "mn": "main point; gist; essentials; bones (e.g. of an idea); pith", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 102, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "射", "g": 6, "o": 938, "f": 937, "j": null, "on": "シャ", "kun": "い.る、さ.す、う.つ", "m": "shoot; shine into; onto; archery", "pm": "shoot", "r": [{"c": "身", "nj": "み", "ne": "body"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "somebody; nose; glue", "hk": "shoot", "hs": "\"I <b>shot</b> an arrow into the air, And it landed I know not where \" goes the poem. (The poor poet obviously loses a lot of arrows.) This kanji, however, tells us where it did land. Its elements: <i>somebody</i> . . . <i>glued to</i>.", "ks": "You <b>SHOOT</b> SOMEBODY with a GLUE-gun.", "v": [{"w": "発射", "rd": "はっしゃ", "mn": "firing (esp. a rocket or missile); launching; shooting; discharge; catapult", "fr": 5260}, {"w": "反射", "rd": "はんしゃ", "mn": "reflection; reverberation", "fr": 5429}, {"w": "反射的", "rd": "はんしゃてき", "mn": "reflexive; reflecting", "fr": 8016}, {"w": "射精", "rd": "しゃせい", "mn": "ejaculation", "fr": 10502}, {"w": "射撃", "rd": "しゃげき", "mn": "firing; shooting; fire; gunshot; marksmanship", "fr": 10927}, {"w": "注射", "rd": "ちゅうしゃ", "mn": "injection; jab; shot", "fr": 11718}, {"w": "射程", "rd": "しゃてい", "mn": "range (of a rifle, missile, etc.)", "fr": 12526}, {"w": "射殺", "rd": "しゃさつ", "mn": "shooting to death", "fr": 14715}, {"w": "射る", "rd": "いる", "mn": "to shoot (arrow, bolt, dart)", "fr": 15473}, {"w": "噴射", "rd": "ふんしゃ", "mn": "jet; spray; emission; spouting", "fr": 17718}, {"w": "放射", "rd": "ほうしゃ", "mn": "radiation; emission", "fr": 19915}, {"w": "射す", "rd": "さす", "mn": "to shine", "fr": 22196}, {"w": "射止める", "rd": "いとめる", "mn": "to shoot dead; to bring down (an animal)", "fr": 22440}, {"w": "放射能", "rd": "ほうしゃのう", "mn": "radioactivity", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "投射", "rd": "とうしゃ", "mn": "projection (of an image)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "届", "g": 6, "o": 939, "f": 939, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "とど.ける、-とど.け、とど.く", "m": "deliver; reach; arrive; report; notify; forward", "pm": "deliver", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "由", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "wherefore"}], "hc": "flag; sprout; shoot", "hk": "deliver", "hs": "Flag . . . sprout.", "ks": "In the US, when the mail is <b>deliver</b> ed, a <i>flag</i> <i>sprouts</i> up on your mailbox. (We don't have that in Australia.).", "v": [{"w": "届く", "rd": "とどく", "mn": "to reach; to touch; to get to; to carry (of sound)", "fr": 634}, {"w": "届ける", "rd": "とどける", "mn": "to deliver; to forward; to send", "fr": 1392}, {"w": "見届ける", "rd": "みとどける", "mn": "to make sure of; to ascertain; to see with one's own eyes; to watch to the end; ", "fr": 3614}, {"w": "行き届く", "rd": "いきとどく", "mn": "to be scrupulous; to be attentive; to be prudent; to be complete; to be thorough", "fr": 10260}, {"w": "届", "rd": "とどけ", "mn": "report; notification; registration", "fr": 11475}, {"w": "届け", "rd": "とどけ", "mn": "report; notification; registration", "fr": 17058}, {"w": "変更届", "rd": "へんこうとどけ", "mn": "notification of change; alteration report; registration of modification", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "届け出", "rd": "とどけで", "mn": "report; notification", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "無届け", "rd": "むとどけ", "mn": "without notice; without leave (e.g. absence)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 54, "rp": 51, "l": 9, "n": ""}}, {"k": "巻", "g": 6, "o": 940, "f": 944, "j": null, "on": "カン、ケン", "kun": "ま.く、まき、ま.き", "m": "scroll; volume; book; part; roll up; wind up; tie; coil; counter for texts (or book scrolls)", "pm": "scroll", "r": [{"c": "己", "nj": "おのれ", "ne": "self"}], "hc": "quarter; snake; self", "hk": "scroll", "hs": "<i>Quarter</i> . . . <i>snake</i>. The key word refers to a manuscript rolled up into a <b>scroll</b> , not to a <i>hanging scroll</i> (Frame 435).", "ks": "This scroll isn't long enough to show more than a quarter of a snake.", "v": [{"w": "巻き込む", "rd": "まきこむ", "mn": "to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up", "fr": 1146}, {"w": "巻く", "rd": "まく", "mn": "to wind; to coil; to roll; to wear (e.g. turban, scarf)", "fr": 2593}, {"w": "巻", "rd": "まき", "mn": "roll (e.g. of cloth)", "fr": 5720}, {"w": "取り巻く", "rd": "とりまく", "mn": "to surround; to encircle; to enclose", "fr": 9748}, {"w": "巻き添え", "rd": "まきぞえ", "mn": "getting mixed up in; getting embroiled in; involvement; entanglement; by-blow", "fr": 11900}, {"w": "竜巻", "rd": "たつまき", "mn": "tornado; whirlwind; waterspout; twister", "fr": 16252}, {"w": "圧巻", "rd": "あっかん", "mn": "highlight; best part", "fr": 22298}, {"w": "寝巻", "rd": "ねまき", "mn": "nightclothes; nightwear; sleepwear; pyjamas; pajamas; nightgown; nightdress", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "寝巻き", "rd": "ねまき", "mn": "nightclothes; nightwear; sleepwear; pyjamas; pajamas; nightgown; nightdress", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巻き返し", "rd": "まきかえし", "mn": "rally; recovery; comeback; rollback", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巻尺", "rd": "まきじゃく", "mn": "tape measure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巻末", "rd": "かんまつ", "mn": "end of a book", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "席巻", "rd": "せっけん", "mn": "sweeping (over, across); conquering; overwhelming", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "渦巻き", "rd": "うずまき", "mn": "whirlpool; maelstrom; vortex; eddy; swirl", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "絵巻", "rd": "えまき", "mn": "picture scroll", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "揮", "g": 6, "o": 941, "f": 946, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "ふる.う", "m": "brandish; wave; wag; swing; shake", "pm": "brandish", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "軍", "nj": "グン", "ne": "army"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; army; chariot; crown; car; vehicle", "hk": "brandish", "hs": "Finger . . . chariot.", "ks": "A military leader in his chariot is <b>brandish</b> ing his finger at the enemy, crying \"chaaaaaaaaarrrgggeeee!\".", "v": [{"w": "発揮", "rd": "はっき", "mn": "show (of power, ability, etc.); exhibition; demonstration; display; manifestatio", "fr": 3145}, {"w": "指揮", "rd": "しき", "mn": "command; direction; supervision", "fr": 6407}, {"w": "指揮者", "rd": "しきしゃ", "mn": "(musical) conductor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "揮発", "rd": "きはつ", "mn": "volatilization; volatilisation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "閉", "g": 6, "o": 942, "f": 951, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ", "kun": "と.じる、と.ざす、し.める、し.まる、た.てる", "m": "closed; shut", "pm": "closed", "r": [{"c": "門", "nj": "もんがまえ", "ne": "gate"}, {"c": "才", "nj": "サイ", "ne": "genius"}], "hc": "gates; genie", "hk": "closed", "hs": "Gates . . . genie.", "ks": "The <i>gates</i> are too big to be <b>closed</b> by man. Only a <i>genie</i> can. \"Close sesame!\".", "v": [{"w": "閉める", "rd": "しめる", "mn": "to close; to shut", "fr": 1875}, {"w": "閉じる", "rd": "とじる", "mn": "to close (e.g. book, eyes, meeting, etc.); to shut", "fr": 2081}, {"w": "閉まる", "rd": "しまる", "mn": "to be shut; to close; to be closed", "fr": 2564}, {"w": "閉じ込める", "rd": "とじこめる", "mn": "to lock up; to shut up; to imprison", "fr": 2780}, {"w": "閉ざす", "rd": "とざす", "mn": "to shut; to close; to fasten; to lock", "fr": 4953}, {"w": "開閉", "rd": "かいへい", "mn": "opening and shutting; opening and closing", "fr": 6745}, {"w": "閉鎖", "rd": "へいさ", "mn": "closing; closure", "fr": 7942}, {"w": "閉じこもる", "rd": "とじこもる", "mn": "to seclude oneself; to shut oneself away", "fr": 8748}, {"w": "閉店", "rd": "へいてん", "mn": "closing up shop (for the day)", "fr": 9969}, {"w": "幽閉", "rd": "ゆうへい", "mn": "confinement; imprisonment; incarceration", "fr": 19122}, {"w": "閉会", "rd": "へいかい", "mn": "closure (of a ceremony, event, meeting, etc.)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "閉口", "rd": "へいこう", "mn": "to be stumped; to be at a loss; to be at one's wits' end; to be nonplussed", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "自閉症", "rd": "じへいしょう", "mn": "autism", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "閉塞", "rd": "へいそく", "mn": "blockage; blockade; blocking up; stoppage; obstruction; occlusion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "閉幕", "rd": "へいまく", "mn": "falling of the curtain", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 327, "rp": 11, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "賃", "g": 6, "o": 943, "f": 961, "j": null, "on": "チン", "kun": "", "m": "fare; fee; hire; rent; wages; charge", "pm": "fare", "r": [{"c": "任", "nj": "ニン", "ne": "responsibility"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "responsibility; person; porter; drop; samurai; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "fare", "hs": "Responsibility . . . shells/money.", "ks": "It's your own <i>responsibility</i> to pay the bus <b>fare</b> with the correct number of <i>shells/money</i>.", "v": [{"w": "家賃", "rd": "やちん", "mn": "rent", "fr": 7226}, {"w": "賃金", "rd": "ちんぎん", "mn": "wages; pay", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "運賃", "rd": "うんちん", "mn": "(passenger) fare", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "賃上げ", "rd": "ちんあげ", "mn": "wage increase; pay rise", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賃借", "rd": "ちんしゃく", "mn": "renting; rental; hiring; leasing (from)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賃貸", "rd": "ちんたい", "mn": "leasing (out); renting out; hiring out; letting", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "貴", "g": 6, "o": 944, "f": 970, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "たっと.い、とうと.い、たっと.ぶ、とうと.ぶ", "m": "precious; value; prize; esteem; honor", "pm": "precious", "r": [{"c": "中", "nj": "チュウ", "ne": "in"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "Takanohana; purse; in; one; floor; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "precious", "hs": "Purse . . . shells.", "ks": "You put your precious shells (money) into your purse for safekeeping.", "v": [{"w": "貴重", "rd": "きちょう", "mn": "precious; valuable", "fr": 2296}, {"w": "兄貴", "rd": "あにき", "mn": "elder brother", "fr": 2779}, {"w": "貴方", "rd": "あなた", "mn": "you", "fr": 5361}, {"w": "貴族", "rd": "きぞく", "mn": "nobility; aristocracy; peerage", "fr": 6086}, {"w": "貴重品", "rd": "きちょうひん", "mn": "valuable article; valuables", "fr": 21361}, {"w": "貴い", "rd": "たっとい", "mn": "precious; valuable; priceless", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "富貴", "rd": "ふうき", "mn": "riches and honours (honors); wealth and rank", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貴社", "rd": "きしゃ", "mn": "your company", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貴賓", "rd": "きひん", "mn": "noble visitor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貴金属", "rd": "ききんぞく", "mn": "precious metal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "騰貴", "rd": "とうき", "mn": "rise (in price or value); appreciation; advance", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "暮", "g": 6, "o": 945, "f": 978, "j": null, "on": "ボ", "kun": "く.れる、く.らす", "m": "evening; twilight; season's end; livelihood; make a living; spend time", "pm": "evening", "r": [{"c": "莫", "nj": "バク", "ne": "must not"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "graveyard; flowers; sun; day; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "livelihood", "hs": "Imagine that you have chosen the occupation of the keeper of a <i>graveyard</i> and spend your <i>days</i> tending to other's dead hood in order to make your means of <b>livelihood</b>.", "ks": "He made a <b>livelihood</b> out of robbing GRAVEYARDS in broad DAYlight.", "v": [{"w": "暮らす", "rd": "くらす", "mn": "to live (on, by, etc.); to lead a life; to get along; to get by", "fr": 771}, {"w": "暮らし", "rd": "くらし", "mn": "(way of) life; lifestyle; living; life circumstances; livelihood; day-to-day lif", "fr": 2821}, {"w": "一人暮らし", "rd": "ひとりぐらし", "mn": "living by oneself; living alone", "fr": 7559}, {"w": "暮れる", "rd": "くれる", "mn": "to get dark; to grow dark", "fr": 8929}, {"w": "夕暮れ", "rd": "ゆうぐれ", "mn": "evening; dusk; twilight", "fr": 9234}, {"w": "野暮", "rd": "やぼ", "mn": "boorish; unsophisticated; unrefined; uncouth; tasteless; insensitive; thoughtles", "fr": 10137}, {"w": "暮れ", "rd": "くれ", "mn": "sunset; sundown; nightfall; dusk", "fr": 20024}, {"w": "お歳暮", "rd": "おせいぼ", "mn": "year-end gift", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "日暮れ", "rd": "ひぐれ", "mn": "twilight; sunset; dusk; evening", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "明け暮れ", "rd": "あけくれ", "mn": "morning and evening; daily routine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歳暮", "rd": "せいぼ", "mn": "year-end gift", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 98, "rp": 45, "l": 8, "n": "暮らし 暑い"}}, {"k": "預", "g": 6, "o": 946, "f": 981, "j": null, "on": "ヨ", "kun": "あず.ける、あず.かる", "m": "deposit; custody; leave with; entrust to", "pm": "deposit", "r": [{"c": "予", "nj": "ヨ", "ne": "beforehand"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "beforehand; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "deposit", "hs": "Beforehand . . . head.", "ks": "You bang your head on the ATM, wishing you'd deposit ed some money beforehand.", "v": [{"w": "預かる", "rd": "あずかる", "mn": "to look after; to take care of; to keep; to hold on to; to keep in custody", "fr": 1378}, {"w": "預ける", "rd": "あずける", "mn": "to leave (in someone's keeping); to put (in someone's care); to place (in someon", "fr": 1732}, {"w": "預金", "rd": "よきん", "mn": "deposit; bank account", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "定期預金", "rd": "ていきよきん", "mn": "term deposit; (fixed) time deposit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "普通預金", "rd": "ふつうよきん", "mn": "ordinary deposit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "預かり", "rd": "あずかり", "mn": "under custody; under supervision", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "預かり所", "rd": "あずかりじょ", "mn": "cloakroom; parcel room", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "預け入れる", "rd": "あずけいれる", "mn": "to make a deposit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "預託", "rd": "よたく", "mn": "depositing (of money, valuables, etc.); deposition", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "預貯金", "rd": "よちょきん", "mn": "deposits and savings; bank account", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 19, "rp": 59, "l": 11, "n": "預金 頂上"}}, {"k": "簡", "g": 6, "o": 947, "f": 983, "j": null, "on": "カン、ケン", "kun": "えら.ぶ、ふだ", "m": "simplicity; brevity", "pm": "simplicity", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "間", "nj": "カン", "ne": "interval"}], "hc": "bamboo; interval; gates; sun; day", "hk": "simplicity", "hs": "Bamboo . . . interval.", "ks": "The <b>simplicity</b> of <i>bamboo</i> plant is in all its joints being at equal <i>intervals</i>.", "v": [{"w": "簡単", "rd": "かんたん", "mn": "simple; easy; uncomplicated", "fr": 413}, {"w": "簡潔", "rd": "かんけつ", "mn": "concise; brief; succinct; compact (style)", "fr": 9896}, {"w": "簡易", "rd": "かんい", "mn": "simple; simplified", "fr": 14063}, {"w": "簡素", "rd": "かんそ", "mn": "simple; plain; modest", "fr": 14243}, {"w": "書簡", "rd": "しょかん", "mn": "letter; note; epistle; correspondence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "簡易保険", "rd": "かんいほけん", "mn": "postal life insurance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "簡略", "rd": "かんりゃく", "mn": "simple; brief", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "簡裁", "rd": "かんさい", "mn": "summary court; court of summary offences", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 73, "rp": 36, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "納", "g": 6, "o": 948, "f": 987, "j": null, "on": "ノウ、ナッ、ナ、ナン、トウ", "kun": "おさ.める、-おさ.める、おさ.まる", "m": "settlement; obtain; reap; pay; supply; store", "pm": "settlement", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "内", "nj": "ナイ", "ne": "inside"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; inside; person; belt", "hk": "settlement", "hs": "Thread . . . inside.", "ks": "Another twist on the same theme: malpractise settlement for leaving a plastic spiderman inside patient.", "v": [{"w": "納得", "rd": "なっとく", "mn": "consent; agreement; acceptance", "fr": 977}, {"w": "納める", "rd": "おさめる", "mn": "to put (into); to put away (in); to put back (in); to keep (in); to store (in); ", "fr": 6946}, {"w": "収納", "rd": "しゅうのう", "mn": "storage; putting away", "fr": 11128}, {"w": "納豆", "rd": "なっとう", "mn": "natto (fermented soybeans)", "fr": 15781}, {"w": "納まる", "rd": "おさまる", "mn": "to fit into (a box, frame, category, etc.); to be contained within; to fall with", "fr": 19046}, {"w": "納屋", "rd": "なや", "mn": "barn (for storage); shed; outbuilding", "fr": 21754}, {"w": "滞納", "rd": "たいのう", "mn": "falling behind (with a payment); being in arrears; non-payment; default; delinqu", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "納入", "rd": "のうにゅう", "mn": "payment (of taxes, fees, etc.)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "出納", "rd": "すいとう", "mn": "receipts and expenditure (disbursements)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "奉納", "rd": "ほうのう", "mn": "dedication; offering; presentation; oblation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "未納", "rd": "みのう", "mn": "payment default; overdue on a payment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "納付", "rd": "のうふ", "mn": "payment; supply", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "納税", "rd": "のうぜい", "mn": "payment of taxes", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "納金", "rd": "のうきん", "mn": "payment", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "樹", "g": 6, "o": 949, "f": 988, "j": null, "on": "ジュ", "kun": "き", "m": "timber; trees; wood; establish; set up", "pm": "timber", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "壴", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "tree; wood; drum; samurai; beans; table; one; mouth; glue", "hk": "timber-trees", "hs": "Trees . . . drum . . . glue.", "ks": "The hippies object to trees being cut down for timber. They have glued themselves to the <b>timber-trees</b> and are beating their drums.", "v": [{"w": "樹木", "rd": "じゅもく", "mn": "tree; trees and shrubs", "fr": 17068}, {"w": "樹立", "rd": "じゅりつ", "mn": "establishment; founding; setting (a record)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "広葉樹", "rd": "こうようじゅ", "mn": "broadleaf tree; broad-leaved tree", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "果樹", "rd": "かじゅ", "mn": "fruit tree", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "植樹", "rd": "しょくじゅ", "mn": "tree-planting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "樹皮", "rd": "じゅひ", "mn": "bark (of a tree, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "樹脂", "rd": "じゅし", "mn": "resin; rosin", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "樹齢", "rd": "じゅれい", "mn": "age of a tree", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "街路樹", "rd": "がいろじゅ", "mn": "roadside trees", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "臓", "g": 6, "o": 950, "f": 991, "j": null, "on": "ゾウ", "kun": "はらわた", "m": "entrails; viscera; bowels", "pm": "entrails", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "蔵", "nj": "ゾウ", "ne": "storehouse"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; storehouse; flowers; parade; retainer; slave", "hk": "entrails", "hs": "Part of the body . . . storehouse.", "ks": "Your body is like a storehouse for your entrails.", "v": [{"w": "心臓", "rd": "しんぞう", "mn": "heart", "fr": 1651}, {"w": "内臓", "rd": "ないぞう", "mn": "internal organs; viscera", "fr": 6602}, {"w": "臓器", "rd": "ぞうき", "mn": "internal organs; viscera", "fr": 15995}, {"w": "肝臓", "rd": "かんぞう", "mn": "liver", "fr": 18118}, {"w": "心臓病", "rd": "しんぞうびょう", "mn": "heart disease; heart trouble; cardiopathy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "腎臓", "rd": "じんぞう", "mn": "kidney", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "臓", "rd": "ぞう", "mn": "viscera; bowels", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "律", "g": 6, "o": 951, "f": 992, "j": null, "on": "リツ、リチ、レツ", "kun": "", "m": "rhythm; law; regulation; gauge; control", "pm": "rhythm", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "聿", "nj": "ふでづくり", "ne": "writing brush"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; brush", "hk": "rhythm", "hs": "This character depicts a calligrapher's <i>brush</i> and its <b>rhythmic</b> sway as it flows down <i>a column</i> writing kanji on the way.", "ks": "The calligrapher's <i>brush</i> is moving down a <i>column</i> of a script, in <b>rhythm</b> with his meditation.", "v": [{"w": "法律", "rd": "ほうりつ", "mn": "law; legislation; act", "fr": 4867}, {"w": "規律", "rd": "きりつ", "mn": "order; observance; discipline", "fr": 14200}, {"w": "旋律", "rd": "せんりつ", "mn": "melody; tune", "fr": 18565}, {"w": "一律", "rd": "いちりつ", "mn": "uniform; even; across-the-board; equal", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "不文律", "rd": "ふぶんりつ", "mn": "unwritten law; common law", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "戒律", "rd": "かいりつ", "mn": "(religious) precept; discipline; commandment; mitzvah", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "法律事務所", "rd": "ほうりつじむしょ", "mn": "law office; law firm", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自律", "rd": "じりつ", "mn": "autonomy; self-control; self-discipline", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自律神経", "rd": "じりつしんけい", "mn": "autonomic nerve", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "韻律", "rd": "いんりつ", "mn": "metre (of a poem); meter; rhythm", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "至", "g": 6, "o": 952, "f": 996, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "いた.る", "m": "climax; arrive; proceed; reach; attain; result in", "pm": "climax", "r": [{"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "wall; one; ceiling; elbow; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "climax", "hs": "<i>Wall</i> . . . <i>soil</i>. The key word allows for the full variety of connotations: to peak, to arrive at the end, and the like.", "ks": "Sexual <b>climax</b> es don't always happen on the bed, they sometimes happen against a wall or on the ground!", "v": [{"w": "至る", "rd": "いたる", "mn": "to arrive at (e.g. a decision); to reach (a stage); to attain", "fr": 2091}, {"w": "至急", "rd": "しきゅう", "mn": "urgent; pressing; immediate; prompt; express", "fr": 5967}, {"w": "乃至", "rd": "ないし", "mn": "from ... to; between ... and", "fr": 9011}, {"w": "至って", "rd": "いたって", "mn": "very much; exceedingly; extremely", "fr": 11948}, {"w": "至福", "rd": "しふく", "mn": "beatitude; supreme bliss", "fr": 13615}, {"w": "必至", "rd": "ひっし", "mn": "inevitable; necessary; foregone", "fr": 15386}, {"w": "至る所", "rd": "いたるところ", "mn": "everywhere; all over; throughout", "fr": 18861}, {"w": "至上", "rd": "しじょう", "mn": "supremacy", "fr": 20246}, {"w": "冬至", "rd": "とうじ", "mn": "winter solstice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "夏至", "rd": "げし", "mn": "summer solstice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "至難", "rd": "しなん", "mn": "most difficult; next to impossible", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "宗", "g": 6, "o": 953, "f": 997, "j": null, "on": "シュウ、ソウ", "kun": "むね", "m": "religion; sect; denomination; main point; origin; essence", "pm": "religion", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "示", "nj": "しめす", "ne": "altar"}], "hc": "house; altar; show; two; small", "hk": "religion", "hs": "House . . . altar.", "ks": "You can discover a japanese family religion by observing their house altar.", "v": [{"w": "宗教", "rd": "しゅうきょう", "mn": "religion; religious affiliation; belief; faith; creed", "fr": 8407}, {"w": "宗", "rd": "しゅう", "mn": "sect; denomination", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宗家", "rd": "そうけ", "mn": "head of family; head house", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宗派", "rd": "しゅうは", "mn": "sect; denomination", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宗祖", "rd": "しゅうそ", "mn": "sect founder", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宗門", "rd": "しゅうもん", "mn": "(religious) denomination; sect", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "改宗", "rd": "かいしゅう", "mn": "religious conversion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浄土真宗", "rd": "じょうどしんしゅう", "mn": "Jōdo Shinshū (offshoot of the Jōdo sect); True Pure Land School", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禅宗", "rd": "ぜんしゅう", "mn": "Zen (Buddhism)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "宙", "g": 6, "o": 954, "f": 1005, "j": null, "on": "チュウ", "kun": "", "m": "mid-air; air; space; sky; memorization; interval of time", "pm": "mid-air", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "由", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "wherefore"}], "hc": "house; sprout; shoot", "hk": "mid-air", "hs": "House . . . shoot.", "ks": "Jack's beanstalk sprouted up, pushed at the roof and lifted the house so that it hangs in <b>mid-air</b> suspended on the SPROUT.", "v": [{"w": "宇宙", "rd": "うちゅう", "mn": "universe; cosmos; space", "fr": 3344}, {"w": "宙", "rd": "ちゅう", "mn": "space; air; midair", "fr": 5148}, {"w": "宙返り", "rd": "ちゅうがえり", "mn": "somersault; looping-the-loop", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "大宇宙", "rd": "だいうちゅう", "mn": "macrocosmos; macrocosm; the universe; the cosmos", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宇宙空間", "rd": "うちゅうくうかん", "mn": "(outer) space", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宇宙開発", "rd": "うちゅうかいはつ", "mn": "space development; space exploration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宇宙開発事業団", "rd": "うちゅうかいはつじぎょうだん", "mn": "National Space Development Agency; NASDA", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宇宙飛行士", "rd": "うちゅうひこうし", "mn": "astronaut", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "銭", "g": 6, "o": 955, "f": 1008, "j": null, "on": "セン、ゼン", "kun": "ぜに、すき", "m": "coin; .01 yen; money", "pm": "coin", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "戋", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "metal; gold; float; fiesta", "hk": "coin", "hs": "Those special <i>gold</i> -colored tokens minted each year for the Mardi Gras and thrown into the crowds from people on the <i>floats</i> give us the kanji for <b>coins</b>.", "ks": "Gold coin s will not float.", "v": [{"w": "金銭", "rd": "きんせん", "mn": "money; cash", "fr": 10984}, {"w": "小銭", "rd": "こぜに", "mn": "small change; pocket change; coins", "fr": 11148}, {"w": "銭", "rd": "せん", "mn": "sen (hundredth of a yen)", "fr": 15482}, {"w": "銭湯", "rd": "せんとう", "mn": "public bath; bathhouse", "fr": 16931}, {"w": "釣り銭", "rd": "つりせん", "mn": "change (for a purchase)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "操", "g": 6, "o": 956, "f": 1016, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、サン", "kun": "みさお、あやつ.る", "m": "maneuver; manipulate; operate; steer; chastity; virginity; fidelity", "pm": "maneuver", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "喿", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "chirping of birds"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; wooden goods; furniture; goods; mouth; tree; wood", "hk": "maneuver", "hs": "Fingers . . . goods . . . tree.", "ks": "Luke skywalker points his fingers and uses the force to maneuver the goods through the tree branches and up over the tree.", "v": [{"w": "操る", "rd": "あやつる", "mn": "to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to manage; to control; to maneuver; to s", "fr": 2430}, {"w": "操作", "rd": "そうさ", "mn": "operation; management; handling", "fr": 2825}, {"w": "操縦", "rd": "そうじゅう", "mn": "steering; piloting; flying; control; operation; handling", "fr": 11159}, {"w": "体操", "rd": "たいそう", "mn": "gymnastics; physical exercises", "fr": 14256}, {"w": "節操", "rd": "せっそう", "mn": "integrity; fidelity; constancy; principle; faithfulness; honor; honour", "fr": 18902}, {"w": "操", "rd": "みさお", "mn": "fidelity; honour; honor; constancy", "fr": 19228}, {"w": "操業", "rd": "そうぎょう", "mn": "operation (of a machine, factory, fishing boat, etc.); work", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "誕", "g": 6, "o": 957, "f": 1024, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "", "m": "nativity; be born; declension; lie; be arbitrary", "pm": "nativity", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "延", "nj": "エン", "ne": "prolong"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; prolonged; drop; stop; footprint; stretch", "hk": "nativity", "hs": "The key word of course calls to mind the feast of Christmas. As the famous poem at the start of St. John's gospel tells us, the <b>nativity</b> we celebrate at Christmas had its origins at the very start of time and governs all of human history: it represents the <i>prolongation</i> of the eternal <i>Word</i> in time and space.", "ks": "<b>Nativity</b> = born, being born. Think of <b>birth</b> as a painful and <i>prolong</i> ed event. And of course, all the <i>words</i> and curses being yelled at the soon- to-be father for doing this to her!", "v": [{"w": "誕生日", "rd": "たんじょうび", "mn": "birthday", "fr": 2288}, {"w": "誕生", "rd": "たんじょう", "mn": "birth (of a person); nativity", "fr": 3455}, {"w": "お誕生日", "rd": "おたんじょうび", "mn": "birthday", "fr": 13680}, {"w": "お誕生日おめでとうございます", "rd": "おたんじょうびおめでとうございます", "mn": "happy birthday", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "生誕", "rd": "せいたん", "mn": "birth (esp. of a famous person); nativity", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "孝", "g": 6, "o": 958, "f": 1030, "j": null, "on": "コウ、キョウ", "kun": "", "m": "filial piety; child's respect", "pm": "filial piety", "r": [{"c": "耂", "nj": "おいかんむり", "ne": "old"}, {"c": "子", "nj": "こ", "ne": "child"}], "hc": "old man; child", "hk": "filial piety", "hs": "Old man . . . child.", "ks": "In filial piety , the child looks up to the old man.", "v": [{"w": "親孝行", "rd": "おやこうこう", "mn": "filial piety; being kind to one's parents; taking care of one's parents", "fr": 15802}, {"w": "孝行", "rd": "こうこう", "mn": "filial piety", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "不孝", "rd": "ふこう", "mn": "undutifulness to one's parents; lack of filial piety", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "親不孝", "rd": "おやふこう", "mn": "lack of filial piety; disobedience to one's parents", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "純", "g": 6, "o": 959, "f": 1044, "j": null, "on": "ジュン", "kun": "", "m": "genuine; purity; innocence; net (profit)", "pm": "genuine", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "屯", "nj": "トン", "ne": "barracks"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; earthworm; drop; shovel; fishhook", "hk": "genuine", "hs": "Thread . . . earthworm.", "ks": "<i>Earthworm Jim's</i> prized possession is a <b>genuine</b> copy of the #1 issue of <i>Spiderman</i>.", "v": [{"w": "単純", "rd": "たんじゅん", "mn": "simple; plain; uncomplicated; straightforward; simple-minded; naive", "fr": 1681}, {"w": "純粋", "rd": "じゅんすい", "mn": "pure; true; genuine; unmixed", "fr": 2271}, {"w": "純情", "rd": "じゅんじょう", "mn": "pure heart; naivete; innocence", "fr": 12898}, {"w": "純", "rd": "じゅん", "mn": "innocent; chaste; naive", "fr": 13559}, {"w": "不純", "rd": "ふじゅん", "mn": "impure; adulterated; foul; mixed; dishonest", "fr": 14004}, {"w": "純度", "rd": "じゅんど", "mn": "purity (of a substance)", "fr": 21950}, {"w": "純文学", "rd": "じゅんぶんがく", "mn": "pure literature; belles-lettres", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "純益", "rd": "じゅんえき", "mn": "clear profit; net income; net profit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "純金", "rd": "じゅんきん", "mn": "pure gold; solid gold; fine gold", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "訳", "g": 6, "o": 960, "f": 1050, "j": null, "on": "ヤク", "kun": "わけ", "m": "translate; reason; circumstance; case", "pm": "translate", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "尺", "nj": "シャク", "ne": "shaku"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; shaku-hachi; flag; stick", "hk": "translate", "hs": "Words . . . shakuhachi.", "ks": "You cannot pretend to <b>translate</b> into <i>words</i> the melody of the <i>shakuhachi</i>!", "v": [{"w": "申し訳ない", "rd": "もうしわけない", "mn": "I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; I feel regretful; I feel guilty", "fr": 1184}, {"w": "申し訳ありません", "rd": "もうしわけありません", "mn": "I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable", "fr": 1373}, {"w": "言い訳", "rd": "いいわけ", "mn": "excuse", "fr": 1676}, {"w": "訳", "rd": "わけ", "mn": "reason; cause; grounds", "fr": 1884}, {"w": "申し訳", "rd": "もうしわけ", "mn": "apology; excuse", "fr": 6150}, {"w": "訳じゃない", "rd": "わけじゃない", "mn": "it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that", "fr": 9407}, {"w": "翻訳", "rd": "ほんやく", "mn": "translation", "fr": 12143}, {"w": "訳ではない", "rd": "わけではない", "mn": "it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that ...", "fr": 13550}, {"w": "通訳", "rd": "つうやく", "mn": "interpretation (i.e. oral translation)", "fr": 16015}, {"w": "訳す", "rd": "やくす", "mn": "to translate; to interpret", "fr": 16404}, {"w": "訳がない", "rd": "わけがない", "mn": "there is no way that ...", "fr": 19114}, {"w": "内訳", "rd": "うちわけ", "mn": "itemization (of expenses); the items; breakdown; classification", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "全訳", "rd": "ぜんやく", "mn": "complete translation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "点訳", "rd": "てんやく", "mn": "translating into Braille", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "英訳", "rd": "えいやく", "mn": "English translation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "吸", "g": 6, "o": 961, "f": 1054, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "す.う", "m": "suck; imbibe; inhale; sip", "pm": "suck", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "及", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "reach out"}], "hc": "mouth; reach out", "hk": "suck", "hs": "<i>Mouth</i> . . . <i>outstretched hands</i>. Hint: use the image of a nursing baby.", "ks": "An <i>open mouth</i> and <i>reaching hands</i> : a baby wants to <b>suck</b> at his mother's breast.", "v": [{"w": "吸う", "rd": "すう", "mn": "to breathe in; to inhale; to smoke (a cigarette, etc.)", "fr": 1425}, {"w": "呼吸", "rd": "こきゅう", "mn": "breathing; respiration", "fr": 2606}, {"w": "吸い込む", "rd": "すいこむ", "mn": "to inhale; to breathe in; to suck up; to soak up; to absorb", "fr": 3859}, {"w": "吸収", "rd": "きゅうしゅう", "mn": "absorption; suction; attraction", "fr": 4819}, {"w": "吸血鬼", "rd": "きゅうけつき", "mn": "vampire; bloodsucker", "fr": 14071}, {"w": "吸引", "rd": "きゅういん", "mn": "absorption; suction; aspiration", "fr": 16997}, {"w": "人工呼吸", "rd": "じんこうこきゅう", "mn": "artificial respiration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "吸い殻", "rd": "すいがら", "mn": "cigarette end; cigarette butt; tobacco ashes", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "吸入", "rd": "きゅうにゅう", "mn": "inhalation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "呼吸器", "rd": "こきゅうき", "mn": "respiratory organs", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 68, "rp": 53, "l": 9, "n": ""}}, {"k": "看", "g": 6, "o": 962, "f": 1060, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "み.る", "m": "watch over; see", "pm": "watch over", "r": [{"c": "手", "nj": "て", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}], "hc": "hand; eye", "hk": "watch over", "hs": "Hand . . . eyes.", "ks": "Think of the monster from Pan's Labrynth, that watched over the poor girl with eyes in the palm of his hands.", "v": [{"w": "看板", "rd": "かんばん", "mn": "signboard; sign; billboard; hoarding; doorplate", "fr": 3433}, {"w": "看病", "rd": "かんびょう", "mn": "nursing (a patient)", "fr": 6669}, {"w": "看護師", "rd": "かんごし", "mn": "(hospital) nurse; registered nurse; RN", "fr": 7786}, {"w": "看過", "rd": "かんか", "mn": "overlooking; turning a blind eye", "fr": 18869}, {"w": "看護婦", "rd": "かんごふ", "mn": "(female) nurse", "fr": 20444}, {"w": "看る", "rd": "みる", "mn": "to look after (often medically); to take care of", "fr": 22323}, {"w": "看護", "rd": "かんご", "mn": "nursing; (army) nurse", "fr": 22429}, {"w": "看守", "rd": "かんしゅ", "mn": "prison guard; warder; jailer; gaoler", "fr": 23767}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "奏", "g": 6, "o": 963, "f": 1067, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "かな.でる", "m": "play music; speak to a ruler; complete", "pm": "play music", "r": [{"c": "天", "nj": "テン", "ne": "heavens"}], "hc": "bonsai; heavens", "hk": "play music", "hs": "Bonsai . . . heavens.", "ks": "When you <b>play music</b> to them, your <i>bonsai</i> will grow like they are in <i>heaven</i>.", "v": [{"w": "演奏", "rd": "えんそう", "mn": "musical performance", "fr": 5692}, {"w": "奏でる", "rd": "かなでる", "mn": "to play an instrument (esp. string instruments)", "fr": 7631}, {"w": "二重奏", "rd": "にじゅうそう", "mn": "instrumental duet; instrumental duo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "伴奏", "rd": "ばんそう", "mn": "accompaniment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "協奏曲", "rd": "きょうそうきょく", "mn": "concerto", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "合奏", "rd": "がっそう", "mn": "ensemble (e.g. orchestra, chamber group, etc.); concert", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "四重奏", "rd": "しじゅうそう", "mn": "instrumental quartet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "奏功", "rd": "そうこう", "mn": "success; achievement; fruition", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "奏者", "rd": "そうしゃ", "mn": "instrumentalist; player", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "演奏会", "rd": "えんそうかい", "mn": "concert; recital", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "独奏", "rd": "どくそう", "mn": "(instrumental) solo; recital", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "翌", "g": 6, "o": 964, "f": 1070, "j": null, "on": "ヨク", "kun": "", "m": "the following; next", "pm": "the following", "r": [{"c": "羽", "nj": "はね", "ne": "feather"}, {"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}], "hc": "feathers; wings; vase; stand up", "hk": "the following", "hs": "<i>Feathers</i> . . . <i>vase</i>. Be sure to contrast the connotation of this keyword with that for <i>next</i> (Frame 510).", "ks": "Your <i>feathers</i> would also <i>stand up</i> if you were a hen in a slaughter house and you heard: \" <b>The following</b>!\".", "v": [{"w": "翌日", "rd": "よくじつ", "mn": "next day", "fr": 2782}, {"w": "翌朝", "rd": "よくあさ", "mn": "next morning", "fr": 6626}, {"w": "翌年", "rd": "よくねん", "mn": "following year", "fr": 19327}, {"w": "翌月", "rd": "よくげつ", "mn": "following month", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "翌週", "rd": "よくしゅう", "mn": "the following week; the next week", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "片", "g": 6, "o": 965, "f": 1076, "j": null, "on": "ヘン", "kun": "かた-、かた", "m": "one-sided; leaf; sheet; right-side kata radical (no. 91)", "pm": "one-sided", "r": [{"c": "片", "nj": "かた", "ne": "split wood"}], "hc": "waiter with wine on tray", "hk": "one-sided", "hs": "This kanji is based on the pictograph of a tree with some branches going upwards and others hanging down, split right down the middle. When that picture's right side is isolated, it becomes the kanji for <b>one-sided</b> , in the sense of only one part of a whole.", "ks": "A one-sided romance–he proposes and she says no. (Thanks to fuaburisu).", "v": [{"w": "片付ける", "rd": "かたづける", "mn": "to put in order; to tidy up; to clean up; to put away; to clear away", "fr": 2022}, {"w": "片手", "rd": "かたて", "mn": "one hand", "fr": 3668}, {"w": "片方", "rd": "かたほう", "mn": "one side; one party; the other side; the other party", "fr": 3733}, {"w": "片隅", "rd": "かたすみ", "mn": "corner; nook", "fr": 6394}, {"w": "欠片", "rd": "かけら", "mn": "fragment; broken piece; chip; splinter; shard", "fr": 7020}, {"w": "破片", "rd": "はへん", "mn": "fragment; broken piece; splinter; chip; shard", "fr": 7146}, {"w": "片付く", "rd": "かたづく", "mn": "to be put in order; to be put to rights", "fr": 7316}, {"w": "片目", "rd": "かため", "mn": "one eye; one of one's eyes", "fr": 12685}, {"w": "後片付け", "rd": "あとかたづけ", "mn": "tidying up; clearing up; cleaning up; clearing away; putting in order", "fr": 13210}, {"w": "片思い", "rd": "かたおもい", "mn": "unrequited love; one-sided love", "fr": 13512}, {"w": "断片", "rd": "だんぺん", "mn": "fragment; scrap; piece; shred", "fr": 16612}, {"w": "片側", "rd": "かたがわ", "mn": "one side", "fr": 19248}, {"w": "片道", "rd": "かたみち", "mn": "one-way (trip)", "fr": 23503}, {"w": "片寄る", "rd": "かたよる", "mn": "to lean (to one side); to incline", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "木片", "rd": "もくへん", "mn": "block (of wood); chip; splinter", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 135, "rp": 13, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "郷", "g": 6, "o": 966, "f": 1077, "j": null, "on": "キョウ、ゴウ", "kun": "さと", "m": "home town; village; native place; district", "pm": "home town", "r": [{"c": "乡", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}, {"c": "邑", "nj": "おおざと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "home town; cocoon; silver; city walls", "hk": "hometown", "hs": "Cocoon . . . silver . . . city walls.", "ks": "Your hometown is where you broke out of your cocoon (born), and where you left when your hair was silver (died), your whole life was spent inside the city walls.", "v": [{"w": "故郷", "rd": "こきょう", "mn": "hometown; birthplace; native place; one's old home", "fr": 3757}, {"w": "郷愁", "rd": "きょうしゅう", "mn": "nostalgia; homesickness", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "郷里", "rd": "きょうり", "mn": "hometown; birthplace", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "同郷", "rd": "どうきょう", "mn": "(being from the) same town (province, birthplace, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "郷土", "rd": "きょうど", "mn": "native place; birth-place; one's old home", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "敬", "g": 6, "o": 967, "f": 1078, "j": null, "on": "ケイ、キョウ", "kun": "うやま.う", "m": "awe; respect; honor; revere", "pm": "awe", "r": [{"c": "苟", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "any"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "flowers; phrase; bound up; mouth; taskmaster", "hk": "awe", "hs": "Standing in <b>awe</b> of someone, you get self-conscious and may try to speak in <i>flowery phrases</i> out of veneration or fear. The <i>taskmaster</i> at the right is drilling you in the practice of your  \"honorifics.\"", "ks": "Hitler's flowery phrases held the nation in awe.", "v": [{"w": "尊敬", "rd": "そんけい", "mn": "respect; esteem; reverence; honour; honor", "fr": 2219}, {"w": "敬語", "rd": "けいご", "mn": "honorific; term of respect; polite expression; honorific language", "fr": 6142}, {"w": "敬意", "rd": "けいい", "mn": "respect; honour; honor", "fr": 7857}, {"w": "失敬", "rd": "しっけい", "mn": "rudeness; impoliteness; disrespect; impertinence", "fr": 8358}, {"w": "敬う", "rd": "うやまう", "mn": "to show respect for; to revere; to honour; to honor; to worship; to hold in este", "fr": 11183}, {"w": "敬遠", "rd": "けいえん", "mn": "pretending to respect (someone) while in fact staying distant; keeping at arm's ", "fr": 19579}, {"w": "敬具", "rd": "けいぐ", "mn": "yours sincerely; sincerely yours; yours truly", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "敬称", "rd": "けいしょう", "mn": "honorific title; honorific term of address", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "敬老", "rd": "けいろう", "mn": "respect for the aged", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "泉", "g": 6, "o": 968, "f": 1086, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "いずみ", "m": "spring; fountain", "pm": "spring", "r": [{"c": "白", "nj": "しろ", "ne": "white"}, {"c": "水", "nj": "みず", "ne": "water"}], "hc": "white; dove; water", "hk": "spring", "hs": "Call to mind the image of a fresh, bubbling <b>spring</b> of <i>water</i> , and you will probably notice how the top of the <b>spring</b> you are thinking of, the part where the  \"bubbling\" goes on, is all <i>white</i>. Happily, the <i>white</i> is just where it should be, at the top, and the <i>water</i> is at the bottom.", "ks": "A fresh SPRING has plenty of frothy white bubbles in its crisp, cool water.", "v": [{"w": "温泉", "rd": "おんせん", "mn": "hot spring", "fr": 4087}, {"w": "泉", "rd": "いずみ", "mn": "spring; fountain", "fr": 7266}, {"w": "源泉", "rd": "げんせん", "mn": "source (of a spring, etc.)", "fr": 23807}, {"w": "天然温泉", "rd": "てんねんおんせん", "mn": "natural hot spring", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "泉水", "rd": "せんすい", "mn": "garden pond; miniature lake", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "己", "g": 6, "o": 969, "f": 1098, "j": null, "on": "コ、キ", "kun": "おのれ、つちのと、な", "m": "self", "pm": "self", "r": [{"c": "己", "nj": "おのれ", "ne": "self"}], "hc": "snake", "hk": "self", "hs": "The kanji carries the abstract sense of the <b>self</b> , the deep-down inner structure of the human person that mythology has often depicted as a <i>snake</i> \\- which is what the kanji shows pictographically. Be sure to keep it distinct from the similar keywords, <i>oneself</i> (frame 36) and <i>I</i> (frame 17).", "ks": "I is self educated! I drawed this \"S\" all by myself!", "v": [{"w": "己", "rd": "おのれ", "mn": "oneself (itself, etc.)", "fr": 2466}, {"w": "自己紹介", "rd": "じこしょうかい", "mn": "self-introduction", "fr": 3713}, {"w": "自己", "rd": "じこ", "mn": "self; oneself", "fr": 5628}, {"w": "利己", "rd": "りこ", "mn": "self-interest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "利己主義", "rd": "りこしゅぎ", "mn": "egoism; egotism; selfishness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "知己", "rd": "ちき", "mn": "acquaintance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自己管理", "rd": "じこかんり", "mn": "taking care of something by oneself; self-management", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自己資本", "rd": "じこしほん", "mn": "net worth; owned capital", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "忠", "g": 6, "o": 970, "f": 1113, "j": null, "on": "チュウ", "kun": "", "m": "loyalty; fidelity; faithfulness", "pm": "loyalty", "r": [{"c": "中", "nj": "チュウ", "ne": "in"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "in; stick; mouth; heart", "hk": "loyalty", "hs": "<i>In</i> the middle of a . . . <i>heart</i>.", "ks": "Your loyalty is to what's in your heart.", "v": [{"w": "忠告", "rd": "ちゅうこく", "mn": "advice; warning", "fr": 3601}, {"w": "忠実", "rd": "ちゅうじつ", "mn": "faithful; devoted; loyal; honest; true", "fr": 5433}, {"w": "忠誠", "rd": "ちゅうせい", "mn": "loyalty; sincerity; allegiance; fidelity; integrity", "fr": 15632}, {"w": "忠義", "rd": "ちゅうぎ", "mn": "loyalty; devotion", "fr": 18556}, {"w": "忠臣", "rd": "ちゅうしん", "mn": "loyal retainer; loyal subject", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "沿", "g": 6, "o": 971, "f": 1121, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "そ.う、-ぞ.い", "m": "run alongside; follow along; run along; lie along", "pm": "run alongside", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "㕣", "nj": "", "ne": "a marsh at the foot of the hills"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; gully; eight; mouth", "hk": "run alongside", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>gully</i>. The key word is meant to refer to things like rivers and railway tracks that <b>run alongside</b> something else.", "ks": "<i>Water</i> in a <i>gully</i> <b>runs alongside</b> the path.", "v": [{"w": "沿って", "rd": "そって", "mn": "along; by; parallel to", "fr": 7162}, {"w": "沿い", "rd": "ぞい", "mn": "along (a river, coast, railway, etc.); on (e.g. a street)", "fr": 9435}, {"w": "沿う", "rd": "そう", "mn": "to run along; to run beside; to stick to (a line)", "fr": 9590}, {"w": "川沿い", "rd": "かわぞい", "mn": "along the river; riverside", "fr": 21475}, {"w": "沿岸", "rd": "えんがん", "mn": "coast; shore", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "沿線", "rd": "えんせん", "mn": "places alongside a railway line, bus route, major thoroughfare, etc.", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "沿海", "rd": "えんかい", "mn": "sea along the coast; coastal waters; inshore waters", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "沿海州", "rd": "えんかいしゅう", "mn": "Primorskaya Oblast (Russia)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "沿道", "rd": "えんどう", "mn": "roadside; wayside; route", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "沿革", "rd": "えんかく", "mn": "history; development", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "誠", "g": 6, "o": 972, "f": 1128, "j": null, "on": "セイ", "kun": "まこと", "m": "sincerity; admonish; warn; prohibit; truth; fidelity", "pm": "sincerity", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "成", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "turn into"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; turn into; sword; dagger; parade", "hk": "sincerity", "hs": "The sure sign of <b>sincerity</b> is that one's mere <i>words</i> are <i>turned into</i> deeds.", "ks": "Sincerity is turn ing your word s into actions.", "v": [{"w": "誠実", "rd": "せいじつ", "mn": "sincere; honest; faithful", "fr": 6161}, {"w": "誠に", "rd": "まことに", "mn": "really; truly; very; extremely; exceedingly; sincerely", "fr": 7013}, {"w": "誠意", "rd": "せいい", "mn": "sincerity; good faith", "fr": 7775}, {"w": "誠", "rd": "まこと", "mn": "truth; reality; fact", "fr": 11554}, {"w": "忠誠", "rd": "ちゅうせい", "mn": "loyalty; sincerity; allegiance; fidelity; integrity", "fr": 15632}, {"w": "誠にありがとうございます", "rd": "まことにありがとうございます", "mn": "thank you very much", "fr": 19353}], "p": null}, {"k": "忘", "g": 6, "o": 973, "f": 1129, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "わす.れる", "m": "forget", "pm": "forget", "r": [{"c": "亡", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "deceased"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "perish; deceased; top hat; fishhook; heart", "hk": "forget", "hs": "Perish . . . heart.", "ks": "Perish my heart if I forget this kanji.", "v": [{"w": "忘れる", "rd": "わすれる", "mn": "to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (", "fr": 196}, {"w": "忘れ物", "rd": "わすれもの", "mn": "lost article; thing left behind", "fr": 3877}, {"w": "忘却", "rd": "ぼうきゃく", "mn": "lapse of memory; forgetting completely; (consigning to) oblivion", "fr": 20947}, {"w": "忘年会", "rd": "ぼうねんかい", "mn": "year-end party; \"forget-the-year\" party; bōnenkai", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 222, "rp": 21, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "俳", "g": 6, "o": 974, "f": 1137, "j": null, "on": "ハイ", "kun": "", "m": "haiku; actor", "pm": "haiku", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "非", "nj": "あらず", "ne": "wrong"}], "hc": "person; un-; jail cell; prison bars", "hk": "haiku", "hs": "This character is used for the <b>haiku</b> , the 17-syllable poem that is one of Japan's best-known literary forms. Its elements: <i>person</i> .. . <i>jail cell</i>.", "ks": "I pity the fool/ Who put me in this jail cell/ I pity the fool. (Credit taijuando).", "v": [{"w": "俳優", "rd": "はいゆう", "mn": "actor; actress; player; performer", "fr": 10256}, {"w": "俳句", "rd": "はいく", "mn": "haiku", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "俳人", "rd": "はいじん", "mn": "haiku poet", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "宝", "g": 6, "o": 975, "f": 1139, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "たから", "m": "treasure; wealth; valuables", "pm": "treasure", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "玉", "nj": "たま", "ne": "jewelry"}], "hc": "house; king; jewel; ball; earring; drop", "hk": "treasure", "hs": "Every <i>house</i> has its <b>treasure</b> , as every thief knows only too well. While the things we <b>treasure</b> most are usually of sentimental value, we take the original sense of the term <b>treasure</b> here and make it refer to <i>jewels</i> kept in one's <i>house</i>.", "ks": "I have treasure : jewels which I hide in my house.", "v": [{"w": "宝物", "rd": "たからもの", "mn": "treasure; treasured item; prized possession", "fr": 4428}, {"w": "宝石", "rd": "ほうせき", "mn": "gem; jewel; precious stone", "fr": 4955}, {"w": "宝", "rd": "たから", "mn": "treasure", "fr": 5236}, {"w": "重宝", "rd": "ちょうほう", "mn": "convenient; useful; handy; helpful", "fr": 15446}, {"w": "宝くじ", "rd": "たからくじ", "mn": "lottery", "fr": 20926}, {"w": "人間国宝", "rd": "にんげんこくほう", "mn": "living national treasure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国宝", "rd": "こくほう", "mn": "national treasure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宝庫", "rd": "ほうこ", "mn": "treasury; treasure house; storehouse; repository", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宝飾", "rd": "ほうしょく", "mn": "jewels and ornaments; jewelry; jewellery", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 8, "rp": 16, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "胸", "g": 6, "o": 976, "f": 1144, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "むね、むな-", "m": "bosom; breast; chest; heart; feelings", "pm": "bosom", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "匈", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "turmoil"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; bound up; villain; sheaf; shovel", "hk": "bosom", "hs": "Part of the body . . . bound up . . . villain.", "ks": "<b>Bosom</b> is a Flesh part that should be bound up lest it provoke villian thoughts.", "v": [{"w": "胸", "rd": "むね", "mn": "chest; breast", "fr": 632}, {"w": "度胸", "rd": "どきょう", "mn": "courage; bravery; pluck; nerve; grit; guts", "fr": 4933}, {"w": "胸中", "rd": "きょうちゅう", "mn": "one's heart; one's mind; one's intentions", "fr": 15582}, {"w": "胸部", "rd": "きょうぶ", "mn": "chest; breast", "fr": 16210}, {"w": "胸像", "rd": "きょうぞう", "mn": "bust (sculpture); half-length portrait", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "胸襟", "rd": "きょうきん", "mn": "one's heart", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "豊胸", "rd": "ほうきょう", "mn": "full breasts; ample breasts", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "砂", "g": 6, "o": 977, "f": 1146, "j": null, "on": "サ、シャ", "kun": "すな", "m": "sand", "pm": "sand", "r": [{"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}, {"c": "少", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "few"}], "hc": "stone; rock; few", "hk": "sand", "hs": "Good <b>sand</b> for beaches has <i>few</i> or no <i>stones</i> in it. That means that all of us whose feet have been spoiled by too much time in shoes don't have to watch our step as we cavort about.", "ks": "In good SAND , stones are few , if any.", "v": [{"w": "砂", "rd": "すな", "mn": "sand; grit; fine gravel", "fr": 4023}, {"w": "砂糖", "rd": "さとう", "mn": "sugar", "fr": 5234}, {"w": "砂漠", "rd": "さばく", "mn": "desert", "fr": 8262}, {"w": "砂浜", "rd": "すなはま", "mn": "sandy beach", "fr": 10786}, {"w": "砂利", "rd": "じゃり", "mn": "gravel; ballast; pebbles", "fr": 23104}, {"w": "サハラ砂漠", "rd": "サハラさばく", "mn": "Sahara Desert", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "土砂", "rd": "どしゃ", "mn": "sediment; earth and sand", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "土砂降り", "rd": "どしゃぶり", "mn": "downpour; pouring rain; heavy rain; pelting rain; cloudburst", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "砂丘", "rd": "さきゅう", "mn": "sand dune; sand hill", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "砂時計", "rd": "すなどけい", "mn": "hourglass; sandglass", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "砂防", "rd": "さぼう", "mn": "erosion control", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "誤", "g": 6, "o": 978, "f": 1150, "j": null, "on": "ゴ", "kun": "あやま.る、-あやま.る", "m": "mistake; err; do wrong; mislead", "pm": "mistake", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "呉", "nj": "ゴ", "ne": "give"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; give; mouth; chair; tool; animal legs", "hk": "mistake", "hs": "Words . . . give.", "ks": "You must give words of apology when you make a mistake.", "v": [{"w": "誤解", "rd": "ごかい", "mn": "misunderstanding", "fr": 1436}, {"w": "誤魔化す", "rd": "ごまかす", "mn": "to deceive; to cheat; to swindle", "fr": 5931}, {"w": "誤る", "rd": "あやまる", "mn": "to make a mistake (in); to commit an error; to do incorrectly; to err", "fr": 7475}, {"w": "誤算", "rd": "ごさん", "mn": "miscalculation", "fr": 12706}, {"w": "試行錯誤", "rd": "しこうさくご", "mn": "trial and error", "fr": 13146}, {"w": "誤差", "rd": "ごさ", "mn": "measurement error; calculation error", "fr": 14179}, {"w": "誤って", "rd": "あやまって", "mn": "accidentally; in error; by mistake; by accident", "fr": 14775}, {"w": "誤り", "rd": "あやまり", "mn": "error; mistake; slip; bug", "fr": 15591}, {"w": "錯誤", "rd": "さくご", "mn": "mistake; error; discrepancy", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "時代錯誤", "rd": "じだいさくご", "mn": "anachronism", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "誤報", "rd": "ごほう", "mn": "false report; incorrect report; misinformation; false alarm", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "誤字", "rd": "ごじ", "mn": "misprint; misspelling; typo; typographical error; erratum", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "誤植", "rd": "ごしょく", "mn": "misprint; typographical error; typo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "誤認", "rd": "ごにん", "mn": "misrecognition; mistaking (x for y)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 27, "rp": 25, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "聖", "g": 6, "o": 979, "f": 1165, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ショウ", "kun": "ひじり", "m": "holy; saint; sage; master; priest", "pm": "holy", "r": [{"c": "耳", "nj": "みみ", "ne": "ear"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}], "hc": "ear; mouth; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "holy", "hs": "Ear . . . mouth . . . king.", "ks": "A <b>holy</b> man hears with his <i>ears</i> before he speaks with his <i>mouth</i> , which places him higher than a <i>king</i> in people's esteem.", "v": [{"w": "神聖", "rd": "しんせい", "mn": "holiness; sacredness; sanctity; dignity", "fr": 6208}, {"w": "聖地", "rd": "せいち", "mn": "sacred place; holy ground; the Holy Land", "fr": 14402}, {"w": "聖域", "rd": "せいいき", "mn": "sacred precincts; sanctuary; consecrated ground; holy ground", "fr": 14497}, {"w": "聖人", "rd": "せいじん", "mn": "saint", "fr": 18532}, {"w": "聖書", "rd": "せいしょ", "mn": "Bible; the Scriptures; Holy Writ", "fr": 23149}, {"w": "聖職者", "rd": "せいしょくしゃ", "mn": "clergyman; churchman; clergy", "fr": 24173}, {"w": "棋聖", "rd": "きせい", "mn": "great master of go; great master of shogi", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "聖堂", "rd": "せいどう", "mn": "(Confucian) temple; church; sanctuary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "聖戦", "rd": "せいせん", "mn": "holy war; crusade", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "聖母", "rd": "せいぼ", "mn": "mother of a holy person", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "聖火", "rd": "せいか", "mn": "sacred fire; sacred flame", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "洗", "g": 6, "o": 980, "f": 1168, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "あら.う", "m": "wash; inquire into; probe", "pm": "wash", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "先", "nj": "セン", "ne": "before"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; before; cow; human legs", "hk": "wash", "hs": "This character is so logical that one is tempted to let the elements speak for themselves: <i>water</i> . . . <i>before</i>. But we have already decided we will not allow such rationalism to creep into our stories. Not even this once. Instead, let us change the character from the Peanuts comic strip called  \"Pigpen,\" who is always preceded by a little cloud of dust and grime, and rename him \" <b>Wash</b> -Out.\" Everywhere he walks, a spray of <i>water</i> goes <i>before</i> him to sanitize everything he touches.", "ks": "WASH with WATER BEFORE doing anything.", "v": [{"w": "洗う", "rd": "あらう", "mn": "to wash; to cleanse; to rinse", "fr": 1340}, {"w": "洗濯", "rd": "せんたく", "mn": "washing; laundry", "fr": 3847}, {"w": "洗濯物", "rd": "せんたくもの", "mn": "laundry; the washing", "fr": 7106}, {"w": "洗脳", "rd": "せんのう", "mn": "brainwashing", "fr": 9559}, {"w": "お手洗い", "rd": "おてあらい", "mn": "toilet; restroom; lavatory; bathroom", "fr": 11130}, {"w": "洗面所", "rd": "せんめんじょ", "mn": "washroom; bathroom", "fr": 11794}, {"w": "洗濯機", "rd": "せんたくき", "mn": "washing machine; (clothes) washer", "fr": 12995}, {"w": "洗い物", "rd": "あらいもの", "mn": "things to be washed; (dirty) dishes; laundry; washing", "fr": 13407}, {"w": "洗剤", "rd": "せんざい", "mn": "detergent; cleanser; cleaning agent; washing material", "fr": 15115}, {"w": "洗練", "rd": "せんれん", "mn": "refinement; polish", "fr": 18721}, {"w": "洗礼", "rd": "せんれい", "mn": "baptism; christening", "fr": 19881}, {"w": "洗浄", "rd": "せんじょう", "mn": "washing; cleansing; cleaning; laundering", "fr": 20742}, {"w": "手洗い", "rd": "てあらい", "mn": "washing one's hands; water (or basin, etc.) for washing one's hands", "fr": 21865}, {"w": "皿洗い", "rd": "さらあらい", "mn": "washing-up; dish-washing", "fr": 24201}, {"w": "水洗", "rd": "すいせん", "mn": "washing with water; rinsing; flushing", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N4 Kanji", "i": 119, "rp": 26, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "尊", "g": 6, "o": 981, "f": 1181, "j": null, "on": "ソン", "kun": "たっと.い、とうと.い、たっと.ぶ、とうと.ぶ", "m": "revered; valuable; precious; noble; exalted", "pm": "revered", "r": [{"c": "酋", "nj": "シュウ", "ne": "chieftain"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "chieftain; Molotov cocktail; animal horns; whiskey bottle; glue", "hk": "revered", "hs": "Animal horns . . . whiskey bottle . . . glue.", "ks": "I drank the <i>Devil Whiskey</i> and was <b>revered</b> by all. Too bad I had to have my anus <i>glued</i> shut from the damage it did to my digestive system…", "v": [{"w": "尊敬", "rd": "そんけい", "mn": "respect; esteem; reverence; honour; honor", "fr": 2219}, {"w": "尊重", "rd": "そんちょう", "mn": "respect; esteem; regard", "fr": 5453}, {"w": "尊い", "rd": "たっとい", "mn": "precious; valuable; priceless", "fr": 5772}, {"w": "尊厳", "rd": "そんげん", "mn": "dignity; majesty; sanctity", "fr": 12773}, {"w": "尊ぶ", "rd": "たっとぶ", "mn": "to value; to prize; to esteem", "fr": 23697}, {"w": "尊称", "rd": "そんしょう", "mn": "honorific title", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "本尊", "rd": "ほんぞん", "mn": "principal object of worship (at a Buddhist temple); principal image", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "男尊女卑", "rd": "だんそんじょひ", "mn": "male domination of women; male chauvinism; subjection of women", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自尊", "rd": "じそん", "mn": "self-respect; esteem; self-importance; pride", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "窓", "g": 6, "o": 982, "f": 1186, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、ス", "kun": "まど、てんまど、けむだし", "m": "window; pane", "pm": "window", "r": [{"c": "穴", "nj": "あな", "ne": "hole"}, {"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "hole; house; human legs; elbow; heart", "hk": "window", "hs": "House . . . human legs . . . elbow . . . heart.", "ks": "A voyeur peeks in the window of a house , but all he can see is legs. So he elbows up into the window for a better view which gets his heart racing.", "v": [{"w": "窓", "rd": "まど", "mn": "window", "fr": 1411}, {"w": "窓際", "rd": "まどぎわ", "mn": "at the window; by the window; next to the window", "fr": 9350}, {"w": "窓口", "rd": "まどぐち", "mn": "counter; window; teller window; ticket window", "fr": 14675}, {"w": "同窓会", "rd": "どうそうかい", "mn": "alumni association; graduates' association; alumni meeting; class reunion", "fr": 17215}, {"w": "同窓", "rd": "どうそう", "mn": "being a graduate of the same school; person who went to the same school; fellow ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "車窓", "rd": "しゃそう", "mn": "train window; car window", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 58, "rp": 42, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "敵", "g": 6, "o": 983, "f": 1205, "j": null, "on": "テキ", "kun": "かたき、あだ、かな.う", "m": "enemy; foe; opponent", "pm": "enemy", "r": [{"c": "啇", "nj": "テキ", "ne": "the stalk"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "antique; vase; stand up; hood; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth; taskmaster", "hk": "enemy", "hs": "Picture your most precious <i>antique</i> (it doesn't matter how old it really is, so long as it is the oldest thing YOU own) being knocked over by your most unlikeable <i>taskmaster</i> , and you have a good picture of how people make themselves <b>enemies</b> for life.", "ks": "For us Miami Cubans, that antique taskmaster (Fidel) is the enemy.", "v": [{"w": "敵", "rd": "てき", "mn": "opponent; rival; adversary", "fr": 728}, {"w": "素敵", "rd": "すてき", "mn": "lovely; wonderful; charming; enchanting; nice; great; splendid; marvellous (marv", "fr": 2215}, {"w": "無敵", "rd": "むてき", "mn": "invincible; unrivaled; unrivalled; matchless; unbeatable; undefeatable", "fr": 5556}, {"w": "敵意", "rd": "てきい", "mn": "hostility; animosity; enmity", "fr": 6600}, {"w": "敵対", "rd": "てきたい", "mn": "hostility; antagonism; opposition", "fr": 7408}, {"w": "強敵", "rd": "きょうてき", "mn": "formidable enemy; strong enemy; tough enemy", "fr": 7795}, {"w": "不敵", "rd": "ふてき", "mn": "daring; fearless; intrepid; bold; tough", "fr": 8375}, {"w": "匹敵", "rd": "ひってき", "mn": "to be a match for; to rival; to equal; to compare with; to be equivalent to", "fr": 9286}, {"w": "敵わない", "rd": "かなわない", "mn": "no match for; cannot compete with; not in the same league as; powerless against", "fr": 9995}, {"w": "宿敵", "rd": "しゅくてき", "mn": "old enemy; longtime enemy; arch-enemy; traditional rival; longstanding foe", "fr": 16367}, {"w": "政敵", "rd": "せいてき", "mn": "political opponent", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "敵国", "rd": "てきこく", "mn": "enemy nation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "敵失", "rd": "てきしつ", "mn": "error made by the enemy or opposing team", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "幼", "g": 6, "o": 984, "f": 1227, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "おさな.い", "m": "infancy; childhood", "pm": "infancy", "r": [{"c": "幺", "nj": "いとがしら", "ne": "young"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "cocoon; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "infancy", "hs": "Cocoon . . . muscle.", "ks": "During INFANCY the moth in its COCOON gains its POWER.", "v": [{"w": "幼い", "rd": "おさない", "mn": "very young; little", "fr": 2673}, {"w": "幼なじみ", "rd": "おさななじみ", "mn": "childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate", "fr": 5408}, {"w": "幼稚園", "rd": "ようちえん", "mn": "kindergarten (in Japan, non-compulsory education from age 3 until primary school", "fr": 7654}, {"w": "幼稚", "rd": "ようち", "mn": "infancy", "fr": 13174}, {"w": "幼児", "rd": "ようじ", "mn": "young child; toddler", "fr": 14148}, {"w": "幼少期", "rd": "ようしょうき", "mn": "(early) childhood", "fr": 15946}, {"w": "幼少", "rd": "ようしょう", "mn": "infancy; childhood; tender age", "fr": 16053}, {"w": "幼子", "rd": "おさなご", "mn": "infant; baby; little child", "fr": 18105}, {"w": "乳幼児", "rd": "にゅうようじ", "mn": "babies and preschool children", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "幼虫", "rd": "ようちゅう", "mn": "larva; grub; maggot", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "潮", "g": 6, "o": 985, "f": 1231, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "しお、うしお", "m": "tide; salt water; opportunity", "pm": "tide", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "朝", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "morning"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; morning; mist; ten; needle; early; sun; day; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "tide", "hs": "Before we get to explaining this character, take a look at it and see if you can figure out the primitive elements on your own.... On the left is the <i>water</i>  \\- that much is easy. On the right we have only one primitive, the kanji for <i>morning</i> learned back in Frame 53. See how an apparently complex kanji falls apart neatly into manageable pieces? To get the meaning of the key word <b>tide</b> , just think of it in connection with the character for <i>eventide</i> that we learned back in Frame 115. Here we have the <i>morning</i> - <b>tide</b> , its complement. By the way, if you missed the question about the number of primitives, it is probably because you forgot what we said earlier about kanji becoming primitives, independently of the pieces that make them up. As a rule, look for the largest kanji you can write and proceed from there to primitives stranded on their own.", "ks": "The morning <b>tide</b> is basically, well, WATER in the MORNING.", "v": [{"w": "潮", "rd": "しお", "mn": "tide; current", "fr": 7851}, {"w": "紅潮", "rd": "こうちょう", "mn": "flush; blush", "fr": 10876}, {"w": "潮時", "rd": "しおどき", "mn": "tidal hour", "fr": 13025}, {"w": "風潮", "rd": "ふうちょう", "mn": "tide; current", "fr": 21839}, {"w": "満潮", "rd": "まんちょう", "mn": "high tide; high water; full tide", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "潮流", "rd": "ちょうりゅう", "mn": "tide; tidal current", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "黒潮", "rd": "くろしお", "mn": "Kuroshio Current; Japan Current", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鋼", "g": 6, "o": 986, "f": 1246, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "はがね", "m": "steel", "pm": "steel", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "岡", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "mount"}], "hc": "metal; gold; mount", "hk": "steel", "hs": "Metal . . . Mount.", "ks": "<i>Mount</i> Fuji is completely made up of a <i>metal</i> known as <b>steel</b>.", "v": [{"w": "鋼", "rd": "はがね", "mn": "steel", "fr": 9431}, {"w": "鋼鉄", "rd": "こうてつ", "mn": "steel", "fr": 14267}, {"w": "鉄鋼", "rd": "てっこう", "mn": "iron and steel", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "粗鋼", "rd": "そこう", "mn": "crude steel", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "製鋼", "rd": "せいこう", "mn": "steel manufacture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鋼材", "rd": "こうざい", "mn": "steel material", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鋼板", "rd": "こうはん", "mn": "steel sheet; steel plate", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "縦", "g": 6, "o": 987, "f": 1258, "j": null, "on": "ジュウ", "kun": "たて", "m": "vertical; length; height; self-indulgent; wayward", "pm": "vertical", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "従", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "accompany"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; accompany; Nelson; column; going; line; horns; mend", "hk": "vertical", "hs": "Thread . . . accompany.", "ks": "You may only accompany spiderman if you're able to climb buildings vertical ly.", "v": [{"w": "縦", "rd": "たて", "mn": "the vertical; height", "fr": 5860}, {"w": "操縦", "rd": "そうじゅう", "mn": "steering; piloting; flying; control; operation; handling", "fr": 11159}, {"w": "縦断", "rd": "じゅうだん", "mn": "running through (north-south); cutting across; travelling across", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "縦書き", "rd": "たてがき", "mn": "writing vertically; vertical writing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "縦横", "rd": "じゅうおう", "mn": "length and width; length and breadth; lengthwise and crosswise; vertical and hor", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "捨", "g": 6, "o": 988, "f": 1266, "j": null, "on": "シャ", "kun": "す.てる", "m": "discard; throw away; abandon; resign; reject; sacrifice", "pm": "discard", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "舎", "nj": "シャ", "ne": "cottage"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; cottage; little-thatch; umbrella; lidded crock; earthenware jar; soil; dirt; ground; mouth", "hk": "discard", "hs": "Fingers . . . cottage.", "ks": "Someone stuck their <i>fingers</i> in my <i>cottage</i> cheese! I'm going to have to <i>discard</i> the lot!", "v": [{"w": "捨てる", "rd": "すてる", "mn": "to throw away; to cast away; to dump; to discard", "fr": 500}, {"w": "見捨てる", "rd": "みすてる", "mn": "to abandon; to fail; to desert; to forsake", "fr": 2558}, {"w": "切り捨てる", "rd": "きりすてる", "mn": "to cut off and throw away", "fr": 6908}, {"w": "呼び捨て", "rd": "よびすて", "mn": "addressing (someone) without using a suffix such as \"-san\" or \"-chan\" (considere", "fr": 9078}, {"w": "使い捨て", "rd": "つかいすて", "mn": "throwaway; disposable; single-use", "fr": 15191}, {"w": "四捨五入", "rd": "ししゃごにゅう", "mn": "rounding (off; a number); rounding half away from zero", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "切り捨て", "rd": "きりすて", "mn": "cutting a person down (without a second thought); sacrificing; throwing to the w", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "取捨", "rd": "しゅしゃ", "mn": "adoption or rejection; selection; choice; option", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "捨て子", "rd": "すてご", "mn": "abandoned child; foundling", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 4, "rp": 63, "l": 13, "n": "捨てる 拾う"}}, {"k": "腹", "g": 6, "o": 989, "f": 1286, "j": null, "on": "フク", "kun": "はら", "m": "abdomen; belly; stomach", "pm": "abdomen", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "复", "nj": "", "ne": "return"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; fold back; double back; reclining; lying down; sun; day; walking legs", "hk": "abdomen", "hs": "If you <i>double back</i> (fold over) most animals - or people, for that matter - in the middle, the <i>part of the body</i> where the crease comes is the <b>abdomen</b>.", "ks": "The only <b>body</b> part that <b>doubles over</b>.", "v": [{"w": "腹", "rd": "はら", "mn": "abdomen; belly; stomach", "fr": 1020}, {"w": "お腹", "rd": "おなか", "mn": "belly; abdomen; stomach", "fr": 2798}, {"w": "裏腹", "rd": "うらはら", "mn": "opposite; reverse; contrary", "fr": 6474}, {"w": "空腹", "rd": "くうふく", "mn": "empty stomach; hunger", "fr": 6890}, {"w": "腹部", "rd": "ふくぶ", "mn": "abdomen; abdominal region; belly", "fr": 9212}, {"w": "満腹", "rd": "まんぷく", "mn": "full stomach; filling one's stomach; eating one's fill", "fr": 15158}, {"w": "腹痛", "rd": "ふくつう", "mn": "stomach ache; abdominal pain", "fr": 16075}, {"w": "立腹", "rd": "りっぷく", "mn": "anger; getting angry; taking offense; losing one's temper", "fr": 20672}, {"w": "切腹", "rd": "せっぷく", "mn": "seppuku; harakiri", "fr": 22061}, {"w": "中腹", "rd": "ちゅうふく", "mn": "halfway up (down) a mountain; mountainside", "fr": 22725}, {"w": "腹いっぱい", "rd": "はらいっぱい", "mn": "having a full stomach; being full", "fr": 24902}, {"w": "お腹の子", "rd": "おなかのこ", "mn": "child one is expecting; child in one's womb", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "下っ腹", "rd": "したっぱら", "mn": "abdomen; stomach; under parts", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "太っ腹", "rd": "ふとっぱら", "mn": "generous; magnanimous; big-hearted; broad-minded", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "腹心", "rd": "ふくしん", "mn": "one's confidant; trusted friend; trusted retainer", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 23, "rp": 73, "l": 16, "n": ""}}, {"k": "乳", "g": 6, "o": 990, "f": 1289, "j": null, "on": "ニュウ", "kun": "ちち、ち", "m": "milk; breasts", "pm": "milk", "r": [{"c": "孚", "nj": "フ", "ne": "sincere"}, {"c": "乙", "nj": "おつ", "ne": "the second"}], "hc": "fledgling; claw; vulture; child; fishhook", "hk": "milk", "hs": "Fledglings . . . hook.", "ks": "This fledgling is hooked on MILK.. better than booze I suppose…", "v": [{"w": "牛乳", "rd": "ぎゅうにゅう", "mn": "(cow's) milk", "fr": 5505}, {"w": "乳", "rd": "ちち", "mn": "milk", "fr": 6861}, {"w": "乳首", "rd": "ちくび", "mn": "nipple; teat", "fr": 8094}, {"w": "乳房", "rd": "ちぶさ", "mn": "breast; udder", "fr": 9289}, {"w": "母乳", "rd": "ぼにゅう", "mn": "mother's milk", "fr": 21831}, {"w": "乳児", "rd": "にゅうじ", "mn": "infant (below 1 year old); suckling baby", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "乳幼児", "rd": "にゅうようじ", "mn": "babies and preschool children", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "乳製品", "rd": "にゅうせいひん", "mn": "dairy products", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "搾乳", "rd": "さくにゅう", "mn": "milking (a cow, goat, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "豆乳", "rd": "とうにゅう", "mn": "soy milk", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鍾乳洞", "rd": "しょうにゅうどう", "mn": "limestone cave; limestone cavern", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "紅", "g": 6, "o": 991, "f": 1299, "j": null, "on": "コウ、ク", "kun": "べに、くれない、あか.い", "m": "crimson; deep red", "pm": "crimson", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; craft", "hk": "crimson", "hs": "Thread . . . craft.", "ks": "Spiderman crafted a <b>crimson</b> costume to fight crime in.", "v": [{"w": "紅茶", "rd": "こうちゃ", "mn": "black tea", "fr": 4434}, {"w": "紅", "rd": "くれない", "mn": "deep red; crimson", "fr": 8688}, {"w": "紅潮", "rd": "こうちょう", "mn": "flush; blush", "fr": 10876}, {"w": "紅葉", "rd": "こうよう", "mn": "leaves turning red (in autumn); red leaves; autumn colours; fall colors", "fr": 14848}, {"w": "口紅", "rd": "くちべに", "mn": "lipstick", "fr": 18857}, {"w": "紅梅", "rd": "こうばい", "mn": "red-blossomed plum tree; red Japanese apricot", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紅白", "rd": "こうはく", "mn": "red and white; colours for festive or auspicious occasions (colors)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 126, "rp": 17, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "冊", "g": 6, "o": 992, "f": 1313, "j": null, "on": "サツ、サク", "kun": "ふみ", "m": "tome; counter for books; volume", "pm": "tome", "r": [{"c": "冂", "nj": "けいがまえ", "ne": "to enclose"}, {"c": "廾", "nj": "にじゅうあし", "ne": "folded hands"}], "hc": "", "hk": "tome", "hs": "This key word is a counter for books. It differs from <i>scrapbook</i> both in the writing order and in the extension of the second horizontal stroke.", "ks": "Pictograph of three books tied up for transport.", "v": [{"w": "冊", "rd": "さつ", "mn": "counter for books", "fr": 6619}, {"w": "一冊", "rd": "いっさつ", "mn": "one copy (of a book, magazine, etc.); one volume", "fr": 7667}, {"w": "冊子", "rd": "さっし", "mn": "book; booklet; story book; pamphlet; notebook", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "分冊", "rd": "ぶんさつ", "mn": "separate volume; fascicle; fascicule", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "別冊", "rd": "べっさつ", "mn": "separate volume; extra issue; supplement; additional volume; supplementary volum", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "小冊子", "rd": "しょうさっし", "mn": "booklet; pamphlet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "短冊", "rd": "たんざく", "mn": "tanzaku; poem slip; poetry slip", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 8, "rp": 33, "l": 6, "n": "冊 皿"}}, {"k": "仁", "g": 6, "o": 993, "f": 1332, "j": null, "on": "ジン、ニ、ニン", "kun": "", "m": "humanity; virtue; benevolence; charity; man; kernel", "pm": "humanity", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}], "hc": "person; two", "hk": "humanity", "hs": "To refer to the fullness of <b>humanity</b> that can only be achieved in dialogue with another ( <i>person</i> . . . <i>two</i> ), Confucius used this character.", "ks": "Mr. T shows his <b>humanity</b> by giving <i>two</i> bucks to every homeless person he sees.", "v": [{"w": "仁", "rd": "じん", "mn": "benevolence (esp. as a virtue of Confucianism); consideration; compassion; human", "fr": 20250}, {"w": "仁義", "rd": "じんぎ", "mn": "humanity and justice (esp. in Confucianism); virtue", "fr": 21552}, {"w": "仁王", "rd": "におう", "mn": "two Deva kings", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "卵", "g": 6, "o": 994, "f": 1342, "j": null, "on": "ラン", "kun": "たまご", "m": "egg; ovum; spawn; roe", "pm": "egg", "r": [{"c": "卯", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "sign of the hare or rabbit"}, {"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "sign of the hare; receipt; stamp; drops", "hk": "egg", "hs": "<i>Receipt</i> . . . <i>stamp</i> . . . and <i>a drop</i> in each side to represent a little smear of <b>egg</b> yoke. The third stroke is drawn slightly higher to close the <b>egg</b> up tightly and keep the yoke inside.", "ks": "The Easter Bunny is hiding an easter EGG in each of its ears.", "v": [{"w": "卵", "rd": "たまご", "mn": "eggs; egg; spawn; roe", "fr": 2811}, {"w": "卵子", "rd": "らんし", "mn": "ovum; ovule; egg cell", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "卵巣", "rd": "らんそう", "mn": "ovary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "卵形", "rd": "らんけい", "mn": "oval shape; egg shape", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "卵管", "rd": "らんかん", "mn": "fallopian tube; oviduct", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "受精卵", "rd": "じゅせいらん", "mn": "fertilized egg; fertilised egg", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "産卵", "rd": "さんらん", "mn": "egg-laying; spawning", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鶏卵", "rd": "けいらん", "mn": "hen's egg", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 376, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "干", "g": 6, "o": 995, "f": 1349, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "ほ.す、ほ.し-、-ぼ.し、ひ.る", "m": "dry; parch; ebb; recede; interfere; intercede", "pm": "dry", "r": [{"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "clothesline", "hk": "dry", "hs": "It is best to see this kanji as a pictograph of a revolving circular clothesline (viewed from the side). Spin it around quickly in your mind's eye to give it the connotation of to <b>dry</b>.", "ks": "<b>Dry</b> <i>one</i> item in <i>ten</i> minutes on the <i>clothesline</i>.", "v": [{"w": "若干", "rd": "じゃっかん", "mn": "some; few; a number of; a little (bit)", "fr": 4694}, {"w": "干渉", "rd": "かんしょう", "mn": "interference; intervention; meddling", "fr": 5270}, {"w": "干す", "rd": "ほす", "mn": "to air; to dry; to desiccate", "fr": 6997}, {"w": "梅干し", "rd": "うめぼし", "mn": "umeboshi; pickled dried ume; pickled dried plum", "fr": 21015}, {"w": "梅干", "rd": "うめぼし", "mn": "umeboshi; pickled dried ume; pickled dried plum", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "干る", "rd": "ひる", "mn": "to dry (up); to become parched", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "干拓", "rd": "かんたく", "mn": "land reclamation (from sea)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "干満", "rd": "かんまん", "mn": "ebb and flow", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "干潟", "rd": "ひがた", "mn": "tidal flat; tideland", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "欄干", "rd": "らんかん", "mn": "railing; guard rail; handrail; banister; balustrade; parapet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "物干し", "rd": "ものほし", "mn": "frame for drying clothes; clotheshorse", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "頂", "g": 6, "o": 996, "f": 1350, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "いただ.く、いただき", "m": "place on the head; receive; top of head; top; summit; peak", "pm": "place on the head", "r": [{"c": "丁", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "street"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "street; nail; spike; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "place on the head", "hs": "The key word is actually a formal metaphor meaning \"humble acceptance.\" Reading off the two primitive elements in the order of their writing, we have: <i>nail</i> . . . <i>head</i>. As in  \"hitting the <i>nail</i> on the <i>head</i>. \" Now one presumes that most people can handle metaphors, but if you were to run into a dimwit working in a hardware store who only knew the literal meaning of things, and were to ask him, in your best Japanese, to <b>place on your head</b> a nail, he might miss the point and cause you considerable torment.", "ks": "If I put a <i>street sign</i> on my <i>head</i> what do I get ? A <b>place on the head</b> !", "v": [{"w": "頂く", "rd": "いただく", "mn": "to receive; to get; to accept; to take; to buy", "fr": 1655}, {"w": "頂ける", "rd": "いただける", "mn": "to be able to receive; to be able to take; to be able to accept", "fr": 4211}, {"w": "頂戴", "rd": "ちょうだい", "mn": "receiving; getting; accepting; being given", "fr": 4777}, {"w": "頂点", "rd": "ちょうてん", "mn": "vertex; apex", "fr": 5000}, {"w": "頂きます", "rd": "いただきます", "mn": "thank you (for the meal just served)", "fr": 5290}, {"w": "絶頂", "rd": "ぜっちょう", "mn": "top (of a mountain); summit", "fr": 8202}, {"w": "頂上", "rd": "ちょうじょう", "mn": "top; summit; peak", "fr": 10194}, {"w": "頂", "rd": "いただき", "mn": "crown (of head); summit (of mountain); spire", "fr": 14052}, {"w": "山頂", "rd": "さんちょう", "mn": "summit (of a mountain)", "fr": 18046}, {"w": "有頂天", "rd": "うちょうてん", "mn": "ecstasy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "登頂", "rd": "とうちょう", "mn": "climbing to the summit; summiting", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 33, "rp": 35, "l": 4, "n": "頂く 預ける"}}, {"k": "穴", "g": 6, "o": 997, "f": 1366, "j": null, "on": "ケツ", "kun": "あな", "m": "hole; aperture; slit; cave; den", "pm": "hole", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}], "hc": "house; eight", "hk": "hole", "hs": "<i>House</i> . . . <i>eight</i>.", "ks": "A black <b>hole</b> is a \"House of Infinity\". Infinity is of course represented by a sideways \"8\", but here we have a Japanese \"8\" instead.", "v": [{"w": "穴", "rd": "あな", "mn": "hole; opening; orifice; perforation", "fr": 1734}, {"w": "落とし穴", "rd": "おとしあな", "mn": "pitfall; trap; pit", "fr": 13661}, {"w": "穴埋め", "rd": "あなうめ", "mn": "filling (up) a hole", "fr": 24102}, {"w": "墓穴", "rd": "ぼけつ", "mn": "grave (pit)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "洞穴", "rd": "ほらあな", "mn": "cave; cavern; den; grotto", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "風穴", "rd": "かざあな", "mn": "air hole; windhole; air vent", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "暖", "g": 6, "o": 998, "f": 1371, "j": null, "on": "ダン、ノン", "kun": "あたた.か、あたた.かい、あたた.まる、あたた.める", "m": "warmth", "pm": "warmth", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "爰", "nj": "エン", "ne": "lead on to"}], "hc": "sun; day; migrating ducks; claw; vulture; one; friend", "hk": "warmth", "hs": "Unlike the character for <i>warm</i> weather learned earlier (Frame 1560), this kanji and its key word can also refer to the <b>warmth</b> of human congeniality. Its elements are: <i>sun</i> . . . <i>migrating ducks</i>.", "ks": "Ducks migrate south for the winter… they follow the <b>warmth</b> of the sun.", "v": [{"w": "暖かい", "rd": "あたたかい", "mn": "warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot", "fr": 4388}, {"w": "暖房", "rd": "だんぼう", "mn": "(indoor) heating", "fr": 18064}, {"w": "暖炉", "rd": "だんろ", "mn": "fireplace; hearth; stove", "fr": 21042}, {"w": "暖める", "rd": "あたためる", "mn": "to warm (up); to heat (up)", "fr": 21509}, {"w": "暖まる", "rd": "あたたまる", "mn": "to warm oneself; to sun oneself; to warm up; to get warm", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "温暖", "rd": "おんだん", "mn": "warm; mild; temperate", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "冷暖房", "rd": "れいだんぼう", "mn": "air conditioning and heating", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "地球温暖化", "rd": "ちきゅうおんだんか", "mn": "global warming", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寒暖計", "rd": "かんだんけい", "mn": "thermometer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暖冬", "rd": "だんとう", "mn": "mild winter; warm winter", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暖流", "rd": "だんりゅう", "mn": "warm current", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暖簾", "rd": "のれん", "mn": "(short) curtain hung at shop entrance; split curtain used to divide spaces in a ", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 67, "rp": 56, "l": 10, "n": ""}}, {"k": "朗", "g": 6, "o": 999, "f": 1374, "j": null, "on": "ロウ", "kun": "ほが.らか、あき.らか", "m": "melodious; clear; bright; serene; cheerful", "pm": "melodious", "r": [{"c": "良", "nj": "リョウ", "ne": "good"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "halo; drop; silver; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "melodious", "hs": "Halo . . . moon.", "ks": "[Image: 'Moonlight sonata'] The <i>moon</i> has inspired many <i>good</i> composers (like Ludwig van Beethoven) to write something <b>melodious</b>.", "v": [{"w": "朗らか", "rd": "ほがらか", "mn": "cheerful; merry; sunny; melodious", "fr": 13084}, {"w": "朗報", "rd": "ろうほう", "mn": "good news; happy news; glad tidings", "fr": 15700}, {"w": "朗読", "rd": "ろうどく", "mn": "reading aloud; recitation", "fr": 21557}, {"w": "明朗", "rd": "めいろう", "mn": "cheerful; bright", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "朗詠", "rd": "ろうえい", "mn": "recitation (of Japanese or Chinese poem)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "肺", "g": 6, "o": 1000, "f": 1387, "j": null, "on": "ハイ", "kun": "", "m": "lungs", "pm": "lungs", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "市", "nj": "シ", "ne": "market"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; market; top hat; towel", "hk": "lungs", "hs": "One is surprised, strolling through the <i>market</i> , to find among the <i>meats</i> hung out for sale a slab marked: <b>lungs</b>.", "ks": "LUNGS are a PART of the BODY that can be found at any meat MARKET or black MARKET.", "v": [{"w": "肺", "rd": "はい", "mn": "lung", "fr": 6871}, {"w": "肺炎", "rd": "はいえん", "mn": "pneumonia", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "肺結核", "rd": "はいけっかく", "mn": "pulmonary tuberculosis", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "熟", "g": 6, "o": 1001, "f": 1415, "j": null, "on": "ジュク", "kun": "う.れる", "m": "mellow; ripen; mature; acquire skill", "pm": "mellow", "r": [{"c": "孰", "nj": "ジュク", "ne": "which"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "receive; tall; top hat; mouth; child; children; round; nine; baseball; drop; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "mellow", "hs": "The <i>tall</i> and <i>fat children</i> from the last frame are here cast into a cauldron over an <i>oven flame</i> until they have sufficiently <b>mellowed</b> that they can return to the normal life of a student.", "ks": "Imagine <i>tall children</i> sitting <i>round</i> the <i>fire</i> toasting marsh- <b>mellow</b> s.", "v": [{"w": "未熟", "rd": "みじゅく", "mn": "unripe; green; immature", "fr": 4986}, {"w": "熟知", "rd": "じゅくち", "mn": "being familiar with; having a thorough knowledge of; being well-informed about", "fr": 14001}, {"w": "熟睡", "rd": "じゅくすい", "mn": "deep sleep; sound sleep; profound sleep", "fr": 14316}, {"w": "熟練", "rd": "じゅくれん", "mn": "skill; expertise; experience; proficiency; mastery; dexterity", "fr": 16627}, {"w": "熟す", "rd": "こなす", "mn": "to digest", "fr": 16941}, {"w": "成熟", "rd": "せいじゅく", "mn": "maturity; ripeness", "fr": 17480}, {"w": "熟語", "rd": "じゅくご", "mn": "kanji compound", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "円熟", "rd": "えんじゅく", "mn": "ripeness; mellowness; maturity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "半熟", "rd": "はんじゅく", "mn": "half-cooked; half-done; soft-boiled", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "早熟", "rd": "そうじゅく", "mn": "precocity; early ripening; premature development", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "未熟児", "rd": "みじゅくじ", "mn": "premature baby", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "恩", "g": 6, "o": 1002, "f": 1418, "j": null, "on": "オン", "kun": "", "m": "grace; kindness; goodness; favor; mercy; blessing; benefit", "pm": "grace", "r": [{"c": "因", "nj": "イン", "ne": "cause"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "cause; pent in; large; St. Bernard; heart", "hk": "grace", "hs": "Take <b>grace</b> in its sense of a favor freely bestowed, not in its meaning of charming manners or fluid movement. The primitives: <i>cause</i> . . . <i>heart</i>.", "ks": "Grace is when you give from your heart to serve a higher cause.", "v": [{"w": "恩", "rd": "おん", "mn": "favour; favor; obligation; debt of gratitude", "fr": 5768}, {"w": "恩返し", "rd": "おんがえし", "mn": "paying back a favour; repayment (of an obligation, kindness, etc.)", "fr": 7014}, {"w": "恩人", "rd": "おんじん", "mn": "benefactor; patron; person to whom one owes a great deal; person to whom one is ", "fr": 7326}, {"w": "恩恵", "rd": "おんけい", "mn": "grace; favor; favour; blessing; benefit", "fr": 11121}, {"w": "恩師", "rd": "おんし", "mn": "teacher (to whom one owes a debt of gratitude); mentor; one's former teacher", "fr": 22131}, {"w": "恩知らず", "rd": "おんしらず", "mn": "ungrateful", "fr": 22348}, {"w": "恩給", "rd": "おんきゅう", "mn": "pension (esp. public servant's)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "恩賜", "rd": "おんし", "mn": "Imperial gift", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "恩赦", "rd": "おんしゃ", "mn": "amnesty; pardon", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "晩", "g": 6, "o": 1003, "f": 1424, "j": null, "on": "バン", "kun": "", "m": "nightfall; night", "pm": "nightfall", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "免", "nj": "メン", "ne": "excuse"}], "hc": "sun; day; village stocks; rabbit; bound up; human legs", "hk": "nightfall", "hs": "Sun . . . rabbit.", "ks": "At <b>nightfall</b> the <i>sun excuses</i> itself and goes to sleep.", "v": [{"w": "一晩", "rd": "ひとばん", "mn": "one night; one evening", "fr": 4196}, {"w": "毎晩", "rd": "まいばん", "mn": "every night", "fr": 4746}, {"w": "晩", "rd": "ばん", "mn": "evening; night", "fr": 4825}, {"w": "今晩", "rd": "こんばん", "mn": "tonight; this evening", "fr": 5163}, {"w": "昨晩", "rd": "さくばん", "mn": "last night", "fr": 7342}, {"w": "一晩中", "rd": "ひとばんじゅう", "mn": "all night long; all through the night", "fr": 9288}, {"w": "晩ご飯", "rd": "ばんごはん", "mn": "dinner; evening meal", "fr": 11036}, {"w": "今晩は", "rd": "こんばんは", "mn": "good evening", "fr": 15405}, {"w": "晩御飯", "rd": "ばんごはん", "mn": "dinner; evening meal", "fr": 23696}, {"w": "明晩", "rd": "みょうばん", "mn": "tomorrow evening", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "晩婚", "rd": "ばんこん", "mn": "late marriage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "晩年", "rd": "ばんねん", "mn": "one's later years; final years (in life)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "晩酌", "rd": "ばんしゃく", "mn": "drink at home with one's evening meal; dinner-time drink", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "朝晩", "rd": "あさばん", "mn": "morning and evening", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 292, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "陛", "g": 6, "o": 1004, "f": 1429, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ", "kun": "", "m": "highness; steps (of throne)", "pm": "highness", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "比", "nj": "くらべる", "ne": "to compare"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; compare; spoon; sitting on the ground; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "highness", "hs": "This key word indicates a title of address to royalty. Its elements: <i>pinnacle</i> . . . <i>compare</i> . . . <i>ground</i>.", "ks": "Your <b>highness</b> is the <i>pinnacle</i> of finesse <i>compared</i> to all of us commoners who are but like <i>dirt</i> on the <i>ground</i>.", "v": [{"w": "陛下", "rd": "へいか", "mn": "Your Majesty; His Majesty; Her Majesty", "fr": 13010}, {"w": "天皇陛下", "rd": "てんのうへいか", "mn": "His Majesty the Emperor", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "拝", "g": 6, "o": 1005, "f": 1443, "j": null, "on": "ハイ", "kun": "おが.む、おろが.む", "m": "worship; adore; pray to", "pm": "worship", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "丰", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "abundant"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; one; ceiling; bushes", "hk": "worship", "hs": "<i>Fingers</i> . . . <i>bush</i> . . . suspended from the <i>ceiling</i>.", "ks": "Because I worship her, I only finger ONE BUSH, her's, and no others!", "v": [{"w": "拝見", "rd": "はいけん", "mn": "seeing; looking at", "fr": 5287}, {"w": "拝む", "rd": "おがむ", "mn": "to assume the posture of praying; to press the palms and fingers of both hands t", "fr": 5480}, {"w": "拝借", "rd": "はいしゃく", "mn": "borrowing", "fr": 10857}, {"w": "崇拝", "rd": "すうはい", "mn": "worship; adoration; admiration; cult", "fr": 16166}, {"w": "拝啓", "rd": "はいけい", "mn": "Dear (so and so); Dear Sir; Dear Madam; To Whom It May Concern", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "参拝", "rd": "さんぱい", "mn": "going and worshipping (at a shrine or temple); visit (to a shrine or temple to w", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "礼拝", "rd": "れいはい", "mn": "worship (esp. Christian); (church) service", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "棒", "g": 6, "o": 1006, "f": 1455, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "", "m": "rod; stick; cane; pole; club; line", "pm": "rod", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "奉", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "observance"}], "hc": "tree; wood; observance; dedicate; bonsai; cornstalk", "hk": "rod", "hs": "Tree . . . dedicate.", "ks": "The wood from this tree is dedicated to making rods to flog naughty kids.", "v": [{"w": "棒", "rd": "ぼう", "mn": "pole; rod; stick; baton", "fr": 4117}, {"w": "泥棒", "rd": "どろぼう", "mn": "thief; burglar; robber", "fr": 4192}, {"w": "相棒", "rd": "あいぼう", "mn": "partner; pal; accomplice", "fr": 5119}, {"w": "用心棒", "rd": "ようじんぼう", "mn": "bodyguard; bouncer; (security) guard", "fr": 16781}, {"w": "棒立ち", "rd": "ぼうだち", "mn": "standing upright; standing bolt upright; rearing", "fr": 20802}, {"w": "鉄棒", "rd": "てつぼう", "mn": "iron rod; iron bar; iron club", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "ぶっきら棒", "rd": "ぶっきらぼう", "mn": "curt; blunt; brusque", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "糖", "g": 6, "o": 1007, "f": 1471, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "", "m": "sugar", "pm": "sugar", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "唐", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "T'ang"}], "hc": "rice; T’ang; cave; rake; mouth", "hk": "sugar", "hs": "Rice . . . T'ang.", "ks": "<b>Sugar</b> made from rice has a tangy flavour.", "v": [{"w": "砂糖", "rd": "さとう", "mn": "sugar", "fr": 5234}, {"w": "糖分", "rd": "とうぶん", "mn": "amount of sugar; sugar content", "fr": 18976}, {"w": "糖", "rd": "とう", "mn": "sugar", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "糖尿病", "rd": "とうにょうびょう", "mn": "diabetes; diabetes mellitus", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "糖質", "rd": "とうしつ", "mn": "sugariness; saccharinity; carbohydrate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "血糖", "rd": "けっとう", "mn": "blood sugar", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "製糖", "rd": "せいとう", "mn": "sugar manufacture", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "俵", "g": 6, "o": 1008, "f": 1481, "j": null, "on": "ヒョウ", "kun": "たわら", "m": "bag; bale; sack; counter for bags", "pm": "bag", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "表", "nj": "ヒョウ", "ne": "surface"}], "hc": "person; surface; grow up; scarf", "hk": "bag", "hs": "Keep this kanji distinct from that for <i>sack</i> (Frame 1081). Its elements are: <i>person</i> . . . <i>surface</i>.", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> 's punching <b>bag</b> has one beat up <i>surface</i>.", "v": [{"w": "土俵", "rd": "どひょう", "mn": "(wrestling) ring", "fr": 19134}, {"w": "俵", "rd": "たわら", "mn": "straw bag; sack; bale", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "土俵際", "rd": "どひょうぎわ", "mn": "edge of the ring", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "覧", "g": 6, "o": 1009, "f": 1510, "j": null, "on": "ラン", "kun": "み.る", "m": "perusal; see", "pm": "perusal", "r": [{"c": "臣", "nj": "しん", "ne": "retainer"}, {"c": "見", "nj": "みる", "ne": "to see"}], "hc": "retainer; slave; reclining; lying down; one; floor; look; see; telescope; eye; human legs", "hk": "perusal", "hs": "Slaves . . . reclining . . . floor . . . see.", "ks": "The slave reclines on the floor at night to watch the stars. Since that's the only thing the slave is allowed to “read”, he does so very thoroughly and diligently, hence <b>perusal</b>.", "v": [{"w": "ご覧になる", "rd": "ごらんになる", "mn": "to see; to look; to watch", "fr": 6092}, {"w": "ご覧", "rd": "ごらん", "mn": "(please) try to", "fr": 6753}, {"w": "閲覧", "rd": "えつらん", "mn": "inspection; reading; perusal", "fr": 14621}, {"w": "一覧", "rd": "いちらん", "mn": "look; glance; sight; having a look at; looking over; glancing through; running o", "fr": 16609}, {"w": "回覧", "rd": "かいらん", "mn": "circulation (esp. of documents); sending round", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "展覧会", "rd": "てんらんかい", "mn": "exhibition", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "観覧", "rd": "かんらん", "mn": "viewing", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一覧表", "rd": "いちらんひょう", "mn": "list; table; schedule; catalogue; catalog", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "博覧会", "rd": "はくらんかい", "mn": "exhibition; exposition; expo; fair", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遊覧", "rd": "ゆうらん", "mn": "sightseeing", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "奮", "g": 6, "o": 1010, "f": 1521, "j": null, "on": "フン", "kun": "ふる.う", "m": "stirred up; be invigorated; flourish", "pm": "stirred up", "r": [{"c": "奞", "nj": "シュン", "ne": "the stride made by a man"}, {"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}], "hc": "large; St. Bernard; turkey; rice field; brains", "hk": "stirred up", "hs": "St. Bernard dog . . . turkey . . . rice field/brains.", "ks": "Calling my brother/sister \" big turkey brains \" gets her real stirred up.", "v": [{"w": "興奮", "rd": "こうふん", "mn": "excitement; stimulation; agitation; arousal", "fr": 1757}, {"w": "奮闘", "rd": "ふんとう", "mn": "strenuous effort; hard struggle; working hard", "fr": 13396}, {"w": "奮発", "rd": "ふんぱつ", "mn": "strenuous efforts; exerting oneself; stirring oneself up; spurt", "fr": 15972}, {"w": "奮う", "rd": "ふるう", "mn": "to muster (e.g. one's courage); to call forth; to rouse up", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "奮って", "rd": "ふるって", "mn": "energetically; strenuously; heartily", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "奮起", "rd": "ふんき", "mn": "stirring; rousing oneself", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "蒸", "g": 6, "o": 1011, "f": 1552, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ、セイ", "kun": "む.す、む.れる、む.らす", "m": "steam; heat; sultry; foment; get musty", "pm": "steam", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "烝", "nj": "ジョウ", "ne": "many"}], "hc": "flowers; helping hand; complete; water; one; floor; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "steam", "hs": "The <i>flower</i> at the top and the <i>floor</i> with the <i>oven fire</i> beneath are familiar. The problem is what comes in between. It is formed by the character for <i>complete</i> , whose vertical stroke doubles up as the first stroke of <i>water</i>.", "ks": "This kanji is used in compounds for the <b>steam</b> ing of food and also for smoking/fumigation. Here we have the Japanese once again trying to replicate the French cuisine, only with a twist, <b>steam</b> ing food with flowers (think of flower-smoked ham for example). Flowers must first be <i>completely soaked in water</i> , and then poured over a thin piece of <i>flooring</i> under which there is an <i>oven fire</i>.", "v": [{"w": "蒸発", "rd": "じょうはつ", "mn": "evaporation", "fr": 11434}, {"w": "蒸し返す", "rd": "むしかえす", "mn": "to reheat; to steam over", "fr": 15015}, {"w": "蒸気", "rd": "じょうき", "mn": "steam; vapour; vapor", "fr": 16581}, {"w": "蒸す", "rd": "むす", "mn": "to steam (food, towel, etc.)", "fr": 17908}, {"w": "蒸し暑い", "rd": "むしあつい", "mn": "humid; sultry", "fr": 19479}, {"w": "水蒸気", "rd": "すいじょうき", "mn": "water vapour; water vapor; steam", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "蒸かす", "rd": "ふかす", "mn": "to steam (food)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蒸し", "rd": "むし", "mn": "steaming", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蒸しパン", "rd": "むしパン", "mn": "steamed bun; steamed bread", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "后", "g": 6, "o": 1012, "f": 1583, "j": null, "on": "コウ、ゴ", "kun": "きさき", "m": "empress; queen; after; behind; back; later", "pm": "empress", "r": [{"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "drag; one; ceiling; mouth", "hk": "empress", "hs": "Drag . . . one . . . mouth.", "ks": "The F word often comes out of the mouth of the empress.", "v": [{"w": "皇后", "rd": "こうごう", "mn": "empress (consort)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皇太后", "rd": "こうたいごう", "mn": "Empress Dowager; Queen Mother", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "班", "g": 6, "o": 1013, "f": 1592, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "", "m": "squad; corps; unit; group", "pm": "squad", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "sword; spear; cutlass; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "squad", "hs": "Spear . . . two balls.", "ks": "Am I the only one who took this as penis and balls? In order to be in the man-squad, naturally you need to have two balls with your \"spear\" in the middle there.", "v": [{"w": "班", "rd": "はん", "mn": "group; party; team", "fr": 4360}, {"w": "班長", "rd": "はんちょう", "mn": "squad leader; group leader; team leader", "fr": 22527}, {"w": "首班", "rd": "しゅはん", "mn": "head; leader; prime minister", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "詞", "g": 6, "o": 1014, "f": 1636, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "ことば", "m": "part of speech; words; poetry", "pm": "part of speech", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "司", "nj": "シ", "ne": "director"}], "hc": "part of speech; say; words; keitai; mouth; director; Ken Russel; clothes hanger; coat hanger; one; mouth", "hk": "parts of speech", "hs": "The key word, <b>parts of speech</b> , refers to nouns, verbs, adjective, adverbs, and so on. The elements: <i>words</i> . . . <i>directors</i>.", "ks": "A Grammar is basically a word director that tells us what part of speech each word is.", "v": [{"w": "歌詞", "rd": "かし", "mn": "song lyrics; words of a song; libretto", "fr": 11376}, {"w": "代名詞", "rd": "だいめいし", "mn": "pronoun", "fr": 22929}, {"w": "副詞", "rd": "ふくし", "mn": "adverb", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "助詞", "rd": "じょし", "mn": "particle", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "動詞", "rd": "どうし", "mn": "verb", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "名詞", "rd": "めいし", "mn": "noun", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "形容詞", "rd": "けいようし", "mn": "adjective; i-adjective (in Japanese)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "作詞", "rd": "さくし", "mn": "(writing) song lyrics", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "品詞", "rd": "ひんし", "mn": "part of speech", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "胃", "g": 6, "o": 1015, "f": 1647, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "", "m": "stomach; paunch; crop; craw", "pm": "stomach", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "rice field; brains; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "stomach", "hs": "You will need to refer back to frames 13 and 14 here for the special meaning of the two primitive elements that make up this character: <i>flesh</i> ( <i>part of the body</i> ) and <i>brain</i>. What the kanji says, if you look at it, is that the <i>part of the body</i> that keeps the <i>brain</i> in working order is the <b>stomach</b>. To keep the elements in proper order, when you write this kanji think of the <i>brain</i> as being  \"held up\" by the <i>flesh</i>.", "ks": "The <i>rice field</i> is harvested once a <i>month</i> to get food for our <b>stomach</b>.", "v": [{"w": "胃", "rd": "い", "mn": "stomach", "fr": 4186}, {"w": "胃袋", "rd": "いぶくろ", "mn": "stomach", "fr": 10832}, {"w": "胃腸", "rd": "いちょう", "mn": "stomach and intestines; gastrointestinal tract; digestive organs", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 47, "rp": 15, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "寸", "g": 6, "o": 1016, "f": 1669, "j": null, "on": "スン", "kun": "", "m": "measurement; tenth of a shaku; a little; small", "pm": "measurement", "r": [{"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "glue; drop; ten with a hook", "hk": "measurement", "hs": "This kanji actually stood for a small <b>measurement</b> used prior to the metric system, a bit over an inch in length, and from there acquired the sense of <b>measurement</b>. In the old system, it was one- <i>tenth</i> of a <i>shaku</i> (whose kanji we shall meet in frame 1151). The picture, appropriately, represents one <i>drop</i> of a <i>ten</i>  (with a hook!).", "ks": "The decimal system uses <i>drops</i> of <i>ten</i> as a <b>measurement</b>.", "v": [{"w": "寸前", "rd": "すんぜん", "mn": "just before; on the verge of; on the brink of", "fr": 3577}, {"w": "寸法", "rd": "すんぽう", "mn": "measurement; size; extent; dimension", "fr": 13435}, {"w": "寸断", "rd": "すんだん", "mn": "cutting to pieces; tearing to pieces", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寸暇", "rd": "すんか", "mn": "moment's leisure; free minute", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "机", "g": 6, "o": 1017, "f": 1671, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "つくえ", "m": "desk; table", "pm": "desk", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "几", "nj": "きにょう", "ne": "table"}], "hc": "tree; wood; wind", "hk": "desk", "hs": "We need to fix imagination here on two things to learn the kanji for <b>desk</b> : the wonderful rough <i>wood</i> of which it has been hewn and the <i>wind</i> that blows across it, sending your papers flying all over the room. These two elements, written in that order, dictate how to write the character.", "ks": "My <i>wooden</i> <b>desk</b> is so messy, it looks like a strong <i>wind</i> blew my things all over it.", "v": [{"w": "机", "rd": "つくえ", "mn": "desk", "fr": 2083}, {"w": "机上", "rd": "きじょう", "mn": "on the desk", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 56, "rp": 29, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "磁", "g": 6, "o": 1018, "f": 1686, "j": null, "on": "ジ", "kun": "", "m": "magnet; porcelain", "pm": "magnet", "r": [{"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}, {"c": "兹", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "stone; rock; double-mysterious; mothballs; horns; one; cocoon", "hk": "magnet", "hs": "<i>Stone</i> . . . double- <i>mysterious</i>.", "ks": "The gremlins have this mysterious rock the use to attract yet more gremlins.", "v": [{"w": "磁石", "rd": "じしゃく", "mn": "magnet", "fr": 21532}, {"w": "磁器", "rd": "じき", "mn": "porcelain; china; chinaware", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "磁気", "rd": "じき", "mn": "magnetism", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "磁場", "rd": "じば", "mn": "magnetic field", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陶磁器", "rd": "とうじき", "mn": "ceramics; pottery and porcelain", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "電磁石", "rd": "でんじしゃく", "mn": "electromagnet", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "灰", "g": 6, "o": 1019, "f": 1717, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "はい", "m": "ashes; puckery juice; cremate", "pm": "ashes", "r": [{"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "cliff; fire", "hk": "ashes", "hs": "The kanji for <b>ashes</b> naturally includes the primitive for <i>fire</i> , or more specifically, a <i>fireplace</i>. Now what do you do with that bucket of <b>ashes</b> you have just cleaned out of the <i>fireplace</i>? You walk to the edge of a <i>cliff</i> and tip it upside down, watching as they are swept away in the wind like a swarm of gray mosquitoes. Thus the <i>fire</i> , once it has turned to <b>ashes</b> , ends up at the bottom of the <i>cliff</i>.", "ks": "The <i>fire</i> underneath the <i>cliff</i> will eventually turn everything above to <b>ashes</b>.", "v": [{"w": "灰色", "rd": "はいいろ", "mn": "grey; gray; ashen", "fr": 7217}, {"w": "灰", "rd": "はい", "mn": "ash; ashes", "fr": 7898}, {"w": "灰皿", "rd": "はいざら", "mn": "ashtray", "fr": 20763}, {"w": "火山灰", "rd": "かざんばい", "mn": "volcanic ash", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "石灰", "rd": "せっかい", "mn": "lime; quicklime; caustic lime", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "垂", "g": 6, "o": 1020, "f": 1720, "j": null, "on": "スイ", "kun": "た.れる、た.らす、た.れ、-た.れ、なんなんと.す", "m": "droop; suspend; hang; slouch", "pm": "droop", "r": [{"c": "千", "nj": "セン", "ne": "thousand"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "drop; silage; walking cane; stick; one; floor", "hk": "droop", "hs": "<i>A drop of</i> . . . <i>silage</i> . . . <i>walking stick</i> . . . <i>floor</i>. The character is written in the order of its elements.", "ks": "For an old man with a <i>walking stick</i> , even a <i>drop</i> of <i>silage</i> to carry on his back will make him <i>droop</i> low down to the <i>floor</i>.", "v": [{"w": "垂れる", "rd": "たれる", "mn": "to hang; to droop; to dangle; to sag; to lower; to pull down", "fr": 5459}, {"w": "垂らす", "rd": "たらす", "mn": "to dribble; to spill", "fr": 6584}, {"w": "垂直", "rd": "すいちょく", "mn": "vertical", "fr": 14290}, {"w": "垂れ幕", "rd": "たれまく", "mn": "hanging banner; hanging screen; curtain", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "懸垂", "rd": "けんすい", "mn": "pull-up (exercise); chin-up; chinning", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雨垂れ", "rd": "あまだれ", "mn": "raindrops (dripping from eaves, branches, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "穀", "g": 6, "o": 1021, "f": 1744, "j": null, "on": "コク", "kun": "", "m": "cereals; grain", "pm": "cereals", "r": [{"c": "士", "nj": "さむらい", "ne": "man"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "samurai; crown; wheat; cereal; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "cereals", "hs": "Samurai . . . crown . . . wheat . . . missile.", "ks": "The samurai crowns wheat as the best cereal , and blows all others up with missiles (he's a cereal killer).", "v": [{"w": "穀物", "rd": "こくもつ", "mn": "grain; cereal; corn", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "穀倉", "rd": "こくそう", "mn": "granary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "穀類", "rd": "こくるい", "mn": "grains", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "米穀", "rd": "べいこく", "mn": "rice", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "腸", "g": 6, "o": 1022, "f": 1807, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "はらわた、わた", "m": "intestines; guts; bowels; viscera", "pm": "intestines", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "昜", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "open"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; piggy bank; sun; day; piglets", "hk": "intestines", "hs": "Flesh . . . piggy bank.", "ks": "Imagine a child's horror if upon smashing open his piggy bank , instead of coins, instestines ( flesh ) pours out.", "v": [{"w": "腸", "rd": "ちょう", "mn": "intestine; bowel", "fr": 14892}, {"w": "大腸", "rd": "だいちょう", "mn": "large intestine; large bowel; colon", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大腸菌", "rd": "だいちょうきん", "mn": "Escherichia coli (E. coli)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盲腸", "rd": "もうちょう", "mn": "cecum; caecum; blind gut", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "胃腸", "rd": "いちょう", "mn": "stomach and intestines; gastrointestinal tract; digestive organs", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "舌", "g": 6, "o": 1023, "f": 1830, "j": null, "on": "ゼツ", "kun": "した", "m": "tongue; reed; clapper", "pm": "tongue", "r": [{"c": "千", "nj": "セン", "ne": "thousand"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "thousand; drop; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "tongue", "hs": "The primitive for <i>mouth</i> and the character for <i>thousand</i> naturally form the idea of <b>tongue</b> if one thinks of a <i>thousand mouths</i> able to speak the same language, or as we say,  \"sharing a common <b>tongue</b>. \" It is easy to see the connection between the idiom and the kanji if you take its image literally: a single <b>tongue</b> being passed around from <i>mouth</i> to <i>mouth</i>.", "ks": "A thousand mouths speak the same TONGUE.", "v": [{"w": "舌", "rd": "した", "mn": "tongue", "fr": 2277}, {"w": "舌打ち", "rd": "したうち", "mn": "clicking one's tongue; tut-tut", "fr": 6269}, {"w": "毒舌", "rd": "どくぜつ", "mn": "wicked tongue; sharp tongue; abusive language", "fr": 21288}, {"w": "二枚舌", "rd": "にまいじた", "mn": "double-dealing; duplicity; equivocation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弁舌", "rd": "べんぜつ", "mn": "speech; eloquence; manner of speaking; manner of expression", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "猫舌", "rd": "ねこじた", "mn": "dislike of very hot food or drink; inability to take hot food", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "舌戦", "rd": "ぜっせん", "mn": "war of words", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "絹", "g": 6, "o": 1024, "f": 1916, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "きぬ", "m": "silk", "pm": "silk", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "肙", "nj": "", "ne": "a small worm"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; mouth; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "silk", "hs": "Thread . . . mouth . . . flesh.", "ks": "Spider-man loves to run his mouth all over Mary Jane's <b>silk</b> y flesh.", "v": [{"w": "絹", "rd": "きぬ", "mn": "silk", "fr": 12674}, {"w": "絹布", "rd": "けんぷ", "mn": "silk; silk cloth", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "絹糸", "rd": "きぬいと", "mn": "silk thread; silk yarn", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "絹織物", "rd": "きぬおりもの", "mn": "silk goods", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "尺", "g": 6, "o": 1025, "f": 1940, "j": null, "on": "シャク、セキ", "kun": "さし", "m": "shaku; Japanese foot; measure; scale; rule", "pm": "shaku", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}], "hc": "flag; stick", "hk": "shaku", "hs": "The key word <b>shaku</b> has actually come into English in the word <i><b>shaku</b> hachi</i>, the ancient Japanese flute that measured \"one <b>shaku</b> and eight <i>sun</i> \" (the \"sun\" being about an inch in length). Since the <b>shaku</b> is about one foot in length, this makes about 20 inches. Let the final sweeping stroke be like a tape measure added to the <i>flag</i>.", "ks": "R-rated term for blowjob.", "v": [{"w": "尺", "rd": "しゃく", "mn": "shaku (unit of distance approximately equal to 30.3 cm)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "尺八", "rd": "しゃくはち", "mn": "shakuhachi; end-blown fippleless bamboo flute", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "尺度", "rd": "しゃくど", "mn": "gauge; standard; measure; criterion; index", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巻尺", "rd": "まきじゃく", "mn": "tape measure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "縮尺", "rd": "しゅくしゃく", "mn": "reduced scale; scaling down", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "蚕", "g": 6, "o": 1026, "f": 2272, "j": null, "on": "サン、テン", "kun": "かいこ、こ", "m": "silkworm", "pm": "silkworm", "r": [{"c": "天", "nj": "テン", "ne": "heavens"}, {"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}], "hc": "heavens; insect", "hk": "silkworm", "hs": "<i>Heavens</i> . . . <i>insect</i>. Be sure to do something about the position of the two elements.", "ks": "There are no <i>insects</i> in <i>heaven</i> \\- well, that is, except for <b>silkworm</b> s. What, do you expect Jesus to import his fancy robes from China?", "v": [{"w": "蚕", "rd": "かいこ", "mn": "silkworm (Bombyx mori)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蚕糸", "rd": "さんし", "mn": "silk thread; silk yarn", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "養蚕", "rd": "ようさん", "mn": "sericulture; silkworm culture; silkworm raising", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "歳", "g": 8, "o": 1027, "f": 269, "j": null, "on": "サイ、セイ", "kun": "とし、とせ、よわい", "m": "year-end; age; occasion; opportunity", "pm": "year-end", "r": [{"c": "止", "nj": "とめる", "ne": "to stop"}, {"c": "戌", "nj": "ジュツ", "ne": "sign of the dog"}, {"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}], "hc": "year end; stop; footprint; one; little; small; march", "hk": "year-end", "hs": "<i>Stop</i> . . . <i>march</i> . . . <i>little</i>. Be sure not to forget that final dot in the element for <i>march</i>.", "ks": "At year-end , we stop for a small celebration before marching ahead into the new year.", "v": [{"w": "歳", "rd": "さい", "mn": "... years old; age (of) ...", "fr": 748}, {"w": "二十歳", "rd": "はたち", "mn": "20 years old", "fr": 8095}, {"w": "万歳", "rd": "ばんざい", "mn": "banzai; hurray; hurrah; hooray", "fr": 9973}, {"w": "何歳", "rd": "なんさい", "mn": "how old; what age", "fr": 10325}, {"w": "歳月", "rd": "さいげつ", "mn": "time; years", "fr": 15714}, {"w": "２０歳", "rd": "はたち", "mn": "20 years old", "fr": 18609}, {"w": "お歳暮", "rd": "おせいぼ", "mn": "year-end gift", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歳入", "rd": "さいにゅう", "mn": "annual revenue (government); annual income (government); budget receipts", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歳出", "rd": "さいしゅつ", "mn": "annual expenditure (of a state, organization, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歳暮", "rd": "せいぼ", "mn": "year-end gift", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歳末", "rd": "さいまつ", "mn": "year end", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 80, "rp": 28, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "企", "g": 8, "o": 1028, "f": 278, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "くわだ.てる、たくら.む", "m": "undertake; scheme; design; attempt; plan", "pm": "undertake", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "止", "nj": "とめる", "ne": "to stop"}], "hc": "umbrella; stop; footprint", "hk": "undertake", "hs": "To <b>undertake</b> a project is to take some idea floating in the air and <i>stop</i> it so that it can be brought down to earth and become a reality. Here we see some <b>undertaking</b> made to <i>stop</i> under a beach <i>umbrella</i>.", "ks": "Mary Poppins floated down with her <i>umbrella</i> to <b>undertake</b> the job of <i>stop</i> ping the children's misbehaving.", "v": [{"w": "企画", "rd": "きかく", "mn": "planning; plan; project; arrangements", "fr": 3731}, {"w": "企業", "rd": "きぎょう", "mn": "enterprise; business; company; corporation", "fr": 4615}, {"w": "企む", "rd": "たくらむ", "mn": "to scheme; to plan; to play a trick; to invent; to conspire; to frame up", "fr": 5239}, {"w": "企てる", "rd": "くわだてる", "mn": "to plan; to plot; to propose; to design; to intend; to contemplate", "fr": 11592}, {"w": "企み", "rd": "たくらみ", "mn": "plot; scheme; trick; design; intrigue; artifice; conspiracy", "fr": 12124}, {"w": "大企業", "rd": "だいきぎょう", "mn": "large company; large enterprise; large corporation", "fr": 16592}, {"w": "中小企業", "rd": "ちゅうしょうきぎょう", "mn": "small and medium-sized enterprises; small and medium-sized businesses", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "企図", "rd": "きと", "mn": "plan; project; scheme", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "企業家", "rd": "きぎょうか", "mn": "industrialist; entrepreneur", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "企画室", "rd": "きかくしつ", "mn": "planning office", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大手企業", "rd": "おおてきぎょう", "mn": "big corporation; major firm; leading company", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "日本企業", "rd": "にほんきぎょう", "mn": "Japanese company (business, firm)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "私企業", "rd": "しきぎょう", "mn": "private enterprise", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "経企庁", "rd": "けいきちょう", "mn": "Economic Planning Agency (1955-2001)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "経済企画庁", "rd": "けいざいきかくちょう", "mn": "Economic Planning Agency (1955-2001)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "藤", "g": 8, "o": 1029, "f": 291, "j": null, "on": "トウ、ドウ", "kun": "ふじ", "m": "wisteria", "pm": "wisteria", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "滕", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "rising water"}], "hc": "flowers; edam; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; quarter; grains of rice", "hk": "wisteria", "hs": "Flower . . . moon . . . quarter . . . rice grains.", "ks": "According to legend, the great Ogaki <b>wisteria</b> tree grew and <i>flowered</i> from magical <i>rice grains</i> that were planted under the <i>quarter</i> <i>moon</i>.", "v": [{"w": "葛藤", "rd": "かっとう", "mn": "conflict; complication; troubles; discord", "fr": 7783}, {"w": "藤", "rd": "ふじ", "mn": "wisteria (esp. Japanese wisteria, Wisteria floribunda); wistaria", "fr": 16761}], "p": null}, {"k": "沢", "g": 8, "o": 1030, "f": 296, "j": null, "on": "タク", "kun": "さわ、うるお.い、うるお.す、つや", "m": "swamp; marsh; brilliance; grace", "pm": "swamp", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "尺", "nj": "シャク", "ne": "shaku"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; shaku-hachi; flag; stick", "hk": "swamp", "hs": "Water . . . shakuhachi.", "ks": "You're hiding from the enemy underwater in a <b>swamp</b>. To breathe, you have your <i>shakuhachi</i> flute poking up through the surface of the <i>water</i>.", "v": [{"w": "贅沢", "rd": "ぜいたく", "mn": "luxury; extravagance", "fr": 4623}, {"w": "沢山", "rd": "たくさん", "mn": "a lot; lots; plenty; many; a large number; much; a great deal; a good deal", "fr": 7033}, {"w": "光沢", "rd": "こうたく", "mn": "brilliance; polish; lustre; luster; glossy finish", "fr": 16505}, {"w": "沢", "rd": "さわ", "mn": "mountain stream; valley; dale", "fr": 17920}, {"w": "沼沢", "rd": "しょうたく", "mn": "marsh; swamp; bog", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "与", "g": 8, "o": 1031, "f": 308, "j": null, "on": "ヨ", "kun": "あた.える、あずか.る、くみ.する、ともに", "m": "bestow; participate in; give; award; impart; provide; cause; gift; godsend", "pm": "bestow", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}], "hc": "slingshot; catapult; one", "hk": "bestow", "hs": "<i>Slingshot</i> . . . <i>one</i>. Later we shall learn the character for <i>give</i> (Frame 2046), but even so, it is a good idea already at this point to distinguish this key word from <i>impart</i> (Frame 795) and <i>grant</i> (Frame 1131).", "ks": "High 5! And bestow me one low!", "v": [{"w": "与える", "rd": "あたえる", "mn": "to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to grant; to confer; to pr", "fr": 715}, {"w": "関与", "rd": "かんよ", "mn": "participation; taking part in; participating in; being concerned in", "fr": 7984}, {"w": "参与", "rd": "さんよ", "mn": "participation; taking part", "fr": 16280}, {"w": "付与", "rd": "ふよ", "mn": "grant; allowance; endowment; bestowal; assignment; conferment", "fr": 17408}, {"w": "投与", "rd": "とうよ", "mn": "administration (of medicine); giving medication", "fr": 17810}, {"w": "授与", "rd": "じゅよ", "mn": "awarding; conferment; granting; presentation", "fr": 23867}, {"w": "与党", "rd": "よとう", "mn": "ruling party; government party; party in power; government", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "寄与", "rd": "きよ", "mn": "contribution; service", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "給与", "rd": "きゅうよ", "mn": "pay; salary; wages", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "与野党", "rd": "よやとう", "mn": "ruling and opposition parties; parties in and out of power", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "供与", "rd": "きょうよ", "mn": "giving; provision; furnishing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貸与", "rd": "たいよ", "mn": "loan; lending", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賞与", "rd": "しょうよ", "mn": "bonus", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "贈与", "rd": "ぞうよ", "mn": "donation; presentation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 108, "rp": 10, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "援", "g": 8, "o": 1032, "f": 312, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "", "m": "abet; help; save", "pm": "abet", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "爰", "nj": "エン", "ne": "lead on to"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; migrating ducks; claw; vulture; one; friend", "hk": "abet", "hs": "Fingers . . . migrating ducks.", "ks": "You <b>abet</b> the escape of migrating ducks by pointing them the way.", "v": [{"w": "応援", "rd": "おうえん", "mn": "aid; assistance; help; support; reinforcement", "fr": 1116}, {"w": "支援", "rd": "しえん", "mn": "support; backing; aid; assistance", "fr": 4952}, {"w": "援護", "rd": "えんご", "mn": "support; help; backing", "fr": 7624}, {"w": "援助", "rd": "えんじょ", "mn": "assistance; aid; support", "fr": 9538}, {"w": "声援", "rd": "せいえん", "mn": "(shout of) encouragement; cheering; rooting; support", "fr": 11645}, {"w": "援軍", "rd": "えんぐん", "mn": "reinforcement", "fr": 12822}, {"w": "救援", "rd": "きゅうえん", "mn": "relief; rescue", "fr": 14394}, {"w": "後援", "rd": "こうえん", "mn": "support; backing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "援助交際", "rd": "えんじょこうさい", "mn": "paid dating (esp. with an underage girl; oft. involving selling of sex); compens", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "義援金", "rd": "ぎえんきん", "mn": "donation money (esp. disaster relief or charity); contribution", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "施", "g": 8, "o": 1033, "f": 323, "j": null, "on": "シ、セ", "kun": "ほどこ.す", "m": "give; bestow; perform; alms", "pm": "give", "r": [{"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}, {"c": "也", "nj": "ヤ", "ne": "to be (classical)"}], "hc": "banner; direction; compass; direction; reclining; lying down; scorpion", "hk": "alms", "hs": "Banner . . . scorpion.", "ks": "Under their <i>banner</i> , volunteers are requesting <b>alms</b> for <i>scorpion</i> sting victims.", "v": [{"w": "施設", "rd": "しせつ", "mn": "facility; facilities; institution; establishment", "fr": 2619}, {"w": "施す", "rd": "ほどこす", "mn": "to give (time, money, goods); to donate", "fr": 4335}, {"w": "実施", "rd": "じっし", "mn": "enforcement; implementation; putting into practice; carrying out; operation; wor", "fr": 12121}, {"w": "施行", "rd": "しこう", "mn": "putting in force (a law); putting into operation; putting into effect; enforceme", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "布施", "rd": "ふせ", "mn": "alms-giving; charity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "施工", "rd": "せこう", "mn": "construction; constructing; carrying out; work; formation; workmanship; executio", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "施政", "rd": "しせい", "mn": "government; administration; statesmanship", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "施策", "rd": "しさく", "mn": "policy; measure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "防衛施設庁", "rd": "ぼうえいしせつちょう", "mn": "(Japanese) Defense Facilities Administration Agency (Defence)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "違", "g": 8, "o": 1034, "f": 344, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "ちが.う、ちが.い、ちが.える、-ちが.える、たが.う、たが.える", "m": "difference; differ", "pm": "difference", "r": [{"c": "韋", "nj": "なめしがわ", "ne": "leather"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "locket; stick; key; mouth; monocle; sunglasses with one lens missing; road", "hk": "difference", "hs": "Locket . . . road.", "ks": "An odd version of The Road Less Traveled: \"I found a locket in the road , and that has made all the difference.\".", "v": [{"w": "違う", "rd": "ちがう", "mn": "to differ (from); to be different; to be distinct; to be unlike; to vary; to dis", "fr": 116}, {"w": "間違う", "rd": "まちがう", "mn": "to be mistaken; to be incorrect; to be wrong", "fr": 819}, {"w": "間違い", "rd": "まちがい", "mn": "mistake; error; blunder", "fr": 929}, {"w": "間違いない", "rd": "まちがいない", "mn": "certain; sure; no doubt", "fr": 1034}, {"w": "勘違い", "rd": "かんちがい", "mn": "misunderstanding; mistaken idea; wrong guess", "fr": 1077}, {"w": "間違える", "rd": "まちがえる", "mn": "to make a mistake (in); to commit an error; to get wrong; to do incorrectly", "fr": 1107}, {"w": "違い", "rd": "ちがい", "mn": "difference; distinction; discrepancy", "fr": 1480}, {"w": "違いない", "rd": "ちがいない", "mn": "sure; no mistaking it; for certain; without doubt", "fr": 1911}, {"w": "違和感", "rd": "いわかん", "mn": "uncomfortable feeling; feeling out of place; sense of discomfort", "fr": 2810}, {"w": "違反", "rd": "いはん", "mn": "violation; offense; offence; breach; transgression; infringement; contravention", "fr": 4894}, {"w": "人違い", "rd": "ひとちがい", "mn": "mistaking one person for another; (case of) mistaken identity", "fr": 8288}, {"w": "場違い", "rd": "ばちがい", "mn": "out-of-place; inappropriate; sticking out like a sore thumb", "fr": 9367}, {"w": "違法", "rd": "いほう", "mn": "illegal; illicit; unlawful", "fr": 9712}, {"w": "見違える", "rd": "みちがえる", "mn": "to mistake (for something or someone else); to be unable to recognize", "fr": 12752}, {"w": "相違", "rd": "そうい", "mn": "difference; discrepancy; variation", "fr": 16740}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 110, "rp": 20, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "鮮", "g": 8, "o": 1035, "f": 355, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "あざ.やか", "m": "fresh; vivid; clear; brilliant; Korea", "pm": "fresh", "r": [{"c": "魚", "nj": "うお", "ne": "fish"}, {"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}], "hc": "fish; bound up; rice field; brains; oven-fire; barbecue; sheep", "hk": "fresh", "hs": "Fish . . . sheep.", "ks": "The <b>fresh</b> est <i>fish</i> is caught in the middle of the night while most people are \"counting <i>sheep</i>.\" (If you've ever been to Tsukiji fish market, you know what I mean).", "v": [{"w": "新鮮", "rd": "しんせん", "mn": "fresh", "fr": 2997}, {"w": "鮮やか", "rd": "あざやか", "mn": "vivid; bright; brilliant; clear; fresh; vibrant", "fr": 5112}, {"w": "鮮明", "rd": "せんめい", "mn": "vivid; clear; distinct", "fr": 7207}, {"w": "鮮烈", "rd": "せんれつ", "mn": "vivid; striking", "fr": 16625}, {"w": "北朝鮮", "rd": "きたちょうせん", "mn": "North Korea", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "朝鮮", "rd": "ちょうせん", "mn": "Korea", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "朝鮮半島", "rd": "ちょうせんはんとう", "mn": "Korean peninsula", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "朝鮮民主主義人民共和国", "rd": "ちょうせんみんしゅしゅぎじんみんきょうわこく", "mn": "Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea); DPRK", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "生鮮", "rd": "せいせん", "mn": "fresh", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鮮度", "rd": "せんど", "mn": "(degree of) freshness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鮮魚", "rd": "せんぎょ", "mn": "fresh fish", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "監", "g": 8, "o": 1036, "f": 408, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "", "m": "oversee; official; govt office; rule; administer", "pm": "oversee", "r": [{"c": "臣", "nj": "しん", "ne": "retainer"}, {"c": "皿", "nj": "さら", "ne": "plate"}], "hc": "retainer; slave; reclining; lying down; one; floor; dish", "hk": "oversee", "hs": "Slaves . . . reclining . . . floor/one . . . dish.", "ks": "The slavetrader <b>oversees</b> the slaves washing <i>dishes</i> int he kitchen. No <i>reclining</i> on the <i>floor</i>!", "v": [{"w": "監視", "rd": "かんし", "mn": "monitoring; watching; observation; surveillance; guarding; supervision; lookout", "fr": 2480}, {"w": "監督", "rd": "かんとく", "mn": "supervision; control; superintendence; direction", "fr": 3966}, {"w": "監禁", "rd": "かんきん", "mn": "confinement; imprisonment; incarceration", "fr": 8144}, {"w": "監獄", "rd": "かんごく", "mn": "prison", "fr": 18894}, {"w": "監修", "rd": "かんしゅう", "mn": "(editorial) supervision; general editorship", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "監察", "rd": "かんさつ", "mn": "inspection; inspector", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "監査", "rd": "かんさ", "mn": "inspection; audit; judgement; judgment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "監査役", "rd": "かんさやく", "mn": "auditor; inspector", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "監理", "rd": "かんり", "mn": "superintendence; supervision; administration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "総監", "rd": "そうかん", "mn": "inspector general; commissioner", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "環", "g": 8, "o": 1037, "f": 409, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "わ", "m": "ring; circle; loop", "pm": "ring", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "睘", "nj": "", "ne": "round"}], "hc": "king; jewel; ball; trampoline; eye; cross-eyed; net; one; ceiling; mouth; scarf", "hk": "ring", "hs": "<i>Jewel</i> . . . <i>eye</i> . . . <i>ceiling</i> . . . <i>mouth</i> . . . <i>scarf</i>. The number of elements is large here, so take extra care. Learn it in conjunction with the next frame, since these are the only two cases in this book where the combination of elements to the right appears.", "ks": "The Saudi woman accepted the marriage ring , though it meant lowering her eyes to the floor and covering her mouth with a scarf.", "v": [{"w": "環境", "rd": "かんきょう", "mn": "environment; surroundings; circumstances", "fr": 2095}, {"w": "一環", "rd": "いっかん", "mn": "link (e.g. in a chain of events); part (of a plan, campaign, activities, etc.)", "fr": 6029}, {"w": "循環", "rd": "じゅんかん", "mn": "circulation; rotation; cycle; loop", "fr": 15558}, {"w": "作業環境", "rd": "さぎょうかんきょう", "mn": "work environment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "循環器", "rd": "じゅんかんき", "mn": "circulatory organ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "悪循環", "rd": "あくじゅんかん", "mn": "vicious circle; vicious cycle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "推奨環境", "rd": "すいしょうかんきょう", "mn": "system requirements (i.e. recommended hardware and software to run a package)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "環境保護", "rd": "かんきょうほご", "mn": "environmental protection", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "環境問題", "rd": "かんきょうもんだい", "mn": "environmental problem; environmental issue", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "環境庁", "rd": "かんきょうちょう", "mn": "Environment Agency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "環状", "rd": "かんじょう", "mn": "annulation; ring shape; loop shape", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "環礁", "rd": "かんしょう", "mn": "atoll; circular coral reef", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自然環境", "rd": "しぜんかんきょう", "mn": "natural environment; (the) environment", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "審", "g": 8, "o": 1038, "f": 412, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "つまび.らか、つぶさ.に", "m": "hearing; judge; trial", "pm": "hearing", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "番", "nj": "バン", "ne": "turn"}], "hc": "house; dice; animal tracks; drop; rice; rice field; brains", "hk": "hearing", "hs": "The <b>hearing</b> referred to in this character relates to trials in the courts. The elements: <i>house</i> . . . <i>dice</i>.", "ks": "In the court house the judge decides your hearing with a roll of the dice.", "v": [{"w": "不審", "rd": "ふしん", "mn": "doubt; suspicion; question; strangeness", "fr": 3934}, {"w": "審査", "rd": "しんさ", "mn": "judging; inspection; examination; investigation; review", "fr": 7865}, {"w": "審判", "rd": "しんぱん", "mn": "judgement; judgment; decision; verdict; sentence", "fr": 9903}, {"w": "審議", "rd": "しんぎ", "mn": "deliberation; discussion; consideration", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一審", "rd": "いっしん", "mn": "first instance; first trial", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "主審", "rd": "しゅしん", "mn": "chief umpire; referee (soccer, boxing, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "再審", "rd": "さいしん", "mn": "retrial; reopening of a case", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塁審", "rd": "るいしん", "mn": "base umpire", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "審問", "rd": "しんもん", "mn": "trial; hearing; inquiry; examination; interrogation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "審理", "rd": "しんり", "mn": "trial", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陪審", "rd": "ばいしん", "mn": "jury", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "欧", "g": 8, "o": 1039, "f": 421, "j": null, "on": "オウ", "kun": "うた.う、は.く", "m": "Europe", "pm": "Europe", "r": [{"c": "区", "nj": "ク", "ne": "ward"}, {"c": "欠", "nj": "あくび", "ne": "to lack"}], "hc": "europe; ward; box; sheaf; lack; yawn", "hk": "Europe", "hs": "<i>Ward</i> . . . <i>yawn</i>. Like the kanji of frame 1776, this character is an abbreviation of the name of a geographical region.", "ks": "\" <b>Europe</b>? <i>Yawn…</i> I've been to every <i>ward</i> (country/area),\" says <i>Wolverine</i> interviewed from his <i>cardboard box</i>.", "v": [{"w": "欧米", "rd": "おうべい", "mn": "Europe and the United States; Europe and America; the West", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "中欧", "rd": "ちゅうおう", "mn": "Central Europe", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "北欧", "rd": "ほくおう", "mn": "Northern Europe; Nordic countries; Scandinavia", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "東欧", "rd": "とうおう", "mn": "Eastern Europe", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "欧州", "rd": "おうしゅう", "mn": "Europe", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "西欧", "rd": "せいおう", "mn": "Western Europe", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "訪欧", "rd": "ほうおう", "mn": "visit to Europe; visiting Europe", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "訴", "g": 8, "o": 1040, "f": 427, "j": null, "on": "ソ", "kun": "うった.える", "m": "accusation; sue; complain of pain; appeal to", "pm": "accusation", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "斥", "nj": "セキ", "ne": "reject"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; reject; axe; drop", "hk": "accusation", "hs": "Words . . . reject.", "ks": "Words that make you feel rejected.", "v": [{"w": "訴える", "rd": "うったえる", "mn": "to raise; to bring to (someone's attention)", "fr": 2254}, {"w": "訴え", "rd": "うったえ", "mn": "lawsuit; complaint", "fr": 12619}, {"w": "訴訟", "rd": "そしょう", "mn": "lawsuit; suit; (legal) action; litigation", "fr": 22400}, {"w": "起訴", "rd": "きそ", "mn": "prosecution; indictment", "fr": 24417}, {"w": "不起訴", "rd": "ふきそ", "mn": "nonprosecution; nonindictment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公訴", "rd": "こうそ", "mn": "(public) prosecution; indictment; accusation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "勝訴", "rd": "しょうそ", "mn": "winning a (legal) case; victory (in a legal case)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "告訴", "rd": "こくそ", "mn": "accusation; complaint; charge; suit; legal action; legal proceedings", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "控訴", "rd": "こうそ", "mn": "appeal to a higher court; intermediate appeal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "提訴", "rd": "ていそ", "mn": "presenting a case; suing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "敗訴", "rd": "はいそ", "mn": "loss of a (legal) case", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "行政訴訟", "rd": "ぎょうせいそしょう", "mn": "administrative litigation (action)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "訴状", "rd": "そじょう", "mn": "petition; complaint; (legal) brief", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "訴追", "rd": "そつい", "mn": "prosecution; indictment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "起訴猶予", "rd": "きそゆうよ", "mn": "suspension of indictment; leaving charge on the file", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "被", "g": 8, "o": 1041, "f": 431, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "こうむ.る、おお.う、かぶ.る、かぶ.せる", "m": "incur; cover; veil; brood over; shelter; wear; put on; be exposed (film); receiving", "pm": "incur", "r": [{"c": "衤", "nj": "ころもへん", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "皮", "nj": "けがわ", "ne": "skin"}], "hc": "cloak; pelt; branch; ten; needle; crotch; hook", "hk": "incur", "hs": "Cloak . . . pelt.", "ks": "If you wear a coat of fur (pelt) you are sure to <b>incur</b> the wrath of animal rights extremists.", "v": [{"w": "被害", "rd": "ひがい", "mn": "(suffering) damage; injury; harm", "fr": 2552}, {"w": "被害者", "rd": "ひがいしゃ", "mn": "victim; injured party; sufferer", "fr": 2571}, {"w": "被る", "rd": "かぶる", "mn": "to put on (one's head); to wear; to have on; to pull over (one's head); to crown", "fr": 4977}, {"w": "被せる", "rd": "かぶせる", "mn": "to cover (with something)", "fr": 12167}, {"w": "被疑者", "rd": "ひぎしゃ", "mn": "suspect", "fr": 21155}, {"w": "被告人", "rd": "ひこくにん", "mn": "accused; defendant; prisoner at the bar", "fr": 23476}, {"w": "被保険者", "rd": "ひほけんしゃ", "mn": "insured person", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "被写体", "rd": "ひしゃたい", "mn": "(photographic) subject", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "被告", "rd": "ひこく", "mn": "defendant; the accused", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "被服", "rd": "ひふく", "mn": "clothing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "被災", "rd": "ひさい", "mn": "suffering (from a disaster); being hit (by an earthquake, typhoon, etc.); fallin", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "被災者", "rd": "ひさいしゃ", "mn": "person affected by a disaster; afflicted person; victim; sufferer; survivor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "被爆", "rd": "ひばく", "mn": "being bombed", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "韓", "g": 8, "o": 1042, "f": 445, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "から、いげた", "m": "Korea", "pm": "Korea", "r": [{"c": "韋", "nj": "なめしがわ", "ne": "leather"}], "hc": "korea; mist; ten; needle; early; sun; day; locket; stick; key; mouth; monocle; sunglasses with one lens missing", "hk": "Korea", "hs": "As with <i>Italy</i> (Frame 1245) and <i>Africa</i> (Frame 1391), this character simply abbreviates the full name of <i>Korea</i>. Its elements: <i>mist</i> . . . <i>locket</i>.", "ks": "Kim Jong II gets all misty eyed when he looks at the locket of his departed mother, I’m rone-ry, so rone-ry (from team America).", "v": [{"w": "韓国", "rd": "かんこく", "mn": "South Korea; Republic of Korea", "fr": 17047}, {"w": "日韓", "rd": "にっかん", "mn": "Japan and South Korea; Japanese-Korean", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "韓国語", "rd": "かんこくご", "mn": "Korean (language; esp. as spoken in South Korea)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "渡", "g": 8, "o": 1043, "f": 446, "j": null, "on": "ト", "kun": "わた.る、-わた.る、わた.す", "m": "transit; ford; ferry; cross; import; deliver; diameter; migrate", "pm": "transit", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "度", "nj": "ド", "ne": "degrees"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; degrees; caverns; cave; twenty; crotch", "hk": "transit", "hs": "Water . . . degrees.", "ks": "This particular form of <b>transit</b> is a ferry (one of the actual meanings of this character). Naturally it can only cross the <i>water</i> if it's not frozen, so the temperature must be above 0 <i>degrees</i>.", "v": [{"w": "渡す", "rd": "わたす", "mn": "to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to traverse", "fr": 486}, {"w": "渡る", "rd": "わたる", "mn": "to cross over; to go across", "fr": 2115}, {"w": "見渡す", "rd": "みわたす", "mn": "to look out over; to survey (scene); to take an extensive view of", "fr": 5467}, {"w": "手渡す", "rd": "てわたす", "mn": "to hand (over); to deliver in person", "fr": 5619}, {"w": "引き渡す", "rd": "ひきわたす", "mn": "to deliver; to extradite; to stretch across; to hand over", "fr": 8612}, {"w": "渡し", "rd": "わたし", "mn": "ferry (crossing); ferry(boat)", "fr": 11719}, {"w": "譲渡", "rd": "じょうと", "mn": "transfer; assignment; conveyance", "fr": 12408}, {"w": "言い渡す", "rd": "いいわたす", "mn": "to announce; to tell; to sentence; to order", "fr": 12953}, {"w": "行き渡る", "rd": "いきわたる", "mn": "to diffuse; to spread throughout; to prevail; to become widespread; to reach eve", "fr": 14521}, {"w": "渡り", "rd": "わたり", "mn": "crossing; passage; transit", "fr": 17172}, {"w": "受け渡し", "rd": "うけわたし", "mn": "delivery; transfer; hand-over", "fr": 20596}, {"w": "綱渡り", "rd": "つなわたり", "mn": "tightrope walking; high-wire act; funambulism", "fr": 22111}, {"w": "引き渡し", "rd": "ひきわたし", "mn": "delivery; handing over; turning over; extradition", "fr": 23531}, {"w": "橋渡し", "rd": "はしわたし", "mn": "mediation; good offices; go-between; intermediary; mediator; bridge (between)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "渡り鳥", "rd": "わたりどり", "mn": "migratory bird; bird of passage", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 52, "rp": 43, "l": 8, "n": "波動家"}}, {"k": "影", "g": 8, "o": 1044, "f": 464, "j": null, "on": "エイ", "kun": "かげ", "m": "shadow; silhouette; phantom", "pm": "shadow", "r": [{"c": "景", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "scenery"}, {"c": "彡", "nj": "さんづくり", "ne": "hair-style"}], "hc": "scenery; sun; day; capital; tall; top hat; mouth; small; little; shape", "hk": "shadow", "hs": "Scenery . . . shape.", "ks": "The <i>sun</i> over the <i>capital</i> cast a <b>shadow</b> with the same <i>shape</i>.", "v": [{"w": "影響", "rd": "えいきょう", "mn": "influence; effect; impact", "fr": 1300}, {"w": "影", "rd": "かげ", "mn": "shadow; silhouette; figure; shape", "fr": 1720}, {"w": "撮影", "rd": "さつえい", "mn": "photography (still or motion); photographing; filming; shooting; (video) recordi", "fr": 2804}, {"w": "人影", "rd": "ひとかげ", "mn": "figure of a person; figures of people", "fr": 4924}, {"w": "遺影", "rd": "いえい", "mn": "portrait of a deceased person", "fr": 5315}, {"w": "面影", "rd": "おもかげ", "mn": "face; looks; countenance", "fr": 7402}, {"w": "影響力", "rd": "えいきょうりょく", "mn": "influence; clout; leverage", "fr": 9923}, {"w": "幻影", "rd": "げんえい", "mn": "phantom; vision; illusion", "fr": 12061}, {"w": "悪影響", "rd": "あくえいきょう", "mn": "bad influence; negative influence", "fr": 15698}, {"w": "投影", "rd": "とうえい", "mn": "projection (of a shadow); casting (a reflection); reflection; cast shadow", "fr": 16260}, {"w": "写真撮影", "rd": "しゃしんさつえい", "mn": "photography; taking photographs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "影の内閣", "rd": "かげのないかく", "mn": "shadow cabinet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "影絵", "rd": "かげえ", "mn": "shadow picture; silhouette; shadowgraph", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "含", "g": 8, "o": 1045, "f": 466, "j": null, "on": "ガン", "kun": "ふく.む、ふく.める", "m": "contain; include; hold in the mouth; bear in mind; understand; cherish", "pm": "contain", "r": [{"c": "今", "nj": "コン", "ne": "now"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "now; clock; mouth", "hk": "include", "hs": "Clock . . . mouth.", "ks": "Batteries include d with this clock. Open the mouth at the back and insert them after purchase.", "v": [{"w": "含める", "rd": "ふくめる", "mn": "to include (in a group or scope)", "fr": 1888}, {"w": "含む", "rd": "ふくむ", "mn": "to contain; to comprise; to have; to hold; to include; to embrace", "fr": 3169}, {"w": "含み", "rd": "ふくみ", "mn": "implication; hidden meaning; latitude; atmosphere; tone; sentiment; inclusion", "fr": 13954}, {"w": "包含", "rd": "ほうがん", "mn": "inclusion; comprehension; implication; containing; covering", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "含有", "rd": "がんゆう", "mn": "containing (an ingredient, mineral, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "含蓄", "rd": "がんちく", "mn": "implication; significance; connotation; depth of meaning; complications of a pro", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "撃", "g": 8, "o": 1046, "f": 473, "j": null, "on": "ゲキ", "kun": "う.つ", "m": "beat; attack; defeat; conquer", "pm": "beat", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}, {"c": "手", "nj": "て", "ne": "hand"}], "hc": "tank; car; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch; hand", "hk": "beat", "hs": "Car . . . missile . . . hand.", "ks": "Your car has missles?! That <b>beat</b> s mine, hands down.", "v": [{"w": "攻撃", "rd": "こうげき", "mn": "attack; assault; raid; onslaught; offensive", "fr": 1349}, {"w": "衝撃", "rd": "しょうげき", "mn": "impact; shock; impulse", "fr": 1956}, {"w": "撃つ", "rd": "うつ", "mn": "to shoot (a gun, person, etc.); to fire", "fr": 2060}, {"w": "一撃", "rd": "いちげき", "mn": "one blow; one hit; one stroke", "fr": 3469}, {"w": "目撃", "rd": "もくげき", "mn": "witnessing; observing; sighting", "fr": 3498}, {"w": "反撃", "rd": "はんげき", "mn": "counterattack; counteroffensive; counterblow", "fr": 4090}, {"w": "襲撃", "rd": "しゅうげき", "mn": "(surprise) attack; assault; raid; charge", "fr": 4685}, {"w": "直撃", "rd": "ちょくげき", "mn": "direct hit", "fr": 5940}, {"w": "打撃", "rd": "だげき", "mn": "blow; shock; strike; damage", "fr": 8926}, {"w": "追撃", "rd": "ついげき", "mn": "pursuit (of a fleeing enemy); chase; follow-up attack", "fr": 9989}, {"w": "迎え撃つ", "rd": "むかえうつ", "mn": "to meet (the enemy) and attack; to engage (the approaching enemy); to confront; ", "fr": 10208}, {"w": "迎撃", "rd": "げいげき", "mn": "intercept; interception; counter-attack", "fr": 10923}, {"w": "射撃", "rd": "しゃげき", "mn": "firing; shooting; fire; gunshot; marksmanship", "fr": 10927}, {"w": "電撃", "rd": "でんげき", "mn": "electric shock", "fr": 11309}, {"w": "出撃", "rd": "しゅつげき", "mn": "sortie; sally; attack", "fr": 13001}], "p": null}, {"k": "核", "g": 8, "o": 1047, "f": 475, "j": null, "on": "カク", "kun": "", "m": "nucleus; core; kernel", "pm": "nucleus", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "亥", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "sign of the hog"}], "hc": "tree; wood; sign of the hog; acorn; top hat", "hk": "nucleus", "hs": "Tree . . . acorn.", "ks": "The <b>nucleus</b> of an oak TREE is an ACORN.", "v": [{"w": "核", "rd": "かく", "mn": "stone (of a fruit); pit; pip", "fr": 9174}, {"w": "核心", "rd": "かくしん", "mn": "core; heart (of the matter); point; crux; kernel", "fr": 11978}, {"w": "中核", "rd": "ちゅうかく", "mn": "kernel; core; nucleus; center; centre", "fr": 24521}, {"w": "結核", "rd": "けっかく", "mn": "tuberculosis; TB", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "原子核", "rd": "げんしかく", "mn": "nucleus; atomic nucleus", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核兵器", "rd": "かくへいき", "mn": "nuclear weapon", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核分裂", "rd": "かくぶんれつ", "mn": "nuclear fission", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核実験", "rd": "かくじっけん", "mn": "nuclear (bomb) test", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核家族", "rd": "かくかぞく", "mn": "nuclear family", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核弾頭", "rd": "かくだんとう", "mn": "nuclear warhead", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核武装", "rd": "かくぶそう", "mn": "nuclear arms", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核燃料", "rd": "かくねんりょう", "mn": "nuclear fuel", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核融合", "rd": "かくゆうごう", "mn": "nuclear fusion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核酸", "rd": "かくさん", "mn": "nucleic acid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "肺結核", "rd": "はいけっかく", "mn": "pulmonary tuberculosis", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "融", "g": 8, "o": 1048, "f": 481, "j": null, "on": "ユウ", "kun": "と.ける、と.かす", "m": "dissolve; melt", "pm": "dissolve", "r": [{"c": "鬲", "nj": "れき", "ne": "tripod"}, {"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}], "hc": "tripod; one; ceiling; mouth; hood; human legs; street; nail; spike; insect", "hk": "dissolve", "hs": "<i>Ceiling</i> . . . <i>mouth</i> . . . <i>hood</i> . . . <i>human legs</i> . . . <i>spike</i> . . . <i>insect</i>. This is the maximum number of elements <i>to appear in</i> any story in the book.", "ks": "Just one single mouthful of cola has enough acidic power to dissolve 4 nails and one large live insect! Gross! (Not actually true, but meh…).", "v": [{"w": "融合", "rd": "ゆうごう", "mn": "agglutination; adhesion; fusion; combination; blending; uniting", "fr": 9561}, {"w": "融通", "rd": "ゆうずう", "mn": "lending (money, commodities, etc.); finance; loan", "fr": 11940}, {"w": "融資", "rd": "ゆうし", "mn": "financing; loan", "fr": 20513}, {"w": "金融", "rd": "きんゆう", "mn": "finance; financing; credit transacting; loaning of money; circulation of money", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "投融資", "rd": "とうゆうし", "mn": "investment and lending", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "核融合", "rd": "かくゆうごう", "mn": "nuclear fusion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "融和", "rd": "ゆうわ", "mn": "harmony; reconciliation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "財政投融資", "rd": "ざいせいとうゆうし", "mn": "Fiscal Investment and Loan Program; FILP", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "金融市場", "rd": "きんゆうしじょう", "mn": "financial market; money market", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "金融庁", "rd": "きんゆうちょう", "mn": "Financial Services Agency; FSA", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "金融機関", "rd": "きんゆうきかん", "mn": "financial institutions; banking facilities", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "況", "g": 8, "o": 1049, "f": 490, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "まし.て、いわ.んや、おもむき", "m": "condition; situation", "pm": "condition", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "兄", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "elder brother"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; elder brother; teenager; mouth; human legs", "hk": "but of course", "hs": "This key word is a connector used to link contrasting phrase sand sentences together with much the same flavor as the English phrase <b>but of course</b>. Just picture yourself ready to go off on your first date as a <i>teenager</i> , and having your mother grill you about your manners and ask you embarrassing questions about your hygiene. \"Did you have a good shower?\" \" <b>But of course</b> ,\" you reply, annoyed. So <i>water</i> and <i>teenager</i> combine to give us <b>but of course</b>.", "ks": "A wet teenager is good , but of course it is illegal.", "v": [{"w": "状況", "rd": "じょうきょう", "mn": "state of affairs; situation; conditions; circumstances", "fr": 537}, {"w": "戦況", "rd": "せんきょう", "mn": "war situation; progress of a battle", "fr": 12625}, {"w": "実況", "rd": "じっきょう", "mn": "actual state (of things); actual conditions; actual scene", "fr": 13514}, {"w": "近況", "rd": "きんきょう", "mn": "recent state; present state; present condition; current status; current circumst", "fr": 18534}, {"w": "盛況", "rd": "せいきょう", "mn": "success; boom; being well-attended (of an event); prosperity", "fr": 20184}, {"w": "不況", "rd": "ふきょう", "mn": "(economic) depression; recession; slump", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "好況", "rd": "こうきょう", "mn": "prosperous (economic) conditions; favourable conditions; (economic) boom; thrivi", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "作況指数", "rd": "さっきょうしすう", "mn": "rice-crop index", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "市況", "rd": "しきょう", "mn": "market conditions", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "概況", "rd": "がいきょう", "mn": "outlook; general situation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "活況", "rd": "かっきょう", "mn": "activity; briskness; prosperity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "状況報告", "rd": "じょうきょうほうこく", "mn": "situation report; status report; progress report", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "現況", "rd": "げんきょう", "mn": "present condition", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "渉", "g": 8, "o": 1050, "f": 499, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "わた.る", "m": "ford; go cross; transit; ferry; import; involve", "pm": "ford", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "歩", "nj": "ホ", "ne": "walk"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; walk; stop; footprint; few", "hk": "ford", "hs": "To <b>ford</b> a body of <i>water</i> means to <i>walk</i> across it.", "ks": "Ford ing is simply walking through water.", "v": [{"w": "交渉", "rd": "こうしょう", "mn": "negotiations; bargaining; discussions; talks", "fr": 3012}, {"w": "干渉", "rd": "かんしょう", "mn": "interference; intervention; meddling", "fr": 5270}, {"w": "渉外", "rd": "しょうがい", "mn": "public relations; client liaison; client relations", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "響", "g": 8, "o": 1051, "f": 502, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "ひび.く", "m": "echo; sound; resound; ring; vibrate", "pm": "echo", "r": [{"c": "郷", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "home town"}, {"c": "音", "nj": "おと", "ne": "sound"}], "hc": "home town; cocoon; silver; city walls; sound; vase; stand up; sun; day; tongue wagging", "hk": "echo", "hs": "Hometown . . . sound.", "ks": "My hometown is a ghost town, any sounds echo es and echo es.", "v": [{"w": "影響", "rd": "えいきょう", "mn": "influence; effect; impact", "fr": 1300}, {"w": "響く", "rd": "ひびく", "mn": "to resound; to be heard far away", "fr": 1985}, {"w": "響き", "rd": "ひびき", "mn": "echo; reverberation", "fr": 4215}, {"w": "反響", "rd": "はんきょう", "mn": "echo; reverberation", "fr": 8084}, {"w": "影響力", "rd": "えいきょうりょく", "mn": "influence; clout; leverage", "fr": 9923}, {"w": "悪影響", "rd": "あくえいきょう", "mn": "bad influence; negative influence", "fr": 15698}, {"w": "音響", "rd": "おんきょう", "mn": "sound; noise; audio; acoustics; reverberation", "fr": 22282}, {"w": "交響曲", "rd": "こうきょうきょく", "mn": "symphony", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "交響楽団", "rd": "こうきょうがくだん", "mn": "symphony orchestra", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "突", "g": 8, "o": 1052, "f": 521, "j": null, "on": "トツ、カ", "kun": "つ.く", "m": "stab; protruding; thrust; pierce; prick; collision; sudden", "pm": "stab", "r": [{"c": "穴", "nj": "あな", "ne": "hole"}, {"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}], "hc": "hole; house; human legs; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "stab", "hs": "Hole . . . St. Bernard dog.", "ks": "When you <b>stab</b> something you often leave a big hole.", "v": [{"w": "突然", "rd": "とつぜん", "mn": "abrupt; sudden; unexpected", "fr": 609}, {"w": "突く", "rd": "つく", "mn": "to prick; to stab", "fr": 3100}, {"w": "突破", "rd": "とっぱ", "mn": "breaking through; breakthrough; penetration", "fr": 3565}, {"w": "突入", "rd": "とつにゅう", "mn": "rushing into; breaking into; storming", "fr": 3885}, {"w": "唐突", "rd": "とうとつ", "mn": "abrupt; sudden", "fr": 4445}, {"w": "衝突", "rd": "しょうとつ", "mn": "collision; crash; impact; running into", "fr": 4899}, {"w": "突如", "rd": "とつじょ", "mn": "suddenly; all of a sudden; unexpectedly", "fr": 5703}, {"w": "突き刺す", "rd": "つきさす", "mn": "to stab; to stick; to pierce; to thrust", "fr": 7214}, {"w": "突き上げる", "rd": "つきあげる", "mn": "to push up; to thrust up; to stick up; to raise", "fr": 7660}, {"w": "激突", "rd": "げきとつ", "mn": "crash; smashing (into); ramming; (violent) collision", "fr": 7901}, {"w": "突進", "rd": "とっしん", "mn": "rush; dash; charge", "fr": 9012}, {"w": "突き抜ける", "rd": "つきぬける", "mn": "to pierce through; to break through", "fr": 9037}, {"w": "突き", "rd": "つき", "mn": "thrust; stab; lunge; pass (in fencing)", "fr": 9724}, {"w": "突っ込む", "rd": "つっこむ", "mn": "to thrust (something) into (something); to cram; to stuff; to shove", "fr": 11903}, {"w": "突起", "rd": "とっき", "mn": "protuberance; projection; prominence; protrusion; bump; boss; process; apophysis", "fr": 12556}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 41, "rp": 32, "l": 3, "n": "突然 研究"}}, {"k": "請", "g": 8, "o": 1053, "f": 524, "j": null, "on": "セイ、シン、ショウ", "kun": "こ.う、う.ける", "m": "solicit; invite; ask", "pm": "solicit", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "青", "nj": "あお", "ne": "blue"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; blue; grow up; moon; flesh", "hk": "solicit", "hs": "Words . . . blue.", "ks": "You can talk until you're blue in the face, but if you're trying to solicit me, you're just wasting your time…", "v": [{"w": "要請", "rd": "ようせい", "mn": "appeal; call for something; request; claim; demand", "fr": 4852}, {"w": "強請る", "rd": "ねだる", "mn": "to beg; to pester; to plead; to coax; to hound; to importune", "fr": 6425}, {"w": "申請", "rd": "しんせい", "mn": "application; request; petition", "fr": 6530}, {"w": "請求", "rd": "せいきゅう", "mn": "claim; demand; charge; application; request; billing (for a service)", "fr": 8479}, {"w": "請け負う", "rd": "うけおう", "mn": "to contract (to do); to undertake; to take on (work)", "fr": 10879}, {"w": "請求書", "rd": "せいきゅうしょ", "mn": "bill; account; invoice", "fr": 24552}, {"w": "下請け", "rd": "したうけ", "mn": "subcontract", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "招請", "rd": "しょうせい", "mn": "invitation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "請求権", "rd": "せいきゅうけん", "mn": "claim rights", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "請託", "rd": "せいたく", "mn": "solicitation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "請負", "rd": "うけおい", "mn": "contract (for work); contracting; undertaking", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "請願", "rd": "せいがん", "mn": "petition", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "攻", "g": 8, "o": 1054, "f": 532, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "せ.める", "m": "aggression; attack; criticize; polish", "pm": "aggression", "r": [{"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "craft; taskmaster", "hk": "aggression", "hs": "The special <i>craft</i> of successful <i>taskmasters</i> is their ability to remain constantly on the <b>aggressive</b> , never allowing their underlings a moment to ponder a counter- <b>aggression</b> of their own.", "ks": "Aggression is the craft of a good dominatrix.", "v": [{"w": "攻撃", "rd": "こうげき", "mn": "attack; assault; raid; onslaught; offensive", "fr": 1349}, {"w": "攻める", "rd": "せめる", "mn": "to attack; to assault; to assail", "fr": 2516}, {"w": "攻略", "rd": "こうりゃく", "mn": "capture (of enemy territory); taking (by storm); conquest; attack; assault", "fr": 6072}, {"w": "速攻", "rd": "そっこう", "mn": "swift attack; quick attack; fast break; breakaway", "fr": 9540}, {"w": "攻防", "rd": "こうぼう", "mn": "offense and defense; offence and defence", "fr": 12128}, {"w": "侵攻", "rd": "しんこう", "mn": "invasion", "fr": 12936}, {"w": "攻勢", "rd": "こうせい", "mn": "offensive (movement); aggression", "fr": 16566}, {"w": "猛攻", "rd": "もうこう", "mn": "fierce attack", "fr": 18539}, {"w": "専攻", "rd": "せんこう", "mn": "major subject; special study", "fr": 23190}, {"w": "攻守", "rd": "こうしゅ", "mn": "offense and defense; offence and defence; batting and fielding", "fr": 23358}, {"w": "攻め", "rd": "せめ", "mn": "attack; offence; offense; assault", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "特攻隊", "rd": "とっこうたい", "mn": "special attack unit; kamikaze unit; suicide squad", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "進攻", "rd": "しんこう", "mn": "attack; drive; advance; invasion", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "督", "g": 8, "o": 1055, "f": 534, "j": null, "on": "トク", "kun": "", "m": "coach; command; urge; lead; supervise", "pm": "coach", "r": [{"c": "叔", "nj": "シュク", "ne": "uncle"}, {"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}], "hc": "uncle; above; small; little; crotch; eye", "hk": "coach", "hs": "Uncle . . . eye.", "ks": "My uncle is also my coach. He keeps an eye on me.", "v": [{"w": "監督", "rd": "かんとく", "mn": "supervision; control; superintendence; direction", "fr": 3966}, {"w": "督促", "rd": "とくそく", "mn": "urge; demand; importunity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "総督", "rd": "そうとく", "mn": "governor-general; governor; viceroy", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "催", "g": 8, "o": 1056, "f": 536, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "もよう.す、もよお.す", "m": "sponsor; hold (a meeting); give (a dinner)", "pm": "sponsor", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "崔", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "cliff"}], "hc": "person; mountain; turkey", "hk": "sponsor", "hs": "<i>Hermit</i> . . . <i>turkey</i>. Note what has happened to the <i>mountain</i> in the element for <i>hermit</i>. In order to make room for the <i>turkey</i> , it was raised and condensed.", "ks": "And now a word from our <b>sponsor</b>. We see Mr. T, doing a sort of George Foreman thing, grilling Mountain Turkeys. \"I pity da foo who don't have a Mr. T grill!\".", "v": [{"w": "開催", "rd": "かいさい", "mn": "holding (a conference, exhibition, etc.); opening; hosting (e.g. the Olympics)", "fr": 4007}, {"w": "催促", "rd": "さいそく", "mn": "pressing; urging; demanding; demand", "fr": 9644}, {"w": "主催", "rd": "しゅさい", "mn": "sponsorship (i.e. conducting under one's auspices); promotion; organizing; organ", "fr": 9800}, {"w": "催す", "rd": "もよおす", "mn": "to hold (an event); to give (a dinner, party, etc.)", "fr": 12929}, {"w": "催し", "rd": "もよおし", "mn": "event; festivities; function; social gathering; auspices; opening; holding (a me", "fr": 16416}, {"w": "催眠", "rd": "さいみん", "mn": "hypnosis", "fr": 18794}, {"w": "催涙", "rd": "さいるい", "mn": "tear-inducing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "共催", "rd": "きょうさい", "mn": "joint sponsorship (of an event); cosponsorship; joint hosting", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "及", "g": 8, "o": 1057, "f": 544, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "およ.ぶ、およ.び、および、およ.ぼす", "m": "reach out; exert; exercise; cause", "pm": "reach out", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "fist; from; drop", "hk": "reach out", "hs": "The addition of a final stroke transforms this character from the primitive for a clenched <i>fist</i> into the kanji for <b>reaching out</b> , much as a stroke of kindness can often turn anger into acceptance.", "ks": "Reach out and fist someone (Do you see the person primitive?).", "v": [{"w": "及ぶ", "rd": "およぶ", "mn": "to reach; to amount to; to befall; to happen to; to extend; to go on (for, until", "fr": 2245}, {"w": "追及", "rd": "ついきゅう", "mn": "investigation (e.g. into someone's guilt); questioning; pressing; hounding; pinn", "fr": 6748}, {"w": "及び", "rd": "および", "mn": "and; as well as", "fr": 7720}, {"w": "言及", "rd": "げんきゅう", "mn": "reference; allusion", "fr": 13508}, {"w": "普及", "rd": "ふきゅう", "mn": "diffusion; spread; popularization; promulgation; familiarization", "fr": 15187}, {"w": "及ぼす", "rd": "およぼす", "mn": "to exert (influence); to exercise; to cause (e.g. damage); to do (e.g. harm); to", "fr": 16888}, {"w": "波及", "rd": "はきゅう", "mn": "spread; extension; influence; aftereffect; ripple", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "湾", "g": 8, "o": 1058, "f": 545, "j": null, "on": "ワン", "kun": "いりえ", "m": "gulf; bay; inlet", "pm": "gulf", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "弯", "nj": "ワン", "ne": "curve"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; apple; bow", "hk": "gulf", "hs": "Water . . . apple . . . bow.", "ks": "In his most daring feat, William tell used his <i>bow</i> to shoot an <i>apple</i> off the head of his son across the <i>water</i> of the <b>gulf</b>.", "v": [{"w": "湾", "rd": "わん", "mn": "bay; gulf; inlet", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "メキシコ湾", "rd": "メキシコわん", "mn": "Gulf of Mexico", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "台湾", "rd": "たいわん", "mn": "Taiwan", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "港湾", "rd": "こうわん", "mn": "harbour; harbor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "湾岸", "rd": "わんがん", "mn": "gulf coast; bay coast", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "湾曲", "rd": "わんきょく", "mn": "curve; bend; crook", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "離", "g": 8, "o": 1059, "f": 555, "j": null, "on": "リ", "kun": "はな.れる、はな.す", "m": "detach; separation; disjoin; digress", "pm": "detach", "r": [{"c": "离", "nj": "チ", "ne": "rare beast"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "sheik; top hat; villain; sheaf; shovel; belt; elbow; turkey", "hk": "detach", "hs": "<i>Top hat</i> . . . <i>villain</i> . . . <i>belt</i> . . . <i>elbow</i> . . . <i>turkey</i>. This is potentially one of the most difficult characters to remember. Tackle it positively and let the image  \"sink in\" by carrying it around with you today and calling it up in your spare moments.", "ks": "I've finally met my arch-rival, the evilest of all <i>villains</i>. Finally, I'm about to fight him. But what's this? He's suspiciously quiet. I move to attack him, and his right arm falls off at the <i>elbow</i>. Strange. I walk up to him and <b>detach</b> his left arm. Very strange. I undo his <i>belt</i> , and take off his <i>top hat</i> … BLAST! It was just a decoy <i>turkey</i>!", "v": [{"w": "離れる", "rd": "はなれる", "mn": "to be separated; to be apart; to be distant", "fr": 419}, {"w": "離す", "rd": "はなす", "mn": "to separate; to part; to divide; to keep apart", "fr": 866}, {"w": "距離", "rd": "きょり", "mn": "distance; range; interval", "fr": 1319}, {"w": "離婚", "rd": "りこん", "mn": "divorce", "fr": 4027}, {"w": "引き離す", "rd": "ひきはなす", "mn": "to pull apart; to separate", "fr": 5741}, {"w": "切り離す", "rd": "きりはなす", "mn": "to cut off (from); to separate; to detach; to sever; to uncouple", "fr": 6692}, {"w": "離脱", "rd": "りだつ", "mn": "withdrawal; secession; separation; breakaway", "fr": 8584}, {"w": "隔離", "rd": "かくり", "mn": "isolation; segregation; separation; quarantine", "fr": 10124}, {"w": "かけ離れる", "rd": "かけはなれる", "mn": "to be far apart (from); to be a long way off (from); to be remote; to be distant", "fr": 10587}, {"w": "遠距離", "rd": "えんきょり", "mn": "long distance; tele-", "fr": 12935}, {"w": "分離", "rd": "ぶんり", "mn": "separation; partition; detachment; segregation; isolation", "fr": 13524}, {"w": "長距離", "rd": "ちょうきょり", "mn": "long distance; long haul", "fr": 14752}, {"w": "近距離", "rd": "きんきょり", "mn": "short distance", "fr": 19828}, {"w": "短距離", "rd": "たんきょり", "mn": "short distance; short range; short-haul", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "離党", "rd": "りとう", "mn": "secession from a political party", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "摘", "g": 8, "o": 1060, "f": 564, "j": null, "on": "テキ", "kun": "つ.む", "m": "pinch; pick; pluck; trim; clip; summarize", "pm": "pinch", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "啇", "nj": "テキ", "ne": "the stalk"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; antique; vase; stand up; hood; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "pinch", "hs": "Finger . . . antique.", "ks": "To many, a pinch of snuff, taken with the fingers , is an antique habit.", "v": [{"w": "指摘", "rd": "してき", "mn": "pointing out; identification", "fr": 3626}, {"w": "摘む", "rd": "つまむ", "mn": "to pinch; to hold (between one's fingers); to pick up (with chopsticks, tweezers", "fr": 8733}, {"w": "摘み", "rd": "つまみ", "mn": "knob; handle; button", "fr": 9761}, {"w": "摘出", "rd": "てきしゅつ", "mn": "picking out; taking out; (surgical) removal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "摘発", "rd": "てきはつ", "mn": "exposing; unmasking; laying bare", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "郎", "g": 8, "o": 1061, "f": 569, "j": null, "on": "ロウ、リョウ", "kun": "おとこ", "m": "son; counter for sons", "pm": "son", "r": [{"c": "良", "nj": "リョウ", "ne": "good"}, {"c": "邑", "nj": "おおざと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "halo; good; drop; silver; city walls", "hk": "son", "hs": "Halo . . . city walls.", "ks": "The <i>daughter</i> is a good girl that grows up to be a woman. The <b>son</b> is a <i>good</i> boy that grows up to defend the <i>city walls</i>.", "v": [{"w": "野郎", "rd": "やろう", "mn": "guy; fellow; chap; buddy", "fr": 1250}, {"w": "新郎", "rd": "しんろう", "mn": "bridegroom", "fr": 22489}], "p": null}, {"k": "捜", "g": 8, "o": 1062, "f": 592, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、シュ、シュウ", "kun": "さが.す", "m": "search; look for; locate", "pm": "search", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "叟", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "old person"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; Buddha’s hand; monkey; sun; day; stick; crotch", "hk": "search", "hs": "Fingers . . . monkey . . . crotch.", "ks": "The <i>monkey</i> <b>search</b> es around with his <i>fingers</i> for his <i>crotch</i>.", "v": [{"w": "捜す", "rd": "さがす", "mn": "to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to seek", "fr": 1012}, {"w": "捜査", "rd": "そうさ", "mn": "search (esp. in criminal investigations); investigation; inquiry; enquiry", "fr": 3752}, {"w": "捜索", "rd": "そうさく", "mn": "search (esp. for someone or something missing); manhunt", "fr": 4290}, {"w": "捜査官", "rd": "そうさかん", "mn": "(police) investigator", "fr": 24078}, {"w": "特捜", "rd": "とくそう", "mn": "special investigation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "超", "g": 8, "o": 1063, "f": 597, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "こ.える、こ.す", "m": "transcend; super-; ultra-", "pm": "transcend", "r": [{"c": "走", "nj": "はしる", "ne": "to run"}, {"c": "召", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "seduce"}], "hc": "run; soil; dirt; ground; mend; summon; seduce; sword; dagger; mouth", "hk": "transcend", "hs": "When one is <i>running</i> after something, the goal that <i>seduces</i> one is said to <b>transcend</b> the seeker.", "ks": "To transcend to a higher path you need to run from the seduction of earthly desires.", "v": [{"w": "超", "rd": "ちょう", "mn": "super-; ultra-; hyper-; extreme", "fr": 1105}, {"w": "超える", "rd": "こえる", "mn": "to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to pass over (out of); to go beyond; t", "fr": 1162}, {"w": "超越", "rd": "ちょうえつ", "mn": "transcendence; transcendency", "fr": 11604}, {"w": "超人", "rd": "ちょうじん", "mn": "superman; superwoman", "fr": 12569}, {"w": "超す", "rd": "こす", "mn": "to cross over (e.g. mountain); to go across", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "超過", "rd": "ちょうか", "mn": "excess; surplus; exceeding (a limit, estimate, etc.); going over", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "超伝導", "rd": "ちょうでんどう", "mn": "superconductivity; super-conductivity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "超党派", "rd": "ちょうとうは", "mn": "suprapartisan; multiparty; bipartisan; nonpartisan", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "超特急", "rd": "ちょうとっきゅう", "mn": "super express", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "超音波", "rd": "ちょうおんぱ", "mn": "ultrasonic waves; ultrasound", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "超音速", "rd": "ちょうおんそく", "mn": "supersonic speed", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "療", "g": 8, "o": 1064, "f": 600, "j": null, "on": "リョウ", "kun": "", "m": "heal; cure", "pm": "heal", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "尞", "nj": "リョウ", "ne": "fuel used for sacrifices"}], "hc": "sickness; hospital; pup tent; large; St. Bernard; sun; day; small; little", "hk": "heal", "hs": "Sickness . . . pup tent.", "ks": "In Final Fantasy 4, sleeping in a tent completely <b>heal</b> s you and recovers all your HP and MP (and cures any <i>sickness</i> your characters may have).", "v": [{"w": "治療", "rd": "ちりょう", "mn": "(medical) treatment; care; therapy; cure; remedy", "fr": 2787}, {"w": "医療", "rd": "いりょう", "mn": "medical treatment; medical care", "fr": 7551}, {"w": "療養", "rd": "りょうよう", "mn": "recuperation; medical treatment", "fr": 15056}, {"w": "治療法", "rd": "ちりょうほう", "mn": "method of treatment; cure; remedy", "fr": 18790}, {"w": "診療所", "rd": "しんりょうじょ", "mn": "clinic; medical office; infirmary", "fr": 22980}, {"w": "診療", "rd": "しんりょう", "mn": "diagnosis and treatment; medical care", "fr": 24973}, {"w": "対症療法", "rd": "たいしょうりょうほう", "mn": "symptomatic therapy; allopathy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "救急医療", "rd": "きゅうきゅういりょう", "mn": "emergency medicine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "早期治療", "rd": "そうきちりょう", "mn": "early treatment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "療法", "rd": "りょうほう", "mn": "(method of) treatment; therapy; remedy; cure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "療養所", "rd": "りょうようじょ", "mn": "sanatorium", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "捕", "g": 8, "o": 1065, "f": 604, "j": null, "on": "ホ", "kun": "と.らえる、と.らわれる、と.る、とら.える、とら.われる、つか.まえる、つか.まる", "m": "catch; capture", "pm": "catch", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "甫", "nj": "ホ", "ne": "for the first time"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; dog-tag; arrowhead; screwdriver; utilize; utilise", "hk": "catch", "hs": "Fingers . . . dog tag.", "ks": "I was retreating from the battlefield. In the chaos, my friend threw his dogtags at me to give to his family. I managed to <b>catch</b> them with my fingers as the chopper was lifting off.", "v": [{"w": "捕まえる", "rd": "つかまえる", "mn": "to catch; to capture; to arrest; to seize; to restrain", "fr": 1275}, {"w": "捕まる", "rd": "つかまる", "mn": "to be caught; to be arrested", "fr": 1419}, {"w": "逮捕", "rd": "たいほ", "mn": "arrest; apprehension; capture", "fr": 3091}, {"w": "捕らえる", "rd": "とらえる", "mn": "to catch; to capture; to seize; to arrest; to grab; to catch hold of", "fr": 3955}, {"w": "捕獲", "rd": "ほかく", "mn": "capture; seizure", "fr": 8234}, {"w": "捕らわれる", "rd": "とらわれる", "mn": "to be caught; to be captured; to be taken prisoner; to be arrested; to be appreh", "fr": 14954}, {"w": "捕虜", "rd": "ほりょ", "mn": "prisoner (of war); POW; captive", "fr": 16305}, {"w": "捕る", "rd": "とる", "mn": "to catch (a wild animal, fish, insect, baseball, etc.); to capture", "fr": 16381}, {"w": "捕える", "rd": "とらえる", "mn": "to catch; to capture; to seize; to arrest; to grab; to catch hold of", "fr": 18689}, {"w": "捕鯨", "rd": "ほげい", "mn": "whaling; whale hunting; whale fishing", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "捕手", "rd": "ほしゅ", "mn": "catcher", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "振", "g": 8, "o": 1066, "f": 614, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "ふ.る、ふ.れる、ふ.るう", "m": "shake; wave; wag; swing", "pm": "shake", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "辰", "nj": "しんのたつ", "ne": "Fifth zodiac sign"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; sign of the dragon; cliff; two; hairpin; safety-pin", "hk": "shake", "hs": "Fingers . . . sign of the dragon.", "ks": "Your fingers will be crushed if you shake hands with Bruce Lee.", "v": [{"w": "振る", "rd": "ふる", "mn": "to wave; to shake; to swing", "fr": 1626}, {"w": "振り返る", "rd": "ふりかえる", "mn": "to turn one's head; to look over one's shoulder; to turn around; to look back", "fr": 2164}, {"w": "振り回す", "rd": "ふりまわす", "mn": "to wield; to brandish; to flourish; to wave (about); to swing", "fr": 2489}, {"w": "振り向く", "rd": "ふりむく", "mn": "to turn one's face; to turn around; to look over one's shoulder", "fr": 3027}, {"w": "振る舞う", "rd": "ふるまう", "mn": "to behave; to conduct oneself; to act", "fr": 4024}, {"w": "振動", "rd": "しんどう", "mn": "oscillation; vibration; swing (e.g. of a pendulum)", "fr": 4813}, {"w": "振る舞い", "rd": "ふるまい", "mn": "behavior; behaviour; conduct", "fr": 6812}, {"w": "振り切る", "rd": "ふりきる", "mn": "to shake off; to shake free from", "fr": 7050}, {"w": "振り", "rd": "ふり", "mn": "swing; shake; sweep; wave; wag", "fr": 7590}, {"w": "空振り", "rd": "からぶり", "mn": "swing and a miss", "fr": 12101}, {"w": "振り込む", "rd": "ふりこむ", "mn": "to make a payment via bank deposit transfer", "fr": 13047}, {"w": "振舞う", "rd": "ふるまう", "mn": "to behave; to conduct oneself; to act", "fr": 18305}, {"w": "不振", "rd": "ふしん", "mn": "dullness; slump; stagnation; inactivity; depression", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "久し振り", "rd": "ひさしぶり", "mn": "a long time (since the last time); first in a long time", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "振り仮名", "rd": "ふりがな", "mn": "furigana", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "介", "g": 8, "o": 1067, "f": 617, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "", "m": "jammed in; shellfish; mediate; concern oneself with", "pm": "jammed in", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}], "hc": "umbrella; stick; walking cane", "hk": "jammed in", "hs": "The idea of something getting <b>jammed into</b> something else is depicted here by having a <i>walking stick</i> get <b>jammed into</b> an <i>umbrella</i> frame by someone shoving it into an already occupied slot in the <i>umbrella</i> stand at the door. First notice the vertical strokes: on the left is the curved umbrella handle, and on the right the straight <i>walking stick</i>. Now try to imagine the two parties tugging at their respective properties like two kids on a wishbone, creating a scene at the entrance of an elegant restaurant.", "ks": "J and I are \"Jammed Into\" an UMBRELLA.", "v": [{"w": "紹介", "rd": "しょうかい", "mn": "introduction; presentation; referral; showcase (of a product)", "fr": 814}, {"w": "厄介", "rd": "やっかい", "mn": "trouble; burden; nuisance; bother; worry", "fr": 3144}, {"w": "自己紹介", "rd": "じこしょうかい", "mn": "self-introduction", "fr": 3713}, {"w": "介入", "rd": "かいにゅう", "mn": "intervention", "fr": 7571}, {"w": "お節介", "rd": "おせっかい", "mn": "meddling; meddlesomeness; nosiness; interference; officiousness", "fr": 11404}, {"w": "介護", "rd": "かいご", "mn": "nursing; care; caregiving; caring", "fr": 13486}, {"w": "仲介", "rd": "ちゅうかい", "mn": "agency; intermediation", "fr": 16968}, {"w": "媒介", "rd": "ばいかい", "mn": "mediation; agency; serving as a medium; acting as an intermediary; acting as a g", "fr": 24658}, {"w": "介助", "rd": "かいじょ", "mn": "help; assistance; aid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "介在", "rd": "かいざい", "mn": "existing (between); interposition; intervention; involvement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紹介文", "rd": "しょうかいぶん", "mn": "introductory text; introductory essay", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紹介者", "rd": "しょうかいしゃ", "mn": "person who introduces someone; introducer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "魚介", "rd": "ぎょかい", "mn": "marine products; seafood; fish and shellfish", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "魚介類", "rd": "ぎょかいるい", "mn": "marine products; seafood; fish and shellfish", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "迎", "g": 8, "o": 1068, "f": 625, "j": null, "on": "ゲイ", "kun": "むか.える", "m": "welcome; meet; greet", "pm": "welcome", "r": [{"c": "卬", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "lofty"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "stamp album; box; stamps; road", "hk": "welcome", "hs": "Box . . . stamps . . . road.", "ks": "<i>Stamp-collectors</i> sit and wait on the <i>road</i> to <b>welcome</b> new mail arrivals.", "v": [{"w": "迎える", "rd": "むかえる", "mn": "to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome; to greet; to salute; to hail", "fr": 1115}, {"w": "歓迎", "rd": "かんげい", "mn": "welcome; (warm) reception", "fr": 3136}, {"w": "出迎える", "rd": "でむかえる", "mn": "to meet; to greet", "fr": 4775}, {"w": "大歓迎", "rd": "だいかんげい", "mn": "big welcome; welcoming greatly; being very welcome", "fr": 6001}, {"w": "迎え撃つ", "rd": "むかえうつ", "mn": "to meet (the enemy) and attack; to engage (the approaching enemy); to confront; ", "fr": 10208}, {"w": "迎撃", "rd": "げいげき", "mn": "intercept; interception; counter-attack", "fr": 10923}, {"w": "迎え", "rd": "むかえ", "mn": "meeting; greeting; welcome", "fr": 10993}, {"w": "出迎え", "rd": "でむかえ", "mn": "meeting; reception", "fr": 20696}, {"w": "迎合", "rd": "げいごう", "mn": "ingratiation; pandering; catering (to); going along with (someone or something);", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "迎賓館", "rd": "げいひんかん", "mn": "reception hall (esp. for visiting state dignitaries); guest house", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "送迎", "rd": "そうげい", "mn": "seeing off and meeting on return", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 15, "rp": 33, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "販", "g": 8, "o": 1069, "f": 627, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "", "m": "marketing; sell; trade", "pm": "marketing", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "反", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "anti-"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; anti-; demonstration; cliff; crotch", "hk": "marketing", "hs": "Shells/money . . . anti-.", "ks": "The goal of <b>marketing</b> is to get people who are naturally anti-buying to spend their shells (money).", "v": [{"w": "販売", "rd": "はんばい", "mn": "sale; sales; selling; marketing", "fr": 5446}, {"w": "自販機", "rd": "じはんき", "mn": "vending machine", "fr": 11979}, {"w": "通販", "rd": "つうはん", "mn": "online shopping; e-commerce; mail order", "fr": 14029}, {"w": "市販", "rd": "しはん", "mn": "putting on the market; putting on sale; making commercially available", "fr": 17302}, {"w": "自動販売機", "rd": "じどうはんばいき", "mn": "vending machine", "fr": 20504}, {"w": "信販会社", "rd": "しんぱんがいしゃ", "mn": "credit company", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "再販", "rd": "さいはん", "mn": "resale", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "物販", "rd": "ぶっぱん", "mn": "sale of goods (as opposed to services)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自販", "rd": "じはん", "mn": "automatic selling", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "販促", "rd": "はんそく", "mn": "sales promotion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "販売員", "rd": "はんばいいん", "mn": "sales staff; salesperson", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "販路", "rd": "はんろ", "mn": "market (for goods, services, etc.); outlet (for selling); opening", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "通信販売", "rd": "つうしんはんばい", "mn": "online shopping service (with delivery by mail); mail order; mail-order sales; s", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "量販店", "rd": "りょうはんてん", "mn": "volume retailer; mass marketer; emporium", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "献", "g": 8, "o": 1070, "f": 637, "j": null, "on": "ケン、コン", "kun": "たてまつ.る", "m": "offering; counter for drinks; present; offer", "pm": "offering", "r": [{"c": "南", "nj": "ナン", "ne": "south"}, {"c": "犬", "nj": "いぬ", "ne": "dog"}], "hc": "south; ten; needle; belt; happiness; ten; needle; stand up; vase; chihuahua; dog; large; drop", "hk": "offering", "hs": "South . . . chihuahua.", "ks": "A <i>South</i> Korean street vendor is <b>offering</b> <i>chihuahu</i> snacks.", "v": [{"w": "貢献", "rd": "こうけん", "mn": "contribution (furthering a goal or cause); services (to a cause)", "fr": 6543}, {"w": "文献", "rd": "ぶんけん", "mn": "literature; books (reference); document", "fr": 14560}, {"w": "献上", "rd": "けんじょう", "mn": "presenting (to)", "fr": 16401}, {"w": "献立", "rd": "こんだて", "mn": "menu; bill of fare", "fr": 17371}, {"w": "献花", "rd": "けんか", "mn": "flower offering; floral tribute; laying flowers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "献血", "rd": "けんけつ", "mn": "blood donation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "献金", "rd": "けんきん", "mn": "donation; contribution; offering", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "幅", "g": 8, "o": 1071, "f": 641, "j": null, "on": "フク", "kun": "はば", "m": "hanging scroll; width", "pm": "hanging scroll", "r": [{"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}, {"c": "畐", "nj": "フク", "ne": "to fill"}], "hc": "towel; wealth; one; ceiling; mouth; rice field; brains", "hk": "hanging scroll", "hs": "A <i>towel</i> owned by the <i>wealthiest</i> tycoon in the world is made into a <b>hanging scroll</b> after his death and auctioned off to the highest bidder.", "ks": "The towels of the wealthy: hanging scroll s.", "v": [{"w": "幅", "rd": "はば", "mn": "width; breadth", "fr": 6199}, {"w": "大幅", "rd": "おおはば", "mn": "big; large; drastic; substantial", "fr": 7208}, {"w": "幅広い", "rd": "はばひろい", "mn": "extensive; wide; broad", "fr": 14891}, {"w": "小幅", "rd": "こはば", "mn": "small; narrow", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "振幅", "rd": "しんぷく", "mn": "amplitude (of vibration)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "横幅", "rd": "よこはば", "mn": "breadth; width", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "走り幅跳び", "rd": "はしりはばとび", "mn": "long jump", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "維", "g": 8, "o": 1072, "f": 643, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "", "m": "fiber; tie; rope", "pm": "fiber", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; turkey", "hk": "fiber", "hs": "Thread . . . turkey.", "ks": "Hey, <i>Spidey</i>! Eat that <i>turkey</i> if you want, but make sure you eat some <b>fiber</b> s: you want spidey <i>threads</i> , don't ya?", "v": [{"w": "維持", "rd": "いじ", "mn": "maintenance; preservation; improvement", "fr": 3458}, {"w": "繊維", "rd": "せんい", "mn": "fibre; fiber", "fr": 17738}, {"w": "合成繊維", "rd": "ごうせいせんい", "mn": "synthetic fibre; synthetic fiber", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "維新", "rd": "いしん", "mn": "reformation; revolution; renewal", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "浜", "g": 8, "o": 1073, "f": 645, "j": null, "on": "ヒン", "kun": "はま", "m": "seacoast; beach; seashore", "pm": "seacoast", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "兵", "nj": "ヘイ", "ne": "soldier"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; soldier; hill; axe; one; floor; animal legs; eight", "hk": "seacoast", "hs": "Water . . . soldier.", "ks": "<b>Seacoast</b> - > Coast Guard -> \" <i>water soldiers</i> \" lined up on the <b>seacoast</b> defending our shores.", "v": [{"w": "砂浜", "rd": "すなはま", "mn": "sandy beach", "fr": 10786}, {"w": "横浜", "rd": "よこはま", "mn": "Yokohama (city)", "fr": 12746}, {"w": "浜", "rd": "はま", "mn": "beach; seashore", "fr": 14369}, {"w": "浜辺", "rd": "はまべ", "mn": "beach; foreshore", "fr": 14855}, {"w": "浜松", "rd": "はままつ", "mn": "Hamamatsu (city)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "海浜", "rd": "かいひん", "mn": "seashore; seaside; beach", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "彼", "g": 8, "o": 1074, "f": 648, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "かれ、かの、か.の", "m": "he; that; the", "pm": "he", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "皮", "nj": "けがわ", "ne": "skin"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; pelt; branch; ten; needle; crotch; hook", "hk": "he", "hs": "<i>Going</i> . . . <i>pelt</i>. This kanji refers to the third person singular personal pronoun, generally in its masculine form.", "ks": "Wherever he goes // he wears pelt clothes.", "v": [{"w": "彼女", "rd": "かのじょ", "mn": "she; her", "fr": 257}, {"w": "彼", "rd": "かれ", "mn": "he; him", "fr": 304}, {"w": "彼ら", "rd": "かれら", "mn": "they; them", "fr": 962}, {"w": "彼氏", "rd": "かれし", "mn": "boyfriend", "fr": 2085}, {"w": "彼方", "rd": "かなた", "mn": "beyond; across; the other side; the distance", "fr": 8431}, {"w": "彼岸", "rd": "ひがん", "mn": "equinoctial week (when Buddhist services are held)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 30, "rp": 28, "l": 5, "n": "彼 役 投"}}, {"k": "般", "g": 8, "o": 1075, "f": 649, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "", "m": "carrier; carry; all; general; sort; kind", "pm": "carrier", "r": [{"c": "舟", "nj": "ふね", "ne": "ship"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "boat; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "carrier", "hs": "Boat . . . missile.", "ks": "In general, carrier boats have missiles.", "v": [{"w": "一般", "rd": "いっぱん", "mn": "general; universal", "fr": 3490}, {"w": "一般的", "rd": "いっぱんてき", "mn": "general; popular; common; typical", "fr": 4005}, {"w": "一般人", "rd": "いっぱんじん", "mn": "ordinary person; member of the general public; non-celebrity", "fr": 6067}, {"w": "全般", "rd": "ぜんぱん", "mn": "(the) whole", "fr": 10952}, {"w": "一般に", "rd": "いっぱんに", "mn": "generally; in general; widely; commonly; universally", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "先般", "rd": "せんぱん", "mn": "some time ago; the other day", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "塁", "g": 8, "o": 1076, "f": 651, "j": null, "on": "ルイ、ライ、スイ", "kun": "とりで", "m": "bases; fort; rampart; walls; base(ball)", "pm": "bases", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "rice field; brains; sparkler; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "bases", "hs": "The kanji of this frame refers to the four <b>bases</b> that are placed at the corners of a baseball infield. The elements: <i>field</i> . . . <i>sparkler</i> . . . <i>ground</i>.", "ks": "Playing baseball in a <i>rice field</i> with <i>sparklers</i> stuck into the <i>ground</i> to act as <b>bases</b>.", "v": [{"w": "一塁", "rd": "いちるい", "mn": "first base", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "三塁", "rd": "さんるい", "mn": "third base", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "三塁手", "rd": "さんるいしゅ", "mn": "third baseman", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "三塁打", "rd": "さんるいだ", "mn": "three-base hit; triple", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "二塁", "rd": "にるい", "mn": "second base", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "二塁手", "rd": "にるいしゅ", "mn": "second baseman", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "二塁打", "rd": "にるいだ", "mn": "two-base hit; double", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "出塁", "rd": "しゅつるい", "mn": "getting on base; reaching first base", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塁", "rd": "るい", "mn": "base; bag; sack", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塁審", "rd": "るいしん", "mn": "base umpire", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "本塁", "rd": "ほんるい", "mn": "base; stronghold; main fort", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "本塁打", "rd": "ほんるいだ", "mn": "home run", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "残塁", "rd": "ざんるい", "mn": "left on base", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "満塁", "rd": "まんるい", "mn": "bases loaded", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盗塁", "rd": "とうるい", "mn": "base stealing; steal; stolen base", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "邦", "g": 8, "o": 1077, "f": 654, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "くに", "m": "home country; country; Japan", "pm": "home country", "r": [{"c": "丰", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "abundant"}, {"c": "邑", "nj": "おおざと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "bushes; city walls", "hk": "home country", "hs": "Bushes . . . city walls.", "ks": "In -my- home country , we'd like to put up walls to keep Bush -OUT-, thank you very much.", "v": [{"w": "連邦", "rd": "れんぽう", "mn": "federation (of states); confederation; commonwealth; union", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "東邦", "rd": "とうほう", "mn": "Oriental country; the Orient", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "邦人", "rd": "ほうじん", "mn": "Japanese national (esp. abroad)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "邦楽", "rd": "ほうがく", "mn": "Japanese music (esp. traditional Japanese music)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "邦画", "rd": "ほうが", "mn": "Japanese film", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "舞", "g": 8, "o": 1078, "f": 655, "j": null, "on": "ブ", "kun": "ま.う、-ま.う、まい", "m": "dance; flit; circle; wheel", "pm": "dance", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "舛", "nj": "まいあし", "ne": "contrary"}], "hc": "reclining; lying down; tub; sunglasses; dancing legs; ballerina; evening", "hk": "dance", "hs": "The top two strokes show someone <i>reclining</i> , and the next six are a pictograph of an oaken <i>tub</i> ribbed with metal strips, like the kind once used for bathing. At the bottom, the <i>sunglasses</i> round off the character.", "ks": "The yakuza boss reclines in the oaken bathtub wearing his shades while his personal harem <b>dance</b> s nakes for him.", "v": [{"w": "舞台", "rd": "ぶたい", "mn": "stage (of a theatre, concert hall, etc.)", "fr": 2566}, {"w": "振る舞う", "rd": "ふるまう", "mn": "to behave; to conduct oneself; to act", "fr": 4024}, {"w": "舞う", "rd": "まう", "mn": "to dance (orig. a whirling dance)", "fr": 4282}, {"w": "振る舞い", "rd": "ふるまい", "mn": "behavior; behaviour; conduct", "fr": 6812}, {"w": "見舞い", "rd": "みまい", "mn": "visit (to someone affected by illness or misfortune); call; inquiry (about someo", "fr": 8389}, {"w": "見舞う", "rd": "みまう", "mn": "to visit and comfort or console; to go to see (e.g. someone in hospital); to ask", "fr": 9216}, {"w": "舞", "rd": "まい", "mn": "dancing; dance", "fr": 9741}, {"w": "鼓舞", "rd": "こぶ", "mn": "encouragement; inspiration; rousing; stirring up; raising (e.g. morale)", "fr": 16378}, {"w": "振舞う", "rd": "ふるまう", "mn": "to behave; to conduct oneself; to act", "fr": 18305}, {"w": "初舞台", "rd": "はつぶたい", "mn": "debut; initial stage appearance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暑中見舞", "rd": "しょちゅうみまい", "mn": "summer greeting card; inquiry after someone's health in the hot season", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "最後の舞台", "rd": "さいごのぶたい", "mn": "final performance; swan song; last act", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歌舞伎", "rd": "かぶき", "mn": "kabuki", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "演舞", "rd": "えんぶ", "mn": "dance performance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "舞台裏", "rd": "ぶたいうら", "mn": "offstage; backstage; behind the scenes", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 5, "rp": 35, "l": 7, "n": "お見舞い 無理"}}, {"k": "遣", "g": 8, "o": 1079, "f": 664, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "つか.う、-つか.い、-づか.い、つか.わす、や.る", "m": "dispatch; despatch; send; give; donate; do; undertake", "pm": "dispatch", "r": [{"c": "中", "nj": "チュウ", "ne": "in"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "purse; in; one; floor; maestro without baton; road", "hk": "dispatch", "hs": "This kanji takes away the <i>maestro</i> 's baton and replaces it with a <i>purse</i>. The <i>road</i> represents his being <b>dispatched</b> on his way a san obvious misfit. You will remember that when he did have his baton, he was being <i>chased</i> down the road by his fans. All of which shows what a difference a single stroke can make!", "ks": "<b>Dispatch</b> all cars and <i>chase</i> the <i>maestro</i>! He's gone crazy and stolen a ladies <i>purse</i>!", "v": [{"w": "気遣い", "rd": "きづかい", "mn": "consideration; concern; fear; worry; solicitude", "fr": 3663}, {"w": "派遣", "rd": "はけん", "mn": "dispatch; despatch; deployment", "fr": 5533}, {"w": "言葉遣い", "rd": "ことばづかい", "mn": "speech; expression; wording; language", "fr": 8465}, {"w": "お小遣い", "rd": "おこづかい", "mn": "pocket money; spending money; pin money; allowance", "fr": 8523}, {"w": "心遣い", "rd": "こころづかい", "mn": "consideration (for); thoughtfulness; solicitude; care; watchfulness; concern; sy", "fr": 10943}, {"w": "小遣い", "rd": "こづかい", "mn": "pocket money; spending money; pin money; allowance", "fr": 11015}, {"w": "無駄遣い", "rd": "むだづかい", "mn": "waste (of money, time, etc.); squandering; frittering away", "fr": 11379}, {"w": "仮名遣い", "rd": "かなづかい", "mn": "kana orthography; syllabary spelling", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "先遣", "rd": "せんけん", "mn": "sending ahead", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遣唐使", "rd": "けんとうし", "mn": "envoy to Tang China", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "抗", "g": 8, "o": 1080, "f": 666, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "あらが.う", "m": "confront; resist; defy; oppose", "pm": "confront", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "亢", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "high spirits"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; whirlwind; top hat; wind", "hk": "confront", "hs": "Fingers . . . a whirlwind.", "ks": "Imagine a thumb war. A confront ation of fingers in a whirlwind.", "v": [{"w": "抵抗", "rd": "ていこう", "mn": "resistance; opposition; standing up to", "fr": 1778}, {"w": "対抗", "rd": "たいこう", "mn": "opposition; rivalry; competition; antagonism", "fr": 3642}, {"w": "抗議", "rd": "こうぎ", "mn": "protest; objection", "fr": 4973}, {"w": "反抗", "rd": "はんこう", "mn": "opposition; resistance; insubordination; defiance; hostility; rebellion", "fr": 8316}, {"w": "抗争", "rd": "こうそう", "mn": "rivalry; feud; conflict; dispute; struggle; strife; contention; resistance", "fr": 15353}, {"w": "抗体", "rd": "こうたい", "mn": "antibody", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抗原", "rd": "こうげん", "mn": "antigen", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抗告", "rd": "こうこく", "mn": "appeal; protest; complaint", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抗戦", "rd": "こうせん", "mn": "resistance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抗日", "rd": "こうにち", "mn": "resistance against Japanese aggression; anti-Japanese (campaign, movement, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抗生物質", "rd": "こうせいぶっしつ", "mn": "antibiotic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抗菌", "rd": "こうきん", "mn": "antibacterial; antimicrobial", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "雄", "g": 8, "o": 1081, "f": 669, "j": null, "on": "ユウ", "kun": "お-、おす、おん", "m": "masculine; male; hero; leader; superiority; excellence", "pm": "masculine", "r": [{"c": "厷", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "the fore-arm"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "Yamanote; by one’s side; elbow; turkey", "hk": "male", "hs": "<i>By one's side</i> . . . <i>elbow</i> . . . <i>turkey</i>. Its match is in frame 605.", "ks": "Men walk with their <i>elbows</i> out from their <i>sides</i> in a weird <i>turkey</i> trot when they try to appear very MASCULINE. Think of a 70's pimp walk.", "v": [{"w": "英雄", "rd": "えいゆう", "mn": "hero; heroine; great person", "fr": 4794}, {"w": "雄", "rd": "おす", "mn": "male (animal, plant)", "fr": 11355}, {"w": "雄弁", "rd": "ゆうべん", "mn": "eloquence; fluency (of speech)", "fr": 18243}, {"w": "雄大", "rd": "ゆうだい", "mn": "grand; magnificent; majestic; great; sublime", "fr": 22364}, {"w": "両雄", "rd": "りょうゆう", "mn": "two great men", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雌雄", "rd": "しゆう", "mn": "male and female (animals); the two sexes", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "込", "g": 8, "o": 1082, "f": 675, "j": null, "on": "", "kun": "-こ.む、こ.む、こ.み、-こ.み、こ.める", "m": "crowded; mixture; in bulk; included; (kokuji)", "pm": "crowded", "r": [{"c": "入", "nj": "いる", "ne": "to enter"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "enter; road", "hk": "crowded", "hs": "Enter . . . road.", "ks": "Everybody tries to enter the road during rush hour. That's why it's so crowded.", "v": [{"w": "巻き込む", "rd": "まきこむ", "mn": "to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up", "fr": 1146}, {"w": "込む", "rd": "こむ", "mn": "to be crowded; to be packed; to be congested; to be thronged (with)", "fr": 1391}, {"w": "込める", "rd": "こめる", "mn": "to load (a gun, etc.); to charge", "fr": 1828}, {"w": "落ち込む", "rd": "おちこむ", "mn": "to feel down; to feel sad; to be depressed; to be in low spirits", "fr": 2054}, {"w": "飛び込む", "rd": "とびこむ", "mn": "to jump in; to leap in; to plunge into; to dive", "fr": 2175}, {"w": "飲み込む", "rd": "のみこむ", "mn": "to swallow; to gulp down", "fr": 2755}, {"w": "閉じ込める", "rd": "とじこめる", "mn": "to lock up; to shut up; to imprison", "fr": 2780}, {"w": "乗り込む", "rd": "のりこむ", "mn": "to board (a train, plane, etc.); to get into (a car); to get on (a bus); to go o", "fr": 2906}, {"w": "持ち込む", "rd": "もちこむ", "mn": "to bring in; to take in; to carry in", "fr": 2969}, {"w": "入り込む", "rd": "はいりこむ", "mn": "to go into; to come into; to penetrate; to get in; to step in (a house)", "fr": 3155}, {"w": "思い込む", "rd": "おもいこむ", "mn": "to be convinced (that); to be under the impression (that); to feel sure (that); ", "fr": 3223}, {"w": "追い込む", "rd": "おいこむ", "mn": "to herd; to drive; to chase; to corral", "fr": 3349}, {"w": "吸い込む", "rd": "すいこむ", "mn": "to inhale; to breathe in; to suck up; to soak up; to absorb", "fr": 3859}, {"w": "取り込む", "rd": "とりこむ", "mn": "to take in; to bring in; to adopt (e.g. behaviour); to introduce", "fr": 4305}, {"w": "打ち込む", "rd": "うちこむ", "mn": "to drive in (a nail, stake, etc.); to hammer in", "fr": 4480}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 235, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "緊", "g": 8, "o": 1083, "f": 677, "j": null, "on": "キン", "kun": "し.める、し.まる", "m": "tense; solid; hard; reliable; tight", "pm": "tense", "r": [{"c": "臣", "nj": "しん", "ne": "retainer"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}, {"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}], "hc": "loincloth; retainer; slave; crotch; thread; spiderman", "hk": "tense", "hs": "Slave . . . crotch . . . thread.", "ks": "Whenever <i>Venom</i> is <b>tense</b> , he loses control of his sex drive and becomes a <i>slave</i> to his <i>crotch</i>.", "v": [{"w": "緊張", "rd": "きんちょう", "mn": "tension; strain; nervousness; stress", "fr": 1042}, {"w": "緊急", "rd": "きんきゅう", "mn": "urgency; emergency", "fr": 3415}, {"w": "緊迫", "rd": "きんぱく", "mn": "tension; strain", "fr": 14444}, {"w": "緊密", "rd": "きんみつ", "mn": "rigour; rigor; closeness; compactness; tightly knit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "緊急事態宣言", "rd": "きんきゅうじたいせんげん", "mn": "declaration of a state of emergency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "緊縮", "rd": "きんしゅく", "mn": "tightening; shrinkage; contraction; constriction", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "換", "g": 8, "o": 1084, "f": 687, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "か.える、-か.える、か.わる", "m": "interchange; period; change; convert; replace; renew", "pm": "interchange", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "奐", "nj": "カン", "ne": "clear"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; bound up; four; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "interchange", "hs": "Fingers . . . four St. Bernard dogs bound up.", "ks": "On the snap of your fingers , the four St. Bernard dogs bound up interchange places.", "v": [{"w": "交換", "rd": "こうかん", "mn": "exchange; interchange; switching; reciprocity; barter; substitution; replacement", "fr": 2082}, {"w": "引き換え", "rd": "ひきかえ", "mn": "exchange; conversion", "fr": 6048}, {"w": "気分転換", "rd": "きぶんてんかん", "mn": "change of pace; change of mood; (mental) break (e.g. going for a walk); refreshm", "fr": 6777}, {"w": "変換", "rd": "へんかん", "mn": "change; conversion; transformation", "fr": 8414}, {"w": "書き換える", "rd": "かきかえる", "mn": "to rewrite; to overwrite; to renew; to transfer", "fr": 10232}, {"w": "転換", "rd": "てんかん", "mn": "conversion; diversion; changeover; commutation; switchover", "fr": 10556}, {"w": "換える", "rd": "かえる", "mn": "to replace; to convert; to change", "fr": 11030}, {"w": "乗り換える", "rd": "のりかえる", "mn": "to transfer (trains); to change (bus, train)", "fr": 11055}, {"w": "言い換える", "rd": "いいかえる", "mn": "to say in other words; to put another way; to express in different words; to rew", "fr": 11728}, {"w": "置き換える", "rd": "おきかえる", "mn": "to move (something) to another location; to change the position of; to rearrange", "fr": 14152}, {"w": "換気", "rd": "かんき", "mn": "ventilation", "fr": 19012}, {"w": "換算", "rd": "かんさん", "mn": "conversion (e.g. yen to dollars); change; exchange; translation (numerical)", "fr": 22439}, {"w": "乗り換え", "rd": "のりかえ", "mn": "transfer (trains, buses, etc.); change; connection", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "互換", "rd": "ごかん", "mn": "interchange", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "換気扇", "rd": "かんきせん", "mn": "ventilation fan; extractor fan", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 87, "rp": 52, "l": 13, "n": ""}}, {"k": "占", "g": 8, "o": 1085, "f": 694, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "し.める、うらな.う", "m": "fortune-telling; divining; forecasting; occupy; hold; have; get; take", "pm": "fortune-telling", "r": [{"c": "卜", "nj": "ぼく", "ne": "oracle"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "magic wand; augury; divining rod; mouth", "hk": "fortune-telling", "hs": "This is one of those kanji that is a real joy of simplicity: a <i>divining rod</i> with a <i>mouth</i>  \\- which translate directly into <b>fortune-telling</b>. Note how the movement from top to bottom (the movement in which the kanji are written) is also the order of the elements which make up our story and of the key word itself: first <i>divining rod</i> , then <i>mouth</i>. This will not always be possible, but where it is, memory has almost no work at all to do.", "ks": "<b>Fortune-telling</b> : using a mouth as a divining rod.", "v": [{"w": "独占", "rd": "どくせん", "mn": "monopoly; monopolization; exclusivity", "fr": 6284}, {"w": "独り占め", "rd": "ひとりじめ", "mn": "hogging; having all to oneself; monopolising; monopolizing", "fr": 6389}, {"w": "占い", "rd": "うらない", "mn": "fortune-telling; divination", "fr": 7012}, {"w": "占める", "rd": "しめる", "mn": "to occupy; to hold", "fr": 8018}, {"w": "占領", "rd": "せんりょう", "mn": "occupying; having (an area) all to oneself", "fr": 10815}, {"w": "占拠", "rd": "せんきょ", "mn": "occupation; taking and maintaining exclusive control (of a location)", "fr": 11080}, {"w": "占う", "rd": "うらなう", "mn": "to tell someone's fortune; to divine (the future)", "fr": 12614}, {"w": "占い師", "rd": "うらないし", "mn": "diviner; fortune teller; soothsayer", "fr": 16312}, {"w": "買い占める", "rd": "かいしめる", "mn": "to buy up", "fr": 21237}, {"w": "占有", "rd": "せんゆう", "mn": "possession; occupation; occupancy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寡占", "rd": "かせん", "mn": "oligopoly; control of a market", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "星占い", "rd": "ほしうらない", "mn": "astrology; horoscope", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "買い占め", "rd": "かいしめ", "mn": "buying up of goods; cornering (market)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "廃", "g": 8, "o": 1086, "f": 698, "j": null, "on": "ハイ", "kun": "すた.れる、すた.る", "m": "abolish; obsolete; cessation; discarding; abandon", "pm": "abolish", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "発", "nj": "ハツ", "ne": "departure"}], "hc": "cave; dicharge; teepee; wigwam; two; human legs", "hk": "abolish", "hs": "Cave . . . discharge.", "ks": "I think <i>discharging</i> nuclear weapons should be <b>abolish</b> ed. That includes underground tests in <i>caves</i>. You listening Kim Jong-il?", "v": [{"w": "廃墟", "rd": "はいきょ", "mn": "ruins (of a building, town, etc.); remains", "fr": 11331}, {"w": "廃棄", "rd": "はいき", "mn": "disposal; abandonment; scrapping; discarding; abolition", "fr": 12937}, {"w": "廃止", "rd": "はいし", "mn": "abolition; discontinuance; discontinuation; repeal; annulment", "fr": 15777}, {"w": "荒廃", "rd": "こうはい", "mn": "ruin; destruction; devastation; waste; decay", "fr": 23412}, {"w": "全廃", "rd": "ぜんぱい", "mn": "total abolition; full phase-out; total repeal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "存廃", "rd": "そんぱい", "mn": "maintenance or abolition (of a system, institution, etc.); existence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "廃坑", "rd": "はいこう", "mn": "closure of a mine; abandoned mine; disused mine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "廃材", "rd": "はいざい", "mn": "scrap wood; waste wood", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "廃案", "rd": "はいあん", "mn": "rejected bill (project)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "廃棄物", "rd": "はいきぶつ", "mn": "waste matter; waste; garbage; trash", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "廃業", "rd": "はいぎょう", "mn": "discontinuation (of business); closing down; giving up (one's practice); retirin", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "廃絶", "rd": "はいぜつ", "mn": "abolition; elimination", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "撤廃", "rd": "てっぱい", "mn": "annulment; abolition; repeal; rescission", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "退廃", "rd": "たいはい", "mn": "(moral) decay; (social) decline; decadence; corruption; degeneration; deteriorat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "退廃的", "rd": "たいはいてき", "mn": "degenerate; decadent; corrupt", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "江", "g": 8, "o": 1087, "f": 704, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "え", "m": "creek; inlet; bay", "pm": "creek", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; craft", "hk": "creek", "hs": "Unlike the river, the ocean, the lake, and the pond, the <b>creek</b> is often no more then a dribble of <i>water</i> trickling down a small gully. While the geological history of the larger bodies of <i>water</i> is hard to surmise sometimes, all of us know from our childhood how <b>creeks</b> are made. You probably even dug one or two in your time. All you need to do is find a mainstream of <i>water</i> somewhere and dig a little path into dry land. The <b>creek</b> is thus a lesson in <i>water-craft</i> , as this kanji would agree.", "ks": "Using water and some craft , one can make a creek.", "v": [{"w": "江戸", "rd": "えど", "mn": "Edo (shogunate capital; former name of Tokyo); Yedo", "fr": 12792}, {"w": "江戸時代", "rd": "えどじだい", "mn": "Edo period (1603-1868)", "fr": 16018}, {"w": "江", "rd": "え", "mn": "inlet; bay", "fr": 23919}, {"w": "堀江", "rd": "ほりえ", "mn": "canal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "江戸っ子", "rd": "えどっこ", "mn": "(true) Tokyoite; Edoite; Tokyo native; Edokko", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "頼", "g": 8, "o": 1088, "f": 708, "j": null, "on": "ライ", "kun": "たの.む、たの.もしい、たよ.る", "m": "trust; request", "pm": "trust", "r": [{"c": "束", "nj": "ソク", "ne": "bundle"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "bundle; Chaplin; tree; wood; mouth; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "trust", "hs": "Bundle . . . head.", "ks": "We found a bundle of severed heads in your room, its difficult to <b>trust</b> you.", "v": [{"w": "頼む", "rd": "たのむ", "mn": "to request; to beg; to ask", "fr": 203}, {"w": "頼る", "rd": "たよる", "mn": "to rely on; to depend on; to count on; to turn to (for help)", "fr": 1086}, {"w": "信頼", "rd": "しんらい", "mn": "trust (in); confidence; faith; reliance", "fr": 1700}, {"w": "依頼", "rd": "いらい", "mn": "request; commission; entrusting (with a matter)", "fr": 2146}, {"w": "頼み", "rd": "たのみ", "mn": "request; favor; favour", "fr": 2247}, {"w": "頼もしい", "rd": "たのもしい", "mn": "reliable; dependable; trustworthy; reassuring", "fr": 3584}, {"w": "頼り", "rd": "たより", "mn": "reliance; dependence", "fr": 3874}, {"w": "頼りない", "rd": "たよりない", "mn": "unreliable; undependable; indefinite; vague", "fr": 4243}, {"w": "信頼性", "rd": "しんらいせい", "mn": "credibility; authenticity; confidence; reliability", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 22, "rp": 74, "l": 18, "n": "頼む 金額"}}, {"k": "僚", "g": 8, "o": 1089, "f": 709, "j": null, "on": "リョウ", "kun": "", "m": "colleague; official; companion", "pm": "colleague", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "尞", "nj": "リョウ", "ne": "fuel used for sacrifices"}], "hc": "person; pup tent; large; St. Bernard; sun; day; small; little", "hk": "colleague", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>pup tent</i>. Choose some connotation of the key word that will keep it distinct for you from <i>companion</i> (Frame 19), <i>friend</i> (Frame 760), <i>consort</i> (Frame 1287), and <i>comrade</i> (Frame 1765).", "ks": "Some businesses allow pets in the office. Here, my colleague is Mr T and he set up a little pup tent for his minidog, then turns around and completes his TPS reports.", "v": [{"w": "同僚", "rd": "どうりょう", "mn": "coworker; co-worker; colleague; associate", "fr": 4472}, {"w": "官僚", "rd": "かんりょう", "mn": "bureaucrat; government official; bureaucracy", "fr": 19768}, {"w": "僚友", "rd": "りょうゆう", "mn": "colleague; workmate; comrade; coworker", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "幕僚", "rd": "ばくりょう", "mn": "staff; staff officer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "閣僚", "rd": "かくりょう", "mn": "cabinet ministers", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "吉", "g": 8, "o": 1090, "f": 711, "j": null, "on": "キチ、キツ", "kun": "よし", "m": "good luck; joy; congratulations", "pm": "good luck", "r": [{"c": "士", "nj": "さむらい", "ne": "man"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "samurai; mouth", "hk": "good luck", "hs": "Here we see a <i>samurai</i> standing on a street with an open <i>mouth</i> , which people walk up to and look down deep inside of for <b>good luck</b>.", "ks": "The <i>samurai</i> 's wife gives him a (uhum) before battle for <b>good luck</b>.", "v": [{"w": "不吉", "rd": "ふきつ", "mn": "ominous; sinister; unlucky; inauspicious", "fr": 6405}, {"w": "吉兆", "rd": "きっちょう", "mn": "lucky omen; good omen", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "吉報", "rd": "きっぽう", "mn": "good news", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "途", "g": 8, "o": 1091, "f": 717, "j": null, "on": "ト", "kun": "みち", "m": "route; way; road", "pm": "route", "r": [{"c": "余", "nj": "ヨ", "ne": "too much"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "scales; too much; umbrella; potato; small; road", "hk": "route", "hs": "Scale . . . road.", "ks": "There are too many roads , so you need to plan a route.", "v": [{"w": "途中", "rd": "とちゅう", "mn": "on the way; en route", "fr": 689}, {"w": "途端", "rd": "とたん", "mn": "just (now, at the moment, etc.); just as; in the act of; as soon as; at the mome", "fr": 2893}, {"w": "途切れる", "rd": "とぎれる", "mn": "to break off; to come to an end; to be interrupted; to be cut short; to pause", "fr": 4657}, {"w": "中途", "rd": "ちゅうと", "mn": "halfway; midway; partway; mid-course", "fr": 5329}, {"w": "中途半端", "rd": "ちゅうとはんぱ", "mn": "halfway; half measures; unfinished; incomplete; by halves; half-baked; half-cock", "fr": 5629}, {"w": "途絶える", "rd": "とだえる", "mn": "to stop; to cease; to come to an end; to cut off", "fr": 6179}, {"w": "途端に", "rd": "とたんに", "mn": "just as; right after; in the act of; as soon as; at that moment", "fr": 6814}, {"w": "用途", "rd": "ようと", "mn": "use; service; purpose", "fr": 10928}, {"w": "一途", "rd": "いちず", "mn": "single-minded; intent; determined; wholehearted; earnest; devoted (to)", "fr": 13013}, {"w": "前途", "rd": "ぜんと", "mn": "future; prospects; outlook", "fr": 17179}, {"w": "途上", "rd": "とじょう", "mn": "on the way; en route", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "使途", "rd": "しと", "mn": "purpose for which money is spent; the way money is spent; how goods are used", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "別途", "rd": "べっと", "mn": "separate; special; another", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "帰途", "rd": "きと", "mn": "(the) way home; return trip; (the) way back", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "発展途上国", "rd": "はってんとじょうこく", "mn": "developing country", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 78, "rp": 14, "l": 2, "n": "除く"}}, {"k": "踏", "g": 8, "o": 1092, "f": 723, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "ふ.む、ふ.まえる", "m": "step; trample; carry through; appraise; evade payment", "pm": "step", "r": [{"c": "足", "nj": "あし", "ne": "foot"}, {"c": "沓", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "shoes"}], "hc": "wooden leg; mouth; stop; footprint; wednesday; boots; water; sun; day", "hk": "step", "hs": "The meaning of this character is virtually identical with that of the last frame. Be sure to come up with distinct connotations suggested by phrases in which each is commonly used. <i>Wooden leg</i> . . . <i>water</i> . . . <i>sun</i>.", "ks": "You have to watch your <b>step</b> when moving your <i>leg</i> on a <i>watery day</i>.", "v": [{"w": "踏む", "rd": "ふむ", "mn": "to step on; to tread on; to trample on", "fr": 1950}, {"w": "踏まえる", "rd": "ふまえる", "mn": "to be based on; to take into account; to build upon; to have origin in", "fr": 8945}, {"w": "踏ん張る", "rd": "ふんばる", "mn": "to brace one's legs; to stand firm; to plant one's feet (firmly on the ground)", "fr": 9480}, {"w": "踏み切る", "rd": "ふみきる", "mn": "to take off; to jump; to leap", "fr": 16147}, {"w": "足踏み", "rd": "あしぶみ", "mn": "stepping (in place); stamping (up and down); stomping; marking time (for a soldi", "fr": 17331}, {"w": "雑踏", "rd": "ざっとう", "mn": "hustle and bustle; throng; crowd; congestion; traffic jam", "fr": 18771}, {"w": "踏切", "rd": "ふみきり", "mn": "railway crossing; railroad crossing; train crossing; level crossing", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "舞踏", "rd": "ぶとう", "mn": "dance (esp. Western style); dancing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "踏み絵", "rd": "ふみえ", "mn": "fumi-e; fumie", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "抜", "g": 8, "o": 1093, "f": 726, "j": null, "on": "バツ、ハツ、ハイ", "kun": "ぬ.く、-ぬ.く、ぬ.き、ぬ.ける、ぬ.かす、ぬ.かる", "m": "slip out; extract; pull out; pilfer; quote; remove; omit", "pm": "slip out", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "友", "nj": "ユウ", "ne": "friend"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; friend; woman; crotch", "hk": "slip out", "hs": "Fingers . . . friend.", "ks": "Don't let good <i>friends</i> <b>slip out</b> between your <i>fingers</i>.", "v": [{"w": "抜ける", "rd": "ぬける", "mn": "to come out; to fall out; to be omitted; to be missing; to escape; to come loose", "fr": 922}, {"w": "抜く", "rd": "ぬく", "mn": "to pull out; to draw out; to extract; to unplug; to weed", "fr": 1432}, {"w": "抜け出す", "rd": "ぬけだす", "mn": "to slip out; to sneak away; to break free; to get through (a difficult situation", "fr": 2361}, {"w": "抜き", "rd": "ぬき", "mn": "leaving out; omitting; skipping; dispensing with", "fr": 3530}, {"w": "引き抜く", "rd": "ひきぬく", "mn": "to extract; to pull out; to draw out; to uproot", "fr": 4677}, {"w": "抜かる", "rd": "ぬかる", "mn": "to make a mistake", "fr": 5231}, {"w": "抜群", "rd": "ばつぐん", "mn": "outstanding; excellent; exceptional; distinguished; unrivaled; surpassing (e.g. ", "fr": 5760}, {"w": "間抜け", "rd": "まぬけ", "mn": "stupid; foolish; idiotic; inane", "fr": 6873}, {"w": "抜かす", "rd": "ぬかす", "mn": "to omit; to leave out; to skip", "fr": 7999}, {"w": "突き抜ける", "rd": "つきぬける", "mn": "to pierce through; to break through", "fr": 9037}, {"w": "追い抜く", "rd": "おいぬく", "mn": "to pass (a car); to overtake", "fr": 11677}, {"w": "手抜き", "rd": "てぬき", "mn": "omitting crucial steps; cutting corners; skimping", "fr": 15351}, {"w": "選抜", "rd": "せんばつ", "mn": "selection; choice; picking out", "fr": 15894}, {"w": "奇抜", "rd": "きばつ", "mn": "(very) unusual; unconventional; eccentric; novel; original; striking; bizarre; w", "fr": 18427}, {"w": "骨抜き", "rd": "ほねぬき", "mn": "boning (fish or meat); deboning", "fr": 21960}], "p": null}, {"k": "壊", "g": 8, "o": 1094, "f": 727, "j": null, "on": "カイ、エ", "kun": "こわ.す、こわ.れる、やぶ.る", "m": "demolition; break; destroy", "pm": "demolition", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; poltergeist; BernaE; ten; needle; eye; cross-eyed; net; top hat; scarf; cloth; clothes; clothing; garment", "hk": "demolition", "hs": "The right half of this character shows a <i>garment</i> woven so fine that it can pass through the <i>eye</i> of a <i>needle</i> , fittingly draped around the slithering, ethereal form of a poltergeist. In this frame, our eerie visitor brushes its robes against a nearby block of apartments and completely <b>demolishes</b> them, razing them to the <i>ground</i>.", "ks": "If you stand too close to a <b>DEMOLITION</b> site, the dust might sting you like NEEDLES in your EYE and get your GARMENTs all dirty.", "v": [{"w": "壊す", "rd": "こわす", "mn": "to break; to destroy; to demolish", "fr": 1110}, {"w": "壊れる", "rd": "こわれる", "mn": "to be broken; to break; to fall apart; to collapse; to be destroyed; to be damag", "fr": 1166}, {"w": "破壊", "rd": "はかい", "mn": "destruction; disruption", "fr": 2166}, {"w": "崩壊", "rd": "ほうかい", "mn": "collapse; crumbling; breaking down; caving in", "fr": 3640}, {"w": "壊滅", "rd": "かいめつ", "mn": "(complete) destruction; annihilation; devastation", "fr": 7620}, {"w": "取り壊し", "rd": "とりこわし", "mn": "demolition; pulling down; destruction; dismantling", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "損壊", "rd": "そんかい", "mn": "damage; destruction", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "債", "g": 8, "o": 1095, "f": 728, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "", "m": "bond; loan; debt", "pm": "bond", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "責", "nj": "セキ", "ne": "blame"}], "hc": "person; blame; grow up; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "bond", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>blame</i>. The key word refers to financial <b>bonds</b>.", "ks": "Mr. T's plot of world domination is foiled. Who is to blame? <b>Bond</b>. James <b>Bond</b>.", "v": [{"w": "負債", "rd": "ふさい", "mn": "debt; liabilities", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "債", "rd": "さい", "mn": "debt; loan", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "債券", "rd": "さいけん", "mn": "bond; debenture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "債務", "rd": "さいむ", "mn": "debt; liabilities; obligation to a person or party (usu. legal or contractual)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "債権", "rd": "さいけん", "mn": "credit; claim", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公債", "rd": "こうさい", "mn": "public debt; public bond; government securities", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公社債", "rd": "こうしゃさい", "mn": "public bonds", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "割引債", "rd": "わりびきさい", "mn": "discount bond", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国債", "rd": "こくさい", "mn": "national debt; national securities; government bonds; government securities", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "社債", "rd": "しゃさい", "mn": "corporate bond; corporate debenture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "起債", "rd": "きさい", "mn": "issuing of bonds", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "伸", "g": 8, "o": 1096, "f": 730, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "の.びる、の.ばす、の.べる、の.す", "m": "expand; stretch; extend; lengthen; increase", "pm": "expand", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "申", "nj": "シン", "ne": "have the honor to"}], "hc": "person; monkey; sun; day; stick", "hk": "expand", "hs": "Person . . . monkey.", "ks": "A person speaketh and expand s my knowledge.", "v": [{"w": "伸びる", "rd": "のびる", "mn": "to stretch; to extend; to lengthen; to grow (of hair, height, grass, etc.)", "fr": 1705}, {"w": "伸ばす", "rd": "のばす", "mn": "to grow long (e.g. hair, nails)", "fr": 1990}, {"w": "差し伸べる", "rd": "さしのべる", "mn": "to hold out; to extend (e.g. one's hands); to stretch; to reach out for", "fr": 12055}, {"w": "欠伸", "rd": "あくび", "mn": "yawn; yawning", "fr": 18102}, {"w": "伸び", "rd": "のび", "mn": "growth; development", "fr": 18267}, {"w": "伸び伸び", "rd": "のびのび", "mn": "comfortably; peacefully; freely; with one's mind at ease; without restraint; cal", "fr": 20972}, {"w": "引き伸ばす", "rd": "ひきのばす", "mn": "to stretch larger", "fr": 24072}, {"w": "伸し", "rd": "のし", "mn": "stretching", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "伸びやか", "rd": "のびやか", "mn": "comfortable; carefree", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "伸び悩む", "rd": "のびなやむ", "mn": "to be sluggish; to make little progress; to show little growth; to fail to impro", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "伸び率", "rd": "のびりつ", "mn": "growth rate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "伸縮", "rd": "しんしゅく", "mn": "expansion and contraction; elasticity; flexibility", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "急伸", "rd": "きゅうしん", "mn": "sudden rise (esp. of stock prices); jump", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "続伸", "rd": "ぞくしん", "mn": "continuous rise (in market price)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "追伸", "rd": "ついしん", "mn": "postscript; post scriptum; PS; P.S.", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "爆", "g": 8, "o": 1097, "f": 735, "j": null, "on": "バク", "kun": "は.ぜる", "m": "bomb; burst open; pop; split", "pm": "bomb", "r": [{"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}, {"c": "暴", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "outburst"}], "hc": "fire; outburst; strung together; salad; animal legs; eight; grains of rice", "hk": "bomb", "hs": "Fire . . . outburst.", "ks": "Actually means explosion, like an outburst of fire.", "v": [{"w": "爆発", "rd": "ばくはつ", "mn": "explosion; detonation; blast; blowing up; eruption", "fr": 1869}, {"w": "爆弾", "rd": "ばくだん", "mn": "bomb", "fr": 4334}, {"w": "爆破", "rd": "ばくは", "mn": "destructive blast; blowing up; explosion", "fr": 8833}, {"w": "爆笑", "rd": "ばくしょう", "mn": "roar of laughter (from multiple people); burst of laughter; uproarious laughter", "fr": 15106}, {"w": "爆音", "rd": "ばくおん", "mn": "(sound of an) explosion or detonation; roar (of a machine)", "fr": 15462}, {"w": "爆撃", "rd": "ばくげき", "mn": "bombing (raid)", "fr": 20356}, {"w": "爆薬", "rd": "ばくやく", "mn": "explosive; blasting powder", "fr": 21336}, {"w": "原爆", "rd": "げんばく", "mn": "atomic bomb; A-bomb", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "原水爆", "rd": "げんすいばく", "mn": "atomic and hydrogen bombs; nuclear and thermonuclear bombs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "水爆", "rd": "すいばく", "mn": "hydrogen bomb", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "爆竹", "rd": "ばくちく", "mn": "firecracker", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "空爆", "rd": "くうばく", "mn": "aerial bombing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "被爆", "rd": "ひばく", "mn": "being bombed", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "起爆", "rd": "きばく", "mn": "ignition; detonation; triggering; explosion", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "儀", "g": 8, "o": 1098, "f": 739, "j": null, "on": "ギ", "kun": "", "m": "ceremony; rule; affair; case; a matter", "pm": "ceremony", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "義", "nj": "ギ", "ne": "righteousness"}], "hc": "person; righteousness; sheep; ego; hand; fiesta", "hk": "ceremony", "hs": "Person . . . righteousness.", "ks": "Mr. T is the master of ceremonies because he is a righteous dude.", "v": [{"w": "儀式", "rd": "ぎしき", "mn": "ceremony; rite; ritual; service", "fr": 4150}, {"w": "礼儀", "rd": "れいぎ", "mn": "manners; courtesy; etiquette", "fr": 6008}, {"w": "お辞儀", "rd": "おじぎ", "mn": "bow; bowing", "fr": 10268}, {"w": "葬儀", "rd": "そうぎ", "mn": "funeral; funeral service", "fr": 10663}, {"w": "行儀", "rd": "ぎょうぎ", "mn": "manners; behavior; behaviour", "fr": 11768}, {"w": "儀", "rd": "ぎ", "mn": "ceremony", "fr": 12037}, {"w": "余儀なく", "rd": "よぎなく", "mn": "unavoidably; necessarily; inevitably", "fr": 21659}, {"w": "余儀なくされる", "rd": "よぎなくされる", "mn": "to be forced to do or experience something (against one's will); to be forced to", "fr": 23513}, {"w": "余儀ない", "rd": "よぎない", "mn": "unavoidable; inevitable; beyond one's control", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "儀礼", "rd": "ぎれい", "mn": "courtesy; etiquette; formality; protocol", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "地球儀", "rd": "ちきゅうぎ", "mn": "Earth globe (model); terrestrial globe", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "祝儀", "rd": "しゅうぎ", "mn": "celebration; celebratory event; wedding ceremony", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "継", "g": 8, "o": 1099, "f": 743, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "つ.ぐ、まま-", "m": "inherit; succeed; continue; patch; graft (tree)", "pm": "inherit", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; rice; fishhook", "hk": "inherit", "hs": "<i>Thread</i> . . . <i>rice</i> . . . <i>fishhook</i>. Compare frame 1218.", "ks": "<i>Spider- Man</i> is <i>hooked</i> on <i>rice</i> –it's all he <b>inherit</b> ed from his Uncle Ben. (thanks Nukemarine).", "v": [{"w": "継ぐ", "rd": "つぐ", "mn": "to succeed (a person, to a position, etc.); to inherit; to take over; to follow", "fr": 3020}, {"w": "受け継ぐ", "rd": "うけつぐ", "mn": "to inherit; to succeed; to take over", "fr": 4033}, {"w": "引き継ぐ", "rd": "ひきつぐ", "mn": "to take over (someone's duties, business, etc.); to inherit; to succeed to; to c", "fr": 4317}, {"w": "継続", "rd": "けいぞく", "mn": "continuation; continuance; maintenance; persistence; going on", "fr": 5933}, {"w": "中継", "rd": "ちゅうけい", "mn": "relay; hook-up", "fr": 8624}, {"w": "継承", "rd": "けいしょう", "mn": "inheritance; succession; accession", "fr": 13665}, {"w": "跡継ぎ", "rd": "あとつぎ", "mn": "heir; inheritor", "fr": 16216}, {"w": "引き継ぎ", "rd": "ひきつぎ", "mn": "taking over; handing over; transfer of control; inheriting; passing on the baton", "fr": 17998}, {"w": "中継ぎ", "rd": "なかつぎ", "mn": "joining; joint", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "後継", "rd": "こうけい", "mn": "succession", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "生中継", "rd": "なまちゅうけい", "mn": "live broadcast (radio, TV); live coverage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "継ぎ接ぎ", "rd": "つぎはぎ", "mn": "patching (clothing); darning", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "継投", "rd": "けいとう", "mn": "relieving the (starting) pitcher", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "継続的", "rd": "けいぞくてき", "mn": "continuous", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "狙", "g": 8, "o": 1100, "f": 745, "j": null, "on": "ソ、ショ", "kun": "ねら.う、ねら.い", "m": "aim at; sight; shadow; stalk", "pm": "aim at", "r": [{"c": "犭", "nj": "けものへん", "ne": "beast"}, {"c": "且", "nj": "ショ", "ne": "moreover"}], "hc": "pack of wild dogs; shelf; my bookshelves", "hk": "aim at", "hs": "Pack of wild dogs . . . shelf.", "ks": "I think the dogs purposely aim at your shelves to deal the most damage.", "v": [{"w": "狙う", "rd": "ねらう", "mn": "to aim at (with a weapon, etc.)", "fr": 709}, {"w": "狙い", "rd": "ねらい", "mn": "aim (of a gun, bow, etc.)", "fr": 2067}], "p": null}, {"k": "闘", "g": 8, "o": 1101, "f": 751, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "たたか.う、あらそ.う", "m": "fight; war", "pm": "fight", "r": [{"c": "門", "nj": "もんがまえ", "ne": "gate"}, {"c": "豆", "nj": "まめ", "ne": "bean"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "gates; beans; table; one; mouth; glue", "hk": "fight", "hs": "<i>Gates</i> . . . <i>table</i> . . . <i>glue</i>. Do not confuse with <i>contend</i> (Frame 1238).", "ks": "Bill Gates and Mr. Bean having a glue fight.", "v": [{"w": "戦闘", "rd": "せんとう", "mn": "battle; fight; combat", "fr": 3281}, {"w": "闘う", "rd": "たたかう", "mn": "to make war (on); to wage war (against); to go to war (with); to fight (with); t", "fr": 6858}, {"w": "格闘", "rd": "かくとう", "mn": "(hand-to-hand) fight; grapple; scuffle; tussle", "fr": 8594}, {"w": "奮闘", "rd": "ふんとう", "mn": "strenuous effort; hard struggle; working hard", "fr": 13396}, {"w": "闘志", "rd": "とうし", "mn": "fighting spirit; (will to) fight", "fr": 14090}, {"w": "闘争", "rd": "とうそう", "mn": "fight; battle; combat; conflict", "fr": 15636}, {"w": "健闘", "rd": "けんとう", "mn": "fighting bravely; strenuous efforts", "fr": 16760}, {"w": "共闘", "rd": "きょうとう", "mn": "joint struggle; common (united) front", "fr": 18956}, {"w": "戦闘機", "rd": "せんとうき", "mn": "fighter (aircraft)", "fr": 21886}, {"w": "乱闘", "rd": "らんとう", "mn": "confused fight; brawl; melee; scuffle; free-for-all", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "敢闘", "rd": "かんとう", "mn": "fighting bravely", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "春闘", "rd": "しゅんとう", "mn": "spring labor offensive; annual spring wage bargaining round", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "闘士", "rd": "とうし", "mn": "fighter (for); militant; champion (of); boxer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "闘病", "rd": "とうびょう", "mn": "fighting against an illness", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "葬", "g": 8, "o": 1102, "f": 754, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "ほうむ.る", "m": "interment; bury; shelve", "pm": "interment", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "死", "nj": "シ", "ne": "death"}, {"c": "廾", "nj": "にじゅうあし", "ne": "folded hands"}], "hc": "flowers; death; bones; one; ceiling; evening; spoon; sitting on the ground; two hands", "hk": "interment", "hs": "<i>Flowers</i> . . . <i>death</i> . . . <i>two hands</i>. Do not confuse with <i>bury</i> (Frame 191).", "ks": "I imagine an <b>interment</b> as a funeral. At this funeral it's an open casket, and the dead body (death) is holding flowers with both of its hands.", "v": [{"w": "葬る", "rd": "ほうむる", "mn": "to bury; to inter; to entomb", "fr": 7650}, {"w": "葬式", "rd": "そうしき", "mn": "funeral", "fr": 9877}, {"w": "葬儀", "rd": "そうぎ", "mn": "funeral; funeral service", "fr": 10663}, {"w": "お葬式", "rd": "おそうしき", "mn": "funeral", "fr": 16144}, {"w": "埋葬", "rd": "まいそう", "mn": "burial", "fr": 18214}, {"w": "冠婚葬祭", "rd": "かんこんそうさい", "mn": "important ceremonial occasions in family relationships", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "副葬品", "rd": "ふくそうひん", "mn": "grave goods; burial accessories", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "火葬", "rd": "かそう", "mn": "cremation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "社葬", "rd": "しゃそう", "mn": "company funeral", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "葬列", "rd": "そうれつ", "mn": "funeral procession", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "葬祭", "rd": "そうさい", "mn": "funerals and ceremonial occasions", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "葬送", "rd": "そうそう", "mn": "attending a funeral procession; seeing off the deceased; burial of someone's rem", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "避", "g": 8, "o": 1103, "f": 756, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "さ.ける、よ.ける", "m": "evade; avoid; avert; ward off; shirk; shun", "pm": "evade", "r": [{"c": "辟", "nj": "ヘキ", "ne": "false"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "ketchup; flag; mouth; spicy; stand up; vase; ten; needle; road", "hk": "evade", "hs": "Ketchup . . . road.", "ks": "You can try and <b>evade</b> them, but they'll ketchup with you on the road… Sorry, couldn't resist it.", "v": [{"w": "避ける", "rd": "さける", "mn": "to avoid (physical contact with)", "fr": 1128}, {"w": "回避", "rd": "かいひ", "mn": "evasion; avoidance", "fr": 3804}, {"w": "避難", "rd": "ひなん", "mn": "taking refuge; finding shelter; evacuation; escape; seeking safe haven", "fr": 3987}, {"w": "退避", "rd": "たいひ", "mn": "taking refuge; evacuation", "fr": 10842}, {"w": "逃避", "rd": "とうひ", "mn": "escape; evasion; flight", "fr": 15623}, {"w": "忌避", "rd": "きひ", "mn": "evasion; avoidance; shirking", "fr": 19789}, {"w": "不可避", "rd": "ふかひ", "mn": "inevitable; inescapable; unavoidable", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "避妊", "rd": "ひにん", "mn": "contraception; birth control", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "避暑", "rd": "ひしょ", "mn": "escaping the summer heat; going somewhere cooler during the summer; summering", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "避難民", "rd": "ひなんみん", "mn": "evacuees; displaced persons; refugees", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "普", "g": 8, "o": 1104, "f": 757, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "あまね.く、あまねし", "m": "universal; wide(ly); generally; Prussia", "pm": "universal", "r": [{"c": "並", "nj": "ヘイ", "ne": "row"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "row; sun; day", "hk": "universal", "hs": "Row . . . sun.", "ks": "People at <b>Universal</b> Studios wait in rows so long that the sun goes down.", "v": [{"w": "普通", "rd": "ふつう", "mn": "normal; ordinary; regular; usual; common; average", "fr": 382}, {"w": "普段", "rd": "ふだん", "mn": "usual; normal; everyday; habitual; ordinary", "fr": 1709}, {"w": "普及", "rd": "ふきゅう", "mn": "diffusion; spread; popularization; promulgation; familiarization", "fr": 15187}, {"w": "普段着", "rd": "ふだんぎ", "mn": "everyday clothes; ordinary clothes; casual wear; informal dress", "fr": 18991}, {"w": "普遍", "rd": "ふへん", "mn": "universal; general; ubiquitous; omnipresent", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "普賢", "rd": "ふげん", "mn": "Samantabhadra (bodhisattva); Universal Compassion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "普通選挙", "rd": "ふつうせんきょ", "mn": "universal suffrage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "普通預金", "rd": "ふつうよきん", "mn": "ordinary deposit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "普遍的", "rd": "ふへんてき", "mn": "universal; omnipresent; ubiquitous", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 57, "rp": 38, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "逮", "g": 8, "o": 1105, "f": 766, "j": null, "on": "タイ", "kun": "", "m": "apprehend; chase", "pm": "apprehend", "r": [{"c": "隶", "nj": "れいづくり", "ne": "to capture"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "sieve; rake; grains of rice; road", "hk": "apprehend", "hs": "Think of <b>apprehending</b> criminals. The elements are: <i>sieve</i> . . . <i>road</i>.", "ks": "Think police roadblocks. They act like road sieves, letting good people through but <b>apprehend</b> ing criminals.", "v": [{"w": "逮捕", "rd": "たいほ", "mn": "arrest; apprehension; capture", "fr": 3091}], "p": null}, {"k": "婚", "g": 8, "o": 1106, "f": 767, "j": null, "on": "コン", "kun": "", "m": "marriage", "pm": "marriage", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "昏", "nj": "コン", "ne": "dark"}], "hc": "woman; dusk; family name; day", "hk": "marriage", "hs": "Woman . . . family name . . . day.", "ks": "<b>Marriage</b> is the <i>day</i> in this <i>woman</i> 's life where she gets a new <i>family name</i>.", "v": [{"w": "結婚", "rd": "けっこん", "mn": "marriage", "fr": 781}, {"w": "離婚", "rd": "りこん", "mn": "divorce", "fr": 4027}, {"w": "結婚式", "rd": "けっこんしき", "mn": "marriage ceremony; wedding; nuptials", "fr": 4387}, {"w": "婚約者", "rd": "こんやくしゃ", "mn": "fiance; fiancee", "fr": 7970}, {"w": "婚約", "rd": "こんやく", "mn": "engagement; betrothal", "fr": 8399}, {"w": "再婚", "rd": "さいこん", "mn": "second marriage; remarriage", "fr": 10321}, {"w": "新婚", "rd": "しんこん", "mn": "newly-wed; newly married", "fr": 12038}, {"w": "結婚相手", "rd": "けっこんあいて", "mn": "marriage partner; spouse", "fr": 13922}, {"w": "婚姻", "rd": "こんいん", "mn": "marriage; matrimony", "fr": 16203}, {"w": "既婚", "rd": "きこん", "mn": "married", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "未婚", "rd": "みこん", "mn": "unmarried; not yet married", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "冠婚葬祭", "rd": "かんこんそうさい", "mn": "important ceremonial occasions in family relationships", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "晩婚", "rd": "ばんこん", "mn": "late marriage", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 104, "rp": 27, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "齢", "g": 8, "o": 1107, "f": 770, "j": null, "on": "レイ", "kun": "よわい、とし", "m": "age", "pm": "age", "r": [{"c": "歯", "nj": "は", "ne": "tooth"}, {"c": "令", "nj": "レイ", "ne": "orders"}], "hc": "teeth; tooth; stop; footprint; rice; shovel; orders; meeting; chop-seal; hanko", "hk": "age", "hs": "This character is used to express the years of one's <b>age</b>. Its elements: <i>teeth</i> . . . <i>orders</i>.", "ks": "You know you are fast approaching a ripe old <b>AGE</b> when you get ORDERS from the dentist to get new TEETH.", "v": [{"w": "年齢", "rd": "ねんれい", "mn": "age; years", "fr": 2259}, {"w": "高齢", "rd": "こうれい", "mn": "advanced age; old age", "fr": 21019}, {"w": "齢", "rd": "よわい", "mn": "(one's) age", "fr": 24256}, {"w": "学齢", "rd": "がくれい", "mn": "school age", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "年齢層", "rd": "ねんれいそう", "mn": "age range; age-group; age bracket", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "樹齢", "rd": "じゅれい", "mn": "age of a tree", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "老齢", "rd": "ろうれい", "mn": "old age; advanced age", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "適齢", "rd": "てきれい", "mn": "suitable age", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "適齢期", "rd": "てきれいき", "mn": "suitable age (esp. for marriage); marriageable age", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "高齢者", "rd": "こうれいしゃ", "mn": "old person; elderly person; senior citizen", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 68, "rp": 27, "l": 3, "n": "年齢 歯医者"}}, {"k": "迫", "g": 8, "o": 1108, "f": 773, "j": null, "on": "ハク", "kun": "せま.る", "m": "urge; force; imminent; spur on", "pm": "urge", "r": [{"c": "白", "nj": "しろ", "ne": "white"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "white; dove; road", "hk": "urge", "hs": "To <b>urge</b> someone to do something, you make the <i>way</i> as appealing as possible, perhaps even <i>white</i> washing it a bit.", "ks": "When you have the <b>URGE</b> to go to <i>White</i> Castle, you know it's time to hit the <i>road</i>.", "v": [{"w": "迫る", "rd": "せまる", "mn": "to approach; to draw near; to be imminent", "fr": 1586}, {"w": "迫力", "rd": "はくりょく", "mn": "impressiveness; impact; force; intensity; presence; appeal; strength; punch; edg", "fr": 4871}, {"w": "脅迫", "rd": "きょうはく", "mn": "threat; menace; coercion; blackmail", "fr": 6095}, {"w": "圧迫", "rd": "あっぱく", "mn": "pressure", "fr": 7537}, {"w": "気迫", "rd": "きはく", "mn": "spirit; soul; drive; vigor; vigour", "fr": 11166}, {"w": "緊迫", "rd": "きんぱく", "mn": "tension; strain", "fr": 14444}, {"w": "切迫", "rd": "せっぱく", "mn": "pressure; urgency; tension; imminence; acuteness", "fr": 17549}, {"w": "迫害", "rd": "はくがい", "mn": "persecution; oppression", "fr": 19272}, {"w": "迫撃", "rd": "はくげき", "mn": "close attack", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "迫撃砲", "rd": "はくげきほう", "mn": "mortar", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "浮", "g": 8, "o": 1109, "f": 776, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "う.く、う.かれる、う.かぶ、う.かべる", "m": "floating; float; rise to surface", "pm": "floating", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "孚", "nj": "フ", "ne": "sincere"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; fledgling; claw; vulture; child", "hk": "floating", "hs": "Water . . . fledglings.", "ks": "<b>Floating</b> rubber ducky!!!", "v": [{"w": "浮かぶ", "rd": "うかぶ", "mn": "to float; to be suspended", "fr": 1756}, {"w": "浮く", "rd": "うく", "mn": "to float", "fr": 2882}, {"w": "浮かべる", "rd": "うかべる", "mn": "to float; to set afloat; to launch", "fr": 3245}, {"w": "浮気", "rd": "うわき", "mn": "extramarital sex; affair; fooling around", "fr": 3732}, {"w": "浮かれる", "rd": "うかれる", "mn": "to make merry; to be festive", "fr": 4091}, {"w": "浮かび上がる", "rd": "うかびあがる", "mn": "to rise to the surface", "fr": 5615}, {"w": "浮上", "rd": "ふじょう", "mn": "surfacing; rising to the surface", "fr": 10147}, {"w": "浮遊", "rd": "ふゆう", "mn": "floating; drifting; suspension", "fr": 11066}, {"w": "浮き", "rd": "うき", "mn": "floating; buoyancy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浮き彫り", "rd": "うきぼり", "mn": "relief; embossed carving", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浮世絵", "rd": "うきよえ", "mn": "ukiyo-e; ukiyoe", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浮動票", "rd": "ふどうひょう", "mn": "swing vote", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浮揚", "rd": "ふよう", "mn": "floating (e.g. in air, water); floatation; buoyancy; buoying up (e.g. economy)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浮沈", "rd": "ふちん", "mn": "floating and sinking; rise and fall; ebb and flow; ups and downs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浮浪者", "rd": "ふろうしゃ", "mn": "vagrant; vagabond; tramp; homeless person; hobo; bum", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "惑", "g": 8, "o": 1110, "f": 777, "j": null, "on": "ワク", "kun": "まど.う", "m": "beguile; delusion; perplexity", "pm": "beguile", "r": [{"c": "或", "nj": "ワク", "ne": "some"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "a; pope; fiesta; mouth; one; floor; heart", "hk": "beguile", "hs": "The first three elements, <i>fiesta</i> . . . <i>mouth</i> . . . <i>floor</i> , appeared together once already in frame 380. Beneath them, once again, the <i>heart</i>.", "ks": "She was <b>beguiled</b> / <b>mislead</b> by his charm: at the party he kissed her on the <i>mouth</i> , they did it on the <i>floor</i> and thus he stole her <i>heart</i>. Poor girl!", "v": [{"w": "迷惑", "rd": "めいわく", "mn": "trouble; bother; annoyance; nuisance; inconvenience", "fr": 846}, {"w": "戸惑う", "rd": "とまどう", "mn": "to be bewildered; to be perplexed", "fr": 3434}, {"w": "困惑", "rd": "こんわく", "mn": "bewilderment; perplexity; embarrassment; discomfiture; bafflement", "fr": 4788}, {"w": "誘惑", "rd": "ゆうわく", "mn": "temptation; allurement; lure; enticement; seduction", "fr": 5050}, {"w": "惑わす", "rd": "まどわす", "mn": "to bewilder; to perplex; to puzzle; to delude; to mislead; to deceive", "fr": 5200}, {"w": "思惑", "rd": "おもわく", "mn": "expectation; anticipation; prediction; forecast; calculations", "fr": 5314}, {"w": "戸惑い", "rd": "とまどい", "mn": "being at sea; losing one's bearings; confusion; wonderment", "fr": 5708}, {"w": "疑惑", "rd": "ぎわく", "mn": "doubt; misgivings; distrust; suspicion", "fr": 6475}, {"w": "惑星", "rd": "わくせい", "mn": "planet", "fr": 12560}, {"w": "魅惑", "rd": "みわく", "mn": "fascination; captivation; charm; lure; allurement", "fr": 20254}, {"w": "当惑", "rd": "とうわく", "mn": "bewilderment; perplexity; embarrassment; confusion", "fr": 23152}, {"w": "小惑星", "rd": "しょうわくせい", "mn": "asteroid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "迷惑行為", "rd": "めいわくこうい", "mn": "disruptive behaviour; harassment; abusive behaviour", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "崩", "g": 8, "o": 1111, "f": 778, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "くず.れる、-くず.れ、くず.す", "m": "crumble; die; demolish; level", "pm": "crumble", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "朋", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "companion"}], "hc": "mountain; companion; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "crumble", "hs": "Mountain . . . companion.", "ks": "Sam and Frodo were steadfast <i>companions</i> even as <i>Mount Doom</i> <b>crumble</b> d above them.", "v": [{"w": "崩れる", "rd": "くずれる", "mn": "to collapse; to crumble", "fr": 2142}, {"w": "崩す", "rd": "くずす", "mn": "to destroy; to demolish; to pull down; to tear down; to level", "fr": 2605}, {"w": "崩壊", "rd": "ほうかい", "mn": "collapse; crumbling; breaking down; caving in", "fr": 3640}, {"w": "崩落", "rd": "ほうらく", "mn": "collapse; break; cave-in; crash", "fr": 18732}, {"w": "雪崩", "rd": "なだれ", "mn": "avalanche; snowslide", "fr": 23012}, {"w": "切り崩す", "rd": "きりくずす", "mn": "to level (earth); to cut through (a mountain)", "fr": 24193}, {"w": "山崩れ", "rd": "やまくずれ", "mn": "landslide", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "崩れ", "rd": "くずれ", "mn": "crumbling; collapse; ruin", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "聴", "g": 8, "o": 1112, "f": 781, "j": null, "on": "チョウ、テイ", "kun": "き.く、ゆる.す", "m": "listen; headstrong; naughty; careful inquiry", "pm": "listen", "r": [{"c": "耳", "nj": "みみ", "ne": "ear"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "ear; stethoscope; camel; ten; needle; eye; cross-eyed; net; heart", "hk": "listen", "hs": "<i>Ear</i> . . . <i>needle</i> . . . <i>eye</i> . . . <i>heart</i>. Compare frame 427 for this and the following kanji, and then once again when you get to frame 950.", "ks": "I promise to use my <i>ear</i> to do nothing but <b>listen</b> … stick a <i>needle</i> in my <i>eye</i> , cross my <i>heart</i> and hope to die! (Intentionally said backwards to get the order of the primitives correct).", "v": [{"w": "聴く", "rd": "きく", "mn": "to hear", "fr": 2599}, {"w": "聴覚", "rd": "ちょうかく", "mn": "(sense of) hearing; auditory perception", "fr": 13351}, {"w": "視聴者", "rd": "しちょうしゃ", "mn": "viewer (esp. of television, streaming video content); audience; viewership; list", "fr": 15102}, {"w": "盗聴", "rd": "とうちょう", "mn": "interception (email); wiretap; bug", "fr": 16655}, {"w": "視聴", "rd": "しちょう", "mn": "looking and listening; (television) viewing; watching", "fr": 20684}, {"w": "聴取", "rd": "ちょうしゅ", "mn": "hearing (of a statement, opinion, explanation, etc.); asking; questioning (e.g. ", "fr": 21207}, {"w": "聴講", "rd": "ちょうこう", "mn": "lecture attendance; auditing", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "傍聴", "rd": "ぼうちょう", "mn": "listening (to a lecture, hearing, parliament session, etc.); attending (without ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "傾聴", "rd": "けいちょう", "mn": "listening closely", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公聴会", "rd": "こうちょうかい", "mn": "public hearing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "聴聞", "rd": "ちょうもん", "mn": "listening; hearing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "聴衆", "rd": "ちょうしゅう", "mn": "audience; attendance; hearers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "補聴器", "rd": "ほちょうき", "mn": "hearing aid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "視聴率", "rd": "しちょうりつ", "mn": "ratings (e.g. of a television program); audience rating; viewing rate", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "難聴", "rd": "なんちょう", "mn": "hardness of hearing; bradyacusia; deafness; hearing loss", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "脱", "g": 8, "o": 1113, "f": 782, "j": null, "on": "ダツ", "kun": "ぬ.ぐ、ぬ.げる", "m": "undress; removing; escape from; get rid of; be left out; take off", "pm": "undress", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "兌", "nj": "ダ", "ne": "exchange"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; devil; horns; elder brother; teenager; mouth; human legs", "hk": "undress", "hs": "To <b>undress</b> is to expose the <i>flesh</i> and tempt the <i>devil</i> in the eyes of one's onlookers. Ignore the moral if you want, but not the <i>devil</i>.", "ks": "HORNY TEENAGERS love to <b>UNDRESS</b> FLESH.", "v": [{"w": "脱ぐ", "rd": "ぬぐ", "mn": "to take off (clothes, shoes, etc.); to undress", "fr": 1688}, {"w": "脱出", "rd": "だっしゅつ", "mn": "escape; getting away (from); getting out (of)", "fr": 2828}, {"w": "離脱", "rd": "りだつ", "mn": "withdrawal; secession; separation; breakaway", "fr": 8584}, {"w": "脱走", "rd": "だっそう", "mn": "escape; flight; breakout; fleeing; desertion", "fr": 9514}, {"w": "脱する", "rd": "だっする", "mn": "to escape from; to get out", "fr": 12044}, {"w": "脱落", "rd": "だつらく", "mn": "dropping out; falling behind; falling by the wayside; desertion", "fr": 13895}, {"w": "脱線", "rd": "だっせん", "mn": "derailment", "fr": 14141}, {"w": "逸脱", "rd": "いつだつ", "mn": "deviation; departure", "fr": 15824}, {"w": "脱衣所", "rd": "だついじょ", "mn": "bathroom antechamber; dressing room; sink area", "fr": 15901}, {"w": "脱退", "rd": "だったい", "mn": "withdrawal (e.g. from an organization); secession; leaving; pulling out", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "脱却", "rd": "だっきゃく", "mn": "ridding oneself; freeing oneself of; growing out of; overcoming; outgrowing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脱水", "rd": "だっすい", "mn": "dehydration (removal of water); desiccation; evaporation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脱皮", "rd": "だっぴ", "mn": "ecdysis; shedding (of skin); sloughing; molting; moulting; casting off", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脱硫", "rd": "だつりゅう", "mn": "desulfurization; desulphurisation; desulphurization", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脱税", "rd": "だつぜい", "mn": "tax evasion", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "押", "g": 8, "o": 1114, "f": 789, "j": null, "on": "オウ", "kun": "お.す、お.し-、お.っ-、お.さえる、おさ.える", "m": "push; stop; check; subdue; attach; seize; weight; shove; press; seal; do in spite of", "pm": "push", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "甲", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "armor"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; armour; armor; roots", "hk": "push", "hs": "<i>Fingers</i> . . . <i>roots</i>. Compare and contrast with <i>pluck</i> (Frame 1187).", "ks": "<b>Push</b> the <i>roots</i> down, instead of plucking the seedling.", "v": [{"w": "押す", "rd": "おす", "mn": "to push; to thrust; to shove", "fr": 1005}, {"w": "押さえる", "rd": "おさえる", "mn": "to pin down; to hold down; to press down; to hold in place; to hold steady", "fr": 1832}, {"w": "押し付ける", "rd": "おしつける", "mn": "to press against; to push against; to force against", "fr": 4015}, {"w": "押し込む", "rd": "おしこむ", "mn": "to push into; to cram into; to stuff into; to crowd into", "fr": 5078}, {"w": "押し切る", "rd": "おしきる", "mn": "to overcome (opposition); to push past; to force one's way", "fr": 7989}, {"w": "押し", "rd": "おし", "mn": "push; pushing", "fr": 8273}, {"w": "後押し", "rd": "あとおし", "mn": "pushing; support; backing; supporter; backer", "fr": 8720}, {"w": "押し入る", "rd": "おしいる", "mn": "to push in; to force into; to break in (e.g. into a house); to intrude", "fr": 13203}, {"w": "押し入れ", "rd": "おしいれ", "mn": "closet (built into the wall, usu. with sliding doors); (built-in) wardrobe", "fr": 17911}, {"w": "押収", "rd": "おうしゅう", "mn": "seizure; confiscation", "fr": 18999}, {"w": "押し入り", "rd": "おしいり", "mn": "breaking into; burglar", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "押し出し", "rd": "おしだし", "mn": "pushing something out; extrusion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "押し問答", "rd": "おしもんどう", "mn": "arguing back and forth; bandying words; verbal tug-of-war", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "押し売り", "rd": "おしうり", "mn": "high-pressure selling; aggressive peddling; the hard sell; high-pressure salesma", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "押入れ", "rd": "おしいれ", "mn": "closet (built into the wall, usu. with sliding doors); (built-in) wardrobe", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 96, "rp": 17, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "倒", "g": 8, "o": 1115, "f": 791, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "たお.れる、-だお.れ、たお.す、さかさま、さかさ、さかしま", "m": "overthrow; fall; collapse; drop; break down", "pm": "overthrow", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "到", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "arrival"}], "hc": "person; arrival; climax; wall; one; ceiling; elbow; soil; dirt; ground; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "overthrow", "hs": "Person . . . arrival.", "ks": "The A-Team are planning to <b>overthrow</b> the government. However, they can't do a damn thing until <i>Mr T arrives</i>.", "v": [{"w": "倒れる", "rd": "たおれる", "mn": "to fall (over, down); to collapse; to take a fall; to topple", "fr": 840}, {"w": "面倒", "rd": "めんどう", "mn": "trouble; bother", "fr": 1019}, {"w": "倒す", "rd": "たおす", "mn": "to throw down; to bring down; to blow down; to fell; to knock down; to set (some", "fr": 1159}, {"w": "圧倒的", "rd": "あっとうてき", "mn": "overwhelming", "fr": 2681}, {"w": "面倒くさい", "rd": "めんどくさい", "mn": "bothersome; tiresome; bother to do", "fr": 3671}, {"w": "圧倒", "rd": "あっとう", "mn": "to overwhelm (e.g. an opponent); to overpower; to crush; to defeat completely", "fr": 5300}, {"w": "転倒", "rd": "てんとう", "mn": "fall; falling down; tumbling; toppling (over)", "fr": 11963}, {"w": "打倒", "rd": "だとう", "mn": "overthrow; defeat; bringing down; knockdown", "fr": 13646}, {"w": "面倒臭い", "rd": "めんどうくさい", "mn": "bothersome; tiresome; bother to do", "fr": 13921}, {"w": "倒産", "rd": "とうさん", "mn": "(corporate) bankruptcy; insolvency; commercial failure; failed business", "fr": 15823}, {"w": "共倒れ", "rd": "ともだおれ", "mn": "falling together; mutual destruction; joint bankruptcy", "fr": 24730}, {"w": "一辺倒", "rd": "いっぺんとう", "mn": "complete devotion (to); total commitment (to); unvarying support (for); unwaveri", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "倒れ", "rd": "たおれ", "mn": "collapse; collapsing; death", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "倒置", "rd": "とうち", "mn": "turning upside down", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "倒錯", "rd": "とうさく", "mn": "perversion", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 69, "rp": 22, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "了", "g": 8, "o": 1116, "f": 792, "j": null, "on": "リョウ", "kun": "", "m": "complete; finish", "pm": "complete", "r": [{"c": "亅", "nj": "はねぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke with a hook"}], "hc": "child with arms wrapped up", "hk": "complete", "hs": "Learn this character by returning to frame 99 and the image given there. The only difference is that the \"arms\" have been left off (actually, only tucked inside). Thus a <i>child</i> with its arms wrapped up into the back-sack is the picture of a job successfully <b>completed</b>.", "ks": "The child in not complete. He's got no arms!", "v": [{"w": "了解", "rd": "りょうかい", "mn": "comprehension; consent; understanding; agreement", "fr": 1278}, {"w": "終了", "rd": "しゅうりょう", "mn": "end; close; conclusion; termination", "fr": 1641}, {"w": "完了", "rd": "かんりょう", "mn": "completion; conclusion", "fr": 2137}, {"w": "了承", "rd": "りょうしょう", "mn": "acknowledgement; acknowledgment; understanding; approval; consent", "fr": 7325}, {"w": "魅了", "rd": "みりょう", "mn": "charm; fascination", "fr": 9201}, {"w": "了", "rd": "りょう", "mn": "finish; completion; the end", "fr": 16922}, {"w": "終了後", "rd": "しゅうりょうご", "mn": "after the end (of something)", "fr": 17082}, {"w": "修了", "rd": "しゅうりょう", "mn": "completion (of a course)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "ご了承ください", "rd": "ごりょうしょうください", "mn": "please be aware (that ...); please note (that ...); please understand (that ...)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "満了", "rd": "まんりょう", "mn": "expiration; termination", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "患", "g": 8, "o": 1117, "f": 796, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "わずら.う", "m": "afflicted; disease; suffer from; be ill", "pm": "afflicted", "r": [{"c": "串", "nj": "カン", "ne": "spit"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "kebab; in; stick; mouth; heart", "hk": "afflicted", "hs": "Shish kebab . . . heart.", "ks": "A person who is <b>afflicted</b> with the vampire disease can only be killed with a <i>sheesh-kebab</i> through the <i>heart</i>.", "v": [{"w": "患者", "rd": "かんじゃ", "mn": "patient", "fr": 4171}, {"w": "患う", "rd": "わずらう", "mn": "to be ill; to suffer from", "fr": 13952}, {"w": "急患", "rd": "きゅうかん", "mn": "emergency case", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "患部", "rd": "かんぶ", "mn": "affected part; diseased part; wound", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "疾患", "rd": "しっかん", "mn": "disease; illness; disorder; condition; ailment", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "締", "g": 8, "o": 1118, "f": 797, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "し.まる、し.まり、し.める、-し.め、-じ.め", "m": "tighten; tie; shut; lock; fasten", "pm": "tighten", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "帝", "nj": "テイ", "ne": "sovereign"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; sovereign; vase; stand up; apron; crown; towel", "hk": "tighten", "hs": "Thread . . . sovereign.", "ks": "The Sovereign (a crazy comic book villain) has been caught by Spiderman. He's trying to get free so Spiderman tighten s the web around him.", "v": [{"w": "締める", "rd": "しめる", "mn": "to tie; to fasten; to tighten", "fr": 3973}, {"w": "締まる", "rd": "しまる", "mn": "to be shut; to close; to be closed", "fr": 7547}, {"w": "握り締める", "rd": "にぎりしめる", "mn": "to grasp tightly", "fr": 9708}, {"w": "引き締める", "rd": "ひきしめる", "mn": "to tighten; to stiffen; to brace; to strain", "fr": 10446}, {"w": "締め切り", "rd": "しめきり", "mn": "deadline; closing; cut-off", "fr": 11345}, {"w": "引き締まる", "rd": "ひきしまる", "mn": "to become tense; to be tightened; to become firm (e.g. body)", "fr": 12262}, {"w": "締め付け", "rd": "しめつけ", "mn": "pressure; clamping; tightening; fastening", "fr": 13960}, {"w": "戸締まり", "rd": "とじまり", "mn": "locking up (doors and windows); fastening the doors", "fr": 16317}, {"w": "取り締まる", "rd": "とりしまる", "mn": "to manage; to control; to supervise; to oversee; to command", "fr": 17374}, {"w": "取り締まり", "rd": "とりしまり", "mn": "control; management; supervision", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "締め切る", "rd": "しめきる", "mn": "to close up; to shut up (e.g. behind doors)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "締切", "rd": "しめきり", "mn": "deadline; closing; cut-off", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "取締役", "rd": "とりしまりやく", "mn": "company director; board member", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "取締役会", "rd": "とりしまりやくかい", "mn": "board of directors", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "取締法", "rd": "とりしまりほう", "mn": "control law", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "執", "g": 8, "o": 1119, "f": 800, "j": null, "on": "シツ、シュウ", "kun": "と.る", "m": "tenacious; take hold; grasp; take to heart", "pm": "tenacious", "r": [{"c": "幸", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "happiness"}, {"c": "丸", "nj": "ガン", "ne": "round"}], "hc": "happiness; ten; needle; stand up; vase; fat man; musashimaru; nine; baseball; drop", "hk": "tenacious", "hs": "Happiness . . . fat man.", "ks": "<b>Tenacious</b> -D is <i>happy</i> band led by a <i>fat man</i>. (It's <b>Tenacious</b> -D time, ya muthafucka', gwaoh!).", "v": [{"w": "執着", "rd": "しゅうちゃく", "mn": "attachment; adhesion; insistence; tenacity; fixation; obsession; clinging (e.g. ", "fr": 5357}, {"w": "執念", "rd": "しゅうねん", "mn": "tenacity; persistence; obsession; implacability", "fr": 9051}, {"w": "執筆", "rd": "しっぴつ", "mn": "writing; authoring", "fr": 9141}, {"w": "執行", "rd": "しっこう", "mn": "execution; carrying out; performance; enforcement; exercise; service; conduct", "fr": 13252}, {"w": "固執", "rd": "こしつ", "mn": "sticking to (an opinion, theory, belief, etc.); clinging to; adherence; persiste", "fr": 13687}, {"w": "確執", "rd": "かくしつ", "mn": "discord; antagonism", "fr": 21369}, {"w": "執る", "rd": "とる", "mn": "to take (trouble); to attend (to business); to command (army)", "fr": 22566}, {"w": "中執", "rd": "ちゅうしつ", "mn": "Central Executive Committee", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "執務", "rd": "しつむ", "mn": "performance of one's official duties", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "執行委員", "rd": "しっこういいん", "mn": "executive committee", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "執行猶予", "rd": "しっこうゆうよ", "mn": "stay of execution; suspended sentence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "執行部", "rd": "しっこうぶ", "mn": "(the) executive; administration; leadership", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "絡", "g": 8, "o": 1120, "f": 806, "j": null, "on": "ラク", "kun": "から.む、から.まる", "m": "entwine; coil around; get caught in", "pm": "entwine", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "各", "nj": "カク", "ne": "each"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; each; walking legs; mouth", "hk": "entwine", "hs": "Thread . . . each.", "ks": "When threads become <b>entwine</b> d, <i>each</i> <i>thread</i> is tangled to another.", "v": [{"w": "連絡", "rd": "れんらく", "mn": "contacting; (making) contact; getting in touch; communication; correspondence; c", "fr": 496}, {"w": "絡む", "rd": "からむ", "mn": "to twine; to get tangled; to get entangled; to get caught (in)", "fr": 2838}, {"w": "連絡先", "rd": "れんらくさき", "mn": "contact information (address, phone number, etc.)", "fr": 4857}, {"w": "ご連絡", "rd": "ごれんらく", "mn": "contacting; getting in touch; communication; call; message", "fr": 7510}, {"w": "絡み合う", "rd": "からみあう", "mn": "to intertwine; to become entangled; to get tangled (together)", "fr": 8779}, {"w": "絡み", "rd": "からみ", "mn": "linkage; entanglement; involvement; relationship; interaction", "fr": 11441}, {"w": "脈絡", "rd": "みゃくらく", "mn": "logical connection; chain of reasoning; coherence; context", "fr": 17217}, {"w": "短絡", "rd": "たんらく", "mn": "short circuit; short", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 25, "rp": 38, "l": 7, "n": ""}}, {"k": "房", "g": 8, "o": 1121, "f": 808, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "ふさ", "m": "tassel; tuft; fringe; bunch; lock (hair); segment (orange); house; room", "pm": "tassel", "r": [{"c": "戸", "nj": "コ", "ne": "door"}, {"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}], "hc": "door; one; ceiling; flag; compass; direction", "hk": "tassel", "hs": "Door . . . compass.", "ks": "Explanation here: <http://forum.koohii.com/viewtopic.php?pid=14684#p14684>.", "v": [{"w": "女房", "rd": "にょうぼう", "mn": "wife (esp. one's own wife)", "fr": 6423}, {"w": "厨房", "rd": "ちゅうぼう", "mn": "kitchen; galley", "fr": 9061}, {"w": "乳房", "rd": "ちぶさ", "mn": "breast; udder", "fr": 9289}, {"w": "工房", "rd": "こうぼう", "mn": "workshop; studio; atelier", "fr": 15311}, {"w": "暖房", "rd": "だんぼう", "mn": "(indoor) heating", "fr": 18064}, {"w": "冷房", "rd": "れいぼう", "mn": "air conditioning; air cooling", "fr": 21041}, {"w": "房", "rd": "ふさ", "mn": "tuft (of hair, threads, etc.); fringe; tassel", "fr": 22300}, {"w": "文房具", "rd": "ぶんぼうぐ", "mn": "stationery", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "内閣官房", "rd": "ないかくかんぼう", "mn": "Cabinet Secretariat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "冷暖房", "rd": "れいだんぼう", "mn": "air conditioning and heating", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "官房", "rd": "かんぼう", "mn": "government secretariat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "官房長官", "rd": "かんぼうちょうかん", "mn": "Chief Cabinet Secretary (Japan)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "書房", "rd": "しょぼう", "mn": "study; library", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "独房", "rd": "どくぼう", "mn": "single-person cell; isolation cell; solitary cell; solitary confinement cell", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "募", "g": 8, "o": 1122, "f": 809, "j": null, "on": "ボ", "kun": "つの.る", "m": "recruit; campaign; gather (contributions); enlist; grow violent", "pm": "recruit", "r": [{"c": "莫", "nj": "バク", "ne": "must not"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "graveyard; flowers; sun; day; large; St. Bernard; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "recruit", "hs": "Graveyard . . . power.", "ks": "The necromancer hangs out at the local <i>graveyard</i> and uses his dark <i>powers</i> to <b>recruit</b> an army of undead. Emphasize the verb form to keep distinct from the noun [cadet](../v4/1173.html) (#1173 曹).", "v": [{"w": "募集", "rd": "ぼしゅう", "mn": "recruitment; invitation; selection; advertisement; taking applications", "fr": 5434}, {"w": "募る", "rd": "つのる", "mn": "to become stronger; to grow in intensity; to grow violent; to become worse", "fr": 5813}, {"w": "応募", "rd": "おうぼ", "mn": "application; subscription; entry (competition, raffle, etc.); enlistment", "fr": 8176}, {"w": "公募", "rd": "こうぼ", "mn": "public appeal (e.g. for contributions); public advertisement (of a post); open r", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "募金", "rd": "ぼきん", "mn": "fundraising; collection of contributions", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "大募集", "rd": "だいぼしゅう", "mn": "mass recruitment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "応募者", "rd": "おうぼしゃ", "mn": "applicant", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "撤", "g": 8, "o": 1123, "f": 811, "j": null, "on": "テツ", "kun": "", "m": "remove; withdraw; disarm; dismantle; reject; exclude", "pm": "remove", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "育", "nj": "イク", "ne": "bring up"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; borstal; bring up; infant; toddler; top hat; elbow; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; taskmaster", "hk": "remove", "hs": "Fingers . . . bring up . . . taskmaster.", "ks": "A terrible yakuza <b>taskmaster</b> is <b>bringing up</b> his infant. Every time the infant does something wrong… well, you know what happens to yakuzas when they do something wrong.", "v": [{"w": "撤退", "rd": "てったい", "mn": "evacuation; withdrawal; revocation; repeal; retreat", "fr": 5845}, {"w": "撤回", "rd": "てっかい", "mn": "withdrawal; retraction; revocation; repeal", "fr": 7932}, {"w": "撤収", "rd": "てっしゅう", "mn": "removal (of a building, equipment, etc.); dismantling (e.g. a tent); striking (a", "fr": 9883}, {"w": "撤去", "rd": "てっきょ", "mn": "removal; taking away; dismantling (a building, facilities, etc.); withdrawal (of", "fr": 16507}, {"w": "撤兵", "rd": "てっぺい", "mn": "withdrawal of troops", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "撤廃", "rd": "てっぱい", "mn": "annulment; abolition; repeal; rescission", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "払", "g": 8, "o": 1124, "f": 813, "j": null, "on": "フツ、ヒツ、ホツ", "kun": "はら.う、-はら.い、-ばら.い", "m": "pay; clear out; prune; banish; dispose of", "pm": "pay", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; elbow", "hk": "pay", "hs": "Finger . . . elbow.", "ks": "It costs an arm and a leg but I pay a finger and an elbow …", "v": [{"w": "払う", "rd": "はらう", "mn": "to pay (e.g. money, bill)", "fr": 826}, {"w": "支払う", "rd": "しはらう", "mn": "to pay", "fr": 4514}, {"w": "支払い", "rd": "しはらい", "mn": "payment", "fr": 7460}, {"w": "払い", "rd": "はらい", "mn": "payment; bill; account", "fr": 8791}, {"w": "払拭", "rd": "ふっしょく", "mn": "wiping out; sweeping away; eradicating; dispelling", "fr": 13650}, {"w": "酔っ払う", "rd": "よっぱらう", "mn": "to get drunk", "fr": 16899}, {"w": "門前払い", "rd": "もんぜんばらい", "mn": "turning someone away (at the front door); refusing a visitor; shutting the door ", "fr": 22525}, {"w": "酔っ払い", "rd": "よっぱらい", "mn": "drunkard", "fr": 24329}, {"w": "払い戻す", "rd": "はらいもどす", "mn": "to repay; to pay back; to refund; to reimburse", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "払い込む", "rd": "はらいこむ", "mn": "to deposit; to pay in", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "お支払い方法", "rd": "おしはらいほうほう", "mn": "payment method", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "不払い", "rd": "ふばらい", "mn": "nonpayment; default", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "分割払い", "rd": "ぶんかつばらい", "mn": "payment by installments; payment by instalments; hire-purchase", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "利払い", "rd": "りばらい", "mn": "interest payment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "前払い", "rd": "まえばらい", "mn": "payment in advance; advance payment; prepayment", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 515, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": "払う 仏教"}}, {"k": "削", "g": 8, "o": 1125, "f": 814, "j": null, "on": "サク", "kun": "けず.る、はつ.る、そ.ぐ", "m": "plane; sharpen; whittle; pare; shave", "pm": "plane", "r": [{"c": "肖", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "resemblance"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "resemblance; spark; candle; small; little; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "plane", "hs": "Long before the invention of the carpenter's <b>plane</b> , people used knives and machetes (or here, <i>sabers</i> ) to smooth out their woodwork. If you have ever seen the process, you will have been amazed at the speed and agility with which the adept can <b>plane</b> a hunk of wood into shape. Indeed, you can almost see the <i>sparks</i> fly from their <i>sabers</i>.", "ks": "<i>Sparks</i> will fly if you attempt to <b>PLANE</b> your <i>sabre</i>.", "v": [{"w": "削る", "rd": "けずる", "mn": "to shave (wood, leather, etc.); to sharpen (e.g. pencil); to plane; to whittle; ", "fr": 3684}, {"w": "削除", "rd": "さくじょ", "mn": "deletion; elimination; erasure; striking out", "fr": 9064}, {"w": "削減", "rd": "さくげん", "mn": "cut; reduction; curtailment", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "削り節", "rd": "けずりぶし", "mn": "flaked bonito", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "掘削", "rd": "くっさく", "mn": "digging out; excavation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "添削", "rd": "てんさく", "mn": "correction; looking over; touching up", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "措", "g": 8, "o": 1126, "f": 818, "j": null, "on": "ソ", "kun": "お.く", "m": "set aside; give up; suspend; discontinue; lay aside; except", "pm": "set aside", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "昔", "nj": "セキ", "ne": "once upon a time"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; once upon a time; storyteller; salad; sun; day", "hk": "set aside", "hs": "Fingers . . . once upon a time.", "ks": "<i>Long ago</i> our ancestors <b>set aside</b> the use of fingers and began to use cutlery. (Raichu,11-7-2006) The way I remember it's 昔 [once upon a time](../v4/1184.html) (#1184 昔) rather than 旧 [olden times](../v4/35.html) (#35 旧) is that they began to use cutlery to eat <i>salad</i>. (I also think about how when you visit the Medieval Times theme park, which is set in <i>Once upon a time</i> , their gimmick is that you eat with your fingers.).", "v": [{"w": "措置", "rd": "そち", "mn": "measure; step; action", "fr": 14003}], "p": null}, {"k": "載", "g": 8, "o": 1127, "f": 825, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "の.せる、の.る", "m": "ride; board; get on; place; spread; 10**44; record; publish", "pm": "ride", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}], "hc": "Thanksgiving; harvest festival; ten; needle; fiesta; car; vehicle", "hk": "load", "hs": "One <b>loads</b> bales on a wagon or <i>cart</i> in preparation for the great Hay Ride that follows the <i>Thanksgiving</i> dinner each year.", "ks": "Load the crops into the wagon in preparation for the harvest festival.", "v": [{"w": "載る", "rd": "のる", "mn": "to be placed on; to be set on; to be piled on; to be loaded on", "fr": 2668}, {"w": "掲載", "rd": "けいさい", "mn": "publication (e.g. of an article in a newspaper); carrying (e.g. a story); runnin", "fr": 6947}, {"w": "連載", "rd": "れんさい", "mn": "serialization; serialisation; serial story", "fr": 8482}, {"w": "記載", "rd": "きさい", "mn": "mention (in a document); record; entry; statement; listing", "fr": 9685}, {"w": "搭載", "rd": "とうさい", "mn": "loading (on a ship); equipping (an aircraft, car, etc.) with; being equipped wit", "fr": 11789}, {"w": "満載", "rd": "まんさい", "mn": "full load; being fully loaded (with); being loaded to capacity (with); carrying ", "fr": 12465}, {"w": "登載", "rd": "とうさい", "mn": "running (an article); carrying; printing; publication", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "積載", "rd": "せきさい", "mn": "loading; carrying", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "昇", "g": 8, "o": 1128, "f": 826, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "のぼ.る", "m": "rise up", "pm": "rise up", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "升", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "measuring box"}], "hc": "sun; day; measuring box; thousand; drop; ten; needle", "hk": "rise up", "hs": "Our image here is made up of two primitive elements: a <i>sun</i> and a <i>measuring box</i>. Just as the <i>sun</i> can be seen <b>rising up</b> in the morning from - where else - the Land of the Rising Sun, this kanji has the <i>sun</i> <b>rising up</b> out of a Japanese <i>measuring box</i>  \\- the \" <i>measuring box</i> of the <b>rising-up</b> <i>sun</i>. \"", "ks": "We Measure the Sun to decide when we should Rise Up out of bed.", "v": [{"w": "昇る", "rd": "のぼる", "mn": "to ascend; to go up; to climb", "fr": 4626}, {"w": "上昇", "rd": "じょうしょう", "mn": "rising; ascending; climbing", "fr": 5042}, {"w": "昇進", "rd": "しょうしん", "mn": "promotion; advancement; rising in rank", "fr": 14026}, {"w": "昇格", "rd": "しょうかく", "mn": "promotion; raising of status", "fr": 14594}, {"w": "昇級", "rd": "しょうきゅう", "mn": "promotion; advancement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "昇給", "rd": "しょうきゅう", "mn": "salary raise", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "陣", "g": 8, "o": 1129, "f": 828, "j": null, "on": "ジン", "kun": "", "m": "camp; battle array; ranks; position; sudden; brief time", "pm": "camp", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; car", "hk": "camp", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . car.", "ks": "Paparazzi make <b>camp</b> outside of <i>The Pinnacle</i> in their <i>cars</i> , waiting for the celebs to come out.", "v": [{"w": "陣営", "rd": "じんえい", "mn": "camp (supporters of a doctrine, party, etc.); faction (of a party)", "fr": 15312}, {"w": "出陣", "rd": "しゅつじん", "mn": "going into battle; departure for the front", "fr": 15391}, {"w": "陣地", "rd": "じんち", "mn": "encampment; position", "fr": 20281}, {"w": "布陣", "rd": "ふじん", "mn": "battle formation", "fr": 20841}, {"w": "先陣", "rd": "せんじん", "mn": "vanguard; advance guard", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "初陣", "rd": "ういじん", "mn": "one's first campaign; one's first battle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "報道陣", "rd": "ほうどうじん", "mn": "press corps", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "退陣", "rd": "たいじん", "mn": "resignation; stepping down; retirement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陣中", "rd": "じんちゅう", "mn": "in camp; at the front", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陣容", "rd": "じんよう", "mn": "battle formation; battle array", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陣痛", "rd": "じんつう", "mn": "labour pains; labor pains; birth pains; contractions", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陣頭", "rd": "じんとう", "mn": "head of an army", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "為", "g": 8, "o": 1130, "f": 831, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "ため、な.る、な.す、す.る、たり、つく.る、なり", "m": "do; change; make; benefit; welfare; be of use; reach to; try; practice; cost; serve as; good; advantage; as a result of", "pm": "do", "r": [{"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}, {"c": "勹", "nj": "つつみがまえ", "ne": "to wrap"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "so; strange building; tail feathers", "hk": "do", "hs": "This character rightly belongs to the previous lesson, but we held it until now because of the final element, the <i>tail feathers</i>. After the <i>drop</i> at the outset, the next three strokes are completely novel and should be given special attention.", "ks": "Do me from behind, says the bird, as she shakes her tailfeathers.", "v": [{"w": "行為", "rd": "こうい", "mn": "act; deed; conduct", "fr": 1749}, {"w": "為", "rd": "ため", "mn": "good; advantage; benefit; welfare", "fr": 4747}, {"w": "為す", "rd": "なす", "mn": "to do; to commit; to carry out; to bring about", "fr": 13601}, {"w": "無為", "rd": "むい", "mn": "idleness; inactivity", "fr": 17391}, {"w": "人為的", "rd": "じんいてき", "mn": "artificial; unnatural; human-caused (e.g. mistake, error, disaster); man-made", "fr": 20691}, {"w": "為に", "rd": "ために", "mn": "for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; in favor of; in favour of; on behalf o", "fr": 24746}, {"w": "為替", "rd": "かわせ", "mn": "money order; draft", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "人為", "rd": "じんい", "mn": "human work; human agency; art; artificiality", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "為政者", "rd": "いせいしゃ", "mn": "statesman; administrator; politician; policymaker", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "為替相場", "rd": "かわせそうば", "mn": "exchange rate; rate of exchange", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "迷惑行為", "rd": "めいわくこうい", "mn": "disruptive behaviour; harassment; abusive behaviour", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "遅", "g": 8, "o": 1131, "f": 833, "j": null, "on": "チ", "kun": "おく.れる、おく.らす、おそ.い", "m": "slow; late; back; later", "pm": "slow", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "flag; sheep; road", "hk": "slow", "hs": "Flag . . . sheep . . . road.", "ks": "Road sign ( flag ): \" Sheep on highway! Drive slowly.\".", "v": [{"w": "遅い", "rd": "おそい", "mn": "slow", "fr": 350}, {"w": "遅れる", "rd": "おくれる", "mn": "to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind schedule; to be overdue", "fr": 995}, {"w": "遅刻", "rd": "ちこく", "mn": "lateness; tardiness; arriving late", "fr": 2485}, {"w": "手遅れ", "rd": "ておくれ", "mn": "being too late; losing one's final chance", "fr": 4301}, {"w": "遅れ", "rd": "おくれ", "mn": "delay; lag; falling behind", "fr": 7906}, {"w": "出遅れる", "rd": "でおくれる", "mn": "to get a late start", "fr": 16418}, {"w": "乗り遅れる", "rd": "のりおくれる", "mn": "to miss (a train, bus, etc.)", "fr": 22247}, {"w": "遅らす", "rd": "おくらす", "mn": "to delay; to postpone; to slow down; to retard", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "遅々", "rd": "ちち", "mn": "slow; lagging; tardy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遅咲き", "rd": "おそざき", "mn": "blooming late; flowering late; blossoming late", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遅延", "rd": "ちえん", "mn": "delay; latency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遅滞", "rd": "ちたい", "mn": "delay; procrastination", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遅配", "rd": "ちはい", "mn": "delay (in payment, delivery, rationing, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 27, "rp": 37, "l": 8, "n": ""}}, {"k": "抑", "g": 8, "o": 1132, "f": 834, "j": null, "on": "ヨク", "kun": "おさ.える", "m": "repress; well; now; in the first place; push; shove; press; seal; do in spite of", "pm": "repress", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "卩", "nj": "ふしづくり", "ne": "stamp"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; stamp album; box; stamps", "hk": "repress", "hs": "Fingers . . . box . . . stamps.", "ks": "A true <i>stamp</i> collecting nerd won't be able to <b>repress</b> the urge to get his <i>fingers</i> on the latest <i>box</i> of collector <i>stamps</i>!", "v": [{"w": "抑える", "rd": "おさえる", "mn": "to keep within limits (e.g. spending); to restrain (e.g. emotions); to control; ", "fr": 1647}, {"w": "抑制", "rd": "よくせい", "mn": "control; restraint; suppression; constraint; curtailment; inhibition; check; cur", "fr": 13509}, {"w": "抑圧", "rd": "よくあつ", "mn": "check; restraint; oppression; suppression", "fr": 20787}, {"w": "抑揚", "rd": "よくよう", "mn": "intonation; accent; modulation; inflection", "fr": 24309}, {"w": "抑え", "rd": "おさえ", "mn": "weight (e.g. paperweight); pressing down", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抑止", "rd": "よくし", "mn": "keeping in check; holding back; deterrence; restraint; suppression", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抑留", "rd": "よくりゅう", "mn": "internment; detainment; detention", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "択", "g": 8, "o": 1133, "f": 847, "j": null, "on": "タク", "kun": "えら.ぶ", "m": "choose; select; elect; prefer", "pm": "choose", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "尺", "nj": "シャク", "ne": "shaku"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; shaku-hachi; flag; stick", "hk": "choose", "hs": "Fingers . . . shakuhachi.", "ks": "Hand job or \"shakuhachi\", <b>choose</b>.", "v": [{"w": "選択", "rd": "せんたく", "mn": "choice; selection; option", "fr": 1868}, {"w": "選択肢", "rd": "せんたくし", "mn": "choices; alternatives; options", "fr": 2957}, {"w": "採択", "rd": "さいたく", "mn": "adoption; selection; choice", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "二者択一", "rd": "にしゃたくいつ", "mn": "choosing between two things; two choices", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "択一", "rd": "たくいつ", "mn": "choosing one from among several; multiple choice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "選択科目", "rd": "せんたくかもく", "mn": "elective subject or course", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "秀", "g": 8, "o": 1134, "f": 848, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "ひい.でる", "m": "excel; excellence; beauty; surpass", "pm": "excel", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "乃", "nj": "ナイ", "ne": "from"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; fist; from", "hk": "excel", "hs": "Wheat . . . fist.", "ks": "The icon of the Special edition of Microsoft Excel for Farmers shows a fist holding wheat.", "v": [{"w": "優秀", "rd": "ゆうしゅう", "mn": "superior; excellent; brilliant; outstanding", "fr": 1708}, {"w": "秀でる", "rd": "ひいでる", "mn": "to excel; to surpass; to be superior; to be better (than others at something)", "fr": 17883}, {"w": "秀才", "rd": "しゅうさい", "mn": "bright person; talented student; prodigy", "fr": 22154}, {"w": "秀作", "rd": "しゅうさく", "mn": "excellent (piece of) work", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "秀逸", "rd": "しゅういつ", "mn": "excellent; superb; first-rate", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "徴", "g": 8, "o": 1135, "f": 850, "j": null, "on": "チョウ、チ", "kun": "しるし", "m": "indications; sign; omen; symptom; collect; seek; refer to; question", "pm": "indications", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "sherpa; Nelson; column; going; line; mountain; king; jewel; ball; taskmaster", "hk": "indications", "hs": "Line . . . mountain . . . king . . . taskmaster.", "ks": "If you see a <i>column</i> of <i>kings</i> being marched up the <i>mountain</i> under a <i>taskmaster</i> 's whip… <b>indications</b> are, there has been a coup.", "v": [{"w": "特徴", "rd": "とくちょう", "mn": "feature; trait; characteristic; peculiarity; distinction", "fr": 3025}, {"w": "象徴", "rd": "しょうちょう", "mn": "symbol (of something abstract); emblem; (symbolic) representation", "fr": 4698}, {"w": "徴収", "rd": "ちょうしゅう", "mn": "collection (of fees, taxes, etc.); levy", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "徴兵", "rd": "ちょうへい", "mn": "conscription; (military) draft; (compulsory) enlistment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "徴税", "rd": "ちょうぜい", "mn": "tax collection; taxation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "課徴金", "rd": "かちょうきん", "mn": "charges (i.e. fees)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "象徴的", "rd": "しょうちょうてき", "mn": "symbolic; symbolical", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "追徴", "rd": "ついちょう", "mn": "supplementary charge; additional collection", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "弾", "g": 8, "o": 1136, "f": 853, "j": null, "on": "ダン、タン", "kun": "ひ.く、-ひ.き、はず.む、たま、はじ.く、はじ.ける、ただ.す、はじ.きゆみ", "m": "bullet; twang; flip; snap", "pm": "bullet", "r": [{"c": "弓", "nj": "ゆみ", "ne": "bow （in archery）"}, {"c": "単", "nj": "タン", "ne": "simple"}], "hc": "bow; simple; owl; rice field; brains; ten; needle", "hk": "bullet", "hs": "Bow . . . simple.", "ks": "Hunting with a <i>bow</i> is too complicated. I'm switching to something <i>simpler</i> –using a <b>bullet</b>.", "v": [{"w": "弾く", "rd": "はじく", "mn": "to flip; to snap; to flick", "fr": 3375}, {"w": "爆弾", "rd": "ばくだん", "mn": "bomb", "fr": 4334}, {"w": "弾む", "rd": "はずむ", "mn": "to spring; to bound; to bounce", "fr": 5393}, {"w": "弾丸", "rd": "だんがん", "mn": "bullet; shot; shell", "fr": 7918}, {"w": "弾力", "rd": "だんりょく", "mn": "elasticity; flexibility", "fr": 9716}, {"w": "銃弾", "rd": "じゅうだん", "mn": "bullet (from a rifle)", "fr": 10330}, {"w": "糾弾", "rd": "きゅうだん", "mn": "censure; denunciation; (verbal) attack; blaming", "fr": 13721}, {"w": "砲弾", "rd": "ほうだん", "mn": "shell; cannonball", "fr": 19227}, {"w": "弾み", "rd": "はずみ", "mn": "bounce; spring; rebound", "fr": 21328}, {"w": "ロケット弾", "rd": "ロケットだん", "mn": "rocket", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "実弾", "rd": "じつだん", "mn": "real bullet; live ammunition; live round; loaded cartridge; loaded shell", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弾劾", "rd": "だんがい", "mn": "impeachment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弾圧", "rd": "だんあつ", "mn": "oppression; suppression; pressure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弾薬", "rd": "だんやく", "mn": "ammunition; ammo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弾道", "rd": "だんどう", "mn": "trajectory; line of fire", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "償", "g": 8, "o": 1137, "f": 854, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "つぐな.う", "m": "reparation; make up for; recompense; redeem", "pm": "reparation", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "賞", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "prize"}], "hc": "person; prize; outhouse; small; little; crown; mouth; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "reparation", "hs": "Person . . . prize.", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> says, \"This ain't no <i>prize</i> , foo! This is <b>reparations</b> for slavery!\".", "v": [{"w": "償う", "rd": "つぐなう", "mn": "to make up for; to compensate for; to indemnify; to recompense; to redeem (e.g. ", "fr": 5327}, {"w": "代償", "rd": "だいしょう", "mn": "compensation; reparation; indemnification", "fr": 5636}, {"w": "無償", "rd": "むしょう", "mn": "without compensation; without reward; without pay", "fr": 10132}, {"w": "償い", "rd": "つぐない", "mn": "recompense; indemnity; atonement", "fr": 10543}, {"w": "弁償", "rd": "べんしょう", "mn": "compensation; indemnification; reparation; restitution; recompense", "fr": 12308}, {"w": "有償", "rd": "ゆうしょう", "mn": "(involving) payment; (involving) compensation; paying a fee", "fr": 24794}, {"w": "補償", "rd": "ほしょう", "mn": "compensation; reparation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "賠償", "rd": "ばいしょう", "mn": "compensation; reparations; indemnity; damages", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "償却", "rd": "しょうきゃく", "mn": "repayment; redemption", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "償還", "rd": "しょうかん", "mn": "repayment; redemption; amortization; amortisation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "損害賠償", "rd": "そんがいばいしょう", "mn": "restitution; damages; indemnity; compensation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "減価償却", "rd": "げんかしょうきゃく", "mn": "depreciation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賠償金", "rd": "ばいしょうきん", "mn": "indemnities; reparations", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "拠", "g": 8, "o": 1138, "f": 858, "j": null, "on": "キョ、コ", "kun": "よ.る", "m": "foothold; based on; follow; therefore", "pm": "foothold", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "処", "nj": "ショ", "ne": "dispose"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; dispose; walking legs; wind", "hk": "foothold", "hs": "Fingers . . . dispose.", "ks": "Once you have a good foothold , you can dispose of your finger hold.", "v": [{"w": "証拠", "rd": "しょうこ", "mn": "evidence; proof", "fr": 1006}, {"w": "根拠", "rd": "こんきょ", "mn": "basis; grounds; foundation; reason; authority", "fr": 3524}, {"w": "拠点", "rd": "きょてん", "mn": "base (of operations); site; location; center; foothold; stronghold; (strategic) ", "fr": 6428}, {"w": "占拠", "rd": "せんきょ", "mn": "occupation; taking and maintaining exclusive control (of a location)", "fr": 11080}, {"w": "拠出", "rd": "きょしゅつ", "mn": "donation; contribution", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "本拠", "rd": "ほんきょ", "mn": "stronghold; inner citadel; base; headquarters", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "準拠", "rd": "じゅんきょ", "mn": "being based on; following (a rule, guidelines, etc.); conforming to (standards, ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "論拠", "rd": "ろんきょ", "mn": "grounds of an argument", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "更", "g": 8, "o": 1139, "f": 861, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "さら、さら.に、ふ.ける、ふ.かす", "m": "grow late; night watch; sit up late; of course; renew; renovate; again; more and more; further", "pm": "grow late", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "乂", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "mow"}], "hc": "Ameratasu; one; ceiling; sun; tucked under the arm", "hk": "grow late", "hs": "The implication behind the meaning of <b>grow late</b> is that things are changing in the same way that the day turns into night. The elements: <i>ceiling</i> . . . <i>sun</i> . . . <i>tucked under the arm</i>.", "ks": "I keep one sun tucked under my arm for light when it grows late.", "v": [{"w": "今更", "rd": "いまさら", "mn": "now (when it is already much too late); at this stage", "fr": 1986}, {"w": "変更", "rd": "へんこう", "mn": "change; modification; alteration; revision; amendment", "fr": 2169}, {"w": "更に", "rd": "さらに", "mn": "furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more", "fr": 2423}, {"w": "更新", "rd": "こうしん", "mn": "renewal; update; replacement; renovation; breaking (a record)", "fr": 6132}, {"w": "夜更かし", "rd": "よふかし", "mn": "staying up late; sitting up late at night; keeping late hours", "fr": 11023}, {"w": "尚更", "rd": "なおさら", "mn": "still more; even more; all the more", "fr": 11763}, {"w": "更衣室", "rd": "こういしつ", "mn": "locker room; changing room; dressing room", "fr": 12014}, {"w": "更ける", "rd": "ふける", "mn": "to get late; to advance; to wear on", "fr": 15498}, {"w": "満更", "rd": "まんざら", "mn": "(not) altogether; (not) wholly", "fr": 17115}, {"w": "夜更け", "rd": "よふけ", "mn": "late at night; small hours of the morning", "fr": 17799}, {"w": "更生", "rd": "こうせい", "mn": "rehabilitation; remaking one's life; starting life anew", "fr": 18068}, {"w": "会社更生法", "rd": "かいしゃこうせいほう", "mn": "Corporate Reorganization Act", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "変更届", "rd": "へんこうとどけ", "mn": "notification of change; alteration report; registration of modification", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "更年期", "rd": "こうねんき", "mn": "menopause; climacteric", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "更改", "rd": "こうかい", "mn": "renewal; extension; revision", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 106, "rp": 18, "l": 3, "n": "変更 更に 便利"}}, {"k": "拒", "g": 8, "o": 1140, "f": 863, "j": null, "on": "キョ、ゴ", "kun": "こば.む", "m": "repel; refuse; reject; decline", "pm": "repel", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "巨", "nj": "キョ", "ne": "gigantic"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; gigantic; Fafner", "hk": "repel", "hs": "Fingers . . . gigantic.", "ks": "Having <i>gigantic</i> <i>fingers</i> is useful to <b>repel</b> insects. You can swat them away a lot easier!", "v": [{"w": "拒否", "rd": "きょひ", "mn": "refusal; rejection; denial; veto", "fr": 2980}, {"w": "拒む", "rd": "こばむ", "mn": "to refuse; to reject; to decline", "fr": 3946}, {"w": "拒絶", "rd": "きょぜつ", "mn": "refusal; rejection", "fr": 4503}, {"w": "拒否権", "rd": "きょひけん", "mn": "right of veto", "fr": 19555}, {"w": "拒絶反応", "rd": "きょぜつはんのう", "mn": "(transplant) rejection", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "刑", "g": 8, "o": 1141, "f": 864, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "", "m": "punish; penalty; sentence; punishment", "pm": "punish", "r": [{"c": "开", "nj": "", "ne": "open"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "two hands; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "punish", "hs": "Two hands . . . saber.", "ks": "I'm gonna use my two hands and my saber to punish you naughty girls!", "v": [{"w": "刑事", "rd": "けいじ", "mn": "(police) detective", "fr": 4394}, {"w": "処刑", "rd": "しょけい", "mn": "execution", "fr": 7320}, {"w": "刑", "rd": "けい", "mn": "penalty; sentence; punishment", "fr": 8448}, {"w": "刑務所", "rd": "けいむしょ", "mn": "prison; jail; gaol; penitentiary", "fr": 9098}, {"w": "死刑", "rd": "しけい", "mn": "death penalty; capital punishment", "fr": 9584}, {"w": "刑罰", "rd": "けいばつ", "mn": "(criminal) punishment; penalty; sentence", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "刑事事件", "rd": "けいじじけん", "mn": "criminal case", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "刑事責任", "rd": "けいじせきにん", "mn": "criminal liability", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "刑法", "rd": "けいほう", "mn": "criminal law; penal code", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "受刑", "rd": "じゅけい", "mn": "punishment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "実刑", "rd": "じっけい", "mn": "prison sentence (without a stay of execution)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "死刑囚", "rd": "しけいしゅう", "mn": "criminal condemned to death; convict on death row", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "求刑", "rd": "きゅうけい", "mn": "recommended sentence; prosecution's demand for punishment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "絞首刑", "rd": "こうしゅけい", "mn": "death by hanging; execution by hanging", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "量刑", "rd": "りょうけい", "mn": "judge's sentence; assessment of a case", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "塚", "g": 8, "o": 1142, "f": 869, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "つか、-づか", "m": "hillock; mound", "pm": "hillock", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "冢", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "mound"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; crown; pig; sow", "hk": "hillock", "hs": "<i>Soil</i> . . . <i>crown</i> . . . <i>sow</i>. Compare frame 582.", "ks": "There's already King of the Hill. This is Queen of the <b>Hillock</b>. It's <i>Ms. Piggy</i> sitting on top of a mound of <i>soil</i> in her <i>crown</i>.", "v": [{"w": "一里塚", "rd": "いちりづか", "mn": "milestone (1 ri apart)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塚", "rd": "つか", "mn": "mound; heap; hillock", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "致", "g": 8, "o": 1143, "f": 870, "j": null, "on": "チ", "kun": "いた.す", "m": "doth; do; send; forward; cause; exert; incur; engage", "pm": "doth", "r": [{"c": "至", "nj": "いたる", "ne": "to arrive"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "climax; wall; one; ceiling; elbow; soil; dirt; ground; taskmaster", "hk": "doth", "hs": "The archaic English form for \"does\" indicates a humble form of the verb \"to do.\" It is made up of <i>climax</i> and <i>taskmaster</i>.", "ks": "To reach climax I doth the bidding of my dominatrix taskmaster.", "v": [{"w": "一致", "rd": "いっち", "mn": "agreement; accord; correspondence; consistency; coincidence; match", "fr": 3470}, {"w": "致す", "rd": "いたす", "mn": "to do", "fr": 4883}, {"w": "致命的", "rd": "ちめいてき", "mn": "fatal; lethal", "fr": 6546}, {"w": "致命傷", "rd": "ちめいしょう", "mn": "fatal wound", "fr": 8972}, {"w": "拉致", "rd": "らち", "mn": "taking captive; carrying away; kidnapping; kidnaping; abduction", "fr": 9881}, {"w": "合致", "rd": "がっち", "mn": "agreement; concurrence; conformance; compliance", "fr": 14903}, {"w": "お願い致します", "rd": "おねがいいたします", "mn": "please", "fr": 15209}, {"w": "雅致", "rd": "がち", "mn": "artistry; good taste; elegance; grace", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "どう致しまして", "rd": "どういたしまして", "mn": "you're welcome; don't mention it; not at all; my pleasure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拉致問題", "rd": "らちもんだい", "mn": "abduction issue (esp. of those Japanese abducted by North Korea)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "招致", "rd": "しょうち", "mn": "invitation; summons; bidding (e.g. to host the Olympics); calling", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "満場一致", "rd": "まんじょういっち", "mn": "unanimity; unanimous consent; unanimous agreement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "致死", "rd": "ちし", "mn": "lethal; fatal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "致死量", "rd": "ちしりょう", "mn": "lethal dose", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "誘致", "rd": "ゆうち", "mn": "attraction; lure; invitation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "抱", "g": 8, "o": 1144, "f": 871, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "だ.く、いだ.く、かか.える", "m": "embrace; hug; hold in arms", "pm": "embrace", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "包", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "wrap"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; wrap; bound up; snake; self", "hk": "embrace", "hs": "Fingers . . . wrap.", "ks": "When embracing someone, wrap your fingers around her butt for added effect. You may think of \"bound with snakes\" as a description of the fingers slithering around the buttocks, if you want a particularly graphic image.", "v": [{"w": "抱く", "rd": "いだく", "mn": "to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby); to embrace; to hug", "fr": 1087}, {"w": "抱える", "rd": "かかえる", "mn": "to hold in one's arms; to carry in one's arms; to carry under one's arm; to hold", "fr": 1282}, {"w": "辛抱", "rd": "しんぼう", "mn": "patience; endurance; perseverance", "fr": 5529}, {"w": "抱き合う", "rd": "だきあう", "mn": "to embrace each other", "fr": 7004}, {"w": "抱っこ", "rd": "だっこ", "mn": "carrying in one's arms (a baby, pet, doll, etc.); holding", "fr": 11936}, {"w": "抱擁", "rd": "ほうよう", "mn": "embrace; hug; holding in one's arms", "fr": 12709}, {"w": "抱え", "rd": "かかえ", "mn": "armful", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抱負", "rd": "ほうふ", "mn": "aspiration; ambition; plan; hopes; wishes", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 11, "rp": 29, "l": 4, "n": "抱える 包む"}}, {"k": "繰", "g": 8, "o": 1145, "f": 872, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "く.る", "m": "winding; reel; spin; turn (pages); look up; refer to", "pm": "winding", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "喿", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "chirping of birds"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; furniture; goods; mouth; tree; wood", "hk": "winding", "hs": "Thread . . . goods . . . tree.", "ks": "After stopping a bank heist, Spiderman is seen <b>winding</b> his webbing around the stolen goods to trap them in a tree until the police arrive to take them back.", "v": [{"w": "繰り返す", "rd": "くりかえす", "mn": "to repeat; to do over again", "fr": 1091}, {"w": "繰り返し", "rd": "くりかえし", "mn": "repetition; repeat; reiteration; iteration; refrain; cycle", "fr": 4920}, {"w": "繰り広げる", "rd": "くりひろげる", "mn": "to unfold; to unroll; to open", "fr": 5407}, {"w": "繰り出す", "rd": "くりだす", "mn": "to draw (a thread); to let out (e.g. a rope)", "fr": 5925}, {"w": "繰る", "rd": "くる", "mn": "to reel; to wind; to spin (thread)", "fr": 21796}, {"w": "やり繰り", "rd": "やりくり", "mn": "making do; getting by (somehow); managing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "繰り上げ", "rd": "くりあげ", "mn": "upward move; advance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "繰り上げる", "rd": "くりあげる", "mn": "to move up; to advance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "繰り出し梯子", "rd": "くりだしはしご", "mn": "extension ladder; aerial ladder", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "繰り延べ", "rd": "くりのべ", "mn": "postponement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "繰入", "rd": "くりいれ", "mn": "inward transfer (of money); carry over (money from previous period)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "資金繰り", "rd": "しきんぐり", "mn": "fundraising; financing; cash flow", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "尾", "g": 8, "o": 1146, "f": 875, "j": null, "on": "ビ", "kun": "お", "m": "tail; end; counter for fish; lower slope of mountain", "pm": "tail", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "毛", "nj": "け", "ne": "hair"}], "hc": "flag; fur", "hk": "tail", "hs": "Flag . . . fur.", "ks": "A dog waves its furry <b>tail</b> like a flag.", "v": [{"w": "尻尾", "rd": "しっぽ", "mn": "tail (of an animal)", "fr": 4773}, {"w": "尾行", "rd": "びこう", "mn": "shadow; tail; following", "fr": 6694}, {"w": "尾", "rd": "お", "mn": "tail (of an animal); cauda", "fr": 10911}, {"w": "尾根", "rd": "おね", "mn": "(mountain) ridge", "fr": 14878}, {"w": "最後尾", "rd": "さいこうび", "mn": "end (e.g. of a line); tail end; rear; backmost part", "fr": 16217}, {"w": "首尾", "rd": "しゅび", "mn": "beginning and end; from beginning to end", "fr": 18885}, {"w": "末尾", "rd": "まつび", "mn": "end (e.g. of report, document, paragraph, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "描", "g": 8, "o": 1147, "f": 876, "j": null, "on": "ビョウ", "kun": "えが.く、か.く", "m": "sketch; compose; write; draw; paint", "pm": "sketch", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "苗", "nj": "ビョウ", "ne": "seedling"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; seedlings; flowers; rice field; brains", "hk": "sketch", "hs": "Fingers . . . seedling.", "ks": "A <b>sketch</b> is a [seedling](../v4/234.html) (#234 苗) of things to come. Before the assault, the sergeant draws a <b>sketch</b> of the attack with his fingers in the sand.", "v": [{"w": "描く", "rd": "えがく", "mn": "to draw; to paint; to sketch", "fr": 1001}, {"w": "絵を描く", "rd": "えをかく", "mn": "to paint a picture; to draw a picture", "fr": 6975}, {"w": "思い描く", "rd": "おもいえがく", "mn": "to imagine; to picture; to figure; to see", "fr": 7640}, {"w": "描写", "rd": "びょうしゃ", "mn": "depiction; description; portrayal", "fr": 12163}, {"w": "手描き", "rd": "てがき", "mn": "hand-drawn; drawn by hand; hand-painted; painted by hand", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "素描", "rd": "そびょう", "mn": "drawing; sketch", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "恐", "g": 8, "o": 1148, "f": 878, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "おそ.れる、おそ.る、おそ.ろしい、こわ.い、こわ.がる", "m": "fear; dread; awe", "pm": "fear", "r": [{"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}, {"c": "凡", "nj": "ボン", "ne": "commonplace"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "barge; craft; mediocre; drop; wind; heart", "hk": "fear", "hs": "Craft . . . mediocre . . . heart.", "ks": "My deep dark fear at the bottom of my heart is that I am mediocre at my craft.", "v": [{"w": "恐ろしい", "rd": "おそろしい", "mn": "terrible; dreadful; terrifying; frightening", "fr": 1291}, {"w": "恐れる", "rd": "おそれる", "mn": "to fear; to be afraid of", "fr": 1710}, {"w": "恐怖", "rd": "きょうふ", "mn": "fear; dread; dismay; terror; horror; scare; panic", "fr": 1805}, {"w": "恐らく", "rd": "おそらく", "mn": "probably; (most) likely; in all likelihood; I suspect; I dare say; I'm afraid", "fr": 2207}, {"w": "恐縮", "rd": "きょうしゅく", "mn": "feeling (much) obliged; being (very) grateful; being thankful", "fr": 5501}, {"w": "恐れ", "rd": "おそれ", "mn": "fear; horror; anxiety; concern; uneasiness; reverence", "fr": 6541}, {"w": "恐る恐る", "rd": "おそるおそる", "mn": "fearfully; timidly; nervously; cautiously; gingerly", "fr": 7579}, {"w": "恐るべき", "rd": "おそるべき", "mn": "terrible; terrifying; dreadful; horrible; horrifying; appalling", "fr": 9564}, {"w": "恐竜", "rd": "きょうりゅう", "mn": "dinosaur", "fr": 16948}, {"w": "恐喝", "rd": "きょうかつ", "mn": "blackmail; extortion; threat (to extort money)", "fr": 23764}, {"w": "恐慌", "rd": "きょうこう", "mn": "panic; scare; alarm", "fr": 24702}, {"w": "恐怖症", "rd": "きょうふしょう", "mn": "phobia; morbid fear", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 76, "rp": 24, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "鈴", "g": 8, "o": 1149, "f": 880, "j": null, "on": "レイ、リン", "kun": "すず", "m": "small bell; buzzer", "pm": "small bell", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "令", "nj": "レイ", "ne": "orders"}], "hc": "metal; gold; orders; meeting; chop-seal; hanko", "hk": "small bell", "hs": "Gold . . . orders.", "ks": "Some restaurants have a small gold bell to call someone to take customers' orders.", "v": [{"w": "鈴", "rd": "すず", "mn": "bell (often globular)", "fr": 6321}, {"w": "風鈴", "rd": "ふうりん", "mn": "wind chime; wind bell", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "盤", "g": 8, "o": 1150, "f": 881, "j": null, "on": "バン", "kun": "", "m": "tray; shallow bowl; platter; tub; board; phonograph record", "pm": "tray", "r": [{"c": "般", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "carrier"}, {"c": "皿", "nj": "さら", "ne": "plate"}], "hc": "carrier; boat; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch; dish", "hk": "tray", "hs": "Carrier . . . dish.", "ks": "What do you call a \"CARRIER\" of DISHes? A <b>TRAY</b>.", "v": [{"w": "終盤", "rd": "しゅうばん", "mn": "endgame; final stage", "fr": 14246}, {"w": "序盤", "rd": "じょばん", "mn": "opening (in a game of go, chess, etc.)", "fr": 14748}, {"w": "基盤", "rd": "きばん", "mn": "base; basis; foundation; footing; infrastructure", "fr": 18189}, {"w": "中盤", "rd": "ちゅうばん", "mn": "middle stage; middle phase; middle game; midpoint", "fr": 19741}, {"w": "地盤", "rd": "じばん", "mn": "ground; crust (earth); bed (gravel, river, etc.)", "fr": 20214}, {"w": "盤", "rd": "ばん", "mn": "board (in shogi, go, chess, etc.)", "fr": 20776}, {"w": "円盤", "rd": "えんばん", "mn": "disk; discus; platter", "fr": 24947}, {"w": "碁盤", "rd": "ごばん", "mn": "Go board", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "算盤", "rd": "そろばん", "mn": "abacus; soroban", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "岩盤", "rd": "がんばん", "mn": "bedrock", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "羅針盤", "rd": "らしんばん", "mn": "compass", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "胎盤", "rd": "たいばん", "mn": "placenta", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鍵盤", "rd": "けんばん", "mn": "keyboard (of a piano, typewriter, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "項", "g": 8, "o": 1151, "f": 884, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "うなじ", "m": "paragraph; nape of neck; clause; item; term (expression)", "pm": "paragraph", "r": [{"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "craft; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "paragraph", "hs": "To the right we see a <i>head</i> and to the left an element that means <i>craft</i>. When we think of a <b>paragraph</b> , we immediately think of a <i>heading</i> device to break a text into parts. (Think of the elaborate <i>heads</i> often seen at the start of medieval manuscripts and the task becomes easier still.) Just where and how to do it belongs to the writer's <i>craft</i>. Hence, we define <b>paragraphing</b> as the  \" <i>heading craft</i> \" to remember this character.", "ks": "To craft a page well, we need paragraph s.", "v": [{"w": "事項", "rd": "じこう", "mn": "matter; item; facts", "fr": 8246}, {"w": "項目", "rd": "こうもく", "mn": "item; heading; category; clause", "fr": 9745}, {"w": "条項", "rd": "じょうこう", "mn": "clause; article; stipulations", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禁止事項", "rd": "きんしじこう", "mn": "prohibited item; banned item", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "要項", "rd": "ようこう", "mn": "important points; main points; gist; list of requirements", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "喪", "g": 8, "o": 1152, "f": 885, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "も", "m": "miss; mourning", "pm": "miss", "r": [{"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; mouth; hairpin; safety-pin", "hk": "miss", "hs": "<i>Soil</i> . . . two <i>mouths</i> . . . <i>hairpin</i>. Hint: see <i>spit</i> (Frame 162). The key word carries the wide range of meanings readily associated with it: error, loss, absence, and so on.", "ks": "Ten days ago, our two mouths met for the last time… then she gave me her hairpin as a sayounara gift. How I miss my Geisha girl…", "v": [{"w": "喪失", "rd": "そうしつ", "mn": "loss; forfeit", "fr": 10893}, {"w": "喪", "rd": "も", "mn": "mourning", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "喪主", "rd": "もしゅ", "mn": "chief mourner", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "喪服", "rd": "もふく", "mn": "mourning clothes; mourning attire; mourning dress", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "喪章", "rd": "もしょう", "mn": "mourning band; mourning ribbon", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "伴", "g": 8, "o": 1153, "f": 886, "j": null, "on": "ハン、バン", "kun": "ともな.う", "m": "consort; accompany; bring with; companion", "pm": "consort", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "半", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "half"}], "hc": "person; half", "hk": "consort", "hs": "Person . . . half.", "ks": "The <i>person</i> who is your <b>consort</b> is most commonly \"your other <i>half</i> \".", "v": [{"w": "伴う", "rd": "ともなう", "mn": "to accompany; to go hand in hand with; to be consequent upon", "fr": 3418}, {"w": "同伴", "rd": "どうはん", "mn": "accompanying; being accompanied by; going with", "fr": 15994}, {"w": "伴侶", "rd": "はんりょ", "mn": "companion; partner; spouse", "fr": 16597}, {"w": "伴奏", "rd": "ばんそう", "mn": "accompaniment", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "懸", "g": 8, "o": 1154, "f": 889, "j": null, "on": "ケン、ケ", "kun": "か.ける、か.かる", "m": "state of suspension; hang; depend; consult; distant; far apart", "pm": "state of suspension", "r": [{"c": "縣", "nj": "ケン", "ne": "county"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "prefecture; eye; fishhook; small; little; lineage; stick; drop; thread; spiderman; heart", "hk": "suspend", "hs": "Prefecture . . . yarn . . . heart.", "ks": "The <i>prefecture</i> has <b>suspend</b> ed all <i>DNA</i> research for <i>heart</i> disease because of corruption. All involved will be <b>suspend</b> ed by their wrists.", "v": [{"w": "一生懸命", "rd": "いっしょうけんめい", "mn": "very hard; with utmost effort; as hard as one can; with all one's might; for dea", "fr": 1843}, {"w": "懸命", "rd": "けんめい", "mn": "eager; earnest; strenuous; fervent; assiduous; with utmost effort", "fr": 3605}, {"w": "懸念", "rd": "けねん", "mn": "worry; fear; anxiety; concern", "fr": 7750}, {"w": "懸賞", "rd": "けんしょう", "mn": "offering a prize; prize competition; prize; reward", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "懸垂", "rd": "けんすい", "mn": "pull-up (exercise); chin-up; chinning", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "懸案", "rd": "けんあん", "mn": "pending question; unresolved problem", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "戻", "g": 8, "o": 1155, "f": 890, "j": null, "on": "レイ", "kun": "もど.す、もど.る", "m": "re-; return; revert; resume; restore; go backwards", "pm": "re-", "r": [{"c": "戸", "nj": "コ", "ne": "door"}, {"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}], "hc": "door; one; ceiling; flag; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "re-", "hs": "The key word signals a \"coming back\" or return to some place or activity. Its elements: <i>door</i> . . . <i>St. Bernard dog</i>.", "ks": "The <i>St. Bernard dog</i> whining at the <i>door</i> of his master’s house in order to <b>re-</b> enter / <b>re-</b> turn inside.", "v": [{"w": "戻る", "rd": "もどる", "mn": "to turn back (e.g. half-way)", "fr": 169}, {"w": "戻す", "rd": "もどす", "mn": "to put back; to return; to give back; to restore (to a previous state, e.g. defr", "fr": 1182}, {"w": "取り戻す", "rd": "とりもどす", "mn": "to take back; to get back; to regain; to recover; to restore; to recoup", "fr": 1256}, {"w": "引き戻す", "rd": "ひきもどす", "mn": "to bring back; to restore", "fr": 7709}, {"w": "呼び戻す", "rd": "よびもどす", "mn": "to call (someone) back; to recall; to call home", "fr": 8807}, {"w": "後戻り", "rd": "あともどり", "mn": "going backward; turning back; backtracking; doubling back", "fr": 9926}, {"w": "逆戻り", "rd": "ぎゃくもどり", "mn": "retrogression; reversal; relapse; doubling back; backtracking", "fr": 14648}, {"w": "戻り", "rd": "もどり", "mn": "return; reaction; recovery", "fr": 23661}, {"w": "払い戻す", "rd": "はらいもどす", "mn": "to repay; to pay back; to refund; to reimburse", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "差し戻す", "rd": "さしもどす", "mn": "to send back; to refer back", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "戻し", "rd": "もどし", "mn": "returning; giving back", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "払い戻し", "rd": "はらいもどし", "mn": "repayment; refund; payback", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "買い戻し", "rd": "かいもどし", "mn": "repurchase; redemption", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 65, "rp": 33, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "巨", "g": 8, "o": 1156, "f": 892, "j": null, "on": "キョ", "kun": "", "m": "gigantic; big; large; great", "pm": "gigantic", "r": [{"c": "匚", "nj": "はこがまえ", "ne": "box"}], "hc": "Fafner", "hk": "gigantic", "hs": "This kanji depicts a <b>gigantic</b> \"pop-eye,\" which accounts for its shape. Be sure not to confuse it with the <i>slave</i> ( <i>retainer</i> ) we just learned.", "ks": "The letter E, with a GIGANTIC middle stroke.", "v": [{"w": "巨大", "rd": "きょだい", "mn": "huge; gigantic; enormous", "fr": 1971}, {"w": "巨人", "rd": "きょじん", "mn": "giant; great man", "fr": 9269}, {"w": "巨体", "rd": "きょたい", "mn": "huge body; large build", "fr": 10908}, {"w": "巨匠", "rd": "きょしょう", "mn": "master; masterhand; maestro", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巨星", "rd": "きょせい", "mn": "giant star", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巨漢", "rd": "きょかん", "mn": "giant", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巨視的", "rd": "きょしてき", "mn": "macroscopic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巨額", "rd": "きょがく", "mn": "huge sum (esp. of money); enormous sum; massive amount", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "震", "g": 8, "o": 1157, "f": 893, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "ふる.う、ふる.える、ふる.わせる、ふる.わす", "m": "quake; shake; tremble; quiver; shiver", "pm": "quake", "r": [{"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}, {"c": "辰", "nj": "しんのたつ", "ne": "Fifth zodiac sign"}], "hc": "rain; weather; sign of the dragon; cliff; two; hairpin; safety-pin", "hk": "quake", "hs": "Weather . . . sign of the dragon.", "ks": "<i>Bruce Lee</i> has magical abilities in his newest movie. He can conjure <i>rain</i> and earth <b>quakes</b>.", "v": [{"w": "震える", "rd": "ふるえる", "mn": "to shiver; to shake; to quake; to tremble; to quaver; to quiver", "fr": 1549}, {"w": "地震", "rd": "じしん", "mn": "earthquake", "fr": 6952}, {"w": "身震い", "rd": "みぶるい", "mn": "shivering (with cold); trembling (with fear); shuddering", "fr": 11524}, {"w": "震動", "rd": "しんどう", "mn": "shock; tremor; impact; vibration", "fr": 20694}, {"w": "余震", "rd": "よしん", "mn": "aftershock", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大震災", "rd": "だいしんさい", "mn": "great earthquake (disaster); highly destructive earthquake", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "微震", "rd": "びしん", "mn": "slight earthquake", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "烈震", "rd": "れっしん", "mn": "disastrous earthquake", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "軽震", "rd": "けいしん", "mn": "weak earthquake", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "震度", "rd": "しんど", "mn": "seismic intensity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "震源", "rd": "しんげん", "mn": "hypocentre (of an earthquake); hypocenter; focus", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "震災", "rd": "しんさい", "mn": "earthquake disaster", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 62, "rp": 18, "l": 2, "n": "震える 曇る 雪 雨 雷電"}}, {"k": "越", "g": 8, "o": 1158, "f": 897, "j": null, "on": "エツ、オツ", "kun": "こ.す、-こ.す、-ご.し、こ.える、-ご.え", "m": "surpass; cross over; move to; exceed; Vietnam", "pm": "surpass", "r": [{"c": "走", "nj": "はしる", "ne": "to run"}, {"c": "戉", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "warrior"}], "hc": "run; soil; dirt; ground; mend; parade", "hk": "surpass", "hs": "Here we see two <i>parades</i> in competition, each trying to <b>surpass</b> the other by <i>running</i> at high speed from one town to the next. Note the little  \"hook\" at the end of the first stroke of the element for <i>parade</i>. This is the ONLY time it appears like this in the kanji treated in this book.", "ks": "A RUNNER will always SURPASS a PARADE.", "v": [{"w": "越す", "rd": "こす", "mn": "to cross over (e.g. mountain); to go across", "fr": 1812}, {"w": "越える", "rd": "こえる", "mn": "to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to pass over (out of); to go beyond; t", "fr": 1839}, {"w": "乗り越える", "rd": "のりこえる", "mn": "to climb over; to get over; to cross (a mountain)", "fr": 2143}, {"w": "越し", "rd": "ごし", "mn": "across; over; beyond; through; crossing", "fr": 3838}, {"w": "引っ越す", "rd": "ひっこす", "mn": "to move (house); to change residence", "fr": 10254}, {"w": "超越", "rd": "ちょうえつ", "mn": "transcendence; transcendency", "fr": 11604}, {"w": "追い越す", "rd": "おいこす", "mn": "to pass (e.g. car); to overtake", "fr": 11928}, {"w": "引っ越し", "rd": "ひっこし", "mn": "moving (dwelling, office, etc.); changing residence", "fr": 12720}, {"w": "優越感", "rd": "ゆうえつかん", "mn": "superiority complex; sense of superiority", "fr": 13599}, {"w": "卓越", "rd": "たくえつ", "mn": "preeminence; excellence; superiority; transcendence", "fr": 23242}, {"w": "上越", "rd": "じょうえつ", "mn": "area on Japan Sea side of Japan, including Niigata", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "中越", "rd": "ちゅうえつ", "mn": "Chūetsu (region in Niigata)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "乗り越し", "rd": "のりこし", "mn": "riding past (one's station)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "乗り越す", "rd": "のりこす", "mn": "to ride past (one's stop); to overshoot", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "勝ち越し", "rd": "かちこし", "mn": "having more wins than losses", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 94, "rp": 14, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "契", "g": 8, "o": 1159, "f": 898, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "ちぎ.る", "m": "pledge; promise; vow", "pm": "pledge", "r": [{"c": "龶", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "刀", "nj": "かたな", "ne": "knife"}, {"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}], "hc": "flick knife; grow up; dagger; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "pledge", "hs": "<i>Grow up</i> . . . <i>dagger</i> . . . <i>St. Bernard dog</i>. The connotation of this character should be kept distinct from that for <i>vow</i> (Frame 1214) and <i>promise</i> (Frame 1462).", "ks": "With our new pills we pledge to grow your dagger bigger \\- typical junk mail.", "v": [{"w": "契約", "rd": "けいやく", "mn": "contract; compact; agreement", "fr": 2479}, {"w": "契約書", "rd": "けいやくしょ", "mn": "(written) contract; agreement", "fr": 12059}, {"w": "契機", "rd": "けいき", "mn": "opportunity; chance", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "掲", "g": 8, "o": 1160, "f": 899, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "かか.げる", "m": "put up (a notice); put up; hoist; display; hang out; publish; describe", "pm": "put up (a notice)", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "曷", "nj": "カツ", "ne": "why"}], "hc": "put up (a notice); finger; fingers; mexican bandit; muchacho; siesta; sun; day; aroma; bound up; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "put up a notice", "hs": "Fingers . . . siesta.", "ks": "The Mexican piano tutor PUT UP A NOTICE that his FINGERS were tired and that he was going to take an extended SIESTA.", "v": [{"w": "掲げる", "rd": "かかげる", "mn": "to put up (a notice, sign, etc.); to hang out (e.g. a banner); to fly (e.g. a fl", "fr": 4151}, {"w": "掲載", "rd": "けいさい", "mn": "publication (e.g. of an article in a newspaper); carrying (e.g. a story); runnin", "fr": 6947}, {"w": "掲示板", "rd": "けいじばん", "mn": "bulletin board; display board; notice board", "fr": 10399}, {"w": "掲示", "rd": "けいじ", "mn": "notice; bulletin; post; posting; placard", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "掲揚", "rd": "けいよう", "mn": "hoisting (e.g. a flag); raising; flying; putting up", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "躍", "g": 8, "o": 1161, "f": 900, "j": null, "on": "ヤク", "kun": "おど.る", "m": "leap; dance; skip", "pm": "leap", "r": [{"c": "足", "nj": "あし", "ne": "foot"}, {"c": "翟", "nj": "ケキ", "ne": "surname"}], "hc": "wooden leg; mouth; stop; footprint; futon; feathers; wings; turkey", "hk": "leap", "hs": "Wooden leg . . . feathers . . . turkey.", "ks": "Well, there are weekdays [weekday](../v4/576.html) (#576 曜) and there are laundry days [laundry](../v4/577.html) (#577 濯), and on February 29th <b>leap</b> day, the manufacturer recommends servicing or replacing your <i>peg leg</i> because they tend to wear out every 4 years.", "v": [{"w": "活躍", "rd": "かつやく", "mn": "activity (esp. energetic or successful); great efforts; active participation", "fr": 2335}, {"w": "飛躍", "rd": "ひやく", "mn": "leap; jump", "fr": 11511}, {"w": "跳躍", "rd": "ちょうやく", "mn": "jump; leap; skip; bound", "fr": 12653}, {"w": "躍起", "rd": "やっき", "mn": "desperate; frantic; excited; worked up; heated; eager", "fr": 15156}, {"w": "躍動", "rd": "やくどう", "mn": "lively motion; throb", "fr": 24440}, {"w": "一躍", "rd": "いちやく", "mn": "suddenly (rising to fame, etc.); instantly; immediately; overnight", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "躍り", "rd": "おどり", "mn": "leaping; jumping; spring; exciting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "躍如", "rd": "やくじょ", "mn": "vivid; lifelike; graphic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "躍進", "rd": "やくしん", "mn": "making rapid progress; making great advances; rush; dash; onslaught", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "棄", "g": 8, "o": 1162, "f": 901, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "す.てる", "m": "abandon; throw away; discard; resign; reject; sacrifice", "pm": "abandon", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}, {"c": "丗", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "thirty"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "infant; toddler; top hat; elbow; buckle; tree; wood", "hk": "abandon", "hs": "<i>Infant</i> . . . <i>buckle</i> (See frame 444) . . . <i>tree</i>.", "ks": "A terrible image of an abandon ed infant. Here he is in his little car seat buckled to a tree.", "v": [{"w": "放棄", "rd": "ほうき", "mn": "abandonment; renouncement; renunciation; resignation; abdication; surrender; rel", "fr": 4636}, {"w": "破棄", "rd": "はき", "mn": "tearing up and discarding (e.g. documents); destruction", "fr": 9894}, {"w": "自棄", "rd": "やけ", "mn": "desperation; despair; self-abandonment", "fr": 10434}, {"w": "廃棄", "rd": "はいき", "mn": "disposal; abandonment; scrapping; discarding; abolition", "fr": 12937}, {"w": "棄権", "rd": "きけん", "mn": "abstention (from voting); renunciation (of a right); withdrawal (from a contest)", "fr": 23135}, {"w": "廃棄物", "rd": "はいきぶつ", "mn": "waste matter; waste; garbage; trash", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "投棄", "rd": "とうき", "mn": "abandonment; giving up; throwing away; disposal; dumping", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "棄却", "rd": "ききゃく", "mn": "rejection; dismissal; turning down; abandoning; renunciation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遺棄", "rd": "いき", "mn": "abandonment; desertion", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "触", "g": 8, "o": 1163, "f": 904, "j": null, "on": "ショク", "kun": "ふ.れる、さわ.る、さわ", "m": "contact; touch; feel; hit; proclaim; announce; conflict", "pm": "contact", "r": [{"c": "角", "nj": "つの", "ne": "horn"}, {"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}], "hc": "angle; bound up; glass canopy; hood; walking cane; stick; two; insect", "hk": "contact", "hs": "Angle . . . insect.", "ks": "For <i>insects</i> to get in <b>contact</b> with each other, they need to place their antennae at just the right <i>angle</i>.", "v": [{"w": "触る", "rd": "さわる", "mn": "to touch; to feel; to handle", "fr": 809}, {"w": "触れる", "rd": "ふれる", "mn": "to touch; to feel", "fr": 920}, {"w": "接触", "rd": "せっしょく", "mn": "touch; contact; touching", "fr": 2671}, {"w": "感触", "rd": "かんしょく", "mn": "feel (of something); touch; texture; sensation", "fr": 2856}, {"w": "触れ合う", "rd": "ふれあう", "mn": "to come into contact with; to touch (each other); to have a brush with", "fr": 6211}, {"w": "前触れ", "rd": "まえぶれ", "mn": "advance warning; previous notice; prior announcement", "fr": 10986}, {"w": "肌触り", "rd": "はだざわり", "mn": "feel; touch; texture", "fr": 19393}, {"w": "触発", "rd": "しょくはつ", "mn": "detonation by contact; contact detonation", "fr": 20644}, {"w": "触れ合い", "rd": "ふれあい", "mn": "contact; connectedness; rapport; mutual touching", "fr": 21163}, {"w": "触覚", "rd": "しょっかく", "mn": "sense of touch", "fr": 21992}, {"w": "折に触れて", "rd": "おりにふれて", "mn": "at every opportunity; whenever possible; whenever the occasion arises; from time", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抵触", "rd": "ていしょく", "mn": "infringement (of a law, treaty, etc.); contravention; running afoul", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "気触れ", "rd": "かぶれ", "mn": "rash; eruption (in response to a skin irritant)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "触媒", "rd": "しょくばい", "mn": "catalyst", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "邸", "g": 8, "o": 1164, "f": 905, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "やしき", "m": "residence; mansion", "pm": "residence", "r": [{"c": "氐", "nj": "テイ", "ne": "name of an ancient tribe"}, {"c": "邑", "nj": "おおざと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "calling card; family name; one; floor; city walls", "hk": "residence", "hs": "Calling card . . . city walls.", "ks": "So fed up am I, I've finally built <i>city walls</i> around my <b>residence</b> to keep these Japanese from soliciting me with their <i>business cards</i>.", "v": [{"w": "邸", "rd": "やしき", "mn": "residence; estate; grounds; premises; mansion", "fr": 14208}, {"w": "邸宅", "rd": "ていたく", "mn": "(large) house; residence; mansion", "fr": 22473}, {"w": "公邸", "rd": "こうてい", "mn": "official residence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "官邸", "rd": "かんてい", "mn": "official residence (e.g. of the prime minister)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "御用邸", "rd": "ごようてい", "mn": "imperial villa", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "私邸", "rd": "してい", "mn": "private residence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "邸内", "rd": "ていない", "mn": "grounds; premises", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "依", "g": 8, "o": 1165, "f": 906, "j": null, "on": "イ、エ", "kun": "よ.る", "m": "reliant; depend on; consequently; therefore; due to", "pm": "reliant", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}], "hc": "person; cloth; clothes; clothing; garment", "hk": "reliant", "hs": "Person . . . garment.", "ks": "Mr T is <b>reliant</b> (depends on) on his garment (the gold chains).", "v": [{"w": "依頼", "rd": "いらい", "mn": "request; commission; entrusting (with a matter)", "fr": 2146}, {"w": "依存", "rd": "いぞん", "mn": "dependence; reliance", "fr": 9479}, {"w": "依然", "rd": "いぜん", "mn": "still; as yet; as it has been", "fr": 12205}, {"w": "依然として", "rd": "いぜんとして", "mn": "still; as yet; as of old", "fr": 12435}, {"w": "に依る", "rd": "による", "mn": "by means of; due to; because of; according to", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "依存症", "rd": "いぞんしょう", "mn": "dependence (on alcohol, drugs, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "帰依", "rd": "きえ", "mn": "becoming a devout believer; (religious) conversion", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "籍", "g": 8, "o": 1166, "f": 907, "j": null, "on": "セキ", "kun": "", "m": "enroll; domiciliary register; membership", "pm": "enroll", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "耒", "nj": "らいすき", "ne": "plow"}, {"c": "昔", "nj": "セキ", "ne": "once upon a time"}], "hc": "bamboo; christmas tree; wood; once upon a time; storyteller", "hk": "enroll", "hs": "Bamboo . . . Christmas tree . . . once upon a time.", "ks": "Once upon a time, Santa Claus visited Asia and left presents under bamboo Christmas trees for all the children who enroll ed in his Asian beta-testing…", "v": [{"w": "戸籍", "rd": "こせき", "mn": "family register", "fr": 14237}, {"w": "書籍", "rd": "しょせき", "mn": "book; publication", "fr": 14939}, {"w": "在籍", "rd": "ざいせき", "mn": "being enrolled (at a school); being registered; being a member (of a team, organ", "fr": 15226}, {"w": "籍", "rd": "せき", "mn": "one's family register; one's domicile", "fr": 18204}, {"w": "国籍", "rd": "こくせき", "mn": "nationality; citizenship", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "党籍", "rd": "とうせき", "mn": "party membership; party register", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "入籍", "rd": "にゅうせき", "mn": "registering (a marriage, etc.) in the family register", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "戸籍謄本", "rd": "こせきとうほん", "mn": "official copy of the family register", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "本籍", "rd": "ほんせき", "mn": "one's registered domicile (as recorded in the family register); one's legal domi", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "移籍", "rd": "いせき", "mn": "transfer (of one's name into another family register)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "船籍", "rd": "せんせき", "mn": "ship's nationality; ship's country of registration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "除籍", "rd": "じょせき", "mn": "removing a name", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "汚", "g": 8, "o": 1167, "f": 908, "j": null, "on": "オ", "kun": "けが.す、けが.れる、けが.らわしい、よご.す、よご.れる、きたな.い", "m": "dirty; pollute; disgrace; rape; defile", "pm": "dirty", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; snare; one; spike; stick", "hk": "dirty", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>two</i> . . . <i>snare</i>. Note that the first two strokes for <i>snare</i> doubles up with the first stroke for <i>two</i>.", "ks": "A hunter Washes, with WATER, his TWO SNAREs, because they are <b>dirty</b>.", "v": [{"w": "汚い", "rd": "きたない", "mn": "dirty; filthy; foul; unclean", "fr": 1722}, {"w": "汚れる", "rd": "よごれる", "mn": "to get dirty; to become dirty", "fr": 2252}, {"w": "汚す", "rd": "よごす", "mn": "to pollute; to contaminate; to soil; to make dirty; to stain", "fr": 2880}, {"w": "汚れ", "rd": "よごれ", "mn": "dirt; filth; stain; blot; spot", "fr": 5135}, {"w": "汚染", "rd": "おせん", "mn": "pollution; contamination", "fr": 14050}, {"w": "汚名", "rd": "おめい", "mn": "bad name; bad reputation; disgrace; dishonour; dishonor; stigma; infamy", "fr": 15337}, {"w": "汚物", "rd": "おぶつ", "mn": "filth (esp. excrement, feces, urine); muck; waste; garbage; dirt; dust", "fr": 20903}, {"w": "汚点", "rd": "おてん", "mn": "stain; blot; flaw; disgrace", "fr": 24322}, {"w": "汚水", "rd": "おすい", "mn": "filthy water; sewage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "汚濁", "rd": "おだく", "mn": "pollution; contamination; corruption; graft", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "汚職", "rd": "おしょく", "mn": "corruption (esp. by a government employee); bribery; graft", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 163, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "還", "g": 8, "o": 1168, "f": 910, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "かえ.る", "m": "send back; return", "pm": "send back", "r": [{"c": "睘", "nj": "", "ne": "round"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "trampoline; eye; cross-eyed; net; one; ceiling; mouth; scarf; road", "hk": "send back", "hs": "Road . . . eye . . . ceiling . . . mouth . . . scarf.", "ks": "A ring (#836 環) with no jewel?! she screamed and told her fiance to hit the road \\- she'd send back the ring.", "v": [{"w": "帰還", "rd": "きかん", "mn": "return (home); repatriation", "fr": 6126}, {"w": "奪還", "rd": "だっかん", "mn": "recapture; retaking; recovery; taking back", "fr": 12725}, {"w": "生還", "rd": "せいかん", "mn": "returning alive; surviving", "fr": 14420}, {"w": "還元", "rd": "かんげん", "mn": "restoration; return", "fr": 24724}, {"w": "返還", "rd": "へんかん", "mn": "return; restoration", "fr": 24833}, {"w": "還暦", "rd": "かんれき", "mn": "kanreki", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "償還", "rd": "しょうかん", "mn": "repayment; redemption; amortization; amortisation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "送還", "rd": "そうかん", "mn": "sending home; repatriation; deportation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "還付", "rd": "かんぷ", "mn": "return; restoration; refund; (duty) drawback", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "還流", "rd": "かんりゅう", "mn": "return current; reflux; back flow", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "互", "g": 8, "o": 1169, "f": 914, "j": null, "on": "ゴ", "kun": "たが.い、かたみ.に", "m": "mutually; reciprocally; together", "pm": "mutually", "r": [{"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}, {"c": "彑", "nj": "けいがしら", "ne": "pig’s head"}], "hc": "one; ceiling; one; floor", "hk": "mutually", "hs": "When you draw this character think of linking two <i>walls</i> together, one right side up and the other upside down.", "ks": "The 69 position allows both parties to <b>mutually</b> give themselves pleasure.", "v": [{"w": "互い", "rd": "たがい", "mn": "each other; one another", "fr": 2938}, {"w": "互いに", "rd": "たがいに", "mn": "mutually; with each other; reciprocally; together", "fr": 3982}, {"w": "お互いに", "rd": "おたがいに", "mn": "mutually; with each other; reciprocally; together; both", "fr": 4065}, {"w": "互角", "rd": "ごかく", "mn": "equal (in ability); even; evenly matched; well-matched; on par (with)", "fr": 9471}, {"w": "交互", "rd": "こうご", "mn": "alternate; alternating", "fr": 9953}, {"w": "相互", "rd": "そうご", "mn": "mutual; reciprocal", "fr": 19541}, {"w": "互い違い", "rd": "たがいちがい", "mn": "alternate; alternation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "互助", "rd": "ごじょ", "mn": "mutual aid; cooperation; benefit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "互換", "rd": "ごかん", "mn": "interchange", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "互選", "rd": "ごせん", "mn": "election by mutual vote; election from within a committee (party, etc.); interna", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "相互交流", "rd": "そうごこうりゅう", "mn": "mutual exchange", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "相互銀行", "rd": "そうごぎんこう", "mn": "mutual savings bank", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 161, "rp": 11, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "慮", "g": 8, "o": 1170, "f": 916, "j": null, "on": "リョ", "kun": "おもんぱく.る、おもんぱか.る", "m": "prudence; thought; concern; consider; deliberate; fear", "pm": "prudence", "r": [{"c": "虍", "nj": "とらがしら", "ne": "tiger"}, {"c": "思", "nj": "シ", "ne": "think"}], "hc": "tiger; think; rice field; brains; heart", "hk": "prudence", "hs": "Tiger . . . think.", "ks": "Real meaning: \"to ponder\". You have to think with <b>prudence</b> (ponder carefully) about approaching a tiger, as is evident from 虎 .", "v": [{"w": "遠慮", "rd": "えんりょ", "mn": "reserve; constraint; restraint; modesty; diffidence; hesitation; holding back; d", "fr": 1176}, {"w": "配慮", "rd": "はいりょ", "mn": "consideration; concern; attention; thoughtfulness; making arrangements; care; tr", "fr": 5160}, {"w": "考慮", "rd": "こうりょ", "mn": "consideration; taking into account", "fr": 5466}, {"w": "不慮", "rd": "ふりょ", "mn": "unforeseen; unexpected; sudden; accidental", "fr": 21569}, {"w": "ご遠慮ください", "rd": "ごえんりょください", "mn": "please refrain (from)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "憂慮", "rd": "ゆうりょ", "mn": "anxiety; concern; fear", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "苦慮", "rd": "くりょ", "mn": "racking one's brains; worrying oneself; being anxious", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "枠", "g": 8, "o": 1171, "f": 922, "j": null, "on": "", "kun": "わく", "m": "frame; framework; spindle; spool; bounding-box; (kokuji)", "pm": "frame", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "卆", "nj": "ソツ", "ne": "soldier"}], "hc": "tree; wood; ninety; nine; baseball; ten; needle", "hk": "frame", "hs": "You might think of the <b>frame</b> this character refers to as the sort of <b>frame</b> we have created by drawing a dark line around this kanji and its explanation. Then think of that line as made of very thin <i>wood</i> , and finally note how each time the line bends it forms a 90° angle, thus giving us the <i>nine</i> and the <i>ten</i>.", "ks": "<b>wood</b> at <b>90 (9 * 10)</b> degrees.", "v": [{"w": "枠", "rd": "わく", "mn": "frame; framework", "fr": 5251}, {"w": "枠内", "rd": "わくない", "mn": "within the limits (framework, boundaries, price, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "枠外", "rd": "わくがい", "mn": "(beyond the) limits; scope; boundary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "枠組み", "rd": "わくぐみ", "mn": "frame (physical structure); framework", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "恵", "g": 8, "o": 1172, "f": 925, "j": null, "on": "ケイ、エ", "kun": "めぐ.む、めぐ.み", "m": "favor; blessing; grace; kindness", "pm": "favor", "r": [{"c": "由", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "wherefore"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "ten; needle; rice field; brains; heart", "hk": "favor", "hs": "<i>Ten</i> . . . <i>fields</i> (or: <i>needle</i> . . . <i>brains</i> ) . . . <i>heart.</i>", "ks": "Too easy. Imagine the Wizard of OZ. There, the three heroes asked the Wizard for three <b>FAVOR</b> S: the lion wanted courage of TEN men, the scarecrow wanted a BRAIN, and the tin man wanted a HEART. Ok, the lion bit is stretching but you have it memorized now, so who cares?", "v": [{"w": "恵まれる", "rd": "めぐまれる", "mn": "to be blessed with; to be rich in; to abound in", "fr": 3915}, {"w": "知恵", "rd": "ちえ", "mn": "wisdom; wit; sagacity; sense; intelligence", "fr": 4336}, {"w": "恩恵", "rd": "おんけい", "mn": "grace; favor; favour; blessing; benefit", "fr": 11121}, {"w": "恵み", "rd": "めぐみ", "mn": "blessing; grace", "fr": 15147}, {"w": "恵む", "rd": "めぐむ", "mn": "to bless; to show mercy to", "fr": 19111}, {"w": "恵比寿", "rd": "えびす", "mn": "Ebisu", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "最恵国", "rd": "さいけいこく", "mn": "most favored nation; most favoured nation; MFN", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "露", "g": 8, "o": 1173, "f": 928, "j": null, "on": "ロ、ロウ", "kun": "つゆ", "m": "dew; tears; expose; Russia", "pm": "dew", "r": [{"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}, {"c": "路", "nj": "ロ", "ne": "path"}], "hc": "rain; weather; path; wooden leg; mouth; stop; footprint; each; walking legs; mouth", "hk": "dew", "hs": "Rain . . . path.", "ks": "After the <i>rain</i> the <i>path</i> was covered with <b>dew</b>.", "v": [{"w": "披露", "rd": "ひろう", "mn": "announcement; presentation; demonstration; displaying; showing; introducing; unv", "fr": 4582}, {"w": "露出", "rd": "ろしゅつ", "mn": "exposure; laying bare; baring (e.g. skin)", "fr": 5858}, {"w": "露骨", "rd": "ろこつ", "mn": "open; unconcealed; undisguised; blatant; plain; frank", "fr": 6038}, {"w": "暴露", "rd": "ばくろ", "mn": "disclosure; exposure; revelation", "fr": 10670}, {"w": "露", "rd": "つゆ", "mn": "dew", "fr": 11545}, {"w": "吐露", "rd": "とろ", "mn": "expressing one's mind; speaking out", "fr": 17061}, {"w": "露見", "rd": "ろけん", "mn": "discovery (of a plot, misdeed, etc.); detection; exposure; disclosure", "fr": 18228}, {"w": "露天風呂", "rd": "ろてんぶろ", "mn": "open-air bath; rotenburo; rotemburo", "fr": 18547}, {"w": "露店", "rd": "ろてん", "mn": "street stall; stand; booth", "fr": 19502}, {"w": "露呈", "rd": "ろてい", "mn": "exposure; disclosure", "fr": 22510}, {"w": "披露宴", "rd": "ひろうえん", "mn": "reception (e.g. wedding); banquet; celebration; party", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "逃", "g": 8, "o": 1174, "f": 931, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "に.げる、に.がす、のが.す、のが.れる", "m": "escape; flee; shirk; evade; set free", "pm": "escape", "r": [{"c": "兆", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "portent"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "turtle; portent; road", "hk": "escape", "hs": "When <b>escaping</b> from something or someone, one always feels as if one is not going fast enough, like a <i>turtle</i> on an expressway. (Since the <i>turtle</i> is on the <i>road</i> and not on the left, it can keep its full kanji shape as given in frame 250.)", "ks": "I used my pants to make a rope, which I then used to <b>escape</b> from prison, hence the naked, hairy legs running along the road!", "v": [{"w": "逃げる", "rd": "にげる", "mn": "to run away; to flee; to get away (e.g. from danger); to escape; to break out; t", "fr": 243}, {"w": "逃がす", "rd": "にがす", "mn": "to set free; to let go; to release", "fr": 1680}, {"w": "逃げ出す", "rd": "にげだす", "mn": "to run away; to flee; to make off; to take to one's heels; to escape", "fr": 1854}, {"w": "見逃す", "rd": "みのがす", "mn": "to miss; to overlook; to fail to notice", "fr": 2013}, {"w": "逃す", "rd": "のがす", "mn": "to miss (e.g. a chance); to lose; to let get away", "fr": 2507}, {"w": "逃れる", "rd": "のがれる", "mn": "to escape", "fr": 2631}, {"w": "逃走", "rd": "とうそう", "mn": "flight; desertion; escape", "fr": 6178}, {"w": "逃亡", "rd": "とうぼう", "mn": "escape; flight; running away; elopement; fleeing", "fr": 6991}, {"w": "逃げ切る", "rd": "にげきる", "mn": "to make good one's escape; to get away; to outrun", "fr": 7748}, {"w": "逃げ道", "rd": "にげみち", "mn": "way out; means to escape; escape route", "fr": 9674}, {"w": "逃げ足", "rd": "にげあし", "mn": "running away; escaping on foot", "fr": 15605}, {"w": "逃避", "rd": "とうひ", "mn": "escape; evasion; flight", "fr": 15623}, {"w": "逃げ", "rd": "にげ", "mn": "escape; getaway; evasion", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 172, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "緩", "g": 8, "o": 1175, "f": 933, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "ゆる.い、ゆる.やか、ゆる.む、ゆる.める", "m": "slacken; loosen; relax; lessen; be moderate; ease", "pm": "slacken", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "爰", "nj": "エン", "ne": "lead on to"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; migrating ducks; claw; vulture; one; friend", "hk": "slacken", "hs": "Thread . . . migrating ducks.", "ks": "Oh no <i>Spiderman</i> has some <i>migrating ducks</i> stuck in his web, he has to <b>slacken</b> it so they can get out.", "v": [{"w": "緩む", "rd": "ゆるむ", "mn": "to become loose; to slacken (e.g. rope)", "fr": 5307}, {"w": "緩める", "rd": "ゆるめる", "mn": "to loosen; to slacken", "fr": 6011}, {"w": "緩い", "rd": "ゆるい", "mn": "loose", "fr": 7557}, {"w": "緩やか", "rd": "ゆるやか", "mn": "loose; slack", "fr": 8938}, {"w": "緩和", "rd": "かんわ", "mn": "relief; mitigation; alleviation; relaxation (of restrictions, tensions, etc.); e", "fr": 15686}, {"w": "緩慢", "rd": "かんまん", "mn": "slow; sluggish; dull; slack; inactive", "fr": 16596}, {"w": "緩急", "rd": "かんきゅう", "mn": "high and low speed; fast and slow; pace; tempo", "fr": 20824}, {"w": "緩衝地帯", "rd": "かんしょうちたい", "mn": "buffer zone", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "需", "g": 8, "o": 1176, "f": 935, "j": null, "on": "ジュ", "kun": "", "m": "demand; request; need", "pm": "demand", "r": [{"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}, {"c": "而", "nj": "しこうして", "ne": "and also"}], "hc": "rain; weather; comb", "hk": "demand", "hs": "The sense of <b>demand</b> is best captured by thinking of the economic principle of  \"supply and <b>demand</b>. \" The primitives: <i>rain</i> . . . <i>comb</i>.", "ks": "If it's raining combs, then the demand for them sure does drop.", "v": [{"w": "需要", "rd": "じゅよう", "mn": "demand; need", "fr": 10899}, {"w": "必需品", "rd": "ひつじゅひん", "mn": "necessities; necessary article; requisite; essentials", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "内需", "rd": "ないじゅ", "mn": "domestic demand", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "外需", "rd": "がいじゅ", "mn": "foreign demand", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "必需", "rd": "ひつじゅ", "mn": "necessary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "民需", "rd": "みんじゅ", "mn": "private demand", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "特需", "rd": "とくじゅ", "mn": "emergency demands; special procurement (particularly in time of war)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "軍需", "rd": "ぐんじゅ", "mn": "munitions; military stores", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "需給", "rd": "じゅきゅう", "mn": "supply and demand", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "傾", "g": 8, "o": 1177, "f": 938, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "かたむ.く、かたむ.ける、かたぶ.く、かた.げる、かし.げる", "m": "lean; incline; tilt; trend; wane; sink; ruin; bias", "pm": "lean", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "頃", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "time"}], "hc": "change; person; about that time; spoon; sitting on the ground; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "lean", "hs": "<i>Change</i> . . . <i>head</i>. The key word has the sense of <b>leaning</b> on or toward someone or something.", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> gave a girl some <i>change</i> to <b>lean</b> over and give him <i>head</i>.", "v": [{"w": "傾く", "rd": "かたむく", "mn": "to incline toward; to slant; to lurch; to heel over; to be disposed to; to trend", "fr": 4676}, {"w": "傾向", "rd": "けいこう", "mn": "tendency; trend; inclination", "fr": 5398}, {"w": "傾ける", "rd": "かたむける", "mn": "to incline; to lean; to tip; to tilt; to slant; to bend; to list", "fr": 6948}, {"w": "傾斜", "rd": "けいしゃ", "mn": "inclination; slant; slope; bevel; list; dip; tilt; lean", "fr": 20585}, {"w": "傾げる", "rd": "かしげる", "mn": "to tilt (esp. head); to lean; to incline; to slant", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "傾倒", "rd": "けいとう", "mn": "devoting oneself to; concentrating on; being an ardent admirer of; having great ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "傾注", "rd": "けいちゅう", "mn": "devoting (oneself) to; concentrating (one's efforts) on", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "傾聴", "rd": "けいちょう", "mn": "listening closely", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "購", "g": 8, "o": 1178, "f": 945, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "", "m": "subscription; buy", "pm": "subscription", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "冓", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "put together"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; funnel; cone; celery; again", "hk": "subscription", "hs": "<i>Shells</i> . . . <i>funnel</i>. The key word is meant to suggest magazine <b>subscriptions</b> and the like.", "ks": "My subscription to Money magazine came with a free funnel.", "v": [{"w": "購入", "rd": "こうにゅう", "mn": "purchase; buying", "fr": 3553}, {"w": "購買", "rd": "こうばい", "mn": "procurement; purchase; buying", "fr": 17049}, {"w": "購読", "rd": "こうどく", "mn": "buying and reading (book, magazine, etc.); subscribing (incl. free subscriptions", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "定期購読", "rd": "ていきこうどく", "mn": "subscription (e.g. to a magazine)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "購買力", "rd": "こうばいりょく", "mn": "buying power; purchasing power", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "充", "g": 8, "o": 1179, "f": 949, "j": null, "on": "ジュウ", "kun": "あ.てる、み.たす", "m": "allot; fill", "pm": "allot", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "允", "nj": "イン", "ne": "license"}], "hc": "infant; toddler; top hat; elbow; human legs", "hk": "allot", "hs": "Infant . . . human legs.", "ks": "Each infant gets its very own pair of human legs , allotted by God.", "v": [{"w": "充実", "rd": "じゅうじつ", "mn": "fullness; completeness; perfection; substantiality", "fr": 4567}, {"w": "充分", "rd": "じゅうぶん", "mn": "enough; sufficient; plenty; adequate; satisfactory", "fr": 6121}, {"w": "補充", "rd": "ほじゅう", "mn": "replenishment; supplementation; supplement; replacement; refilling", "fr": 7429}, {"w": "充満", "rd": "じゅうまん", "mn": "being filled with; being full of; permeation", "fr": 9287}, {"w": "充電", "rd": "じゅうでん", "mn": "charging (electrically)", "fr": 10470}, {"w": "充てる", "rd": "あてる", "mn": "to assign; to set aside", "fr": 21195}, {"w": "拡充", "rd": "かくじゅう", "mn": "expansion", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "充填", "rd": "じゅうてん", "mn": "filling (up); replenishing; filling in (a tooth); loading (a gun with ammunition", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "充当", "rd": "じゅうとう", "mn": "allocation; appropriation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "充足", "rd": "じゅうそく", "mn": "sufficiency", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "緒", "g": 8, "o": 1180, "f": 952, "j": null, "on": "ショ、チョ", "kun": "お、いとぐち", "m": "thong; beginning; inception; end; cord; strap; mental or emotional state", "pm": "thong", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "者", "nj": "シャ", "ne": "someone"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; someone; puppet; sooty; old man; sun; day", "hk": "thong", "hs": "<i>Thread</i> . . . <i>puppet</i>. Although we usually think of a <b>thong</b> as coming at the end of a piece of string, this character's meaning allows for it to come at the beginning as well.", "ks": "A thong is no more than a thread used by someone as underwear!", "v": [{"w": "一緒", "rd": "いっしょ", "mn": "(doing) together", "fr": 135}, {"w": "一緒に", "rd": "いっしょに", "mn": "together (with)", "fr": 415}, {"w": "内緒", "rd": "ないしょ", "mn": "secrecy; confidentiality; privacy; secret", "fr": 2765}, {"w": "情緒", "rd": "じょうしょ", "mn": "emotion; feeling", "fr": 13928}, {"w": "緒", "rd": "お", "mn": "cord; strap; thong", "fr": 19021}, {"w": "由緒", "rd": "ゆいしょ", "mn": "history; pedigree; lineage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "端緒", "rd": "たんしょ", "mn": "start; beginning; first step; clue", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "緒戦", "rd": "しょせん", "mn": "beginning of hostilities; beginning of competition", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 123, "rp": 18, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "跡", "g": 8, "o": 1181, "f": 953, "j": null, "on": "セキ", "kun": "あと", "m": "tracks; mark; print; impression", "pm": "tracks", "r": [{"c": "足", "nj": "あし", "ne": "foot"}, {"c": "亦", "nj": "エキ", "ne": "also"}], "hc": "wooden leg; mouth; stop; footprint; apple", "hk": "tracks", "hs": "Wooden leg . . . apple.", "ks": "Leg + Red: The tracks made by his bleeding leg were red.", "v": [{"w": "奇跡", "rd": "きせき", "mn": "miracle; wonder; marvel", "fr": 2031}, {"w": "跡", "rd": "あと", "mn": "trace; tracks; mark; sign", "fr": 3236}, {"w": "痕跡", "rd": "こんせき", "mn": "trace; vestige; mark; sign; evidence", "fr": 4918}, {"w": "追跡", "rd": "ついせき", "mn": "chase; pursuit; tracking; stalking", "fr": 6268}, {"w": "足跡", "rd": "あしあと", "mn": "footprints", "fr": 6884}, {"w": "形跡", "rd": "けいせき", "mn": "traces; evidence", "fr": 7362}, {"w": "遺跡", "rd": "いせき", "mn": "(archeological) remains; ruins; relics", "fr": 10872}, {"w": "軌跡", "rd": "きせき", "mn": "tire track", "fr": 14079}, {"w": "傷跡", "rd": "きずあと", "mn": "scar", "fr": 14606}, {"w": "跡継ぎ", "rd": "あとつぎ", "mn": "heir; inheritor", "fr": 16216}, {"w": "筆跡", "rd": "ひっせき", "mn": "handwriting", "fr": 16965}, {"w": "史跡", "rd": "しせき", "mn": "historic landmark; historic site; historic remains", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "失跡", "rd": "しっせき", "mn": "absconding; disappearance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "焼け跡", "rd": "やけあと", "mn": "ruins of a fire; fire-devastated area", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "駐", "g": 8, "o": 1182, "f": 955, "j": null, "on": "チュウ", "kun": "", "m": "stop-over; reside in; resident", "pm": "stop-over", "r": [{"c": "馬", "nj": "うま", "ne": "horse"}, {"c": "主", "nj": "シュ", "ne": "lord"}], "hc": "stop-over; team of horses; candlestick; lord; drop; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "parking", "hs": "Team of horses . . . candlestick.", "ks": "<b>Parking</b> in the dark may be difficult…specially if you're <b>parking</b> a <i>trojan horse</i>. To lend you a tiny bit of help, take this <i>candlestick</i> with you, and at least you'll have some light.", "v": [{"w": "駐車場", "rd": "ちゅうしゃじょう", "mn": "parking lot; car park; carpark; parking garage", "fr": 7995}, {"w": "常駐", "rd": "じょうちゅう", "mn": "permanent stationing; staying permanently", "fr": 23092}, {"w": "駐車", "rd": "ちゅうしゃ", "mn": "parking (a vehicle)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "進駐", "rd": "しんちゅう", "mn": "occupation; stationing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駐在", "rd": "ちゅうざい", "mn": "residence; stay; (job) posting; being stationed (overseas, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駐屯", "rd": "ちゅうとん", "mn": "stationing (troops); garrisoning", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駐日", "rd": "ちゅうにち", "mn": "resident in Japan (of a foreign ambassador, government official, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駐留", "rd": "ちゅうりゅう", "mn": "stationing (e.g. of troops); garrison", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "貢", "g": 8, "o": 1183, "f": 956, "j": null, "on": "コウ、ク", "kun": "みつ.ぐ", "m": "tribute; support; finance", "pm": "tribute", "r": [{"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "craft; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "tribute", "hs": "A <b>tribute</b> has a kind of double-meaning in English: honor paid freely and <i>money</i> collected by coercion. Simply because a ruler bestows a noble name on a deed is hardly any consolation to the masses who must part with their hard- earned <i>money</i>. Little wonder that this ancient <i>craft</i> of getting <i>money</i> by calling it a <b>tribute</b> has given way to a name closer to how it feels to those who pay it: a tax.", "ks": "Tribute is the craft of raising money.", "v": [{"w": "貢献", "rd": "こうけん", "mn": "contribution (furthering a goal or cause); services (to a cause)", "fr": 6543}], "p": null}, {"k": "却", "g": 8, "o": 1184, "f": 959, "j": null, "on": "キャク", "kun": "かえ.って、しりぞ.く、しりぞ.ける", "m": "instead; on the contrary; rather; step back; withdraw; retreat", "pm": "instead", "r": [{"c": "去", "nj": "キョ", "ne": "gone"}, {"c": "卩", "nj": "ふしづくり", "ne": "stamp"}], "hc": "gone; soil; dirt; ground; elbow; stamp", "hk": "instead", "hs": "Gone . . . stamp.", "ks": "[instead, on the contrary, rather] <i>Gone</i> is the time for <i>stamps</i> \\- use e-mail <b>instead</b>.", "v": [{"w": "却って", "rd": "かえって", "mn": "on the contrary; rather; instead; all the more", "fr": 3617}, {"w": "却下", "rd": "きゃっか", "mn": "rejection; dismissal", "fr": 5868}, {"w": "返却", "rd": "へんきゃく", "mn": "return of something; repayment", "fr": 11327}, {"w": "退却", "rd": "たいきゃく", "mn": "retreat; withdrawal; retirement", "fr": 16192}, {"w": "売却", "rd": "ばいきゃく", "mn": "selling off; disposal by sale; sale", "fr": 19873}, {"w": "忘却", "rd": "ぼうきゃく", "mn": "lapse of memory; forgetting completely; (consigning to) oblivion", "fr": 20947}, {"w": "冷却", "rd": "れいきゃく", "mn": "cooling; refrigeration", "fr": 22277}, {"w": "償却", "rd": "しょうきゃく", "mn": "repayment; redemption", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "棄却", "rd": "ききゃく", "mn": "rejection; dismissal; turning down; abandoning; renunciation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "減価償却", "rd": "げんかしょうきゃく", "mn": "depreciation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "焼却", "rd": "しょうきゃく", "mn": "incineration; destruction by fire", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脱却", "rd": "だっきゃく", "mn": "ridding oneself; freeing oneself of; growing out of; overcoming; outgrowing", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "端", "g": 8, "o": 1185, "f": 960, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "はし、は、はた、-ばた、はな", "m": "edge; origin; end; point; border; verge; cape", "pm": "edge", "r": [{"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}, {"c": "耑", "nj": "タン", "ne": "specialized"}], "hc": "vase; stand up; pick-axe; mountain; comb", "hk": "edge", "hs": "Vase . . . mountain . . . comb.", "ks": "When you stand a comb on its edge , it looks like the mountain (#768 山) kanji.", "v": [{"w": "端", "rd": "はし", "mn": "end (e.g. of street); tip; point; edge; margin", "fr": 2670}, {"w": "途端", "rd": "とたん", "mn": "just (now, at the moment, etc.); just as; in the act of; as soon as; at the mome", "fr": 2893}, {"w": "半端", "rd": "はんぱ", "mn": "remnant; fragment; incomplete set; incompleteness", "fr": 3768}, {"w": "先端", "rd": "せんたん", "mn": "pointed end; tip; point; cusp (of a leaf, crescent moon, etc.); apex (of a curve", "fr": 4810}, {"w": "極端", "rd": "きょくたん", "mn": "extreme; extremity", "fr": 5063}, {"w": "中途半端", "rd": "ちゅうとはんぱ", "mn": "halfway; half measures; unfinished; incomplete; by halves; half-baked; half-cock", "fr": 5629}, {"w": "途端に", "rd": "とたんに", "mn": "just as; right after; in the act of; as soon as; at that moment", "fr": 6814}, {"w": "道端", "rd": "みちばた", "mn": "roadside; wayside", "fr": 10495}, {"w": "発端", "rd": "ほったん", "mn": "origin; genesis; opening; start; beginning", "fr": 10854}, {"w": "一端", "rd": "いったん", "mn": "one end; an end", "fr": 11115}, {"w": "端末", "rd": "たんまつ", "mn": "terminal; computer terminal", "fr": 11569}, {"w": "最先端", "rd": "さいせんたん", "mn": "cutting edge; leading edge; forefront; state of the art", "fr": 13983}, {"w": "端的", "rd": "たんてき", "mn": "frank; direct; plain; straightforward; point-blank; concise", "fr": 15746}, {"w": "末端", "rd": "まったん", "mn": "end; tip; extremities; terminal", "fr": 16885}, {"w": "両端", "rd": "りょうたん", "mn": "both ends; either end; both edges", "fr": 17715}], "p": null}, {"k": "紹", "g": 8, "o": 1186, "f": 963, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "", "m": "introduce; inherit; help", "pm": "introduce", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "召", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "seduce"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; summon; seduce; sword; dagger; mouth", "hk": "introduce", "hs": "Thread . . . seduce.", "ks": "Spiderman seduces all the girls he's <b>introduce</b> d to.", "v": [{"w": "紹介", "rd": "しょうかい", "mn": "introduction; presentation; referral; showcase (of a product)", "fr": 814}, {"w": "自己紹介", "rd": "じこしょうかい", "mn": "self-introduction", "fr": 3713}, {"w": "紹介文", "rd": "しょうかいぶん", "mn": "introductory text; introductory essay", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紹介者", "rd": "しょうかいしゃ", "mn": "person who introduces someone; introducer", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "獲", "g": 8, "o": 1187, "f": 964, "j": null, "on": "カク", "kun": "え.る", "m": "seize; get; find; earn; acquire; can; may; able to", "pm": "seize", "r": [{"c": "犭", "nj": "けものへん", "ne": "beast"}, {"c": "蒦", "nj": "ワク", "ne": "to measure"}], "hc": "pack of wild dogs; radio caroline; flowers; vessels; turkey; crotch", "hk": "seize", "hs": "A pack of <i>wild dogs</i> . . . <i>flowers</i> . . . <i>vessels</i>. Do not confuse this with the character for <i>arrest</i> (Frame 706).", "ks": "Customs just seize d a crate of poppies ( flowers ) detected by trained wild dogs who inspected the vessel.", "v": [{"w": "獲物", "rd": "えもの", "mn": "prey; catch; kill; game", "fr": 3828}, {"w": "獲得", "rd": "かくとく", "mn": "acquisition; possession", "fr": 5661}, {"w": "捕獲", "rd": "ほかく", "mn": "capture; seizure", "fr": 8234}, {"w": "乱獲", "rd": "らんかく", "mn": "overfishing; overhunting; indiscriminate fishing; indiscriminate hunting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漁獲", "rd": "ぎょかく", "mn": "fishery; fishing; catch; haul", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "併", "g": 8, "o": 1188, "f": 966, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ", "kun": "あわ.せる", "m": "join; get together; unite; collective", "pm": "join", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "并", "nj": "ヘイ", "ne": "put together"}], "hc": "person; puzzle; horns; two hands", "hk": "join", "hs": "The sense of the key word is one of <b>joining</b> things together that were previously separate. Its elements: <i>person</i> . . . <i>puzzle</i>.", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> furiously works a <i>puzzle</i> in an attempt to <b>join</b> Mensa, the high-IQ society.", "v": [{"w": "併せる", "rd": "あわせる", "mn": "to match (rhythm, speed, etc.)", "fr": 21688}, {"w": "併設", "rd": "へいせつ", "mn": "joint establishment (esp. schools of different levels or different courses of st", "fr": 23040}, {"w": "合併", "rd": "がっぺい", "mn": "merger (of companies, towns, etc.); combination; union; amalgamation; consolidat", "fr": 24619}, {"w": "併合", "rd": "へいごう", "mn": "merger; joining into one; amalgamation; melding; merging; annexation; absorption", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "併殺", "rd": "へいさつ", "mn": "double play", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "併用", "rd": "へいよう", "mn": "combined use; using together (with); using jointly; using at the same time", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "併発", "rd": "へいはつ", "mn": "concurrence; coincidence; complication (in illness)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "併記", "rd": "へいき", "mn": "writing side by side; writing (down) together; writing (down) both", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "合併症", "rd": "がっぺいしょう", "mn": "complication", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "徹", "g": 8, "o": 1189, "f": 968, "j": null, "on": "テツ", "kun": "", "m": "penetrate; clear; pierce; strike home; sit up (all night)", "pm": "penetrate", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "育", "nj": "イク", "ne": "bring up"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; borstal; bring up; infant; toddler; top hat; elbow; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; taskmaster", "hk": "penetrate", "hs": "Line . . . bring up . . . taskmaster.", "ks": "The <i>taskmistress</i> in a moment of weakness allowed the man's <i>column</i> to <b>penetrate</b> her. As punishment he was made to <i>bring up</i> their infant.", "v": [{"w": "徹底的", "rd": "てっていてき", "mn": "thorough; exhaustive; complete", "fr": 3210}, {"w": "徹夜", "rd": "てつや", "mn": "staying up all night", "fr": 5015}, {"w": "徹底", "rd": "てってい", "mn": "thoroughness; completeness; consistency", "fr": 5485}, {"w": "徹する", "rd": "てっする", "mn": "to penetrate; to sink in", "fr": 8687}, {"w": "冷徹", "rd": "れいてつ", "mn": "cool-headed; level-headed; hard-headed", "fr": 14103}, {"w": "貫徹", "rd": "かんてつ", "mn": "accomplishment; realization; attainment; fulfillment; achievement", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "衝", "g": 8, "o": 1190, "f": 972, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "つ.く", "m": "collide; brunt; highway; opposition (astronomy); thrust; pierce; stab; prick", "pm": "collide", "r": [{"c": "行", "nj": "ぎょうがまえ", "ne": "to go"}, {"c": "重", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "heavy"}], "hc": "boulevard; going; heavy; thousand; ri; computer", "hk": "collide", "hs": "Boulevard . . . heavy.", "ks": "Two <i>heavy trucks</i> in a game of chicken <b>collide</b> while racing toward each other on the <i>boulevard</i>.", "v": [{"w": "衝撃", "rd": "しょうげき", "mn": "impact; shock; impulse", "fr": 1956}, {"w": "衝動", "rd": "しょうどう", "mn": "impulse; urge; impetus", "fr": 4837}, {"w": "衝突", "rd": "しょうとつ", "mn": "collision; crash; impact; running into", "fr": 4899}, {"w": "折衝", "rd": "せっしょう", "mn": "negotiation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "緩衝地帯", "rd": "かんしょうちたい", "mn": "buffer zone", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "要衝", "rd": "ようしょう", "mn": "important point; strategic position; key point", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "焦", "g": 8, "o": 1191, "f": 973, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "こ.げる、こ.がす、こ.がれる、あせ.る、じ.れる、じ.らす", "m": "char; hurry; impatient; irritate; burn; scorch; singe", "pm": "char", "r": [{"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "turkey; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "char", "hs": "Turkey . . . oven fire.", "ks": "When I put the <i>turkey</i> over the <i>oven fire</i> , it always ends up being <b>charred</b> beyond recognition. I'm not a very good cook.", "v": [{"w": "焦る", "rd": "あせる", "mn": "to be in a hurry; to be impatient; to be anxious (to do); to fret", "fr": 1218}, {"w": "焦げる", "rd": "こげる", "mn": "to burn; to scorch; to char; to singe", "fr": 6973}, {"w": "焦点", "rd": "しょうてん", "mn": "focus; focal point", "fr": 10593}, {"w": "焦がす", "rd": "こがす", "mn": "to burn; to scorch; to singe; to char", "fr": 11797}, {"w": "焦燥", "rd": "しょうそう", "mn": "impatience; irritation; frustration; fretfulness", "fr": 15832}, {"w": "焦り", "rd": "あせり", "mn": "impatience", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "奪", "g": 8, "o": 1192, "f": 974, "j": null, "on": "ダツ", "kun": "うば.う", "m": "rob; take by force; snatch away; dispossess; plunder; usurp", "pm": "rob", "r": [{"c": "奞", "nj": "シュン", "ne": "the stride made by a man"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "large; St. Bernard; turkey; glue", "hk": "rob", "hs": "Whereas <i>burglary</i> (Frame 381) implies clandestine appropriation of another's property, <b>robbery</b> refers to taking by force. The primitive elements: <i>St. Bernard dog</i> . . . <i>turkey</i> . . . <i>glue</i>.", "ks": "Don't let the neighbor's <i>St.Bernard</i> <b>rob</b> tonight's <i>turkey</i> …. <i>glue</i> it to the table if you must.", "v": [{"w": "奪う", "rd": "うばう", "mn": "to take (by force); to take away; to snatch; to steal; to rob (someone) of; to d", "fr": 812}, {"w": "奪還", "rd": "だっかん", "mn": "recapture; retaking; recovery; taking back", "fr": 12725}, {"w": "強奪", "rd": "ごうだつ", "mn": "robbery; pillage; seizure; hijacking; plunder; extortion", "fr": 15420}, {"w": "略奪", "rd": "りゃくだつ", "mn": "pillage; plunder; looting; robbery", "fr": 17564}, {"w": "奪取", "rd": "だっしゅ", "mn": "usurpation; taking back; dispossession", "fr": 19405}, {"w": "争奪", "rd": "そうだつ", "mn": "struggle (for); scramble; contest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "奪三振", "rd": "だつさんしん", "mn": "striking a batter out", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "奪回", "rd": "だっかい", "mn": "recovery; rescue; recapture", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "雇", "g": 8, "o": 1193, "f": 975, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "やと.う", "m": "employ; hire", "pm": "employ", "r": [{"c": "戸", "nj": "コ", "ne": "door"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "door; one; ceiling; flag; turkey", "hk": "employ", "hs": "<i>Door</i> . . . <i>turkey</i>. Be sure to keep distinct from both <i>employee</i> (Frame 59) and <i>use</i> (Frame 1065).", "ks": "Our company has no standards. We'll <b>employ</b> any <i>turkey</i> who walks in the <i>door</i>.", "v": [{"w": "雇う", "rd": "やとう", "mn": "to employ; to hire; to take on", "fr": 2758}, {"w": "解雇", "rd": "かいこ", "mn": "dismissal (of an employee); discharge; firing; layoff", "fr": 15938}, {"w": "雇い主", "rd": "やといぬし", "mn": "employer", "fr": 16048}, {"w": "雇用", "rd": "こよう", "mn": "employment; hire", "fr": 21915}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "浦", "g": 8, "o": 1194, "f": 977, "j": null, "on": "ホ", "kun": "うら", "m": "bay; creek; inlet; gulf; beach; seacoast", "pm": "bay", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "甫", "nj": "ホ", "ne": "for the first time"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; dog-tag; arrowhead; screwdriver; utilize; utilise", "hk": "bay", "hs": "Water . . . dog tag.", "ks": "The <i>water</i> of the <b>bay</b> washes all the <i>dog tags</i> up after the battle.", "v": [{"w": "浦", "rd": "うら", "mn": "inlet", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "替", "g": 8, "o": 1195, "f": 979, "j": null, "on": "タイ", "kun": "か.える、か.え-、か.わる", "m": "exchange; spare; substitute; per-", "pm": "exchange", "r": [{"c": "夫", "nj": "フ", "ne": "husband"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "husband; sun; day; tongue wagging", "hk": "exchange", "hs": "Two husbands . . . day.", "ks": "There will come a day when two husbands can exchange vows.", "v": [{"w": "着替える", "rd": "きかえる", "mn": "to change (one's clothes)", "fr": 1398}, {"w": "替える", "rd": "かえる", "mn": "to replace; to convert; to change", "fr": 3957}, {"w": "着替え", "rd": "きがえ", "mn": "changing clothes; change of clothes", "fr": 3974}, {"w": "切り替える", "rd": "きりかえる", "mn": "to change; to switch; to change over (to); to renew", "fr": 4052}, {"w": "取り替える", "rd": "とりかえる", "mn": "to exchange; to swap; to barter; to trade", "fr": 8279}, {"w": "替え", "rd": "かえ", "mn": "change; alteration", "fr": 9711}, {"w": "替わる", "rd": "かわる", "mn": "to succeed; to relieve; to replace", "fr": 10921}, {"w": "切り替え", "rd": "きりかえ", "mn": "exchange; conversion; replacement; switching (to); switchover", "fr": 12170}, {"w": "塗り替える", "rd": "ぬりかえる", "mn": "to repaint; to paint again; to paint (a different colour)", "fr": 14315}, {"w": "入れ替え", "rd": "いれかえ", "mn": "replacement; substitution; change", "fr": 21878}, {"w": "交替", "rd": "こうたい", "mn": "change; alternation; rotation; replacement; substitution; shift; relief; taking ", "fr": 24575}, {"w": "両替", "rd": "りょうがえ", "mn": "change; money exchange", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "為替", "rd": "かわせ", "mn": "money order; draft", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "並び替える", "rd": "ならびかえる", "mn": "to reorganize; to rearrange; to put (things) in order", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "代替", "rd": "だいたい", "mn": "substitution", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 73, "rp": 16, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "析", "g": 8, "o": 1196, "f": 980, "j": null, "on": "セキ", "kun": "", "m": "chop; divide; tear; analyze", "pm": "chop", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "斤", "nj": "おのづくり", "ne": "axe"}], "hc": "tree; wood; axe", "hk": "chop", "hs": "Tree . . . ax.", "ks": "We <b>chop</b> down <i>trees</i> with <i>axes</i> to <b>analyze</b> their rings.", "v": [{"w": "分析", "rd": "ぶんせき", "mn": "analysis", "fr": 3916}, {"w": "解析", "rd": "かいせき", "mn": "analysis; analytical study", "fr": 7882}, {"w": "透析", "rd": "とうせき", "mn": "dialysis", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "譲", "g": 8, "o": 1197, "f": 984, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ", "kun": "ゆず.る", "m": "defer; turnover; transfer; convey", "pm": "defer", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "㐮", "nj": "", "ne": "to help"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; grass skirt; top hat; eight; six; animal legs; celery; scarf", "hk": "defer", "hs": "Words . . . grass skirt.", "ks": "The islanders defer to the word s of their chief Jou in his grass skirt.", "v": [{"w": "譲る", "rd": "ゆずる", "mn": "to hand over; to transfer; to turn over; to assign; to convey; to bequeath", "fr": 1975}, {"w": "譲渡", "rd": "じょうと", "mn": "transfer; assignment; conveyance", "fr": 12408}, {"w": "譲歩", "rd": "じょうほ", "mn": "concession; conciliation; compromise", "fr": 15163}, {"w": "分譲", "rd": "ぶんじょう", "mn": "selling (real-estate) lots", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "割譲", "rd": "かつじょう", "mn": "cession (of territory)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "移譲", "rd": "いじょう", "mn": "handing over (of a right, property, etc.); transfer; assignment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "親譲り", "rd": "おやゆずり", "mn": "inheritance from a parent (property, trait, physique, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "譲り渡す", "rd": "ゆずりわたす", "mn": "to hand over; to turn over; to cede", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "称", "g": 8, "o": 1198, "f": 985, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "たた.える、とな.える、あ.げる、かな.う、はか.り、はか.る、ほめ.る", "m": "appellation; praise; admire; name; title; fame", "pm": "appellation", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "尓", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "you"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; hammock; reclining; lying down; small; little", "hk": "appellation", "hs": "Wheat . . . reclining . . . little.", "ks": "WHEAT that is RECLINING and LITTLE ( small ) can't get the APPELLATION \"quality wheat\".", "v": [{"w": "通称", "rd": "つうしょう", "mn": "popular name; common name; nickname; alias", "fr": 5755}, {"w": "称する", "rd": "しょうする", "mn": "to call; to name", "fr": 6780}, {"w": "自称", "rd": "じしょう", "mn": "self-proclaimed; self-professed; self-styled; would-be", "fr": 7761}, {"w": "称号", "rd": "しょうごう", "mn": "title; name; degree", "fr": 10381}, {"w": "名称", "rd": "めいしょう", "mn": "name; title", "fr": 11421}, {"w": "称賛", "rd": "しょうさん", "mn": "praise; admiration; commendation; approbation; applause", "fr": 13977}, {"w": "呼称", "rd": "こしょう", "mn": "name; designation; denomination; naming; giving a name", "fr": 16332}, {"w": "愛称", "rd": "あいしょう", "mn": "pet name; nickname; affectionate name; term of endearment", "fr": 19124}, {"w": "正式名称", "rd": "せいしきめいしょう", "mn": "official name; formal name", "fr": 22027}, {"w": "仮称", "rd": "かしょう", "mn": "temporary name; provisional name", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公称", "rd": "こうしょう", "mn": "public announcement; official statement; official claim", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "対称", "rd": "たいしょう", "mn": "symmetry", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "尊称", "rd": "そんしょう", "mn": "honorific title", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "敬称", "rd": "けいしょう", "mn": "honorific title; honorific term of address", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "略称", "rd": "りゃくしょう", "mn": "abbreviation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "挑", "g": 8, "o": 1199, "f": 989, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "いど.む", "m": "challenge; contend for; make love to", "pm": "challenge", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "兆", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "portent"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; turtle; portent", "hk": "challenge", "hs": "Fingers . . . portent.", "ks": "The rabbit pointed his FINGER at the TURTLE and said, \"I <b>CHALLENGE</b> you for a race!\" The rest is history…", "v": [{"w": "挑戦", "rd": "ちょうせん", "mn": "challenge; defiance; dare; attempt; try", "fr": 2723}, {"w": "挑む", "rd": "いどむ", "mn": "to challenge to (a fight, game, etc.); to throw down the gauntlet; to contend fo", "fr": 2940}, {"w": "挑発", "rd": "ちょうはつ", "mn": "provocation; stirring up; arousal; excitement; stimulation", "fr": 4680}, {"w": "挑発的", "rd": "ちょうはつてき", "mn": "provocative; incendiary; inflammatory", "fr": 14112}, {"w": "初挑戦", "rd": "はつちょうせん", "mn": "first challenge; first try", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "誘", "g": 8, "o": 1200, "f": 993, "j": null, "on": "ユウ", "kun": "さそ.う、いざな.う", "m": "entice; lead; tempt; invite; ask; call for; seduce; allure", "pm": "entice", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "秀", "nj": "シュウ", "ne": "excel"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; excel; wheat; cereal; fist; from", "hk": "entice", "hs": "<i>Words</i> . . . <i>excel</i>. Compare <i>beckon</i> (Frame 702), to <i>urge</i> (Frame 300), <i>seduce</i> (Frame 90), and <i>encourage</i> (Frame 931) when choosing your connotation.", "ks": "<i>Word</i> and <i>Excel</i> somehow manage to <b>entice</b> people to use them, despite their plethora of bugs.", "v": [{"w": "誘う", "rd": "さそう", "mn": "to invite; to ask (someone to do); to call (for); to take (someone) along", "fr": 851}, {"w": "誘い", "rd": "さそい", "mn": "invitation; introduction", "fr": 3248}, {"w": "誘導", "rd": "ゆうどう", "mn": "guidance; leading; induction; introduction; incitement; inducement", "fr": 3848}, {"w": "誘惑", "rd": "ゆうわく", "mn": "temptation; allurement; lure; enticement; seduction", "fr": 5050}, {"w": "誘拐", "rd": "ゆうかい", "mn": "abduction; kidnapping; kidnaping", "fr": 5067}, {"w": "勧誘", "rd": "かんゆう", "mn": "invitation; solicitation; canvassing; canvasing; inducement; persuasion; encoura", "fr": 8009}, {"w": "誘発", "rd": "ゆうはつ", "mn": "inducing; causing; triggering; giving rise to", "fr": 20611}, {"w": "誘い水", "rd": "さそいみず", "mn": "pump priming", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "誘因", "rd": "ゆういん", "mn": "contributing cause; exciting cause; incentive; motive", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "誘致", "rd": "ゆうち", "mn": "attraction; lure; invitation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "紛", "g": 8, "o": 1201, "f": 994, "j": null, "on": "フン", "kun": "まぎ.れる、-まぎ.れ、まぎ.らす、まぎ.らわす、まぎ.らわしい", "m": "distract; be mistaken for; go astray; divert", "pm": "distract", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "分", "nj": "ブン", "ne": "part"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; part; eight; sword; dagger", "hk": "distract", "hs": "Thread . . . part.", "ks": "Distract = to lose the thread of thought in part , i.e. not completely.", "v": [{"w": "紛れる", "rd": "まぎれる", "mn": "to disappear into; to be lost in; to slip into; to get mixed in among", "fr": 5721}, {"w": "紛れもない", "rd": "まぎれもない", "mn": "unmistakable; evident; obvious; certain; beyond doubt", "fr": 6925}, {"w": "紛らわしい", "rd": "まぎらわしい", "mn": "easily mixed up (e.g. similar words); easily mistaken; confusing; misleading; eq", "fr": 14645}, {"w": "紛失", "rd": "ふんしつ", "mn": "loss; going missing", "fr": 19169}, {"w": "紛争", "rd": "ふんそう", "mn": "dispute; conflict; trouble; unrest; strife", "fr": 23711}, {"w": "紛らす", "rd": "まぎらす", "mn": "to divert (e.g. one's mind); to distract; to relieve (boredom, sorrow, etc.); to", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紛れ", "rd": "まぐれ", "mn": "fluke; chance; pure luck", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紛糾", "rd": "ふんきゅう", "mn": "complication; confusion; disorder; chaos; dispute; conflict; trouble; quarrel", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "促", "g": 8, "o": 1202, "f": 998, "j": null, "on": "ソク", "kun": "うなが.す", "m": "stimulate; urge; press; demand; incite", "pm": "stimulate", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "足", "nj": "あし", "ne": "foot"}], "hc": "person; leg; mouth; mending; mend", "hk": "stimulate", "hs": "Person . . . leg.", "ks": "You <b>stimulate</b> a person by giving him a kick.", "v": [{"w": "促す", "rd": "うながす", "mn": "to urge; to encourage; to press; to prompt; to draw (attention to)", "fr": 4073}, {"w": "催促", "rd": "さいそく", "mn": "pressing; urging; demanding; demand", "fr": 9644}, {"w": "促進", "rd": "そくしん", "mn": "promotion; acceleration; encouragement; facilitation; spurring on", "fr": 22248}, {"w": "促成", "rd": "そくせい", "mn": "promotion of growth", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "督促", "rd": "とくそく", "mn": "urge; demand; importunity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "販促", "rd": "はんそく", "mn": "sales promotion", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "慎", "g": 8, "o": 1203, "f": 999, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "つつし.む、つつ.ましい、つつし、つつし.み", "m": "humility; be careful; discreet; prudent", "pm": "humility", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "真", "nj": "シン", "ne": "true"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; true; truth; ten; needle; eye; tool; animal legs; eight", "hk": "humility", "hs": "State of mind . . . truth.", "ks": "<b>Humility</b> is the <i>state of mind</i> of accepting the <i>truth</i> about yourself - both favorable and unfavorable. (tweaked version of Raichu's).", "v": [{"w": "慎重", "rd": "しんちょう", "mn": "careful; cautious; prudent; discreet; deliberate", "fr": 2149}, {"w": "慎む", "rd": "つつしむ", "mn": "to be careful; to be discreet", "fr": 10916}, {"w": "謹慎", "rd": "きんしん", "mn": "self restraint; moderating one's own behavior; penitence; discipline", "fr": 17496}], "p": null}, {"k": "控", "g": 8, "o": 1204, "f": 1000, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "ひか.える、ひか.え", "m": "withdraw; draw in; hold back; refrain from; be moderate", "pm": "withdraw", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "空", "nj": "クウ", "ne": "empty"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; empty; sky; hole; house; human legs; craft", "hk": "withdraw", "hs": "Fingers . . . empty.", "ks": "WITHDRAW your FINGERS from the cookie jar if it is already EMPTY.", "v": [{"w": "控える", "rd": "ひかえる", "mn": "to be temperate in; to refrain; to abstain; to hold back; to restrain oneself fr", "fr": 2246}, {"w": "控えめ", "rd": "ひかえめ", "mn": "moderate; reserved; modest; temperate; restrained; low-key; conservative (estima", "fr": 6312}, {"w": "控え室", "rd": "ひかえしつ", "mn": "waiting room; anteroom; antechamber; green room", "fr": 18404}, {"w": "控室", "rd": "ひかえしつ", "mn": "waiting room; anteroom; antechamber; green room", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "控除", "rd": "こうじょ", "mn": "subtraction; deduction (e.g. of tax)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "差し控える", "rd": "さしひかえる", "mn": "to be moderate in; to be temperate in; to not do too much of", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "手控え", "rd": "てびかえ", "mn": "note; memorandum", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "控え", "rd": "ひかえ", "mn": "reserve; spare; backup", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "控訴", "rd": "こうそ", "mn": "appeal to a higher court; intermediate appeal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "買い控え", "rd": "かいびかえ", "mn": "restrained buying", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "贈", "g": 8, "o": 1205, "f": 1001, "j": null, "on": "ゾウ、ソウ", "kun": "おく.る", "m": "presents; send; give to; award to; confer on; presenting something", "pm": "presents", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "曽", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "formerly"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; increase; formerly; horns; rice field; brains; sun; day", "hk": "presents", "hs": "The <b>presents</b> offered here are <i>money</i> that <i>increases</i> each time you give it away. Do not confuse with the temporal word  \"present\" (Frame 275).", "ks": "SEA SHELLS were FORMALLY great PRESENTS. Nowadays kids wants playstation and DS!", "v": [{"w": "贈る", "rd": "おくる", "mn": "to give (as a gift); to present", "fr": 4145}, {"w": "贈り物", "rd": "おくりもの", "mn": "present; gift", "fr": 6445}, {"w": "寄贈", "rd": "きぞう", "mn": "donation; presentation; gift", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "贈り主", "rd": "おくりぬし", "mn": "sender (of a present)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "贈与", "rd": "ぞうよ", "mn": "donation; presentation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "贈収賄", "rd": "ぞうしゅうわい", "mn": "bribery; corruption", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "贈呈", "rd": "ぞうてい", "mn": "presentation (of a gift, prize, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "贈答", "rd": "ぞうとう", "mn": "exchange of presents", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "贈賄", "rd": "ぞうわい", "mn": "giving a bribe; bribery", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "握", "g": 8, "o": 1206, "f": 1003, "j": null, "on": "アク", "kun": "にぎ.る", "m": "grip; hold; mould sushi; bribe", "pm": "grip", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "屋", "nj": "オク", "ne": "roof"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; roof; flag climax; wall; one; ceiling; elbow; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "grip", "hs": "Fingers . . . roof.", "ks": "Fingers <b>grip</b> ping the roof as your about to fall to your death. Think of an action scene in some movie.", "v": [{"w": "握る", "rd": "にぎる", "mn": "to clasp; to grasp; to grip; to clutch", "fr": 1355}, {"w": "把握", "rd": "はあく", "mn": "grasp (of the situation, meaning, etc.); understanding; control; hold; grip", "fr": 2298}, {"w": "握手", "rd": "あくしゅ", "mn": "handshake", "fr": 5232}, {"w": "握り締める", "rd": "にぎりしめる", "mn": "to grasp tightly", "fr": 9708}, {"w": "掌握", "rd": "しょうあく", "mn": "grasping; seizing; holding; commanding; having control over", "fr": 11595}, {"w": "握り", "rd": "にぎり", "mn": "grasping; gripping; grasp; grip; clutch", "fr": 16853}, {"w": "握力", "rd": "あくりょく", "mn": "grip (of hand); grip strength", "fr": 17790}, {"w": "一握り", "rd": "ひとにぎり", "mn": "a handful (of)", "fr": 22650}, {"w": "握らす", "rd": "にぎらす", "mn": "to let (someone) take hold of your hand", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "握り飯", "rd": "にぎりめし", "mn": "onigiri; rice ball", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "俊", "g": 8, "o": 1207, "f": 1007, "j": null, "on": "シュン", "kun": "", "m": "sagacious; genius; excellence", "pm": "sagacious", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "夋", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "person; streetwalker; Ministry of silly walks; John Cleese; license; elbow; human legs; walking legs", "hk": "sagacious", "hs": "Person . . . license . . . walking legs.", "ks": "The entire town wants to get rid of <i>legal prostitutes</i> , but the <b>sagacious</b> <i>Mr T</i> realizes that they are a benefit to the economy and society. So he lets the sa-geishas stay.", "v": [{"w": "俊英", "rd": "しゅんえい", "mn": "excellence; genius", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "俊足", "rd": "しゅんそく", "mn": "swiftness of foot; fast runner", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "薄", "g": 8, "o": 1208, "f": 1009, "j": null, "on": "ハク", "kun": "うす.い、うす-、-うす、うす.める、うす.まる、うす.らぐ、うす.ら-、うす.れる、すすき", "m": "dilute; thin; weak (tea); pampas grass", "pm": "dilute", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "溥", "nj": "フ", "ne": "far and wide"}], "hc": "flowers; water; water droplets; water pistol; acupuncturist; specialty; drop; ten; needle; rice field; brains; glue", "hk": "dilute", "hs": "Take a good look at this kanji: the \"strong\" element here is really the <i>flower</i> , not the <i>water</i> as you might have thought on first glance. To the right is the <i>acupuncturist</i> from frame 48. Taking the key word to connote <b>diluting</b> the vital humors of the body, we can imagine our <i>acupuncturist</i> performing his task with <i>flowers</i> in place of needles, and using their hollow stems to pipe <i>water</i> into the body of the patient.", "ks": "A <i>Dr.</i> missing his needle can only use <b>dilute</b> <i>flower water</i> for medicine.", "v": [{"w": "薄い", "rd": "うすい", "mn": "thin (of an object)", "fr": 1798}, {"w": "薄暗い", "rd": "うすぐらい", "mn": "dim; gloomy", "fr": 5586}, {"w": "薄れる", "rd": "うすれる", "mn": "to fade; to become dim", "fr": 5757}, {"w": "軽薄", "rd": "けいはく", "mn": "frivolous; flippant; superficial; shallow; trifling; insincere", "fr": 15295}, {"w": "手薄", "rd": "てうす", "mn": "shorthanded; short of hands; undermanned", "fr": 17220}, {"w": "希薄", "rd": "きはく", "mn": "thin (air); weak (liquid); dilute; sparse (population); rarefied", "fr": 17796}, {"w": "薄着", "rd": "うすぎ", "mn": "being lightly dressed", "fr": 19425}, {"w": "薄める", "rd": "うすめる", "mn": "to dilute; to water down; to thin; to lighten (e.g. a color); to make less stron", "fr": 20559}, {"w": "薄まる", "rd": "うすまる", "mn": "to become weak", "fr": 21018}, {"w": "薄らぐ", "rd": "うすらぐ", "mn": "to become thin; to fade; to grow pale", "fr": 24212}, {"w": "薄弱", "rd": "はくじゃく", "mn": "feebleness; weakness", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "精神薄弱", "rd": "せいしんはくじゃく", "mn": "feeble-mindedness; intellectual disability", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "肉薄", "rd": "にくはく", "mn": "closing in on (the enemy, first place, etc.); coming close to; pressing hard", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 77, "rp": 40, "l": 7, "n": "薄い 専門 導く"}}, {"k": "渋", "g": 8, "o": 1209, "f": 1011, "j": null, "on": "ジュウ、シュウ", "kun": "しぶ、しぶ.い、しぶ.る", "m": "astringent; hesitate; reluctant; have diarrhea", "pm": "astringent", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "止", "nj": "とめる", "ne": "to stop"}, {"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; stop; footprint; sparkler", "hk": "astringent", "hs": "Water . . . footprint . . . sparkler.", "ks": "If you eat something <b>astringent</b> <i>water</i> will <i>stop</i> the <i>sparkly</i> sensation in your mouth.", "v": [{"w": "渋い", "rd": "しぶい", "mn": "astringent; bitter; puckery; rough; harsh; tart", "fr": 7412}, {"w": "渋る", "rd": "しぶる", "mn": "to be reluctant (to do); to be unwilling (to do); to hesitate (to do); to grudge", "fr": 12449}, {"w": "渋谷", "rd": "しぶや", "mn": "Shibuya City (special ward of Tokyo); Shibuya", "fr": 12874}, {"w": "渋滞", "rd": "じゅうたい", "mn": "(traffic) congestion; traffic jam; gridlock", "fr": 16445}, {"w": "苦渋", "rd": "くじゅう", "mn": "bitterness; distress; pain; anguish; affliction", "fr": 21922}, {"w": "渋面", "rd": "じゅうめん", "mn": "grimace; sullen face", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "銃", "g": 8, "o": 1210, "f": 1013, "j": null, "on": "ジュウ", "kun": "つつ", "m": "gun; arms", "pm": "gun", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "充", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "allot"}], "hc": "metal; gold; allot; infant; toddler; top hat; elbow; human legs", "hk": "gun", "hs": "Metal . . . allot.", "ks": "\"Everyone is allotted a metal <b>gun</b> \" (US constitution according to the NRA).", "v": [{"w": "銃", "rd": "じゅう", "mn": "gun; firearm; small arms (e.g. rifle, pistol, etc)", "fr": 3374}, {"w": "銃声", "rd": "じゅうせい", "mn": "sound of a gunshot; report of a gun", "fr": 7735}, {"w": "拳銃", "rd": "けんじゅう", "mn": "pistol; handgun", "fr": 7996}, {"w": "銃弾", "rd": "じゅうだん", "mn": "bullet (from a rifle)", "fr": 10330}, {"w": "銃撃", "rd": "じゅうげき", "mn": "shooting; gunning (down)", "fr": 16637}, {"w": "小銃", "rd": "しょうじゅう", "mn": "rifle; small arms", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "機関銃", "rd": "きかんじゅう", "mn": "machine gun", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "猟銃", "rd": "りょうじゅう", "mn": "hunting gun; sportsgun", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "短銃", "rd": "たんじゅう", "mn": "pistol", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "銃器", "rd": "じゅうき", "mn": "small arms", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "銃殺", "rd": "じゅうさつ", "mn": "death by shooting", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "携", "g": 8, "o": 1211, "f": 1017, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "たずさ.える、たずさ.わる", "m": "portable; carry (in hand); armed with; bring along", "pm": "portable", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "隽", "nj": "", "ne": "superior"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; turkey; fist; from", "hk": "portable", "hs": "Fingers . . . turkey . . . fist.", "ks": "Because they have no fingers , turkeys must use their fists when dialing on a portable phone.", "v": [{"w": "携帯", "rd": "けいたい", "mn": "carrying (on one's person or in the hand)", "fr": 2094}, {"w": "携帯電話", "rd": "けいたいでんわ", "mn": "mobile phone; cell phone", "fr": 5134}, {"w": "連携", "rd": "れんけい", "mn": "cooperation; coordination; collaboration; alignment", "fr": 6783}, {"w": "携わる", "rd": "たずさわる", "mn": "to engage in; to participate in; to take part in; to be involved in", "fr": 10411}, {"w": "携える", "rd": "たずさえる", "mn": "to carry in one's hand; to carry with one; to have on one's person; to bear", "fr": 11924}, {"w": "提携", "rd": "ていけい", "mn": "cooperation; tie-up; joint business; partnership; alliance; sponsorship", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "必携", "rd": "ひっけい", "mn": "indispensable; essential; must-have", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "携帯ストラップ", "rd": "けいたいストラップ", "mn": "straps for mobile phone", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "奥", "g": 8, "o": 1212, "f": 1018, "j": null, "on": "オウ", "kun": "おく、おく.まる、くま", "m": "heart; interior", "pm": "heart", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "冂", "nj": "けいがまえ", "ne": "to enclose"}, {"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}], "hc": "drop; pent in; rice; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "core", "hs": "<i>A drop</i> . . . <i>pent in</i> . . . <i>rice</i> . . . <i>St. Bernard dog</i>. Notice that the horizontal line of the bottom primitive doubles up as the final stroke for <i>pent in</i>.", "ks": "The Core CPU is just a small drop of silicone the size of a grain of rice that has more power pent in it than the very big machines of the past.", "v": [{"w": "奥", "rd": "おく", "mn": "inner part; interior; back (of a drawer, one's throat, etc.); depths (e.g. of a ", "fr": 800}, {"w": "奥さん", "rd": "おくさん", "mn": "wife; your wife; his wife; married lady; madam", "fr": 1921}, {"w": "奥様", "rd": "おくさま", "mn": "wife; your wife; his wife; married lady; madam", "fr": 5225}, {"w": "山奥", "rd": "やまおく", "mn": "deep in the mountains; mountain recesses", "fr": 10286}, {"w": "奥行き", "rd": "おくゆき", "mn": "depth; length", "fr": 24953}, {"w": "奥地", "rd": "おくち", "mn": "interior; backwoods; hinterland; back regions", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "奥山", "rd": "おくやま", "mn": "remote mountain; mountain recesses", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 184, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "診", "g": 8, "o": 1213, "f": 1019, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "み.る", "m": "checkup; seeing; diagnose; examine", "pm": "checkup", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "彡", "nj": "さんづくり", "ne": "hair-style"}], "hc": "check up; say; words; keitai; mouth; parasol; umbrella; shape", "hk": "checkup", "hs": "<i>Words</i> . . . <i>umbrella</i> . . . <i>shape</i>. The key word refers to a medical examination.", "ks": "The doctor at my checkup was expressing words of concern about my umbrella shaped gut.", "v": [{"w": "診る", "rd": "みる", "mn": "to examine (medically); to have a look at; to check (a patient's pulse)", "fr": 6299}, {"w": "診察", "rd": "しんさつ", "mn": "medical examination; checkup; consultation", "fr": 9665}, {"w": "診断", "rd": "しんだん", "mn": "diagnosis; medical examination", "fr": 10719}, {"w": "打診", "rd": "だしん", "mn": "percussion; tapping; examining by percussion", "fr": 18670}, {"w": "健康診断", "rd": "けんこうしんだん", "mn": "health checkup; (general) medical examination; physical examination", "fr": 21804}, {"w": "診療所", "rd": "しんりょうじょ", "mn": "clinic; medical office; infirmary", "fr": 22980}, {"w": "診療", "rd": "しんりょう", "mn": "diagnosis and treatment; medical care", "fr": 24973}, {"w": "健診", "rd": "けんしん", "mn": "health checkup; (general) medical examination; physical examination", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "受診", "rd": "じゅしん", "mn": "having a medical examination; seeing a doctor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "往診", "rd": "おうしん", "mn": "doctor's visit; house call", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "検診", "rd": "けんしん", "mn": "medical examination (for a specific condition or disease); health screening", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "詰", "g": 8, "o": 1214, "f": 1020, "j": null, "on": "キツ、キチ", "kun": "つ.める、つ.め、-づ.め、つ.まる、つ.む", "m": "packed; close; pressed; reprove; rebuke; blame", "pm": "packed", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "吉", "nj": "キチ", "ne": "good luck"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; aerosol; good luck; samurai; mouth", "hk": "packed", "hs": "A piece of writing that is pregnant with meaning and needs to be reread several times to be understood we refer to colloquially as \" <b>packed</b>. \" The character sees the <i>words</i> as sealed tightly inside an <i>aerosol can</i>.", "ks": "WORDS of GOOD LUCK are <b>PACKED</b> into fortune cookies.", "v": [{"w": "詰まり", "rd": "つまり", "mn": "that is to say; that is; in other words; I mean; that (this, it) means", "fr": 409}, {"w": "詰まる", "rd": "つまる", "mn": "to be packed (with); to be filled; to be full (e.g. of a schedule)", "fr": 2680}, {"w": "詰める", "rd": "つめる", "mn": "to stuff into; to jam; to cram; to pack; to fill; to plug; to stop up", "fr": 2737}, {"w": "詰め込む", "rd": "つめこむ", "mn": "to cram; to stuff; to jam; to squeeze; to pack; to crowd", "fr": 6026}, {"w": "詰まらせる", "rd": "つまらせる", "mn": "to clog; to block; to choke up; to jam; to obstruct", "fr": 11581}, {"w": "缶詰", "rd": "かんづめ", "mn": "canned food; tinned food", "fr": 15466}, {"w": "詰む", "rd": "つむ", "mn": "to become fine (of fabric)", "fr": 15757}, {"w": "詰問", "rd": "きつもん", "mn": "cross-examination; close questioning; demanding an explanation", "fr": 20522}, {"w": "煮詰める", "rd": "につめる", "mn": "to boil down; to concentrate (soup, milk, stock, etc.)", "fr": 23449}, {"w": "大詰め", "rd": "おおづめ", "mn": "final scene; the end; finale", "fr": 23828}, {"w": "瓶詰", "rd": "びんづめ", "mn": "bottling", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "詰らない", "rd": "つまらない", "mn": "dull; uninteresting; boring; tedious", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "字詰め", "rd": "じづめ", "mn": "number of characters per line, page, etc.", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "瓶詰め", "rd": "びんづめ", "mn": "bottling", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "行き詰まり", "rd": "いきづまり", "mn": "deadlock; stalemate; impasse; dead end", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "託", "g": 8, "o": 1215, "f": 1021, "j": null, "on": "タク", "kun": "かこつ.ける、かこ.つ、かこ.つける", "m": "consign; requesting; entrusting with; pretend; hint", "pm": "consign", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "乇", "nj": "タク", "ne": "to depend on"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; lock of hair", "hk": "consign", "hs": "Words . . . lock of hair.", "ks": "Through words and a lock of hair the voodoo priestess consign s you to a life of pain.", "v": [{"w": "託す", "rd": "たくす", "mn": "to entrust (someone) with; to leave (a matter) with someone; to place under some", "fr": 3288}, {"w": "結託", "rd": "けったく", "mn": "conspiracy; collusion", "fr": 17035}, {"w": "委託", "rd": "いたく", "mn": "entrusting (something to a person); consignment (of goods); putting in someone's", "fr": 24910}, {"w": "信託", "rd": "しんたく", "mn": "trust; entrusting; leaving in someone's trust", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "受託", "rd": "じゅたく", "mn": "being entrusted with; taking charge of", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "嘱託", "rd": "しょくたく", "mn": "commission; entrusting with (work)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "屈託", "rd": "くったく", "mn": "worry; care; concern", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "投資信託", "rd": "とうししんたく", "mn": "investment trust; mutual fund", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "託児所", "rd": "たくじしょ", "mn": "creche; day nursery; day-care center", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "託宣", "rd": "たくせん", "mn": "oracle; revelation; divine message", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "請託", "rd": "せいたく", "mn": "solicitation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "預託", "rd": "よたく", "mn": "depositing (of money, valuables, etc.); deposition", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "撮", "g": 8, "o": 1216, "f": 1023, "j": null, "on": "サツ", "kun": "と.る、つま.む、-ど.り", "m": "snapshot; take pictures", "pm": "snapshot", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "最", "nj": "サイ", "ne": "utmost"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; utmost; sun; day; take; ear; crotch", "hk": "snapshot", "hs": "<i>Finger</i> . . . <i>utmost</i>. This character <i>is</i> used for taking photographs. Note how, conveniently, the element for  \" <i>take</i> \" is included in it.", "ks": "Take the <i>utmost</i> care that you don't have your <i>finger</i> in the way when you take a <b>snapshot</b>.", "v": [{"w": "撮る", "rd": "とる", "mn": "to take (a photograph)", "fr": 1201}, {"w": "撮影", "rd": "さつえい", "mn": "photography (still or motion); photographing; filming; shooting; (video) recordi", "fr": 2804}, {"w": "写真撮影", "rd": "しゃしんさつえい", "mn": "photography; taking photographs", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "侵", "g": 8, "o": 1217, "f": 1025, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "おか.す", "m": "encroach; invade; raid; trespass; violate", "pm": "encroach", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "person; French maid; tickle; broom; crown; crotch", "hk": "encroach", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>broom</i> . . . <i>crown</i> . . . <i>crotch</i>. Gather the elements on the right into a composite image that can serve you in the next two frames.", "ks": "The <i>parson</i> <b>ENCROACH</b> ES on the <i>French maid</i> , driven wild by her little <i>broom</i> , dainty <i>tiara</i> and sinfully short skirt showing her knickers ( <i>crotch</i> )!", "v": [{"w": "侵入", "rd": "しんにゅう", "mn": "invasion; incursion; raid; aggression; intrusion; trespass; penetration; hacking", "fr": 2651}, {"w": "侵す", "rd": "おかす", "mn": "to invade; to raid; to violate (airspace, etc.); to intrude; to trespass", "fr": 9321}, {"w": "侵略", "rd": "しんりゃく", "mn": "invasion (e.g. of a country); raid; aggression", "fr": 10599}, {"w": "侵攻", "rd": "しんこう", "mn": "invasion", "fr": 12936}, {"w": "侵食", "rd": "しんしょく", "mn": "encroachment; invasion; erosion (e.g. of market share, rights)", "fr": 13809}, {"w": "侵害", "rd": "しんがい", "mn": "infringement; violation; invasion; encroachment; trespass", "fr": 16861}, {"w": "不可侵", "rd": "ふかしん", "mn": "inviolability; nonaggression; sacredness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "侵犯", "rd": "しんぱん", "mn": "violation (of foreign territory, rights, etc.); invasion; infringement", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "括", "g": 8, "o": 1218, "f": 1026, "j": null, "on": "カツ", "kun": "くく.る", "m": "fasten; tie up; arrest; constrict", "pm": "fasten", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "舌", "nj": "した", "ne": "tongue"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; tongue; thousand; mouth", "hk": "fasten", "hs": "Finger . . . tongue.", "ks": "A finger in front of your mouth means \" fasten your lips\" or \"hold your tongue \".", "v": [{"w": "括る", "rd": "くくる", "mn": "to tie up; to tie together; to bind; to bundle; to fasten", "fr": 10215}, {"w": "統括", "rd": "とうかつ", "mn": "unification; bringing together; generalization", "fr": 18181}, {"w": "一括", "rd": "いっかつ", "mn": "lumping together; summing up; bundle; lump; batch", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "括弧", "rd": "かっこ", "mn": "brackets; parentheses", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "包括", "rd": "ほうかつ", "mn": "inclusion; complete coverage; comprehensiveness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "総括", "rd": "そうかつ", "mn": "summarization; summary; generalization", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "掛", "g": 8, "o": 1219, "f": 1027, "j": null, "on": "カイ、ケイ", "kun": "か.ける、-か.ける、か.け、-か.け、-が.け、か.かる、-か.かる、-が.かる、か.かり、-が.かり、かかり、-がかり", "m": "hang; suspend; depend; arrive at; tax; pour", "pm": "hang", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "卦", "nj": "カ", "ne": "a divination sign"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; ivy; square jewel; soil; dirt; ground; magic wand; augury", "hk": "hang", "hs": "Fingers . . . ivy . . . magic wand.", "ks": "Think RPG. The wizard points his <i>finger</i> to the guard and the <i>ivy</i> he has just animated with his <i>magic wand</i> climbs down the wall to <b>hang</b> the poor guy, opening the way for the adventurers into the dungeon.", "v": [{"w": "掛ける", "rd": "かける", "mn": "to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to suspend (from);", "fr": 1427}, {"w": "仕掛ける", "rd": "しかける", "mn": "to start; to begin; to commence", "fr": 2019}, {"w": "掛かる", "rd": "かかる", "mn": "to take (a resource, e.g. time or money)", "fr": 3630}, {"w": "仕掛け", "rd": "しかけ", "mn": "device; contrivance; mechanism; gadget", "fr": 4767}, {"w": "腰掛ける", "rd": "こしかける", "mn": "to sit (down)", "fr": 7925}, {"w": "出掛ける", "rd": "でかける", "mn": "to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to start; to se", "fr": 10098}, {"w": "掛け", "rd": "かけ", "mn": "credit", "fr": 10594}, {"w": "手掛かり", "rd": "てがかり", "mn": "clue; lead; key; trail; scent; track", "fr": 11773}, {"w": "掛け声", "rd": "かけごえ", "mn": "shout (of encouragement, etc.); yell (used to time or encourage activity, e.g. \"", "fr": 11855}, {"w": "差し掛かる", "rd": "さしかかる", "mn": "to come near (to); to approach", "fr": 15385}, {"w": "取り掛かる", "rd": "とりかかる", "mn": "to begin (doing); to start; to set about; to get down to", "fr": 15464}, {"w": "話し掛ける", "rd": "はなしかける", "mn": "to address (someone); to accost a person; to talk (to someone)", "fr": 20906}, {"w": "引っ掛かる", "rd": "ひっかかる", "mn": "to be caught in; to be stuck in", "fr": 21988}, {"w": "心掛ける", "rd": "こころがける", "mn": "to keep in mind; to bear in mind; to try; to aim to do; to endeavor; to endeavou", "fr": 23603}, {"w": "大掛かり", "rd": "おおがかり", "mn": "large-scale", "fr": 23800}], "p": null}, {"k": "双", "g": 8, "o": 1220, "f": 1029, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "ふた、たぐい、ならぶ、ふたつ", "m": "pair; set; comparison; counter for pairs", "pm": "pair", "r": [{"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "crotch", "hk": "pair", "hs": "The <i>crotch</i> reduplicated gives us a <b>pair</b>.", "ks": "Crotch to crotch is how many pairs spend their private time together. . .", "v": [{"w": "双子", "rd": "ふたご", "mn": "twins; twin", "fr": 5743}, {"w": "双方", "rd": "そうほう", "mn": "both parties; both sides", "fr": 7043}, {"w": "双", "rd": "そう", "mn": "pair", "fr": 15179}, {"w": "双生児", "rd": "そうせいじ", "mn": "twins", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "双眼鏡", "rd": "そうがんきょう", "mn": "binoculars; field glasses", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "双葉", "rd": "ふたば", "mn": "seed leaves (of a dicot); cotyledons; bud; sprout", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "刺", "g": 8, "o": 1221, "f": 1031, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "さ.す、さ.さる、さ.し、さし、とげ", "m": "thorn; pierce; stab; prick; sting; calling card", "pm": "thorn", "r": [{"c": "朿", "nj": "シ", "ne": "thorn"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "tree; wood; belt; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "thorn", "hs": "<b>Thorns</b> grow on a bush here that has wrapped itself around a <i>tree</i> like a <i>belt</i> , cutting into the poor <i>tree</i> like little <i>sabers</i>.", "ks": "The BELT TREE has THORN S like SABERS.", "v": [{"w": "刺激", "rd": "しげき", "mn": "stimulus; stimulation; irritation (esp. of the body, e.g. skin, eyes)", "fr": 1957}, {"w": "刺さる", "rd": "ささる", "mn": "to stick into (of something with a sharp point); to prick; to pierce; to get stu", "fr": 2368}, {"w": "刺す", "rd": "さす", "mn": "to pierce; to stab; to prick; to stick; to thrust", "fr": 2445}, {"w": "突き刺す", "rd": "つきさす", "mn": "to stab; to stick; to pierce; to thrust", "fr": 7214}, {"w": "名刺", "rd": "めいし", "mn": "business card", "fr": 7798}, {"w": "刺身", "rd": "さしみ", "mn": "sashimi (raw sliced fish, shellfish or crustaceans)", "fr": 14842}, {"w": "刺繍", "rd": "ししゅう", "mn": "embroidery", "fr": 21393}, {"w": "刺", "rd": "とげ", "mn": "thorn; spine; prickle", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "刺し", "rd": "さし", "mn": "grain thief", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "刺し殺す", "rd": "さしころす", "mn": "to stab to death", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "風刺", "rd": "ふうし", "mn": "satire; irony; sarcasm", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 9, "rp": 30, "l": 4, "n": "刺さる 倒せる 制する"}}, {"k": "到", "g": 8, "o": 1222, "f": 1032, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "いた.る", "m": "arrival; proceed; reach; attain; result in", "pm": "arrival", "r": [{"c": "至", "nj": "いたる", "ne": "to arrive"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "climax; wall; one; ceiling; elbow; soil; dirt; ground; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "arrival", "hs": "Climax . . . saber.", "ks": "<Http://img168.imageshack.us/img168/7731/karatesd3.jpg> Just look at this image…", "v": [{"w": "到着", "rd": "とうちゃく", "mn": "arrival", "fr": 1628}, {"w": "到底", "rd": "とうてい", "mn": "(cannot) possibly; (not) by any means; (not) at all; utterly; absolutely", "fr": 4403}, {"w": "到達", "rd": "とうたつ", "mn": "reaching; attaining; arrival", "fr": 4545}, {"w": "殺到", "rd": "さっとう", "mn": "rush; flood; deluge", "fr": 9618}, {"w": "到来", "rd": "とうらい", "mn": "arrival; coming; advent", "fr": 13005}, {"w": "周到", "rd": "しゅうとう", "mn": "careful; thorough; meticulous; scrupulous", "fr": 14633}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 61, "rp": 35, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "駆", "g": 8, "o": 1223, "f": 1033, "j": null, "on": "ク", "kun": "か.ける、か.る", "m": "drive; run; gallop; advance; inspire; impel", "pm": "drive", "r": [{"c": "馬", "nj": "うま", "ne": "horse"}, {"c": "区", "nj": "ク", "ne": "ward"}], "hc": "team of horses; ward; box; sheaf", "hk": "drive", "hs": "Team of horses . . . ward.", "ks": "You have to be craaazzzzyy to <b>drive</b> a buggy led by a <i>team of horses</i> through a <i>ward</i> of Tokyo!", "v": [{"w": "駆けつける", "rd": "かけつける", "mn": "to run to; to come running; to rush (someplace); to hasten", "fr": 3547}, {"w": "駆ける", "rd": "かける", "mn": "to run; to dash; to race", "fr": 4697}, {"w": "駆使", "rd": "くし", "mn": "using freely; making full use of; having a good command of", "fr": 8339}, {"w": "駆け引き", "rd": "かけひき", "mn": "bargaining; haggling", "fr": 9910}, {"w": "駆け回る", "rd": "かけまわる", "mn": "to run around; to bustle about", "fr": 11050}, {"w": "駆け足", "rd": "かけあし", "mn": "running fast; double time", "fr": 14083}, {"w": "駆る", "rd": "かる", "mn": "to spur on; to urge forward; to impel", "fr": 15097}, {"w": "駆除", "rd": "くじょ", "mn": "extermination (of pests); eradication; stamping out (e.g. a social evil)", "fr": 15772}, {"w": "駆逐", "rd": "くちく", "mn": "expulsion; driving out; driving away; extermination", "fr": 16588}, {"w": "駆動", "rd": "くどう", "mn": "drive; driving (force)", "fr": 20948}, {"w": "駆けっこ", "rd": "かけっこ", "mn": "(foot) race; sprint", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "先駆", "rd": "せんく", "mn": "forerunner; precursor; pioneer; leader", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "先駆け", "rd": "さきがけ", "mn": "pioneer; leader; taking the initiative; forerunner; harbinger; herald", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "先駆ける", "rd": "さきがける", "mn": "to do (something) before (something or someone else); to be ahead of (others, th", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駆け込み", "rd": "かけこみ", "mn": "running in; rushing into", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "寝", "g": 8, "o": 1224, "f": 1034, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "ね.る、ね.かす、い.ぬ、みたまや、や.める", "m": "lie down; sleep; rest; bed; remain unsold", "pm": "lie down", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "丬", "nj": "", "ne": "half of tree trunk"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "house; turtle; French maid; tickle; broom; crown; crotch", "hk": "lie down", "hs": "Do not confuse this key word with either the element for <i>reclining</i> or the character for <i>prostrated</i> (Frame 1035). Its primitive elements are: <i>house</i> . . . <i>turtle</i> . . . <i>broom</i> . . . <i>crown</i> . . . <i>crotch</i>.", "ks": "After work, the <i>French maid</i> goes <i>home</i> and lies down with a <i>turtle</i>. Turtle? Well, he's sloooow and always hard… (thanks to Nukemarine and Wakela!).", "v": [{"w": "寝る", "rd": "ねる", "mn": "to sleep (lying down)", "fr": 316}, {"w": "寝かせる", "rd": "ねかせる", "mn": "to put to bed; to let sleep", "fr": 4659}, {"w": "寝ぼける", "rd": "ねぼける", "mn": "to be still half asleep; to be half awake; to be not yet quite awake", "fr": 5139}, {"w": "昼寝", "rd": "ひるね", "mn": "(afternoon) nap; sleeping during the day; siesta", "fr": 6010}, {"w": "寝坊", "rd": "ねぼう", "mn": "sleeping in late; oversleeping", "fr": 6516}, {"w": "寝室", "rd": "しんしつ", "mn": "bedroom", "fr": 6557}, {"w": "寝顔", "rd": "ねがお", "mn": "sleeping face", "fr": 6631}, {"w": "寝不足", "rd": "ねぶそく", "mn": "lack of sleep; insufficient sleep", "fr": 6701}, {"w": "寝言", "rd": "ねごと", "mn": "talking in one's sleep; somniloquy", "fr": 8129}, {"w": "寝息", "rd": "ねいき", "mn": "breathing of a sleeping person", "fr": 8277}, {"w": "寝床", "rd": "ねどこ", "mn": "bed; berth; crib; cot; bedroom", "fr": 9956}, {"w": "寝かす", "rd": "ねかす", "mn": "to put to bed; to let sleep", "fr": 10192}, {"w": "寝転ぶ", "rd": "ねころぶ", "mn": "to lie down; to throw oneself down", "fr": 13223}, {"w": "寝泊まり", "rd": "ねとまり", "mn": "staying the night; lodging (at)", "fr": 13643}, {"w": "就寝", "rd": "しゅうしん", "mn": "going to bed; retiring (for the night)", "fr": 15118}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 107, "rp": 21, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "透", "g": 8, "o": 1225, "f": 1035, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "す.く、す.かす、す.ける、とう.る、とう.す", "m": "transparent; permeate; filter; penetrate", "pm": "transparent", "r": [{"c": "秀", "nj": "シュウ", "ne": "excel"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "excel; wheat; cereal; fist; from; road", "hk": "transparent", "hs": "Excel . . . road-way.", "ks": "Because it is transparent , fiber optic cable excels as a roadway for the information superhighway.", "v": [{"w": "透明", "rd": "とうめい", "mn": "transparent; clear", "fr": 4807}, {"w": "透き通る", "rd": "すきとおる", "mn": "to be transparent; to be see-through; to be clear", "fr": 8607}, {"w": "浸透", "rd": "しんとう", "mn": "permeation (of thought, ideology, culture, etc.); infiltration (e.g. of ideas); ", "fr": 11453}, {"w": "不透明", "rd": "ふとうめい", "mn": "opaque; obscure; murky; turbid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "透析", "rd": "とうせき", "mn": "dialysis", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "透視", "rd": "とうし", "mn": "seeing through", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "津", "g": 8, "o": 1226, "f": 1036, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "つ", "m": "haven; port; harbor; ferry", "pm": "haven", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "聿", "nj": "ふでづくり", "ne": "writing brush"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; brush", "hk": "haven", "hs": "Seeing the tiny boats of poor mortals tossed about in a stormy sea like so many corks, the All-Merciful took its <i>brush</i> and drew little inlets of <i>water</i> where the hapless creatures might seek shelter. And so it is that we have <b>havens</b>.", "ks": "A brush laying in dirty water is a <b>haven</b> for bacteria.", "v": [{"w": "興味津々", "rd": "きょうみしんしん", "mn": "very interesting; of absorbing interest; having a keen interest (in); being imme", "fr": 8409}, {"w": "津波", "rd": "つなみ", "mn": "tsunami; tidal wave", "fr": 18918}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 24, "rp": 13, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "壁", "g": 8, "o": 1227, "f": 1037, "j": null, "on": "ヘキ", "kun": "かべ", "m": "wall; lining (stomach); fence", "pm": "wall", "r": [{"c": "辟", "nj": "ヘキ", "ne": "false"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "ketchup; flag; mouth; spicy; stand up; vase; ten; needle; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "wall", "hs": "Ketchup . . . ground.", "ks": "Did anyone else used to put <i>ketchup</i> packets on the <i>ground</i> and jump on them so they spattered on the <b>wall</b>?", "v": [{"w": "壁", "rd": "かべ", "mn": "wall; partition", "fr": 1073}, {"w": "外壁", "rd": "がいへき", "mn": "outer wall", "fr": 14347}, {"w": "障壁", "rd": "しょうへき", "mn": "enclosing wall; boundary fence", "fr": 16161}, {"w": "壁面", "rd": "へきめん", "mn": "surface of a wall", "fr": 18907}, {"w": "壁紙", "rd": "かべがみ", "mn": "wallpaper", "fr": 22972}, {"w": "壁画", "rd": "へきが", "mn": "fresco; mural; wall painting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "岸壁", "rd": "がんぺき", "mn": "quay; wharf; jetty", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "稲", "g": 8, "o": 1228, "f": 1038, "j": null, "on": "トウ、テ", "kun": "いね、いな-", "m": "rice plant", "pm": "rice plant", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "爫", "nj": "つめかんむり", "ne": "claw"}, {"c": "旧", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "old times"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; claw; vulture; old days; olden times; stick; sun; day", "hk": "rice plant", "hs": "Wheat . . . vulture . . . olden times.", "ks": "The <b>rice plant</b> is common in Japan because all the <i>wheat</i> was eaten by <i>vultures</i> in the <i>olden times</i>.", "v": [{"w": "稲妻", "rd": "いなずま", "mn": "lightning; flash of lightning; lightning bolt", "fr": 13324}, {"w": "稲", "rd": "いね", "mn": "rice plant (Oryza sativa)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "水稲", "rd": "すいとう", "mn": "wet-land rice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "稲作", "rd": "いなさく", "mn": "rice cultivation; rice crop", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "稲刈り", "rd": "いねかり", "mn": "rice reaping; rice harvesting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "稲田", "rd": "いなだ", "mn": "paddy field; rice field", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "稲穂", "rd": "いなほ", "mn": "ear (head) of rice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "稲荷", "rd": "いなり", "mn": "Inari (god of harvests, Uka-no-Mitama)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "裂", "g": 8, "o": 1229, "f": 1041, "j": null, "on": "レツ", "kun": "さ.く、さ.ける、-ぎ.れ", "m": "split; rend; tear", "pm": "split", "r": [{"c": "列", "nj": "レツ", "ne": "file"}, {"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}], "hc": "file; bones; one; ceiling; evening; sword; sabre; saber; cloth; clothes; clothing; garment", "hk": "split", "hs": "File . . . garment.", "ks": "My boner split a hole in my pants like a saber.", "v": [{"w": "引き裂く", "rd": "ひきさく", "mn": "to tear up; to tear off; to rip up; to tear to pieces", "fr": 5617}, {"w": "破裂", "rd": "はれつ", "mn": "bursting; rupture; explosion", "fr": 6746}, {"w": "裂ける", "rd": "さける", "mn": "to split; to tear; to burst; to be separated; to be divided", "fr": 8085}, {"w": "裂く", "rd": "さく", "mn": "to tear; to rip up", "fr": 8315}, {"w": "炸裂", "rd": "さくれつ", "mn": "violent explosion; bursting", "fr": 9421}, {"w": "亀裂", "rd": "きれつ", "mn": "crack; crevice; fissure; chap; rift", "fr": 9539}, {"w": "分裂", "rd": "ぶんれつ", "mn": "split; division; break up", "fr": 12871}, {"w": "裂け目", "rd": "さけめ", "mn": "tear; rip; rent; slit; crack; chasm; rift", "fr": 19095}, {"w": "決裂", "rd": "けつれつ", "mn": "breakdown (of talks, negotiations, etc.); breaking off; rupture", "fr": 20978}, {"w": "核分裂", "rd": "かくぶんれつ", "mn": "nuclear fission", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "敏", "g": 8, "o": 1230, "f": 1042, "j": null, "on": "ビン", "kun": "さとい", "m": "cleverness; agile; alert", "pm": "cleverness", "r": [{"c": "毎", "nj": "マイ", "ne": "every"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "every; reclining; lying down; mother; breasts; taskmaster", "hk": "cleverness", "hs": "Behind <i>every</i> successful <i>taskmaster</i> , the <b>cleverness</b> of a fox to outwit his charges.", "ks": "Every master(or taskmaster) must have some degree of <b>cleverness</b>.", "v": [{"w": "敏感", "rd": "びんかん", "mn": "sensitive; alert; aware; susceptible", "fr": 4088}, {"w": "過敏", "rd": "かびん", "mn": "nervousness; oversensitivity", "fr": 16755}, {"w": "鋭敏", "rd": "えいびん", "mn": "sharp (eyes, ears, etc.); keen; acute; sensitive", "fr": 20465}, {"w": "機敏", "rd": "きびん", "mn": "quick; prompt; alert; smart; clever; astute; shrewd; quick-witted", "fr": 20532}, {"w": "敏腕", "rd": "びんわん", "mn": "ability; capability; competence; skill", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "敏速", "rd": "びんそく", "mn": "quickness; agility; activity", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "是", "g": 8, "o": 1231, "f": 1045, "j": null, "on": "ゼ、シ", "kun": "これ、この、ここ", "m": "just so; this; right; justice", "pm": "just so", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "疋", "nj": "ひき", "ne": "bolt of cloth"}], "hc": "sun; day; mend", "hk": "just so", "hs": "In this kanji we are shown someone spending an entire <i>day</i> at <i>mending</i> one stocking, because they want the job done  \" <b>just so</b>. \" Be sure to make a clear image of a finicky old fusspot to make the abstract idea as concrete as possible.", "ks": "I spent all day mending to make things just so.", "v": [{"w": "是非", "rd": "ぜひ", "mn": "certainly; without fail", "fr": 3831}, {"w": "是非とも", "rd": "ぜひとも", "mn": "by all means; at all costs; absolutely", "fr": 12345}, {"w": "是正", "rd": "ぜせい", "mn": "correction; revision; redressing; rectifying", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "国是", "rd": "こくぜ", "mn": "national policy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "是認", "rd": "ぜにん", "mn": "approval; approbation; endorsement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "是非是非", "rd": "ぜひぜひ", "mn": "certainly; by all means", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "排", "g": 8, "o": 1232, "f": 1047, "j": null, "on": "ハイ", "kun": "", "m": "repudiate; exclude; expel; reject; line up; arrange", "pm": "repudiate", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "非", "nj": "あらず", "ne": "wrong"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; un-; jail cell; prison bars", "hk": "repudiate", "hs": "Fingers . . . jail cell.", "ks": "Once he had his fingers around the jail cell bars he repudiated all ties with his former gang!", "v": [{"w": "排除", "rd": "はいじょ", "mn": "exclusion; removal; elimination; clearing away; getting rid of", "fr": 3833}, {"w": "排出", "rd": "はいしゅつ", "mn": "discharge; evacuation; emission (e.g. of CO2); ejection; excretion", "fr": 17141}, {"w": "排水", "rd": "はいすい", "mn": "drainage; draining; pumping out (water); sewerage", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "排他", "rd": "はいた", "mn": "exclusion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "排他主義", "rd": "はいたしゅぎ", "mn": "exclusivism; exclusionism", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "排斥", "rd": "はいせき", "mn": "rejection; expulsion; boycott; ostracism", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "排日", "rd": "はいにち", "mn": "anti-Japanese", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "排気", "rd": "はいき", "mn": "exhaust; emission (of gas from an engine)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "排気ガス", "rd": "はいきガス", "mn": "exhaust fumes", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "裕", "g": 8, "o": 1233, "f": 1048, "j": null, "on": "ユウ", "kun": "", "m": "abundant; rich; fertile", "pm": "abundant", "r": [{"c": "衤", "nj": "ころもへん", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "谷", "nj": "たに", "ne": "valley"}], "hc": "cloak; valley; eight; umbrella; mouth", "hk": "abundant", "hs": "This character shows the typical <i>cloak</i> of <i>valley</i> folk, which, unlike the tailor-made, high-fashion overcoats of city folk, is loose-fitting and free- form. Hence the key word's meaning of <b>abundant</b>.", "ks": "Elven cloaks are abundant in the valley of Rivendell.", "v": [{"w": "余裕", "rd": "よゆう", "mn": "surplus; margin; leeway; room; space; time; allowance; flexibility; scope", "fr": 1046}, {"w": "裕福", "rd": "ゆうふく", "mn": "wealthy; rich; affluent; well-off", "fr": 11101}, {"w": "富裕", "rd": "ふゆう", "mn": "wealthy; rich; affluent", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "堅", "g": 8, "o": 1234, "f": 1049, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "かた.い、-がた.い", "m": "strict; hard; solid; tough; tight; reliable", "pm": "strict", "r": [{"c": "臣", "nj": "しん", "ne": "retainer"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "loincloth; retainer; slave; crotch; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "strict", "hs": "Slave . . . crotch . . . soil.", "ks": "Strict masters treat even intelligent (#852 賢) slaves like dirt, and they get no shells.", "v": [{"w": "堅い", "rd": "かたい", "mn": "hard; solid; tough", "fr": 5843}, {"w": "堅実", "rd": "けんじつ", "mn": "steady; sound; stable; safe (e.g. business); reliable; trustworthy; solid", "fr": 16721}, {"w": "中堅", "rd": "ちゅうけん", "mn": "nucleus; backbone; mainstay; key figure", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "堅固", "rd": "けんご", "mn": "solid; strong; firm", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "堅持", "rd": "けんじ", "mn": "adhering to (a view, policy, etc.); sticking to; holding fast to; steadfastly ma", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "堅調", "rd": "けんちょう", "mn": "firm (market); bullish", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "手堅い", "rd": "てがたい", "mn": "sound; sure; safe; secure; trustworthy; reliable; solid", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "盗", "g": 8, "o": 1235, "f": 1051, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "ぬす.む、ぬす.み", "m": "steal; rob; pilfer", "pm": "steal", "r": [{"c": "次", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "next"}, {"c": "皿", "nj": "さら", "ne": "plate"}], "hc": "next; ice; lack; yawn; dish", "hk": "steal", "hs": "Next . . . dish.", "ks": "The first thing to steal is the silverware, next , the dishes.", "v": [{"w": "盗む", "rd": "ぬすむ", "mn": "to steal", "fr": 2058}, {"w": "強盗", "rd": "ごうとう", "mn": "robber; mugger", "fr": 8680}, {"w": "盗賊", "rd": "とうぞく", "mn": "thief; robber; burglar; bandit", "fr": 12751}, {"w": "盗み", "rd": "ぬすみ", "mn": "stealing; theft", "fr": 13667}, {"w": "盗聴", "rd": "とうちょう", "mn": "interception (email); wiretap; bug", "fr": 16655}, {"w": "窃盗", "rd": "せっとう", "mn": "theft; stealing; larceny", "fr": 17146}, {"w": "盗難", "rd": "とうなん", "mn": "theft; robbery", "fr": 19911}, {"w": "盗作", "rd": "とうさく", "mn": "plagiarism; plagiarised work", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盗品", "rd": "とうひん", "mn": "stolen goods; stolen article; loot; spoils", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盗塁", "rd": "とうるい", "mn": "base stealing; steal; stolen base", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盗用", "rd": "とうよう", "mn": "embezzlement; fraudulent use; plagiarism; appropriation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 48, "rp": 46, "l": 9, "n": ""}}, {"k": "芝", "g": 8, "o": 1236, "f": 1052, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "しば", "m": "turf; lawn", "pm": "turf", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "之", "nj": "シ", "ne": "of"}], "hc": "flowers; of; Zorro; building blocks; zig-zag", "hk": "turf", "hs": "Flowers . . . building blocks.", "ks": "ZORRO tried to plant FLOWERS but found his lawn was made of astro-TURF.", "v": [{"w": "芝居", "rd": "しばい", "mn": "play; drama", "fr": 4053}, {"w": "芝生", "rd": "しばふ", "mn": "lawn; grass", "fr": 14742}, {"w": "芝", "rd": "しば", "mn": "lawn; sod; turf", "fr": 23384}, {"w": "紙芝居", "rd": "かみしばい", "mn": "kamishibai; storytelling with pictures", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "芝居小屋", "rd": "しばいごや", "mn": "playhouse; theatre; theater", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "芝草", "rd": "しばくさ", "mn": "lawn; sod; turf", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "綱", "g": 8, "o": 1237, "f": 1053, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "つな", "m": "hawser; class (genus); rope; cord; cable", "pm": "hawser", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "岡", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "mount"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; mount", "hk": "hawser", "hs": "Thread . . . Mount.", "ks": "<i>Spiderman</i> saves Japan from floating away by tying <i>Mt. Fuji</i> to mainland Asia using a <b>hawser</b> made of web.", "v": [{"w": "手綱", "rd": "たづな", "mn": "reins; bridle", "fr": 14591}, {"w": "綱", "rd": "つな", "mn": "rope; cord; line", "fr": 21031}, {"w": "綱渡り", "rd": "つなわたり", "mn": "tightrope walking; high-wire act; funambulism", "fr": 22111}, {"w": "横綱", "rd": "よこづな", "mn": "yokozuna (highest rank in sumo); grand champion", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "大綱", "rd": "たいこう", "mn": "fundamental principles; main lines", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "綱引き", "rd": "つなひき", "mn": "tug of war", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "綱紀", "rd": "こうき", "mn": "law and order; (official) discipline", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "綱領", "rd": "こうりょう", "mn": "general plan; main points; summary; platform (e.g. for a campaign); mission stat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "要綱", "rd": "ようこう", "mn": "main principle; gist; general plan; guidelines; outline", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "扱", "g": 8, "o": 1238, "f": 1057, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、キュウ", "kun": "あつか.い、あつか.う、あつか.る、こ.く", "m": "handle; entertain; thresh; strip", "pm": "handle", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "及", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "reach out"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; reach out", "hk": "handle", "hs": "Finger . . . outstretched hands.", "ks": "See [suck](../v4/689.html) (#689 吸): if it's too big to <b>handle</b> , just use your <i>fingers</i> instead…", "v": [{"w": "扱い", "rd": "あつかい", "mn": "treatment; service; dealing (with); handling; management", "fr": 1418}, {"w": "扱う", "rd": "あつかう", "mn": "to deal with (a person); to treat; to handle; to take care of; to entertain", "fr": 1550}, {"w": "取り扱う", "rd": "とりあつかう", "mn": "to handle; to operate (a machine, etc.); to use", "fr": 14790}, {"w": "取り扱い", "rd": "とりあつかい", "mn": "treatment; service; handling; management", "fr": 20617}, {"w": "取扱注意", "rd": "とりあつかいちゅうい", "mn": "handling warning", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "顧", "g": 8, "o": 1239, "f": 1058, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "かえり.みる", "m": "look back; review; examine oneself; turn around", "pm": "look back", "r": [{"c": "雇", "nj": "コ", "ne": "employ"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "employ; door; one; ceiling; flag; turkey; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "look back", "hs": "Employ . . . head.", "ks": "I was EMPLOYED to give HEAD…when I <b>look back</b> , maybe that was not a wise career move.", "v": [{"w": "顧問", "rd": "こもん", "mn": "adviser; advisor; consultant; counselor", "fr": 9828}, {"w": "顧みる", "rd": "かえりみる", "mn": "to look back on (the past); to reflect on; to reminisce about", "fr": 11748}, {"w": "顧客", "rd": "こきゃく", "mn": "customer; client; patron", "fr": 14930}, {"w": "回顧", "rd": "かいこ", "mn": "recollecting; reminiscing; looking back; retrospection; review", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "回顧録", "rd": "かいころく", "mn": "memoirs; reminiscences", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "訟", "g": 8, "o": 1240, "f": 1061, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "", "m": "sue; accuse", "pm": "sue", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "公", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "public"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; public; eight; elbows", "hk": "sue", "hs": "Words . . . public.", "ks": "Take care what <i>words</i> you say in <i>public</i> lest you be <b>sue</b> d.", "v": [{"w": "訴訟", "rd": "そしょう", "mn": "lawsuit; suit; (legal) action; litigation", "fr": 22400}, {"w": "行政訴訟", "rd": "ぎょうせいそしょう", "mn": "administrative litigation (action)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "戒", "g": 8, "o": 1241, "f": 1062, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "いまし.める", "m": "commandment", "pm": "commandment", "r": [{"c": "戈", "nj": "ほこ", "ne": "spear"}, {"c": "廾", "nj": "にじゅうあし", "ne": "folded hands"}], "hc": "two hands; fiesta", "hk": "commandment", "hs": "Two hands . . . fiesta.", "ks": "Two hands, fiesta…..when moses received the ten <b>commandment</b> s with two hands, he went back down the mountain and threw a fiesta with the jews, celebrating the arrival of the <b>commandment</b> s.", "v": [{"w": "警戒", "rd": "けいかい", "mn": "vigilance; caution; alertness; precaution; being on guard", "fr": 1989}, {"w": "戒める", "rd": "いましめる", "mn": "to warn against; to caution against", "fr": 17558}, {"w": "戒め", "rd": "いましめ", "mn": "caution; admonition; warning; lesson", "fr": 18504}, {"w": "厳戒", "rd": "げんかい", "mn": "strict guard", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "懲戒", "rd": "ちょうかい", "mn": "discipline; punishment; reprimand", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "戒厳令", "rd": "かいげんれい", "mn": "martial law", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "戒告", "rd": "かいこく", "mn": "admonition; warning; caution", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "戒律", "rd": "かいりつ", "mn": "(religious) precept; discipline; commandment; mitzvah", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "訓戒", "rd": "くんかい", "mn": "warning; admonition; lesson or a phrase that teaches you not to do something", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "祉", "g": 8, "o": 1242, "f": 1063, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "", "m": "welfare; happiness", "pm": "welfare", "r": [{"c": "礻", "nj": "しめすへん", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "止", "nj": "とめる", "ne": "to stop"}], "hc": "altar; stop; footprint", "hk": "welfare", "hs": "Altar . . . footprint.", "ks": "And in front of every <i>altar</i> , she <i>stopped</i> to pray for the <b>welfare</b> of the others.", "v": [{"w": "福祉", "rd": "ふくし", "mn": "welfare; well-being; social welfare; social security; social service", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "社会福祉", "rd": "しゃかいふくし", "mn": "social welfare", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "老人福祉", "rd": "ろうじんふくし", "mn": "welfare for the aged", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "誉", "g": 8, "o": 1243, "f": 1064, "j": null, "on": "ヨ", "kun": "ほま.れ、ほ.める", "m": "reputation; praise; honor; glory", "pm": "reputation", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}, {"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}], "hc": "owl; tool; say; words; keitai; mouth", "hk": "reputation", "hs": "Owl . . . tool . . . saying.", "ks": "This <i>owl</i> 's <b>reputation</b> skyrocketed after he created a <i>tool</i> in order to speak human <i>words</i>.", "v": [{"w": "名誉", "rd": "めいよ", "mn": "honor; honour; credit; glory; fame; distinction", "fr": 4063}, {"w": "栄誉", "rd": "えいよ", "mn": "honour; honor", "fr": 18354}, {"w": "誉れ", "rd": "ほまれ", "mn": "honour; honor; glory; renown", "fr": 24041}, {"w": "名誉職", "rd": "めいよしょく", "mn": "honorary position", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "歓", "g": 8, "o": 1244, "f": 1065, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "よろこ.ぶ", "m": "delight; joy", "pm": "delight", "r": [{"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}, {"c": "欠", "nj": "あくび", "ne": "to lack"}], "hc": "pegasus; horse; pantomime horse; noon; sign of the horse; turkey; lack; yawn", "hk": "delight", "hs": "Again I cannot resist sharing my own associations. If you've ever seen Disney's animated interpretation of classical music, \"Fantasia,\" you will recall what was done there with Beethoven's \"Pastoral Symphony\" (the 6th), and the <i>flying horses</i> that figured in it. The mares are bathing in the stream and the stallions begin to gather. As dusk sets in, the <i>flying horses</i> all start <i>yawning</i> and pair off for the night: a perfectly <b>delightful</b> portrait of <b>delight</b>.", "ks": "I would be delight ed if Japanese lacked the Pegasus kanji.", "v": [{"w": "歓迎", "rd": "かんげい", "mn": "welcome; (warm) reception", "fr": 3136}, {"w": "歓声", "rd": "かんせい", "mn": "cheer; shout of joy", "fr": 3906}, {"w": "大歓迎", "rd": "だいかんげい", "mn": "big welcome; welcoming greatly; being very welcome", "fr": 6001}, {"w": "歓喜", "rd": "かんき", "mn": "delight; great joy", "fr": 7794}, {"w": "歓談", "rd": "かんだん", "mn": "pleasant talk; chat", "fr": 22437}, {"w": "歓待", "rd": "かんたい", "mn": "warm welcome; friendly reception; hospitality; entertainment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "歓楽街", "rd": "かんらくがい", "mn": "entertainment district; amusement area; pleasure quarter; red-light district", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "勧", "g": 8, "o": 1245, "f": 1068, "j": null, "on": "カン、ケン", "kun": "すす.める", "m": "persuade; recommend; advise; encourage; offer", "pm": "persuade", "r": [{"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "pegasus; horse; pantomime horse; noon; sign of the horse; turkey; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "persuade", "hs": "Pegasus . . . power.", "ks": "Only the power ful can persuade Pegasus to let them ride her.", "v": [{"w": "勧める", "rd": "すすめる", "mn": "to recommend (someone to do); to advise; to encourage; to urge", "fr": 3411}, {"w": "勧誘", "rd": "かんゆう", "mn": "invitation; solicitation; canvassing; canvasing; inducement; persuasion; encoura", "fr": 8009}, {"w": "勧告", "rd": "かんこく", "mn": "advice; counsel; remonstrance; recommendation", "fr": 22416}, {"w": "勧め", "rd": "すすめ", "mn": "recommendation; advice; suggestion; encouragement", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "勧善懲悪", "rd": "かんぜんちょうあく", "mn": "rewarding good and punishing evil; poetic justice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "勧奨", "rd": "かんしょう", "mn": "encouragement; stimulation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "勧業", "rd": "かんぎょう", "mn": "(encouragement of) industry", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "勧進", "rd": "かんじん", "mn": "temple solicitation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "騒", "g": 8, "o": 1246, "f": 1069, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "さわ.ぐ、うれい、さわ.がしい", "m": "boisterous; make noise; clamor; disturb; excite", "pm": "boisterous", "r": [{"c": "馬", "nj": "うま", "ne": "horse"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}, {"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}], "hc": "team of horses; crotch; insect", "hk": "boisterous", "hs": "Team of horses . . . crotch . . . insect.", "ks": "My horse was boisterous because of nasty bugs in his crotch.", "v": [{"w": "騒ぐ", "rd": "さわぐ", "mn": "to make noise; to make racket; to be noisy", "fr": 1686}, {"w": "騒ぎ", "rd": "さわぎ", "mn": "uproar; disturbance", "fr": 1861}, {"w": "騒がしい", "rd": "さわがしい", "mn": "noisy; boisterous", "fr": 3438}, {"w": "大騒ぎ", "rd": "おおさわぎ", "mn": "clamour; clamor; uproar; tumult; furore; furor", "fr": 3598}, {"w": "物騒", "rd": "ぶっそう", "mn": "dangerous; unsettled; troubled; disturbed; insecure", "fr": 4100}, {"w": "騒動", "rd": "そうどう", "mn": "riot; rebellion; turmoil; strife", "fr": 5316}, {"w": "騒々しい", "rd": "そうぞうしい", "mn": "noisy; loud; boisterous; clamorous; raucous", "fr": 10030}, {"w": "騒音", "rd": "そうおん", "mn": "noise; din", "fr": 14291}, {"w": "騒然", "rd": "そうぜん", "mn": "noisy; confused; uproarious", "fr": 17053}, {"w": "騒乱", "rd": "そうらん", "mn": "disturbance; riot; mayhem", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "閥", "g": 8, "o": 1247, "f": 1072, "j": null, "on": "バツ", "kun": "", "m": "clique; lineage; pedigree; faction; clan", "pm": "clique", "r": [{"c": "門", "nj": "もんがまえ", "ne": "gate"}, {"c": "伐", "nj": "バツ", "ne": "fell"}], "hc": "gates; fell; person; fiesta", "hk": "clique", "hs": "Gates . . . fell.", "ks": "You set a guard at the gate to fell intruders not of your <b>clique</b>.", "v": [{"w": "派閥", "rd": "はばつ", "mn": "clique; faction", "fr": 14121}, {"w": "財閥", "rd": "ざいばつ", "mn": "zaibatsu; financial conglomerate; industrial group", "fr": 21952}, {"w": "閥", "rd": "ばつ", "mn": "clique; clan; faction", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "甲", "g": 8, "o": 1248, "f": 1073, "j": null, "on": "コウ、カン", "kun": "きのえ", "m": "armor; high (voice); A grade; first class; former; instep; carapace", "pm": "armor", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}], "hc": "armour; roots", "hk": "armor", "hs": "This kanji reverses the element for <i>sprout</i> , giving the image of roots being sent down into the earth by a seed planted in the <i>rice field</i>. From there you must invent a connection to the keyword, <b>armor</b>.", "ks": "Pictograph. Kendo visor with chin guard.", "v": [{"w": "甲斐", "rd": "かい", "mn": "result (that makes an act worthwhile); worth (in doing something); value; effect", "fr": 7956}, {"w": "甲高い", "rd": "かんだかい", "mn": "high-pitched; shrill", "fr": 9203}, {"w": "甲", "rd": "こう", "mn": "carapace; shell", "fr": 11028}, {"w": "装甲", "rd": "そうこう", "mn": "armoring; armouring; armor; armour", "fr": 14499}, {"w": "甲板", "rd": "かんぱん", "mn": "deck (of a ship)", "fr": 20362}, {"w": "甲子園", "rd": "こうしえん", "mn": "Koshien Stadium (baseball park in Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture)", "fr": 23340}, {"w": "甲乙", "rd": "こうおつ", "mn": "first and second; A and B", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "甲状腺", "rd": "こうじょうせん", "mn": "thyroid (gland)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "甲種", "rd": "こうしゅ", "mn": "A-grade; first-class", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "揺", "g": 8, "o": 1249, "f": 1079, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "ゆ.れる、ゆ.る、ゆ.らぐ、ゆ.るぐ、ゆ.する、ゆ.さぶる、ゆ.すぶる、うご.く", "m": "swing; shake; sway; rock; tremble; vibrate", "pm": "swing", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "䍃", "nj": "", "ne": "a vase"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; condor; claw; vulture; king; mountain", "hk": "swing", "hs": "Fingers . . . condor.", "ks": "I keep swing ing gleefuly on the talons of the soaring condor until he slices off my fingers and sends me plummeting.", "v": [{"w": "揺れる", "rd": "ゆれる", "mn": "to shake; to sway; to rock; to swing; to tremble; to jolt; to pitch; to roll; to", "fr": 1972}, {"w": "動揺", "rd": "どうよう", "mn": "shaking; trembling; pitching; rolling; oscillation", "fr": 2391}, {"w": "揺さぶる", "rd": "ゆさぶる", "mn": "to shake; to jolt; to rock; to swing; to sway", "fr": 5192}, {"w": "揺らぐ", "rd": "ゆらぐ", "mn": "to swing; to sway; to shake; to tremble", "fr": 5732}, {"w": "揺する", "rd": "ゆする", "mn": "to shake; to jolt; to rock (cradle); to swing", "fr": 8781}, {"w": "揺る", "rd": "ゆる", "mn": "to shake; to jolt; to rock (cradle); to swing", "fr": 9526}, {"w": "揺るがす", "rd": "ゆるがす", "mn": "to shake; to swing; to sway; to shock", "fr": 11526}, {"w": "揺るぐ", "rd": "ゆるぐ", "mn": "to shake; to waver; to tremble", "fr": 11990}, {"w": "揺らぎ", "rd": "ゆらぎ", "mn": "quiver; quaver; flutter", "fr": 17885}, {"w": "揺さぶり", "rd": "ゆさぶり", "mn": "shaking; jolting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "揺ら揺ら", "rd": "ゆらゆら", "mn": "swaying; swinging; rocking; shaking; wavering; flickering", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "免", "g": 8, "o": 1250, "f": 1080, "j": null, "on": "メン", "kun": "まぬか.れる、まぬが.れる", "m": "excuse; dismissal", "pm": "excuse", "r": [{"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}], "hc": "village stocks; rabbit; bound up; human legs", "hk": "excuse", "hs": "This character is used for <b>excusing</b> oneself for a failure of courtesy. The elements are: <i>bound up</i> . . . <i>sun</i> (oddly enough, laid on its side) . . . <i>human legs</i>.", "ks": "Obviously this is the rabbit from Alice, excusing himself and rushing away on his legs, as he has a binding day schedule. This is at the same time an image, with bound=ears, day=head and legs are just legs. The image is used in [rabbit](../v4/2093.html) (#2093 兎).", "v": [{"w": "免れる", "rd": "まぬがれる", "mn": "to escape (disaster, death, etc.); to be saved from; to be rescued from", "fr": 6112}, {"w": "免許", "rd": "めんきょ", "mn": "license; licence; permission; permit; certificate", "fr": 9543}, {"w": "御免", "rd": "ごめん", "mn": "I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me", "fr": 11199}, {"w": "免疫", "rd": "めんえき", "mn": "immunity; immunization; immunisation", "fr": 16109}, {"w": "免除", "rd": "めんじょ", "mn": "exemption; exoneration; discharge", "fr": 17666}, {"w": "免許証", "rd": "めんきょしょう", "mn": "licence; license; permit; certificate (of qualification)", "fr": 23722}, {"w": "免税", "rd": "めんぜい", "mn": "tax exemption; duty exemption", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "免状", "rd": "めんじょう", "mn": "licence; license; certificate; permit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "免職", "rd": "めんしょく", "mn": "dismissal; sacking; discharge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "免責", "rd": "めんせき", "mn": "exemption from responsibility", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "減免", "rd": "げんめん", "mn": "reduction and exemption (e.g. taxes); mitigation and remission (e.g. in criminal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "無免許", "rd": "むめんきょ", "mn": "unlicensed; without a license (licence)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "罷免", "rd": "ひめん", "mn": "dismissal (from a position); discharge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "赦免", "rd": "しゃめん", "mn": "pardon; remission; amnesty", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "運転免許", "rd": "うんてんめんきょ", "mn": "driver's license; driver's licence; driving licence", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "既", "g": 8, "o": 1251, "f": 1081, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "すで.に", "m": "previously; already; long ago", "pm": "previously", "r": [{"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}, {"c": "旡", "nj": "むにょう", "ne": "not"}], "hc": "silver; waitress", "hk": "previously", "hs": "<i>Silver</i> . . . <i>waitress</i>. Do not confuse this kanji's key word with <i>before</i> (Frame 263).", "ks": "Previously on The Silver Surfer. The Silver Surfer took the Silver Waitress back to his place. Now we get to see what happens next.", "v": [{"w": "既に", "rd": "すでに", "mn": "already", "fr": 2132}, {"w": "既存", "rd": "きそん", "mn": "existing", "fr": 16303}, {"w": "既成事実", "rd": "きせいじじつ", "mn": "established fact; fait accompli", "fr": 24643}, {"w": "既婚", "rd": "きこん", "mn": "married", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "既定", "rd": "きてい", "mn": "established; fixed; prearranged; predetermined", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "既往症", "rd": "きおうしょう", "mn": "illness that one had in the past; previous illness; medical history; anamnesis", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "既得権", "rd": "きとくけん", "mn": "vested rights", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "既成", "rd": "きせい", "mn": "established; existing; accomplished; accepted; completed", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "既製", "rd": "きせい", "mn": "ready-made; off the shelf", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "既製服", "rd": "きせいふく", "mn": "ready-made clothes; ready-to-wear clothes; off-the-rack clothes; off-the-peg clo", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "薦", "g": 8, "o": 1252, "f": 1082, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "すす.める", "m": "recommend; mat; advise; encourage; offer", "pm": "recommend", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "flowers; deer; cave; antlers; slingshot; catapult; tail feathers", "hk": "recommend", "hs": "<i>Flowers</i> . . . <i>deer</i> . . . <i>one</i> . . . <i>tail feathers</i>. Note the doubling up in these last two elements as in frame 2091.", "ks": "Picture an ad in which Uncle Jimbo (of \"South Park\" fame) <b>recommend</b> s the latest craze in deer hunting : a high tech <i>slingshot</i>! The ad begins with Bambi prancing around, smelling the <i>flowers</i>. Then, all of a sudden, Bambi is brutally murdered with the <i>slingshot</i> , put on the <i>cooking fire</i> , and the camera pans to Uncle Jimbo happily munching on crispy cooked Bambi! Note: the <i>slingshot</i> is strokes 11-12.", "v": [{"w": "推薦", "rd": "すいせん", "mn": "recommendation; referral; endorsement", "fr": 5954}, {"w": "薦める", "rd": "すすめる", "mn": "to recommend (someone to do); to advise; to encourage; to urge", "fr": 16080}, {"w": "他薦", "rd": "たせん", "mn": "recommendation (by others)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自薦", "rd": "じせん", "mn": "self-recommendation; self-nomination; putting oneself forward", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "隣", "g": 8, "o": 1253, "f": 1083, "j": null, "on": "リン", "kun": "とな.る、となり", "m": "neighboring", "pm": "neighboring", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "粦", "nj": "リン", "ne": "phosphorus"}], "hc": "neighbouring; pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; shoeshine; rice; sunglasses; dancing legs; ballerina; evening", "hk": "neighboring", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . rice . . . sunglasses.", "ks": "<i>America</i> thinks it is the <i>pinnacle</i> of the world, looking down on all <b>neighboring</b> countries through its mirrored, aviator <i>sunglasses</i>.", "v": [{"w": "隣", "rd": "となり", "mn": "next (to); adjoining; adjacent", "fr": 775}, {"w": "近隣", "rd": "きんりん", "mn": "neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity", "fr": 9982}, {"w": "隣人", "rd": "りんじん", "mn": "neighbour; neighbor; (people in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood", "fr": 15210}, {"w": "隣接", "rd": "りんせつ", "mn": "adjacency; contiguity; being adjoined", "fr": 17432}, {"w": "隣り合わせ", "rd": "となりあわせ", "mn": "adjoining each other; next to each other", "fr": 21775}, {"w": "隣国", "rd": "りんごく", "mn": "neighbouring country; neighboring country; adjacent country", "fr": 22756}, {"w": "善隣", "rd": "ぜんりん", "mn": "good neighbour; good neighbor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "隣り合う", "rd": "となりあう", "mn": "to adjoin each other; to sit side by side", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "隣室", "rd": "りんしつ", "mn": "next or adjoining room", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "隣家", "rd": "りんか", "mn": "neighbouring house; neighboring house", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "悩", "g": 8, "o": 1254, "f": 1084, "j": null, "on": "ノウ", "kun": "なや.む、なや.ます、なや.ましい、なやみ", "m": "trouble; worry; in pain; distress; illness", "pm": "trouble", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "凶", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "villain"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; owl; villain; sheaf; shovel", "hk": "trouble", "hs": "State of mind . . . owl . . . villain.", "ks": "Data's brain quickly allerts him to the state of trouble when he see's the brainy owl villain.", "v": [{"w": "悩む", "rd": "なやむ", "mn": "to be worried; to be troubled", "fr": 1101}, {"w": "悩み", "rd": "なやみ", "mn": "trouble; troubles; worry; distress; sorrows; anguish; agony; problem", "fr": 2318}, {"w": "苦悩", "rd": "くのう", "mn": "(mental) agony; anguish; suffering; distress", "fr": 8555}, {"w": "悩ます", "rd": "なやます", "mn": "to afflict; to torment; to harass; to molest", "fr": 11408}, {"w": "煩悩", "rd": "ぼんのう", "mn": "worldly desires; evil passions; appetites of the flesh", "fr": 15831}, {"w": "伸び悩む", "rd": "のびなやむ", "mn": "to be sluggish; to make little progress; to show little growth; to fail to impro", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "華", "g": 8, "o": 1255, "f": 1085, "j": null, "on": "カ、ケ", "kun": "はな", "m": "splendor; flower; petal; shine; luster; ostentatious; showy; gay; gorgeous", "pm": "splendor", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}], "hc": "flowers; silage; ten; needle", "hk": "splendor", "hs": "Flower . . . silage . . . needle.", "ks": "In all its splendor a delicate flower arose from the pile of silage on a single needle-think stem.", "v": [{"w": "豪華", "rd": "ごうか", "mn": "extravagant; lavish; opulent; luxurious; magnificent; splendid; fancy; gorgeous", "fr": 4166}, {"w": "華やか", "rd": "はなやか", "mn": "bright and beautiful; gorgeous; showy; brilliant; splendid; gay; colorful; flowe", "fr": 5558}, {"w": "華麗", "rd": "かれい", "mn": "splendid; magnificent; gorgeous", "fr": 7529}, {"w": "中華", "rd": "ちゅうか", "mn": "China", "fr": 11832}, {"w": "繁華街", "rd": "はんかがい", "mn": "business district; shopping district; bustling street; shopping centre; shopping", "fr": 13639}, {"w": "華々しい", "rd": "はなばなしい", "mn": "brilliant; splendid; glorious; magnificent; spectacular", "fr": 18314}, {"w": "華美", "rd": "かび", "mn": "splendor; splendour; gorgeousness; pomp; magnificence", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "中華人民共和国", "rd": "ちゅうかじんみんきょうわこく", "mn": "People's Republic of China", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "中華料理", "rd": "ちゅうかりょうり", "mn": "Chinese cooking; Chinese food", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "中華街", "rd": "ちゅうかがい", "mn": "Chinatown", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "華僑", "rd": "かきょう", "mn": "overseas Chinese", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "華道", "rd": "かどう", "mn": "flower arrangement; floral art; ikebana", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "御", "g": 8, "o": 1256, "f": 1087, "j": null, "on": "ギョ、ゴ", "kun": "おん-、お-、み-", "m": "honorable; manipulate; govern", "pm": "honorable", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "卸", "nj": "シャ", "ne": "wholesale"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; wholesale; horseshoe; pantomime horse; noon; sign of the horse; stop; footprint; stamp", "hk": "honorable", "hs": "Line . . . wholesale.", "ks": "In front of the COLUMNS of the Capitol, the HONORABLE congressmen can be bought WHOLESALE.", "v": [{"w": "制御", "rd": "せいぎょ", "mn": "control (of a machine, device, etc.)", "fr": 4414}, {"w": "御", "rd": "お", "mn": "honorific/polite/humble prefix", "fr": 4757}, {"w": "防御", "rd": "ぼうぎょ", "mn": "defense; defence; safeguard; protection", "fr": 4936}, {"w": "御免", "rd": "ごめん", "mn": "I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me", "fr": 11199}, {"w": "晩御飯", "rd": "ばんごはん", "mn": "dinner; evening meal", "fr": 23696}, {"w": "御社", "rd": "おんしゃ", "mn": "your company", "fr": 24489}, {"w": "御中", "rd": "おんちゅう", "mn": "... and Company; Messrs; for the attention of ...", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "で御座います", "rd": "でございます", "mn": "be; is", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "御所", "rd": "ごしょ", "mn": "imperial palace (esp. Kyoto Imperial Palace); imperial residence; residence of a", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "御殿", "rd": "ごてん", "mn": "palace; court", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "御用邸", "rd": "ごようてい", "mn": "imperial villa", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "御苑", "rd": "ぎょえん", "mn": "imperial garden", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "範", "g": 8, "o": 1257, "f": 1088, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "", "m": "pattern; example; model", "pm": "pattern", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "卩", "nj": "ふしづくり", "ne": "stamp"}], "hc": "bamboo; car; fingerprint", "hk": "pattern", "hs": "Bamboo . . . car . . . fingerprint.", "ks": "This <b>pattern</b> made of <i>bamboo</i> is for a new model of <i>car</i> designed to leave as small an ecological <i>fingerprint</i> as possible.", "v": [{"w": "範囲", "rd": "はんい", "mn": "extent; scope; sphere; range; span", "fr": 2532}, {"w": "広範囲", "rd": "こうはんい", "mn": "extensive; vast range; wide scope", "fr": 14072}, {"w": "模範", "rd": "もはん", "mn": "exemplar; model; example; pattern", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "規範", "rd": "きはん", "mn": "model; standard; pattern; norm; criterion; example", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "師範", "rd": "しはん", "mn": "instructor (esp. of martial or traditional arts); teacher; master; coach", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "広範", "rd": "こうはん", "mn": "wide; extensive; comprehensive; far-reaching; widespread", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "範", "rd": "はん", "mn": "example; model", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "隠", "g": 8, "o": 1258, "f": 1089, "j": null, "on": "イン、オン", "kun": "かく.す、かく.し、かく.れる、よ.る", "m": "conceal; hide; cover", "pm": "conceal", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "爫", "nj": "つめかんむり", "ne": "claw"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; hideaway; claw; vulture; broom; heart", "hk": "conceal", "hs": "<i>Pinnacle</i> . . . <i>vulture</i> . . . <i>broom</i> . . . <i>heart</i>. Compare the element sat the right to the kanji for <i>calm</i> (Frame 1230).", "ks": "Move the broom with a vulture perched on top , and you'll find the concealed entrance to the heart of The Pinnacle.", "v": [{"w": "隠す", "rd": "かくす", "mn": "to hide; to conceal", "fr": 504}, {"w": "隠れる", "rd": "かくれる", "mn": "to hide; to conceal oneself; to take cover", "fr": 982}, {"w": "見え隠れ", "rd": "みえかくれ", "mn": "appearing and disappearing; slipping in and out of view", "fr": 14087}, {"w": "隠居", "rd": "いんきょ", "mn": "retirement (from work); leading a quiet life (after retirement)", "fr": 15074}, {"w": "何を隠そう", "rd": "なにをかくそう", "mn": "to be frank with you; to tell you the truth; I'm going to lay my cards on the ta", "fr": 20828}, {"w": "隠し引き出し", "rd": "かくしひきだし", "mn": "secret drawer; hidden drawer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "隠匿", "rd": "いんとく", "mn": "concealment (esp. of wrongdoings or criminals); sheltering; harboring", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "隠滅", "rd": "いんめつ", "mn": "destruction (esp. of evidence); spoliation; suppression", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "隠語", "rd": "いんご", "mn": "secret language; jargon; cant; argot; slang", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "哲", "g": 8, "o": 1259, "f": 1093, "j": null, "on": "テツ", "kun": "さとい、あきらか", "m": "philosophy; clear", "pm": "philosophy", "r": [{"c": "折", "nj": "セツ", "ne": "fold"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "fold; finger; fingers; axe; mouth", "hk": "philosophy", "hs": "Fold . . . mouth.", "ks": "I fold my mouth, therefore I am.", "v": [{"w": "哲学", "rd": "てつがく", "mn": "philosophy", "fr": 15365}, {"w": "哲人", "rd": "てつじん", "mn": "wise man; philosopher; sage", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "杉", "g": 8, "o": 1260, "f": 1095, "j": null, "on": "サン", "kun": "すぎ", "m": "cedar; cryptomeria", "pm": "cedar", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "彡", "nj": "さんづくり", "ne": "hair-style"}], "hc": "tree; wood; shape", "hk": "cedar", "hs": "Tree . . . shape.", "ks": "Mystique leaning against a cedar tree for a photo shoot.", "v": [{"w": "杉", "rd": "すぎ", "mn": "Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica)", "fr": 23237}], "p": null}, {"k": "釈", "g": 8, "o": 1261, "f": 1097, "j": null, "on": "シャク、セキ", "kun": "とく、す.てる、ゆる.す", "m": "explanation", "pm": "explanation", "r": [{"c": "釆", "nj": "のごめ", "ne": "to separate"}, {"c": "尺", "nj": "シャク", "ne": "shaku"}], "hc": "animal tracks; drop; rice; shaku-hachi; flag; stick", "hk": "interpretation", "hs": "Animal tracks . . . shakuhachi.", "ks": "Mrs. Badger follows the <i>animal tracks</i> to the den where she finds her husband getting a <i>blowjob</i> from a fox. \"I have a good <b>explanation</b> for this. Really!\".", "v": [{"w": "解釈", "rd": "かいしゃく", "mn": "interpretation; explanation; reading; construction", "fr": 4263}, {"w": "会釈", "rd": "えしゃく", "mn": "slight bow (as a greeting or sign of gratitude); nod; salutation", "fr": 10046}, {"w": "釈放", "rd": "しゃくほう", "mn": "release; liberation; acquittal", "fr": 13815}, {"w": "釈明", "rd": "しゃくめい", "mn": "explanation; vindication", "fr": 20689}, {"w": "保釈", "rd": "ほしゃく", "mn": "bail; releasing on bail", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "注釈", "rd": "ちゅうしゃく", "mn": "notes; comment; remark; annotation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "釈迦", "rd": "しゃか", "mn": "Gautama Buddha; Shakyamuni; the historical Buddha", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "荒", "g": 8, "o": 1262, "f": 1099, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "あ.らす、あ.れる、あら.い、すさ.ぶ、すさ.む、あ.らし", "m": "laid waste; rough; rude; wild", "pm": "laid waste", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "亡", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "deceased"}, {"c": "川", "nj": "さんぼんがわ", "ne": "river"}], "hc": "wreath; flowers; deceased; perish; top hat; fishhook; stream; flood", "hk": "laid waste", "hs": "The <i>flowers</i> that <i>perish</i> in the <i>flood</i> are taken here as symbols of an area that has been <b>laid waste</b>.", "ks": "After Godzilla <b>laid waste</b> to the city, the survivors put some <i>flowers</i> on the bodies of the <i>deceased</i> and floated their bodies down the <i>stream</i>.", "v": [{"w": "荒れ", "rd": "あれ", "mn": "stormy weather; tempest; chaps (of skin)", "fr": 105}, {"w": "荒い", "rd": "あらい", "mn": "rough; wild; violent; rude; coarse; harsh; fierce; heavy (e.g. breathing)", "fr": 2663}, {"w": "荒れる", "rd": "あれる", "mn": "to become stormy; to become rough (of the sea)", "fr": 4197}, {"w": "荒らす", "rd": "あらす", "mn": "to lay waste; to devastate; to damage", "fr": 6492}, {"w": "荒々しい", "rd": "あらあらしい", "mn": "rough; wild; rude; harsh; gruff; violent", "fr": 9593}, {"w": "荒っぽい", "rd": "あらっぽい", "mn": "wild; violent; rough-mannered; rude", "fr": 13065}, {"w": "荒野", "rd": "あれの", "mn": "wasteland; wilderness; deserted land; prairie; vast plain; wilds; desert; wild l", "fr": 13288}, {"w": "荒らげる", "rd": "あららげる", "mn": "to roughen (e.g. one's attitude); to raise (one's voice)", "fr": 17294}, {"w": "荒波", "rd": "あらなみ", "mn": "raging waves; stormy seas", "fr": 21201}, {"w": "荒廃", "rd": "こうはい", "mn": "ruin; destruction; devastation; waste; decay", "fr": 23412}, {"w": "荒木", "rd": "あらき", "mn": "logs in bark; rough wood; unseasoned timber; new lumber", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "硬", "g": 8, "o": 1263, "f": 1101, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "かた.い", "m": "stiff; hard", "pm": "stiff", "r": [{"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}, {"c": "更", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "grow late"}], "hc": "stone; rock; grow late; Ameratasu; one; ceiling; sun; tucked under the arm", "hk": "stiff", "hs": "Rocks . . . grow late.", "ks": "A <b>stiff</b> drink on the <i>ROCK</i> s after it <i>GROWS LATE</i> is a way to unwind after a long day…", "v": [{"w": "硬い", "rd": "かたい", "mn": "hard; solid; tough", "fr": 2324}, {"w": "硬直", "rd": "こうちょく", "mn": "stiffening; rigidity; rigor; stiffness; ossification; petrification", "fr": 6912}, {"w": "硬さ", "rd": "かたさ", "mn": "firmness; hardness; stiffness; honesty", "fr": 11071}, {"w": "硬度", "rd": "こうど", "mn": "hardness; solidity", "fr": 18848}, {"w": "硬質", "rd": "こうしつ", "mn": "hardness; stiffness", "fr": 21143}, {"w": "硬貨", "rd": "こうか", "mn": "coin", "fr": 22292}, {"w": "強硬", "rd": "きょうこう", "mn": "firm; strong; unbending; unyielding; uncompromising; stubborn; tough; hard-line", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "動脈硬化", "rd": "どうみゃくこうか", "mn": "arteriosclerosis; hardening of the arteries", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "硬化", "rd": "こうか", "mn": "hardening; vulcanization; vulcanisation; sclerosis; curing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "硬式", "rd": "こうしき", "mn": "hard (esp. of hardball, tennis, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "硬派", "rd": "こうは", "mn": "hard-liners; diehards; hawks", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "肝硬変", "rd": "かんこうへん", "mn": "cirrhosis (of the liver)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "妥", "g": 8, "o": 1264, "f": 1102, "j": null, "on": "ダ", "kun": "", "m": "gentle; peace; satisfactory; appropriate", "pm": "gentle", "r": [{"c": "爫", "nj": "つめかんむり", "ne": "claw"}, {"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}], "hc": "claw; vulture; woman", "hk": "gentle", "hs": "Vulture . . . woman.", "ks": "An eagle must be extra gentle to pick up a dainty woman in its sharp claws.", "v": [{"w": "妥当", "rd": "だとう", "mn": "valid; proper; right; appropriate; reasonable", "fr": 7252}, {"w": "妥協", "rd": "だきょう", "mn": "compromise; giving in", "fr": 8250}, {"w": "妥結", "rd": "だけつ", "mn": "settlement; an agreement", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "威", "g": 8, "o": 1265, "f": 1103, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "おど.す、おど.し、おど.かす", "m": "intimidate; dignity; majesty; menace; threaten", "pm": "intimidate", "r": [{"c": "戍", "nj": "ジュ", "ne": "protection"}, {"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}], "hc": "march; women; woman", "hk": "intimidate", "hs": "Here we see a <i>march</i> of <i>women</i> demonstrating on behalf of equal rights, something extremely <b>intimidating</b> to the male chauvinist population.", "ks": "The <i>march</i> of <i>women</i> \\- against <i>intimidation</i> in the workplace - is pretty <i>intimidating</i> in itself!", "v": [{"w": "威力", "rd": "いりょく", "mn": "power; might; authority; influence", "fr": 4173}, {"w": "脅威", "rd": "きょうい", "mn": "threat; menace", "fr": 5046}, {"w": "威嚇", "rd": "いかく", "mn": "threat; intimidation; menace", "fr": 8165}, {"w": "威厳", "rd": "いげん", "mn": "dignity; majesty; solemnity; gravity", "fr": 8376}, {"w": "権威", "rd": "けんい", "mn": "authority; power; influence; prestige", "fr": 10252}, {"w": "威張る", "rd": "いばる", "mn": "to put on airs; to act big; to throw one's weight about; to be overbearing; to b", "fr": 13136}, {"w": "威勢", "rd": "いせい", "mn": "power; might; authority; influence", "fr": 18301}, {"w": "威信", "rd": "いしん", "mn": "prestige; dignity", "fr": 21885}, {"w": "猛威", "rd": "もうい", "mn": "fury; power; menace", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "球威", "rd": "きゅうい", "mn": "(pitcher's) stuff", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "豪", "g": 8, "o": 1266, "f": 1104, "j": null, "on": "ゴウ", "kun": "えら.い", "m": "overpowering; great; powerful; excelling; Australia", "pm": "overpowering", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "豕", "nj": "いのこ", "ne": "pig"}], "hc": "tall; top hat; mouth; crown; sow; pig", "hk": "overpowering", "hs": "Tall . . . crowned . . . sow.", "ks": "Ganon, the tall crowned pig , has been overpowering ther land of Hyrule for decades.", "v": [{"w": "豪華", "rd": "ごうか", "mn": "extravagant; lavish; opulent; luxurious; magnificent; splendid; fancy; gorgeous", "fr": 4166}, {"w": "豪快", "rd": "ごうかい", "mn": "hearty; tremendous; magnificent; glorious; splendid; heroic; stirring", "fr": 8139}, {"w": "豪", "rd": "ごう", "mn": "Australia", "fr": 20606}, {"w": "豪雨", "rd": "ごうう", "mn": "torrential rain; heavy rain; cloudburst; downpour", "fr": 22726}, {"w": "富豪", "rd": "ふごう", "mn": "wealthy person; millionaire", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "強豪", "rd": "きょうごう", "mn": "overwhelming strength; extremely strong person; powerhouse; very strong player; ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "豪傑", "rd": "ごうけつ", "mn": "hero; bold person; daring person; great person; extraordinary person", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "豪族", "rd": "ごうぞく", "mn": "powerful family; powerful clan", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "集中豪雨", "rd": "しゅうちゅうごうう", "mn": "local downpour; severe rain fall", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "滞", "g": 8, "o": 1267, "f": 1107, "j": null, "on": "タイ、テイ", "kun": "とどこお.る", "m": "stagnate; be delayed; overdue; arrears", "pm": "stagnate", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "帯", "nj": "タイ", "ne": "sash"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; sash; buckle; apron; crown; towel", "hk": "stagnate", "hs": "People that have been \" <i>sashed</i> \" to something (whether their mother's apron strings or a particular job) for too long become like <i>water</i> that has stopped moving: they start to <b>stagnate</b>.", "ks": "A moat is a stagnate ring of water like an obi (sash) of water tied around the castle.", "v": [{"w": "滞在", "rd": "たいざい", "mn": "stay; sojourn", "fr": 6877}, {"w": "停滞", "rd": "ていたい", "mn": "stagnation; tie-up; standstill; congestion; delay; accumulation; falling into ar", "fr": 14308}, {"w": "渋滞", "rd": "じゅうたい", "mn": "(traffic) congestion; traffic jam; gridlock", "fr": 16445}, {"w": "滞納", "rd": "たいのう", "mn": "falling behind (with a payment); being in arrears; non-payment; default; delinqu", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "延滞", "rd": "えんたい", "mn": "arrears; (being) overdue; delay (e.g. in payment); procrastination", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "沈滞", "rd": "ちんたい", "mn": "stagnation; inactivity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "滞在中", "rd": "たいざいちゅう", "mn": "during a stay", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遅滞", "rd": "ちたい", "mn": "delay; procrastination", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "微", "g": 8, "o": 1268, "f": 1108, "j": null, "on": "ビ", "kun": "かす.か", "m": "delicate; minuteness; insignificance", "pm": "delicate", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "兀", "nj": "コツ", "ne": "high & level"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "sherpa; Nelson; column; going; line; mountain; one; ceiling; human legs; taskmaster", "hk": "delicate", "hs": "Line . . . mountain . . . ceiling . . . human legs . . . taskmaster.", "ks": "We're going up the mountain announces the taskmaster. Anyone with legs too delicate must stay behind.", "v": [{"w": "微妙", "rd": "びみょう", "mn": "subtle; delicate; fine", "fr": 2305}, {"w": "微笑む", "rd": "ほほえむ", "mn": "to smile", "fr": 3680}, {"w": "微塵", "rd": "みじん", "mn": "particle; atom; little piece", "fr": 6914}, {"w": "微か", "rd": "かすか", "mn": "faint; dim; weak; slight; vague; indistinct; hazy", "fr": 7026}, {"w": "微笑", "rd": "びしょう", "mn": "smile", "fr": 8313}, {"w": "微細", "rd": "びさい", "mn": "minute; fine; detailed; subtle", "fr": 22673}, {"w": "微量", "rd": "びりょう", "mn": "minuscule amount; extremely small quantity", "fr": 24158}, {"w": "顕微鏡", "rd": "けんびきょう", "mn": "microscope", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "微動", "rd": "びどう", "mn": "slight movement; slight tremor; quiver", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "微小", "rd": "びしょう", "mn": "microscopic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "微熱", "rd": "びねつ", "mn": "slight fever", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "微生物", "rd": "びせいぶつ", "mn": "microbe; germ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "微震", "rd": "びしん", "mn": "slight earthquake", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "隆", "g": 8, "o": 1269, "f": 1109, "j": null, "on": "リュウ", "kun": "", "m": "hump; high; noble; prosperity", "pm": "hump", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "夂", "nj": "のまた", "ne": "to follow"}, {"c": "生", "nj": "うまれる", "ne": "birth"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; walking legs; life; This is Your Life; cell; drop; grow up", "hk": "hump", "hs": "This character, used for everything from little <b>humps</b> of hills to camel <b>humps</b> , easily suggests the hunch on the pig's back and hind parts where the best cuts of meat are to be found (and hence the English expression for luxury, \"living high off the hog.\") The elements we have to work with are: <i>pinnacle</i> . . . <i>walking legs</i> . . . <i>cell</i>.", "ks": "You are struggling to the top across the <b>hump</b> s, but you suddenly see the <i>pinnacle</i> and you feel new <i>life</i> in your <i>walking legs</i>.", "v": [{"w": "隆起", "rd": "りゅうき", "mn": "protuberance; bulge; protrusion; projection; swell", "fr": 20583}, {"w": "興隆", "rd": "こうりゅう", "mn": "rise; prosperity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "隆盛", "rd": "りゅうせい", "mn": "prosperity; flourishing; thriving", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "埋", "g": 8, "o": 1270, "f": 1110, "j": null, "on": "マイ", "kun": "う.める、う.まる、う.もれる、うず.める、うず.まる、い.ける", "m": "bury; be filled up; embedded", "pm": "bury", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "里", "nj": "さと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; computer", "hk": "bury", "hs": "When we speak of <b>burying</b> something (or someone, for that matter), we usually mean putting them under <i>ground</i>. Only here, we are <b>burying</b> our beloved <i>computer</i> that has served us so well these past years. Behind us a choir chants the  \"Dies irae, dies illa\" and there is much wailing and grief among the bystanders as they pass by to shovel a little <i>dirt</i> into what will be its final resting place. R.I.P.", "ks": "I used SOIL to BURY my COMPUTER.", "v": [{"w": "埋める", "rd": "うずめる", "mn": "to cover; to bury (e.g. one's face in hands); to submerge", "fr": 2069}, {"w": "埋まる", "rd": "うずまる", "mn": "to be buried; to be covered; to be surrounded", "fr": 3518}, {"w": "埋もれる", "rd": "うもれる", "mn": "to be buried; to be covered; to be hidden", "fr": 6455}, {"w": "埋葬", "rd": "まいそう", "mn": "burial", "fr": 18214}, {"w": "埋没", "rd": "まいぼつ", "mn": "being buried", "fr": 19158}, {"w": "穴埋め", "rd": "あなうめ", "mn": "filling (up) a hole", "fr": 24102}, {"w": "埋蔵", "rd": "まいぞう", "mn": "burying in the ground", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "埋め立て", "rd": "うめたて", "mn": "land reclamation; land fill", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "埋め立て地", "rd": "うめたてち", "mn": "reclaimed land", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "生き埋め", "rd": "いきうめ", "mn": "burying alive", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "症", "g": 8, "o": 1271, "f": 1111, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "", "m": "symptoms; illness", "pm": "symptoms", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "正", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "correct"}], "hc": "sickness; hospital; correct; one; ceiling; stop; footprint", "hk": "symptoms", "hs": "Sickness . . . correct.", "ks": "Once you have all the <b>symptoms</b> right, you have <i>correctly</i> identified the <i>sickness</i>.", "v": [{"w": "症状", "rd": "しょうじょう", "mn": "symptoms; condition (of a patient)", "fr": 5056}, {"w": "重症", "rd": "じゅうしょう", "mn": "serious illness", "fr": 12065}, {"w": "後遺症", "rd": "こういしょう", "mn": "prognostic symptoms; after-effect; sequela", "fr": 12718}, {"w": "発症", "rd": "はっしょう", "mn": "outbreak of an illness; onset of a condition; appearance of symptoms", "fr": 16037}, {"w": "症", "rd": "しょう", "mn": "illness; condition; -pathy", "fr": 19280}, {"w": "不眠症", "rd": "ふみんしょう", "mn": "sleeplessness; insomnia; wakefulness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "依存症", "rd": "いぞんしょう", "mn": "dependence (on alcohol, drugs, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "合併症", "rd": "がっぺいしょう", "mn": "complication", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "対症療法", "rd": "たいしょうりょうほう", "mn": "symptomatic therapy; allopathy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "恐怖症", "rd": "きょうふしょう", "mn": "phobia; morbid fear", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "感染症", "rd": "かんせんしょう", "mn": "infectious disease; infection", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "新型コロナウイルス感染症", "rd": "しんがたコロナウイルスかんせんしょう", "mn": "COVID-19; coronavirus disease 2019", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "既往症", "rd": "きおうしょう", "mn": "illness that one had in the past; previous illness; medical history; anamnesis", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "炎症", "rd": "えんしょう", "mn": "inflammation; irritation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "狭心症", "rd": "きょうしんしょう", "mn": "angina pectoris", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "暫", "g": 8, "o": 1272, "f": 1112, "j": null, "on": "ザン", "kun": "しばら.く", "m": "temporarily; a while; moment; long time", "pm": "temporarily", "r": [{"c": "斬", "nj": "ザン", "ne": "beheading"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "executioner; chop off; car; axe; sun; day", "hk": "temporarily", "hs": "Chop off . . . days.", "ks": "The top kanji is chop off (#2092 斬).", "v": [{"w": "暫く", "rd": "しばらく", "mn": "for a moment; for a minute", "fr": 17800}, {"w": "暫定", "rd": "ざんてい", "mn": "provisional; temporary; tentative; interim", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "肝", "g": 8, "o": 1273, "f": 1118, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "きも", "m": "liver; pluck; nerve; chutzpah", "pm": "liver", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "干", "nj": "かん", "ne": "to dry"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; dry; clothesline", "hk": "liver", "hs": "Part of the body . . . dry.", "ks": "Well you all know that the <b>liver</b> is the <i>part of the body</i> that would be quite grateful if you led a <i>dry</i> lifestyle (i.e. no alcohol).", "v": [{"w": "肝心", "rd": "かんじん", "mn": "essential; important; crucial; vital; main", "fr": 2403}, {"w": "肝", "rd": "きも", "mn": "liver; innards", "fr": 8698}, {"w": "肝臓", "rd": "かんぞう", "mn": "liver", "fr": 18118}, {"w": "肝炎", "rd": "かんえん", "mn": "hepatitis", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "肝硬変", "rd": "かんこうへん", "mn": "cirrhosis (of the liver)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "肝要", "rd": "かんよう", "mn": "extremely important; essential; vital; crucial", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "喚", "g": 8, "o": 1274, "f": 1120, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "わめ.く", "m": "yell; cry; call; scream; summon", "pm": "yell", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "奐", "nj": "カン", "ne": "clear"}], "hc": "mouth; bound up; four; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "yell", "hs": "The <i>mouth</i> on the left is obvious. The rest is harder. Try this: <i>four St. Bernard dogs bound up</i> in a bunch. Together they should supply a clear enough portrait of a <b>yell</b> , provided you are careful to see all <i>four</i> of them. Note how the final stroke of the <i>four</i> is supplied by the long horizontal stroke of the <i>St .Bernard</i>.", "ks": "Think yelp when you hear <b>yell</b> to help dinstinguish this from shout (1508). I think of the sounds that would come from the mouths of the 4 dogs if they were bound up together. I'm imagining lots of yelping.", "v": [{"w": "召喚", "rd": "しょうかん", "mn": "summons; subpoena; citation", "fr": 8457}, {"w": "喚く", "rd": "わめく", "mn": "to shout; to cry (out); to yell; to scream; to clamour", "fr": 14143}, {"w": "喚問", "rd": "かんもん", "mn": "summons", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "喚起", "rd": "かんき", "mn": "arousal; excitation; awakening; evocation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "妙", "g": 8, "o": 1275, "f": 1122, "j": null, "on": "ミョウ、ビョウ", "kun": "たえ", "m": "exquisite; strange; queer; mystery; miracle; excellent; delicate; charming", "pm": "exquisite", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "少", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "few"}], "hc": "woman; few", "hk": "exquisite", "hs": "The primitive for <i>woman</i> is on the left (there and at the bottom of another primitive is where you will always find her), and to the right the element for <i>few</i>. When we refer to a <i>woman</i> as <b>exquisite</b> , we mean to praise her as the sort of person we meet but <i>few</i> and far between. If you are interested in etymologies, it might help to recall that the Latin phrase lying at the root of the English word <b>exquisite</b> carries this same sense of  \"seeking out\" the rare from the ordinary.", "ks": "<b>Exquisite</b> <i>women</i> are <i>few</i> and far between.", "v": [{"w": "妙", "rd": "みょう", "mn": "strange; weird; odd; curious", "fr": 1025}, {"w": "微妙", "rd": "びみょう", "mn": "subtle; delicate; fine", "fr": 2305}, {"w": "奇妙", "rd": "きみょう", "mn": "strange; odd; peculiar; queer; curious", "fr": 3310}, {"w": "絶妙", "rd": "ぜつみょう", "mn": "exquisite; superb; perfect; miraculous", "fr": 5789}, {"w": "神妙", "rd": "しんみょう", "mn": "meek; quiet; docile; humble; faithful; obedient", "fr": 7545}, {"w": "巧妙", "rd": "こうみょう", "mn": "ingenious; skillful; clever; deft; sophisticated", "fr": 12335}, {"w": "妙案", "rd": "みょうあん", "mn": "ingenious idea; excellent plan; bright idea", "fr": 21521}, {"w": "妙手", "rd": "みょうしゅ", "mn": "spectacular move (chess, shogi, etc.); brilliant move", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "妙技", "rd": "みょうぎ", "mn": "exquisite skill; wonderful performance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "軽妙", "rd": "けいみょう", "mn": "light and easy; lambent; clever; witty; smart", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "袋", "g": 8, "o": 1276, "f": 1125, "j": null, "on": "タイ、ダイ", "kun": "ふくろ", "m": "sack; bag; pouch", "pm": "sack", "r": [{"c": "代", "nj": "ダイ", "ne": "substitute"}, {"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}], "hc": "substitute; person; arrow; garment", "hk": "sack", "hs": "Substitute . . . garment.", "ks": "A <b>sack</b> is an easy substitute for a garment.", "v": [{"w": "袋", "rd": "ふくろ", "mn": "bag; sack; pouch", "fr": 2705}, {"w": "手袋", "rd": "てぶくろ", "mn": "glove; mitten; mitt", "fr": 7509}, {"w": "紙袋", "rd": "かみぶくろ", "mn": "paper bag", "fr": 10220}, {"w": "胃袋", "rd": "いぶくろ", "mn": "stomach", "fr": 10832}, {"w": "お袋", "rd": "おふくろ", "mn": "(one's) mother", "fr": 16148}, {"w": "袋小路", "rd": "ふくろこうじ", "mn": "blind alley; cul-de-sac; dead end street", "fr": 23457}, {"w": "足袋", "rd": "たび", "mn": "tabi", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "索", "g": 8, "o": 1277, "f": 1127, "j": null, "on": "サク", "kun": "", "m": "cord; rope; searching; inquiring", "pm": "cord", "r": [{"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}], "hc": "bishop; cross; ten; needle; crown; thread; spiderman", "hk": "cord", "hs": "<i>Chapel</i> (see frame 930) . . . <i>thread</i>.", "ks": "Spiderman has been captured and given the ultimate torture: they forced a crown of needles on his head and attached it to an electrical <b>cord</b> , which they are about to plug into an outlet…", "v": [{"w": "捜索", "rd": "そうさく", "mn": "search (esp. for someone or something missing); manhunt", "fr": 4290}, {"w": "検索", "rd": "けんさく", "mn": "looking up (e.g. a word in a dictionary); search (e.g. on the Internet); retriev", "fr": 5235}, {"w": "探索", "rd": "たんさく", "mn": "search; lookup; hunt; (item of) research; exploration; investigation", "fr": 6409}, {"w": "模索", "rd": "もさく", "mn": "groping (for); fumbling around (for); searching (for an answer, solution, etc.);", "fr": 11870}, {"w": "索引", "rd": "さくいん", "mn": "index (in a book)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "思索", "rd": "しさく", "mn": "speculation; thinking; meditation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "検索条件", "rd": "けんさくじょうけん", "mn": "search criteria", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "襲", "g": 8, "o": 1278, "f": 1130, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "おそ.う、かさ.ね", "m": "attack; advance on; succeed to; pile; heap", "pm": "attack", "r": [{"c": "龍", "nj": "りゅう", "ne": "dragon"}, {"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}], "hc": "old dragon; vase; stand up; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; slingshot; catapult; snake; self; three; cloth; clothes; clothing; garment; dragon*", "hk": "attack", "hs": "<i>Vase</i> . . . <i>meat</i> . . . <i>slingshot</i> (doubled up with) <i>snake</i> . . . <i>three</i> . . . <i>garment</i>. The top half of this character is the old form for the kanji in frame 575.", "ks": "The top 16 strokes are the chinese radical for \"dragon\". Joining up both meanings of the radical we can name the top part of this kanji \"imperial dragon\". Two-headed snakes do exist as biological curiosities, and they look a bit like a <i>slingshot</i> (with the heads splitting at a junction). Our <i>imperial dragon</i> here, the pet of a Chinese emperor, is a rare \"three-headed slingshot- snake\" kept in a <i>vase</i> and fed with <i>meat</i>. When the emperor <b>attack</b> ed neighbours, his army wore the <i>imperial dragon garment</i>.", "v": [{"w": "襲う", "rd": "おそう", "mn": "to attack; to assail; to make an assault; to strike; to hunt down", "fr": 1037}, {"w": "襲撃", "rd": "しゅうげき", "mn": "(surprise) attack; assault; raid; charge", "fr": 4685}, {"w": "奇襲", "rd": "きしゅう", "mn": "surprise attack", "fr": 10033}, {"w": "逆襲", "rd": "ぎゃくしゅう", "mn": "counterattack", "fr": 18830}, {"w": "世襲", "rd": "せしゅう", "mn": "heredity; heritage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "来襲", "rd": "らいしゅう", "mn": "(incoming) attack; raid; invasion; assault", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "空襲", "rd": "くうしゅう", "mn": "air-raid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "襲名", "rd": "しゅうめい", "mn": "succession to another's professional name", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "吹", "g": 8, "o": 1279, "f": 1133, "j": null, "on": "スイ", "kun": "ふ.く", "m": "blow; breathe; puff; emit; smoke", "pm": "blow", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "欠", "nj": "あくび", "ne": "to lack"}], "hc": "mouth; lack; yawn", "hk": "blow", "hs": "To <b>blow</b> is really no more than a deliberate effort to make one's <i>mouth lack</i> all the air that is in it.", "ks": "This is clearly a <b>BLOW</b> JOB, we can see the MOUTH and the LACK OF condom. (I am sorry for the image, but it sticks forever in your mind).", "v": [{"w": "吹く", "rd": "ふく", "mn": "to blow (of the wind)", "fr": 2314}, {"w": "吹き込む", "rd": "ふきこむ", "mn": "to blow in (of wind, rain, etc.)", "fr": 5566}, {"w": "吹き飛ぶ", "rd": "ふきとぶ", "mn": "to be blown off; to blow off; to blow away", "fr": 5733}, {"w": "吹き出す", "rd": "ふきだす", "mn": "to spout out; to spurt out; to gush out; to jet out", "fr": 7816}, {"w": "吹雪", "rd": "ふぶき", "mn": "snow storm; blizzard", "fr": 15192}, {"w": "息吹", "rd": "いぶき", "mn": "breath", "fr": 19890}, {"w": "吹き出物", "rd": "ふきでもの", "mn": "(skin) eruption; rash; pimple; spot; acne; boil", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "吹き溜まり", "rd": "ふきだまり", "mn": "drift (of snow, leaves, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 3, "rp": 62, "l": 13, "n": "吹く 弾く"}}, {"k": "懇", "g": 8, "o": 1280, "f": 1135, "j": null, "on": "コン", "kun": "ねんご.ろ", "m": "sociable; kind; courteous; hospitable; cordial", "pm": "sociable", "r": [{"c": "豸", "nj": "むじなへん", "ne": "badger"}, {"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "skunk; silver; heart", "hk": "sociable", "hs": "Skunk . . . silver . . . heart.", "ks": "The skunk here is Pepe LePew of Looney Tunes fame. He's a very <b>sociable</b> skunk, as far as skunks go, but instead of having a \"heart of gold\" he has a heart of silver (since he always finishes second in the game of love).", "v": [{"w": "懇願", "rd": "こんがん", "mn": "pleading; entreaty; supplication; petition", "fr": 7174}, {"w": "懇意", "rd": "こんい", "mn": "friendship; (on) familiar terms; intimacy", "fr": 19535}, {"w": "懇切", "rd": "こんせつ", "mn": "kind and careful (instruction, explanation, etc.); considerate; helpful; thought", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "懇親", "rd": "こんしん", "mn": "friendship; intimacy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "懇話", "rd": "こんわ", "mn": "friendly talk; chat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "懇談", "rd": "こんだん", "mn": "friendly chat; relaxed conversation; informal meeting", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "柄", "g": 8, "o": 1281, "f": 1140, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ", "kun": "がら、え、つか", "m": "design; pattern; build; nature; character; handle; crank; grip; knob; shaft", "pm": "design", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "丙", "nj": "ヘイ", "ne": "third class"}], "hc": "tree; wood; third class; one; ceiling; inside; person; belt", "hk": "design", "hs": "Tree . . . third class.", "ks": "Half Way!!!!", "v": [{"w": "柄", "rd": "え", "mn": "handle; grip", "fr": 3724}, {"w": "手柄", "rd": "てがら", "mn": "achievement; feat; meritorious deed; distinguished service", "fr": 5166}, {"w": "小柄", "rd": "こがら", "mn": "small build; small stature; petite", "fr": 6263}, {"w": "間柄", "rd": "あいだがら", "mn": "relationship; relation; terms (good, friendly, etc.)", "fr": 8304}, {"w": "取り柄", "rd": "とりえ", "mn": "worth; merit; value; good point; strong point; redeeming feature; saving grace", "fr": 9017}, {"w": "人柄", "rd": "ひとがら", "mn": "personality; character; personal appearance; gentility", "fr": 9460}, {"w": "身柄", "rd": "みがら", "mn": "one's person", "fr": 9673}, {"w": "家柄", "rd": "いえがら", "mn": "social standing of a family; lineage; parentage; pedigree", "fr": 12142}, {"w": "事柄", "rd": "ことがら", "mn": "matter; thing; affair; circumstance", "fr": 12853}, {"w": "銘柄", "rd": "めいがら", "mn": "brand; make; description", "fr": 23215}, {"w": "横柄", "rd": "おうへい", "mn": "arrogant; haughty; insolent", "fr": 24773}, {"w": "作柄", "rd": "さくがら", "mn": "crop (conditions); harvest; yield", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "図柄", "rd": "ずがら", "mn": "design; pattern", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "国柄", "rd": "くにがら", "mn": "national character; regional character", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "土地柄", "rd": "とちがら", "mn": "nature of the locality; character of a place; local colour; local color", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "驚", "g": 8, "o": 1282, "f": 1141, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "おどろ.く、おどろ.かす", "m": "wonder; be surprised; frightened; amazed", "pm": "wonder", "r": [{"c": "敬", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "awe"}, {"c": "馬", "nj": "うま", "ne": "horse"}], "hc": "awe; flowers; phrase; bound up; mouth; taskmaster; team of horses", "hk": "wonder", "hs": "Awe . . . team of horses.", "ks": "You stand in AWE at the 8th <b>WONDER</b> of the world, a huge TROJAN HORSE.", "v": [{"w": "驚く", "rd": "おどろく", "mn": "to be surprised; to be taken aback; to be amazed; to be astonished; to be shocke", "fr": 557}, {"w": "驚き", "rd": "おどろき", "mn": "surprise; astonishment; wonder; amazement", "fr": 2638}, {"w": "驚かす", "rd": "おどろかす", "mn": "to surprise; to frighten; to create a stir", "fr": 4451}, {"w": "驚くほど", "rd": "おどろくほど", "mn": "to a surprising degree; to a remarkable extent; surprisingly; astonishingly; ama", "fr": 6327}, {"w": "驚愕", "rd": "きょうがく", "mn": "astonishment; amazement; surprise; fright; shock", "fr": 7191}, {"w": "驚異", "rd": "きょうい", "mn": "wonder; miracle; amazement; prodigy", "fr": 19997}, {"w": "驚嘆", "rd": "きょうたん", "mn": "wonder; admiration; being struck with admiration", "fr": 22066}], "p": null}, {"k": "麻", "g": 8, "o": 1283, "f": 1142, "j": null, "on": "マ、マア", "kun": "あさ", "m": "hemp; flax; numb", "pm": "hemp", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "林", "nj": "リン", "ne": "grove"}], "hc": "cave; grove; tree; wood", "hk": "hemp", "hs": "<i>Cave</i> . . . <i>grove</i>. If it helps, this is the <b>hemp</b> marijuana comes from.", "ks": "Where is the best place to hid your grove of hemp trees? In a cave, you dope!", "v": [{"w": "麻痺", "rd": "まひ", "mn": "paralysis; palsy; stupor", "fr": 7800}, {"w": "麻薬", "rd": "まやく", "mn": "narcotic; drug; dope", "fr": 12557}, {"w": "麻酔", "rd": "ますい", "mn": "anaesthesia; anesthesia", "fr": 15472}, {"w": "麻", "rd": "あさ", "mn": "cannabis (Cannabis sativa); hemp (plant)", "fr": 18695}, {"w": "大麻", "rd": "たいま", "mn": "hemp", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "胡麻", "rd": "ごま", "mn": "sesame seeds", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "麻布", "rd": "あさぬの", "mn": "hemp cloth; linen", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "麻雀", "rd": "マージャン", "mn": "mahjong; mah-jongg", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "封", "g": 8, "o": 1284, "f": 1143, "j": null, "on": "フウ、ホウ", "kun": "", "m": "seal; closing", "pm": "seal", "r": [{"c": "圭", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "square jewel"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "ivy; square jewel; soil; dirt; ground; glue", "hk": "seal", "hs": "Think of the key word <b>seal</b> as referring to a letter you have written and are preparing to close. Instead of using the traditional wax <b>seal</b> , you <i>glue</i> a sprig of <i>ivy</i> on the outside. In this way the elements <i>ivy</i> and <i>glue</i> give you a curious and memorable way to <b>seal</b> your secret letters.", "ks": "The king used a special <b>seal</b> of ivy leaves glued onto his document.", "v": [{"w": "封じる", "rd": "ふうじる", "mn": "to seal (e.g. a letter)", "fr": 4242}, {"w": "封筒", "rd": "ふうとう", "mn": "envelope", "fr": 7149}, {"w": "封鎖", "rd": "ふうさ", "mn": "blockade; lockdown; sealing off (an area)", "fr": 8757}, {"w": "封", "rd": "ふう", "mn": "seal", "fr": 11417}, {"w": "開封", "rd": "かいふう", "mn": "opening (a letter, parcel, etc.); breaking the seal", "fr": 17904}, {"w": "同封", "rd": "どうふう", "mn": "enclosing (e.g. with a letter)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "完封", "rd": "かんぷう", "mn": "total blockage; complete shutdown; stopping completely", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "封じ手", "rd": "ふうじて", "mn": "sealed move; next move written down and kept sealed in an envelope until the gam", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "封建主義", "rd": "ほうけんしゅぎ", "mn": "feudalism", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "封建的", "rd": "ほうけんてき", "mn": "feudal; feudalistic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "封書", "rd": "ふうしょ", "mn": "sealed letter", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "経済封鎖", "rd": "けいざいふうさ", "mn": "economic blockade; embargo", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "娘", "g": 8, "o": 1285, "f": 1145, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ", "kun": "むすめ、こ", "m": "daughter; girl", "pm": "daughter", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "良", "nj": "リョウ", "ne": "good"}], "hc": "woman; halo; drop; silver", "hk": "daughter", "hs": "Woman . . . halo.", "ks": "Your <b>daughter</b> is a good girl……well, let's hope so… :-).", "v": [{"w": "娘", "rd": "むすめ", "mn": "daughter", "fr": 544}, {"w": "一人娘", "rd": "ひとりむすめ", "mn": "only daughter", "fr": 12243}, {"w": "孫娘", "rd": "まごむすめ", "mn": "granddaughter", "fr": 18143}, {"w": "娘婿", "rd": "むすめむこ", "mn": "son-in-law", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 185, "rp": 10, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "剤", "g": 8, "o": 1286, "f": 1151, "j": null, "on": "ザイ、スイ、セイ", "kun": "かる、けず.る", "m": "dose; medicine; drug", "pm": "dose", "r": [{"c": "斉", "nj": "せい", "ne": "alike"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "adjust; adjusted; sentence; plaid; kilt; Billy Connolly; two; fenceposts; cabers; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "dose", "hs": "<i>Adjust</i> . . . <i>saber</i>. Think of this as a <b>dose</b> of medicine.", "ks": "When my medicine <b>dose</b> is way too large, I adjust it by cutting it into smaller pieces with my saber.", "v": [{"w": "洗剤", "rd": "せんざい", "mn": "detergent; cleanser; cleaning agent; washing material", "fr": 15115}, {"w": "合成洗剤", "rd": "ごうせいせんざい", "mn": "synthetic detergent", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "殺虫剤", "rd": "さっちゅうざい", "mn": "insecticide; pesticide", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "洗浄剤", "rd": "せんじょうざい", "mn": "detergent; cleanser; cleaning agent; washing material", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漂白剤", "rd": "ひょうはくざい", "mn": "bleaching agent; bleach", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "薬剤", "rd": "やくざい", "mn": "medicine; drug", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "薬剤師", "rd": "やくざいし", "mn": "pharmacist; chemist", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "覚醒剤", "rd": "かくせいざい", "mn": "stimulant (e.g. psychoactive drugs like methamphetamine, ritalin, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "調剤", "rd": "ちょうざい", "mn": "making up a prescription; dispensing a prescription; preparing a medicine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "錠剤", "rd": "じょうざい", "mn": "pill; lozenge; tablet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鎮痛剤", "rd": "ちんつうざい", "mn": "analgesic; painkiller; sedative; tranquilizer (tranquiliser); anodyne", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "瀬", "g": 8, "o": 1287, "f": 1152, "j": null, "on": "ライ", "kun": "せ", "m": "rapids; current; torrent; shallows; shoal", "pm": "rapids", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "頼", "nj": "ライ", "ne": "trust"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; trust; bundle; Chaplin; tree; wood; mouth; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "rapids", "hs": "Water . . . bundle . . . head.", "ks": "The water in the rapids can't be trusted.", "v": [{"w": "瀬戸際", "rd": "せとぎわ", "mn": "brink; verge; critical moment; crucial moment", "fr": 19702}, {"w": "瀬", "rd": "せ", "mn": "shallows; shoal", "fr": 22973}, {"w": "瀬戸物", "rd": "せともの", "mn": "earthenware; porcelain; china; pottery; crockery", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "早瀬", "rd": "はやせ", "mn": "swift current; rapids", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浅瀬", "rd": "あさせ", "mn": "shoal; shallows; sand bar; ford", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "瀬戸", "rd": "せと", "mn": "strait; channel", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "高瀬", "rd": "たかせ", "mn": "shallow river; shallows", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "趣", "g": 8, "o": 1288, "f": 1153, "j": null, "on": "シュ", "kun": "おもむき、おもむ.く", "m": "purport; gist; elegance; interest; proceed to; tend; become", "pm": "purport", "r": [{"c": "走", "nj": "はしる", "ne": "to run"}, {"c": "取", "nj": "シュ", "ne": "take"}], "hc": "run; soil; dirt; ground; mend; take; ear; crotch", "hk": "gist", "hs": "Run . . . take.", "ks": "The <b>gist</b> of it is this: We take the money and run!", "v": [{"w": "趣味", "rd": "しゅみ", "mn": "hobby; pastime", "fr": 1296}, {"w": "趣", "rd": "おもむき", "mn": "meaning; tenor; gist", "fr": 13583}, {"w": "趣向", "rd": "しゅこう", "mn": "plan; idea; design; plot", "fr": 14033}, {"w": "趣旨", "rd": "しゅし", "mn": "meaning; point (e.g. of a statement); gist; effect", "fr": 14773}], "p": null}, {"k": "陥", "g": 8, "o": 1289, "f": 1154, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "おちい.る、おとしい.れる", "m": "collapse; fall into; cave in; fall (castle); slide into", "pm": "collapse", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "旧", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "old times"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; straight-jacket; bound up; olden times; old days; stick; sun; day", "hk": "collapse", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . bound up . . . olden times.", "ks": "<i>The Pinnacle</i> is actually <i>bound up</i> by supports from <i>olden times</i>. Eventually, they give out, and the whole thing starts to <b>collapse</b>.", "v": [{"w": "陥る", "rd": "おちいる", "mn": "to fall into (e.g. a hole)", "fr": 3583}, {"w": "欠陥", "rd": "けっかん", "mn": "defect; fault; flaw; deformity; deficiency; shortage; gap", "fr": 14709}, {"w": "陥落", "rd": "かんらく", "mn": "subsidence; sinking; cave-in; collapse; falling in", "fr": 15703}, {"w": "陥没", "rd": "かんぼつ", "mn": "cave-in; collapse; sinking; depression (e.g. of the skull); subsidence", "fr": 23263}], "p": null}, {"k": "斎", "g": 8, "o": 1290, "f": 1155, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "とき、つつし.む、ものいみ、い.む、いわ.う、いつ.く", "m": "purification; Buddhist food; room; worship; avoid; alike", "pm": "purification", "r": [{"c": "斉", "nj": "せい", "ne": "alike"}, {"c": "示", "nj": "しめす", "ne": "altar"}], "hc": "sentence; plaid; kilt; Billy Connolly; fenceposts; cabers; altar; show; two; small", "hk": "purification", "hs": "<i>Plaid</i> . . . <i>fenceposts</i> . . . <i>altar</i>. This is a  \"religious\" <b>purification</b> , which distinguishes it from the simple kanji for <i>pure</i> (Frame 1659).", "ks": "A scottish priest in a <i>tartan</i> kilt has put his altar between a couple of <i>fence posts</i> and is now playing the bagpipes in a very Scottish <b>purification</b> rite.", "v": [{"w": "書斎", "rd": "しょさい", "mn": "study; library; den; home office; reading room", "fr": 13986}, {"w": "斎場", "rd": "さいじょう", "mn": "funeral hall", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "貫", "g": 8, "o": 1291, "f": 1156, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "つらぬ.く、ぬ.く、ぬき", "m": "pierce; 8 1/3lbs; penetrate; brace", "pm": "pierce", "r": [{"c": "毋", "nj": "なかれ", "ne": "not"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "mama; mother; breasts; oyster; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "pierce", "hs": "If one is asked to think of associations for the word <b>pierce</b> , among the first to come to mind is that of <b>piercing</b> one's ears to hold earrings, a quite primitive form of self-mutilation that has survived into the 21st century. The kanji here is read, top to bottom: <i>mama</i> . . . <i>oyster</i>. All you need to do is imagine <b>piercing</b> an ear so that it can hold a mother-of- pearl (actually, a <i>mama</i> -of-pearl) you have just wrested from an <i>oyster</i>.", "ks": "Ariel the Little Mermaid's <i>clamshell</i> bra was held to her <i>breasts</i> by <b>piercings</b>.", "v": [{"w": "貫く", "rd": "つらぬく", "mn": "to go through; to pierce; to penetrate", "fr": 2754}, {"w": "貫通", "rd": "かんつう", "mn": "passing through (of a tunnel, bullet, etc.); going (right) through; penetrating;", "fr": 10356}, {"w": "一貫", "rd": "いっかん", "mn": "consistency; coherence; integration", "fr": 14563}, {"w": "貫き通す", "rd": "つらぬきとおす", "mn": "to go through; to pierce; to penetrate", "fr": 18668}, {"w": "突貫", "rd": "とっかん", "mn": "charging (at the enemy) with a shout; rush", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貫", "rd": "かん", "mn": "kan (obs. unit of weight, approx. 3.75 kg, 8.3 lb)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貫徹", "rd": "かんてつ", "mn": "accomplishment; realization; attainment; fulfillment; achievement", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "仙", "g": 8, "o": 1292, "f": 1157, "j": null, "on": "セン、セント", "kun": "", "m": "hermit; wizard; cent", "pm": "hermit", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}], "hc": "person; mountain", "hk": "hermit", "hs": "Person . . . mountain.", "ks": "A <b>HERMIT</b> is a PERSON who lives in the MOUNTAINS.", "v": [{"w": "仙人", "rd": "せんにん", "mn": "immortal mountain wizard (in Taoism); mountain man (esp. a hermit)", "fr": 24455}, {"w": "仙台", "rd": "せんだい", "mn": "Sendai (city in Miyagi)", "fr": 24687}, {"w": "水仙", "rd": "すいせん", "mn": "daffodil (esp. Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis); narcissus", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "慰", "g": 8, "o": 1293, "f": 1158, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "なぐさ.める、なぐさ.む", "m": "consolation; amusement; seduce; cheer; make sport of; comfort; console", "pm": "consolation", "r": [{"c": "尉", "nj": "イ", "ne": "military officer"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "military officer; flag; altar; show; two; small; glue; heart", "hk": "consolation", "hs": "Military officer . . . heart.", "ks": "A <i>military officer</i> must offer <b>consolation</b> to the <i>hearts</i> of the families of his fallen men.", "v": [{"w": "慰める", "rd": "なぐさめる", "mn": "to comfort; to console; to amuse", "fr": 3030}, {"w": "慰問", "rd": "いもん", "mn": "visit to console someone; giving comfort (to the sick, injured, etc.); expressin", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慰安", "rd": "いあん", "mn": "solace; relaxation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慰謝", "rd": "いしゃ", "mn": "consolation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慰霊", "rd": "いれい", "mn": "consoling the spirits of the dead", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慰霊祭", "rd": "いれいさい", "mn": "memorial service", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "賢", "g": 8, "o": 1294, "f": 1159, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "かしこ.い", "m": "intelligent; wise; wisdom; cleverness", "pm": "intelligent", "r": [{"c": "臣", "nj": "しん", "ne": "retainer"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "loincloth; retainer; slave; crotch; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "intelligent", "hs": "Slave . . . crotch . . . shellfish.", "ks": "Every intelligent man is a slave to two things, his: 1) crotch , and 2) money.", "v": [{"w": "賢い", "rd": "かしこい", "mn": "wise; clever; smart", "fr": 3683}, {"w": "賢明", "rd": "けんめい", "mn": "wise; sensible; well-advised; intelligent; sagacious; prudent", "fr": 7885}, {"w": "悪賢い", "rd": "わるがしこい", "mn": "cunning; crafty; wily; sly", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "普賢", "rd": "ふげん", "mn": "Samantabhadra (bodhisattva); Universal Compassion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賢人", "rd": "けんじん", "mn": "wise person; virtuous person; sage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賢母", "rd": "けんぼ", "mn": "wise mother", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "旬", "g": 8, "o": 1295, "f": 1162, "j": null, "on": "ジュン、シュン", "kun": "", "m": "decameron; ten-day period; season (for specific products)", "pm": "decameron", "r": [{"c": "勹", "nj": "つつみがまえ", "ne": "to wrap"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "bound up; sun; day", "hk": "decameron", "hs": "There simply is not a good phrase in English for the block often days which this character represents. So we resurrect the classical phrase, <b>decameron</b> , whose connotations the tales of Boccaccio have done much to enrich. Actually, it refers to a journey of ten <i>days</i> taken by a band of people - that is, a group of people <i>bound together</i> for the <i>days</i> of the <b>decameron</b>.", "ks": "Hesig should be BOUND for a DAY (or maybe 10 days - a <b>decameron</b> ) for calling this Kanji <b>DECAMERON</b>. See [martyrdom](../v4/809.html) (#809 殉).", "v": [{"w": "旬", "rd": "しゅん", "mn": "season (for fruit, seafood, etc.); best time of the year (for)", "fr": 18743}, {"w": "上旬", "rd": "じょうじゅん", "mn": "first third of a month; first ten days of a month", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "下旬", "rd": "げじゅん", "mn": "last third of a month; 21st to the last day of a month", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "中旬", "rd": "ちゅうじゅん", "mn": "middle ten days of a month; 11th to 20th day of a month", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "初旬", "rd": "しょじゅん", "mn": "first 10 days of the month", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "腕", "g": 8, "o": 1296, "f": 1163, "j": null, "on": "ワン", "kun": "うで", "m": "arm; ability; talent", "pm": "arm", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "宛", "nj": "エン", "ne": "address"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; address; house; mailbox; evening; fingerprint", "hk": "arm", "hs": "Part of the body . . . address.", "ks": "Like in Memento, I tattoo my <i>address</i> on my fore <b>arm</b> <i>flesh</i> so I don't forget it.", "v": [{"w": "腕", "rd": "うで", "mn": "arm", "fr": 685}, {"w": "右腕", "rd": "みぎうで", "mn": "right arm", "fr": 5294}, {"w": "両腕", "rd": "りょううで", "mn": "both arms", "fr": 5610}, {"w": "腕前", "rd": "うでまえ", "mn": "ability; skill; facility", "fr": 7138}, {"w": "左腕", "rd": "ひだりうで", "mn": "left arm", "fr": 7830}, {"w": "腕力", "rd": "わんりょく", "mn": "strength in one's arms; physical strength; muscular strength", "fr": 10300}, {"w": "腕時計", "rd": "うでどけい", "mn": "wristwatch; watch", "fr": 11686}, {"w": "手腕", "rd": "しゅわん", "mn": "ability; capability; skill", "fr": 14170}, {"w": "敏腕", "rd": "びんわん", "mn": "ability; capability; competence; skill", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "腕白", "rd": "わんぱく", "mn": "naughty; mischievous; unruly", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "兼", "g": 8, "o": 1297, "f": 1164, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "か.ねる、-か.ねる", "m": "concurrently; and; beforehand; in advance", "pm": "concurrently", "r": [{"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}], "hc": "animal horns; rake; stick", "hk": "concurrently", "hs": "At the top we have <i>the animal horns</i> and the single horizontal stroke to give them something to hang onto. Below that, we see one <i>rake</i> with two handles. Finally, we see a pair of strokes splitting away from each of the handles, indicating that they are both splitting under the pressure. The composite picture is of someone holding down two jobs <b>concurrently</b> , using the same kit of tools to move in two different directions and ending up in a mess. Take the time to find this sense in the kanji and it will be easy to remember, despite initial appearances.", "ks": "Special rake , used to hold a bull by both horns concurrently. Two handles have V-like ends to set your arms against.", "v": [{"w": "兼ねる", "rd": "かねる", "mn": "to be unable to; to find difficult (unpleasant, awkward, painful) to do", "fr": 6074}, {"w": "兼", "rd": "けん", "mn": "and (concurrently; e.g. chauffeur and secretary); in addition to; at the same ti", "fr": 6303}, {"w": "兼ねて", "rd": "かねて", "mn": "previously; already; for some time; for quite a while", "fr": 10097}, {"w": "気兼ね", "rd": "きがね", "mn": "constraint; reserve; feeling hesitant; being afraid of troubling someone", "fr": 10859}, {"w": "兼ね備える", "rd": "かねそなえる", "mn": "to have both; to possess both; to combine with", "fr": 14131}, {"w": "兼業", "rd": "けんぎょう", "mn": "pursuing as a side business; doing in addition to one's main work; running (busi", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "兼ね合い", "rd": "かねあい", "mn": "equilibrium; good balance; poise", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "兼任", "rd": "けんにん", "mn": "serving concurrently as; holding the additional post of", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "兼務", "rd": "けんむ", "mn": "serving concurrently as; concurrently holding the position of; holding the addit", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "旨", "g": 8, "o": 1298, "f": 1166, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "むね、うま.い", "m": "delicious; relish; show a liking for; purport; will; clever; expert", "pm": "delicious", "r": [{"c": "匕", "nj": "さじ", "ne": "spoon"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "spoon; sitting on the ground; sun; day", "hk": "delicious", "hs": "Something is so downright <b>delicious</b> that one spends the entire <i>day</i> with a <i>spoon</i> in hand gobbling it up.", "ks": "Use a <i>spoon</i> to eat a <b>DELICIOUS</b> hot fudge <i>sun</i> dae. Duh..", "v": [{"w": "旨", "rd": "むね", "mn": "principle; aim; main purpose; central part; pillar", "fr": 11850}, {"w": "趣旨", "rd": "しゅし", "mn": "meaning; point (e.g. of a statement); gist; effect", "fr": 14773}, {"w": "旨い", "rd": "うまい", "mn": "skillful; skilful; skilled; good; expert; clever (expression, trick, etc.); apt;", "fr": 15105}, {"w": "要旨", "rd": "ようし", "mn": "(main) point; gist; key points; essentials; substance; summary; outline; abstrac", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "本旨", "rd": "ほんし", "mn": "main object; principal object; true aim", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "論旨", "rd": "ろんし", "mn": "point of an argument; drift of an argument", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "即", "g": 8, "o": 1299, "f": 1167, "j": null, "on": "ソク", "kun": "つ.く、つ.ける、すなわ.ち", "m": "instant; namely; as is; conform; agree; adapt", "pm": "instant", "r": [{"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}, {"c": "卩", "nj": "ふしづくり", "ne": "stamp"}], "hc": "silver; stamp", "hk": "instant", "hs": "Silver . . . stamp.", "ks": "For instant postal delivery, buy a silver stamp!", "v": [{"w": "即座に", "rd": "そくざに", "mn": "immediately; right away; on the spot", "fr": 5872}, {"w": "即死", "rd": "そくし", "mn": "instant death", "fr": 9419}, {"w": "即刻", "rd": "そっこく", "mn": "immediately; at once; instantly", "fr": 11006}, {"w": "即座", "rd": "そくざ", "mn": "immediate; right there on the spot; impromptu; instant; instantaneous", "fr": 12000}, {"w": "即席", "rd": "そくせき", "mn": "impromptu; improvised; extempore; ad-lib; off-the-cuff", "fr": 15557}, {"w": "即ち", "rd": "すなわち", "mn": "that is (to say); namely; i.e.", "fr": 17950}, {"w": "即興", "rd": "そっきょう", "mn": "improvisation", "fr": 21668}, {"w": "即時", "rd": "そくじ", "mn": "prompt; immediate; in real time", "fr": 22761}, {"w": "即する", "rd": "そくする", "mn": "to conform to; to agree with; to be adapted to; to be based on", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "即位", "rd": "そくい", "mn": "accession to the throne; enthronement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "即効", "rd": "そっこう", "mn": "immediate effect; instant effect", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "即売", "rd": "そくばい", "mn": "selling on the spot", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "即戦力", "rd": "そくせんりょく", "mn": "ready fire-power; battle-ready forces; immediate asset (to a team or firm); some", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "即日", "rd": "そくじつ", "mn": "(on) the same day", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "柳", "g": 8, "o": 1300, "f": 1169, "j": null, "on": "リュウ", "kun": "やなぎ", "m": "willow", "pm": "willow", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "卯", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "sign of the hare or rabbit"}], "hc": "tree; wood; blown eggs; sign of the hare; receipt; stamp", "hk": "willow", "hs": "Tree . . . receipt . . . stamp.", "ks": "Having decided to use SIGN OF THE HARE rather than RECEIPT and STAMP my mnemonic goes as follows: The <b>WILLOW</b> is the TREE that droops likes a HARE's ears.", "v": [{"w": "柳", "rd": "やなぎ", "mn": "willow (any tree of genus Salix)", "fr": 20202}, {"w": "川柳", "rd": "せんりゅう", "mn": "senryū; comic haiku", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "花柳", "rd": "かりゅう", "mn": "red-light district", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "青柳", "rd": "あおやぎ", "mn": "green willow (i.e. one that has budded)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "偽", "g": 8, "o": 1301, "f": 1171, "j": null, "on": "ギ、カ", "kun": "いつわ.る、にせ、いつわ.り", "m": "falsehood; lie; deceive; pretend; counterfeit; forgery", "pm": "falsehood", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "為", "nj": "イ", "ne": "do"}], "hc": "person; do; so; strange building; tail feathers", "hk": "falsehood", "hs": "Person . . . do.", "ks": "Mr. T doesn’t \"DO\" <b>FALSEHOOD</b>. It goes against everything he stands for. “I pity da foos who revel in <b>FALSEHOOD</b> s!”.", "v": [{"w": "偽物", "rd": "にせもの", "mn": "spurious article; forgery; counterfeit; imitation; sham", "fr": 4904}, {"w": "偽", "rd": "にせ", "mn": "imitation; fake; phony; counterfeit; forged; bogus; sham", "fr": 7171}, {"w": "偽る", "rd": "いつわる", "mn": "to lie; to pretend; to feign; to falsify", "fr": 7349}, {"w": "偽装", "rd": "ぎそう", "mn": "camouflage; disguise", "fr": 8616}, {"w": "真偽", "rd": "しんぎ", "mn": "truth or falsehood; genuineness; authenticity; veracity", "fr": 14999}, {"w": "偽造", "rd": "ぎぞう", "mn": "forgery; counterfeiting; fabrication; falsification", "fr": 16040}, {"w": "虚偽", "rd": "きょぎ", "mn": "falsehood; untruth; lie; misinformation", "fr": 20645}, {"w": "偽証", "rd": "ぎしょう", "mn": "false evidence; perjury; false testimony", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "較", "g": 8, "o": 1302, "f": 1172, "j": null, "on": "カク、コウ", "kun": "くら.べる", "m": "contrast; compare", "pm": "contrast", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "交", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "mingle"}], "hc": "car; mingle; top hat; father", "hk": "contrast", "hs": "Cars . . . mingle.", "ks": "Our world of today, cars mingling on busy streets, is in stark contrast to the one of yesteryear, where it was people who would mingle on the streets.", "v": [{"w": "比較的", "rd": "ひかくてき", "mn": "comparatively; relatively", "fr": 5961}, {"w": "比較", "rd": "ひかく", "mn": "comparison", "fr": 6051}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "覇", "g": 8, "o": 1303, "f": 1173, "j": null, "on": "ハ、ハク", "kun": "はたがしら", "m": "hegemony; supremacy; leadership; champion", "pm": "hegemony", "r": [{"c": "覀", "nj": "にし", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "䩗", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "old west; leather; flowers; car; mouth; ten; needle; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "hegemony", "hs": "Old West . . . leather . . . moon.", "ks": "In the <i>Old West</i> , cowboys had <b>hegemony</b> OVER the Indians despite their <i>leather</i> craft and ability to navigate by the <i>moon</i>.", "v": [{"w": "覇気", "rd": "はき", "mn": "spirit; drive; vigour; vigor", "fr": 13814}, {"w": "制覇", "rd": "せいは", "mn": "conquest; domination; supremacy; mastery", "fr": 13871}, {"w": "覇者", "rd": "はしゃ", "mn": "supreme ruler; conqueror", "fr": 24091}, {"w": "覇権", "rd": "はけん", "mn": "hegemony", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "連覇", "rd": "れんぱ", "mn": "successive championships", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "床", "g": 8, "o": 1304, "f": 1175, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "とこ、ゆか", "m": "bed; counter for beds; floor; padding; tatami", "pm": "bed", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "cave; tree; wood", "hk": "bed", "hs": "Cave . . . tree.", "ks": "When you take a girl to bed , your tree goes in her cave.", "v": [{"w": "床", "rd": "とこ", "mn": "bed; bedding", "fr": 1826}, {"w": "寝床", "rd": "ねどこ", "mn": "bed; berth; crib; cot; bedroom", "fr": 9956}, {"w": "起床", "rd": "きしょう", "mn": "rising (from one's bed); getting up; getting out of bed", "fr": 16780}, {"w": "床の間", "rd": "とこのま", "mn": "tokonoma", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "床屋", "rd": "とこや", "mn": "barbershop; barber shop; barber", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "床下", "rd": "ゆかした", "mn": "under the floor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "温床", "rd": "おんしょう", "mn": "hotbed; breeding ground", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "病床", "rd": "びょうしょう", "mn": "sickbed; (hospital) bed", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "臨床", "rd": "りんしょう", "mn": "clinical (e.g. pathology, training, trial)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "苗床", "rd": "なえどこ", "mn": "seedbed; nursery; seed-plot", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "詳", "g": 8, "o": 1305, "f": 1178, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "くわ.しい、つまび.らか", "m": "detailed; full; minute; accurate; well-informed", "pm": "detailed", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; sheep", "hk": "detailed", "hs": "Words/speaking . . . sheep.", "ks": "Trembling from head to hoof from such a traumatic experience, the <i>sheep</i> gives a very <b>detailed</b> worded account to the detective about his wolf attack. \"We need more details Mr. Sheep. Tell us exactly where the baaad man touched you\".", "v": [{"w": "詳しい", "rd": "くわしい", "mn": "detailed; full; minute", "fr": 842}, {"w": "詳細", "rd": "しょうさい", "mn": "details; particulars; specifics", "fr": 3465}, {"w": "不詳", "rd": "ふしょう", "mn": "unknown; unidentified; unspecified", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "詳報", "rd": "しょうほう", "mn": "detailed report; full report; details; particulars", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "詳述", "rd": "しょうじゅつ", "mn": "detailed explanation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "抵", "g": 8, "o": 1306, "f": 1182, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "", "m": "resist; reach; touch", "pm": "resist", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "氐", "nj": "テイ", "ne": "name of an ancient tribe"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; calling card; family name; one; floor", "hk": "resist", "hs": "Fingers . . . calling card.", "ks": "Most japanese find it impossible to <b>resist</b> pushy businessmen in Japan when they push their damned <i>business cards</i> into your <i>fingers</i>.", "v": [{"w": "抵抗", "rd": "ていこう", "mn": "resistance; opposition; standing up to", "fr": 1778}, {"w": "大抵", "rd": "たいてい", "mn": "mostly; ordinarily; usually; generally", "fr": 4061}, {"w": "抵当", "rd": "ていとう", "mn": "mortgage; security; hypothec; pledge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抵当権", "rd": "ていとうけん", "mn": "mortgage; right of pledge; lien", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抵触", "rd": "ていしょく", "mn": "infringement (of a law, treaty, etc.); contravention; running afoul", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "脅", "g": 8, "o": 1307, "f": 1183, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "おびや.かす、おど.す、おど.かす", "m": "threaten; coerce", "pm": "threaten", "r": [{"c": "劦", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "triceps; power; muscle; arnold; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "threaten", "hs": "Triceps . . . part of the body.", "ks": "Zelda (NES): Link THREATEN S Ganon by lifting the \"TRIforce of POWER\" over his BODY. Then the final battle begins.", "v": [{"w": "脅す", "rd": "おどす", "mn": "to threaten; to menace; to frighten (into doing)", "fr": 3143}, {"w": "脅威", "rd": "きょうい", "mn": "threat; menace", "fr": 5046}, {"w": "脅迫", "rd": "きょうはく", "mn": "threat; menace; coercion; blackmail", "fr": 6095}, {"w": "脅かす", "rd": "おどかす", "mn": "to threaten; to menace; to intimidate", "fr": 6181}, {"w": "脅し", "rd": "おどし", "mn": "threat", "fr": 7212}], "p": null}, {"k": "柔", "g": 8, "o": 1308, "f": 1187, "j": null, "on": "ジュウ、ニュウ", "kun": "やわ.らか、やわ.らかい、やわ、やわ.ら", "m": "tender; weakness; gentleness; softness", "pm": "tender", "r": [{"c": "矛", "nj": "ほこ", "ne": "halberd"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "halberd; beforehand; tree; wood", "hk": "tender", "hs": "Halberd . . . tree.", "ks": "Use a halberd to tender ize a tree : halberds can chop, poke, and slash, so it's all good!", "v": [{"w": "柔らかい", "rd": "やわらかい", "mn": "soft; tender; supple; flexible; limber; limp", "fr": 2745}, {"w": "柔らか", "rd": "やわらか", "mn": "soft; tender; pliant; supple", "fr": 5779}, {"w": "柔軟", "rd": "じゅうなん", "mn": "flexible; lithe; soft; pliable", "fr": 10087}, {"w": "柔道", "rd": "じゅうどう", "mn": "judo", "fr": 16559}, {"w": "優柔不断", "rd": "ゆうじゅうふだん", "mn": "indecisive; irresolute; shilly-shally; vacillating", "fr": 16791}, {"w": "柔和", "rd": "にゅうわ", "mn": "gentle; mild; meek; tender", "fr": 17830}, {"w": "懐柔", "rd": "かいじゅう", "mn": "winning over; placation; gentle persuasion", "fr": 20346}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "茂", "g": 8, "o": 1309, "f": 1188, "j": null, "on": "モ", "kun": "しげ.る", "m": "overgrown; grow thick; be luxuriant", "pm": "overgrown", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "戊", "nj": "ボ", "ne": "5th calendar sign"}], "hc": "flowers; parade", "hk": "overgrown", "hs": "The sense of the key word <b>overgrown</b> is of something growing luxuriously, though not necessarily in excess - in this case a whole <i>parade</i> of weeds (outcast   <i>flowers</i> ). By way of exception, the <i>flowers</i> take their normal place over the enclosure.", "ks": "The <i>gay parade</i> looks astonishing, as if <b>overgrown</b> with <i>flowers</i>.", "v": [{"w": "茂る", "rd": "しげる", "mn": "to grow thickly; to be in full leaf; to be rampant; to luxuriate; to be luxuriou", "fr": 19113}, {"w": "繁茂", "rd": "はんも", "mn": "flourishing (of plants); thriving; luxuriant growth; growing lushly; rankness (o", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "犠", "g": 8, "o": 1310, "f": 1189, "j": null, "on": "ギ、キ", "kun": "いけにえ", "m": "sacrifice", "pm": "sacrifice", "r": [{"c": "牛", "nj": "うし", "ne": "cow"}, {"c": "義", "nj": "ギ", "ne": "righteousness"}], "hc": "cow; righteousness; sheep; ego; hand; fiesta", "hk": "sacrifice", "hs": "<i>Cow</i> . . . <i>righteousness</i>. Do NOT use the image of an animal <b>sacrifice</b> here, as that will have it own character later on.", "ks": "A cow that is righteous <b>sacrifice</b> s her milk for the human race.", "v": [{"w": "犠牲", "rd": "ぎせい", "mn": "sacrifice", "fr": 2579}, {"w": "犠牲者", "rd": "ぎせいしゃ", "mn": "victim (esp. someone killed); casualty", "fr": 7661}, {"w": "犠打", "rd": "ぎだ", "mn": "sacrifice (bunt or fly)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "犠飛", "rd": "ぎひ", "mn": "sacrifice fly", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "距", "g": 8, "o": 1311, "f": 1191, "j": null, "on": "キョ", "kun": "へだ.たる、けづめ", "m": "long-distance; spur; fetlock", "pm": "long-distance", "r": [{"c": "足", "nj": "あし", "ne": "foot"}, {"c": "巨", "nj": "キョ", "ne": "gigantic"}], "hc": "wooden leg; mouth; stop; footprint; giant", "hk": "long-distance", "hs": "Wooden leg . . . gigantic.", "ks": "You can step a <b>long-distance</b> if you have a <i>leg</i> that's <i>gigantic</i>!", "v": [{"w": "距離", "rd": "きょり", "mn": "distance; range; interval", "fr": 1319}, {"w": "遠距離", "rd": "えんきょり", "mn": "long distance; tele-", "fr": 12935}, {"w": "長距離", "rd": "ちょうきょり", "mn": "long distance; long haul", "fr": 14752}, {"w": "近距離", "rd": "きんきょり", "mn": "short distance", "fr": 19828}, {"w": "短距離", "rd": "たんきょり", "mn": "short distance; short range; short-haul", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "雅", "g": 8, "o": 1312, "f": 1192, "j": null, "on": "ガ", "kun": "みや.び", "m": "gracious; elegant; graceful; refined", "pm": "gracious", "r": [{"c": "牙", "nj": "ガ", "ne": "tusk"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "tusk; turkey", "hk": "gracious", "hs": "Tusk . . . an old turkey.", "ks": "Be gracious around the large- tusked turkey. They're emotional at the best of times, so don't excite them with a big weapon like that.", "v": [{"w": "優雅", "rd": "ゆうが", "mn": "elegant; graceful; refined", "fr": 5297}, {"w": "雅致", "rd": "がち", "mn": "artistry; good taste; elegance; grace", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "雅楽", "rd": "ががく", "mn": "gagaku", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "飾", "g": 8, "o": 1313, "f": 1193, "j": null, "on": "ショク", "kun": "かざ.る、かざ.り", "m": "decorate; ornament; adorn; embellish", "pm": "decorate", "r": [{"c": "飠", "nj": "しょくへん", "ne": "food"}, {"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}], "hc": "eat; food; umbrella; good; halo; drop; silver; reclining; lying down; towel", "hk": "decorate", "hs": "Food . . . reclining . . . towel.", "ks": "[decorate, ornament, adorn, embellish] We <b>decorate</b> a table before <i>eating</i> , <i>reclining</i> a <i>towel</i> over it.", "v": [{"w": "飾る", "rd": "かざる", "mn": "to decorate; to ornament; to adorn", "fr": 2565}, {"w": "飾り", "rd": "かざり", "mn": "decoration; ornament; trimmings", "fr": 6471}, {"w": "装飾", "rd": "そうしょく", "mn": "ornament; decoration", "fr": 8917}, {"w": "着飾る", "rd": "きかざる", "mn": "to dress up", "fr": 14240}, {"w": "首飾り", "rd": "くびかざり", "mn": "necklace; choker", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "宝飾", "rd": "ほうしょく", "mn": "jewels and ornaments; jewelry; jewellery", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "服飾", "rd": "ふくしょく", "mn": "clothing and accessories; attire", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "粉飾", "rd": "ふんしょく", "mn": "embellishment (e.g. of a story); ornamentation; decoration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "飾り付け", "rd": "かざりつけ", "mn": "decoration; arrangement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "飾り気", "rd": "かざりけ", "mn": "affectation; showiness; pretence", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "網", "g": 8, "o": 1314, "f": 1194, "j": null, "on": "モウ", "kun": "あみ", "m": "netting; network", "pm": "netting", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "罔", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; glass jar; hood; horns; one; deceased; perish; top hat; fishhook", "hk": "netting", "hs": "Thread . . . glass canopy . . . animal horns . . . perish.", "ks": "You use a 糸 to make a net shaped like a hood. A stray animal got caught in it by its horns and perished.", "v": [{"w": "網", "rd": "あみ", "mn": "net; netting", "fr": 8167}, {"w": "網膜", "rd": "もうまく", "mn": "retina", "fr": 22269}, {"w": "網羅", "rd": "もうら", "mn": "encompassing; covering (exhaustively); including (all of); comprising; comprehen", "fr": 23918}, {"w": "交通網", "rd": "こうつうもう", "mn": "transportation network; transport network; traffic network", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "網戸", "rd": "あみど", "mn": "window screen; insect screen; mosquito screen; screen; screen door", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "通信網", "rd": "つうしんもう", "mn": "communications network", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "金網", "rd": "かなあみ", "mn": "wire netting; wire mesh; wire gauze; chain-link mesh; chicken wire", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "竜", "g": 8, "o": 1315, "f": 1195, "j": null, "on": "リュウ、リョウ、ロウ", "kun": "たつ、いせ", "m": "dragon; imperial", "pm": "dragon", "r": [{"c": "竜", "nj": "リュウ", "ne": "dragon"}], "hc": "vase; stand up; eel; sun; day", "hk": "dragon", "hs": "<i>Vase</i> . . . <i>eel</i>. In order not to confuse this kanji with the zodiacal <i>sign of the dragon</i> , which we will meet later (Frame 2164) and use as a primitive, you might think here of a paper parade <b>dragon</b>.", "ks": "A dragon is like a standing eel.", "v": [{"w": "竜", "rd": "りゅう", "mn": "dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon)", "fr": 5866}, {"w": "竜巻", "rd": "たつまき", "mn": "tornado; whirlwind; waterspout; twister", "fr": 16252}, {"w": "恐竜", "rd": "きょうりゅう", "mn": "dinosaur", "fr": 16948}, {"w": "登竜門", "rd": "とうりゅうもん", "mn": "gateway to success", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "竜王", "rd": "りゅうおう", "mn": "Dragon King", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "繁", "g": 8, "o": 1316, "f": 1198, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "しげ.る、しげ.く", "m": "luxuriant; thick; overgrown; frequency; complexity; trouble", "pm": "luxuriant", "r": [{"c": "敏", "nj": "ビン", "ne": "cleverness"}, {"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}], "hc": "cleverness; reclining; lying down; mother; breasts; taskmaster; thread; spiderman", "hk": "luxuriant", "hs": "Cleverness . . . thread.", "ks": "Every taskmaster's threads are luxuriant , made with only the best fabrics in all the brightest colours.", "v": [{"w": "頻繁", "rd": "ひんぱん", "mn": "frequent; incessant", "fr": 5366}, {"w": "繁栄", "rd": "はんえい", "mn": "prosperity; thriving; flourishing", "fr": 10944}, {"w": "繁盛", "rd": "はんじょう", "mn": "prosperity; flourishing; thriving", "fr": 11662}, {"w": "繁華街", "rd": "はんかがい", "mn": "business district; shopping district; bustling street; shopping centre; shopping", "fr": 13639}, {"w": "繁殖", "rd": "はんしょく", "mn": "breeding; propagation; reproduction; multiplication; increase", "fr": 17512}, {"w": "繁茂", "rd": "はんも", "mn": "flourishing (of plants); thriving; luxuriant growth; growing lushly; rankness (o", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "殿", "g": 8, "o": 1317, "f": 1199, "j": null, "on": "デン、テン", "kun": "との、-どの", "m": "Mr.; hall; mansion; palace; temple; lord", "pm": "Mr.", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "共", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "together"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "Mr; flag; strung together; salad; animal legs; eight; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "Mr.", "hs": "Flags . . . strung together . . . missile.", "ks": "<b>Mr.</b> President! We all stand here <i>together</i> under a national <i>flag</i>. One thing is certain: we'll never give in. We are launching nuclear <i>missiles</i> now to implement mutually assured destruction protocol.", "v": [{"w": "殿", "rd": "どの", "mn": "Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; Ms.", "fr": 4225}, {"w": "神殿", "rd": "しんでん", "mn": "temple; shrine; sanctuary", "fr": 12821}, {"w": "宮殿", "rd": "きゅうでん", "mn": "palace", "fr": 15194}, {"w": "殿下", "rd": "でんか", "mn": "Your Highness; His Highness; Her Highness", "fr": 18618}, {"w": "殿様", "rd": "とのさま", "mn": "nobleman; dignitary; lord", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "妃殿下", "rd": "ひでんか", "mn": "princess; Her Royal Highness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "御殿", "rd": "ごてん", "mn": "palace; court", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "殿堂", "rd": "でんどう", "mn": "palace; hall", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "濃", "g": 8, "o": 1318, "f": 1200, "j": null, "on": "ノウ", "kun": "こ.い", "m": "concentrated; thick; dark; undiluted", "pm": "concentrated", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "農", "nj": "ノウ", "ne": "agriculture"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; agriculture; bend; sign of the dragon; cliff; two; hairpin; safety-pin", "hk": "concentrated", "hs": "Among other things, the key word refers to the thick consistency of liquids. Its elements: <i>water</i> . . . <i>agriculture</i>.", "ks": "History has shown that agriculture usually is concentrated around bodies of water.", "v": [{"w": "濃い", "rd": "こい", "mn": "deep (colour); dark", "fr": 2730}, {"w": "濃厚", "rd": "のうこう", "mn": "rich (flavor, color, etc.); strong (e.g. odor); heavy; thick (soup, makeup, etc.", "fr": 6369}, {"w": "濃度", "rd": "のうど", "mn": "concentration; density", "fr": 15984}, {"w": "濃淡", "rd": "のうたん", "mn": "light and shade; shade (of colour, color)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "濃紺", "rd": "のうこん", "mn": "dark blue", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "濃縮", "rd": "のうしゅく", "mn": "concentration (e.g. of a solution); enrichment; condensation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "濃霧", "rd": "のうむ", "mn": "heavy fog; dense fog; thick fog", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "翼", "g": 8, "o": 1319, "f": 1201, "j": null, "on": "ヨク", "kun": "つばさ", "m": "wing; plane; flank", "pm": "wing", "r": [{"c": "羽", "nj": "はね", "ne": "feather"}, {"c": "異", "nj": "イ", "ne": "uncommon"}], "hc": "feathers; wings; uncommon; rice field; brains; strung together; salad; animal legs; eight", "hk": "wing", "hs": "Feathers . . . uncommon.", "ks": "The thing about feathers is that they usually cover the entire bird. A creature with <i>feathers</i> only on its <b>wings</b> would be very <i>uncommon</i>.", "v": [{"w": "翼", "rd": "つばさ", "mn": "wing", "fr": 4375}, {"w": "一翼", "rd": "いちよく", "mn": "one wing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "両翼", "rd": "りょうよく", "mn": "both wings; both flanks", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "右翼", "rd": "うよく", "mn": "right wing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "左翼", "rd": "さよく", "mn": "left wing", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "魅", "g": 8, "o": 1320, "f": 1206, "j": null, "on": "ミ", "kun": "", "m": "fascination; charm; bewitch", "pm": "fascination", "r": [{"c": "鬼", "nj": "おに", "ne": "demon"}, {"c": "未", "nj": "ミ", "ne": "un-"}], "hc": "ghost; oni; drop; brains; rice field; human legs; elbow; not yet; one; tree; wood", "hk": "fascination", "hs": "Ghost . . . not yet.", "ks": "Even in these modern times our fascination with ghosts has not yet ended.", "v": [{"w": "魅力", "rd": "みりょく", "mn": "charm; fascination; glamour; glamor; attraction; appeal", "fr": 2576}, {"w": "魅力的", "rd": "みりょくてき", "mn": "charming; fascinating; attractive", "fr": 3573}, {"w": "魅了", "rd": "みりょう", "mn": "charm; fascination", "fr": 9201}, {"w": "魅惑", "rd": "みわく", "mn": "fascination; captivation; charm; lure; allurement", "fr": 20254}], "p": null}, {"k": "嫌", "g": 8, "o": 1321, "f": 1207, "j": null, "on": "ケン、ゲン", "kun": "きら.う、きら.い、いや", "m": "dislike; detest; hate", "pm": "dislike", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "兼", "nj": "ケン", "ne": "concurrently"}], "hc": "woman; concurrently; animal horns; rake", "hk": "dislike", "hs": "Woman . . . concurrently.", "ks": "WOMEN dislike CASANOVA because he dates more than one concurrently.", "v": [{"w": "嫌", "rd": "いや", "mn": "disliking; not wanting; unwilling (to do); reluctant", "fr": 386}, {"w": "嫌い", "rd": "きらい", "mn": "disliked; hated; disagreeable", "fr": 592}, {"w": "嫌う", "rd": "きらう", "mn": "to hate; to dislike; to loathe; to abhor", "fr": 1255}, {"w": "機嫌", "rd": "きげん", "mn": "humour; humor; temper; mood; spirits", "fr": 3758}, {"w": "大嫌い", "rd": "だいきらい", "mn": "hating; strongly disliking", "fr": 4231}, {"w": "嫌らしい", "rd": "いやらしい", "mn": "unpleasant; disagreeable; nasty", "fr": 4509}, {"w": "不機嫌", "rd": "ふきげん", "mn": "pout; displeasure; ill humor; ill humour; sullenness", "fr": 4565}, {"w": "嫌がらせ", "rd": "いやがらせ", "mn": "harassment; pestering", "fr": 4742}, {"w": "嫌がる", "rd": "いやがる", "mn": "to appear uncomfortable (with); to seem to hate; to express dislike", "fr": 4781}, {"w": "上機嫌", "rd": "じょうきげん", "mn": "good humour (humor); good mood", "fr": 8251}, {"w": "好き嫌い", "rd": "すききらい", "mn": "likes and dislikes; tastes; preferences; pickiness (esp. about food); choosiness", "fr": 8456}, {"w": "嫌悪", "rd": "けんお", "mn": "disgust; hate; repugnance; loathing", "fr": 9654}, {"w": "嫌悪感", "rd": "けんおかん", "mn": "(feeling of) hatred; (strong) dislike; disgust; aversion; revulsion; loathing; a", "fr": 10433}, {"w": "嫌疑", "rd": "けんぎ", "mn": "suspicion", "fr": 22623}, {"w": "嫌気", "rd": "いやき", "mn": "dislike; disgust; disinclination; tired of", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "斉", "g": 8, "o": 1322, "f": 1209, "j": null, "on": "セイ、サイ", "kun": "そろ.う、ひと.しい、ひと.しく、あたる、はやい", "m": "adjusted; alike; equal; similar variety of", "pm": "adjusted", "r": [{"c": "文", "nj": "ぶん", "ne": "literature"}, {"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}], "hc": "sentence; plaid; kilt; Billy Connolly; two; fenceposts; cabers", "hk": "adjusted", "hs": "<i>Plaid</i> . . . <i>fenceposts</i> . . . <i>two</i>. Do not confuse with <i>just so</i> (Frame 414).", "ks": "The <i>Scotsman goalkeeper</i> <b>adjusted</b> himself. He reached down and <b>adjusted</b> the <i>two things</i> between his skinny fencepost <i>legs</i>.", "v": [{"w": "一斉に", "rd": "いっせいに", "mn": "simultaneously; all at once; in unison", "fr": 5081}, {"w": "一斉", "rd": "いっせい", "mn": "simultaneous; all at once", "fr": 5499}, {"w": "斉唱", "rd": "せいしょう", "mn": "singing in unison; chanting in unison", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "敷", "g": 8, "o": 1323, "f": 1212, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "し.く、-し.き", "m": "spread; pave; sit; promulgate", "pm": "spread", "r": [{"c": "旉", "nj": "フ", "ne": "to state to"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "arrowhead; rice field; brains; compass; direction; taskmaster", "hk": "spread", "hs": "At the top we have the <i>arrowhead</i> whose vertical line joins it to the <i>rice field</i> (or <i>brains</i> ) below it. Beneath it, the <i>compass</i> , and to the right, the <i>taskmaster</i>.", "ks": "<i>Arrowheads</i> are <b>spread</b> all over the <i>field</i>. The <i>taskmaster</i> profiteerer forces you to find them all using a <i>compass</i>.", "v": [{"w": "屋敷", "rd": "やしき", "mn": "residence; estate; grounds; premises; mansion", "fr": 3521}, {"w": "敷く", "rd": "しく", "mn": "to spread out (e.g. a futon); to lay out", "fr": 3969}, {"w": "敷地", "rd": "しきち", "mn": "site; plot; lot; grounds", "fr": 9019}, {"w": "座敷", "rd": "ざしき", "mn": "tatami room; tatami mat room; formal Japanese room", "fr": 21738}, {"w": "下敷き", "rd": "したじき", "mn": "desk pad; sheet of plastic (or cardboard, felt, etc.) placed under writing paper", "fr": 23034}, {"w": "風呂敷", "rd": "ふろしき", "mn": "furoshiki; wrapping cloth; cloth wrapper", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "倉敷", "rd": "くらしき", "mn": "Kurashiki (city)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "敷き布団", "rd": "しきぶとん", "mn": "futon (laid on the floor); (Japanese) mattress; underquilt; sleeping mat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "敷居", "rd": "しきい", "mn": "threshold (esp. one with grooves for sliding doors); sill", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "敷設", "rd": "ふせつ", "mn": "laying (a railroad, pipes, naval mines, etc.); construction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "敷金", "rd": "しききん", "mn": "(security) deposit; caution money", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "河川敷", "rd": "かせんじき", "mn": "flood plain; river terrace; riverside area; area between river and river bank", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "擁", "g": 8, "o": 1324, "f": 1213, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "", "m": "hug; embrace; possess; protect; lead", "pm": "hug", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "雍", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "softening"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; mysterious; top hat; cocoon; turkey", "hk": "hug", "hs": "<i>Fingers</i> . . . <i>mysterious</i> . . . <i>turkey</i>. Note that the <i>top hat</i> is extended across both elements, though it belongs only to the <i>cocoon</i>. This means that you may either use <i>mysterious</i>  \\- as we did here - or take the three elements separately.", "ks": "Imagine Gandalf hug ging a turkey….ouch! It bit off his finger!", "v": [{"w": "抱擁", "rd": "ほうよう", "mn": "embrace; hug; holding in one's arms", "fr": 12709}, {"w": "擁護", "rd": "ようご", "mn": "protection; defence; support; safeguarding; championship; vindication", "fr": 17205}, {"w": "擁する", "rd": "ようする", "mn": "to embrace; to hug", "fr": 24384}, {"w": "人権擁護", "rd": "じんけんようご", "mn": "protection of human rights", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "擁立", "rd": "ようりつ", "mn": "backing (for a position); giving support to; helping (someone) to a position", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "肩", "g": 8, "o": 1325, "f": 1215, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "かた", "m": "shoulder", "pm": "shoulder", "r": [{"c": "戸", "nj": "コ", "ne": "door"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "door; one; ceiling; flag; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "shoulder", "hs": "Door . . . flesh.", "ks": "A part of the body I always seem to bump against the door.", "v": [{"w": "肩", "rd": "かた", "mn": "shoulder", "fr": 1288}, {"w": "肩書き", "rd": "かたがき", "mn": "title (e.g. Doctor, Professor, Lord); job title; position (in a company); degree", "fr": 12409}, {"w": "肩代わり", "rd": "かたがわり", "mn": "taking over (another's debt, work); shouldering someone else's burden; subrogati", "fr": 17245}, {"w": "肩書", "rd": "かたがき", "mn": "title (e.g. Doctor, Professor, Lord); job title; position (in a company); degree", "fr": 17916}, {"w": "肩こり", "rd": "かたこり", "mn": "stiff neck; stiff shoulders", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "圏", "g": 8, "o": 1326, "f": 1216, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "かこ.い", "m": "sphere; circle; radius; range", "pm": "sphere", "r": [{"c": "囗", "nj": "くにがまえ", "ne": "border"}, {"c": "巻", "nj": "カン", "ne": "scroll"}], "hc": "pent in; scroll; quarter; snake; self", "hk": "sphere", "hs": "This key word refers to a realm or orbit, not to a ball. Its elements: <i>pent in</i> . . . <i>scroll</i>.", "ks": "I assosiate scrolls with spell casting, the efect of this spell is pent in a certain <b>sphere</b> of influence, outside it no damage is done.", "v": [{"w": "圏内", "rd": "けんない", "mn": "inside (a region, area, etc.); within the range (of); within the sphere (of infl", "fr": 18225}, {"w": "圏外", "rd": "けんがい", "mn": "outside (a region, area, etc.); out of range (of a mobile network, radar, etc.);", "fr": 19583}, {"w": "北極圏", "rd": "ほっきょくけん", "mn": "Arctic Circle; the Arctic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "成層圏", "rd": "せいそうけん", "mn": "stratosphere", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "首都圏", "rd": "しゅとけん", "mn": "Greater Tokyo Metropolitan area", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "零", "g": 8, "o": 1327, "f": 1217, "j": null, "on": "レイ", "kun": "ぜろ、こぼ.す、こぼ.れる", "m": "zero; spill; overflow; nothing; cipher", "pm": "zero", "r": [{"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}, {"c": "令", "nj": "レイ", "ne": "orders"}], "hc": "rain; weather; orders; meeting; chop-seal; hanko", "hk": "zero", "hs": "Rain . . . orders.", "ks": "The amount of people that can order the rain to rain.", "v": [{"w": "零れる", "rd": "こぼれる", "mn": "to spill; to fall out of; to overflow", "fr": 11267}, {"w": "零", "rd": "れい", "mn": "zero; nought", "fr": 13572}, {"w": "零点", "rd": "れいてん", "mn": "zero (points, marks); no marks", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "零下", "rd": "れいか", "mn": "below zero; sub-zero", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "零時", "rd": "れいじ", "mn": "twelve o'clock; midnight; noon", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "零細", "rd": "れいさい", "mn": "insignificant; trifling; paltry; cottage (industry); tiny (company)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "罰", "g": 8, "o": 1328, "f": 1220, "j": null, "on": "バツ、バチ、ハツ", "kun": "ばっ.する", "m": "penalty; punishment", "pm": "penalty", "r": [{"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "䚯", "nj": "", "ne": "to quell (uprising, rebellion, etc.) to punish (another nation, etc.) by force of arms"}], "hc": "eye; cross-eyed; net; say; words; keitai; mouth; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "penalty", "hs": "Eye . . . words . . . saber.", "ks": "For Japanese, when the mind's eye (the sideways eye) feels guilty for something bad that the body has done, there are two <b>penalty</b> s to choose from. One, you can say I'm sorry. Two, you can commit suicide by sabre. Why, oh why, do so many Japanese executives commit suicide at the first sign of scandal when all the have to do is say I'm sorry to get off the hook. (on yomi: バチ, バツ).", "v": [{"w": "罰", "rd": "ばち", "mn": "(divine) punishment; curse; retribution", "fr": 3101}, {"w": "処罰", "rd": "しょばつ", "mn": "punishment; penalty", "fr": 11839}, {"w": "罰する", "rd": "ばっする", "mn": "to punish; to penalize; to penalise", "fr": 13073}, {"w": "罰金", "rd": "ばっきん", "mn": "fine; penalty", "fr": 22016}, {"w": "懲罰", "rd": "ちょうばつ", "mn": "discipline; punishment; reprimand", "fr": 23500}, {"w": "刑罰", "rd": "けいばつ", "mn": "(criminal) punishment; penalty; sentence", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "体罰", "rd": "たいばつ", "mn": "corporal punishment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厳罰", "rd": "げんばつ", "mn": "severe punishment; rigorous measures", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "罰則", "rd": "ばっそく", "mn": "punishment; penalty", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "罰点", "rd": "ばってん", "mn": "cross mark; demerit mark; an X", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賞罰", "rd": "しょうばつ", "mn": "reward and punishment", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "怒", "g": 8, "o": 1329, "f": 1221, "j": null, "on": "ド、ヌ", "kun": "いか.る、おこ.る", "m": "angry; be offended", "pm": "angry", "r": [{"c": "奴", "nj": "ド", "ne": "guy"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "guy; woman; crotch; heart", "hk": "angry", "hs": "Guy . . . heart.", "ks": "When a guy steps on her heart , a woman can get quite angry.", "v": [{"w": "怒る", "rd": "おこる", "mn": "to get angry; to get mad; to lose one's temper", "fr": 395}, {"w": "怒り", "rd": "いかり", "mn": "anger; rage; fury; wrath; indignation", "fr": 1538}, {"w": "怒らせる", "rd": "おこらせる", "mn": "to make (someone) angry; to anger; to offend; to rile up; to provoke (to anger)", "fr": 4585}, {"w": "怒鳴る", "rd": "どなる", "mn": "to shout (in anger); to yell", "fr": 5372}, {"w": "激怒", "rd": "げきど", "mn": "rage; fury", "fr": 11800}, {"w": "怒号", "rd": "どごう", "mn": "angry roar; bellow", "fr": 13346}, {"w": "怒気", "rd": "どき", "mn": "anger; wrath", "fr": 17262}, {"w": "怒涛", "rd": "どとう", "mn": "surging waves; raging billows", "fr": 22368}, {"w": "喜怒哀楽", "rd": "きどあいらく", "mn": "human emotions (joy, anger, grief and pleasure); feelings", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "怒鳴り込む", "rd": "どなりこむ", "mn": "to storm in with a yell", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 32, "rp": 26, "l": 3, "n": ""}}, {"k": "滅", "g": 8, "o": 1330, "f": 1222, "j": null, "on": "メツ", "kun": "ほろ.びる、ほろ.ぶ、ほろ.ぼす", "m": "destroy; ruin; overthrow; perish", "pm": "destroy", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "戌", "nj": "ジュツ", "ne": "sign of the dog"}, {"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; march; fire", "hk": "destroy", "hs": "Picture a <i>march</i> of <i>flames</i> demonstrating against the Fire Department for their right to <b>destroy</b> , but being doused with <i>water</i> by the police riot squads.", "ks": "Water flows down to <b>destroy</b> the march of fire.", "v": [{"w": "消滅", "rd": "しょうめつ", "mn": "extinction; extinguishment; disappearance; vanishing; termination; lapse", "fr": 4461}, {"w": "滅ぼす", "rd": "ほろぼす", "mn": "to destroy; to overthrow; to wreck; to ruin", "fr": 4707}, {"w": "全滅", "rd": "ぜんめつ", "mn": "total destruction; complete destruction; annihilation; being wiped out", "fr": 4834}, {"w": "滅びる", "rd": "ほろびる", "mn": "to go to ruin; to go under; to fall; to be destroyed; to die out; to become exti", "fr": 5118}, {"w": "破滅", "rd": "はめつ", "mn": "ruin; destruction; fall", "fr": 5456}, {"w": "壊滅", "rd": "かいめつ", "mn": "(complete) destruction; annihilation; devastation", "fr": 7620}, {"w": "滅多に", "rd": "めったに", "mn": "rarely; seldom", "fr": 8466}, {"w": "滅亡", "rd": "めつぼう", "mn": "downfall; ruin; collapse; destruction", "fr": 10224}, {"w": "幻滅", "rd": "げんめつ", "mn": "disillusionment; disillusion; disenchantment", "fr": 11982}, {"w": "滅茶苦茶", "rd": "めちゃくちゃ", "mn": "absurd; unreasonable; nonsensical; preposterous; incoherent", "fr": 12156}, {"w": "自滅", "rd": "じめつ", "mn": "self-destruction; ruining oneself", "fr": 12917}, {"w": "絶滅", "rd": "ぜつめつ", "mn": "extinction; extermination", "fr": 13239}, {"w": "点滅", "rd": "てんめつ", "mn": "switching on and off (of a light); flashing; blinking; flickering", "fr": 15548}, {"w": "滅多", "rd": "めった", "mn": "thoughtless; reckless; careless; rash", "fr": 16618}, {"w": "撲滅", "rd": "ぼくめつ", "mn": "eradication; extermination; destruction; suppression", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "礎", "g": 8, "o": 1331, "f": 1224, "j": null, "on": "ソ", "kun": "いしずえ", "m": "cornerstone; foundation stone", "pm": "cornerstone", "r": [{"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}, {"c": "楚", "nj": "ソ", "ne": "whip"}], "hc": "stone; rock; grove; tree; wood; zoo; critters", "hk": "cornerstone", "hs": "This character depicts a <b>cornerstone</b> as a <i>stone</i> set at the end of a wildlife preserve (the  \" <i>zoo</i> in the <i>grove</i> \").", "ks": "Features like <i>stones</i> and <i>groves of trees</i> are the <b>cornerstone</b> s of a happy <i>zoo</i>.", "v": [{"w": "基礎", "rd": "きそ", "mn": "foundation; basis", "fr": 5669}, {"w": "礎", "rd": "いしずえ", "mn": "foundation stone; cornerstone", "fr": 17176}, {"w": "礎石", "rd": "そせき", "mn": "foundation stone; cornerstone", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "腐", "g": 8, "o": 1332, "f": 1225, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "くさ.る、-くさ.る、くさ.れる、くさ.れ、くさ.らす、くさ.す", "m": "rot; decay; sour", "pm": "rot", "r": [{"c": "府", "nj": "フ", "ne": "borough"}, {"c": "肉", "nj": "にく", "ne": "flesh"}], "hc": "borough; municipality; cave; adhere; sellotape; person; glue; meat; inside; belt; person", "hk": "rot", "hs": "Municipality . . . meat.", "ks": "The <b>rotting</b> <i>meat</i> <i>adheres</i> to the <i>cave</i> walls.", "v": [{"w": "腐る", "rd": "くさる", "mn": "to rot; to go bad; to decay; to spoil; to fester; to decompose; to turn sour (e.", "fr": 2783}, {"w": "豆腐", "rd": "とうふ", "mn": "tofu; bean curd; beancurd", "fr": 10851}, {"w": "腐敗", "rd": "ふはい", "mn": "decomposition; putrefaction; putrescence; spoilage", "fr": 13974}, {"w": "陳腐", "rd": "ちんぷ", "mn": "stale; hackneyed; clichéd", "fr": 18936}, {"w": "腐心", "rd": "ふしん", "mn": "taking great pains (to do); making every effort; having a lot of trouble (doing)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "腐食", "rd": "ふしょく", "mn": "rot; decay; erosion", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "脚", "g": 8, "o": 1333, "f": 1228, "j": null, "on": "キャク、キャ、カク", "kun": "あし", "m": "skids; leg; undercarriage; lower part; base", "pm": "skids", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "却", "nj": "キャク", "ne": "instead"}], "hc": "skids; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; instead; gone; soil; dirt; ground; elbow; stamp", "hk": "shins", "hs": "<i>Part of the body</i> . . . <i>instead</i>. This character has more or less the same meaning as that for <i>leg</i> learned back in frame 1372. It can also indicate the part of the legs from the <b>shins</b> down, which explains the choice of the key word.", "ks": "<b>Shins</b> are the <i>part of the body</i> that Japanese traditionally sit on <i>instead</i> of their asses.", "v": [{"w": "脚", "rd": "あし", "mn": "foot; paw; arm (of an octopus, squid, etc.)", "fr": 3026}, {"w": "脚本", "rd": "きゃくほん", "mn": "script; screenplay; scenario", "fr": 13510}, {"w": "失脚", "rd": "しっきゃく", "mn": "losing one's position; losing one's standing; downfall; fall (from power); being", "fr": 21858}, {"w": "脚色", "rd": "きゃくしょく", "mn": "dramatization (e.g. of a novel); dramatisation; adaptation (for the stage or scr", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "二人三脚", "rd": "ににんさんきゃく", "mn": "three-legged race", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "橋脚", "rd": "きょうきゃく", "mn": "bridge pier; pontoon bridge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "立脚", "rd": "りっきゃく", "mn": "being based on", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脚光", "rd": "きゃっこう", "mn": "footlight; limelight", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "行脚", "rd": "あんぎゃ", "mn": "pilgrimage", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "泊", "g": 8, "o": 1334, "f": 1233, "j": null, "on": "ハク", "kun": "と.まる、と.める", "m": "overnight stay; put up at; ride at anchor", "pm": "overnight stay", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "白", "nj": "しろ", "ne": "white"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; white; dove", "hk": "overnight", "hs": "When you stop at an inn for an <b>overnight</b> rest, all you expect is a bit of <i>water</i> for a wash and a set of clean <i>white</i> sheets to wrap your weary bones in.", "ks": "Overnight water white (it rhymes).", "v": [{"w": "泊まる", "rd": "とまる", "mn": "to stay at (e.g. hotel)", "fr": 1795}, {"w": "泊める", "rd": "とめる", "mn": "to give shelter to; to lodge; to put up; to accommodate", "fr": 6549}, {"w": "泊まり", "rd": "とまり", "mn": "(overnight) stay; lodging", "fr": 9784}, {"w": "宿泊", "rd": "しゅくはく", "mn": "accommodation; lodging", "fr": 11275}, {"w": "寝泊まり", "rd": "ねとまり", "mn": "staying the night; lodging (at)", "fr": 13643}, {"w": "一泊", "rd": "いっぱく", "mn": "(staying) one night; overnight stay", "fr": 15979}, {"w": "停泊", "rd": "ていはく", "mn": "anchorage; anchoring; mooring", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 168, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "尽", "g": 8, "o": 1335, "f": 1234, "j": null, "on": "ジン、サン", "kun": "つ.きる、つ.くす、つ.かす、-づ.く、-ず.く、ことごと.く", "m": "exhaust; use up; run out of; deplete; befriend; serve", "pm": "exhaust", "r": [{"c": "尺", "nj": "シャク", "ne": "shaku"}, {"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}], "hc": "shaku-hachi; flag; stick; ice", "hk": "exhaust", "hs": "Shakuhachi . . . ice.", "ks": "A women is so <b>exhaust</b> ed by her \"shakuhachi\" that she needs to ice her jaw.", "v": [{"w": "尽くす", "rd": "つくす", "mn": "to use up; to exhaust; to run out of", "fr": 2226}, {"w": "尽きる", "rd": "つきる", "mn": "to be used up; to be run out; to be exhausted; to be consumed; to come to an end", "fr": 3534}, {"w": "理不尽", "rd": "りふじん", "mn": "unreasonable; irrational; outrageous; absurd", "fr": 3892}, {"w": "尽力", "rd": "じんりょく", "mn": "efforts; exertion; endeavour; assistance; services", "fr": 9461}, {"w": "無尽蔵", "rd": "むじんぞう", "mn": "inexhaustible supply", "fr": 20826}, {"w": "論じ尽くす", "rd": "ろんじつくす", "mn": "to discuss fully; to discuss from every angle; to deal exhaustively with (an iss", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "杯", "g": 8, "o": 1336, "f": 1235, "j": null, "on": "ハイ", "kun": "さかずき", "m": "counter for cupfuls; wine glass; glass; toast", "pm": "counter for cupfuls", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "不", "nj": "フ", "ne": "negative"}], "hc": "tree; wood; negative", "hk": "cupfuls", "hs": "Tree . . . negative.", "ks": "The maple <b>tree</b> is very <b>negative</b> about it, but the farmer still collects <i>cupfuls</i> of maple syrup from it.", "v": [{"w": "乾杯", "rd": "かんぱい", "mn": "cheers; bottoms-up; prosit", "fr": 2669}, {"w": "一杯", "rd": "いっぱい", "mn": "one cup (of); one glass (of); one bowl (of); cupful; glassful; bowlful; spoonful", "fr": 3062}, {"w": "精一杯", "rd": "せいいっぱい", "mn": "the best one can do; one's best effort", "fr": 3722}, {"w": "杯", "rd": "さかずき", "mn": "sake cup; cup for alcoholic beverages", "fr": 4223}, {"w": "祝杯", "rd": "しゅくはい", "mn": "toast; congratulatory cup", "fr": 21492}, {"w": "力一杯", "rd": "ちからいっぱい", "mn": "with all one's strength; with might and main; as hard as one can", "fr": 23830}, {"w": "満杯", "rd": "まんぱい", "mn": "full", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賜杯", "rd": "しはい", "mn": "Emperor's cup; trophy given by the Emperor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "銀杯", "rd": "ぎんぱい", "mn": "silver cup", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 85, "rp": 18, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "僕", "g": 8, "o": 1337, "f": 1236, "j": null, "on": "ボク", "kun": "しもべ", "m": "me; I (male); servant; manservant", "pm": "me", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "菐", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "person; upside down in a row; husband", "hk": "me", "hs": "This key word is yet another synonym for \"I,\" somewhat more familiar in tone. As a rule, it is a word that boys and men use to refer to themselves. Its elements: <i>person</i> . . . <i>husbands</i> . . . <i>in a row upside down</i>.", "ks": "Building on johnskb: Although it goes against the Heisig <b>me</b> thod, this story is a lot easier to remember when you know it's the kanji for \"boku.\" Males usually use either \"boku\" or \"ore\" (instead of \"watashi\") to refer themselves. \"Boku\" is slightly boyish and soft, \"ore\" is rough & tough. Mr. T would definitely use \"ore\" – but when he's one of the husbands hung upside down in a row about to be punished by his wife, he puts on a sweet act and switches to \"boku\" when he pleads \"come on baby, it's <b>ME</b>!\".", "v": [{"w": "僕", "rd": "ぼく", "mn": "I; me", "fr": 188}, {"w": "僕たち", "rd": "ぼくたち", "mn": "we", "fr": 1760}, {"w": "僕ら", "rd": "ぼくら", "mn": "we; us", "fr": 1976}], "p": null}, {"k": "滑", "g": 8, "o": 1338, "f": 1238, "j": null, "on": "カツ、コツ", "kun": "すべ.る、なめ.らか", "m": "slippery; slide; slip; fail exam", "pm": "slippery", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "骨", "nj": "ほね", "ne": "bone"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; skeleton; joint; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "slippery", "hs": "Water . . . skeleton.", "ks": "Caution: Skeletons in these waters indicate someone didn't abide by the \"slippery when wet\" sign.", "v": [{"w": "滑る", "rd": "すべる", "mn": "to slide; to glide; to skate; to ski", "fr": 3464}, {"w": "滑稽", "rd": "こっけい", "mn": "funny; comical; humorous; laughable", "fr": 8000}, {"w": "滑らか", "rd": "なめらか", "mn": "smooth (of a surface); glassy; velvety; soft", "fr": 8076}, {"w": "滑り", "rd": "ぬめり", "mn": "slime; sliminess; mucus; viscous liquid", "fr": 15731}, {"w": "円滑", "rd": "えんかつ", "mn": "smooth; undisturbed; uninterrupted; harmonious", "fr": 19897}, {"w": "潤滑油", "rd": "じゅんかつゆ", "mn": "lubricating oil; lubricant; lube", "fr": 20026}, {"w": "滑り台", "rd": "すべりだい", "mn": "(playground) slide", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "滑走", "rd": "かっそう", "mn": "gliding; sliding; skating (on ice); skiing; glide; slide", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "滑走路", "rd": "かっそうろ", "mn": "runway; airstrip; landing strip; flight strip", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "滑降", "rd": "かっこう", "mn": "descent (esp. in skiing); sliding down; skiing down", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "孤", "g": 8, "o": 1339, "f": 1239, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "", "m": "orphan; alone", "pm": "orphan", "r": [{"c": "子", "nj": "こ", "ne": "child"}, {"c": "瓜", "nj": "うり", "ne": "melon"}], "hc": "child; melon; claw; vulture; elbow", "hk": "orphan", "hs": "Child . . . melon.", "ks": "An <b>orphan</b> will never know the joys on sucking on his mother's melons……..", "v": [{"w": "孤独", "rd": "こどく", "mn": "solitude; loneliness; isolation", "fr": 3097}, {"w": "孤立", "rd": "こりつ", "mn": "isolation; being alone; being friendless", "fr": 8527}, {"w": "孤児", "rd": "こじ", "mn": "orphan", "fr": 16005}, {"w": "孤児院", "rd": "こじいん", "mn": "orphanage", "fr": 22256}, {"w": "孤島", "rd": "ことう", "mn": "solitary island; isolated island", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "炎", "g": 8, "o": 1340, "f": 1242, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "ほのお", "m": "inflammation; flame; blaze", "pm": "inflammation", "r": [{"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "fire", "hk": "inflammation", "hs": "A <i>fire</i> belongs IN the <i>hearth</i> , not OVER it. When the <i>fire</i> spreads to the rest of the house, we have an <b>inflamed</b> house. And as with any <b>inflammation</b>  \\- including those that attack our bodies - the danger is always that it might spread if not checked. This is the sense behind the reduplication of element for <i>fire</i> , one atop the other.", "ks": "To fight <b>fire</b> with <b>fire</b> would just <b>inflame</b> a situation.", "v": [{"w": "炎", "rd": "ほのお", "mn": "flame; blaze", "fr": 2410}, {"w": "炎上", "rd": "えんじょう", "mn": "going up in flames; destruction by fire (esp. of a large building)", "fr": 11348}, {"w": "中耳炎", "rd": "ちゅうじえん", "mn": "otitis media; middle-ear infection", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "火炎瓶", "rd": "かえんびん", "mn": "Molotov cocktail; petrol bomb; gasoline bomb", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "炎天", "rd": "えんてん", "mn": "blazing heat; scorching sun", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "炎症", "rd": "えんしょう", "mn": "inflammation; irritation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "肝炎", "rd": "かんえん", "mn": "hepatitis", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "肺炎", "rd": "はいえん", "mn": "pneumonia", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脳炎", "rd": "のうえん", "mn": "brain inflammation; encephalitis; cerebritis", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "賠", "g": 8, "o": 1341, "f": 1243, "j": null, "on": "バイ", "kun": "", "m": "compensation; indemnify", "pm": "compensation", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "咅", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "to spit out"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; muzzle; vase; stand up; mouth", "hk": "compensation", "hs": "Picture a <i>clam</i> used as a <i>muzzle</i> to quiet the complaints of a fisherman's widow asking <b>compensation</b> for her husband lost at sea.", "ks": "<b>Compensation</b> is money you give to someone to shut them up (i.e. muzzle their mouth).", "v": [{"w": "賠償", "rd": "ばいしょう", "mn": "compensation; reparations; indemnity; damages", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "損害賠償", "rd": "そんがいばいしょう", "mn": "restitution; damages; indemnity; compensation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賠償金", "rd": "ばいしょうきん", "mn": "indemnities; reparations", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "寿", "g": 8, "o": 1342, "f": 1245, "j": null, "on": "ジュ、ス、シュウ", "kun": "ことぶき、ことぶ.く、ことほ.ぐ", "m": "longevity; congratulations; one's natural life", "pm": "longevity", "r": [{"c": "三", "nj": "サン", "ne": "three"}, {"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "bushes; glue", "hk": "longevity", "hs": "Bushes . . . glue.", "ks": "To ensure longevity of her virginity, Alice applied a thick layer of glue on her bush.", "v": [{"w": "寿命", "rd": "じゅみょう", "mn": "lifespan; life; lifetime", "fr": 5478}, {"w": "寿司", "rd": "すし", "mn": "sushi", "fr": 10231}, {"w": "にぎり寿司", "rd": "にぎりずし", "mn": "nigirizushi", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "喜寿", "rd": "きじゅ", "mn": "77th birthday", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "天寿", "rd": "てんじゅ", "mn": "natural span of life", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寿", "rd": "ことぶき", "mn": "congratulations; felicitations; best wishes", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "恵比寿", "rd": "えびす", "mn": "Ebisu", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "長寿", "rd": "ちょうじゅ", "mn": "long life; longevity", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "頑", "g": 8, "o": 1343, "f": 1247, "j": null, "on": "ガン", "kun": "かたく.な", "m": "stubborn; foolish; firmly", "pm": "stubborn", "r": [{"c": "元", "nj": "ゲン", "ne": "beginning"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "beginning; two; human legs; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "stubborn", "hs": "This character refers to the block <i>headed</i> , persistent <b>stubbornness</b> of one who sticks to an idea or a plan just the way it was at the <i>beginning</i> , without letting anything that comes up along the way alter things in the least. The explanation makes \"sense,\" but is hard to remember because the word \" <i>beginning</i> \"is too abstract. Back up to the image we used two frames ago - Adam and Eve in their Eden - and try again: The root of all <b>stubbornness</b> goes back to the <i>beginning</i> , with two brothers each <b>stubbornly</b> defending his own way of life and asking their God to bless it favorably. Abel stuck to agriculture, Cain to animal-raising. Picture these two with their giant, swelled <i>heads</i> , each vying for the favors of heaven, a <b>stubborn</b> grimace on their faces. No wonder something unfortunate happened!", "ks": "He's so stubborn , he won't read past the beginning page!", "v": [{"w": "頑張る", "rd": "がんばる", "mn": "to persevere; to persist; to keep at it; to hang on; to hold out; to do one's be", "fr": 338}, {"w": "頑張って", "rd": "がんばって", "mn": "do your best; go for it; hang in there; keep at it", "fr": 1135}, {"w": "頑固", "rd": "がんこ", "mn": "stubborn; obstinate; pigheaded", "fr": 5347}, {"w": "頑丈", "rd": "がんじょう", "mn": "solid; firm; stout; burly; strong; sturdy", "fr": 6113}, {"w": "頑な", "rd": "かたくな", "mn": "obstinate; stubborn; mulish; die-hard; bigoted", "fr": 9262}, {"w": "頑張り", "rd": "がんばり", "mn": "tenacity; endurance", "fr": 9871}, {"w": "頑強", "rd": "がんきょう", "mn": "stubborn; dogged; persistent; tenacious", "fr": 23435}], "p": null}, {"k": "甘", "g": 8, "o": 1344, "f": 1248, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "あま.い、あま.える、あま.やかす、うま.い", "m": "sweet; coax; pamper; be content; sugary", "pm": "sweet", "r": [{"c": "廿", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "twenty"}], "hc": "wicker basket; picnic basket", "hk": "sweet", "hs": "This kanji is a pictograph of a small wicker basket. (The extra short stroke in the middle helps keep it distinct from the character for <i>twenty</i>.) All one needs to add is some image of <b>sweet</b> cakes or breads carried in the basket, and the union of picture and meaning is complete. Take care not to confuse with <i>confectionary</i> (Frame 1203).", "ks": "Sweet twenty-one. The next sweet number after sweet sixteen.", "v": [{"w": "甘い", "rd": "あまい", "mn": "sweet-tasting; sweet; sugary; sugared", "fr": 714}, {"w": "甘える", "rd": "あまえる", "mn": "to behave like a spoiled child; to fawn on", "fr": 1849}, {"w": "甘やかす", "rd": "あまやかす", "mn": "to pamper; to spoil", "fr": 5241}, {"w": "甘え", "rd": "あまえ", "mn": "overdependence (on others; usu. one's fosterers or seniors); lack of self-relian", "fr": 9760}, {"w": "甘美", "rd": "かんび", "mn": "sweet (taste); luscious", "fr": 12522}, {"w": "甘み", "rd": "あまみ", "mn": "sweetness; sugary taste", "fr": 13309}, {"w": "甘味", "rd": "あまみ", "mn": "sweetness; sugary taste", "fr": 19098}, {"w": "甘味料", "rd": "かんみりょう", "mn": "sweetener (sugar, honey, saccharin, maltose, etc.); sweetening agent; sweetening", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "甘言", "rd": "かんげん", "mn": "sweet words; smooth talk; cajolery; flattery; sycophancy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "甘酢", "rd": "あまず", "mn": "sweet vinegar", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "鎖", "g": 8, "o": 1345, "f": 1250, "j": null, "on": "サ", "kun": "くさり、とざ.す", "m": "chain; irons; connection", "pm": "chain", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "metal; gold; small; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "chain", "hs": "<i>Metal</i> . . . <i>little</i> . . . <i>shells</i>. We have saved this character until no win order to draw attention to the visual difference between the <i>owl</i> and <i>little</i>. By now your eyes should be so accustomed to these apparently infinitesimal differences that the point is obvious.", "ks": "The <b>chain</b> on this <b>chain</b> saw is made of <i>little</i> <i>metal</i> <i>shells</i>.", "v": [{"w": "鎖", "rd": "くさり", "mn": "chain; chains", "fr": 6099}, {"w": "閉鎖", "rd": "へいさ", "mn": "closing; closure", "fr": 7942}, {"w": "封鎖", "rd": "ふうさ", "mn": "blockade; lockdown; sealing off (an area)", "fr": 8757}, {"w": "連鎖", "rd": "れんさ", "mn": "chain; series; connection", "fr": 10867}, {"w": "経済封鎖", "rd": "けいざいふうさ", "mn": "economic blockade; embargo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鎖国", "rd": "さこく", "mn": "national isolation; closing the country (to foreigners)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "彩", "g": 8, "o": 1346, "f": 1251, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "いろど.る", "m": "coloring; paint; makeup", "pm": "coloring", "r": [{"c": "采", "nj": "サイ", "ne": "dice"}, {"c": "彡", "nj": "さんづくり", "ne": "hair-style"}], "hc": "claw; vulture; grab; tree; wood; shape", "hk": "coloring", "hs": "Vulture . . . tree . . . shape.", "ks": "In Sydney we occasionally get exotic birds. You first notice a <b>colouring</b> in a <i>tree</i>. You look more carefully and you make out the <i>shape</i> of a bird (here represented by its <i>claws</i> ).", "v": [{"w": "彩る", "rd": "いろどる", "mn": "to colour; to color; to paint", "fr": 7936}, {"w": "彩り", "rd": "いろどり", "mn": "coloring; colouring; coloration; colouration", "fr": 12079}, {"w": "色彩", "rd": "しきさい", "mn": "colour; color; hue; tints", "fr": 15142}, {"w": "多彩", "rd": "たさい", "mn": "colourful; colorful; multicoloured; multicolored; varicoloured; varicolored", "fr": 21533}, {"w": "光彩", "rd": "こうさい", "mn": "brilliance; splendour; splendor; lustre; luster", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "彩色", "rd": "さいしき", "mn": "colouring; coloring; colouration; coloration; painting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "水彩画", "rd": "すいさいが", "mn": "watercolor painting; watercolour painting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "油彩", "rd": "ゆさい", "mn": "oil painting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "精彩", "rd": "せいさい", "mn": "brilliance; luster; lustre; colorfulness; colourfulness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "迷彩", "rd": "めいさい", "mn": "camouflage; disguise", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "摩", "g": 8, "o": 1347, "f": 1252, "j": null, "on": "マ", "kun": "ま.する、さす.る、す.る", "m": "chafe; rub; polish; grind; scrape", "pm": "chafe", "r": [{"c": "麻", "nj": "あさ", "ne": "hemp"}, {"c": "手", "nj": "て", "ne": "hand"}], "hc": "hemp; cave; grove; tree; wood; hand", "hk": "chafe", "hs": "Hemp . . . hand.", "ks": "If you grind the <i>hemp</i> without a stone but use your <i>hand</i> instead it will <b>chafe</b>. (Image: \"Robin, why are your hands all <b>chafe</b> d?\" 'Uh… (I've been grinding hemp all day)').", "v": [{"w": "摩る", "rd": "さする", "mn": "to rub; to pat; to stroke; to massage", "fr": 8543}, {"w": "摩擦", "rd": "まさつ", "mn": "friction", "fr": 12060}, {"w": "あん摩", "rd": "あんま", "mn": "massage (esp. anma, a traditional form of Japanese massage)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "摩天楼", "rd": "まてんろう", "mn": "skyscraper", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "励", "g": 8, "o": 1348, "f": 1254, "j": null, "on": "レイ", "kun": "はげ.む、はげ.ます", "m": "encourage; be diligent; inspire", "pm": "encourage", "r": [{"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "万", "nj": "マン", "ne": "ten thousand"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "Wimbledon; cliff; ten thousand; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "encourage", "hs": "Cliff . . . ten thousand . . . power.", "ks": "People encourage you, giving you the power so you can dive off the 10,000m high cliff into the sea.", "v": [{"w": "励ます", "rd": "はげます", "mn": "to encourage; to cheer on; to cheer (someone) up", "fr": 3788}, {"w": "励む", "rd": "はげむ", "mn": "to work hard; to try hard; to strive; to endeavour; to endeavor; to devote onese", "fr": 5538}, {"w": "励まし", "rd": "はげまし", "mn": "encouragement; cheering on", "fr": 16365}, {"w": "激励", "rd": "げきれい", "mn": "encouragement; spurring (on); cheering (on)", "fr": 17669}, {"w": "励み", "rd": "はげみ", "mn": "encouragement; incentive; stimulus", "fr": 20049}, {"w": "奨励", "rd": "しょうれい", "mn": "encouragement; promotion; inducement; incitement; stimulation", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "掃", "g": 8, "o": 1349, "f": 1255, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、シュ", "kun": "は.く", "m": "sweep; brush", "pm": "sweep", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "帚", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "broom"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; feather duster; broom; apron; crown; towel", "hk": "sweep", "hs": "Fingers . . . broom . . . apron.", "ks": "Whether I <b>SWEEP</b> something away with my FINGERS or my BROOM, I should always wear my APRON.", "v": [{"w": "掃除", "rd": "そうじ", "mn": "cleaning; sweeping; dusting; scrubbing", "fr": 1464}, {"w": "清掃", "rd": "せいそう", "mn": "cleaning; clean-up; garbage collection; scavenging", "fr": 10107}, {"w": "一掃", "rd": "いっそう", "mn": "clean sweep; purging; doing away with; eradication", "fr": 12907}, {"w": "大掃除", "rd": "おおそうじ", "mn": "major cleanup; spring cleaning", "fr": 16309}, {"w": "掃除機", "rd": "そうじき", "mn": "vacuum cleaner; vacuum; hoover", "fr": 17891}, {"w": "掃く", "rd": "はく", "mn": "to sweep; to brush; to clean", "fr": 24065}, {"w": "掃討", "rd": "そうとう", "mn": "cleaning up (enemy remnants); sweeping clean (of opponents); mopping up", "fr": 24950}, {"w": "掃海", "rd": "そうかい", "mn": "sweeping the sea for mines; dragging for mines", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "掘", "g": 8, "o": 1350, "f": 1257, "j": null, "on": "クツ", "kun": "ほ.る", "m": "dig; delve; excavate", "pm": "dig", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "屈", "nj": "クツ", "ne": "yield"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; yield; flag; exit", "hk": "dig", "hs": "Fingers . . . yield.", "ks": "If you <b>dig</b> with your <i>fingers</i> hard enough, soil eventually <i>yields</i>.", "v": [{"w": "掘る", "rd": "ほる", "mn": "to dig; to excavate; to hollow", "fr": 4402}, {"w": "発掘", "rd": "はっくつ", "mn": "excavation; exhumation; digging up; unearthing", "fr": 11901}, {"w": "根掘り葉掘り", "rd": "ねほりはほり", "mn": "inquisitively; pryingly; nosily; thoroughly; persistently; through-and-through", "fr": 20479}, {"w": "採掘", "rd": "さいくつ", "mn": "mining; digging; working (a mine)", "fr": 23427}, {"w": "掘削", "rd": "くっさく", "mn": "digging out; excavation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "輝", "g": 8, "o": 1351, "f": 1259, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "かがや.く", "m": "radiance; shine; sparkle; gleam; twinkle", "pm": "radiance", "r": [{"c": "光", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "ray"}, {"c": "軍", "nj": "グン", "ne": "army"}], "hc": "ray; small; little; human legs; army; chariot; crown; vehicle; car", "hk": "radiance", "hs": "Take advantage of the first syllable of the key word to think of the <i>ray</i> of light to the left. Now add the glittering <i>chariot</i> that is emitting those <i>rays</i> and you have <b>radiance</b>.", "ks": "Radiance is an army of rays.", "v": [{"w": "輝く", "rd": "かがやく", "mn": "to shine; to sparkle; to twinkle; to glitter; to glisten", "fr": 1616}, {"w": "輝き", "rd": "かがやき", "mn": "brightness; brilliance; brilliancy; radiance; glitter", "fr": 3908}, {"w": "光り輝く", "rd": "ひかりかがやく", "mn": "to shine; to glitter", "fr": 12018}, {"w": "輝かしい", "rd": "かがやかしい", "mn": "brilliant; glorious; glittering; bright; splendid (e.g. achievement, success); p", "fr": 12508}, {"w": "光輝", "rd": "こうき", "mn": "brightness; splendour; splendor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "輝度", "rd": "きど", "mn": "brightness; luminance", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "蓄", "g": 8, "o": 1352, "f": 1260, "j": null, "on": "チク", "kun": "たくわ.える", "m": "amass; raise; hoard; store", "pm": "amass", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "畜", "nj": "チク", "ne": "livestock"}], "hc": "flowers; livestock; mysterious; top hat; cocoon; rice field; brains", "hk": "amass", "hs": "Flowers . . . livestock.", "ks": "It may seem illogical, but the fact is, you need to plant flowers if your aim is to amass livestock.", "v": [{"w": "蓄える", "rd": "たくわえる", "mn": "to store; to save up; to stock up on; to lay in stock; to set aside", "fr": 7902}, {"w": "蓄積", "rd": "ちくせき", "mn": "accumulation; accumulate; store", "fr": 8678}, {"w": "備蓄", "rd": "びちく", "mn": "stocking up (in case of emergency); stockpile; reserves; storing; laying in (sup", "fr": 22144}, {"w": "貯蓄", "rd": "ちょちく", "mn": "savings", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "含蓄", "rd": "がんちく", "mn": "implication; significance; connotation; depth of meaning; complications of a pro", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蓄財", "rd": "ちくざい", "mn": "amassing of wealth", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蓄電池", "rd": "ちくでんち", "mn": "storage battery", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "軸", "g": 8, "o": 1353, "f": 1261, "j": null, "on": "ジク", "kun": "", "m": "axis; pivot; stem; stalk; counter for book scrolls", "pm": "axis", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "由", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "wherefore"}], "hc": "car; sprout; shoot", "hk": "axis", "hs": "Car . . . shoot.", "ks": "Left side is the car, right side is a zoomed in picture of the car showing the detail of the axle/axis.", "v": [{"w": "軸", "rd": "じく", "mn": "axis; shaft; axle", "fr": 10201}, {"w": "中軸", "rd": "ちゅうじく", "mn": "axis; pivot; central figure; key man", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "主軸", "rd": "しゅじく", "mn": "main spindle; main shaft", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "基軸", "rd": "きじく", "mn": "basis; foundation; core; criterion; standard", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "掛け軸", "rd": "かけじく", "mn": "hanging scroll", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "枢軸", "rd": "すうじく", "mn": "axle; pivot", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "車軸", "rd": "しゃじく", "mn": "axle", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "巡", "g": 8, "o": 1354, "f": 1262, "j": null, "on": "ジュン", "kun": "めぐ.る、めぐ.り", "m": "patrol; go around; circumference", "pm": "patrol", "r": [{"c": "巛", "nj": "まがりがわ", "ne": "winding river"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "deluge; stream; flood; road", "hk": "patrol", "hs": "A virtual  <i>flood</i> of motorcycle police washing down a <i>road</i> is this kanji's image for a <b>patrol</b>.", "ks": "The Venice cops patrol on river roads.", "v": [{"w": "巡る", "rd": "めぐる", "mn": "to go around; to make a circle around", "fr": 2889}, {"w": "巡回", "rd": "じゅんかい", "mn": "going around; patrol; round; tour", "fr": 10214}, {"w": "巡り会う", "rd": "めぐりあう", "mn": "to meet fortuitously; to meet by chance; to happen across", "fr": 16682}, {"w": "お巡りさん", "rd": "おまわりさん", "mn": "police officer", "fr": 18536}, {"w": "巡査", "rd": "じゅんさ", "mn": "police officer; policeman; constable", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "巡業", "rd": "じゅんぎょう", "mn": "provincial tour", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巡礼", "rd": "じゅんれい", "mn": "pilgrimage; pilgrim", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巡航", "rd": "じゅんこう", "mn": "cruise; cruising", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巡視", "rd": "じゅんし", "mn": "inspection tour", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "疲", "g": 8, "o": 1355, "f": 1263, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "つか.れる、-づか.れ、つか.らす", "m": "exhausted; tire; weary", "pm": "exhausted", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "皮", "nj": "けがわ", "ne": "skin"}], "hc": "exhausted; sickness; hospital; pelt; branch; ten; needle; crotch; hook", "hk": "tired", "hs": "Sickness . . . pelt.", "ks": "Caveman was tired after hauling mammoth pelts all day.", "v": [{"w": "疲れる", "rd": "つかれる", "mn": "to get tired; to tire; to get fatigued; to become exhausted; to grow weary", "fr": 694}, {"w": "お疲れさま", "rd": "おつかれさま", "mn": "thank you (for your hard work); good work", "fr": 1620}, {"w": "疲れ", "rd": "つかれ", "mn": "tiredness; fatigue", "fr": 2999}, {"w": "お疲れ様", "rd": "おつかれさま", "mn": "thank you (for your hard work); good work", "fr": 4737}, {"w": "疲労", "rd": "ひろう", "mn": "fatigue; weariness; exhaustion; tiredness", "fr": 5158}, {"w": "疲弊", "rd": "ひへい", "mn": "exhaustion; fatigue", "fr": 10833}, {"w": "疲れ果てる", "rd": "つかれはてる", "mn": "to get tired out; to be exhausted", "fr": 19851}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 39, "rp": 25, "l": 4, "n": ""}}, {"k": "稼", "g": 8, "o": 1356, "f": 1264, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "かせ.ぐ", "m": "earnings; work; earn money", "pm": "earnings", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "家", "nj": "カ", "ne": "house"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; house; sow; pig", "hk": "earnings", "hs": "Wheat . . . house.", "ks": "Your <b>earnings</b> allow you to bring <i>home</i> your daily bread (made of <i>wheat</i> , naturally).", "v": [{"w": "稼ぐ", "rd": "かせぐ", "mn": "to earn (income); to make (money)", "fr": 2039}, {"w": "稼ぎ", "rd": "かせぎ", "mn": "earnings", "fr": 8894}, {"w": "稼働", "rd": "かどう", "mn": "operation (of a machine); running", "fr": 11861}, {"w": "稼業", "rd": "かぎょう", "mn": "trade; business; occupation; profession; job", "fr": 15891}, {"w": "共稼ぎ", "rd": "ともかせぎ", "mn": "(husband and wife) earning a living together", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "出稼ぎ", "rd": "でかせぎ", "mn": "working away from home (esp. abroad)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "稼働率", "rd": "かどうりつ", "mn": "operating rate; utilization rate; occupancy rate; availability factor", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "瞬", "g": 8, "o": 1357, "f": 1265, "j": null, "on": "シュン", "kun": "またた.く、まじろ.ぐ", "m": "wink; blink; twinkle", "pm": "wink", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}, {"c": "舜", "nj": "シュン", "ne": "type of morning glory"}], "hc": "eye; Rose of Sharon; birdhouse; birdcage; claw; vulture; crown; sunglasses; dancing legs; ballerina; evening", "hk": "wink", "hs": "Eye . . . birdhouse . . . sunglasses.", "ks": "What a dilemna, you wore SUNGLASSES over your EYES when you went to the BIRDHOUSE so you wouldn't be recognized - but now you can't <b>WINK</b> at the girl you want!", "v": [{"w": "瞬間", "rd": "しゅんかん", "mn": "moment; instant; second", "fr": 791}, {"w": "一瞬", "rd": "いっしゅん", "mn": "instant; moment; for an instant", "fr": 930}, {"w": "瞬時", "rd": "しゅんじ", "mn": "instant; moment; (split) second; (in a) flash; (in the) blink of an eye", "fr": 6755}, {"w": "瞬く", "rd": "またたく", "mn": "to twinkle (e.g. stars); to flicker; to waver", "fr": 11517}], "p": null}, {"k": "皆", "g": 8, "o": 1358, "f": 1267, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "みな、みんな", "m": "all; everything", "pm": "all", "r": [{"c": "比", "nj": "くらべる", "ne": "to compare"}, {"c": "白", "nj": "しろ", "ne": "white"}], "hc": "compare; spoon; sitting on the ground; white; dove", "hk": "all", "hs": "Think of the housewives in TV commercials \" <i>comparing</i> the <i>whiteness</i> \" of their laundry across the fence, a typical advertisement for the popular detergent known as <b>All</b>. (If you don't know the brand, surely you've heard the phrases  \" <b>all</b> -purpose detergent\" or \" <b>all</b> -temperature detergent.\")", "ks": "If you <i>compare</i> colors, you will find that <i>white</i> is produced from the mix of <b>all</b> the others.", "v": [{"w": "皆さん", "rd": "みなさん", "mn": "all; everyone; everybody", "fr": 586}, {"w": "皆", "rd": "みな", "mn": "everyone; everybody; all", "fr": 1117}, {"w": "皆様", "rd": "みなさま", "mn": "everyone", "fr": 2365}, {"w": "皆無", "rd": "かいむ", "mn": "nonexistent; nil; none; nothing (at all); bugger-all", "fr": 7573}, {"w": "皆目", "rd": "かいもく", "mn": "entirely; (not) at all", "fr": 18395}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 94, "rp": 18, "l": 2, "n": "混ぜる 比べる"}}, {"k": "砲", "g": 8, "o": 1359, "f": 1268, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "", "m": "cannon; gun", "pm": "cannon", "r": [{"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}, {"c": "包", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "wrap"}], "hc": "stone; rock; wrap; bound up; snake; self", "hk": "cannon", "hs": "Stones . . . wrap.", "ks": "Cannon = stone projectile wrapped by a barrel.", "v": [{"w": "砲", "rd": "ほう", "mn": "gun; cannon; artillery; ordnance", "fr": 12137}, {"w": "発砲", "rd": "はっぽう", "mn": "firing; discharge of gun", "fr": 13992}, {"w": "鉄砲", "rd": "てっぽう", "mn": "gun; firearm", "fr": 15408}, {"w": "砲撃", "rd": "ほうげき", "mn": "bombarding; shelling; bombardment", "fr": 15969}, {"w": "大砲", "rd": "たいほう", "mn": "(large) gun; cannon; artillery", "fr": 16930}, {"w": "砲弾", "rd": "ほうだん", "mn": "shell; cannonball", "fr": 19227}, {"w": "主砲", "rd": "しゅほう", "mn": "main battery; main armament", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "砲兵", "rd": "ほうへい", "mn": "artillery; gunner", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "砲火", "rd": "ほうか", "mn": "gunfire; fire", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "空砲", "rd": "くうほう", "mn": "empty gun; gun loaded with blanks; firing a blank", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "迫撃砲", "rd": "はくげきほう", "mn": "mortar", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "軟", "g": 8, "o": 1360, "f": 1269, "j": null, "on": "ナン", "kun": "やわ.らか、やわ.らかい", "m": "soft", "pm": "soft", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "欠", "nj": "あくび", "ne": "to lack"}], "hc": "car; lack; yawn", "hk": "soft", "hs": "If the cushions of one's <i>car</i> are too <b>soft</b> , one may begin <i>yawning</i> at the wheel.", "ks": "Cars are rough steel things, lacking <b>soft</b> ness.", "v": [{"w": "柔軟", "rd": "じゅうなん", "mn": "flexible; lithe; soft; pliable", "fr": 10087}, {"w": "軟弱", "rd": "なんじゃく", "mn": "soft and lacking firmness; weak; fragile", "fr": 16498}, {"w": "軟らかい", "rd": "やわらかい", "mn": "soft; tender; supple; flexible; limber; limp", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "軟化", "rd": "なんか", "mn": "softening", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "軟式", "rd": "なんしき", "mn": "soft (esp. of softball, tennis, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "軟着陸", "rd": "なんちゃくりく", "mn": "soft landing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "軟禁", "rd": "なんきん", "mn": "house arrest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "軟骨", "rd": "なんこつ", "mn": "cartilage", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "噴", "g": 8, "o": 1361, "f": 1270, "j": null, "on": "フン", "kun": "ふ.く", "m": "erupt; spout; emit; flush out", "pm": "erupt", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "賁", "nj": "フン", "ne": "decorate"}], "hc": "mouth; pitchfork; haystack; ten; needle; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "erupt", "hs": "Mouth . . . haystack . . . clams.", "ks": "History of Pompei: An unexpect <b>erupt</b> ion and from the <i>mouths</i> of the volcano come lava that threatens the farmers collecting <i>haystacks</i> in the fields and the fisherman catching <i>shells</i> on the coast.", "v": [{"w": "噴き出す", "rd": "ふきだす", "mn": "to spout out; to spurt out; to gush out; to jet out", "fr": 6259}, {"w": "噴水", "rd": "ふんすい", "mn": "water fountain", "fr": 10967}, {"w": "噴出", "rd": "ふんしゅつ", "mn": "spewing; gushing; spouting; eruption; effusion", "fr": 12456}, {"w": "噴射", "rd": "ふんしゃ", "mn": "jet; spray; emission; spouting", "fr": 17718}, {"w": "噴火", "rd": "ふんか", "mn": "eruption; volcanic eruption", "fr": 20311}, {"w": "噴煙", "rd": "ふんえん", "mn": "(eruption of) smoke", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "沈", "g": 8, "o": 1362, "f": 1271, "j": null, "on": "チン、ジン", "kun": "しず.む、しず.める", "m": "sink; be submerged; subside; be depressed; aloes", "pm": "sink", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "冘", "nj": "イン", "ne": "to move on"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; garter; crown; human legs", "hk": "sink", "hs": "The technique for <b>sinking</b> used in this kanji is unique. Rather than the biblical image of tying a millstone about the victim's neck, here we see a <i>crown</i> tied about one <i>leg</i> before the unfortunate party is tossed into the <i>water</i>.", "ks": "(thx geezer) The maimed waitress (no head and arms just her legs and trunk) is dropped into the water with a cement crown to make sure she <b>sink</b> s. She shouldn't have been so nosy about her yakuza-boyfriend's schemes.", "v": [{"w": "沈む", "rd": "しずむ", "mn": "to sink; to go under; to submerge", "fr": 2165}, {"w": "沈黙", "rd": "ちんもく", "mn": "silence; being silent; quiet; hush", "fr": 3428}, {"w": "沈める", "rd": "しずめる", "mn": "to sink (e.g. a ship); to submerge", "fr": 4812}, {"w": "撃沈", "rd": "げきちん", "mn": "(attacking and) sinking (a ship); sending (a ship) to the bottom", "fr": 22670}, {"w": "沈没", "rd": "ちんぼつ", "mn": "sinking; foundering; going down; submersion", "fr": 24452}, {"w": "沈下", "rd": "ちんか", "mn": "sinking; subsidence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "沈滞", "rd": "ちんたい", "mn": "stagnation; inactivity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "沈着", "rd": "ちんちゃく", "mn": "composure; calmness; self-possession; presence of mind", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "沈静", "rd": "ちんせい", "mn": "settling down; quieting down; cooling down; cooling off", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浮沈", "rd": "ふちん", "mn": "floating and sinking; rise and fall; ebb and flow; ups and downs", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "誇", "g": 8, "o": 1363, "f": 1272, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "ほこ.る", "m": "boast; be proud; pride; triumphantly", "pm": "boast", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "夸", "nj": "コ", "ne": "boast"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; Batman; large; St. Bernard; chandelier; one; ceiling; snare", "hk": "boast", "hs": "Words . . . St. Bernard dog . . . ceiling . . . snare.", "ks": "The hunter's <b>boast</b> : I <i>say</i> , it was a \" <i>big</i> <i>one</i> \", but the <i>snare</i> broke and it got away. (credit to many others before).", "v": [{"w": "誇る", "rd": "ほこる", "mn": "to boast of; to be proud of; to take pride in", "fr": 3443}, {"w": "誇り", "rd": "ほこり", "mn": "pride; boast; credit (to)", "fr": 3497}, {"w": "誇張", "rd": "こちょう", "mn": "exaggeration", "fr": 14998}, {"w": "誇示", "rd": "こじ", "mn": "flaunting; showing off; display (of power, wealth, etc.); ostentation", "fr": 15654}, {"w": "誇大", "rd": "こだい", "mn": "exaggeration; hyperbole", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "祥", "g": 8, "o": 1364, "f": 1273, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "さいわ.い、きざ.し、よ.い、つまび.らか", "m": "auspicious; happiness; blessedness; good omen; good fortune", "pm": "auspicious", "r": [{"c": "礻", "nj": "しめすへん", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}], "hc": "altar; sheep", "hk": "auspicious", "hs": "Altar . . . sheep.", "ks": "Bringing a <i>sheep</i> to sacrifice on the <i>altar</i> was a sign of an <b>auspicious</b> life. The poor could only afford a pigeon, the more <b>auspicious</b> an expensive <i>sheep</i> for an offering.", "v": [{"w": "不祥事", "rd": "ふしょうじ", "mn": "scandal; impropriety; misconduct", "fr": 17388}, {"w": "発祥", "rd": "はっしょう", "mn": "origin", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "発祥地", "rd": "はっしょうち", "mn": "birthplace (e.g. of jazz, Buddhism); cradle (e.g. of civilization); place of ori", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "牲", "g": 8, "o": 1365, "f": 1274, "j": null, "on": "セイ", "kun": "", "m": "animal sacrifice; offering", "pm": "animal sacrifice", "r": [{"c": "牛", "nj": "うし", "ne": "cow"}, {"c": "生", "nj": "うまれる", "ne": "birth"}], "hc": "cow; life; This is Your Life; cell; drop; grow up", "hk": "animal sacrifice", "hs": "Cow . . . cell.", "ks": "<b>Animal sacrifice</b> = taking the life of a cow.", "v": [{"w": "犠牲", "rd": "ぎせい", "mn": "sacrifice", "fr": 2579}, {"w": "犠牲者", "rd": "ぎせいしゃ", "mn": "victim (esp. someone killed); casualty", "fr": 7661}], "p": null}, {"k": "秩", "g": 8, "o": 1366, "f": 1275, "j": null, "on": "チツ", "kun": "", "m": "regularity; salary; order", "pm": "regularity", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "失", "nj": "シツ", "ne": "lose"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; lose; drop; husband", "hk": "regularity", "hs": "Wheat . . . drop.", "ks": "Eating plenty of wheat will improve regularity and help you lose weight.", "v": [{"w": "秩序", "rd": "ちつじょ", "mn": "order; discipline; regularity; system; method", "fr": 8265}, {"w": "無秩序", "rd": "むちつじょ", "mn": "disorder; chaos; confusion", "fr": 24263}], "p": null}, {"k": "帝", "g": 8, "o": 1367, "f": 1276, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "みかど", "m": "sovereign; the emperor; god; creator", "pm": "sovereign", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}], "hc": "vase; stand up; apron; crown; towel", "hk": "sovereign", "hs": "An uncommon, but not altogether unlikely picture of a reigning <b>sovereign</b> has him <i>standing up</i> in his <i>apron</i> , presumably at the behest of HIS <b>sovereign</b> (she who is to be obeyed), who needs help with washing the dishes.", "ks": "The crazy <b>sovereign</b> stands up from his throne, wearing nothing but a crown and a towel. That's why they try to keep him locked up in the castle away from the public.", "v": [{"w": "帝国", "rd": "ていこく", "mn": "empire", "fr": 9252}, {"w": "皇帝", "rd": "こうてい", "mn": "emperor", "fr": 13300}, {"w": "帝", "rd": "みかど", "mn": "emperor (of Japan); mikado", "fr": 13365}, {"w": "帝国主義", "rd": "ていこくしゅぎ", "mn": "imperialism", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "帝政", "rd": "ていせい", "mn": "imperial government; imperialism; monarchical rule", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "唆", "g": 8, "o": 1368, "f": 1278, "j": null, "on": "サ", "kun": "そそ.る、そそのか.す", "m": "tempt; seduce; instigate; promote", "pm": "tempt", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "夋", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "mouth; streetwalker; Ministry of silly walks; John Cleese; license; elbow; human legs; walking legs", "hk": "tempt", "hs": "Mouth . . . license . . . walking legs.", "ks": "Prostitutes in Amsterdam have a license to show off their walking legs and tempt customers with their mouths.", "v": [{"w": "示唆", "rd": "しさ", "mn": "suggestion; hint; implication", "fr": 17569}, {"w": "唆す", "rd": "そそのかす", "mn": "to instigate; to tempt; to entice; to incite", "fr": 22701}, {"w": "教唆", "rd": "きょうさ", "mn": "instigation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "阻", "g": 8, "o": 1369, "f": 1280, "j": null, "on": "ソ", "kun": "はば.む", "m": "thwart; separate from; prevent; obstruct; deter; impede", "pm": "thwart", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "且", "nj": "ショ", "ne": "moreover"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; shelf; my bookshelves", "hk": "thwart", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . shelf.", "ks": "In a last ditch effort to <b>thwart</b> the invaders of <i>The Pinnacle</i> , they push glass <i>shelves</i> over the edge onto their heads below.", "v": [{"w": "阻止", "rd": "そし", "mn": "obstruction; prevention; hindrance; check; blocking; stopping", "fr": 4221}, {"w": "阻む", "rd": "はばむ", "mn": "to keep someone from doing; to stop; to prevent; to check; to hinder; to obstruc", "fr": 6032}, {"w": "阻害", "rd": "そがい", "mn": "obstruction; impediment; hindrance; inhibition; blocking; check", "fr": 16527}], "p": null}, {"k": "泰", "g": 8, "o": 1370, "f": 1281, "j": null, "on": "タイ", "kun": "", "m": "peaceful; calm; peace; easy; Thailand; extreme; excessive; great", "pm": "peaceful", "r": [{"c": "氺", "nj": "したみず", "ne": "water"}], "hc": "bonsai; grains of rice", "hk": "peaceful", "hs": "Bonsai . . . rice grains.", "ks": "If you look into Japanese gardens they seem so <b>peaceful</b> \\- with their small bonsais and the white stones looking like rice grains.", "v": [{"w": "安泰", "rd": "あんたい", "mn": "security; stability; safety; peace", "fr": 10817}], "p": null}, {"k": "賄", "g": 8, "o": 1371, "f": 1282, "j": null, "on": "ワイ", "kun": "まかな.う", "m": "bribe; board; supply; finance", "pm": "bribe", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "有", "nj": "ユウ", "ne": "possess"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; possess; by one’s side; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "bribe", "hs": "To the left we have the primitive for a <i>shellfish</i> , and to the right the kanji we just learned for <i>possess</i>. Keep the connotation of the last frame for the word <i>possess</i> , and now expand your image of <i>shells</i> to include the ancient value they had as money (a usage that will come in very helpful later on). Now one who is <i>possessed</i> by <i>shells</i> is likely to abandon any higher principles to acquire more and more wealth. These are the easiest ones to <b>bribe</b> with a few extra <i>shells</i>.", "ks": "To <b>bribe</b> someone, money is a necessary possession.", "v": [{"w": "賄賂", "rd": "わいろ", "mn": "bribe; sweetener; douceur", "fr": 17992}, {"w": "賄う", "rd": "まかなう", "mn": "to supply (goods, money, etc.); to cover (costs); to pay; to finance; to maintai", "fr": 19584}, {"w": "収賄", "rd": "しゅうわい", "mn": "accepting a bribe", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "贈収賄", "rd": "ぞうしゅうわい", "mn": "bribery; corruption", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "贈賄", "rd": "ぞうわい", "mn": "giving a bribe; bribery", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "撲", "g": 8, "o": 1372, "f": 1283, "j": null, "on": "ボク", "kun": "", "m": "slap; strike; hit; beat; tell; speak", "pm": "slap", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "菐", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "finger; fingers; upside down in a row; husband", "hk": "slap", "hs": "Fingers . . . upside down in a row . . . husbands.", "ks": "After a row husbands take their wives upsides down over the knee and <b>slap</b> them with their fingers on the bottom (if that doesn't get me banned…).", "v": [{"w": "相撲", "rd": "すもう", "mn": "sumo (wrestling)", "fr": 17467}, {"w": "打撲", "rd": "だぼく", "mn": "blow; hit (on the body); beating", "fr": 19304}, {"w": "大相撲", "rd": "おおずもう", "mn": "professional sumo wrestling", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "撲滅", "rd": "ぼくめつ", "mn": "eradication; extermination; destruction; suppression", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "相撲取り", "rd": "すもうとり", "mn": "sumo wrestler; rikishi", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "凍", "g": 8, "o": 1373, "f": 1284, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "こお.る、こご.える、こご.る、い.てる、し.みる", "m": "frozen; congeal; refrigerate", "pm": "frozen", "r": [{"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}, {"c": "東", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "east"}], "hc": "ice; east; tree; wood; sun; day", "hk": "frozen", "hs": "The whole secret to breaking the <i>ice</i> with the <i>East</i> is to peek behind those mysteriously  \" <b>frozen</b> smiles. \"", "ks": "The ice will stay frozen until the sun is visible through the trees.", "v": [{"w": "凍る", "rd": "こおる", "mn": "to freeze; to become frozen; to freeze over", "fr": 5924}, {"w": "凍える", "rd": "こごえる", "mn": "to freeze (of one's body); to be frozen; to become numb (with cold); to be chill", "fr": 11262}, {"w": "冷凍", "rd": "れいとう", "mn": "freezing; cold storage; refrigeration", "fr": 12200}, {"w": "凍結", "rd": "とうけつ", "mn": "freezing (e.g. water)", "fr": 15059}, {"w": "冷凍庫", "rd": "れいとうこ", "mn": "freezer", "fr": 21847}, {"w": "冷凍食品", "rd": "れいとうしょくひん", "mn": "frozen food", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "凍死", "rd": "とうし", "mn": "death from cold; freezing to death", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "堀", "g": 8, "o": 1374, "f": 1285, "j": null, "on": "クツ", "kun": "ほり", "m": "ditch; moat; canal", "pm": "ditch", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "屈", "nj": "クツ", "ne": "yield"}], "hc": "moat; soil; dirt; ground; yield; flag; exit", "hk": "ditch", "hs": "Soil . . . yield.", "ks": "(See [dig](../v4/1061.html) (#1061 掘)). When <i>soil</i> finally <i>yielded</i> thanks to your digging efforts, what you have is a <b>ditch</b>.", "v": [{"w": "堀", "rd": "ほり", "mn": "moat; fosse", "fr": 19346}, {"w": "内堀", "rd": "うちぼり", "mn": "inner moat; moat within the castle walls", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "堀川", "rd": "ほりかわ", "mn": "canal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "堀江", "rd": "ほりえ", "mn": "canal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "外堀", "rd": "そとぼり", "mn": "outer moat (of a castle)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "釣り堀", "rd": "つりぼり", "mn": "fish pond (artificially stocked); fishing pond", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "菊", "g": 8, "o": 1375, "f": 1287, "j": null, "on": "キク", "kun": "", "m": "chrysanthemum", "pm": "chrysanthemum", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "匊", "nj": "キク", "ne": "handful"}], "hc": "flowers; rice cooker; bound up; rice", "hk": "chrysanthemum", "hs": "Flower . . . bound up . . . rice.", "ks": "<b>Chrysanthemum</b> <i>flower</i> consists of many tiny petals, just like many <i>rice</i> grains <i>bound up</i> together.", "v": [{"w": "菊", "rd": "きく", "mn": "chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)", "fr": 19263}, {"w": "白菊", "rd": "しらぎく", "mn": "white chrysanthemum", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "絞", "g": 8, "o": 1376, "f": 1288, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "しぼ.る、し.める、し.まる", "m": "strangle; constrict; wring", "pm": "strangle", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "交", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "mingle"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; mingle; top hat; father", "hk": "strangle", "hs": "Thread . . . mingle.", "ks": "Spiderman hates going to parties and having to mingle. He wants to <b>strangle</b> someone after just a little small talk.", "v": [{"w": "絞る", "rd": "しぼる", "mn": "to wring (towel, rag); to squeeze", "fr": 3461}, {"w": "絞める", "rd": "しめる", "mn": "to strangle; to constrict", "fr": 13496}, {"w": "絞り込む", "rd": "しぼりこむ", "mn": "to squeeze; to wring out", "fr": 16993}, {"w": "お絞り", "rd": "おしぼり", "mn": "wet towel (supplied at table); hot, moistened hand towel", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "絞り", "rd": "しぼり", "mn": "shibori; tie-dye; tie-dyeing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "絞殺", "rd": "こうさつ", "mn": "strangling (to death); strangulation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "絞首刑", "rd": "こうしゅけい", "mn": "death by hanging; execution by hanging", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "煙", "g": 8, "o": 1377, "f": 1290, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "けむ.る、けむり、けむ.い", "m": "smoke", "pm": "smoke", "r": [{"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}, {"c": "垔", "nj": "シュ", "ne": "to restrain"}], "hc": "hearth fire; old west; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "smoke", "hs": "Hearth . . . Old West . . . ground.", "ks": "In the <i>Old West</i> , they used to light <i>fires</i> in the <i>ground</i> to make <b>smoke</b> signals.", "v": [{"w": "煙", "rd": "けむり", "mn": "smoke; fumes", "fr": 3426}, {"w": "煙草", "rd": "たばこ", "mn": "tobacco; cigarette; cigar", "fr": 14075}, {"w": "禁煙", "rd": "きんえん", "mn": "abstaining from smoking; quitting smoking", "fr": 20667}, {"w": "煙たい", "rd": "けむたい", "mn": "smoky", "fr": 23182}, {"w": "煙突", "rd": "えんとつ", "mn": "chimney; smokestack; funnel (of a ship); stovepipe", "fr": 24357}, {"w": "煙い", "rd": "けむい", "mn": "smoky", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "煙る", "rd": "けむる", "mn": "to smoke (e.g. fire); to billow smoke; to smoulder; to smolder", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "喫煙", "rd": "きつえん", "mn": "smoking (tobacco)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "噴煙", "rd": "ふんえん", "mn": "(eruption of) smoke", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "発煙", "rd": "はつえん", "mn": "emitting smoke; fuming", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "発煙筒", "rd": "はつえんとう", "mn": "smoke bomb; smoke candle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "硝煙", "rd": "しょうえん", "mn": "gunpowder smoke", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "黒煙", "rd": "こくえん", "mn": "black smoke", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 69, "rp": 39, "l": 6, "n": ""}}, {"k": "縁", "g": 8, "o": 1378, "f": 1291, "j": null, "on": "エン、-ネン", "kun": "ふち、ふち.どる、ゆかり、よすが、へり、えにし", "m": "affinity; relation; connection; edge; border; verge; brink", "pm": "affinity", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "彖", "nj": "タン", "ne": "divination"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; broom; sow; pig", "hk": "affinity", "hs": "Thread . . . broom . . . sow.", "ks": "Spiderman has no affinity for a broom hence his house is a pig sty.", "v": [{"w": "縁", "rd": "ふち", "mn": "rim; brim; edge; brink", "fr": 2756}, {"w": "因縁", "rd": "いんねん", "mn": "fate; destiny", "fr": 6887}, {"w": "無縁", "rd": "むえん", "mn": "unrelated; unconnected; irrelevant; indifferent; divorced from; having nothing t", "fr": 7140}, {"w": "縁談", "rd": "えんだん", "mn": "marriage proposal; marriage talks", "fr": 18443}, {"w": "縁側", "rd": "えんがわ", "mn": "engawa", "fr": 19133}, {"w": "血縁", "rd": "けつえん", "mn": "blood relationship; consanguinity", "fr": 19279}, {"w": "縁起", "rd": "えんぎ", "mn": "omen; sign of luck", "fr": 20792}, {"w": "絶縁", "rd": "ぜつえん", "mn": "breaking off relations (with); severing one's connections (with); breaking with ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "額縁", "rd": "がくぶち", "mn": "(picture) frame", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "唯", "g": 8, "o": 1379, "f": 1292, "j": null, "on": "ユイ、イ", "kun": "ただ", "m": "solely; only; merely; simply", "pm": "solely", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "mouth; turkey", "hk": "solely", "hs": "Mouth . . . turkey.", "ks": "Sadly my mouth gets to taste turkey solely on Christmas Day.", "v": [{"w": "唯一", "rd": "ゆいいつ", "mn": "only; sole; unique", "fr": 1443}, {"w": "唯", "rd": "ただ", "mn": "ordinary; common; usual", "fr": 18851}, {"w": "唯物論", "rd": "ゆいぶつろん", "mn": "materialism", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "膨", "g": 8, "o": 1380, "f": 1293, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "ふく.らむ、ふく.れる", "m": "swell; get fat; thick", "pm": "swell", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "彭", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "swelling"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; drum; samurai; beans; table; one; mouth; shape", "hk": "swell", "hs": "<i>Part of the body</i> . . . <i>drum</i> . . . <i>shape</i>. Compare <i>expand</i> (Frame 1199).", "ks": "An injured <i>body part</i> may <b>swell</b>. It will begin to throb like a bass <i>drum</i> and will change <i>shape</i>.", "v": [{"w": "膨らむ", "rd": "ふくらむ", "mn": "to expand; to swell (out); to get big; to become inflated", "fr": 3512}, {"w": "膨大", "rd": "ぼうだい", "mn": "huge; vast; enormous; colossal; extensive; large", "fr": 6298}, {"w": "膨れる", "rd": "ふくれる", "mn": "to swell (out); to expand; to be inflated; to distend; to bulge", "fr": 9690}, {"w": "膨張", "rd": "ぼうちょう", "mn": "expansion; swelling; increase; growth", "fr": 11840}, {"w": "膨らます", "rd": "ふくらます", "mn": "to swell; to expand; to inflate; to bulge", "fr": 15721}], "p": null}, {"k": "耐", "g": 8, "o": 1381, "f": 1295, "j": null, "on": "タイ", "kun": "た.える", "m": "-proof; enduring", "pm": "-proof", "r": [{"c": "而", "nj": "しこうして", "ne": "and also"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "comb; glue", "hk": "-proof", "hs": "The key word is a suffix used to indicate \"safe from\" or \"protected against,\" as in the words rust <b>proof</b> , water <b>proof</b> , and fire <b>proof</b>. It is composed of: <i>comb</i> . . . <i>glue</i>.", "ks": "Glue your hair together and it will be comb -proof.", "v": [{"w": "耐える", "rd": "たえる", "mn": "to bear; to stand; to endure; to put up with", "fr": 1099}, {"w": "耐性", "rd": "たいせい", "mn": "resistance (to heat, corrosion, etc.); tolerance (to a drug, pain, etc.)", "fr": 9563}, {"w": "忍耐", "rd": "にんたい", "mn": "endurance; perseverance; patience", "fr": 21333}, {"w": "耐久", "rd": "たいきゅう", "mn": "endurance; persistence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "耐久性", "rd": "たいきゅうせい", "mn": "durability", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "耐火", "rd": "たいか", "mn": "fireproof", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "耐熱", "rd": "たいねつ", "mn": "heat-resisting", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "恋", "g": 8, "o": 1382, "f": 1296, "j": null, "on": "レン", "kun": "こ.う、こい、こい.しい", "m": "romance; in love; yearn for; miss; darling", "pm": "romance", "r": [{"c": "亦", "nj": "エキ", "ne": "also"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "apple; heart", "hk": "romance", "hs": "Apple . . . heart.", "ks": "You're the apple of my heart!", "v": [{"w": "恋", "rd": "こい", "mn": "(romantic) love", "fr": 1347}, {"w": "恋人", "rd": "こいびと", "mn": "lover; sweetheart; boyfriend; girlfriend", "fr": 1440}, {"w": "恋愛", "rd": "れんあい", "mn": "love; romance; tender passion; emotion; affections", "fr": 2185}, {"w": "恋する", "rd": "こいする", "mn": "to fall in love (with); to love", "fr": 5877}, {"w": "恋しい", "rd": "こいしい", "mn": "yearned for; longed for; missed", "fr": 6442}, {"w": "初恋", "rd": "はつこい", "mn": "first love; puppy love", "fr": 6752}, {"w": "失恋", "rd": "しつれん", "mn": "disappointed love; broken heart; unrequited love; being lovelorn", "fr": 8912}, {"w": "恋心", "rd": "こいごころ", "mn": "(feelings of) love", "fr": 10386}, {"w": "恋文", "rd": "こいぶみ", "mn": "love letter", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "悲恋", "rd": "ひれん", "mn": "blighted love; disappointed love", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "塾", "g": 8, "o": 1383, "f": 1297, "j": null, "on": "ジュク", "kun": "", "m": "cram school; private school", "pm": "cram school", "r": [{"c": "孰", "nj": "ジュク", "ne": "which"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "receive; tall; top hat; mouth; child; children; round; nine; baseball; drop; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "cram school", "hs": "<b>Cram schools</b> are after-hours educational institutions where kids can do concentrated preparing for their coming entrance examinations or drill what they missed during regular class hours. The exception are the <i>tall children</i> who are out on the school <i>grounds</i> practicing sports, and the <i>fat</i> ones who are out there burning off calories. So this character depicts those who do NOT go to the <b>cram schools</b> , rather than those who do.", "ks": "In cram schools tall kids treat the round ones like dirt.", "v": [{"w": "塾", "rd": "じゅく", "mn": "cram school; private tutoring school; juku", "fr": 8337}, {"w": "塾生", "rd": "じゅくせい", "mn": "cram school student; student of a private-tutoring school", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塾長", "rd": "じゅくちょう", "mn": "principal of a private school", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "私塾", "rd": "しじゅく", "mn": "small private school (esp. for cramming)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "漏", "g": 8, "o": 1384, "f": 1298, "j": null, "on": "ロウ", "kun": "も.る、も.れる、も.らす", "m": "leak; escape; time", "pm": "leak", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; flag; rain; weather", "hk": "leak", "hs": "Water . . . flag . . . rain.", "ks": "Mark the holes where rain water can leak through with little flags.", "v": [{"w": "漏れる", "rd": "もれる", "mn": "to leak out; to escape; to come through; to shine through; to filter out", "fr": 2493}, {"w": "漏らす", "rd": "もらす", "mn": "to let leak; to let out (e.g. light)", "fr": 3172}, {"w": "漏る", "rd": "もる", "mn": "to leak; to run out", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "漏洩", "rd": "ろうえい", "mn": "leak (of secrets, information, etc.); disclosure; divulging", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雨漏り", "rd": "あまもり", "mn": "roof leak", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "慶", "g": 8, "o": 1385, "f": 1300, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "よろこ.び", "m": "jubilation; congratulate; rejoice; be happy", "pm": "jubilation", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "夂", "nj": "のまた", "ne": "to follow"}], "hc": "deer; cave; antlers; crown; heart; walking legs", "hk": "jubilation", "hs": "<i>Deer</i> . . . <i>crown</i> (note the doubling up) . . . <i>heart</i> . . . <i>walking legs</i>. You may recall that we met the relative primitives at the bottom here before, in the kanji for <i>melancholy</i> (Frame 663).", "ks": "Bambi was melancholy at the death of his mother, but is now in jubilation as he's made friends with thumper.", "v": [{"w": "国慶節", "rd": "こっけいせつ", "mn": "anniversary of founding (of PRC); national celebration time", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弁慶", "rd": "べんけい", "mn": "strong person; person putting on a brave front", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慶事", "rd": "けいじ", "mn": "happy event; auspicious event; matter for congratulation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慶弔", "rd": "けいちょう", "mn": "congratulations and condolences", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慶祝", "rd": "けいしゅく", "mn": "congratulation; celebration", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "猛", "g": 8, "o": 1386, "f": 1301, "j": null, "on": "モウ", "kun": "", "m": "fierce; rave; rush; become furious; wildness; strength", "pm": "fierce", "r": [{"c": "犭", "nj": "けものへん", "ne": "beast"}, {"c": "孟", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "chief"}], "hc": "pack of wild dogs; child; dish", "hk": "fierce", "hs": "Wild dogs . . . child . . . dish.", "ks": "The <b>fierce</b> WILD DOG attacked the CHILD who came near his feeding DISH.", "v": [{"w": "猛烈", "rd": "もうれつ", "mn": "fierce; intense; severe; violent; strong; vehement; terrific; terrible", "fr": 6601}, {"w": "猛獣", "rd": "もうじゅう", "mn": "fierce animal; beast of prey; big game", "fr": 13998}, {"w": "猛攻", "rd": "もうこう", "mn": "fierce attack", "fr": 18539}, {"w": "猛威", "rd": "もうい", "mn": "fury; power; menace", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "猛打", "rd": "もうだ", "mn": "heavy blow; heavy hit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "猛暑", "rd": "もうしょ", "mn": "heat wave; fierce heat", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "芳", "g": 8, "o": 1387, "f": 1302, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "かんば.しい", "m": "perfume; balmy; favorable; fragrant", "pm": "perfume", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}], "hc": "perfume; flowers; compass; direction", "hk": "perfumed", "hs": "Here we see a special <i>compass</i> used to pick out those <i>flowers</i> most suited for making good <b>perfumes</b>.", "ks": "A flowery scent spreading in all directions is perfume.", "v": [{"w": "芳しい", "rd": "かんばしい", "mn": "sweet-smelling; fragrant; aromatic", "fr": 15275}, {"w": "芳香", "rd": "ほうこう", "mn": "perfume; fragrance; aroma; balm; sweet scent", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "懲", "g": 8, "o": 1388, "f": 1303, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "こ.りる、こ.らす、こ.らしめる", "m": "penal; chastise; punish; discipline", "pm": "penal", "r": [{"c": "徴", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "indications"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "indications; sherpa; Nelson; column; going; line; mountain; king; jewel; ball; taskmaster; heart", "hk": "penal", "hs": "Indications . . . heart.", "ks": "Judge: You will serve a penal sentence until indications show you have a heart.", "v": [{"w": "懲りる", "rd": "こりる", "mn": "to learn by experience; to learn one's lesson; to learn the hard way", "fr": 6508}, {"w": "懲役", "rd": "ちょうえき", "mn": "penal servitude; imprisonment with hard labor (hard labour)", "fr": 20964}, {"w": "懲罰", "rd": "ちょうばつ", "mn": "discipline; punishment; reprimand", "fr": 23500}, {"w": "勧善懲悪", "rd": "かんぜんちょうあく", "mn": "rewarding good and punishing evil; poetic justice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "懲戒", "rd": "ちょうかい", "mn": "discipline; punishment; reprimand", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "郊", "g": 8, "o": 1389, "f": 1304, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "", "m": "outskirts; suburbs; rural area", "pm": "outskirts", "r": [{"c": "交", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "mingle"}, {"c": "邑", "nj": "おおざと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "mingle; top hat; father; city walls", "hk": "outskirts", "hs": "Mingle . . . city walls.", "ks": "The country folk and and the city folk mingle at the <b>outskirts</b> of town, just past the city walls.", "v": [{"w": "郊外", "rd": "こうがい", "mn": "suburb; residential area on the outskirt of a city; commuter belt", "fr": 11955}, {"w": "近郊", "rd": "きんこう", "mn": "outskirts; environs (of a city); surrounding area; surroundings", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "剣", "g": 8, "o": 1390, "f": 1305, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "つるぎ", "m": "sabre; sword; blade; clock hand", "pm": "sabre", "r": [{"c": "㑒", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "sabre; awl; fit; meeting; umbrella; mouth; person; sword; sabre", "hk": "saber", "hs": "<i>Awl</i> . . . <i>saber</i>. As we promised way back in frame 87, here at last is the kanji on which the primitive element of the same name is based.", "ks": "If it helps, make the awl primitive <b>ice pick</b> instead. They're basically the same thing. This kanji is an easy David vs. Goliath story of the <b>icepick</b> vs. the <i>saber</i> …", "v": [{"w": "真剣", "rd": "しんけん", "mn": "serious; earnest", "fr": 1575}, {"w": "剣", "rd": "けん", "mn": "sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade", "fr": 2575}, {"w": "剣士", "rd": "けんし", "mn": "swordsman; swordswoman; fencer", "fr": 12640}, {"w": "剣道", "rd": "けんどう", "mn": "kendo", "fr": 16338}, {"w": "刀剣", "rd": "とうけん", "mn": "sword; dagger; knife; bayonet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "剣劇", "rd": "けんげき", "mn": "sword play; samurai drama", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "腰", "g": 8, "o": 1391, "f": 1306, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "こし", "m": "loins; hips; waist; low wainscoting", "pm": "loins", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "要", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "need"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; need; old west; woman", "hk": "loins", "hs": "Part of the body . . . need.", "ks": "My loins ache! They need some flesh!", "v": [{"w": "腰", "rd": "こし", "mn": "lower back; waist; hips; lumbar region", "fr": 1451}, {"w": "腰掛ける", "rd": "こしかける", "mn": "to sit (down)", "fr": 7925}, {"w": "足腰", "rd": "あしこし", "mn": "legs and loins; lower body", "fr": 13621}, {"w": "物腰", "rd": "ものごし", "mn": "manner; demeanour; demeanor; bearing", "fr": 14862}, {"w": "腰掛け", "rd": "こしかけ", "mn": "seat; bench", "fr": 24220}, {"w": "弱腰", "rd": "よわごし", "mn": "weak attitude", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "本腰", "rd": "ほんごし", "mn": "strenuous effort; earnestness; seriousness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "腰痛", "rd": "ようつう", "mn": "lower back pain; lumbago", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "腰部", "rd": "ようぶ", "mn": "loins; hips; pelvic region; waist", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "踊", "g": 8, "o": 1392, "f": 1308, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "おど.る", "m": "jump; dance; leap; skip", "pm": "jump", "r": [{"c": "足", "nj": "あし", "ne": "foot"}, {"c": "甬", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "road with walls on both sides"}], "hc": "wooden leg; mouth; stop; footprint; pogo stick; chop-seal; hanko; utilise; utilize", "hk": "jump", "hs": "Wooden leg . . . chop-seal . . . utilize.", "ks": "The winner of the long <b>jump</b> competition was disqualified when they found he used a <i>pogo stick</i> tied to his <i>leg</i> to <b>jump</b> further.", "v": [{"w": "踊る", "rd": "おどる", "mn": "to dance (orig. a hopping dance)", "fr": 2112}, {"w": "踊り", "rd": "おどり", "mn": "dance", "fr": 7739}, {"w": "踊り場", "rd": "おどりば", "mn": "place for dancing; dance floor", "fr": 19992}, {"w": "盆踊り", "rd": "ぼんおどり", "mn": "Bon Festival dance; Lantern Festival dance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "舞踊", "rd": "ぶよう", "mn": "dancing; dance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "踊り子", "rd": "おどりこ", "mn": "dancer (usu. female)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "彰", "g": 8, "o": 1393, "f": 1310, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "", "m": "patent; clear", "pm": "patent", "r": [{"c": "章", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "badge"}, {"c": "彡", "nj": "さんづくり", "ne": "hair-style"}], "hc": "badge; vase; stand up; sunflower; early; sun; day; ten; needle; shape", "hk": "patent", "hs": "<i>Badge</i> . . . <i>shape</i>. The key word is synonymous with  \"clear\" or \"openly expressed.\"", "ks": "The <i>shape</i> of a sheriff's <i>badge</i> makes it <b>patent</b> who he is.", "v": [{"w": "表彰", "rd": "ひょうしょう", "mn": "(official) commendation; public recognition (of someone's achievements, good dee", "fr": 23128}, {"w": "表彰状", "rd": "ひょうしょうじょう", "mn": "testimonial; certificate of commendation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "顕彰", "rd": "けんしょう", "mn": "honouring (publicly); honoring; making someone's good deeds or achievements well", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "棋", "g": 8, "o": 1394, "f": 1311, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "ご", "m": "chess piece; Japanese chess; shogi", "pm": "chess piece", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "其", "nj": "キ", "ne": "that"}], "hc": "tree; wood; bushel basket; hamper; animal legs; eight", "hk": "chess piece", "hs": "Tree . . . bushel basket.", "ks": "<b>Chess piece</b> = <i>wooden rook</i>.", "v": [{"w": "将棋", "rd": "しょうぎ", "mn": "shogi; Japanese chess", "fr": 13542}, {"w": "将棋倒し", "rd": "しょうぎだおし", "mn": "falling down one after another (like dominoes)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "棋士", "rd": "きし", "mn": "professional shogi player; professional go player", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "棋聖", "rd": "きせい", "mn": "great master of go; great master of shogi", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "棋譜", "rd": "きふ", "mn": "record of a game of go, shogi, chess, etc.", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "棋院", "rd": "きいん", "mn": "go institution; go club; go hall", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "恒", "g": 8, "o": 1395, "f": 1314, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "つね、つねに", "m": "constancy; always", "pm": "constancy", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "亘", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "span"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; span; one; ceiling; sun; day; one; floor; one", "hk": "constancy", "hs": "State of mind . . . span.", "ks": "<b>Constancy</b> is holding the same <i>state of mind</i> over a long <i>span</i> of time. (tweaking PepeSeco and mspertus).", "v": [{"w": "恒例", "rd": "こうれい", "mn": "established practice; custom", "fr": 10735}, {"w": "恒久", "rd": "こうきゅう", "mn": "permanence; perpetuity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "恒常", "rd": "こうじょう", "mn": "constancy; permanence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "恒星", "rd": "こうせい", "mn": "star", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "眠", "g": 8, "o": 1396, "f": 1315, "j": null, "on": "ミン", "kun": "ねむ.る、ねむ.い", "m": "sleep; die; sleepy", "pm": "sleep", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}, {"c": "民", "nj": "ミン", "ne": "people"}], "hc": "eye; people; mouth; family name", "hk": "sleep", "hs": "Eyes . . . people.", "ks": "People need to close their eyes and sleep.", "v": [{"w": "眠る", "rd": "ねむる", "mn": "to sleep", "fr": 886}, {"w": "眠い", "rd": "ねむい", "mn": "sleepy; drowsy; somnolent", "fr": 2351}, {"w": "眠り", "rd": "ねむり", "mn": "sleep; sleeping", "fr": 5052}, {"w": "睡眠", "rd": "すいみん", "mn": "sleep", "fr": 6739}, {"w": "眠気", "rd": "ねむけ", "mn": "sleepiness; drowsiness", "fr": 6956}, {"w": "居眠り", "rd": "いねむり", "mn": "nodding off (while sitting); dozing", "fr": 9214}, {"w": "眠たい", "rd": "ねむたい", "mn": "sleepy; drowsy", "fr": 11292}, {"w": "催眠", "rd": "さいみん", "mn": "hypnosis", "fr": 18794}, {"w": "安眠", "rd": "あんみん", "mn": "sound sleep; good sleep; quiet sleep", "fr": 22122}, {"w": "冬眠", "rd": "とうみん", "mn": "hibernation; winter sleep; brumation; torpor", "fr": 23246}, {"w": "不眠", "rd": "ふみん", "mn": "sleeplessness; insomnia; wakefulness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "不眠症", "rd": "ふみんしょう", "mn": "sleeplessness; insomnia; wakefulness", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 68, "rp": 23, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "揚", "g": 8, "o": 1397, "f": 1316, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "あ.げる、-あ.げ、あ.がる", "m": "raise; elevate; hoist; praise; extol; fry in deep fat", "pm": "raise", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "昜", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "open"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; piggy bank; sun; day; piglets", "hk": "hoist", "hs": "Fingers . . . piggy bank.", "ks": "My piggy bank is so heavy that I cannot <b>HOIST</b> it using just my fingers.", "v": [{"w": "高揚", "rd": "こうよう", "mn": "elevation (of spirits); raising (of morale); uplift; upsurge", "fr": 10249}, {"w": "抑揚", "rd": "よくよう", "mn": "intonation; accent; modulation; inflection", "fr": 24309}, {"w": "揚げ", "rd": "あげ", "mn": "deep-frying; deep-fried food", "fr": 24567}, {"w": "引揚者", "rd": "ひきあげしゃ", "mn": "returnee (esp. Japanese person repatriated to Japan proper from its former colon", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "掲揚", "rd": "けいよう", "mn": "hoisting (e.g. a flag); raising; flying; putting up", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旗揚げ", "rd": "はたあげ", "mn": "raising an army", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "水揚げ", "rd": "みずあげ", "mn": "landing; unloading (e.g. a ship)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浮揚", "rd": "ふよう", "mn": "floating (e.g. in air, water); floatation; buoyancy; buoying up (e.g. economy)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "荷揚げ", "rd": "にあげ", "mn": "unloading; landing", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "冒", "g": 8, "o": 1398, "f": 1317, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "おか.す", "m": "risk; face; defy; dare; damage; assume (a name)", "pm": "risk", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}], "hc": "sun; day; eye", "hk": "risk", "hs": "Remember when you were young and your mother told you never to look directly into the <i>sun</i> for fear you might burn out your <i>eyes</i>? Probably you were foolish enough to <b>risk</b> a quick glance once or twice, but just as probably, you passed that bit of folk wisdom on to someone else as you grew older. Here, too, the kanji that has a <i>sun</i> above and an <i>eye</i> right below looking up at it has the meaning of <b>risk</b> (see frame 12).", "ks": "Don't look at the sun directly with your eyes, it's <b>risk</b> y!", "v": [{"w": "冒険", "rd": "ぼうけん", "mn": "adventure; venture", "fr": 4831}, {"w": "冒す", "rd": "おかす", "mn": "to brave; to risk; to face; to venture", "fr": 13016}, {"w": "冒頭", "rd": "ぼうとう", "mn": "beginning; opening; start; outset", "fr": 15030}], "p": null}, {"k": "曽", "g": 8, "o": 1399, "f": 1320, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、ソ、ゾウ", "kun": "かつ、かつて、すなわち", "m": "formerly; once; before; ever; never; ex-", "pm": "formerly", "r": [{"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}, {"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "increase; horns; rice field; brains; sun; day", "hk": "formerly", "hs": "This primitive (named for its associations with the kanji of the following frame) is composed of a pair of <i>horns</i> growing out of a <i>brain</i> with a <i>tongue wagging in the mouth</i> beneath. Think of  \" <b>former</b> \" in connection with administrators or heads of state who have just left office but continue to make a nuisance of themselves by advertising their opinions on public policy.", "ks": "The Artist <b>formerly</b> Known as Prince has the <i>horniest</i> <i>brain</i> around, and I think you can imagine what his <i>wagging tongue</i> is doing…", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "倫", "g": 8, "o": 1400, "f": 1322, "j": null, "on": "リン", "kun": "", "m": "ethics; companion", "pm": "ethics", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "侖", "nj": "リン", "ne": "think"}], "hc": "person; post-it note; meeting; scrapbook; glass canopy; hood; flowers", "hk": "ethics", "hs": "Person . . . meeting . . . scrapbook.", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> talks about <b>ethics</b> at the <i>academic conference</i>. \"I pity the fool who gets caught plagarizing someone else's stuff!\".", "v": [{"w": "不倫", "rd": "ふりん", "mn": "adultery; impropriety; (an) affair; immorality", "fr": 8410}, {"w": "倫理", "rd": "りんり", "mn": "ethics; morals", "fr": 15648}, {"w": "倫理学", "rd": "りんりがく", "mn": "ethics; moral philosophy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "倫理的", "rd": "りんりてき", "mn": "ethical", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "陳", "g": 8, "o": 1401, "f": 1323, "j": null, "on": "チン", "kun": "ひ.ねる", "m": "exhibit; state; relate; explain", "pm": "exhibit", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "東", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "east"}], "hc": "exhibit; pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; east; tree; wood; sun; day", "hk": "line up", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . east.", "ks": "Every morning at <i>The Pinnacle</i> , the residents <b>line up</b> on the <i>East</i> side for morning stretches and leisure.", "v": [{"w": "陳腐", "rd": "ちんぷ", "mn": "stale; hackneyed; clichéd", "fr": 18936}, {"w": "陳列", "rd": "ちんれつ", "mn": "exhibition; display; putting on show", "fr": 24240}, {"w": "新陳代謝", "rd": "しんちんたいしゃ", "mn": "renewal; replacement; regeneration; rejuvenation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陳情", "rd": "ちんじょう", "mn": "petition; appeal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陳謝", "rd": "ちんしゃ", "mn": "apology", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陳述", "rd": "ちんじゅつ", "mn": "statement; declaration", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "憶", "g": 8, "o": 1402, "f": 1324, "j": null, "on": "オク", "kun": "", "m": "recollection; think; remember", "pm": "recollection", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "意", "nj": "イ", "ne": "idea"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; idea; sound; vase; stand up; sun; day; heart", "hk": "recollection", "hs": "State of mind . . . idea.", "ks": "<b>Recollection</b> is about bringing ideas back to your mind.", "v": [{"w": "記憶", "rd": "きおく", "mn": "memory; recollection; remembrance", "fr": 858}, {"w": "憶測", "rd": "おくそく", "mn": "guess; speculation; supposition", "fr": 11620}], "p": null}, {"k": "怖", "g": 8, "o": 1403, "f": 1325, "j": null, "on": "フ、ホ", "kun": "こわ.い、こわ.がる、お.じる、おそ.れる", "m": "dreadful; be frightened; fearful", "pm": "dreadful", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "布", "nj": "フ", "ne": "linen"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; linen; by one’s side; towel", "hk": "dreadful", "hs": "State of mind . . . linen.", "ks": "Someone in a <b>dreadful</b> <i>state of mind</i> has crawled into his bed and is hiding under the sheets ( <i>linens</i> ).", "v": [{"w": "怖い", "rd": "こわい", "mn": "scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful", "fr": 263}, {"w": "恐怖", "rd": "きょうふ", "mn": "fear; dread; dismay; terror; horror; scare; panic", "fr": 1805}, {"w": "怖がる", "rd": "こわがる", "mn": "to be afraid (of); to fear; to be frightened (of); to be scared (of); to worry (", "fr": 7378}, {"w": "恐怖症", "rd": "きょうふしょう", "mn": "phobia; morbid fear", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 85, "rp": 21, "l": 2, "n": "怖い 市民"}}, {"k": "潜", "g": 8, "o": 1404, "f": 1329, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "ひそ.む、もぐ.る、かく.れる、くぐ.る、ひそ.める", "m": "submerge; conceal; hide; lower (voice); hush", "pm": "submerge", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "替", "nj": "タイ", "ne": "exchange"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; exchange; husband; sun; day; tongue wagging", "hk": "submerge", "hs": "Water . . . exchange.", "ks": "When you exchange places with water you become submerge d.", "v": [{"w": "潜む", "rd": "ひそむ", "mn": "to lurk; to be hidden; to be concealed; to lie dormant; to be latent", "fr": 4010}, {"w": "潜る", "rd": "くぐる", "mn": "to go under; to pass under; to go through; to pass through", "fr": 5196}, {"w": "潜入", "rd": "せんにゅう", "mn": "infiltration; sneaking in; going undercover", "fr": 5671}, {"w": "潜伏", "rd": "せんぷく", "mn": "concealment; hiding; ambush", "fr": 10843}, {"w": "潜水", "rd": "せんすい", "mn": "diving; submerging; going underwater", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "原潜", "rd": "げんせん", "mn": "nuclear submarine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "潜在", "rd": "せんざい", "mn": "potentiality; dormancy; latency", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "潜水艦", "rd": "せんすいかん", "mn": "submarine", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "珍", "g": 8, "o": 1405, "f": 1330, "j": null, "on": "チン", "kun": "めずら.しい、たから", "m": "rare; curious; strange", "pm": "rare", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "彡", "nj": "さんづくり", "ne": "hair-style"}], "hc": "king; jewel; ball; parasol; umbrella; shape", "hk": "rare", "hs": "Jewel . . . umbrella . . . shape.", "ks": "The king has a really <b>rare</b> umbrella, it can change shape.", "v": [{"w": "珍しい", "rd": "めずらしい", "mn": "rare; uncommon; unusual; curious", "fr": 721}, {"w": "珍", "rd": "ちん", "mn": "rare", "fr": 23363}, {"w": "珍味", "rd": "ちんみ", "mn": "delicacy; dainties", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "珍品", "rd": "ちんぴん", "mn": "curio; rare article", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "珍重", "rd": "ちんちょう", "mn": "prizing; valuing highly; esteeming", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "克", "g": 8, "o": 1406, "f": 1333, "j": null, "on": "コク", "kun": "か.つ", "m": "overcome; kindly; skillfully", "pm": "overcome", "r": [{"c": "古", "nj": "コ", "ne": "old"}, {"c": "兄", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "elder brother"}], "hc": "ten; needle; elder brother; teenager; mouth; human legs", "hk": "overcome", "hs": "In this frame we get a chance to use the kanji we just learned in its primitive meaning of <i>teenager</i>. The <i>needle</i> on top indicates one of the major problems confronting the <i>teenager</i> growing up in today's world: drugs. Many of them will fall under the shadow of the <i>needle</i> at some time during those tender years, but only when a whole generation rises up and decides that \"We Shall <b>Overcome</b> \" the plague, will the <i>needle</i> cease to hangover their heads, as it does in this character.", "ks": "Ten elder brothers can <b>overcome</b> anything.", "v": [{"w": "克服", "rd": "こくふく", "mn": "conquest (of a difficulty, illness, crisis, etc.); overcoming; surmounting; brin", "fr": 6782}, {"w": "克明", "rd": "こくめい", "mn": "detailed; scrupulous; careful; minute; faithful; elaborate", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "岳", "g": 8, "o": 1407, "f": 1334, "j": null, "on": "ガク", "kun": "たけ", "m": "point; peak; mountain", "pm": "point", "r": [{"c": "丘", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}], "hc": "point; hill; axe; one; floor; mountain", "hk": "Point", "hs": "Think of the key word as referring to proper names of mountains, but do not confuse with <i>mountain pass</i> (Frame 835). The elements are: <i>hill</i> . . . <i>mountain</i>.", "ks": "A <b>point</b> is a extra little <i>hill</i> at the top of a <i>mountain</i>. We'll call it 'Fireman's <b>Point</b> '.", "v": [{"w": "山岳", "rd": "さんがく", "mn": "mountain chain; mountains", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "岳", "rd": "たけ", "mn": "(high) mountain; Mount; Mt.", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "概", "g": 8, "o": 1408, "f": 1335, "j": null, "on": "ガイ", "kun": "おおむ.ね", "m": "outline; condition; approximation; generally", "pm": "outline", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "既", "nj": "キ", "ne": "previously"}], "hc": "roots; tree; wood; silver; waitress; previously", "hk": "outline", "hs": "<i>Roots</i> . . . <i>waitress</i>. Note that the kanji meaning of the two primitives to the right is not used here because we shall later meet a primitive meaning <i>beforehand</i> and want to preempt any confusion. The same holds true in the following frame.", "ks": "A murder has been commited. A corpse was found under a <i>tree</i>. The police chalks the <b>outline</b> of the victim, an old <i>silvered</i> -haired <i>waitress</i> working at a restaurant nearby.", "v": [{"w": "概念", "rd": "がいねん", "mn": "general idea; concept; notion", "fr": 6231}, {"w": "大概", "rd": "たいがい", "mn": "generally; mainly; usually; normally; mostly; for the most part", "fr": 8669}, {"w": "概要", "rd": "がいよう", "mn": "outline; summary; overview; synopsis; abstract; abridgment; abridgement", "fr": 13344}, {"w": "気概", "rd": "きがい", "mn": "strong spirit; mettle; backbone; guts; fighting spirit", "fr": 14871}, {"w": "一概に", "rd": "いちがいに", "mn": "unconditionally; as a rule", "fr": 23885}, {"w": "概略", "rd": "がいりゃく", "mn": "outline; summary; gist; in brief", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "概論", "rd": "がいろん", "mn": "introduction; outline; general remarks", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "新概念", "rd": "しんがいねん", "mn": "new concept", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "概況", "rd": "がいきょう", "mn": "outlook; general situation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "概算", "rd": "がいさん", "mn": "approximation; rough estimate; ballpark figure", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "拘", "g": 8, "o": 1409, "f": 1336, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "かか.わる", "m": "arrest; seize; concerned; adhere to; despite", "pm": "arrest", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "句", "nj": "ク", "ne": "phrase"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; phrase; bound up; mouth", "hk": "arrest", "hs": "Fingers . . . phrase.", "ks": "Giving the police the finger and a colorful phrase is a surefire way to get arrest ed.", "v": [{"w": "拘束", "rd": "こうそく", "mn": "restriction; restraint; binding; constraint", "fr": 4034}, {"w": "にも拘らず", "rd": "にもかかわらず", "mn": "in spite of; despite; although", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "拘留", "rd": "こうりゅう", "mn": "custody; detention; confinement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拘禁", "rd": "こうきん", "mn": "detention; custody; confinement; internment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拘置", "rd": "こうち", "mn": "detention; confinement; arrest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拘置所", "rd": "こうちしょ", "mn": "prison; detention house; detention center; jail", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "黙", "g": 8, "o": 1410, "f": 1338, "j": null, "on": "モク、ボク", "kun": "だま.る、もだ.す", "m": "silence; become silent; stop speaking; leave as is", "pm": "silence", "r": [{"c": "黒", "nj": "くろ", "ne": "black"}, {"c": "犬", "nj": "いぬ", "ne": "dog"}], "hc": "black; computer; chihuahua; dog; large; drop; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "silence", "hs": "Oddly enough, the character for <b>silence</b> shows us a <i>black chihuahua</i>. Actually, the cute little critter's name is Darkness, as I am sure you remember from the famous song about <b>silence</b> that begins,  \"Hello, Darkness, my old friend....\" Note how the four dots reach all the way across the bottom of the character.", "ks": "The <i>computer</i> won't stop beeping, which is making the <i>chihauhua</i> bark, and it's driving this guy insane. The only solution he can come up with is to throw them both on the <i>fire</i> and finally enjoy the <b>silence</b>.", "v": [{"w": "黙る", "rd": "だまる", "mn": "to be silent; to say nothing", "fr": 375}, {"w": "沈黙", "rd": "ちんもく", "mn": "silence; being silent; quiet; hush", "fr": 3428}, {"w": "黙認", "rd": "もくにん", "mn": "tacit approval; tacit permission; connivance; acquiescence; toleration; overlook", "fr": 18350}, {"w": "寡黙", "rd": "かもく", "mn": "untalkative; quiet; taciturn; reticent; uncommunicative", "fr": 21650}, {"w": "暗黙", "rd": "あんもく", "mn": "tacit; unspoken; implicit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "黙殺", "rd": "もくさつ", "mn": "ignoring; disregarding; taking no notice of; refusing to comment on; turning a d", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "須", "g": 8, "o": 1411, "f": 1339, "j": null, "on": "ス、シュ", "kun": "すべから.く、すべし、ひげ、まつ、もち.いる、もと.める", "m": "ought; by all means; necessarily", "pm": "ought", "r": [{"c": "彡", "nj": "さんづくり", "ne": "hair-style"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "shape; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "ought", "hs": "<i>Shape</i> . . . <i>head</i>. This is the only time that <i>shape</i> is placed to the left of its relative element, the <i>head</i>.", "ks": "Why, I <b>OUGHT</b> to RESHAPE your HEAD…", "v": [{"w": "必須", "rd": "ひっす", "mn": "indispensable; essential; requisite; required; compulsory; necessary", "fr": 7994}, {"w": "必須条件", "rd": "ひっすじょうけん", "mn": "essential condition", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "偏", "g": 8, "o": 1412, "f": 1340, "j": null, "on": "ヘン", "kun": "かたよ.る", "m": "partial; side; left-side radical; inclining; biased", "pm": "partial", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "扁", "nj": "ヘン", "ne": "level"}], "hc": "person; fishfinger; door; one; ceiling; flag; scrapbook; glass canopy; hood; flowers", "hk": "partial", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>door</i> . . . <i>scrapbook</i>. The sense of the key-word is that of having a bias or preference for someone or something.", "ks": "Mr. T is very <b>partial</b> to hentai comic books. I know because he dropped a pile of them when I accidentally bumped into him at the door to kinokuniya!", "v": [{"w": "偏見", "rd": "へんけん", "mn": "prejudice; bias; distorted view", "fr": 8219}, {"w": "偏る", "rd": "かたよる", "mn": "to lean (to one side); to incline", "fr": 9770}, {"w": "偏差値", "rd": "へんさち", "mn": "deviation value (usu. scaled to mean of 50, standard deviation of 10, and often ", "fr": 21503}, {"w": "不偏不党", "rd": "ふへんふとう", "mn": "impartiality; neutrality; independence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "偏り", "rd": "かたより", "mn": "deviation; inclination; offset; bias; prejudice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "偏向", "rd": "へんこう", "mn": "propensity; tendency; inclination; deflection", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "偏狭", "rd": "へんきょう", "mn": "narrow-mindedness; intolerance; illiberality; narrowness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "偏重", "rd": "へんちょう", "mn": "attaching too much importance to; placing disproportionate emphasis on; making t", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "偏食", "rd": "へんしょく", "mn": "unbalanced diet", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "雰", "g": 8, "o": 1413, "f": 1341, "j": null, "on": "フン", "kun": "", "m": "atmosphere; fog", "pm": "atmosphere", "r": [{"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}, {"c": "分", "nj": "ブン", "ne": "part"}], "hc": "rain; weather; part", "hk": "atmosphere", "hs": "", "ks": "The rain isn't a bad thing–it provides a part of the romantic atmosphere.", "v": [{"w": "雰囲気", "rd": "ふんいき", "mn": "atmosphere; mood; ambience; ambiance; aura; feel", "fr": 1189}], "p": null}, {"k": "遇", "g": 8, "o": 1414, "f": 1343, "j": null, "on": "グウ", "kun": "あ.う", "m": "meet; encounter; interview; treat; entertain; receive; deal with", "pm": "meet", "r": [{"c": "禺", "nj": "グ", "ne": "long-tailed monkey"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "talking cricket; brains; insect; belt; road", "hk": "interview", "hs": "Talking Cricket . . . road.", "ks": "On the road to my interview I accidentally bump into Jiminy Cricket who gives me some good advice.", "v": [{"w": "遭遇", "rd": "そうぐう", "mn": "encounter; running into; meeting with (e.g. an accident); being confronted with ", "fr": 4076}, {"w": "境遇", "rd": "きょうぐう", "mn": "one's circumstances; environment; situation (in life)", "fr": 7067}, {"w": "待遇", "rd": "たいぐう", "mn": "treatment; reception; service", "fr": 10990}, {"w": "処遇", "rd": "しょぐう", "mn": "treatment (of a person); dealing with", "fr": 15626}, {"w": "優遇", "rd": "ゆうぐう", "mn": "favorable treatment; favourable treatment; hospitality; warm reception; good tre", "fr": 21102}, {"w": "冷遇", "rd": "れいぐう", "mn": "cold reception; inhospitality", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "最優遇", "rd": "さいゆうぐう", "mn": "most favourable treatment; most favorable treatment; very warm reception", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "諮", "g": 8, "o": 1415, "f": 1345, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "はか.る", "m": "consult with", "pm": "consult with", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "咨", "nj": "シ", "ne": "investigate"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; next; ice; lack; yawn; mouth", "hk": "consult with", "hs": "To seek the <i>words</i> of a <i>second mouth</i> is to <b>consult with</b> someone about something.", "ks": "Don't like the words of the first one? Consult with the next mouth available.", "v": [{"w": "諮る", "rd": "はかる", "mn": "to consult with; to discuss; to confer; to deliberate", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "諮問", "rd": "しもん", "mn": "consultation; question; enquiry; inquiry", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "狭", "g": 8, "o": 1416, "f": 1346, "j": null, "on": "キョウ、コウ", "kun": "せま.い、せば.める、せば.まる、さ", "m": "cramped; narrow; contract; tight", "pm": "cramped", "r": [{"c": "犭", "nj": "けものへん", "ne": "beast"}, {"c": "夹", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "pack of wild dogs; scissors; husband; horns", "hk": "cramped", "hs": "Pack of wild dogs . . . scissors.", "ks": "In a <b>CRAMPED</b> space, a brave man holds off PACK OF WILD DOGS with only a pair of SCISSORS.", "v": [{"w": "狭い", "rd": "せまい", "mn": "narrow; confined; small; cramped", "fr": 1581}, {"w": "狭間", "rd": "はざま", "mn": "interval; space; interstice; threshold", "fr": 11617}, {"w": "狭まる", "rd": "せばまる", "mn": "to narrow; to contract", "fr": 15905}, {"w": "狭める", "rd": "せばめる", "mn": "to narrow; to reduce; to contract", "fr": 18578}, {"w": "偏狭", "rd": "へんきょう", "mn": "narrow-mindedness; intolerance; illiberality; narrowness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "狭心症", "rd": "きょうしんしょう", "mn": "angina pectoris", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "喫", "g": 8, "o": 1417, "f": 1347, "j": null, "on": "キツ", "kun": "の.む", "m": "consume; eat; drink; smoke; receive (a blow)", "pm": "consume", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "契", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "pledge"}], "hc": "mouth; pledge; flick knife; grow up; dagger; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "consume", "hs": "Mouth . . . pledge.", "ks": "I make my mouth pledge to consume less.", "v": [{"w": "喫茶店", "rd": "きっさてん", "mn": "coffee shop; tearoom; coffee lounge; coffeehouse; cafe", "fr": 5608}, {"w": "満喫", "rd": "まんきつ", "mn": "having one's fill (of food or drink); eating (drinking) to one's heart's content", "fr": 7698}, {"w": "喫茶", "rd": "きっさ", "mn": "tea drinking", "fr": 18610}, {"w": "喫する", "rd": "きっする", "mn": "to eat; to drink; to smoke; to take", "fr": 23532}, {"w": "喫煙", "rd": "きつえん", "mn": "smoking (tobacco)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "卓", "g": 8, "o": 1418, "f": 1348, "j": null, "on": "タク", "kun": "", "m": "eminent; table; desk; high", "pm": "eminent", "r": [{"c": "卜", "nj": "ぼく", "ne": "oracle"}, {"c": "早", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "early"}], "hc": "magic wand; augury; divinging rod; sunflower; sun; day; ten; needle", "hk": "eminent", "hs": "The word <b>eminent</b> suggests a famous or well-known person. So all you need to do - given the primitives of a <i>magic wand</i> and a <i>sunflower</i>  \\- is to think of the world's most <b>eminent</b> magician as one who uses a <i>sunflower</i> for a <i>magic wand</i> (like a flower-child who goes around turning the world into peace and love).", "ks": "The most <b>eminent</b> magician is he who learned to use his <i>magic wand early</i> in life.", "v": [{"w": "食卓", "rd": "しょくたく", "mn": "dining table", "fr": 8531}, {"w": "卓", "rd": "たく", "mn": "table; desk", "fr": 20706}, {"w": "卓越", "rd": "たくえつ", "mn": "preeminence; excellence; superiority; transcendence", "fr": 23242}, {"w": "円卓", "rd": "えんたく", "mn": "round table", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "卓上", "rd": "たくじょう", "mn": "desktop; desk-top; tabletop", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "卓球", "rd": "たっきゅう", "mn": "table tennis; ping-pong", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "電卓", "rd": "でんたく", "mn": "calculator (electronic); pocket calculator", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "亀", "g": 8, "o": 1419, "f": 1353, "j": null, "on": "キ、キュウ、キン", "kun": "かめ", "m": "tortoise; turtle", "pm": "tortoise", "r": [{"c": "电", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "bound up; eels; sun; day", "hk": "tortoise", "hs": "This is not a <i>turtle</i> (See frame 250) but a <b>tortoise</b> , however you wish to picture the difference. Let the \" <i>bound up</i> \" at the to prefer to the head, and the two <i>suns</i> , with a long tail running through it, to the shell.", "ks": "A tortoise is prosperity bound up with a tail. They are very lucky creatures.", "v": [{"w": "亀裂", "rd": "きれつ", "mn": "crack; crevice; fissure; chap; rift", "fr": 9539}, {"w": "亀", "rd": "かめ", "mn": "tortoise; turtle", "fr": 10734}], "p": null}, {"k": "糧", "g": 8, "o": 1420, "f": 1354, "j": null, "on": "リョウ、ロウ", "kun": "かて", "m": "provisions; food; bread", "pm": "provisions", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "量", "nj": "リョウ", "ne": "quantity"}], "hc": "rice; quantity; nightbreak; sun; day; one; floor; computer", "hk": "provisions", "hs": "Rice . . . quantity.", "ks": "Army provisions are all identically produced, each with an identical quantity of rice.", "v": [{"w": "食糧", "rd": "しょくりょう", "mn": "food (esp. staple food such as rice or wheat); provisions; rations; food supply", "fr": 14736}, {"w": "兵糧", "rd": "ひょうろう", "mn": "(army) provisions; food", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "糧食", "rd": "りょうしょく", "mn": "provisions", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "食糧庁", "rd": "しょくりょうちょう", "mn": "food agency", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "簿", "g": 8, "o": 1421, "f": 1358, "j": null, "on": "ボ", "kun": "", "m": "register; record book", "pm": "register", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "溥", "nj": "フ", "ne": "far and wide"}], "hc": "bamboo; water; water droplets; water pistol; acupuncturist; specialty; drop; ten; needle; rice field; brains; glue", "hk": "register", "hs": "Bamboo . . . water . . . acupuncturist.", "ks": "The acupuncturist was not very good. His bamboo needles made his patients cry copious amounts of water. He was put on a register of doctors to avoid.", "v": [{"w": "名簿", "rd": "めいぼ", "mn": "register of names; list of names; roll; register; roster", "fr": 10292}, {"w": "帳簿", "rd": "ちょうぼ", "mn": "account book; register; ledger", "fr": 20137}, {"w": "家計簿", "rd": "かけいぼ", "mn": "household account book", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "簿記", "rd": "ぼき", "mn": "bookkeeping", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "炉", "g": 8, "o": 1422, "f": 1359, "j": null, "on": "ロ", "kun": "いろり", "m": "hearth; furnace; kiln; reactor", "pm": "hearth", "r": [{"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}, {"c": "戸", "nj": "コ", "ne": "door"}], "hc": "hearth-fire; door; one; ceiling; flag", "hk": "hearth", "hs": "Hearth fire . . . door.", "ks": "Hearth is a fireplace, meaning a fire-door in the wall.", "v": [{"w": "暖炉", "rd": "だんろ", "mn": "fireplace; hearth; stove", "fr": 21042}, {"w": "原子炉", "rd": "げんしろ", "mn": "atomic reactor; nuclear reactor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "溶鉱炉", "rd": "ようこうろ", "mn": "smelting furnace; blast furnace", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "炉心", "rd": "ろしん", "mn": "nuclear reactor core", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "高炉", "rd": "こうろ", "mn": "blast furnace", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "殊", "g": 8, "o": 1423, "f": 1361, "j": null, "on": "シュ", "kun": "こと", "m": "particularly; especially; exceptionally", "pm": "particularly", "r": [{"c": "歹", "nj": "がつ", "ne": "death & dying"}, {"c": "朱", "nj": "シュ", "ne": "vermilion"}], "hc": "bones; one; ceiling; evening; vermilion; drop; not yet; one; tree; wood", "hk": "particularly", "hs": "Bones . . . vermilion.", "ks": "A t-bone steak is vermilion - <b>particularly</b> if served rare.", "v": [{"w": "特殊", "rd": "とくしゅ", "mn": "special; particular; peculiar; unique", "fr": 2396}, {"w": "殊勝", "rd": "しゅしょう", "mn": "admirable; laudable", "fr": 12561}, {"w": "殊に", "rd": "ことに", "mn": "especially; particularly; unusually; above all", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "殊勲", "rd": "しゅくん", "mn": "distinguished services; meritorious deeds", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "特殊法人", "rd": "とくしゅほうじん", "mn": "semigovernmental corporation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "殖", "g": 8, "o": 1424, "f": 1362, "j": null, "on": "ショク", "kun": "ふ.える、ふ.やす", "m": "augment; increase; multiply; raise", "pm": "augment", "r": [{"c": "歹", "nj": "がつ", "ne": "death & dying"}, {"c": "直", "nj": "チョク", "ne": "straightaway"}], "hc": "bones; one; ceiling; evening; straightaway; ten; needle; eye; fishhook", "hk": "augment", "hs": "Bones . . . straightaway.", "ks": "He wanted to augment his height so had some bone added to his legs straightaway.", "v": [{"w": "増殖", "rd": "ぞうしょく", "mn": "increase; multiplication; propagation; proliferation", "fr": 16050}, {"w": "繁殖", "rd": "はんしょく", "mn": "breeding; propagation; reproduction; multiplication; increase", "fr": 17512}, {"w": "殖える", "rd": "ふえる", "mn": "to increase; to multiply", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "利殖", "rd": "りしょく", "mn": "money-making", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拓殖", "rd": "たくしょく", "mn": "colonization; colonisation; development; settlement; exploitation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "生殖", "rd": "せいしょく", "mn": "reproduction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "養殖", "rd": "ようしょく", "mn": "aquaculture; culture; cultivation; raising", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "艦", "g": 8, "o": 1425, "f": 1363, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "", "m": "warship", "pm": "warship", "r": [{"c": "舟", "nj": "ふね", "ne": "ship"}, {"c": "監", "nj": "カン", "ne": "oversee"}], "hc": "boat; oversee; retainer; slave; reclining; lying down; one; floor; dish", "hk": "warship", "hs": "Boat . . . oversee.", "ks": "The <b>warship</b> towers over the smaller benign <i>boats</i> , <i>overseeing</i> their safe path from port to port.", "v": [{"w": "艦", "rd": "かん", "mn": "warship", "fr": 18608}, {"w": "艦隊", "rd": "かんたい", "mn": "(naval) fleet; armada", "fr": 20717}, {"w": "戦艦", "rd": "せんかん", "mn": "battleship", "fr": 22546}, {"w": "軍艦", "rd": "ぐんかん", "mn": "warship; battleship", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "潜水艦", "rd": "せんすいかん", "mn": "submarine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "航空母艦", "rd": "こうくうぼかん", "mn": "aircraft carrier", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "艦船", "rd": "かんせん", "mn": "warships and other vessels", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "艦艇", "rd": "かんてい", "mn": "naval vessels; warships", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駆逐艦", "rd": "くちくかん", "mn": "destroyer (ship)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "溶", "g": 8, "o": 1426, "f": 1364, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "と.ける、と.かす、と.く", "m": "melt; dissolve; thaw", "pm": "melt", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "容", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "contain"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; contents; contain; house; valley; animal legs; eight; umbrella; mouth", "hk": "melt", "hs": "Water . . . contain.", "ks": "Think of what happens when the snow on top of the mountains <b>melt</b> s: it turns into <i>water</i> and flows down onto the rooftops of all the <i>houses</i> in the <i>valley</i> below.", "v": [{"w": "溶ける", "rd": "とける", "mn": "to melt; to liquefy; to soften (e.g. through heat); to thaw", "fr": 3016}, {"w": "溶かす", "rd": "とかす", "mn": "to melt; to liquefy; to thaw", "fr": 5405}, {"w": "溶け込む", "rd": "とけこむ", "mn": "to melt into; to dissolve into; to merge into", "fr": 8227}, {"w": "溶岩", "rd": "ようがん", "mn": "lava", "fr": 23329}, {"w": "溶く", "rd": "とく", "mn": "to mix (e.g. water with flour); to dissolve (salt in water, paint, etc.); to mix", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "溶液", "rd": "ようえき", "mn": "solution (liquid)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "水溶性", "rd": "すいようせい", "mn": "water-soluble", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "溶接", "rd": "ようせつ", "mn": "welding", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "溶解", "rd": "ようかい", "mn": "dissolution; dissolving; solution (e.g. chemical)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "溶鉱炉", "rd": "ようこうろ", "mn": "smelting furnace; blast furnace", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "輩", "g": 8, "o": 1427, "f": 1365, "j": null, "on": "ハイ", "kun": "-ばら、やから、やかい、ともがら", "m": "comrade; fellow; people; companions", "pm": "comrade", "r": [{"c": "非", "nj": "あらず", "ne": "wrong"}, {"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}], "hc": "un-; jail cell; prison bars; car", "hk": "comrade", "hs": "Jail cell . . . car.", "ks": "Some man <i>jailed</i> in Russia, is freed by his <b>comrade</b> (from the Communist party perhaps), who crashes into the <i>jail cell</i> with a <i>vehicle</i>.", "v": [{"w": "先輩", "rd": "せんぱい", "mn": "senior (at school, work, etc.); superior; elder; older person; predecessor", "fr": 753}, {"w": "後輩", "rd": "こうはい", "mn": "junior (at work, school, etc.); younger people; younger student", "fr": 2902}, {"w": "輩出", "rd": "はいしゅつ", "mn": "producing (people) in great numbers; appearing one after the other", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "奇", "g": 8, "o": 1428, "f": 1367, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "く.しき、あや.しい、くし、めずら.しい", "m": "strange; strangeness; curiosity", "pm": "strange", "r": [{"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}, {"c": "可", "nj": "カ", "ne": "can"}], "hc": "large; St. Bernard; can; mouth; street; nail; spike", "hk": "strange", "hs": "The elements we are given to work with here are <i>St. Bernard dog</i> and <i>can</i>. Lots of phrases pop to mind to attach these words to the key word, but they end up too abstract because of the word <i>can</i>. It is important in such cases (and there will be plenty of them as we go along)  to stick closely to the elements, in this case, <i>mouth</i>  and <i>nails</i>. Now all we need do is create a fictitious  \" <b>Strange</b> But True \" column in the Sunday funnies, featuring a <i>St. Bernard</i> whose <i>mouth</i> has been <i>nailed</i> shut because he was hitting the brandy keg around his neck too hard.", "ks": "A dog that can do the \"Can Can\" would be a STRANGE sight indeed.", "v": [{"w": "奇跡", "rd": "きせき", "mn": "miracle; wonder; marvel", "fr": 2031}, {"w": "奇妙", "rd": "きみょう", "mn": "strange; odd; peculiar; queer; curious", "fr": 3310}, {"w": "好奇心", "rd": "こうきしん", "mn": "curiosity; inquisitiveness", "fr": 4780}, {"w": "奇襲", "rd": "きしゅう", "mn": "surprise attack", "fr": 10033}, {"w": "奇怪", "rd": "きかい", "mn": "strange; wonderful; weird; outrageous; mysterious", "fr": 15211}, {"w": "奇抜", "rd": "きばつ", "mn": "(very) unusual; unconventional; eccentric; novel; original; striking; bizarre; w", "fr": 18427}, {"w": "奇異", "rd": "きい", "mn": "odd; strange; queer; peculiar", "fr": 19699}, {"w": "怪奇", "rd": "かいき", "mn": "bizarre; strange; weird; mysterious", "fr": 23816}, {"w": "奇数", "rd": "きすう", "mn": "odd number", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "奇病", "rd": "きびょう", "mn": "strange disease; rare disease", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "奇術", "rd": "きじゅつ", "mn": "magic; conjuring; sleight of hand; legerdemain", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "慢", "g": 8, "o": 1429, "f": 1368, "j": null, "on": "マン", "kun": "", "m": "ridicule; laziness", "pm": "ridicule", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "曼", "nj": "マン", "ne": "wide"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; mandala; sun; day; eye; cross-eyed; net; crotch", "hk": "ridicule", "hs": "State of mind . . . mandala.", "ks": "He' s often ridicule d for having his eye on crotches all day.", "v": [{"w": "我慢", "rd": "がまん", "mn": "endurance; patience; perseverance; bearing (with something)", "fr": 799}, {"w": "自慢", "rd": "じまん", "mn": "pride (in one's achievements, possessions, etc.); self-praise; boast", "fr": 1743}, {"w": "傲慢", "rd": "ごうまん", "mn": "haughty; arrogant; insolent; proud; overbearing", "fr": 6789}, {"w": "緩慢", "rd": "かんまん", "mn": "slow; sluggish; dull; slack; inactive", "fr": 16596}, {"w": "怠慢", "rd": "たいまん", "mn": "negligence; neglect; carelessness; procrastination", "fr": 22917}, {"w": "慢性", "rd": "まんせい", "mn": "chronic (illness)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慢性的", "rd": "まんせいてき", "mn": "chronic", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鶴", "g": 8, "o": 1430, "f": 1369, "j": null, "on": "カク", "kun": "つる", "m": "crane; stork", "pm": "crane", "r": [{"c": "寉", "nj": "つる", "ne": "crane (bird)"}, {"c": "鳥", "nj": "とり", "ne": "bird"}], "hc": "turkey house; bird", "hk": "crane", "hs": "<i>Turkey house</i> . . . <i>bird</i>. The first element appears on only one other occasion, back in frame 609.", "ks": "I ordered a crane to move my turkey coop , but they sent me this damn bird instead.", "v": [{"w": "鶴", "rd": "つる", "mn": "crane (any bird of the family Gruidae, esp. the red-crowned crane, Grus japonens", "fr": 16614}], "p": null}, {"k": "謀", "g": 8, "o": 1431, "f": 1370, "j": null, "on": "ボウ、ム", "kun": "はか.る、たばか.る、はかりごと", "m": "conspire; cheat; impose on; plan; devise; scheme; have in mind; deceive", "pm": "conspire", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "某", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "so-and-so"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; so-and-so; sweet; wicker basket; picnic basket; tree; wood", "hk": "conspire", "hs": "Words . . . so-and-so.", "ks": "Talking about so and so behind their back.", "v": [{"w": "無謀", "rd": "むぼう", "mn": "reckless; thoughtless; rash; ill-advised; impulsive; mad (e.g. scheme)", "fr": 4845}, {"w": "陰謀", "rd": "いんぼう", "mn": "plot; intrigue; scheme", "fr": 9824}, {"w": "参謀", "rd": "さんぼう", "mn": "staff officer; military staff", "fr": 18298}, {"w": "共謀", "rd": "きょうぼう", "mn": "conspiracy; collusion; complicity", "fr": 24283}, {"w": "謀略", "rd": "ぼうりゃく", "mn": "scheme; plot; artifice; stratagem; trick", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "首謀", "rd": "しゅぼう", "mn": "plotting; planning (crime, intrigue)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "拍", "g": 8, "o": 1432, "f": 1373, "j": null, "on": "ハク、ヒョウ", "kun": "", "m": "clap; beat (music)", "pm": "clap", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "白", "nj": "しろ", "ne": "white"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; white; dove", "hk": "clap", "hs": "Fingers . . . white.", "ks": "I clap ped so hard, my fingers became white.", "v": [{"w": "拍手", "rd": "はくしゅ", "mn": "clapping hands; applause", "fr": 2861}, {"w": "拍子", "rd": "ひょうし", "mn": "time; meter; metre; rhythm", "fr": 6742}, {"w": "脈拍", "rd": "みゃくはく", "mn": "pulse; pulse rate; pulsation; stroke of pulse", "fr": 21801}, {"w": "拍車", "rd": "はくしゃ", "mn": "(riding) spur", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "丈", "g": 8, "o": 1433, "f": 1375, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ", "kun": "たけ、だけ", "m": "length; ten shaku; measure; Mr.; Ms.; height; stature; all (one has); only; that's all; merely", "pm": "length", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "乂", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "mow"}], "hc": "stick; tucked under the arm", "hk": "length", "hs": "The <b>length</b> whose measure this kanji depicts extends from the tip of one hand to the tip of the other with <i>arms</i> at full length. Notice the final stroke, which cuts across the vertical second stroke to distinguish it from <i>large</i> (Frame 112).", "ks": "Both a meter and a yard are about one arm-length.", "v": [{"w": "大丈夫", "rd": "だいじょうぶ", "mn": "safe; secure; sound; problem-free; without fear; all right; alright; OK; okay", "fr": 106}, {"w": "丈夫", "rd": "じょうぶ", "mn": "healthy; robust; strong; solid; durable", "fr": 6088}, {"w": "頑丈", "rd": "がんじょう", "mn": "solid; firm; stout; burly; strong; sturdy", "fr": 6113}, {"w": "丈", "rd": "たけ", "mn": "height; stature", "fr": 10251}, {"w": "気丈", "rd": "きじょう", "mn": "stout-hearted; firm; courageous; brave; tough", "fr": 11533}, {"w": "背丈", "rd": "せたけ", "mn": "stature; height", "fr": 12683}, {"w": "波乱万丈", "rd": "はらんばんじょう", "mn": "stormy and full of drama; full of ups and downs; with many vicissitudes", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "寛", "g": 8, "o": 1434, "f": 1377, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "くつろ.ぐ、ひろ.い、ゆる.やか", "m": "tolerant; leniency; generosity; relax; feel at home; be at ease; broadminded", "pm": "tolerant", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "莧", "nj": "カン", "ne": "edible greens"}], "hc": "house; flowers; look; see; telescope; eye; human legs", "hk": "tolerant", "hs": "The <i>house</i> of <i>flowers</i> or  \"hothouse\" has become a metaphor for a narrow- minded, biased, and intolerant attitude distrustful of change. <b>Tolerance</b> , in contrast, is open-minded and welcomes novelty. The way to encourage <b>tolerance</b> in those who lack it is first to have them <i>see</i> through their own hothouse attitudes, which is the very counsel we are given in this kanji.", "ks": "A <b>tolerant</b> person will ignore SEEing GRASS (marijuana) in the HOUSE of a friend.", "v": [{"w": "寛ぐ", "rd": "くつろぐ", "mn": "to relax; to feel at home", "fr": 6640}, {"w": "寛大", "rd": "かんだい", "mn": "tolerant; generous; lenient; broad-minded; magnanimous", "fr": 11670}, {"w": "寛容", "rd": "かんよう", "mn": "tolerance; open-mindedness; forbearance; generosity; magnanimity", "fr": 14415}], "p": null}, {"k": "覆", "g": 8, "o": 1435, "f": 1378, "j": null, "on": "フク", "kun": "おお.う、くつがえ.す、くつがえ.る", "m": "capsize; cover; shade; mantle; be ruined", "pm": "capsize", "r": [{"c": "覀", "nj": "にし", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "復", "nj": "フク", "ne": "restore"}], "hc": "old west; restore; Nelson; column; going; line; fold back; double back; reclining; lying down; sun; day; walking legs", "hk": "capsize", "hs": "West . . . restore.", "ks": "The U.S.S. Old West has <b>capsize</b> d, and all the cowboys on board are trying to restore her upright.", "v": [{"w": "覆う", "rd": "おおう", "mn": "to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise", "fr": 3173}, {"w": "覆す", "rd": "くつがえす", "mn": "to overturn; to capsize; to upset", "fr": 6916}, {"w": "覆る", "rd": "くつがえる", "mn": "to topple over; to be overturned; to capsize", "fr": 20141}, {"w": "覆面", "rd": "ふくめん", "mn": "mask; veil; disguise", "fr": 20530}, {"w": "転覆", "rd": "てんぷく", "mn": "overturning; capsizing", "fr": 24617}], "p": null}, {"k": "胞", "g": 8, "o": 1436, "f": 1379, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "", "m": "placenta; sac; sheath", "pm": "placenta", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "包", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "wrap"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; wrap; bound up; snake; self", "hk": "placenta", "hs": "Part of the body . . . wrap.", "ks": "Placenta is flesh/part of the body wrapped around the foetus.", "v": [{"w": "細胞", "rd": "さいぼう", "mn": "cell", "fr": 8760}, {"w": "同胞", "rd": "どうほう", "mn": "brethren; brothers; fellow countrymen; fellowman; compatriot", "fr": 11521}, {"w": "細胞内", "rd": "さいぼうない", "mn": "inside the cell; intracellular", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "胞子", "rd": "ほうし", "mn": "spore", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "涙", "g": 8, "o": 1437, "f": 1381, "j": null, "on": "ルイ、レイ", "kun": "なみだ", "m": "tears; sympathy", "pm": "tears", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "戻", "nj": "レイ", "ne": "re-"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; re-; door; one; ceiling; flag; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "tears", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>re-</i>. Do not confuse with <i>cry</i> (Frame 463).", "ks": "Tears are watery ( water \\+ re ).", "v": [{"w": "涙", "rd": "なみだ", "mn": "tear; tears; lachrymal secretion", "fr": 1252}, {"w": "涙声", "rd": "なみだごえ", "mn": "tearful voice", "fr": 18577}, {"w": "催涙", "rd": "さいるい", "mn": "tear-inducing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "感涙", "rd": "かんるい", "mn": "tears (from being deeply moved); tears of gratitude", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "涙ぐましい", "rd": "なみだぐましい", "mn": "touching; moving; painful", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 36, "rp": 48, "l": 8, "n": "涙 戻"}}, {"k": "隔", "g": 8, "o": 1438, "f": 1382, "j": null, "on": "カク", "kun": "へだ.てる、へだ.たる", "m": "isolate; alternate; distance; separate; gulf", "pm": "isolate", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "鬲", "nj": "れき", "ne": "tripod"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; tripod; one; ceiling; mouth; hood; human legs; street; nail; spike", "hk": "isolate", "hs": "<i>Pinnacle</i> . . . <i>ceiling</i> . . . <i>mouth</i> . . . <i>glass canopy</i> . . . <i>human legs</i> . . . <i>spike</i>. You might want to compare the kanji for <i>dissolve</i> (Frame 1123).", "ks": "The people of the pinnacle isolate themselves, dissolving any outside friendships.", "v": [{"w": "間隔", "rd": "かんかく", "mn": "space; interval", "fr": 9624}, {"w": "隔てる", "rd": "へだてる", "mn": "to separate (by distance, time, etc.); to isolate; to partition; to divide", "fr": 9848}, {"w": "隔離", "rd": "かくり", "mn": "isolation; segregation; separation; quarantine", "fr": 10124}, {"w": "遠隔", "rd": "えんかく", "mn": "distant; remote; isolated", "fr": 20997}, {"w": "隔たり", "rd": "へだたり", "mn": "distance; difference; gap; disparity; gulf; chasm; estrangement", "fr": 23897}, {"w": "隔たる", "rd": "へだたる", "mn": "to be distant", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "隔週", "rd": "かくしゅう", "mn": "every other week; every two weeks", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "隔て", "rd": "へだて", "mn": "partition; distinction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "隔月", "rd": "かくげつ", "mn": "every second month; every other month", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "浄", "g": 8, "o": 1439, "f": 1383, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ、セイ", "kun": "きよ.める、きよ.い", "m": "clean; purify; cleanse; exorcise; Manchu Dynasty", "pm": "clean", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "争", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "contend"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; contend; bound up; rake", "hk": "clean", "hs": "Water . . . contend.", "ks": "Bottled water marketers contend to make their version of tap water sound the <b>clean</b> est.", "v": [{"w": "浄化", "rd": "じょうか", "mn": "purification", "fr": 9484}, {"w": "洗浄", "rd": "せんじょう", "mn": "washing; cleansing; cleaning; laundering", "fr": 20742}, {"w": "不浄", "rd": "ふじょう", "mn": "unclean; dirty; impure", "fr": 24727}, {"w": "洗浄剤", "rd": "せんじょうざい", "mn": "detergent; cleanser; cleaning agent; washing material", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浄化槽", "rd": "じょうかそう", "mn": "water-purification tank", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浄土", "rd": "じょうど", "mn": "pure land (esp. the Western Pure Land paradise of Amitabha); (Buddhist) paradise", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浄土真宗", "rd": "じょうどしんしゅう", "mn": "Jōdo Shinshū (offshoot of the Jōdo sect); True Pure Land School", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浄水", "rd": "じょうすい", "mn": "clean water; purified water", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "清浄", "rd": "せいじょう", "mn": "pure; clean; purity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自浄", "rd": "じじょう", "mn": "self-purification; self-cleansing", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "匹", "g": 8, "o": 1440, "f": 1384, "j": null, "on": "ヒツ", "kun": "ひき", "m": "equal; head; counter for small animals; roll of cloth", "pm": "equal", "r": [{"c": "匸", "nj": "かくしがまえ", "ne": "to conceal"}, {"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}], "hc": "box; human legs", "hk": "equal", "hs": "Box . . . human legs.", "ks": "Put a box over everyone's heads, letting only the legs show, and we all look pretty much equal.", "v": [{"w": "匹", "rd": "ひき", "mn": "counter for small animals", "fr": 3343}, {"w": "一匹", "rd": "いっぴき", "mn": "one (small animal)", "fr": 5663}, {"w": "匹敵", "rd": "ひってき", "mn": "to be a match for; to rival; to equal; to compare with; to be equivalent to", "fr": 9286}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "没", "g": 8, "o": 1441, "f": 1385, "j": null, "on": "ボツ、モツ", "kun": "おぼ.れる、しず.む、ない", "m": "drown; sink; hide; fall into; disappear; die", "pm": "drown", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "drown", "hs": "Water . . . missile.", "ks": "The submarine's hull was breached after being struck by a torpedo (\" water missile \"), causing the entire crew to drown.", "v": [{"w": "没頭", "rd": "ぼっとう", "mn": "immersing oneself in; being absorbed in; devoting oneself to; giving oneself up ", "fr": 7063}, {"w": "没収", "rd": "ぼっしゅう", "mn": "seizure; confiscation; impounding; sequestration; forfeiture", "fr": 8956}, {"w": "出没", "rd": "しゅつぼつ", "mn": "making frequent appearances; appearing often; appearing and disappearing", "fr": 15925}, {"w": "日没", "rd": "にちぼつ", "mn": "sunset", "fr": 19016}, {"w": "埋没", "rd": "まいぼつ", "mn": "being buried", "fr": 19158}, {"w": "陥没", "rd": "かんぼつ", "mn": "cave-in; collapse; sinking; depression (e.g. of the skull); subsidence", "fr": 23263}, {"w": "沈没", "rd": "ちんぼつ", "mn": "sinking; foundering; going down; submersion", "fr": 24452}, {"w": "没落", "rd": "ぼつらく", "mn": "ruin; fall; collapse; downfall; bankruptcy", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "戦没", "rd": "せんぼつ", "mn": "death in battle; killed in action", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "没", "rd": "ぼつ", "mn": "death", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "没後", "rd": "ぼつご", "mn": "after death; posthumously", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "暇", "g": 8, "o": 1442, "f": 1386, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "ひま、いとま", "m": "spare time; rest; leisure; time; leave of absence", "pm": "spare time", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "叚", "nj": "カ", "ne": "false"}], "hc": "sun; day; hobby; staples; mouth; box; crotch", "hk": "spare time", "hs": "The element for <i>day</i> on the left is logical enough. Next to it we see <i>staples</i> being held in <i>mouth</i> (one stroke is doubled up), indicating working in one's hobby or handicrafts at home on one's <b>spare time</b>. The small <i>box</i> at the top right is facing backwards, or more properly  \"inside out.\" Finally, we have the <i>crotch</i> at the bottom.", "ks": "Some jackass-like people have way too much <b>spare time</b>. You can find video's of them all over the internet, if you like such things, you can watch it all <i>day</i>. You see them <i>stapling</i> their <i>mouths</i> shut, or throwing eachother <i>upside down in boxes</i> or kicking each other in the <i>crotch</i>.", "v": [{"w": "暇", "rd": "ひま", "mn": "spare time; free time; leisure", "fr": 959}, {"w": "休暇", "rd": "きゅうか", "mn": "holiday; vacation; day off; time off; leave; furlough", "fr": 7993}, {"w": "暇つぶし", "rd": "ひまつぶし", "mn": "killing time; keeping oneself occupied; time killer", "fr": 11038}, {"w": "暇がない", "rd": "ひまがない", "mn": "busy; having no time (for)", "fr": 18261}, {"w": "暇潰し", "rd": "ひまつぶし", "mn": "killing time; keeping oneself occupied; time killer", "fr": 21458}, {"w": "余暇", "rd": "よか", "mn": "leisure; leisure time; spare time", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "寸暇", "rd": "すんか", "mn": "moment's leisure; free minute", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "貞", "g": 8, "o": 1443, "f": 1389, "j": null, "on": "テイ、ジョウ", "kun": "ただし.い、さだ", "m": "upright; chastity; constancy; righteousness", "pm": "upright", "r": [{"c": "卜", "nj": "ぼく", "ne": "oracle"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "magic wand; augury; divining rod; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "upright", "hs": "Now take the last primitive, the <i>shellfish</i> , and set a <i>magic wand</i> over it, and you have the kanji for <b>upright</b>. After all, the <i>clam</i> and the <i>oyster</i> are incapable of walking <b>upright</b>. It would take a magician with his <i>wand</i> to pull off such a feat - which is precisely what we have in this kanji.", "ks": "A <i>magic wand</i> is needed to make a <i>clam</i> stand <b>upright</b>.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "鑑", "g": 8, "o": 1444, "f": 1391, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "かんが.みる、かがみ", "m": "specimen; take warning from; learn from", "pm": "specimen", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "監", "nj": "カン", "ne": "oversee"}], "hc": "metal; gold; oversee; retainer; slave; reclining; lying down; one; floor; dish", "hk": "specimen", "hs": "Metal . . . oversee.", "ks": "The <i>overseer</i> tags his slaves with <i>gold</i> earrings, just like <b>specimens</b>.", "v": [{"w": "鑑賞", "rd": "かんしょう", "mn": "appreciation (of art, music, poetry, etc.)", "fr": 10535}, {"w": "鑑定", "rd": "かんてい", "mn": "judgement; judgment; expert opinion; appraisal", "fr": 11520}, {"w": "図鑑", "rd": "ずかん", "mn": "pictorial book; picture book; illustrated reference book; identification manual;", "fr": 18116}, {"w": "印鑑", "rd": "いんかん", "mn": "stamp; seal", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "年鑑", "rd": "ねんかん", "mn": "yearbook; almanac; annual", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "鑑別", "rd": "かんべつ", "mn": "discrimination; judgement; judgment; separation; sorting", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "陰", "g": 8, "o": 1445, "f": 1393, "j": null, "on": "イン", "kun": "かげ、かげ.る", "m": "shade; yin; negative; sex organs; secret; shadow", "pm": "shade", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "今", "nj": "コン", "ne": "now"}, {"c": "云", "nj": "ウン", "ne": "say"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; now; clock; rising cloud; two; elbow; wall", "hk": "shade", "hs": "Just as the <i>sunshine</i> (Frame 1397) represents the masculine principle in nature (Yang), the <b>shade</b> stands for the feminine principle (Yin). Its elements are: <i>pinnacle</i> . . . <i>clock</i> . . . <i>rising cloud</i>.", "ks": "The pinnacle is in the shade , because it has now become cloudy.", "v": [{"w": "陰", "rd": "かげ", "mn": "shade; shadow", "fr": 4048}, {"w": "お陰で", "rd": "おかげで", "mn": "thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...", "fr": 9710}, {"w": "陰謀", "rd": "いんぼう", "mn": "plot; intrigue; scheme", "fr": 9824}, {"w": "物陰", "rd": "ものかげ", "mn": "place hidden from view; cover; shelter; hiding place", "fr": 10154}, {"w": "木陰", "rd": "こかげ", "mn": "shade of a tree; bower", "fr": 13770}, {"w": "日陰", "rd": "ひかげ", "mn": "shade; shadow", "fr": 14412}, {"w": "陰気", "rd": "いんき", "mn": "gloomy; dismal; miserable; melancholy", "fr": 17683}, {"w": "陰口", "rd": "かげぐち", "mn": "malicious gossip; backbiting; speaking ill behind someone's back", "fr": 18792}, {"w": "お陰様で", "rd": "おかげさまで", "mn": "thankfully; fortunately; luckily; by God's grace", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "山陰", "rd": "やまかげ", "mn": "place in the shade of a mountain; shelter of the mountains", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陰り", "rd": "かげり", "mn": "shadow (e.g. on someone's happiness); cloud; shade; gloom", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陰性", "rd": "いんせい", "mn": "negative (result)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陰陽", "rd": "いんよう", "mn": "cosmic dual forces; yin and yang; sun and moon, etc.", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "銘", "g": 8, "o": 1446, "f": 1394, "j": null, "on": "メイ", "kun": "", "m": "inscription; signature (of artisan)", "pm": "inscription", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "名", "nj": "メイ", "ne": "name"}], "hc": "metal; gold; name; evening; mouth", "hk": "inscription", "hs": "Take <b>inscription</b> in the sense of the <i>name</i> you ask the jeweler to carve on a <i>gold</i> bracelet or inside a <i>gold</i> ring to identify its owner or communicate some sentimental message. It will help if you can recall the first time you had this done and the feelings you had at the time.", "ks": "A piece of <i>metal</i> with a <i>name</i> on it. Well, this is basically the definition of <b>inscription</b>.", "v": [{"w": "感銘", "rd": "かんめい", "mn": "deep impression; being deeply moved; being deeply touched", "fr": 18607}, {"w": "銘柄", "rd": "めいがら", "mn": "brand; make; description", "fr": 23215}, {"w": "銘々", "rd": "めいめい", "mn": "each; individual", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "銘記", "rd": "めいき", "mn": "keep in mind; take note of; remember", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鋭", "g": 8, "o": 1447, "f": 1395, "j": null, "on": "エイ", "kun": "するど.い", "m": "pointed; sharpness; edge; weapon; sharp; violent", "pm": "pointed", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "兌", "nj": "ダ", "ne": "exchange"}], "hc": "metal; gold; devil; horns; elder brother; teenager; mouth; human legs", "hk": "pointed", "hs": "<i>Metal</i> that has been <b>pointed</b> (as an awl, a pick, a nail, or a knife) tends to serve the <i>devil's</i> purposes as well as civilization's: our tools are also our weapons.", "ks": "<b>Pointed</b> is the metal devil's pitchfork.", "v": [{"w": "鋭い", "rd": "するどい", "mn": "sharp (knife, claws, etc.); pointed", "fr": 2320}, {"w": "精鋭", "rd": "せいえい", "mn": "elite; best; pick; cream of the crop", "fr": 12591}, {"w": "鋭利", "rd": "えいり", "mn": "sharp; keen; acute", "fr": 13749}, {"w": "鋭敏", "rd": "えいびん", "mn": "sharp (eyes, ears, etc.); keen; acute; sensitive", "fr": 20465}, {"w": "新鋭", "rd": "しんえい", "mn": "young and energetic; up-and-coming; new and excellent; newly produced; up-and-co", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "最新鋭", "rd": "さいしんえい", "mn": "state-of-the-art; cutting-edge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "気鋭", "rd": "きえい", "mn": "spirited; energetic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鋭角", "rd": "えいかく", "mn": "acute angle", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "随", "g": 8, "o": 1448, "f": 1396, "j": null, "on": "ズイ", "kun": "まにま.に、したが.う", "m": "follow; though; notwithstanding; while; during; both; all; obey; submit to; comply; at the mercy of (the waves)", "pm": "follow", "r": [{"c": "陏", "nj": "ダ", "ne": "melon"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; highwayman; possess; by one’s side; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; road", "hk": "follow", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . possess . . . road.", "ks": "I fled to The Pinnacle for safety, but the demon follow ed me right up the road!", "v": [{"w": "随分", "rd": "ずいぶん", "mn": "very; extremely; surprisingly; fairly; quite; considerably; awfully; terribly", "fr": 1363}, {"w": "随一", "rd": "ずいいち", "mn": "best; greatest; first", "fr": 17599}, {"w": "随筆", "rd": "ずいひつ", "mn": "essays; miscellaneous writings; literary jottings", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "追随", "rd": "ついずい", "mn": "following (in the footsteps of)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "随員", "rd": "ずいいん", "mn": "member of an entourage or retinue or party; attendant", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "随意", "rd": "ずいい", "mn": "voluntary; optional; free; elective", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "随所", "rd": "ずいしょ", "mn": "everywhere; all over the place; here and there; at every turn", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "随時", "rd": "ずいじ", "mn": "whenever necessary; as needed; as required; as occasion demands", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "烈", "g": 8, "o": 1449, "f": 1397, "j": null, "on": "レツ", "kun": "はげ.しい", "m": "ardent; violent; vehement; furious; severe; extreme", "pm": "ardent", "r": [{"c": "列", "nj": "レツ", "ne": "file"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "file; bones; one; ceiling; evening; sword; sabre; saber; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "ardent", "hs": "File . . . oven fire.", "ks": "The nazis were <b>ardent</b> believers in the master arian race, see them marching everyone else into the <i>oven fires</i> , single <i>file</i>.", "v": [{"w": "強烈", "rd": "きょうれつ", "mn": "strong; intense; severe", "fr": 3311}, {"w": "猛烈", "rd": "もうれつ", "mn": "fierce; intense; severe; violent; strong; vehement; terrific; terrible", "fr": 6601}, {"w": "熱烈", "rd": "ねつれつ", "mn": "ardent; passionate; vehement", "fr": 12699}, {"w": "鮮烈", "rd": "せんれつ", "mn": "vivid; striking", "fr": 16625}, {"w": "壮烈", "rd": "そうれつ", "mn": "heroic; brave", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "烈震", "rd": "れっしん", "mn": "disastrous earthquake", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "痛烈", "rd": "つうれつ", "mn": "severe; bitter; scathing", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "尋", "g": 8, "o": 1450, "f": 1398, "j": null, "on": "ジン", "kun": "たず.ねる、ひろ", "m": "inquire; fathom; look for", "pm": "inquire", "r": [{"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "broom; craft; mouth; glue", "hk": "inquire", "hs": "Broom . . . craft . . . mouth . . . glue.", "ks": "The policed <b>inquire</b> d into the erotica scandal. They tried to sweep away the evidence, but some of it stuck. (Note: katakana エロ <i>ero</i> in the middle of this kanji is the Japanese word for erotica.).", "v": [{"w": "尋ねる", "rd": "たずねる", "mn": "to ask; to enquire; to inquire", "fr": 3217}, {"w": "尋常", "rd": "じんじょう", "mn": "common; usual", "fr": 5652}, {"w": "尋問", "rd": "じんもん", "mn": "questioning; interrogation; examination (of a witness)", "fr": 8517}, {"w": "尋ね人", "rd": "たずねびと", "mn": "missing person; wanted person", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "稿", "g": 8, "o": 1451, "f": 1400, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "わら、したがき", "m": "draft; copy; manuscript; straw", "pm": "draft", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "高", "nj": "たかい", "ne": "high"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; tall; top hat; mouth; hood; mouth", "hk": "draft", "hs": "The key word connotes the preliminary composition of a plan or manuscript. Its elements: <i>wheat</i> . . . <i>tall</i>.", "ks": "Aliens often <b>draft</b> their plans for invasion by cutting designs among the <i>tall</i> <i>wheat</i>.", "v": [{"w": "原稿", "rd": "げんこう", "mn": "manuscript; copy; draft; notes; contribution", "fr": 6336}, {"w": "投稿", "rd": "とうこう", "mn": "contribution (to a newspaper, magazine, etc.); submission; post (on a blog, soci", "fr": 9007}, {"w": "原稿用紙", "rd": "げんこうようし", "mn": "Japanese writing paper (lined with a square grid, one square per character); man", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "稿", "rd": "こう", "mn": "manuscript; version; draft", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "稿料", "rd": "こうりょう", "mn": "manuscript fee; payment for a piece of writing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "草稿", "rd": "そうこう", "mn": "notes; draft; manuscript", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "丹", "g": 8, "o": 1452, "f": 1402, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "に", "m": "rust-colored; red; red lead; pills; sincerity", "pm": "rust-colored", "r": [{"c": "冂", "nj": "けいがまえ", "ne": "to enclose"}, {"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "rust colored; ship´s funnel", "hk": "cinnabar", "hs": "", "ks": "Rusty old boat with the bottom and top missing.", "v": [{"w": "丹念", "rd": "たんねん", "mn": "painstaking; careful; meticulous; scrupulous; detailed; elaborate", "fr": 12707}, {"w": "丹精", "rd": "たんせい", "mn": "working earnestly; sincerity; diligence; effort; pains", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "啓", "g": 8, "o": 1453, "f": 1403, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "ひら.く、さと.す", "m": "disclose; open; say", "pm": "disclose", "r": [{"c": "戸", "nj": "コ", "ne": "door"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "bouncer; door; one; ceiling; flag; taskmaster; mouth", "hk": "disclose", "hs": "Door . . . taskmaster . . . mouth.", "ks": "Behind closed DOORS, the TASKMASTER tortures to get prisoners to open their MOUTHS and <b>DISCLOSE</b> information.", "v": [{"w": "拝啓", "rd": "はいけい", "mn": "Dear (so and so); Dear Sir; Dear Madam; To Whom It May Concern", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "啓発", "rd": "けいはつ", "mn": "enlightenment; development; edification; public awareness; illumination; educati", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "啓示", "rd": "けいじ", "mn": "(divine) revelation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "啓蒙", "rd": "けいもう", "mn": "enlightenment; illumination", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "丘", "g": 8, "o": 1454, "f": 1405, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "おか", "m": "hill; knoll", "pm": "hill", "r": [{"c": "斤", "nj": "おのづくり", "ne": "axe"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}], "hc": "axe; one; floor", "hk": "hill", "hs": "Since this supposedly pictographic representation of a hill looks like anything but, picture a row of <i>axes</i> driven into the ground up to their heads, and see if that doesn't present a more memorable image of <b>hill</b> \\- at least a riskier one sliding down!", "ks": "At Capitol Hill proposals get axe d on the floor.", "v": [{"w": "丘", "rd": "おか", "mn": "hill; height; knoll; rising ground", "fr": 5684}, {"w": "丘陵", "rd": "きゅうりょう", "mn": "hill; hillock", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "砂丘", "rd": "さきゅう", "mn": "sand dune; sand hill", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "棟", "g": 8, "o": 1455, "f": 1406, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "むね、むな-", "m": "ridgepole; ridge", "pm": "ridgepole", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "東", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "east"}], "hc": "tree; wood; east; tree; wood; sun; day", "hk": "ridgepole", "hs": "If the piece of <i>wood</i> in the roof known as the <b>ridgepole</b> points <i>east</i> , the sunrise will be visible from the front door.", "ks": "Feng Shui states that the <b>ridgepole</b> of a house should be made of <i>wood</i> and face <i>east</i>.", "v": [{"w": "棟", "rd": "むね", "mn": "ridge (of roof)", "fr": 8178}, {"w": "病棟", "rd": "びょうとう", "mn": "(hospital) ward", "fr": 23805}, {"w": "別棟", "rd": "べつむね", "mn": "separate building; outbuilding; outhouse", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "壌", "g": 8, "o": 1456, "f": 1407, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ", "kun": "つち", "m": "lot; earth; soil", "pm": "lot", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "㐮", "nj": "", "ne": "to help"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; grass skirt; top hat; eight; six; animal legs; celery; scarf", "hk": "lot", "hs": "<i>Ground</i> . . . <i>grass skirt</i>. The <b>lot</b> of this key word refers to a portion of land.", "ks": "My dream is to buy a small <i>lot</i> on a tropical island and spend the rest of my days relaxing in a <i>grass skirt</i>.", "v": [{"w": "土壌", "rd": "どじょう", "mn": "soil", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "平壌", "rd": "ピョンヤン", "mn": "Pyongyang (North Korea)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "漫", "g": 8, "o": 1457, "f": 1408, "j": null, "on": "マン", "kun": "みだり.に、そぞ.ろ", "m": "cartoon; involuntarily; unrestrained; in spite of oneself; corrupt", "pm": "cartoon", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "曼", "nj": "マン", "ne": "wide"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; mandala; sun; day; eye; cross-eyed; net; crotch", "hk": "loose", "hs": "Water . . . mandala.", "ks": "Staring at mandalas is a tool in meditation to loosen-up the mind and body, allowing the energy to flow like water.", "v": [{"w": "漫画", "rd": "まんが", "mn": "cartoon; comic; comic strip; manga", "fr": 3032}, {"w": "漫画家", "rd": "まんがか", "mn": "cartoonist; comic book artist; manga artist; manga author; mangaka", "fr": 15070}, {"w": "漫才", "rd": "まんざい", "mn": "manzai; comic dialogue", "fr": 17319}, {"w": "散漫", "rd": "さんまん", "mn": "vague; desultory; distracted; loose; half-hearted; diffuse; scattered", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漫談", "rd": "まんだん", "mn": "chat; desultory conversation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "玄", "g": 8, "o": 1458, "f": 1409, "j": null, "on": "ゲン", "kun": "くろ、くろ.い", "m": "mysterious; occultness; black; deep; profound", "pm": "mysterious", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "幺", "nj": "いとがしら", "ne": "young"}], "hc": "top hat; cocoon", "hk": "mysterious", "hs": "Top hat . . . cocoon.", "ks": "What could be more <b>mysterious</b> than a <i>cocoon</i> in a <i>top hat</i> trying to sneak in…? (Pimitive: <i>GANDALF</i> ).", "v": [{"w": "玄関", "rd": "げんかん", "mn": "entrance; front door; entryway; entranceway; entry hall; vestibule; porch; foyer", "fr": 2589}, {"w": "玄人", "rd": "くろうと", "mn": "expert; professional; master; connoisseur", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "玄米", "rd": "げんまい", "mn": "unpolished rice; unmilled rice; brown rice", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "粘", "g": 8, "o": 1459, "f": 1410, "j": null, "on": "ネン", "kun": "ねば.る", "m": "sticky; glutinous; greasy; persevere", "pm": "sticky", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "占", "nj": "セン", "ne": "fortune-telling"}], "hc": "rice; fortune-telling; magic wand; augury; mouth", "hk": "sticky", "hs": "Rice . . . fortune-telling.", "ks": "CONDI RICE was told by the FORTUNE TELLER that she will get STICKY …", "v": [{"w": "粘る", "rd": "ねばる", "mn": "to be sticky; to be adhesive", "fr": 7538}, {"w": "粘膜", "rd": "ねんまく", "mn": "mucous membrane; mucosa", "fr": 11998}, {"w": "粘土", "rd": "ねんど", "mn": "clay", "fr": 19533}, {"w": "粘着", "rd": "ねんちゃく", "mn": "cohesion; adhesion", "fr": 23876}, {"w": "粘り強い", "rd": "ねばりづよい", "mn": "tenacious; persevering; persistent; stubborn; steadfast", "fr": 24982}, {"w": "粘り", "rd": "ねばり", "mn": "stickiness; viscosity", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "悟", "g": 8, "o": 1460, "f": 1411, "j": null, "on": "ゴ", "kun": "さと.る", "m": "enlightenment; perceive; discern; realize; understand", "pm": "enlightenment", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "吾", "nj": "ゴ", "ne": "I"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; I; five; mouth", "hk": "enlightenment", "hs": "I know of an Indian religious sect which teaches that <b>enlightenment</b> is to be had by covering the eyes with one's index fingers, the ears with the thumbs, and the mouth with the little fingers. While these differ a bit from the <i>five holes</i> that we used to represent the  \" <i>I</i> \" (frame 17), the idea of achieving a special <i>state of mind</i> by covering those five places can help you learn this kanji. You might try the position out while you are learning this character.", "ks": "<b>Enlightenment</b> is a state of mind that goes beyond the five senses.", "v": [{"w": "覚悟", "rd": "かくご", "mn": "readiness; (mental) preparedness", "fr": 731}, {"w": "悟る", "rd": "さとる", "mn": "to sense; to perceive; to notice; to discern; to become aware of", "fr": 3328}, {"w": "悟り", "rd": "さとり", "mn": "comprehension; understanding", "fr": 22470}], "p": null}, {"k": "舗", "g": 8, "o": 1461, "f": 1412, "j": null, "on": "ホ", "kun": "", "m": "shop; store; pave", "pm": "shop", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "吉", "nj": "キチ", "ne": "good luck"}, {"c": "甫", "nj": "ホ", "ne": "for the first time"}], "hc": "cottage; little-thatch; umbrella; earthenware jar; lidded crock; soil; dirt; ground; mouth; dog-tag; arrowhead; screwdriver; utilize; utilise", "hk": "shop", "hs": "<i>Cottage</i> . . . <i>dog tag</i>. The key word refers to the noun, not the verb.", "ks": "A <b>shop</b> in an impoverished country is just a cottage with a dog tag identifying it.", "v": [{"w": "店舗", "rd": "てんぽ", "mn": "shop; store; establishment; restaurant", "fr": 9069}, {"w": "老舗", "rd": "しにせ", "mn": "long-established shop; shop of long standing; old shop", "fr": 18081}, {"w": "舗装", "rd": "ほそう", "mn": "paving (a road); surfacing (with asphalt, concrete, etc.); pavement", "fr": 20125}, {"w": "舗", "rd": "ほ", "mn": "shop; store", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "妊", "g": 8, "o": 1462, "f": 1413, "j": null, "on": "ニン、ジン", "kun": "はら.む、みごも.る", "m": "pregnancy", "pm": "pregnancy", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "壬", "nj": "ニン", "ne": "9th calendar sign"}], "hc": "woman; porter; drop; samurai", "hk": "pregnancy", "hs": "A <i>woman</i> who is in her <b>pregnancy</b> is a bit like a <i>porter</i> , bearing her new companion wherever she goes.", "ks": "A pregnant woman is a porter of her child.", "v": [{"w": "妊娠", "rd": "にんしん", "mn": "pregnancy; conception; gestation", "fr": 5575}, {"w": "妊婦", "rd": "にんぷ", "mn": "pregnant woman", "fr": 19952}, {"w": "不妊", "rd": "ふにん", "mn": "infertility; sterility; barrenness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "妊産婦", "rd": "にんさんぷ", "mn": "expectant and nursing mothers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "避妊", "rd": "ひにん", "mn": "contraception; birth control", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "塗", "g": 8, "o": 1463, "f": 1414, "j": null, "on": "ト", "kun": "ぬ.る、ぬ.り、まみ.れる", "m": "paint; plaster; daub; smear; coating", "pm": "paint", "r": [{"c": "涂", "nj": "ト", "ne": "surname"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; scales; too much; umbrella; potato; small; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "paint", "hs": "Water . . . scale . . . ground.", "ks": "If you add <i>too much water</i> to the <b>paint</b> it will drip onto the <i>ground</i>.", "v": [{"w": "塗る", "rd": "ぬる", "mn": "to paint; to spread; to plaster; to apply (cream, lotion); to smear; to lacquer;", "fr": 3258}, {"w": "塗り替える", "rd": "ぬりかえる", "mn": "to repaint; to paint again; to paint (a different colour)", "fr": 14315}, {"w": "塗装", "rd": "とそう", "mn": "coating; painting", "fr": 23468}, {"w": "塗布", "rd": "とふ", "mn": "application (of ointment, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "塗料", "rd": "とりょう", "mn": "paint; coating; varnish", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漆塗り", "rd": "うるしぬり", "mn": "lacquering; lacquer ware", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "軒", "g": 8, "o": 1464, "f": 1416, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "のき", "m": "flats; counter for houses; eaves", "pm": "flats", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "干", "nj": "かん", "ne": "to dry"}], "hc": "car; dry; clothesline", "hk": "flats", "hs": "This kanji, a counter for houses, is made up of <i>cars</i> . . . <i>dry</i>.", "ks": "Small flats (garages) for cars help keeping them dry.", "v": [{"w": "軒", "rd": "のき", "mn": "eaves", "fr": 6806}, {"w": "一軒", "rd": "いっけん", "mn": "one house", "fr": 11883}, {"w": "軒並み", "rd": "のきなみ", "mn": "row of houses", "fr": 21479}, {"w": "軒先", "rd": "のきさき", "mn": "edge of the eaves; house frontage", "fr": 24321}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "騰", "g": 8, "o": 1465, "f": 1420, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "あが.る、のぼ.る", "m": "leaping up; jumping up; rising; advancing; going", "pm": "leaping up", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "駦", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "edam; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; quarter; team of horses", "hk": "inflation", "hs": "Meat . . . quarter . . . team of horses.", "ks": "Every <i>quarter</i> <i>moon</i> , the cost of a <i>trojan horse</i> rises one quarter by <b>inflation</b>.", "v": [{"w": "沸騰", "rd": "ふっとう", "mn": "boiling; seething", "fr": 9554}, {"w": "急騰", "rd": "きゅうとう", "mn": "sudden rise (in price); sharp rise; jump; surge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暴騰", "rd": "ぼうとう", "mn": "sudden rise; sharp rise; boom; skyrocketing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "騰貴", "rd": "とうき", "mn": "rise (in price or value); appreciation; advance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "高騰", "rd": "こうとう", "mn": "sharp rise (in prices); steep rise; substantial increase; soaring", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "遂", "g": 8, "o": 1466, "f": 1423, "j": null, "on": "スイ", "kun": "と.げる、つい.に", "m": "consummate; accomplish; attain; commit (suicide)", "pm": "consummate", "r": [{"c": "豕", "nj": "いのこ", "ne": "pig"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "horns; sow; pig; road", "hk": "consummate", "hs": "The <i>horns</i> atop the <i>sow</i> suggest a boar at work in the background. Add the element for a <i>road</i>. Now create a story whose meaning is: <b>consummate</b>.", "ks": "This is still Miss Piggy only she's gotten <i>horny</i> (as she often does) and now she's <i>pursuing</i> Kermit to help her <b>consummate</b> her desires.", "v": [{"w": "成し遂げる", "rd": "なしとげる", "mn": "to accomplish; to achieve; to complete; to carry out; to carry through", "fr": 6012}, {"w": "遂げる", "rd": "とげる", "mn": "to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out", "fr": 6290}, {"w": "遂行", "rd": "すいこう", "mn": "accomplishment; execution", "fr": 7896}, {"w": "遂に", "rd": "ついに", "mn": "finally; in the end; at last", "fr": 14459}, {"w": "未遂", "rd": "みすい", "mn": "failed attempt (at a crime, suicide, etc.)", "fr": 14740}, {"w": "完遂", "rd": "かんすい", "mn": "successful execution; accomplishment; completion; fulfillment; carrying through", "fr": 16716}], "p": null}, {"k": "狂", "g": 8, "o": 1467, "f": 1425, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "くる.う、くる.おしい、くるお.しい", "m": "lunatic; insane; crazy; confuse", "pm": "lunatic", "r": [{"c": "犭", "nj": "けものへん", "ne": "beast"}, {"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}], "hc": "pack of wild dogs; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "lunatic", "hs": "A <b>lunatic</b> is literally one driven mad by the light of the moon, and the most famous of the  \" <b>looneys</b> \" are the legendary lycanthropes or \"wolfmen.\" Sometimes the transformation is only a temporary phenomenon, sometimes it is permanent. In the latter case, the poor chap takes off on all fours to live with the beasts. To remember this kanji, imagine one of these lycanthropes going <b>looney</b> and setting himself up as <i>king</i> of a <i>pack of wild dogs</i> that roams about and terrorizes innocent suburban communities.", "ks": "Oh no ! A <i>pack of dogs</i> has bitten the <i>king</i>. He has turned into a rabid <b>lunatic</b> !", "v": [{"w": "狂う", "rd": "くるう", "mn": "to go mad; to lose one's mind; to go crazy; to go insane", "fr": 3158}, {"w": "狂気", "rd": "きょうき", "mn": "madness; insanity", "fr": 8901}, {"w": "熱狂", "rd": "ねっきょう", "mn": "wild enthusiasm; being crazy about", "fr": 17848}, {"w": "狂乱", "rd": "きょうらん", "mn": "fury; frenzy; madness; wildness", "fr": 23863}, {"w": "狂奔", "rd": "きょうほん", "mn": "rushing around; running wild", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "狂言", "rd": "きょうげん", "mn": "kyogen", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "叫", "g": 8, "o": 1468, "f": 1426, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "さけ.ぶ", "m": "shout; exclaim; yell", "pm": "shout", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "丩", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "to join or connect the vine"}], "hc": "mouth; cornucopia", "hk": "shout", "hs": "Mouth . . . cornucopia.", "ks": "FOUR!! like in golf, someone shout s four and you see the golf ball right in front of you.", "v": [{"w": "叫ぶ", "rd": "さけぶ", "mn": "to shout; to cry (out); to scream; to shriek; to yell; to exclaim", "fr": 1637}, {"w": "叫び", "rd": "さけび", "mn": "shout; cry; outcry; yell; shriek; scream", "fr": 4411}, {"w": "叫び声", "rd": "さけびごえ", "mn": "shout; yell; scream; cry", "fr": 5023}, {"w": "絶叫", "rd": "ぜっきょう", "mn": "scream; shriek; shout; exclamation", "fr": 6816}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "緯", "g": 8, "o": 1469, "f": 1430, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "よこいと、ぬき", "m": "horizontal; woof; left & right; (parallels of) latitude; prediction", "pm": "horizontal", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "韋", "nj": "なめしがわ", "ne": "leather"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; locket; stick; key; mouth; monocle; sunglasses with one lens missing", "hk": "horizontal", "hs": "Thread . . . locket.", "ks": "Spiderman buys a <i>locket</i> for Mary Jane because he wants to get <b>HORIZONTAL</b> with her.", "v": [{"w": "経緯", "rd": "けいい", "mn": "details; particulars; sequence of events; circumstances; situation; how things g", "fr": 4759}, {"w": "緯度", "rd": "いど", "mn": "latitude", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "北緯", "rd": "ほくい", "mn": "north latitude", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "南緯", "rd": "なんい", "mn": "southern latitude", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "培", "g": 8, "o": 1470, "f": 1431, "j": null, "on": "バイ", "kun": "つちか.う", "m": "cultivate; foster", "pm": "cultivate", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "咅", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "to spit out"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; muzzle; vase; stand up; mouth", "hk": "cultivate", "hs": "The barrel hoops used by many Japanese farmers to stretch clear plastic over row of vegetables in a garden patch in the hopes of <b>cultivating</b> bigger and bigger vegetables is a way of <i>muzzling</i> the <i>soil</i>.", "ks": "To <b>cultivate</b> the <i>land</i> is to tame it, control it. In short, you <i>muzzle</i> it's unruly, chaotic nature. 培う つちかう to <b>cultivate</b> , to foster, 栽培 (さいばい) : cultivation.", "v": [{"w": "培う", "rd": "つちかう", "mn": "to cultivate; to foster", "fr": 11993}, {"w": "栽培", "rd": "さいばい", "mn": "cultivation", "fr": 17768}, {"w": "培養", "rd": "ばいよう", "mn": "culture; cultivation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "衰", "g": 8, "o": 1471, "f": 1432, "j": null, "on": "スイ", "kun": "おとろ.える", "m": "decline; wane; weaken", "pm": "decline", "r": [{"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "pathetic; stick; top hat; scarf; mouth", "hk": "decline", "hs": "Let this key word connote the <b>decline</b> and fall of the Roman Empire. It shows a fellow in a <i>top hat</i> and <i>scarf</i> , trying hard to look happy by putting a <i>walking stick</i> in his <i>mouth</i> sideways to twist his face into a grotesque but semi permanent smile.", "ks": "My kanji writing ability has decline d so much even my one looks pathetic.", "v": [{"w": "衰える", "rd": "おとろえる", "mn": "to become weak; to decline; to wear; to abate; to decay; to wither; to waste awa", "fr": 8045}, {"w": "衰弱", "rd": "すいじゃく", "mn": "weakness; debility; breakdown; prostration", "fr": 14728}, {"w": "衰退", "rd": "すいたい", "mn": "decline; degeneration; decay; waning; ebbing", "fr": 21924}, {"w": "老衰", "rd": "ろうすい", "mn": "senility; senile decay; infirmity (through age)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "盛衰", "rd": "せいすい", "mn": "rise and fall; ups and downs; welfare; vicissitudes", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "衰え", "rd": "おとろえ", "mn": "weakening; emaciation; decline", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "艇", "g": 8, "o": 1472, "f": 1433, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "", "m": "rowboat; small boat", "pm": "rowboat", "r": [{"c": "舟", "nj": "ふね", "ne": "ship"}, {"c": "廷", "nj": "テイ", "ne": "courts"}], "hc": "boat; courts; porter; drop; samurai; stretch", "hk": "rowboat", "hs": "Boat . . . courts.", "ks": "In venice, the <i>boat</i> used by the <i>courts</i> to transport criminals is a <b>rowboat</b>.", "v": [{"w": "競艇", "rd": "きょうてい", "mn": "kyōtei; boat race", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "舟艇", "rd": "しゅうてい", "mn": "boat; watercraft", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "艦艇", "rd": "かんてい", "mn": "naval vessels; warships", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "屈", "g": 8, "o": 1473, "f": 1434, "j": null, "on": "クツ", "kun": "かが.む、かが.める", "m": "yield; bend; flinch; submit", "pm": "yield", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "出", "nj": "シュツ", "ne": "exit"}], "hc": "flag; exit", "hk": "yield", "hs": "Flag . . . exit.", "ks": "When <b>yield</b> ing, soldiers raise the white <i>flag</i> before <i>exiting</i> from the trenches.", "v": [{"w": "退屈", "rd": "たいくつ", "mn": "tedious; boring; dull; uninteresting; tiresome; monotonous", "fr": 2420}, {"w": "理屈", "rd": "りくつ", "mn": "theory; reason; logic", "fr": 2992}, {"w": "屈辱", "rd": "くつじょく", "mn": "disgrace; humiliation", "fr": 5735}, {"w": "窮屈", "rd": "きゅうくつ", "mn": "narrow; tight; cramped", "fr": 6235}, {"w": "卑屈", "rd": "ひくつ", "mn": "servile; subservient; obsequious; slavish; self-abasing; grovelling; spineless", "fr": 12232}, {"w": "屈指", "rd": "くっし", "mn": "leading; foremost; preeminent; outstanding; one of the best", "fr": 14710}, {"w": "屈折", "rd": "くっせつ", "mn": "bending; curving; twisting; turning; winding", "fr": 23268}, {"w": "不屈", "rd": "ふくつ", "mn": "persistence; fortitude; indomitability", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "屈託", "rd": "くったく", "mn": "worry; care; concern", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "淡", "g": 8, "o": 1474, "f": 1436, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "あわ.い", "m": "thin; faint; pale; fleeting", "pm": "thin", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "炎", "nj": "エン", "ne": "inflammation"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; inflammation; fire", "hk": "thin", "hs": "The primitives in this kanji read: <i>water</i> . . . <i>inflammation</i>. Taking <i>inflammation</i> in its medical sense, the first <i>water</i> -related <i>inflammation</i> that pops into mind is dehydration, the principal symptom of which is that it makes one shrivel up and look very, very <b>thin</b>. If that is hard to remember, try thinking it backwards: a very <b>thin</b> chap passes by and you imagine him suffering from (being <i>inflamed</i> with) dehydration (hence the element for <i>water</i> ).", "ks": "Thin girls are twice as hot when they're wet.", "v": [{"w": "淡い", "rd": "あわい", "mn": "light; faint; pale; fleeting", "fr": 4586}, {"w": "淡々", "rd": "たんたん", "mn": "uninterested; unconcerned; indifferent; dispassionate; matter-of-fact; detached", "fr": 5767}, {"w": "冷淡", "rd": "れいたん", "mn": "cool; indifferent; apathetic; half-hearted", "fr": 21326}, {"w": "淡水", "rd": "たんすい", "mn": "fresh water (i.e. not salt water)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "淡白", "rd": "たんぱく", "mn": "light (flavor, color, etc.); simple; plain", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "濃淡", "rd": "のうたん", "mn": "light and shade; shade (of colour, color)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "抽", "g": 8, "o": 1475, "f": 1437, "j": null, "on": "チュウ", "kun": "ひき-", "m": "pluck; pull; extract; excel", "pm": "pluck", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "由", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "wherefore"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; sprout; shoot", "hk": "pluck", "hs": "Fingers . . . sprout.", "ks": "If you pluck your fingers , new ones will sprout in their place. (try it ,).", "v": [{"w": "抽出", "rd": "ちゅうしゅつ", "mn": "extraction; abstraction", "fr": 15744}, {"w": "抽選", "rd": "ちゅうせん", "mn": "lottery; raffle; drawing (of lots); balloting", "fr": 16624}, {"w": "抽象的", "rd": "ちゅうしょうてき", "mn": "abstract", "fr": 17073}, {"w": "抽象", "rd": "ちゅうしょう", "mn": "abstraction", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "披", "g": 8, "o": 1476, "f": 1438, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "", "m": "expose; open", "pm": "expose", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "皮", "nj": "けがわ", "ne": "skin"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; pelt; branch; ten; needle; crotch; hook", "hk": "expose", "hs": "Fingers . . . pelt.", "ks": "Fred Flintstone gets arrested for exposing himself to young cave-ladies. He does this by lifting his pelt with his fingers.", "v": [{"w": "披露", "rd": "ひろう", "mn": "announcement; presentation; demonstration; displaying; showing; introducing; unv", "fr": 4582}, {"w": "披瀝", "rd": "ひれき", "mn": "expressing one's opinion; speaking one's mind; making known; revealing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "披露宴", "rd": "ひろうえん", "mn": "reception (e.g. wedding); banquet; celebration; party", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "廷", "g": 8, "o": 1477, "f": 1439, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "", "m": "courts; imperial court; government office", "pm": "courts", "r": [{"c": "壬", "nj": "ニン", "ne": "9th calendar sign"}, {"c": "廴", "nj": "えんにょう", "ne": "to move"}], "hc": "porter; drop; samurai; stretch", "hk": "courts", "hs": "Those who rule the <b>courts</b> , the <i>porters</i> of justice and order, are often found to <i>stretch</i> the law to suit their own purposes. Recall the kanji for <i>prolong</i> from frame 419 and keep it distinct.", "ks": "The gentleman stretched the truth a bit in court.", "v": [{"w": "法廷", "rd": "ほうてい", "mn": "court (of law); courtroom", "fr": 18807}, {"w": "宮廷", "rd": "きゅうてい", "mn": "imperial court; royal court", "fr": 20190}, {"w": "出廷", "rd": "しゅってい", "mn": "appearance in court", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "開廷", "rd": "かいてい", "mn": "court session; trial", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "錦", "g": 8, "o": 1478, "f": 1440, "j": null, "on": "キン", "kun": "にしき", "m": "brocade; fine dress; honors", "pm": "brocade", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "帛", "nj": "ハク", "ne": "cloth"}], "hc": "metal; gold; napkin; white; dove; towel", "hk": "brocade", "hs": "A strip of <i>white towel</i> and some scraps of <i>metal</i> have the makings of a primitive kind of <b>brocade</b>.", "ks": "<b>Brocade</b> is the art of sewing <i>gold</i> on a <i>white towel</i>.", "v": [{"w": "錦", "rd": "にしき", "mn": "brocade", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "准", "g": 8, "o": 1479, "f": 1441, "j": null, "on": "ジュン", "kun": "", "m": "quasi-; semi-; associate", "pm": "quasi-", "r": [{"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "ice; turkey", "hk": "quasi-", "hs": "Ice . . . turkey.", "ks": "An iced turkey is only quasi- as-good-as fresh turkey.", "v": [{"w": "批准", "rd": "ひじゅん", "mn": "ratification", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "奨", "g": 8, "o": 1480, "f": 1445, "j": null, "on": "ショウ、ソウ", "kun": "すす.める", "m": "exhort; urge; encourage", "pm": "exhort", "r": [{"c": "将", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "leader"}, {"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}], "hc": "leader; turtle; claw; vulture; glue; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "exhort", "hs": "<i>Leader</i> . . . <i>St. Bernard dog</i>. Do not confuse with <i>urge</i> (Frame 300).", "ks": "It's easy to picture a LEADER that uses a BIG dog to <b>EXHORT</b> his people to do more.", "v": [{"w": "推奨", "rd": "すいしょう", "mn": "recommendation; endorsement", "fr": 14618}, {"w": "奨学金", "rd": "しょうがくきん", "mn": "scholarship; stipend; bursary; grant-in-aid", "fr": 24364}, {"w": "奨励", "rd": "しょうれい", "mn": "encouragement; promotion; inducement; incitement; stimulation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "勧奨", "rd": "かんしょう", "mn": "encouragement; stimulation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "報奨金", "rd": "ほうしょうきん", "mn": "cash bonus; reward; bounty", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "奨学", "rd": "しょうがく", "mn": "encouragement to study", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "推奨環境", "rd": "すいしょうかんきょう", "mn": "system requirements (i.e. recommended hardware and software to run a package)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "選奨", "rd": "せんしょう", "mn": "recommendation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "浸", "g": 8, "o": 1481, "f": 1447, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "ひた.す、ひた.る、つ.かる", "m": "immersed; soak; dip; steep; moisten; wet; dunk", "pm": "immersed", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; French maid; tickle; broom; crown; crotch", "hk": "immersed", "hs": "Water . . . broom . . . crown . . . crotch.", "ks": "The French maid draws a bath for her amorous master, but slips and falls in - getting <b>immersed</b>. (thanks to Nukemarine for the French maid image!).", "v": [{"w": "浸る", "rd": "ひたる", "mn": "to be soaked in; to be flooded; to be submerged", "fr": 4664}, {"w": "浸かる", "rd": "つかる", "mn": "to be submerged; to be soaked", "fr": 8162}, {"w": "浸透", "rd": "しんとう", "mn": "permeation (of thought, ideology, culture, etc.); infiltration (e.g. of ideas); ", "fr": 11453}, {"w": "浸す", "rd": "ひたす", "mn": "to soak; to dip; to steep; to immerse", "fr": 12088}, {"w": "水浸し", "rd": "みずびたし", "mn": "submersion; inundation; being flooded", "fr": 22358}, {"w": "浸食", "rd": "しんしょく", "mn": "erosion; corrosion", "fr": 23080}, {"w": "浸水", "rd": "しんすい", "mn": "inundation; submersion; flood", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "剰", "g": 8, "o": 1482, "f": 1448, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ", "kun": "あまつさえ、あま.り、あま.る", "m": "surplus; besides", "pm": "surplus", "r": [{"c": "乗", "nj": "ジョウ", "ne": "ride"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "ride; wheat; cereal; silage; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "surplus", "hs": "Ride . . . saber.", "ks": "We got a surplus of people on the hayride. Chop 'em off.", "v": [{"w": "過剰", "rd": "かじょう", "mn": "excess; surplus; superabundance; overabundance", "fr": 5630}, {"w": "余剰", "rd": "よじょう", "mn": "surplus; remainder; residue; margin; balance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "剰余金", "rd": "じょうよきん", "mn": "surplus; balance", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "胆", "g": 8, "o": 1483, "f": 1449, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "きも", "m": "gall bladder; courage; pluck; nerve", "pm": "gall bladder", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "旦", "nj": "タン", "ne": "daybreak"}], "hc": "gallbladder; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; nightbreak; sun; day; one; floor", "hk": "gall bladder", "hs": "The pieces in this character should be easily recognizable: on the left, the element for <i>part of the body</i> , and on the right, the character for <i>nightbreak</i> , which we have just met. What all of this has to do with the <b>gall bladder</b> is not immediately clear. But all we need to do is give a slight twist to the traditional biblical advice about not letting the sun set on your anger (which ancient medicine associated with the choler or bile that the <b>gall bladder</b> is supposed to filter out), and change it to  \"not letting the <i>night break</i> on your anger \" (or your <b>gall</b> ) - and the work of remembering the kanji is done. And the improvement is not a bad piece of advice in its own right, since anger, like so many other things, can often be calmed by letting the sun set on it and then \"sleeping it off.\"", "ks": "The moon has a lot of gall sticking around after sunrise.", "v": [{"w": "大胆", "rd": "だいたん", "mn": "bold; daring; audacious", "fr": 3251}, {"w": "落胆", "rd": "らくたん", "mn": "discouragement; despondency; dejection; disappointment", "fr": 8574}, {"w": "魂胆", "rd": "こんたん", "mn": "ulterior motive; plot; scheme", "fr": 9792}, {"w": "胆石", "rd": "たんせき", "mn": "gallstone", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "繊", "g": 8, "o": 1484, "f": 1451, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "", "m": "slender; fine; thin kimono", "pm": "slender", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "业", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "戈", "nj": "ほこ", "ne": "spear"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; Thanksgiving; harvest festival; ten; needle; fiesta; row", "hk": "slender", "hs": "Thread . . . Thanksgiving . . . row.", "ks": "<i>Spiderman</i> has to stay <b>slender</b> , so during <i>thanksgiving</i> , he keeps away from the long <i>row</i> of food.", "v": [{"w": "繊細", "rd": "せんさい", "mn": "dainty; delicate (e.g. fingers); fine; slim", "fr": 4224}, {"w": "繊維", "rd": "せんい", "mn": "fibre; fiber", "fr": 17738}, {"w": "化繊", "rd": "かせん", "mn": "synthetic fiber; synthetic fibre; chemical fiber; chemical fibre", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "合成繊維", "rd": "ごうせいせんい", "mn": "synthetic fibre; synthetic fiber", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "合繊", "rd": "ごうせん", "mn": "synthetic fiber; synthetic fibre", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "駒", "g": 8, "o": 1485, "f": 1452, "j": null, "on": "ク", "kun": "こま", "m": "pony; horse; colt", "pm": "pony", "r": [{"c": "馬", "nj": "うま", "ne": "horse"}, {"c": "句", "nj": "ク", "ne": "phrase"}], "hc": "team of horses; phrase; bound up; mouth", "hk": "pony", "hs": "<i>Team of horses</i> . . . <i>phrase</i>. In American slang, a <b>pony</b> is an underground translation of a classical text, which students who cannot manage the difficult <i>phrases</i> of the original language consult and pass on from one generation to the next.", "ks": "A phrase used to insult horses - is pony. They hate that.", "v": [{"w": "駒", "rd": "こま", "mn": "piece (in shogi, chess, etc.)", "fr": 7584}], "p": null}, {"k": "乾", "g": 8, "o": 1486, "f": 1453, "j": null, "on": "カン、ケン", "kun": "かわ.く、かわ.かす、ほ.す、ひ.る、いぬい", "m": "drought; dry; desiccate; drink up; heaven; emperor", "pm": "drought", "r": [{"c": "乞", "nj": "コツ", "ne": "beg"}], "hc": "mist; ten; needle; early; sun; day; beg; reclining; lying down; fishhook", "hk": "drought", "hs": "In times of <b>drought</b> anything at all will do. Here we see the victims <i>begging</i> for just a little <i>mist</i> for relief.", "ks": "During a drought , even mist is begged for.", "v": [{"w": "乾杯", "rd": "かんぱい", "mn": "cheers; bottoms-up; prosit", "fr": 2669}, {"w": "乾く", "rd": "かわく", "mn": "to get dry", "fr": 4607}, {"w": "乾燥", "rd": "かんそう", "mn": "dryness; aridity; drying (e.g. clothes); dehydration; desiccation", "fr": 9208}, {"w": "乾かす", "rd": "かわかす", "mn": "to dry (clothes, etc.); to desiccate", "fr": 9700}, {"w": "乾電池", "rd": "かんでんち", "mn": "dry cell battery", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "乾季", "rd": "かんき", "mn": "dry season", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "乾物", "rd": "かんぶつ", "mn": "dry provisions; dried food; dried goods; groceries", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "虚", "g": 8, "o": 1487, "f": 1454, "j": null, "on": "キョ、コ", "kun": "むな.しい、うつ.ろ", "m": "void; emptiness; unpreparedness; crack; fissure; untruth", "pm": "void", "r": [{"c": "虍", "nj": "とらがしら", "ne": "tiger"}, {"c": "业", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "tiger; row", "hk": "void", "hs": "Tigers . . . row.", "ks": "If you stand in a row of tigers (tiger - you - tiger) there will soon be a void (tiger - void \\- tiger).", "v": [{"w": "虚しい", "rd": "むなしい", "mn": "empty; void; vacant", "fr": 8811}, {"w": "虚空", "rd": "こくう", "mn": "empty space; empty sky", "fr": 11308}, {"w": "謙虚", "rd": "けんきょ", "mn": "modest; humble", "fr": 11515}, {"w": "空虚", "rd": "くうきょ", "mn": "emptiness; hollowness; vacancy; void", "fr": 15148}, {"w": "虚無", "rd": "きょむ", "mn": "nihility; nothingness", "fr": 18200}, {"w": "虚偽", "rd": "きょぎ", "mn": "falsehood; untruth; lie; misinformation", "fr": 20645}, {"w": "虚構", "rd": "きょこう", "mn": "fiction; fabrication; concoction", "fr": 21942}, {"w": "虚弱", "rd": "きょじゃく", "mn": "feebleness; weakness; imbecility", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "虚心", "rd": "きょしん", "mn": "open-minded; receptive; free from preconceived ideas", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "虚栄", "rd": "きょえい", "mn": "vanity; vainglory", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "虚栄心", "rd": "きょえいしん", "mn": "vanity", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "霊", "g": 8, "o": 1488, "f": 1458, "j": null, "on": "レイ、リョウ", "kun": "たま", "m": "spirits; soul", "pm": "spirits", "r": [{"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "亚", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "rain; weather; two; row", "hk": "spirits", "hs": "<i>Rain</i> . . . <i>two</i> . . . <i>row</i>. This character will refer only to the inhabitants of the  \" <b>spirit</b> world, \" and not to moods or temperaments, for which we will learn another character in frame 2030.", "ks": "When it rains , the spirits have to cross between the two worlds in a rowboat.", "v": [{"w": "幽霊", "rd": "ゆうれい", "mn": "ghost; specter; spectre; apparition; phantom", "fr": 3657}, {"w": "霊", "rd": "れい", "mn": "soul; spirit; departed soul; ghost", "fr": 6702}, {"w": "亡霊", "rd": "ぼうれい", "mn": "departed spirit; soul of the dead", "fr": 11863}, {"w": "慰霊", "rd": "いれい", "mn": "consoling the spirits of the dead", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慰霊祭", "rd": "いれいさい", "mn": "memorial service", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "霊園", "rd": "れいえん", "mn": "(garden) cemetery; park-style cemetery; memorial park", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "悔", "g": 8, "o": 1489, "f": 1460, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "く.いる、く.やむ、くや.しい", "m": "repent; regret", "pm": "repent", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "毎", "nj": "マイ", "ne": "every"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; every; reclining; lying down; mother; breasts", "hk": "repent", "hs": "<i>State of mind</i> . . . <i>every</i> (See frame 497).", "ks": "\"For all have sinned…\" so <i>every</i> one's <i>state of mind</i> should be to <b>repent</b>.", "v": [{"w": "後悔", "rd": "こうかい", "mn": "regret; repentance; remorse", "fr": 998}, {"w": "悔しい", "rd": "くやしい", "mn": "frustrated (over a failure, humiliation or injustice); annoyed; chagrined; (bitt", "fr": 1326}, {"w": "悔やむ", "rd": "くやむ", "mn": "to mourn; to lament", "fr": 6987}, {"w": "悔い", "rd": "くい", "mn": "regret; repentance", "fr": 8005}, {"w": "悔いる", "rd": "くいる", "mn": "to regret", "fr": 11626}, {"w": "悔し泣き", "rd": "くやしなき", "mn": "crying from vexation; tears of regret", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "諭", "g": 8, "o": 1490, "f": 1461, "j": null, "on": "ユ", "kun": "さと.す", "m": "rebuke; admonish; charge; warn; persuade", "pm": "rebuke", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "兪", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "affirmative response"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; meeting of butchers; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "rebuke", "hs": "The stern tone of a <b>rebuke</b> is seen here in the image of <i>words</i> spoken at a <i>meeting</i> of <i>butchers</i> (See frame 307) waving their choppers at one another and  \"cutting one another down\" as only <i>butchers</i> can.", "ks": "A PETA activist <i>speaks</i> at a <i>meeting</i> of <i>butchers</i> to <b>rebuke</b> them.", "v": [{"w": "諭す", "rd": "さとす", "mn": "to make (someone) understand (a fault, mistake, etc.); to reason with; to advise", "fr": 9254}, {"w": "教諭", "rd": "きょうゆ", "mn": "(licensed) teacher", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "祈", "g": 8, "o": 1491, "f": 1462, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "いの.る", "m": "pray; wish", "pm": "pray", "r": [{"c": "礻", "nj": "しめすへん", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "斤", "nj": "おのづくり", "ne": "axe"}], "hc": "altar; axe", "hk": "pray", "hs": "Altar . . . ax.", "ks": "A warrior pray s for victory before the battle. He kneels at the altar , his battle axe at the ready.", "v": [{"w": "祈る", "rd": "いのる", "mn": "to pray; to say a prayer; to say grace", "fr": 1762}, {"w": "祈り", "rd": "いのり", "mn": "prayer; supplication", "fr": 7131}, {"w": "祈願", "rd": "きがん", "mn": "prayer (for something); supplication", "fr": 19723}, {"w": "祈念", "rd": "きねん", "mn": "prayer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "祈祷", "rd": "きとう", "mn": "prayer; grace (at meals)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "惨", "g": 8, "o": 1492, "f": 1463, "j": null, "on": "サン、ザン", "kun": "みじ.め、いた.む、むご.い", "m": "wretched; disaster; cruelty; harsh", "pm": "wretched", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "参", "nj": "サン", "ne": "nonplussed"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; nonplussed; visit; elbow; large; St. Bernard; shape", "hk": "wretched", "hs": "A state of mind . . . visit.", "ks": "Data feels wretched because he has no family to visit.", "v": [{"w": "惨め", "rd": "みじめ", "mn": "miserable; wretched; unhappy; sad; pitiable", "fr": 5494}, {"w": "悲惨", "rd": "ひさん", "mn": "disastrous; tragic; miserable; wretched; pitiful; woeful; outrageous", "fr": 7583}, {"w": "惨状", "rd": "さんじょう", "mn": "disastrous scene; terrible spectacle", "fr": 12003}, {"w": "惨敗", "rd": "ざんぱい", "mn": "ignominious defeat; crushing failure; utterly beaten; overwhelming defeat", "fr": 21937}, {"w": "惨事", "rd": "さんじ", "mn": "disaster; tragedy; tragic incident; horrible accident", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "虐", "g": 8, "o": 1493, "f": 1464, "j": null, "on": "ギャク", "kun": "しいた.げる", "m": "tyrannize; oppress", "pm": "tyrannize", "r": [{"c": "虍", "nj": "とらがしら", "ne": "tiger"}], "hc": "tiger; one; box", "hk": "tyrannize", "hs": "<i>Tiger</i> . . . <i>box</i> with a <i>one</i> in it (or a backwards <i>broom</i> , if that makes it easier).", "ks": "Here we see the evil tyrannizing tiger. What is on his chest? A giant E, for EVIL, of course.", "v": [{"w": "虐め", "rd": "いじめ", "mn": "bullying; teasing", "fr": 6157}, {"w": "虐待", "rd": "ぎゃくたい", "mn": "abuse; ill-treatment; maltreatment; mistreatment; cruelty", "fr": 12565}, {"w": "虐げる", "rd": "しいたげる", "mn": "to oppress; to persecute; to tyrannize", "fr": 15775}, {"w": "残虐", "rd": "ざんぎゃく", "mn": "cruel; brutal; savage; barbarous", "fr": 16531}, {"w": "虐殺", "rd": "ぎゃくさつ", "mn": "slaughter; massacre", "fr": 16775}, {"w": "暴虐", "rd": "ぼうぎゃく", "mn": "tyranny; atrocity", "fr": 23320}], "p": null}, {"k": "翻", "g": 8, "o": 1494, "f": 1465, "j": null, "on": "ホン、ハン", "kun": "ひるがえ.る、ひるがえ.す", "m": "flip; turn over; wave; flutter; change (mind)", "pm": "flip", "r": [{"c": "番", "nj": "バン", "ne": "turn"}, {"c": "羽", "nj": "はね", "ne": "feather"}], "hc": "dice; animal tracks; drop; rice; rice field; brains; feathers; wings", "hk": "flip", "hs": "Dice . . . feathers.", "ks": "Don't play <i>dice</i> with birds. When you're not looking, they'll <b>flip</b> the <i>dice</i> with their <i>feathers</i>.", "v": [{"w": "翻弄", "rd": "ほんろう", "mn": "having at one's mercy; trifling with; toying with; playing with; making a fool o", "fr": 6711}, {"w": "翻訳", "rd": "ほんやく", "mn": "translation", "fr": 12143}, {"w": "翻す", "rd": "ひるがえす", "mn": "to turn over", "fr": 13917}, {"w": "翻る", "rd": "ひるがえる", "mn": "to flutter (in the wind); to wave; to flap; to fly", "fr": 19962}, {"w": "翻意", "rd": "ほんい", "mn": "changing one's mind", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "翻案", "rd": "ほんあん", "mn": "adaptation (of a novel, play, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "墜", "g": 8, "o": 1495, "f": 1466, "j": null, "on": "ツイ", "kun": "お.ちる、お.つ", "m": "crash; fall (down)", "pm": "crash", "r": [{"c": "隊", "nj": "タイ", "ne": "regiment"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "regiment; pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; animal horns; sow; pig; wart hog; regimental mascot; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "crash", "hs": "Regiment . . . ground.", "ks": "One of the members of our air force <i>regiment</i> has been shot down, he managed to safely eject, but his plane <b>crash</b> ed into the <i>ground</i>.", "v": [{"w": "墜落", "rd": "ついらく", "mn": "fall; crash (of an aircraft)", "fr": 12618}, {"w": "撃墜", "rd": "げきつい", "mn": "shooting down (an aircraft)", "fr": 20899}, {"w": "失墜", "rd": "しっつい", "mn": "abasement; fall; forfeiture; sinking (in people's estimation)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "沼", "g": 8, "o": 1496, "f": 1467, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "ぬま", "m": "marsh; lake; bog; swamp; pond", "pm": "marsh", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "召", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "seduce"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; summon; seduce; sword; dagger; mouth", "hk": "marsh", "hs": "Unlike the meadow with its cliffs, the <b>marsh</b> lands are low and near a source of <i>water</i> that feeds them until they get soggy through and through. Why certain land becomes <b>marshy</b> is probably due to the fact that it felt thirsty, and so tried its best to <i>seduce</i> the <i>water</i> over to its side. But, like most inordinate <i>seductions</i> , the last state of the victim is worse than the first. Hence the slushy <b>marsh</b>.", "ks": "A marsh is where water is seduced into the ground.", "v": [{"w": "沼", "rd": "ぬま", "mn": "marsh; swamp; wetland; bog; pond", "fr": 9131}, {"w": "泥沼", "rd": "どろぬま", "mn": "bog; marsh; swamp; quagmire; morass", "fr": 15575}, {"w": "沼地", "rd": "ぬまち", "mn": "marshland; wetland; swampland", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "沼沢", "rd": "しょうたく", "mn": "marsh; swamp; bog", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "沼田", "rd": "ぬまた", "mn": "deep-mud paddy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "湖沼", "rd": "こしょう", "mn": "lake; marsh; wetland; inland waters", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "据", "g": 8, "o": 1497, "f": 1468, "j": null, "on": "キョ", "kun": "す.える、す.わる", "m": "set; lay a foundation; install; equip; squat down; sit down", "pm": "set", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "居", "nj": "キョ", "ne": "reside"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; reside; flag; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "set", "hs": "Fingers . . . reside.", "ks": "The man <b>set</b> his <i>finger</i> firmly on the map and said \"Here is where they <i>reside</i> , I am certain of it\".", "v": [{"w": "据える", "rd": "すえる", "mn": "to place (in position); to fix; to set (e.g. table); to lay (foundation)", "fr": 9575}, {"w": "据え付ける", "rd": "すえつける", "mn": "to install; to equip; to mount; to fix (in place); to set up", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "据え置き", "rd": "すえおき", "mn": "deferment (e.g. of savings); leaving (a thing) as it stands", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "徐", "g": 8, "o": 1498, "f": 1470, "j": null, "on": "ジョ", "kun": "おもむ.ろに", "m": "gradually; slowly; deliberately; gently", "pm": "gradually", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "余", "nj": "ヨ", "ne": "too much"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; scales; too much; umbrella; potato; small", "hk": "gradually", "hs": "Line . . . scale.", "ks": "I set up a column chart next to my scales so I could record my weight gradually changing.", "v": [{"w": "徐々に", "rd": "じょじょに", "mn": "gradually; steadily; slowly; little by little; step by step; by degrees", "fr": 3856}, {"w": "徐行", "rd": "じょこう", "mn": "going slowly (esp. to enable a vehicle to stop immediately); going at a reduced ", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "搭", "g": 8, "o": 1499, "f": 1472, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "", "m": "board; load (a vehicle); ride", "pm": "board", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "荅", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "adzuki beans"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; flowers; fit; meeting; umbrella; one; mouth", "hk": "board", "hs": "The key word refers to <b>boarding</b> vessels for travel. Its elements are: <i>finger</i> . . . <i>flowers</i> . . . <i>fit together</i> (See frame 270).", "ks": "When you board the ship on the way out from Hawaii a beautiful crewmember takes her fingers and fits a lei around you ….a lei is flowers fitted together with your fingers.", "v": [{"w": "搭載", "rd": "とうさい", "mn": "loading (on a ship); equipping (an aircraft, car, etc.) with; being equipped wit", "fr": 11789}, {"w": "搭乗", "rd": "とうじょう", "mn": "embarkation; boarding (a ship or aircraft)", "fr": 20255}], "p": null}, {"k": "髪", "g": 8, "o": 1500, "f": 1474, "j": null, "on": "ハツ", "kun": "かみ", "m": "hair of the head", "pm": "hair of the head", "r": [{"c": "髟", "nj": "かみかんむり", "ne": "long hair"}, {"c": "友", "nj": "ユウ", "ne": "friend"}], "hc": "hairstyle; hair; shape; friend", "hk": "hair of the head", "hs": "Hair . . . shape . . . friend.", "ks": "Friends influence the length and shape of each other's hair.", "v": [{"w": "髪", "rd": "かみ", "mn": "hair (on the head)", "fr": 1094}, {"w": "髪の毛", "rd": "かみのけ", "mn": "hair (on the head); (a) hair", "fr": 3450}, {"w": "金髪", "rd": "きんぱつ", "mn": "blond hair; blonde hair; golden hair", "fr": 6287}, {"w": "前髪", "rd": "まえがみ", "mn": "forelock; bangs", "fr": 6585}, {"w": "髪型", "rd": "かみがた", "mn": "hair style; coiffure; hairdo", "fr": 6762}, {"w": "間一髪", "rd": "かんいっぱつ", "mn": "hair's breadth", "fr": 11634}, {"w": "白髪", "rd": "しらが", "mn": "white hair; grey hair; gray hair", "fr": 11882}, {"w": "髪形", "rd": "かみがた", "mn": "hair style; coiffure; hairdo", "fr": 14893}, {"w": "散髪", "rd": "さんぱつ", "mn": "(having a) haircut; hair-cutting; hair-dressing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "洗髪", "rd": "せんぱつ", "mn": "washing one's hair; having a shampoo", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "理髪", "rd": "りはつ", "mn": "haircut", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "頭髪", "rd": "とうはつ", "mn": "hair (on the head)", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 150, "rp": 11, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "忙", "g": 8, "o": 1501, "f": 1475, "j": null, "on": "ボウ、モウ", "kun": "いそが.しい、せわ.しい、おそ.れる、うれえるさま", "m": "busy; occupied; restless", "pm": "busy", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "亡", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "deceased"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; deceased; perish; top hat; fishhook", "hk": "busy", "hs": "State of mind . . . perish.", "ks": "<b>Busy</b> (as in \"occupied\") means a <i>state of mind</i> where all other thoughts are <i>perished</i>.", "v": [{"w": "忙しい", "rd": "いそがしい", "mn": "busy; occupied; hectic", "fr": 631}, {"w": "多忙", "rd": "たぼう", "mn": "being very busy; busyness", "fr": 13023}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 440, "rp": 7, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "盾", "g": 8, "o": 1502, "f": 1476, "j": null, "on": "ジュン", "kun": "たて", "m": "shield; escutcheon; pretext", "pm": "shield", "r": [{"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}], "hc": "drag; ten; needle; eye", "hk": "shield", "hs": "Dragging . . . ten eyes.", "ks": "This is a magic <b>shield</b> with <i>ten eyes</i> which have the power to <i>drag</i> the victim towards it.", "v": [{"w": "盾", "rd": "たて", "mn": "shield; buckler; escutcheon", "fr": 3853}, {"w": "矛盾", "rd": "むじゅん", "mn": "contradiction; inconsistency", "fr": 4410}, {"w": "後ろ盾", "rd": "うしろだて", "mn": "backing; support; backer; supporter; patron; sponsor", "fr": 14313}], "p": null}, {"k": "滝", "g": 8, "o": 1503, "f": 1478, "j": null, "on": "ロウ、ソウ", "kun": "たき", "m": "waterfall; rapids; cascade", "pm": "waterfall", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "竜", "nj": "リュウ", "ne": "dragon"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; dragon; vase; stand up; eel; sun; day", "hk": "waterfall", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>vase</i> . . . <i>eels</i>. To avoid the confusion mentioned in the previous frame, the character learned there for <i>dragon</i> should not be used as a primitive.", "ks": "The Water Dragon dwells in the <b>waterfall</b>.", "v": [{"w": "滝", "rd": "たき", "mn": "waterfall", "fr": 7548}, {"w": "滝口", "rd": "たきぐち", "mn": "top of a waterfall", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "滝川", "rd": "たきがわ", "mn": "rapids", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "軌", "g": 8, "o": 1504, "f": 1480, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "", "m": "rut; wheel; track; model; way of doing", "pm": "rut", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "九", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "nine"}], "hc": "car; nine; baseball", "hk": "rut", "hs": "Combine the primary and secondary meanings of this keyword to form your story. Begin with the <i>car</i> whose tires get caught in a <b>rut</b> and spin without going anywhere. Then go onto the <i>baseball team</i> who can't win a game because it has fallen into a <b>rut</b> of losing.", "ks": "I got my car stuck in a rut ! I'm gonna have to call 999 !", "v": [{"w": "軌道", "rd": "きどう", "mn": "orbit; trajectory", "fr": 7371}, {"w": "軌跡", "rd": "きせき", "mn": "tire track", "fr": 14079}, {"w": "常軌", "rd": "じょうき", "mn": "normal course (of action); proper course; regular way", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "妨", "g": 8, "o": 1505, "f": 1482, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "さまた.げる", "m": "disturb; prevent; hamper; obstruct", "pm": "disturb", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}], "hc": "compass; direction; woman", "hk": "disturb", "hs": "Imagine a <i>compass</i> that is <b>disturbed</b> every time a <i>woman</i> passes by, sending the needle spinning madly round and round.", "ks": "Capt. Jack Sparrow's compass gets <b>disturb</b> ed every time a beautiful woman walks by him (just picture Keira Knightley in her sexy asian outfit as Elizabeth and the image will be fixed forever).", "v": [{"w": "妨害", "rd": "ぼうがい", "mn": "obstruction; hindrance; blocking; disturbance; interference; interruption; sabot", "fr": 5427}, {"w": "妨げる", "rd": "さまたげる", "mn": "to disturb; to prevent; to obstruct; to hinder", "fr": 11386}, {"w": "妨げ", "rd": "さまたげ", "mn": "obstruction; hindrance", "fr": 20779}], "p": null}, {"k": "擦", "g": 8, "o": 1506, "f": 1485, "j": null, "on": "サツ", "kun": "す.る、す.れる、-ず.れ、こす.る、こす.れる", "m": "grate; rub; scratch; scrape; chafe; scour", "pm": "grate", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "察", "nj": "サツ", "ne": "guess"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; guess; house; ritual; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; crotch; altar; show; two; small", "hk": "grate", "hs": "Fingers . . . guess.", "ks": "If you mis-guess the cheese you'll <b>grate</b> your fingers on the cheese-grater (happens to me all the time).", "v": [{"w": "擦る", "rd": "こする", "mn": "to rub; to scrub; to scrape", "fr": 6478}, {"w": "摩擦", "rd": "まさつ", "mn": "friction", "fr": 12060}, {"w": "擦り傷", "rd": "すりきず", "mn": "scratch; graze; scrape; abrasion", "fr": 22945}], "p": null}, {"k": "鯨", "g": 8, "o": 1507, "f": 1486, "j": null, "on": "ゲイ", "kun": "くじら", "m": "whale", "pm": "whale", "r": [{"c": "魚", "nj": "うお", "ne": "fish"}, {"c": "京", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "capital"}], "hc": "fish; bound up; rice field; brains; oven-fire; barbecue; capital; tall; top hat; mouth; small; little", "hk": "whale", "hs": "The <b>whale</b> swallows a whole school of fish, who turn their new abode into a proper little <i>fish-capital</i>.", "ks": "If <i>fish</i> were cities, the <b>whale</b> would surely be the <i>capital</i>.", "v": [{"w": "捕鯨", "rd": "ほげい", "mn": "whaling; whale hunting; whale fishing", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "鯨肉", "rd": "げいにく", "mn": "whale meat", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "荘", "g": 8, "o": 1508, "f": 1489, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、ショウ、チャン", "kun": "ほうき、おごそ.か", "m": "villa; inn; cottage; feudal manor; solemn; dignified", "pm": "villa", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "壮", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "robust"}], "hc": "flowers; robust; turtle; samurai", "hk": "villa", "hs": "The <b>villa</b> pictured here is filled with exotic <i>flowers</i> at every turn, and has a pair of <i>turtle-samurai</i> standing before its gates.", "ks": "A <b>villa</b> is fancier (decorated with <i>flowers</i> ) and more <i>robust</i> than the average.", "v": [{"w": "別荘", "rd": "べっそう", "mn": "holiday house; vacation home; villa", "fr": 10572}, {"w": "荘厳", "rd": "そうごん", "mn": "solemn; sublime; grand; magnificent; impressive", "fr": 19388}, {"w": "山荘", "rd": "さんそう", "mn": "mountain villa; mountain retreat; mountain cottage", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "諾", "g": 8, "o": 1509, "f": 1490, "j": null, "on": "ダク", "kun": "", "m": "consent; assent; agreement", "pm": "consent", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "若", "nj": "ジャク", "ne": "young"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; young; flowers; by one’s side; mouth", "hk": "consent", "hs": "The <i>words</i> of the <i>young</i> do not have legal validity unless backed up by \"parental <b>consent</b>. \"", "ks": "Consent is words given to the young.", "v": [{"w": "承諾", "rd": "しょうだく", "mn": "consent; approval; acceptance; agreement; compliance", "fr": 6270}, {"w": "内諾", "rd": "ないだく", "mn": "informal consent; private consent", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "受諾", "rd": "じゅだく", "mn": "acceptance", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "許諾", "rd": "きょだく", "mn": "consent; assent; approval; permission", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "諾否", "rd": "だくひ", "mn": "consent or refusal; yes or no; decision to accept or decline; up or down (vote);", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "雷", "g": 8, "o": 1510, "f": 1491, "j": null, "on": "ライ", "kun": "かみなり、いかずち、いかづち", "m": "thunder; lightning bolt", "pm": "thunder", "r": [{"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}, {"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}], "hc": "rain; weather; rice field; brains", "hk": "thunder", "hs": "The full rumble and roar and terror of <b>thunder</b> is best felt not with your head tucked under your pillow safe in bed, but out in an open <i>rice field</i> where you can get the real feel of the <i>weather</i>.", "ks": "If it's <i>raining</i> and you're standing in the middle of a <i>rice field</i> , you're sure to soon become acquainted with the <b>thunder</b> up close and personal.", "v": [{"w": "雷", "rd": "かみなり", "mn": "lightning; thunder; thunderbolt", "fr": 4439}, {"w": "雷鳴", "rd": "らいめい", "mn": "thunder; thunderclap; crash of thunder", "fr": 11243}, {"w": "地雷", "rd": "じらい", "mn": "land mine", "fr": 13134}, {"w": "落雷", "rd": "らくらい", "mn": "lightning strike; lightning bolt", "fr": 21159}, {"w": "機雷", "rd": "きらい", "mn": "(sea) mine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雷雨", "rd": "らいう", "mn": "thunderstorm; thundershower", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "魚雷", "rd": "ぎょらい", "mn": "torpedo", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "漂", "g": 8, "o": 1511, "f": 1492, "j": null, "on": "ヒョウ", "kun": "ただよ.う", "m": "drift; float (on liquid)", "pm": "drift", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "票", "nj": "ヒョウ", "ne": "ballot"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; ballot; old west; altar; show; two; small", "hk": "drift", "hs": "Water . . . ballot.", "ks": "Drift ing on the water we held a ballot to decide who to kick off the raft.", "v": [{"w": "漂う", "rd": "ただよう", "mn": "to drift; to float", "fr": 3257}, {"w": "漂流", "rd": "ひょうりゅう", "mn": "drifting; drift; being adrift", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漂白", "rd": "ひょうはく", "mn": "blanching; bleaching", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漂白剤", "rd": "ひょうはくざい", "mn": "bleaching agent; bleach", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漂着", "rd": "ひょうちゃく", "mn": "drifting ashore", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "懐", "g": 8, "o": 1512, "f": 1493, "j": null, "on": "カイ、エ", "kun": "ふところ、なつ.かしい、なつ.かしむ、なつ.く、なつ.ける、なず.ける、いだ.く、おも.う", "m": "feelings; heart; yearn; miss someone; become attached to; bosom; breast; pocket", "pm": "feelings", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; poltergeist; BernaE; ten; needle; eye; cross-eyed; net; top hat; scarf; cloth; clothes; clothing; garment", "hk": "pocket", "hs": "State of mind . . . needle . . . eyes . . . garment.", "ks": "Data is a good security officer because his piercing eyes can even scan garments for hidden pocket s.", "v": [{"w": "懐かしい", "rd": "なつかしい", "mn": "dear (old); fondly remembered; beloved; missed; nostalgic", "fr": 1280}, {"w": "懐", "rd": "ふところ", "mn": "inside the breast of one's clothing (esp. kimono); bosom; (breast) pocket", "fr": 4576}, {"w": "懐かしむ", "rd": "なつかしむ", "mn": "to yearn for (someone, something); to miss", "fr": 16089}, {"w": "懐中電灯", "rd": "かいちゅうでんとう", "mn": "(electric) torch; flashlight", "fr": 16528}, {"w": "懐柔", "rd": "かいじゅう", "mn": "winning over; placation; gentle persuasion", "fr": 20346}, {"w": "懐疑", "rd": "かいぎ", "mn": "doubt; skepticism; scepticism; disbelief", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "述懐", "rd": "じゅっかい", "mn": "speaking about (one's thoughts, memories, etc.); relating (one's feelings, remin", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "勘", "g": 8, "o": 1513, "f": 1494, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "", "m": "intuition; perception; check; compare; sixth sense", "pm": "intuition", "r": [{"c": "甚", "nj": "ジン", "ne": "tremendously"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "tremendously; bushel basket; hamper; equal; human legs; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "intuition", "hs": "Tremendously . . . muscle.", "ks": "A woman's intuition is TREMENDOUSLY POWERful.", "v": [{"w": "勘違い", "rd": "かんちがい", "mn": "misunderstanding; mistaken idea; wrong guess", "fr": 1077}, {"w": "勘弁", "rd": "かんべん", "mn": "pardon; forgiveness; forbearance", "fr": 1678}, {"w": "勘", "rd": "かん", "mn": "perception; intuition; the sixth sense", "fr": 3053}, {"w": "勘定", "rd": "かんじょう", "mn": "calculation; computation; counting; reckoning; count", "fr": 17006}, {"w": "割り勘", "rd": "わりかん", "mn": "splitting the cost; splitting the bill; Dutch treat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "勘案", "rd": "かんあん", "mn": "taking into consideration; giving consideration (to)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "栽", "g": 8, "o": 1514, "f": 1496, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "", "m": "plantation; planting", "pm": "plantation", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "Thanksgiving; harvest festival; ten; needle; fiesta; tree; wood", "hk": "plantation", "hs": "On a fruit <b>plantation</b> it is the <i>trees</i> that one is particularly grateful for at the time of <i>Thanksgiving</i>. Imagine yourself inviting a few representative <i>trees</i> from the fields and orchards to join you around the table to give thanks.", "ks": "The <b>plantation</b> is where we get our Christmas trees. We pick them out at Thanksgiving to be sure we get a good one.", "v": [{"w": "栽培", "rd": "さいばい", "mn": "cultivation", "fr": 17768}, {"w": "盆栽", "rd": "ぼんさい", "mn": "bonsai; miniature potted plant", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "拐", "g": 8, "o": 1515, "f": 1498, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "", "m": "kidnap; falsify", "pm": "kidnap", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "刀", "nj": "かたな", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; mouth; sword; dagger", "hk": "kidnap", "hs": "Finger . . . mouth . . . dagger.", "ks": "Wrap your FINGERS around someone's MOUTH to keep them quiet, then put the KNIFE to their throat to ensure their cooperation. This is the best way to <b>KIDNAP</b> someone.", "v": [{"w": "誘拐", "rd": "ゆうかい", "mn": "abduction; kidnapping; kidnaping", "fr": 5067}], "p": null}, {"k": "駄", "g": 8, "o": 1516, "f": 1500, "j": null, "on": "ダ、タ", "kun": "", "m": "burdensome; pack horse; horse load; send by horse; trivial; worthless", "pm": "burdensome", "r": [{"c": "馬", "nj": "うま", "ne": "horse"}, {"c": "太", "nj": "タイ", "ne": "plump"}], "hc": "team of horses; plump; large; St. Bernard; drop", "hk": "burdensome", "hs": "Team of horses . . . plump.", "ks": "If a passenger is too plump and heavy, its too burdensome for the horse.", "v": [{"w": "無駄", "rd": "むだ", "mn": "futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness", "fr": 1085}, {"w": "駄目", "rd": "だめ", "mn": "no good; not serving its purpose; useless; broken", "fr": 2059}, {"w": "無駄遣い", "rd": "むだづかい", "mn": "waste (of money, time, etc.); squandering; frittering away", "fr": 11379}, {"w": "下駄", "rd": "げた", "mn": "geta", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "駄菓子", "rd": "だがし", "mn": "penny candy; cheap individually wrapped sweets", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駄菓子屋", "rd": "だがしや", "mn": "small-time candy store; penny candy store", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "添", "g": 8, "o": 1517, "f": 1501, "j": null, "on": "テン", "kun": "そ.える、そ.う", "m": "annexed; accompany; marry; suit; meet; satisfy; attach; append; garnish; imitate", "pm": "annexed", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "忝", "nj": "テン", "ne": "grateful"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; heavens; valentine", "hk": "annexed", "hs": "Water . . . heavens . . . valentine.", "ks": "He drank all the holy water, so god annexed his heart to heaven.", "v": [{"w": "添える", "rd": "そえる", "mn": "to garnish; to accompany (as a card does a gift)", "fr": 4000}, {"w": "巻き添え", "rd": "まきぞえ", "mn": "getting mixed up in; getting embroiled in; involvement; entanglement; by-blow", "fr": 11900}, {"w": "付き添い", "rd": "つきそい", "mn": "attendance (on); chaperonage", "fr": 12197}, {"w": "力添え", "rd": "ちからぞえ", "mn": "help; assistance; service", "fr": 17579}, {"w": "添付", "rd": "てんぷ", "mn": "attaching (documents, etc.); appending; affixing", "fr": 23640}, {"w": "添う", "rd": "そう", "mn": "to meet (wishes, expectations, etc.); to satisfy; to comply with; to live up to", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "添乗", "rd": "てんじょう", "mn": "accompanying (on a trip); escorting (a tour group)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "添削", "rd": "てんさく", "mn": "correction; looking over; touching up", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "添加", "rd": "てんか", "mn": "addition; annexing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "添加物", "rd": "てんかぶつ", "mn": "additive", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "食品添加物", "rd": "しょくひんてんかぶつ", "mn": "food additive", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "汗", "g": 8, "o": 1518, "f": 1502, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "あせ", "m": "sweat; perspire", "pm": "sweat", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "干", "nj": "かん", "ne": "to dry"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; dry; clothesline", "hk": "sweat", "hs": "Water . . . dry.", "ks": "The way <b>sweat</b> is supposed to work: it gets your skin <i>wet</i> , and then as it evaporates/ <i>dries</i> , it cools you off.", "v": [{"w": "汗", "rd": "あせ", "mn": "sweat; perspiration", "fr": 1816}, {"w": "冷や汗", "rd": "ひやあせ", "mn": "cold sweat", "fr": 8941}, {"w": "発汗", "rd": "はっかん", "mn": "sweating; perspiration; sudation; hidrosis; diaphoresis", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 2, "rp": 33, "l": 6, "n": "汗 洋服"}}, {"k": "冠", "g": 8, "o": 1519, "f": 1503, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "かんむり", "m": "crown; best; peerless", "pm": "crown", "r": [{"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "元", "nj": "ゲン", "ne": "beginning"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "beginning; two; human legs; glue", "hk": "crown", "hs": "By having the <b>crown</b> pass from one age to the next, a people keeps itself <i>glued</i> to its <i>beginnings</i>.", "ks": "That crown was glued together from the beginning …I swear!", "v": [{"w": "冠", "rd": "かんむり", "mn": "traditional cap worn by Shinto clergy and courtiers", "fr": 16990}, {"w": "王冠", "rd": "おうかん", "mn": "crown; diadem", "fr": 23653}, {"w": "三冠馬", "rd": "さんかんば", "mn": "winner of Japan's three main horse races", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "冠婚葬祭", "rd": "かんこんそうさい", "mn": "important ceremonial occasions in family relationships", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弱冠", "rd": "じゃっかん", "mn": "twenty years of age", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "栄冠", "rd": "えいかん", "mn": "laurels; garland", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "斜", "g": 8, "o": 1520, "f": 1504, "j": null, "on": "シャ", "kun": "なな.め、はす", "m": "diagonal; slanting; oblique", "pm": "diagonal", "r": [{"c": "余", "nj": "ヨ", "ne": "too much"}, {"c": "斗", "nj": "ますづくり", "ne": "big dipper"}], "hc": "scales; too much; umbrella; potato; small; mmeasuring cup; big dipper; The Plough; drop; ten; needle", "hk": "diagonal", "hs": "Scale . . . measuring cup.", "ks": "The main bar of an old-fashioned <i>scale(balance)</i> will be very <b>diagonal</b> if you place a giant <i>measuring cup</i> on one side.", "v": [{"w": "斜め", "rd": "ななめ", "mn": "slanting; tilted; sloping; diagonal; oblique", "fr": 5854}, {"w": "斜面", "rd": "しゃめん", "mn": "slope; slanting surface; bevel", "fr": 15729}, {"w": "傾斜", "rd": "けいしゃ", "mn": "inclination; slant; slope; bevel; list; dip; tilt; lean", "fr": 20585}, {"w": "斜体", "rd": "しゃたい", "mn": "oblique type; slanted type", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "斜陽", "rd": "しゃよう", "mn": "setting sun", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "浪", "g": 8, "o": 1521, "f": 1508, "j": null, "on": "ロウ", "kun": "", "m": "wandering; waves; billows; reckless; unrestrained", "pm": "wandering", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "良", "nj": "リョウ", "ne": "good"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; halo; drop; silver", "hk": "wandering", "hs": "Water . . . halo.", "ks": "Jesus (the halo) wanders idly over the water.", "v": [{"w": "浪費", "rd": "ろうひ", "mn": "waste; extravagance", "fr": 14086}, {"w": "浪人", "rd": "ろうにん", "mn": "ronin; masterless samurai", "fr": 17656}, {"w": "放浪", "rd": "ほうろう", "mn": "wandering; roaming; drifting", "fr": 18767}, {"w": "波浪", "rd": "はろう", "mn": "waves; billows; surge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "流浪", "rd": "るろう", "mn": "vagrancy; wandering; nomadism", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浮浪者", "rd": "ふろうしゃ", "mn": "vagrant; vagabond; tramp; homeless person; hobo; bum", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "亜", "g": 8, "o": 1522, "f": 1509, "j": null, "on": "ア", "kun": "つ.ぐ", "m": "Asia; rank next; come after; -ous", "pm": "Asia", "r": [{"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "roman two; mouth", "hk": "Asia", "hs": "In this kanji, the abbreviation for <b>Asia</b> , you should be able to see the character for <i>mouth</i> behind the Roman numeral II.", "ks": "A mouth barred up and not aloud to speak freely is the sign of asia (korea, China, pakistan etc).", "v": [{"w": "亜熱帯", "rd": "あねったい", "mn": "subtropics", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "亜鉛", "rd": "あえん", "mn": "zinc (Zn)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "東亜", "rd": "とうあ", "mn": "East Asia; the Orient", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "詐", "g": 8, "o": 1523, "f": 1511, "j": null, "on": "サ", "kun": "いつわ.る", "m": "lie; falsehood; deceive; pretend", "pm": "lie", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "乍", "nj": "サ", "ne": "though"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; saw", "hk": "lie", "hs": "The <b>lie</b> in this character refers to falsehoods and fibs. Its elements: <i>words</i> . . . <i>saw</i>.", "ks": "Pinnochio gets frustrated that every time he utters a <i>word</i> of a <b>lie</b> , his nose grows and he has to get the <i>saw</i> out again.", "v": [{"w": "詐欺", "rd": "さぎ", "mn": "fraud; swindle; graft; cheating; trick; scam", "fr": 6255}, {"w": "詐欺師", "rd": "さぎし", "mn": "swindler; fraudster; trickster; con man", "fr": 12376}, {"w": "詐取", "rd": "さしゅ", "mn": "defrauding; swindle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "詐称", "rd": "さしょう", "mn": "misrepresentation; false statement", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "壇", "g": 8, "o": 1524, "f": 1512, "j": null, "on": "ダン、タン", "kun": "", "m": "podium; stage; rostrum; terrace", "pm": "podium", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "亶", "nj": "タン", "ne": "truly"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; Churchill; top hat; -times; pent in; mouth; nightbreak; sun; day; one; floor", "hk": "podium", "hs": "<i>Soil/ground</i> . . . <i>top hat</i> . . . <i>-times</i> . . . <i>nightbreak</i>. With kanji as difficult as this one, it generally pays to toy with the various connotations of its primitives before settling on one image. Aim for as much simplicity as you can.", "ks": "A man on the <b>podium</b> announce the rules for the contest: You must fill a <i>top hat with dirt as many times</i> as you can by <i>nightbreak</i>.", "v": [{"w": "花壇", "rd": "かだん", "mn": "flower bed", "fr": 14802}, {"w": "祭壇", "rd": "さいだん", "mn": "altar", "fr": 14843}, {"w": "土壇場", "rd": "どたんば", "mn": "last moment; eleventh hour", "fr": 15001}, {"w": "壇上", "rd": "だんじょう", "mn": "on a stage; on a platform; on an altar", "fr": 15448}, {"w": "教壇", "rd": "きょうだん", "mn": "(teacher's) platform; podium; dais", "fr": 22334}, {"w": "壇", "rd": "だん", "mn": "platform; podium; rostrum; pulpit", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "仏壇", "rd": "ぶつだん", "mn": "Buddhist (household) altar", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "文壇", "rd": "ぶんだん", "mn": "literary world; literary circles", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "演壇", "rd": "えんだん", "mn": "rostrum; platform", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "勲", "g": 8, "o": 1525, "f": 1513, "j": null, "on": "クン", "kun": "いさお", "m": "meritorious deed; merit", "pm": "meritorious deed", "r": [{"c": "動", "nj": "ドウ", "ne": "move"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "move; heavy; thousand; ri; computer; power; muscle; arnold; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "meritorious deed", "hs": "<i>Move</i> . . . <i>oven fire</i>. So as not to confuse this kanji with the general character for <i>merit</i> (Frame 1369), you may associate the key word with military decorations and medals of distinction, both of which it is used for.", "ks": "A <b>meritorious deed</b>? Like moving a damsel in distress out of a fire, maybe.", "v": [{"w": "勲章", "rd": "くんしょう", "mn": "decoration; order; medal", "fr": 16079}, {"w": "叙勲", "rd": "じょくん", "mn": "conferring of decorations", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "文化勲章", "rd": "ぶんかくんしょう", "mn": "Order of Culture (Japan); Order of Cultural Merit (South Korea)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "殊勲", "rd": "しゅくん", "mn": "distinguished services; meritorious deeds", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "魔", "g": 8, "o": 1526, "f": 1514, "j": null, "on": "マ", "kun": "", "m": "witch; demon; evil spirit", "pm": "witch", "r": [{"c": "麻", "nj": "あさ", "ne": "hemp"}, {"c": "鬼", "nj": "おに", "ne": "demon"}], "hc": "hemp; cliff; grove; tree; wood; ghost; oni; drop; brains; rice field; human legs; elbow", "hk": "witch", "hs": "<i>Hemp</i> . . . <i>ghost</i>. Take care not to confuse with the primitive of the same name we learned earlier (Frame 458).", "ks": "The <b>witch</b> sold me some <i>hemp</i> that made me see <i>ghosts</i> don't do drugs.", "v": [{"w": "邪魔", "rd": "じゃま", "mn": "hindrance; obstacle; nuisance; disturbance; interruption; interference", "fr": 518}, {"w": "魔法", "rd": "まほう", "mn": "magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell", "fr": 2010}, {"w": "悪魔", "rd": "あくま", "mn": "devil; demon; fiend", "fr": 2345}, {"w": "魔", "rd": "ま", "mn": "demon; devil; evil spirit; evil influence", "fr": 3984}, {"w": "お邪魔します", "rd": "おじゃまします", "mn": "please excuse the intrusion; I'm coming in", "fr": 4206}, {"w": "魔力", "rd": "まりょく", "mn": "magical powers; supernatural powers; spell; charm", "fr": 5539}, {"w": "誤魔化す", "rd": "ごまかす", "mn": "to deceive; to cheat; to swindle", "fr": 5931}, {"w": "魔女", "rd": "まじょ", "mn": "witch", "fr": 6378}, {"w": "魔術", "rd": "まじゅつ", "mn": "magic; sorcery; witchcraft", "fr": 9759}, {"w": "魔法瓶", "rd": "まほうびん", "mn": "thermos bottle; vacuum flask", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "酬", "g": 8, "o": 1527, "f": 1515, "j": null, "on": "シュウ、シュ、トウ", "kun": "むく.いる", "m": "repay; reward; retribution", "pm": "repay", "r": [{"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}, {"c": "州", "nj": "シュウ", "ne": "state"}], "hc": "whiskey bottle; state; stream; drop", "hk": "repay", "hs": "Whiskey bottle . . . state.", "ks": "Imagine a different kind of tax refund - instead of money, the state <b>repay</b> s you with whiskey.", "v": [{"w": "報酬", "rd": "ほうしゅう", "mn": "remuneration; recompense; reward; toll", "fr": 4228}, {"w": "応酬", "rd": "おうしゅう", "mn": "exchange (of words, views, punches, cups, etc.); give-and-take", "fr": 17584}, {"w": "無報酬", "rd": "むほうしゅう", "mn": "unpaid; without pay; gratuitous; voluntary", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "紫", "g": 8, "o": 1528, "f": 1516, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "むらさき", "m": "purple; violet", "pm": "purple", "r": [{"c": "此", "nj": "シ", "ne": "this"}, {"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}], "hc": "Prince; this here; stop; footprint; spoon; sitting on the ground; thread; spiderman", "hk": "purple", "hs": "Footprint . . . spoon . . . thread.", "ks": "Why is your ass purple? Well, I stopped and sat for a bit on a pile of thread … (I guess it was freshly dyed).", "v": [{"w": "紫", "rd": "むらさき", "mn": "purple; violet", "fr": 6824}, {"w": "紫色", "rd": "むらさきいろ", "mn": "purple; violet", "fr": 12174}, {"w": "紫外線", "rd": "しがいせん", "mn": "ultraviolet rays; ultraviolet radiation; UV radiation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紫陽花", "rd": "あじさい", "mn": "bigleaf hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla); French hydrangea", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "湿", "g": 8, "o": 1529, "f": 1517, "j": null, "on": "シツ、シュウ", "kun": "しめ.る、しめ.す、うるお.う、うるお.す", "m": "damp; wet; moist", "pm": "damp", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "业", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; sun; day; row", "hk": "damp", "hs": "Water . . . sun . . . row.", "ks": "When your things are damp , you line them up in a row under the sun.", "v": [{"w": "湿る", "rd": "しめる", "mn": "to become damp; to become moist; to become wet", "fr": 6717}, {"w": "湿気", "rd": "しっけ", "mn": "moisture; humidity; dampness", "fr": 14758}, {"w": "湿度", "rd": "しつど", "mn": "humidity", "fr": 16484}, {"w": "湿っぽい", "rd": "しめっぽい", "mn": "damp; humid; wet", "fr": 17387}, {"w": "多湿", "rd": "たしつ", "mn": "high humidity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "湿原", "rd": "しつげん", "mn": "marshy grassland; wetlands", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "湿地", "rd": "しっち", "mn": "damp ground; wetland; bog; marsh", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "湿疹", "rd": "しっしん", "mn": "eczema; rash", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "紋", "g": 8, "o": 1530, "f": 1519, "j": null, "on": "モン", "kun": "", "m": "family crest; figures", "pm": "family crest", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "文", "nj": "ぶん", "ne": "literature"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; sentence; plaid; kilt; Billy Connolly", "hk": "family crest", "hs": "Thread . . . plaid.", "ks": "Who knew that <i>Spiderman</i> was <i>Scottish!</i> He has sewn his <b>family crest</b> onto his uniform.", "v": [{"w": "指紋", "rd": "しもん", "mn": "fingerprint", "fr": 10229}, {"w": "紋章", "rd": "もんしょう", "mn": "crest; coat of arms", "fr": 15416}, {"w": "波紋", "rd": "はもん", "mn": "ripple; ring on the water", "fr": 15615}, {"w": "紋", "rd": "もん", "mn": "(family) crest; coat of arms", "fr": 21578}, {"w": "紋切り型", "rd": "もんきりがた", "mn": "formulaic; stereotyped; hackneyed", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "卸", "g": 8, "o": 1531, "f": 1520, "j": null, "on": "シャ", "kun": "おろ.す、おろし、おろ.し", "m": "wholesale", "pm": "wholesale", "r": [{"c": "午", "nj": "ゴ", "ne": "noon"}, {"c": "正", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "correct"}, {"c": "卩", "nj": "ふしづくり", "ne": "stamp"}], "hc": "horseshoe; horse; pantomime horse; noon; sign of the horse; stop; footprint; stamp", "hk": "wholesale", "hs": "The left primitive is a union of <i>a horse</i> and <i>footprint</i>. To the right, the <i>stamp</i>.", "ks": "Selling <b>WHOLESALE</b> HORSES over the internet had to be STOPPED because the cost of STAMPS was too much.", "v": [{"w": "卸す", "rd": "おろす", "mn": "to sell wholesale", "fr": 24460}, {"w": "卸", "rd": "おろし", "mn": "wholesale", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "卸値", "rd": "おろしね", "mn": "wholesale price", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "卸売", "rd": "おろしうり", "mn": "wholesale; wholesaling", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "卸売市場", "rd": "おろしうりしじょう", "mn": "wholesale market", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "卸売物価", "rd": "おろしうりぶっか", "mn": "wholesale price", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "欄", "g": 8, "o": 1532, "f": 1523, "j": null, "on": "ラン", "kun": "てすり", "m": "column; handrail; blank; space", "pm": "column", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "闌", "nj": "ラン", "ne": "rise high"}], "hc": "tree; wood; gates; east; tree; wood; sun; day", "hk": "column", "hs": "Tree . . . gates . . . east.", "ks": "A <b>column</b> of text scratched on a black tree beside the <i>gates of Hell</i> : To the <i>East</i> lies The Beast.", "v": [{"w": "欄", "rd": "らん", "mn": "section (e.g. in a newspaper); column; page", "fr": 11339}, {"w": "本欄", "rd": "ほんらん", "mn": "this column", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "欄外", "rd": "らんがい", "mn": "margin", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "欄干", "rd": "らんかん", "mn": "railing; guard rail; handrail; banister; balustrade; parapet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "空欄", "rd": "くうらん", "mn": "blank column; blank space", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "逸", "g": 8, "o": 1533, "f": 1524, "j": null, "on": "イツ", "kun": "そ.れる、そ.らす、はぐ.れる", "m": "deviate; idleness; leisure; miss the mark; evade; elude; parry; diverge", "pm": "deviate", "r": [{"c": "免", "nj": "メン", "ne": "excuse"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "deviate; village stocks; rabbit; bound up; human legs; road", "hk": "elude", "hs": "Rabbit . . . road.", "ks": "Bugs Bunny elude s Elmer Fudd by pretending to be road kill.", "v": [{"w": "逸らす", "rd": "そらす", "mn": "to turn away (one's eyes, face, etc.); to avert; to divert (e.g. one's attention", "fr": 6167}, {"w": "逸れる", "rd": "それる", "mn": "to turn away; to bear off; to veer away; to swerve from; to miss (e.g. a target)", "fr": 10822}, {"w": "逸脱", "rd": "いつだつ", "mn": "deviation; departure", "fr": 15824}, {"w": "逸品", "rd": "いっぴん", "mn": "excellent article; fine item; rare beauty; masterpiece; gem", "fr": 19258}, {"w": "逸話", "rd": "いつわ", "mn": "anecdote; story; episode", "fr": 19291}, {"w": "秀逸", "rd": "しゅういつ", "mn": "excellent; superb; first-rate", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "涯", "g": 8, "o": 1534, "f": 1525, "j": null, "on": "ガイ", "kun": "はて", "m": "horizon; shore; limit; bound", "pm": "horizon", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "厓", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "precipice"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; cliff; ivy; square jewel; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "horizon", "hs": "After seeing a constant <b>horizon</b> of <i>water</i> , <i>water</i> everywhere for months at sea, could there be anything more delightful to the eyes than to look astern and see the <i>ivy</i> -clad <i>cliffs</i> of land on a new <b>horizon</b>? Of course, you'd need the eyes of a stellar telescope to recognize that the vegetation was in fact <i>ivy</i> , but the phrase \" <i>ivy</i> -clad <i>cliffs</i> \" has such a nice ring to it that we won't worry about such details.", "ks": "From the water, I can see the ivy-clad-cliffs on the horizon.", "v": [{"w": "生涯", "rd": "しょうがい", "mn": "life; lifetime; career", "fr": 4313}, {"w": "生涯教育", "rd": "しょうがいきょういく", "mn": "lifelong education; continuing education; further education", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "拓", "g": 8, "o": 1535, "f": 1526, "j": null, "on": "タク", "kun": "ひら.く", "m": "clear (the land); open; break up (land)", "pm": "clear (the land)", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; stone; rock", "hk": "clear the land", "hs": "Fingers . . . rocks.", "ks": "To clear the land, farmers use their fingers to get the stones out.", "v": [{"w": "開拓", "rd": "かいたく", "mn": "reclamation (e.g. of wasteland); cultivation; development", "fr": 13149}, {"w": "干拓", "rd": "かんたく", "mn": "land reclamation (from sea)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拓本", "rd": "たくほん", "mn": "rubbing; rubbed copy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拓殖", "rd": "たくしょく", "mn": "colonization; colonisation; development; settlement; exploitation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "開拓者", "rd": "かいたくしゃ", "mn": "pioneer; settler; colonist", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "瓶", "g": 8, "o": 1536, "f": 1528, "j": null, "on": "ビン、ヘイ", "kun": "かめ", "m": "bottle; vial; jar; jug; vat; urn", "pm": "bottle", "r": [{"c": "并", "nj": "ヘイ", "ne": "put together"}, {"c": "瓦", "nj": "かわら", "ne": "tile"}], "hc": "puzzle; horns; two hands; tile; one; ceiling; cane; stick; drop; fishhook; ice", "hk": "flower pot", "hs": "Puzzle . . . tile.", "ks": "A <b>flower pot</b> that has been dropped on the floor is like a puzzle of ceramic tiles to glue together.", "v": [{"w": "瓶", "rd": "びん", "mn": "bottle; jar; decanter; flagon; phial; vial", "fr": 6433}, {"w": "花瓶", "rd": "かびん", "mn": "(flower) vase", "fr": 14630}, {"w": "瓶詰", "rd": "びんづめ", "mn": "bottling", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "火炎瓶", "rd": "かえんびん", "mn": "Molotov cocktail; petrol bomb; gasoline bomb", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "瓶詰め", "rd": "びんづめ", "mn": "bottling", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "魔法瓶", "rd": "まほうびん", "mn": "thermos bottle; vacuum flask", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "獄", "g": 8, "o": 1537, "f": 1529, "j": null, "on": "ゴク", "kun": "", "m": "prison; jail", "pm": "prison", "r": [{"c": "犭", "nj": "けものへん", "ne": "beast"}, {"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "犬", "nj": "いぬ", "ne": "dog"}], "hc": "pack of wild dogs; say; words; keitai; mouth; chihuahua; dog; large; drop", "hk": "prison", "hs": "Although we did not make note of it at the time, the kanji for <i>dog</i> is also a low-grade term for a spy. And later (Frame 1517) we will meet another association of criminals with <i>dogs</i>. The <b>prison</b> here depicts a <i>pack of wild dogs</i> (the long-timers and hardened criminals) into which the poor little c <i>hihuahua</i> (first offender) has been cast. The only thing he has to protect himself against the pack are his shrill and frightened <i>words</i>.", "ks": "Prison is a dog-say-dog world.", "v": [{"w": "地獄", "rd": "じごく", "mn": "hell realm; Naraka", "fr": 1638}, {"w": "監獄", "rd": "かんごく", "mn": "prison", "fr": 18894}, {"w": "出獄", "rd": "しゅつごく", "mn": "release (from prison)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "獄中", "rd": "ごくちゅう", "mn": "during imprisonment; while in jail", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "疑獄", "rd": "ぎごく", "mn": "bribery scandal; graft case", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "尚", "g": 8, "o": 1538, "f": 1531, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "なお", "m": "esteem; furthermore; still; yet", "pm": "esteem", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "冋", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "desert"}], "hc": "small; little; alien; glass canopy; hood; mouth", "hk": "esteem", "hs": "Above we see the primitive for <i>little</i> attached to one of those <i>glass canopies</i> you might use to display a family heirloom. The <i>littleness</i> is important, because what is in fact on display is the shrunken, stuffed, and mounted <i>mouth</i> of an <b>esteemed</b> ancestor. We may be used to <b>esteeming</b> the words our forebears leave behind, but here we also <b>esteem</b> the very <i>mouth</i> that spoke them. I leave it to you to imagine a suitable place in your room for displaying such an unusual conversation piece.", "ks": "An especially <b>esteem</b> ed alien has three antennae on his helmet.", "v": [{"w": "尚更", "rd": "なおさら", "mn": "still more; even more; all the more", "fr": 11763}, {"w": "尚且つ", "rd": "なおかつ", "mn": "besides; furthermore; on top of that", "fr": 13387}, {"w": "尚", "rd": "なお", "mn": "still; yet", "fr": 13849}, {"w": "高尚", "rd": "こうしょう", "mn": "high; noble; refined; advanced", "fr": 21651}, {"w": "和尚", "rd": "おしょう", "mn": "priestly teacher; preceptor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "時期尚早", "rd": "じきしょうそう", "mn": "premature", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "彫", "g": 8, "o": 1539, "f": 1533, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "ほ.る、-ぼ.り", "m": "carve; engrave; chisel", "pm": "carve", "r": [{"c": "周", "nj": "シュウ", "ne": "circumference"}, {"c": "彡", "nj": "さんづくり", "ne": "hair-style"}], "hc": "circumference; running track; glass hood; earthenware jar; lidded crock; soil; dirt; ground; mouth; shape", "hk": "carve", "hs": "The two primitives here, <i>circumference</i> and <i>shape</i> , belong naturally to the special connotations that differentiate <b>carving</b> from <i>engraving</i> (see frame 1639).", "ks": "Start with a <i>circumference</i> and <b>carve</b> away until you get the <i>shape</i> you want.", "v": [{"w": "彫る", "rd": "ほる", "mn": "to carve; to engrave; to sculpt; to chisel", "fr": 13217}, {"w": "彫刻", "rd": "ちょうこく", "mn": "carving; engraving; sculpture", "fr": 13868}, {"w": "彫像", "rd": "ちょうぞう", "mn": "(carved) statue; sculpture", "fr": 21575}, {"w": "彫塑", "rd": "ちょうそ", "mn": "carving; engraving", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "彫金", "rd": "ちょうきん", "mn": "chasing; metal carving; metal engraving", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "木彫", "rd": "もくちょう", "mn": "wood carving; wooden sculpture; woodcraft", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "木彫り", "rd": "きぼり", "mn": "wood carving; woodcraft", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "浮き彫り", "rd": "うきぼり", "mn": "relief; embossed carving", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "咲", "g": 8, "o": 1540, "f": 1534, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "さ.く、-ざき", "m": "blossom; bloom", "pm": "blossom", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "关", "nj": "", "ne": "frontier pass"}], "hc": "mouth; golden calf; horns; heavens", "hk": "blossom", "hs": "Mouth . . . golden calf.", "ks": "A horny St. Bernard so desperate, it tries to use the opening in a flower blossom.", "v": [{"w": "咲く", "rd": "さく", "mn": "to bloom; to flower; to blossom; to open", "fr": 3977}, {"w": "咲き乱れる", "rd": "さきみだれる", "mn": "to bloom in profusion", "fr": 22892}, {"w": "返り咲き", "rd": "かえりざき", "mn": "comeback (e.g. in business); reinstatement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遅咲き", "rd": "おそざき", "mn": "blooming late; flowering late; blossoming late", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "穏", "g": 8, "o": 1541, "f": 1535, "j": null, "on": "オン", "kun": "おだ.やか", "m": "calm; quiet; moderation", "pm": "calm", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "爫", "nj": "つめかんむり", "ne": "claw"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; hideaway; claw; vulture; broom; heart", "hk": "calm", "hs": "Wheat . . . vulture . . . broom . . . heart.", "ks": "The farmer is calm knowing that his wheat fields are protected from vultures by his strawman with a heart (all the better to do the job properly).", "v": [{"w": "穏やか", "rd": "おだやか", "mn": "calm; quiet; gentle; peaceful; mild", "fr": 2294}, {"w": "平穏", "rd": "へいおん", "mn": "tranquil; calm; restful; peaceful; quiet", "fr": 5283}, {"w": "不穏", "rd": "ふおん", "mn": "disquieting; threatening; turbulent; restless; unsettled; disturbing", "fr": 6372}, {"w": "穏便", "rd": "おんびん", "mn": "gentle; peaceable; amicable; quiet", "fr": 9658}, {"w": "穏健", "rd": "おんけん", "mn": "moderate (view, politics, etc.); temperate; sensible; sober; non-radical", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "穏当", "rd": "おんとう", "mn": "proper; reasonable; right; appropriate", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "顕", "g": 8, "o": 1542, "f": 1536, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "あきらか、あらわ.れる", "m": "appear; existing", "pm": "appear", "r": [{"c": "显", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "sun; day; row; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "appear", "hs": "Sun . . . row . . . heads.", "ks": "One day a <i>row</i> of <i>Suns</i> <b>appear</b> ed in the sky, turning everyone's <i>heads</i> upwards.", "v": [{"w": "顕著", "rd": "けんちょ", "mn": "remarkable; striking; obvious", "fr": 16887}, {"w": "顕微鏡", "rd": "けんびきょう", "mn": "microscope", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "顕在", "rd": "けんざい", "mn": "being actual (as opposed to hidden or latent); being apparent; being obvious; be", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "顕彰", "rd": "けんしょう", "mn": "honouring (publicly); honoring; making someone's good deeds or achievements well", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "巧", "g": 8, "o": 1543, "f": 1537, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "たく.み、たく.む、うま.い", "m": "adroit; skilled; ingenuity", "pm": "adroit", "r": [{"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}, {"c": "丂", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "obstruction of breath (qi) as it seeks release"}], "hc": "craft; snare", "hk": "adroit", "hs": "Craft . . . snare.", "ks": "To be adroit one must have mastered the crafting of snares.", "v": [{"w": "巧み", "rd": "たくみ", "mn": "skillful; adroit; dexterous; masterful; clever; ingenious; cunning", "fr": 8934}, {"w": "巧妙", "rd": "こうみょう", "mn": "ingenious; skillful; clever; deft; sophisticated", "fr": 12335}, {"w": "精巧", "rd": "せいこう", "mn": "elaborate; delicate; exquisite", "fr": 16606}, {"w": "巧拙", "rd": "こうせつ", "mn": "skill; workmanship; dexterity; quality", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "巧者", "rd": "こうしゃ", "mn": "cleverness; skill; tact", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "技巧", "rd": "ぎこう", "mn": "technique; finesse", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "矛", "g": 8, "o": 1544, "f": 1538, "j": null, "on": "ム、ボウ", "kun": "ほこ", "m": "halberd; arms; festival float", "pm": "halberd", "r": [{"c": "予", "nj": "ヨ", "ne": "beforehand"}, {"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}], "hc": "beforehand", "hk": "halberd", "hs": "The <b>halberd's</b> battle-ax head and long shaft are depicted here. Take care with the number and order of the strokes.", "ks": "マオ Zedong always carried a <b>halberd</b>.", "v": [{"w": "矛盾", "rd": "むじゅん", "mn": "contradiction; inconsistency", "fr": 4410}, {"w": "矛先", "rd": "ほこさき", "mn": "point of a spear; spearhead", "fr": 10844}, {"w": "矛", "rd": "ほこ", "mn": "long-handled Chinese spear; lance; pike", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "垣", "g": 8, "o": 1545, "f": 1539, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "かき", "m": "hedge; fence; wall", "pm": "hedge", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "亘", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "span"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; span; one; ceiling; sun; day; one; floor; one", "hk": "hedge", "hs": "The <b>hedge</b> depicted in this frame is the miraculous <b>hedge</b> of briar roses that completely <i>spanned</i> the castle <i>grounds</i> in which Sleeping Beauty lay for a hundred years, so that none but her predestined beloved could find his way through it.", "ks": "The HEDGE spans the GROUNDS of the estate.", "v": [{"w": "垣間見る", "rd": "かいまみる", "mn": "to take a peep at; to catch a glimpse of", "fr": 16735}, {"w": "垣根", "rd": "かきね", "mn": "hedge; fence", "fr": 19966}, {"w": "垣", "rd": "かき", "mn": "fence; hedge; railing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "生垣", "rd": "いけがき", "mn": "hedge", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "石垣", "rd": "いしがき", "mn": "stone wall", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "召", "g": 8, "o": 1546, "f": 1540, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "め.す", "m": "seduce; call; send for; wear; put on; ride in; buy; eat; drink; catch (cold)", "pm": "seduce", "r": [{"c": "刀", "nj": "かたな", "ne": "knife"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "sword; dagger; mouth", "hk": "seduce", "hs": "A <i>sword</i> or <i>dagger</i> posed over a <i>mouth</i> is how the character for \"beckoning\" is written. The related but less tame key word <b>seduce</b> was chosen because it seemed to fit better with the - how shall we put it? - Freudian implications of the kanji. (Observe if you will that it is not sure whether the long slender object is <b>seducing</b> the small round one or vice versa.)", "ks": "A man is easily <b>seduce</b> d by a mouth to his \"sword.\".", "v": [{"w": "召し上がる", "rd": "めしあがる", "mn": "to eat; to drink", "fr": 4436}, {"w": "召喚", "rd": "しょうかん", "mn": "summons; subpoena; citation", "fr": 8457}, {"w": "召す", "rd": "めす", "mn": "to call; to summon; to send for; to invite", "fr": 22711}, {"w": "召集", "rd": "しょうしゅう", "mn": "convening; calling together (e.g. parliament); call-up (for military service)", "fr": 22952}, {"w": "応召", "rd": "おうしょう", "mn": "responding to a call-up for military service; answering a call-up", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "欺", "g": 8, "o": 1547, "f": 1541, "j": null, "on": "ギ", "kun": "あざむ.く", "m": "deceit; cheat; delude", "pm": "deceit", "r": [{"c": "其", "nj": "キ", "ne": "that"}, {"c": "欠", "nj": "あくび", "ne": "to lack"}], "hc": "bushel basket; hamper; animal legs; eight; lack; yawn", "hk": "deceit", "hs": "Bushel basket . . . yawn.", "ks": "Kasparov practices <b>deceit</b> by grabbing your <i>rook</i> while pretending to <i>yawn</i>.", "v": [{"w": "詐欺", "rd": "さぎ", "mn": "fraud; swindle; graft; cheating; trick; scam", "fr": 6255}, {"w": "欺く", "rd": "あざむく", "mn": "to deceive; to delude; to trick; to fool", "fr": 9127}, {"w": "詐欺師", "rd": "さぎし", "mn": "swindler; fraudster; trickster; con man", "fr": 12376}], "p": null}, {"k": "釣", "g": 8, "o": 1548, "f": 1542, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "つ.る、つ.り、つ.り-", "m": "angling; fish; catch; allure; ensnare", "pm": "angling", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "勺", "nj": "シャク", "ne": "ladle"}], "hc": "metal; gold; ladle; bound up; drop", "hk": "angling", "hs": "The character we learned for <i>fishing</i> (Frame 184) refers to the professional, net-casting industry, while the <b>angling</b> of this character refers to the sport. The odd thing is that your <b>angling</b> rod is a <i>golden</i> <i>ladle</i> which you are using to scoop <i>gold</i> fish out of a river.", "ks": "The easiest angling is pulling gold fish out with a big ladle.", "v": [{"w": "釣る", "rd": "つる", "mn": "to fish; to angle; to catch", "fr": 5098}, {"w": "釣り", "rd": "つり", "mn": "fishing; angling", "fr": 6245}, {"w": "釣り合う", "rd": "つりあう", "mn": "to balance; to be in harmony; to be in equilibrium", "fr": 9842}, {"w": "お釣り", "rd": "おつり", "mn": "change (for a purchase)", "fr": 18291}, {"w": "釣り合い", "rd": "つりあい", "mn": "balance; equilibrium", "fr": 24497}, {"w": "不釣合い", "rd": "ふつりあい", "mn": "imbalance; disproportion; disparity; mismatch; asymmetry", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "釣り堀", "rd": "つりぼり", "mn": "fish pond (artificially stocked); fishing pond", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "釣り針", "rd": "つりばり", "mn": "fish hook", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "釣り銭", "rd": "つりせん", "mn": "change (for a purchase)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "缶", "g": 8, "o": 1549, "f": 1543, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "かま", "m": "tin can; container; jar radical (no. 121)", "pm": "tin can", "r": [{"c": "缶", "nj": "みずがめ", "ne": "earthen jar"}], "hc": "noon; sign of the horse; shovel", "hk": "tin can", "hs": "Though the meaning has no reference to animals, the parts do: <i>horse</i> with a <i>mountain</i> underneath.", "ks": "The starving horse , stranded on the mountain , is forced to eat a tasty tin can.", "v": [{"w": "缶", "rd": "かん", "mn": "can; tin", "fr": 7518}, {"w": "缶詰", "rd": "かんづめ", "mn": "canned food; tinned food", "fr": 15466}, {"w": "空き缶", "rd": "あきかん", "mn": "empty can", "fr": 20971}, {"w": "缶コーヒー", "rd": "かんコーヒー", "mn": "canned coffee", "fr": 24524}, {"w": "ドラム缶", "rd": "ドラムかん", "mn": "drum (e.g. oil, gasoline); metal barrel", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "粧", "g": 8, "o": 1550, "f": 1545, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "", "m": "cosmetics; adorn (one's person)", "pm": "cosmetics", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "庄", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "level"}], "hc": "rice; shire; cave; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "cosmetics", "hs": "Rice . . . cave . . . soil.", "ks": "<i>Condy Rice</i> is actually white, but she uses special <b>cosmetics</b> made from <i>dirt</i> she found in a <i>cave</i> to appear black - it's better for the political situation.", "v": [{"w": "化粧", "rd": "けしょう", "mn": "make-up; makeup; cosmetics", "fr": 5131}], "p": null}, {"k": "隻", "g": 8, "o": 1551, "f": 1546, "j": null, "on": "セキ", "kun": "", "m": "vessels; counter for ships; fish; birds; arrows; one of a pair", "pm": "vessels", "r": [{"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "turkey; crotch", "hk": "vessels", "hs": "The key word indicates the Japanese generic term for counting ships. Its elements: <i>turkey</i> . . . <i>crotch</i>.", "ks": "The turky's crotch is a vessel for the stuffing that you fill it with.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "葛", "g": 8, "o": 1552, "f": 1547, "j": null, "on": "カツ、カチ", "kun": "つづら、くず", "m": "arrowroot; kudzu", "pm": "arrowroot", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "曷", "nj": "カツ", "ne": "why"}], "hc": "flowers; mexican bandit; muchacho; siesta; sun; day; aroma; bound up; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "kudzu", "hs": "<b>Kudzu</b>  is a word taken over from Japanese to name the crawling vines that creep up and completely take over trees. Seeing it at its worst in the Georgia countryside makes it easy to understand why it has a reputation as the \"plague of the South.\" From there it should not be hard to arrange the primitives, <i>flowers</i>  and <i>siesta</i>  into a memorable image.", "ks": "The muchacho takes a siesta under the flowers of the kudzu.", "v": [{"w": "葛藤", "rd": "かっとう", "mn": "conflict; complication; troubles; discord", "fr": 7783}, {"w": "葛", "rd": "くず", "mn": "kudzu (Pueraria montana); Japanese arrowroot", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "脂", "g": 8, "o": 1553, "f": 1548, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "あぶら", "m": "fat; grease; tallow; lard; rosin; gum; tar", "pm": "fat", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "旨", "nj": "シ", "ne": "delicious"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; delicious; spoon; sun; day", "hk": "fat", "hs": "This kanji tells us that if you feed the <i>flesh</i> with too many <i>delicious</i> things, it soon picks up a thick layer of <b>fat</b>.", "ks": "Every chef will tell you, <b>fat</b> is what make the meat taste delicious.", "v": [{"w": "脂", "rd": "あぶら", "mn": "fat; tallow; lard; grease", "fr": 12638}, {"w": "脂肪", "rd": "しぼう", "mn": "fat; grease; blubber; lard; suet", "fr": 13265}, {"w": "樹脂", "rd": "じゅし", "mn": "resin; rosin", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "油脂", "rd": "ゆし", "mn": "fats and oils", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脂身", "rd": "あぶらみ", "mn": "fat (of meat); fatty meat", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "粛", "g": 8, "o": 1554, "f": 1549, "j": null, "on": "シュク、スク", "kun": "つつし.む", "m": "solemn; quietly; softly", "pm": "solemn", "r": [{"c": "聿", "nj": "ふでづくり", "ne": "writing brush"}, {"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}], "hc": "rake; fenceposts; cabers; rice", "hk": "solemn", "hs": "<i>Rake</i> . . . <i>rice</i> . . . <i>fenceposts</i>. Take special care to draw this character in the same order as the primitive. Note too, that the fourth stroke for <i>rice</i> is already taken care of by the fourth stroke of <i>rake</i>.", "ks": "Even though it's a maddening task, the monks stay <b>solemn</b> as they rake <i>rice</i> between the <i>fenceposts</i>.", "v": [{"w": "静粛", "rd": "せいしゅく", "mn": "silent", "fr": 18890}, {"w": "粛清", "rd": "しゅくせい", "mn": "(political) purge", "fr": 21753}, {"w": "厳粛", "rd": "げんしゅく", "mn": "grave; solemn; serious", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自粛", "rd": "じしゅく", "mn": "self-restraint; voluntary restraint; self-imposed control; self-discipline", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "愚", "g": 8, "o": 1555, "f": 1551, "j": null, "on": "グ", "kun": "おろ.か", "m": "foolish; folly; absurdity; stupid", "pm": "foolish", "r": [{"c": "禺", "nj": "グ", "ne": "long-tailed monkey"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "talking cricket; brains; insect; belt; heart", "hk": "foolish", "hs": "Talking Cricket . . . heart.", "ks": "\"Don't be <b>foolish</b>!\" says <i>Jiminy Cricket</i> as he lashes you with his belt. Follow logic, like me, not your <i>heart</i>.", "v": [{"w": "愚か", "rd": "おろか", "mn": "foolish; stupid; silly", "fr": 2888}, {"w": "愚痴", "rd": "ぐち", "mn": "idle complaint; grumble", "fr": 5734}, {"w": "愚", "rd": "ぐ", "mn": "foolishness; silliness; stupidity; folly", "fr": 18641}, {"w": "愚連隊", "rd": "ぐれんたい", "mn": "gang of young toughs; hooligans; hoodlums; hoods; yobbos", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "遭", "g": 8, "o": 1556, "f": 1554, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "あ.う、あ.わせる", "m": "encounter; meet; party; association; interview; join", "pm": "encounter", "r": [{"c": "曹", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "office"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "cadet; one; bend; sun; day; road", "hk": "encounter", "hs": "Cadet . . . road.", "ks": "Close <b>encounter</b> s of the third kind. The space <i>cadet</i> <b>encounter</b> s aliens on the <i>road</i>.", "v": [{"w": "遭う", "rd": "あう", "mn": "to meet; to encounter; to see", "fr": 3283}, {"w": "遭遇", "rd": "そうぐう", "mn": "encounter; running into; meeting with (e.g. an accident); being confronted with ", "fr": 4076}, {"w": "遭難", "rd": "そうなん", "mn": "(meeting with) disaster; (having an) accident; mishap; shipwreck; distress", "fr": 13538}], "p": null}, {"k": "架", "g": 8, "o": 1557, "f": 1555, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "か.ける、か.かる", "m": "erect; frame; mount; support; shelf; construct", "pm": "erect", "r": [{"c": "加", "nj": "カ", "ne": "add"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "add; power; muscle; arnold; mouth; tree; wood", "hk": "erect", "hs": "<i>Add</i> . . . <i>trees</i>. Hint: if you ever <i>played with</i> an  \" <b>Erector</b> Set \" or \"Tinker Toys\" as a child, don't pass up the opportunity to relate it to this kanji's key word and the element for <i>trees</i>.", "ks": "Instant wood. Just add Viagra.", "v": [{"w": "架空", "rd": "かくう", "mn": "fictitious; imaginary; fanciful; fabricated", "fr": 12427}, {"w": "十字架", "rd": "じゅうじか", "mn": "cross (for crucifixion); the Cross (of Christ)", "fr": 16289}, {"w": "担架", "rd": "たんか", "mn": "stretcher; litter; gurney", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "書架", "rd": "しょか", "mn": "bookshelf; bookcase", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "架橋", "rd": "かきょう", "mn": "bridge-building; bridge construction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "架設", "rd": "かせつ", "mn": "construction; building", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "高架", "rd": "こうか", "mn": "elevated (structure); overhead", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鬼", "g": 8, "o": 1558, "f": 1557, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "おに、おに-", "m": "ghost; devil", "pm": "ghost", "r": [{"c": "甶", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}, {"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}], "hc": "oni; drop; brains; rice field; human legs; elbow", "hk": "ghost", "hs": "Drop of . . . brains . . . human legs . . . elbow.", "ks": "Building on Matthew's excellent image, the drop can be the single horn sticking out of the oni 's forehead.", "v": [{"w": "鬼", "rd": "おに", "mn": "ogre; demon; oni", "fr": 1991}, {"w": "鬼ごっこ", "rd": "おにごっこ", "mn": "tag (children's game); tig", "fr": 13423}, {"w": "吸血鬼", "rd": "きゅうけつき", "mn": "vampire; bloodsucker", "fr": 14071}, {"w": "鬼神", "rd": "きしん", "mn": "fierce god", "fr": 23524}, {"w": "鬼才", "rd": "きさい", "mn": "wizard; genius; remarkable talent; exceptional ability", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "庶", "g": 8, "o": 1559, "f": 1558, "j": null, "on": "ショ", "kun": "", "m": "commoner; all; bastard", "pm": "commoner", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "廿", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "twenty"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "caverns; cave; twenty; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "commoner", "hs": "Caverns . . . oven fire.", "ks": "<b>Commoner</b> s have to huddle in <i>caverns around a campfire</i> , while higher class people get heating and central air conditioning in a hotel.", "v": [{"w": "庶民", "rd": "しょみん", "mn": "common people; ordinary people; masses", "fr": 8839}, {"w": "庶務", "rd": "しょむ", "mn": "general affairs", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "庶民的", "rd": "しょみんてき", "mn": "popular; folksy; plebeian; ordinary; unpretentious", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "肌", "g": 8, "o": 1560, "f": 1559, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "はだ", "m": "texture; skin; body; grain", "pm": "texture", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "几", "nj": "きにょう", "ne": "table"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; wind", "hk": "texture", "hs": "Ever notice how the <b>texture</b> of your face and hands is affected by the <i>wind</i>? A day's skiing or sailing makes them rough and dry, and in need of a good soft cream to soothe the burn. So whenever a <i>part of the body</i> gets exposed to the <i>wind</i> , its <b>texture</b> is affected. (If it is any help, the Latin word hiding inside <b>texture</b> connotes how something is  \"to the touch.\")", "ks": "The moon 's lack of wind preserves its texture.", "v": [{"w": "肌", "rd": "はだ", "mn": "skin", "fr": 1733}, {"w": "肌寒い", "rd": "はださむい", "mn": "chilly; unpleasantly cold", "fr": 12316}, {"w": "肌触り", "rd": "はだざわり", "mn": "feel; touch; texture", "fr": 19393}, {"w": "肌色", "rd": "はだいろ", "mn": "flesh colour (of a Japanese person); flesh color; pale orange", "fr": 21836}, {"w": "肌着", "rd": "はだぎ", "mn": "underwear; underclothes; lingerie; chemise; singlet", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "地肌", "rd": "じはだ", "mn": "texture; grain", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "稚", "g": 8, "o": 1561, "f": 1560, "j": null, "on": "チ、ジ", "kun": "いとけない、おさない、おくて、おでる", "m": "immature; young", "pm": "immature", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; turkey", "hk": "immature", "hs": "Wheat . . . turkey.", "ks": "It's immature to whip turkeys with wheat.", "v": [{"w": "幼稚園", "rd": "ようちえん", "mn": "kindergarten (in Japan, non-compulsory education from age 3 until primary school", "fr": 7654}, {"w": "幼稚", "rd": "ようち", "mn": "infancy", "fr": 13174}, {"w": "稚拙", "rd": "ちせつ", "mn": "unskillful; childish; immature; naive; artless; clumsy; crude", "fr": 22351}, {"w": "稚魚", "rd": "ちぎょ", "mn": "fry; juvenile fish; fingerling", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "靴", "g": 8, "o": 1562, "f": 1561, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "くつ", "m": "shoes", "pm": "shoes", "r": [{"c": "革", "nj": "つくりがわ", "ne": "leather"}, {"c": "化", "nj": "カ", "ne": "change"}], "hc": "leather; flowers; car; mouth; ten; needle; change; person; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "shoes", "hs": "Leather . . . change.", "ks": "Leather is often changed into shoes.", "v": [{"w": "靴", "rd": "くつ", "mn": "shoe; shoes; boots; footwear; footgear", "fr": 2110}, {"w": "靴下", "rd": "くつした", "mn": "socks; sock; stockings; stocking", "fr": 8693}, {"w": "革靴", "rd": "かわぐつ", "mn": "leather shoes; leather boots", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "靴屋", "rd": "くつや", "mn": "shoe store; shoe shop; shoemaker", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 64, "rp": 19, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "幻", "g": 8, "o": 1563, "f": 1564, "j": null, "on": "ゲン", "kun": "まぼろし", "m": "phantasm; vision; dream; illusion; apparition", "pm": "phantasm", "r": [{"c": "幺", "nj": "いとがしら", "ne": "young"}], "hc": "cocoon; clothes hanger; coat hanger", "hk": "phantasm", "hs": "Cocoon . . . clothes hanger.", "ks": "After the play, The <b>Phantasm</b> of the Opera hangs up his cape on a <i>clothes hanger</i> and returns to his <i>cocoon</i> to sleep.", "v": [{"w": "幻", "rd": "まぼろし", "mn": "phantom; vision; illusion; apparition", "fr": 3444}, {"w": "幻想", "rd": "げんそう", "mn": "fantasy; illusion; vision; dream", "fr": 6962}, {"w": "幻覚", "rd": "げんかく", "mn": "hallucination; illusion", "fr": 7306}, {"w": "幻滅", "rd": "げんめつ", "mn": "disillusionment; disillusion; disenchantment", "fr": 11982}, {"w": "幻影", "rd": "げんえい", "mn": "phantom; vision; illusion", "fr": 12061}, {"w": "夢幻", "rd": "むげん", "mn": "dreams; fantasy; visions", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "煮", "g": 8, "o": 1564, "f": 1565, "j": null, "on": "シャ", "kun": "に.る、-に、に.える、に.やす", "m": "boil; cook", "pm": "boil", "r": [{"c": "者", "nj": "シャ", "ne": "someone"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "someone; puppet; sooty; old man; sun; day; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "boil", "hs": "Puppet . . . oven fire.", "ks": "There is a lesser known voodoo practice of boil ing a puppet over an oven fire , to really make your victim feel the heat!", "v": [{"w": "煮る", "rd": "にる", "mn": "to boil; to simmer; to stew; to seethe", "fr": 10391}, {"w": "煮込む", "rd": "にこむ", "mn": "to boil well; to stew; to simmer (for a long time)", "fr": 11505}, {"w": "煮物", "rd": "にもの", "mn": "nimono; food cooked by boiling or stewing", "fr": 17258}, {"w": "煮える", "rd": "にえる", "mn": "to be boiled; to be cooked", "fr": 19229}, {"w": "煮詰める", "rd": "につめる", "mn": "to boil down; to concentrate (soup, milk, stock, etc.)", "fr": 23449}, {"w": "煮やす", "rd": "にやす", "mn": "to cook inside", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雑煮", "rd": "ぞうに", "mn": "soup containing rice cakes and vegetables (New Year's dish)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "姫", "g": 8, "o": 1565, "f": 1566, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "ひめ、ひめ-", "m": "princess", "pm": "princess", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "臣", "nj": "しん", "ne": "retainer"}], "hc": "woman; retainer; slave", "hk": "princess", "hs": "Woman . . . slave.", "ks": "<b>Princess</b> Leia becomes Jabba's slave (“princess Leia is a woman slave”).", "v": [{"w": "姫", "rd": "ひめ", "mn": "young lady of noble birth; princess (esp. in Western contexts, tales, etc.)", "fr": 3620}, {"w": "姫君", "rd": "ひめぎみ", "mn": "daughter of a person of high rank (esp. eldest daughter)", "fr": 16865}, {"w": "歌姫", "rd": "うたひめ", "mn": "songstress; diva", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "舞姫", "rd": "まいひめ", "mn": "female dancer; dancing girl; danseuse", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "誓", "g": 8, "o": 1566, "f": 1567, "j": null, "on": "セイ", "kun": "ちか.う", "m": "vow; swear; pledge", "pm": "vow", "r": [{"c": "折", "nj": "セツ", "ne": "fold"}, {"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}], "hc": "fold; finger; fingers; axe; say; words; keitai; mouth", "hk": "vow", "hs": "Fold . . . words.", "ks": "A Japanese wedding tradition is to present each other with origami cranes with their vows written on the BOTTOM.", "v": [{"w": "誓う", "rd": "ちかう", "mn": "to swear; to vow; to take an oath; to pledge", "fr": 2158}, {"w": "誓い", "rd": "ちかい", "mn": "oath; vow", "fr": 8639}, {"w": "宣誓", "rd": "せんせい", "mn": "oath; abjuration; pledge", "fr": 24209}, {"w": "誓って", "rd": "ちかって", "mn": "surely; upon my word; by Jove", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "誓約", "rd": "せいやく", "mn": "oath; vow; pledge; covenant", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "把", "g": 8, "o": 1567, "f": 1569, "j": null, "on": "ハ、ワ", "kun": "", "m": "grasp; faggot; bunch; counter for bundles", "pm": "grasp", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "巴", "nj": "ハ", "ne": "comma-design"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; mosaic", "hk": "grasp", "hs": "Fingers . . . mosaic.", "ks": "Your fingers grasp the Rubic's cube … if only your brain could too.", "v": [{"w": "把握", "rd": "はあく", "mn": "grasp (of the situation, meaning, etc.); understanding; control; hold; grip", "fr": 2298}, {"w": "大雑把", "rd": "おおざっぱ", "mn": "rough (estimate, summary, etc.); broad; general; sweeping; loose", "fr": 14570}, {"w": "把", "rd": "わ", "mn": "counter for bundles", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "践", "g": 8, "o": 1568, "f": 1570, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "ふ.む", "m": "tread; step on; trample; practice; carry through", "pm": "tread", "r": [{"c": "足", "nj": "あし", "ne": "foot"}, {"c": "戋", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "wooden leg; mouth; stop; footprint; parade float", "hk": "tread", "hs": "Wooden leg . . . parade float.", "ks": "Did Jesus actually tread on water? or maybe his wooden leg just allowed him to float.", "v": [{"w": "実践", "rd": "じっせん", "mn": "practice; putting into practice; implementation", "fr": 7239}], "p": null}, {"k": "呈", "g": 8, "o": 1569, "f": 1571, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "", "m": "display; offer; present; send; exhibit", "pm": "display", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}], "hc": "mouth; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "display", "hs": "The trick to remembering this character lies in associating the key word with the line from the nursery rhyme about 4 and 20 blackbirds baked in a pie: \"Wasn't this a dainty dish to set before the <i>king</i>? \" If we think of <b>display</b> in terms of that famous line, and the <i>king</i> with his head thrown back and his <i>mouth</i> wide open as 4 and 20 blackbirds fly in one after the other, we shall have satisfied both the elements and their position.", "ks": "The mouth of the king is <b>display</b> ing his bling.", "v": [{"w": "露呈", "rd": "ろてい", "mn": "exposure; disclosure", "fr": 22510}, {"w": "進呈", "rd": "しんてい", "mn": "presentation (e.g. of a gift)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "贈呈", "rd": "ぞうてい", "mn": "presentation (of a gift, prize, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "疎", "g": 8, "o": 1570, "f": 1572, "j": null, "on": "ソ、ショ", "kun": "うと.い、うと.む、まば.ら", "m": "alienate; rough; neglect; shun; sparse; penetrate", "pm": "alienate", "r": [{"c": "疋", "nj": "ひき", "ne": "bolt of cloth"}, {"c": "束", "nj": "ソク", "ne": "bundle"}], "hc": "zoo; critters; stop; footprint; bundle; Chaplin; tree; wood; mouth", "hk": "alienate", "hs": "<i>Zoo</i> . . . <i>bundle</i>. Note that the element for <i>zoo</i> is flattened out on the left just as <i>leg</i> (Frame 1372) had been. This is the only time we will meet this form in this book.", "ks": "This kanji is so strange that it was alienate d at the kanji zoo. The bundle of joy stork bundles this kanji up and takes it to a kanji foster home.", "v": [{"w": "疎遠", "rd": "そえん", "mn": "estrangement; alienation; neglecting to stay in contact", "fr": 16190}, {"w": "意思疎通", "rd": "いしそつう", "mn": "(reciprocal) communication; (coming to a) mutual understanding", "fr": 19846}, {"w": "疎か", "rd": "おろか", "mn": "not to mention ...; needless to say ...; not to speak of ...; not only ...", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "過疎", "rd": "かそ", "mn": "underpopulation; low population density; depopulation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "疎外", "rd": "そがい", "mn": "alienation; estrangement; leaving (someone) out; casting out; cutting off; avoid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "疎通", "rd": "そつう", "mn": "(mutual) understanding; communication", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "疎開", "rd": "そかい", "mn": "evacuation (to the country)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "空疎", "rd": "くうそ", "mn": "empty (e.g. argument); insubstantial; hollow; fruitless", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "仰", "g": 8, "o": 1571, "f": 1573, "j": null, "on": "ギョウ、コウ", "kun": "あお.ぐ、おお.せ、お.っしゃる、おっしゃ.る", "m": "face-up; look up; depend; seek; respect; revere; drink; take", "pm": "face-up", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "卬", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "lofty"}], "hc": "face up; person; stamp album; box; stamps", "hk": "faceup", "hs": "This character is used both for lying on one's back <b>faceup</b> , and for looking up to someone with respect and awe. Its elements: <i>person</i> . . . <i>box</i> . . . <i>stamps</i>.", "ks": "All <i>stamps</i> in <i>Mr T</i> 's collection <i>box</i> are lied carefully <b>face-up</b>.", "v": [{"w": "仰ぐ", "rd": "あおぐ", "mn": "to look up (at)", "fr": 5419}, {"w": "仰向け", "rd": "あおむけ", "mn": "facing upward", "fr": 7974}, {"w": "仰る", "rd": "おっしゃる", "mn": "to say; to speak; to tell", "fr": 8307}, {"w": "信仰", "rd": "しんこう", "mn": "(religious) faith; belief; creed", "fr": 8372}, {"w": "仰天", "rd": "ぎょうてん", "mn": "being amazed; being horrified; being taken aback", "fr": 21710}], "p": null}, {"k": "鈍", "g": 8, "o": 1572, "f": 1574, "j": null, "on": "ドン", "kun": "にぶ.い、にぶ.る、にぶ-、なま.る、なまく.ら", "m": "dull; slow; foolish; blunt", "pm": "dull", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "屯", "nj": "トン", "ne": "barracks"}], "hc": "metal; gold; earthworm; drop; shovel; fishhook", "hk": "dull", "hs": "Metal . . . earthworm.", "ks": "The metal hook is too <b>dull</b> to even pierce an earthworm….", "v": [{"w": "鈍い", "rd": "にぶい", "mn": "dull (e.g. a knife); blunt", "fr": 3767}, {"w": "鈍る", "rd": "にぶる", "mn": "to become blunt; to grow dull", "fr": 6943}, {"w": "鈍感", "rd": "どんかん", "mn": "thickheaded; insensitive; dull; thick-skinned", "fr": 7588}, {"w": "鈍器", "rd": "どんき", "mn": "blunt weapon", "fr": 22369}, {"w": "鈍化", "rd": "どんか", "mn": "becoming dull; slowing down", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "恥", "g": 8, "o": 1573, "f": 1575, "j": null, "on": "チ", "kun": "は.じる、はじ、は.じらう、は.ずかしい", "m": "shame; dishonor", "pm": "shame", "r": [{"c": "耳", "nj": "みみ", "ne": "ear"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "ear; heart", "hk": "shame", "hs": "<i>Ear</i> . . . <i>heart</i>. It is most rare to have the <i>heart</i> at the right, rather than at the bottom. Take advantage of this fact when you compose your story.", "ks": "Vincent Van Gogh's greatest <b>shame</b> was cutting off his <i>ear</i> to win the <i>heart</i> of a woman.", "v": [{"w": "恥ずかしい", "rd": "はずかしい", "mn": "embarrassing; embarrassed; ashamed; humiliated; shy", "fr": 617}, {"w": "恥", "rd": "はじ", "mn": "shame; embarrassment; disgrace", "fr": 3239}, {"w": "恥じる", "rd": "はじる", "mn": "to feel ashamed", "fr": 5127}, {"w": "恥じらう", "rd": "はじらう", "mn": "to feel shy; to be bashful; to blush", "fr": 14280}, {"w": "恥知らず", "rd": "はじしらず", "mn": "shameless; shameless person", "fr": 18162}, {"w": "恥辱", "rd": "ちじょく", "mn": "disgrace; shame; insult", "fr": 18742}, {"w": "恥さらし", "rd": "はじさらし", "mn": "disgrace; shame", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "無恥", "rd": "むち", "mn": "shameless", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 34, "rp": 13, "l": 2, "n": ""}}, {"k": "剛", "g": 8, "o": 1574, "f": 1576, "j": null, "on": "ゴウ", "kun": "", "m": "sturdy; strength", "pm": "sturdy", "r": [{"c": "岡", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "mount"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "mount; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "sturdy", "hs": "Mount . . . saber.", "ks": "Mount everest is very <b>sturdy</b> , you can hit it all day with a saber and it wont even wobble.", "v": [{"w": "剛健", "rd": "ごうけん", "mn": "vigour; vigor; virility; health; sturdiness", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "疾", "g": 8, "o": 1575, "f": 1577, "j": null, "on": "シツ", "kun": "はや.い", "m": "rapidly", "pm": "rapidly", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "矢", "nj": "や", "ne": "arrow"}], "hc": "sickness; hospital; dart; drop; heavens", "hk": "rapidly", "hs": "Be sure to keep this character distinct from <i>quick</i> (Frame 1799) and <i>swift</i> (Frame 298). Picture a succession of poison <i>darts</i> (the sort that inflict <i>sickness</i> ) flying out <b>rapid</b> -fire from a blowgun, so that \" <b>rapid</b> -fire\" can conjure up the proper image.", "ks": "If shot with a poison dart , sickness develops rapidly.", "v": [{"w": "疾走", "rd": "しっそう", "mn": "sprint; dash; scampering", "fr": 15203}, {"w": "疾風", "rd": "しっぷう", "mn": "gale; strong wind; swift wind; fresh breeze (Beaufort scale)", "fr": 20419}, {"w": "疾患", "rd": "しっかん", "mn": "disease; illness; disorder; condition; ailment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "疾病", "rd": "しっぺい", "mn": "illness; disease", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "征", "g": 8, "o": 1576, "f": 1578, "j": null, "on": "セイ", "kun": "", "m": "subjugate; attack the rebellious; collect taxes", "pm": "subjugate", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "正", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "correct"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; correct; one; ceiling; stop; footprint", "hk": "subjugate", "hs": "Column . . . correct.", "ks": "America seeks to <i>GO</i> and <i>CORRECT</i> other nations. But really what they do is <b>subjugate</b> them…", "v": [{"w": "征服", "rd": "せいふく", "mn": "conquest; subjugation", "fr": 11575}, {"w": "遠征", "rd": "えんせい", "mn": "(military) expedition; campaign", "fr": 14239}, {"w": "出征", "rd": "しゅっせい", "mn": "going to war; departure for the front", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "砕", "g": 8, "o": 1577, "f": 1579, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "くだ.く、くだ.ける", "m": "smash; break; crush; familiar; popular", "pm": "smash", "r": [{"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}, {"c": "卆", "nj": "ソツ", "ne": "soldier"}], "hc": "stone; rock; ninety; nine; baseball; ten; needle", "hk": "smash", "hs": "We begin with the two elements on the right, <i>baseball</i> and <i>needle</i>. Since they will be coming together from time to time, let us give the two of them the sense of a <i>game of cricket</i> in which a <i>needle</i> is laid across the wicket. Then imagine using a <i>rock</i> for a ball. A <b>smash</b> hit would probably splinter the bat in all directions, and a <b>smashing</b> pitch would do the same with the <i>needle</i> wicket.", "ks": "To <b>SMASH</b> a STONE you need to hit it NINE or TEN times.", "v": [{"w": "砕ける", "rd": "くだける", "mn": "to break (into pieces); to be broken; to be smashed", "fr": 5132}, {"w": "砕く", "rd": "くだく", "mn": "to break (into pieces); to smash; to crush; to shatter; to grind (into powder); ", "fr": 6094}, {"w": "粉砕", "rd": "ふんさい", "mn": "pulverization; pulverisation", "fr": 11109}, {"w": "玉砕", "rd": "ぎょくさい", "mn": "honorable death; death without surrender; honorable defeat", "fr": 18360}, {"w": "火砕流", "rd": "かさいりゅう", "mn": "pyroclastic flow", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "砕石", "rd": "さいせき", "mn": "crushed stone; macadam", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "謡", "g": 8, "o": 1578, "f": 1580, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "うた.い、うた.う", "m": "song; sing; ballad; noh chanting", "pm": "song", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "䍃", "nj": "", "ne": "a vase"}], "hc": "noh chanting; say; words; keitai; mouth; condor; claw; vulture; king; mountain", "hk": "Noh chanting", "hs": "Words . . . condor.", "ks": "Picture guy dressed in a condor mask up on stage during Noh performance chanting some words nobody understands.", "v": [{"w": "歌謡", "rd": "かよう", "mn": "song; ballad", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "民謡", "rd": "みんよう", "mn": "folk song; popular song", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "歌謡曲", "rd": "かようきょく", "mn": "kayōkyoku", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "童謡", "rd": "どうよう", "mn": "children's song; nursery rhyme", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "謡", "rd": "うたい", "mn": "noh chanting; noh chant", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "謡曲", "rd": "ようきょく", "mn": "noh song", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "嫁", "g": 8, "o": 1579, "f": 1581, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "よめ、とつ.ぐ、い.く、ゆ.く", "m": "marry into; bride", "pm": "marry into", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "家", "nj": "カ", "ne": "house"}], "hc": "woman; house; sow; pig", "hk": "marry into", "hs": "The kanji in this frame demonstrates the traditional Japanese approach to marriage: it is the <i>woman</i> who leaves her family for another <i>house</i> hold, thus <b>marrying into</b> a man's family.", "ks": "Since the Nihonjin man is hardly ever home, the <i>woman</i> feels more like she's married into the <i>house</i> than into a relationship.", "v": [{"w": "嫁", "rd": "よめ", "mn": "bride", "fr": 3272}, {"w": "花嫁", "rd": "はなよめ", "mn": "bride", "fr": 10273}, {"w": "嫁ぐ", "rd": "とつぐ", "mn": "to marry (of a woman); to become a bride; to marry into (a family)", "fr": 12528}, {"w": "嫁入り", "rd": "よめいり", "mn": "marriage; wedding", "fr": 23968}, {"w": "転嫁", "rd": "てんか", "mn": "imputation; shifting (blame, responsibility, etc.); passing the buck", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "謙", "g": 8, "o": 1580, "f": 1582, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "へりくだ.る", "m": "self-effacing; humble oneself; condescend; be modest", "pm": "self-effacing", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "兼", "nj": "ケン", "ne": "concurrently"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; concurrently; animal horns; rake", "hk": "self-effacing", "hs": "Words . . . concurrently.", "ks": "When you are <b>self-effacing</b> you use words to concurrently bring yourself down and make yourself look better.", "v": [{"w": "謙遜", "rd": "けんそん", "mn": "modesty; humility; being humble", "fr": 7762}, {"w": "謙虚", "rd": "けんきょ", "mn": "modest; humble", "fr": 11515}], "p": null}, {"k": "嘆", "g": 8, "o": 1581, "f": 1584, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "なげ.く、なげ.かわしい", "m": "sigh; lament; moan; grieve; sigh of admiration", "pm": "sigh", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "夫", "nj": "フ", "ne": "husband"}], "hc": "mouth; scarecrow; flowers; mouth; husband", "hk": "sigh", "hs": "Mouth . . . scarecrow.", "ks": "A <b>sigh</b> escapes the <i>mouth</i> of the <i>scarecrow</i> , who laments: \"…if I only had a brain, I could learn kanji\".", "v": [{"w": "嘆く", "rd": "なげく", "mn": "to lament; to grieve; to regret", "fr": 5321}, {"w": "感嘆", "rd": "かんたん", "mn": "admiration; wonder; astonishment", "fr": 9215}, {"w": "嘆き", "rd": "なげき", "mn": "grief; lamentation", "fr": 14067}, {"w": "嘆息", "rd": "たんそく", "mn": "sigh (of grief, disappointment, etc.); grieving; lamenting; deploring", "fr": 15031}, {"w": "嘆かわしい", "rd": "なげかわしい", "mn": "lamentable; deplorable; regrettable; sad; wretched", "fr": 18865}, {"w": "驚嘆", "rd": "きょうたん", "mn": "wonder; admiration; being struck with admiration", "fr": 22066}, {"w": "嘆願", "rd": "たんがん", "mn": "entreaty; appeal; petition", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "悲嘆", "rd": "ひたん", "mn": "grief; sorrow; anguish; lamentation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "菌", "g": 8, "o": 1582, "f": 1586, "j": null, "on": "キン", "kun": "", "m": "germ; fungus; bacteria", "pm": "germ", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "囗", "nj": "くにがまえ", "ne": "border"}, {"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}], "hc": "flowers; pent in; wheat; cereal", "hk": "germ", "hs": "Flowers . . . pent in . . . wheat.", "ks": "If you pent in the wheat , it'll turn into wheat germ and sprout flowers.", "v": [{"w": "菌", "rd": "きん", "mn": "fungus", "fr": 20242}, {"w": "細菌", "rd": "さいきん", "mn": "bacterium; bacteria; germ", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "ばい菌", "rd": "ばいきん", "mn": "germ; germs; bacteria; bug", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大腸菌", "rd": "だいちょうきん", "mn": "Escherichia coli (E. coli)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抗菌", "rd": "こうきん", "mn": "antibacterial; antimicrobial", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "殺菌", "rd": "さっきん", "mn": "sterilization; sterilisation; disinfection; pasteurization", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "無菌", "rd": "むきん", "mn": "sterilised; sterilized; sterile; pasteurised; pasteurized; germ-free; aseptic", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "球菌", "rd": "きゅうきん", "mn": "coccus", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "除菌", "rd": "じょきん", "mn": "disinfection; sterile filtration", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鎌", "g": 8, "o": 1583, "f": 1587, "j": null, "on": "レン、ケン", "kun": "かま", "m": "sickle; scythe; trick", "pm": "sickle", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "兼", "nj": "ケン", "ne": "concurrently"}], "hc": "metal; gold; concurrently; animal horns; rake", "hk": "sickle", "hs": "Metal . . . concurrently.", "ks": "This is a special <b>sickle</b> with metal blades on both sides. It can cut many things concurrently!", "v": [{"w": "鎌", "rd": "かま", "mn": "sickle", "fr": 15830}, {"w": "鎌倉", "rd": "かまくら", "mn": "Kamakura (city)", "fr": 24418}], "p": null}, {"k": "泥", "g": 8, "o": 1584, "f": 1589, "j": null, "on": "デイ、ナイ、デ、ニ", "kun": "どろ、なず.む", "m": "mud; mire; adhere to; be attached to", "pm": "mud", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "尼", "nj": "ニ", "ne": "nun"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; nun; flag; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "mud", "hs": "Water . . . nun.", "ks": "Water monks live in a den, but water nuns live in the MUD.", "v": [{"w": "泥棒", "rd": "どろぼう", "mn": "thief; burglar; robber", "fr": 4192}, {"w": "泥", "rd": "どろ", "mn": "mud; (wet) dirt", "fr": 5397}, {"w": "泥沼", "rd": "どろぬま", "mn": "bog; marsh; swamp; quagmire; morass", "fr": 15575}, {"w": "泥酔", "rd": "でいすい", "mn": "being dead drunk; drunken stupor", "fr": 24606}, {"w": "泥炭", "rd": "でいたん", "mn": "peat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雲泥の差", "rd": "うんでいのさ", "mn": "wide difference; a world of difference", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "頻", "g": 8, "o": 1585, "f": 1590, "j": null, "on": "ヒン", "kun": "しき.りに", "m": "repeatedly; recur", "pm": "repeatedly", "r": [{"c": "歩", "nj": "ホ", "ne": "walk"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "walk; stop; footprint; few; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "repeatedly", "hs": "The image of something occurring <b>repeatedly</b> , over and over again, is of having one's <i>head walked</i> on.", "ks": "FACT: Saddam Hussein put a mosaic of Bush on the floor of the Al Rashid hotel so as people would be forced to repeatedly walk on his head. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-RashidHotel>.", "v": [{"w": "頻繁", "rd": "ひんぱん", "mn": "frequent; incessant", "fr": 5366}, {"w": "頻りに", "rd": "しきりに", "mn": "frequently; repeatedly; often; incessantly; constantly", "fr": 10031}, {"w": "頻度", "rd": "ひんど", "mn": "frequency (of occurrence)", "fr": 11418}, {"w": "頻発", "rd": "ひんぱつ", "mn": "frequent occurrence", "fr": 21777}], "p": null}, {"k": "琴", "g": 8, "o": 1586, "f": 1591, "j": null, "on": "キン、ゴン", "kun": "こと", "m": "harp; koto", "pm": "harp", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "今", "nj": "コン", "ne": "now"}], "hc": "king; jewel; ball; now; clock", "hk": "harp", "hs": "A pair of <i>jewels</i> . . . <i>clock</i>.", "ks": "The two kings want to hear a harp right now!!", "v": [{"w": "琴", "rd": "こと", "mn": "koto (13-stringed Japanese zither)", "fr": 22172}], "p": null}, {"k": "棚", "g": 8, "o": 1587, "f": 1594, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "たな、-だな", "m": "shelf; ledge; rack; mount; mantle; trellis", "pm": "shelf", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "朋", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "companion"}], "hc": "tree; wood; companion; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; flesh", "hk": "shelf", "hs": "One often thinks of books as \"good <i>companions</i> ,\" but here it is the <b>shelf</b> we store them on that is the <i>companion</i>. The reasons should be obvious: it is made of the same stuff, <i>wood</i> , and spends a lot more time with them than we do! Here again, be careful not to let the rationality of the explanation get in the way before you turn it into a proper story.", "ks": "A <b>shelf</b> is a <i>wooden companion</i> to books.", "v": [{"w": "棚", "rd": "たな", "mn": "shelf; ledge; rack", "fr": 3875}, {"w": "本棚", "rd": "ほんだな", "mn": "bookshelves; bookshelf; bookcase", "fr": 7359}, {"w": "戸棚", "rd": "とだな", "mn": "cupboard; locker; closet; wardrobe; cabinet", "fr": 17962}, {"w": "大陸棚", "rd": "たいりくだな", "mn": "continental shelf", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "棚上げ", "rd": "たなあげ", "mn": "shelving (a matter, plan, etc.); pigeonholing; tabling; putting aside; putting o", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "酷", "g": 8, "o": 1588, "f": 1596, "j": null, "on": "コク", "kun": "ひど.い", "m": "cruel; severe; atrocious; unjust", "pm": "cruel", "r": [{"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}, {"c": "告", "nj": "コク", "ne": "revelation"}], "hc": "whiskey bottle; revelation; cow; mouth", "hk": "cruel", "hs": "Whiskey bottle . . . revelation.", "ks": "It's <b>cruel</b> to pour alcohol down a cow's mouth.", "v": [{"w": "残酷", "rd": "ざんこく", "mn": "cruel; brutal; ruthless; merciless; inhuman", "fr": 3564}, {"w": "酷い", "rd": "ひどい", "mn": "cruel; heartless; hard; harsh; severe", "fr": 4493}, {"w": "過酷", "rd": "かこく", "mn": "severe; harsh; hard; cruel; rigorous", "fr": 6317}, {"w": "酷", "rd": "こく", "mn": "severe; harsh; stringent; rigorous; strict; unfair", "fr": 9210}, {"w": "冷酷", "rd": "れいこく", "mn": "cruelty; coldheartedness; relentless; ruthless", "fr": 10487}, {"w": "酷使", "rd": "こくし", "mn": "exploitation; overuse; abuse", "fr": 17492}, {"w": "酷似", "rd": "こくじ", "mn": "resembling closely; being strikingly similar; bearing a strong likeness", "fr": 19427}, {"w": "酷く", "rd": "ひどく", "mn": "terribly; awfully; dreadfully; extremely; severely; very (much)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "酷暑", "rd": "こくしょ", "mn": "intense heat; severe heat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "酷評", "rd": "こくひょう", "mn": "severe criticism; sharp criticism; scathing criticism; diatribe; panning", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "宰", "g": 8, "o": 1589, "f": 1597, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "", "m": "superintend; manager; rule", "pm": "superintend", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "辛", "nj": "からい", "ne": "bitter"}], "hc": "house; spicy; stand up; vase; ten; needle", "hk": "superintend", "hs": "House . . . spicy.", "ks": "The superintend ent of an old-age house has to make sure the food is never too spicy.", "v": [{"w": "主宰", "rd": "しゅさい", "mn": "chairmanship; presidency; management", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "宰相", "rd": "さいしょう", "mn": "prime minister; premier; chancellor", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "廊", "g": 8, "o": 1590, "f": 1598, "j": null, "on": "ロウ", "kun": "", "m": "corridor; hall; tower", "pm": "corridor", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "郎", "nj": "ロウ", "ne": "son"}], "hc": "cave; son; halo; good; drop; silver; city walls", "hk": "corridor", "hs": "Cave . . . son.", "ks": "Your <i>son</i> plays in the <b>corridor</b> pretending he's exploring a <i>cave</i>.", "v": [{"w": "廊下", "rd": "ろうか", "mn": "corridor; hallway; passageway", "fr": 2144}, {"w": "回廊", "rd": "かいろう", "mn": "corridor; gallery; hallway; cloister (i.e. covered walk typically circling a bui", "fr": 22464}, {"w": "画廊", "rd": "がろう", "mn": "art gallery (esp. artworks for sale); picture gallery", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "寂", "g": 8, "o": 1591, "f": 1599, "j": null, "on": "ジャク、セキ", "kun": "さび、さび.しい、さび.れる、さみ.しい", "m": "loneliness; quietly; mellow; mature; death of a priest", "pm": "loneliness", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "叔", "nj": "シュク", "ne": "uncle"}], "hc": "house; uncle; above; small; little; crotch", "hk": "loneliness", "hs": "House . . . uncle.", "ks": "The unmarried <i>uncle</i> 's <i>house</i> is the picture of lonlieness.", "v": [{"w": "寂しい", "rd": "さびしい", "mn": "lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate", "fr": 926}, {"w": "静寂", "rd": "せいじゃく", "mn": "silence; stillness; quietness", "fr": 6318}, {"w": "寂", "rd": "さび", "mn": "patina; antique look", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寂然", "rd": "せきぜん", "mn": "lonely; desolate", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "隅", "g": 8, "o": 1592, "f": 1601, "j": null, "on": "グウ", "kun": "すみ", "m": "corner; nook", "pm": "corner", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "禺", "nj": "グ", "ne": "long-tailed monkey"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; talking cricket; brains; insect; belt", "hk": "corner", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . Talking Cricket.", "ks": "<i>Jiminy Cricket</i> has a favorite <b>corner</b> he likes to slip into at <i>The Pinnacle</i> for a long drink.", "v": [{"w": "隅", "rd": "すみ", "mn": "corner; nook; recess", "fr": 3988}, {"w": "片隅", "rd": "かたすみ", "mn": "corner; nook", "fr": 6394}, {"w": "隅々", "rd": "すみずみ", "mn": "every corner; every nook and cranny; all the ins and outs", "fr": 8130}, {"w": "一隅", "rd": "いちぐう", "mn": "corner; nook", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "四隅", "rd": "よすみ", "mn": "four corners", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "偶", "g": 8, "o": 1593, "f": 1602, "j": null, "on": "グウ", "kun": "たま", "m": "accidentally; even number; couple; man & wife; same kind", "pm": "accidentally", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "禺", "nj": "グ", "ne": "long-tailed monkey"}], "hc": "person; talking cricket; brains; insect; belt", "hk": "accidentally", "hs": "The <i>person</i> on the left is familiar. As for the right side, we may combine the <i>insect</i> with a <i>brain</i> (observe the writing) and a <i>belt</i> to create the <i>Talking Cricket</i> who served as Pinocchio's conscience. ( <i>The belt</i> is there because he pulls it off to give unrepentant little Pinocchio a bit of  \"strap\" now and again.)", "ks": "Mr. T accidentally the whole Jiminy Cricket.", "v": [{"w": "偶然", "rd": "ぐうぜん", "mn": "coincidence; chance; accident; fortuity", "fr": 1054}, {"w": "偶数", "rd": "ぐうすう", "mn": "even number", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "配偶者", "rd": "はいぐうしゃ", "mn": "spouse; wife; husband; partner", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "偶像", "rd": "ぐうぞう", "mn": "image; idol; statue", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "偶発", "rd": "ぐうはつ", "mn": "sudden outbreak; accidental; incidental", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 106, "rp": 22, "l": 1, "n": ""}}, {"k": "伏", "g": 8, "o": 1594, "f": 1604, "j": null, "on": "フク", "kun": "ふ.せる、ふ.す", "m": "prostrated; bend down; bow; cover; lay (pipes)", "pm": "prostrated", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "犬", "nj": "いぬ", "ne": "dog"}], "hc": "person; chihuahua; dog; large; drop", "hk": "prostrated", "hs": "Person . . . chihuahua.", "ks": "Rocco likes to prostrate women in front of him in a dog-like position…", "v": [{"w": "伏せる", "rd": "ふせる", "mn": "to lay (something) face down; to place upside down; to turn over (face down)", "fr": 2956}, {"w": "待ち伏せ", "rd": "まちぶせ", "mn": "ambush; lying in wait for an ambush", "fr": 7619}, {"w": "潜伏", "rd": "せんぷく", "mn": "concealment; hiding; ambush", "fr": 10843}, {"w": "降伏", "rd": "こうふく", "mn": "surrender; capitulation; submission", "fr": 11377}, {"w": "起伏", "rd": "きふく", "mn": "undulation", "fr": 17360}, {"w": "伏兵", "rd": "ふくへい", "mn": "ambush; troops in ambush", "fr": 22965}, {"w": "伏線", "rd": "ふくせん", "mn": "foreshadowing", "fr": 23787}], "p": null}, {"k": "辛", "g": 8, "o": 1595, "f": 1607, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "から.い、つら.い、-づら.い、かのと", "m": "spicy; bitter; hot; acrid", "pm": "spicy", "r": [{"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "stand up; vase; ten; needle", "hk": "spicy", "hs": "This character pictures food whose taste is so hot and <b>spicy</b> that it makes the hairs on your body <i>stand up</i> as straight as <i>needles</i>.", "ks": "Eating spicy food makes you stand up as if you had sat on a needle.", "v": [{"w": "辛い", "rd": "からい", "mn": "spicy; hot", "fr": 2785}, {"w": "辛抱", "rd": "しんぼう", "mn": "patience; endurance; perseverance", "fr": 5529}, {"w": "辛うじて", "rd": "かろうじて", "mn": "barely; narrowly; only just; with difficulty", "fr": 13955}, {"w": "香辛料", "rd": "こうしんりょう", "mn": "spice; spices; condiment", "fr": 24740}, {"w": "辛口", "rd": "からくち", "mn": "dry taste (e.g. sake, wine)", "fr": 24771}, {"w": "塩辛い", "rd": "しおからい", "mn": "salty (taste); briny", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "唐辛子", "rd": "とうがらし", "mn": "capsicum (Capsicum annuum, esp. the cultivated chili peppers); chili pepper (chi", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "辛勝", "rd": "しんしょう", "mn": "narrow victory", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "辛子", "rd": "からし", "mn": "mustard", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "辛苦", "rd": "しんく", "mn": "hardship; toil; trouble", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "辛酸", "rd": "しんさん", "mn": "hardships; privation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "磨", "g": 8, "o": 1596, "f": 1608, "j": null, "on": "マ", "kun": "みが.く、す.る", "m": "grind; polish; scour; improve; brush (teeth)", "pm": "grind", "r": [{"c": "麻", "nj": "あさ", "ne": "hemp"}, {"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}], "hc": "hemp; cave; grove; tree; wood; stone; rock", "hk": "grind", "hs": "Hemp . . . stone.", "ks": "If you <b>grind</b> the <i>hemp</i> you are bound to get <i>stoned</i> quicker.", "v": [{"w": "磨く", "rd": "みがく", "mn": "to polish; to shine; to burnish; to scour; to scrub; to brush (teeth); to grind ", "fr": 3780}, {"w": "歯磨き", "rd": "はみがき", "mn": "dental brushing; brushing one's teeth", "fr": 20880}, {"w": "琢磨", "rd": "たくま", "mn": "polish (jewels); cultivation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "研磨", "rd": "けんま", "mn": "grinding; polishing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "磨き", "rd": "みがき", "mn": "polish; burnishing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "達磨", "rd": "だるま", "mn": "daruma; tumbling doll", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "碁", "g": 8, "o": 1597, "f": 1609, "j": null, "on": "ゴ", "kun": "", "m": "Go", "pm": "Go", "r": [{"c": "其", "nj": "キ", "ne": "that"}, {"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}], "hc": "go; bushel basket; hamper; animal legs; eight; stone; rock", "hk": "Go", "hs": "<i>Bushel basket</i> . . . <i>stones</i>. The key word refers to the Japanese game played with black and white colored <i>stones</i> on a lined board.", "ks": "Go is chess played with stones.", "v": [{"w": "碁", "rd": "ご", "mn": "go (board game)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "碁盤", "rd": "ごばん", "mn": "Go board", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "囲碁", "rd": "いご", "mn": "go (board game)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "俗", "g": 8, "o": 1598, "f": 1610, "j": null, "on": "ゾク", "kun": "", "m": "vulgar; customs; manners; worldliness; mundane things", "pm": "vulgar", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "谷", "nj": "たに", "ne": "valley"}], "hc": "person; valley; eight; umbrella; mouth", "hk": "vulgar", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>valley</i>. The key word should be taken in its older sense of \"popular\" or \"commonplace.\"", "ks": "Most of the personages in the valley are vulgar types – miners, farmers, day laborers.", "v": [{"w": "風俗", "rd": "ふうぞく", "mn": "manners; customs", "fr": 18144}, {"w": "俗", "rd": "ぞく", "mn": "layman (esp. as opposed to a Buddhist monk); laity; man of the world; the world", "fr": 22704}, {"w": "民俗", "rd": "みんぞく", "mn": "folk customs; folkways; ethnic customs", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "俗語", "rd": "ぞくご", "mn": "colloquialism; colloquial language; slang", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公序良俗", "rd": "こうじょりょうぞく", "mn": "public order and morals; social standards; public policy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "通俗的", "rd": "つうぞくてき", "mn": "popular; common; commonplace", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "漠", "g": 8, "o": 1599, "f": 1611, "j": null, "on": "バク", "kun": "", "m": "vague; obscure; desert; wide", "pm": "vague", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "莫", "nj": "バク", "ne": "must not"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; graveyard; flowers; sun; day; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "vague", "hs": "Think of the key word as having to do with something viewed through a haze, or in the twilight and from a distance, so that only its outlines are <b>vaguely</b> discernible. Now we are back again to the essence of the true <i>graveyard</i>. The <i>water</i> may be taken as the sound of waves dashing up against the rocks or the dripping of moisture on cold rock - anything that helps you associate <b>vagueness</b> with the <i>graveyard</i> and keep it distinct from the imitation we met in the last frame.", "ks": "The precise locations of sailors who meet a WATERY GRAVE are <b>vague</b>.", "v": [{"w": "漠然", "rd": "ばくぜん", "mn": "vague; obscure; indistinct; hazy; ambiguous", "fr": 7657}, {"w": "砂漠", "rd": "さばく", "mn": "desert", "fr": 8262}, {"w": "サハラ砂漠", "rd": "サハラさばく", "mn": "Sahara Desert", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "邪", "g": 8, "o": 1600, "f": 1612, "j": null, "on": "ジャ", "kun": "よこし.ま", "m": "wicked; injustice; wrong", "pm": "wicked", "r": [{"c": "牙", "nj": "ガ", "ne": "tusk"}, {"c": "邑", "nj": "おおざと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "tusk; city walls", "hk": "wicked", "hs": "Tusk . . . city walls.", "ks": "The <b>wicked</b> queen builds her <i>city walls</i> out of menacing <i>tusks</i>.", "v": [{"w": "邪魔", "rd": "じゃま", "mn": "hindrance; obstacle; nuisance; disturbance; interruption; interference", "fr": 518}, {"w": "風邪", "rd": "かぜ", "mn": "(common) cold; influenza; flu; ague; inflammatory respiratory system illness (in", "fr": 3192}, {"w": "お邪魔します", "rd": "おじゃまします", "mn": "please excuse the intrusion; I'm coming in", "fr": 4206}, {"w": "無邪気", "rd": "むじゃき", "mn": "innocent; simple-minded", "fr": 4811}, {"w": "邪", "rd": "よこしま", "mn": "wicked; evil; wrong; bad", "fr": 10917}, {"w": "風邪をひく", "rd": "かぜをひく", "mn": "to catch a cold", "fr": 11723}, {"w": "邪道", "rd": "じゃどう", "mn": "improper way (of doing); wrong way; unorthodox method", "fr": 23086}, {"w": "風邪薬", "rd": "かぜぐすり", "mn": "remedy for a cold; cold medicine", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "晶", "g": 8, "o": 1601, "f": 1613, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "", "m": "sparkle; clear; crystal", "pm": "sparkle", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "day; sun", "hk": "sparkle", "hs": "What else can the word <b>sparkle</b> suggest if not a diamond? And if you've ever held a diamond up to the light, you will have noticed how every facet of it becomes like a miniature <i>sun</i>. This kanji is a picture of a tiny <i>sun</i> in three places (that is,  \"everywhere\"), to give the sense of something that <b>sparkles</b> on all sides. Just like a diamond. In writing the primitive elements three times, note again how the rule for writing given in frame 4 holds true not only for the strokes in each individual element but also for the disposition of the elements in the character as a whole.", "ks": "A diamond <b>sparkle</b> s as brightly as three suns.", "v": [{"w": "結晶", "rd": "けっしょう", "mn": "crystal; crystallization; crystallisation", "fr": 7905}, {"w": "水晶", "rd": "すいしょう", "mn": "(rock) crystal; high purity quartz", "fr": 14724}, {"w": "液晶", "rd": "えきしょう", "mn": "liquid crystal", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "墨", "g": 8, "o": 1602, "f": 1616, "j": null, "on": "ボク", "kun": "すみ", "m": "black ink; India ink; ink stick; Mexico", "pm": "black ink", "r": [{"c": "黒", "nj": "くろ", "ne": "black"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "black; computer; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "black ink", "hs": "Besides meaning <b>black ink</b> , this kanji also appears in the word for an inked string that is pulled taut and snapped to mark a surface, much the same as one might used a chalked string. Here it is used to mark off the <i>dirt</i> with <i>black</i> lines for a foot ballgame (played, I presume, on a white field).", "ks": "Black ink comes from black soil.", "v": [{"w": "お墨付き", "rd": "おすみつき", "mn": "certificate; certified document; authorization; authorisation", "fr": 15589}, {"w": "墨", "rd": "すみ", "mn": "sumi; India ink; Chinese ink; ink stick; ink-cake", "fr": 16419}, {"w": "入れ墨", "rd": "いれずみ", "mn": "tattoo (esp. a traditional Japanese one); tattooing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "墨絵", "rd": "すみえ", "mn": "ink painting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "水墨画", "rd": "すいぼくが", "mn": "India-ink painting; ink wash painting", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鎮", "g": 8, "o": 1603, "f": 1617, "j": null, "on": "チン", "kun": "しず.める、しず.まる、おさえ", "m": "tranquilize; ancient peace-preservation centers", "pm": "tranquilize", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "真", "nj": "シン", "ne": "true"}], "hc": "tranquilize; metal; gold; true; truth; ten; needle; eye; tool; animal legs; eight", "hk": "tranquillize", "hs": "The first lie-detector machines of the twentieth century worked by wiring pieces of <i>metal</i> to the body to measure the amount of sweat produced when questions were asked. It was discovered that nervousness produced more sweat, indicating subconscious reactions when the <i>truth</i> was getting too close for comfort. Nowadays, people can take drugs that <b>tranquillize</b> them in such a way as to neutralize the effect of the device, which is why other means have had to be developed.", "ks": "<b>Tranquilize</b> \\- using a <i>metal</i> syringe to get the <i>truth</i>.", "v": [{"w": "鎮める", "rd": "しずめる", "mn": "to quiet (a child, crowd, etc.); to quieten; to make quiet", "fr": 8793}, {"w": "鎮まる", "rd": "しずまる", "mn": "to become quiet; to quiet down; to quieten down", "fr": 19032}, {"w": "鎮圧", "rd": "ちんあつ", "mn": "suppression (of a riot, revolt, etc.); repression; putting down; quelling", "fr": 19123}, {"w": "重鎮", "rd": "じゅうちん", "mn": "leader; authority; mainstay", "fr": 24425}, {"w": "鎮守", "rd": "ちんじゅ", "mn": "local Shinto deity; tutelary god", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鎮痛剤", "rd": "ちんつうざい", "mn": "analgesic; painkiller; sedative; tranquilizer (tranquiliser); anodyne", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鎮魂", "rd": "ちんこん", "mn": "repose of a soul", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "洞", "g": 8, "o": 1604, "f": 1618, "j": null, "on": "ドウ", "kun": "ほら", "m": "den; cave; excavation", "pm": "den", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "同", "nj": "ドウ", "ne": "same"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; same; monks; hood; one; mouth", "hk": "den", "hs": "The key word <b>den</b> refers to an animal lair hollowed out in the side of a mountain. Now if we keep to the image of the monastic life as an image for <i>same</i> , we can picture a <b>den</b> of wild beasts dressed up in habits and living the common life in a mountain cavern. To bring in the element of <i>water</i> we need only give them a sacred  \"puddle\" in the center of their <b>den</b> , the focus of all their pious attentions.", "ks": "All the animals in the <b>den</b> share the <i>same</i> <i>water</i>.", "v": [{"w": "洞", "rd": "ほら", "mn": "hollow; cavity; hole; cave", "fr": 173}, {"w": "洞窟", "rd": "どうくつ", "mn": "cave; cavern; grotto", "fr": 7807}, {"w": "空洞", "rd": "くうどう", "mn": "cavity; hollow; cave; cavern", "fr": 13969}, {"w": "洞察", "rd": "どうさつ", "mn": "discernment; insight", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "洞穴", "rd": "ほらあな", "mn": "cave; cavern; den; grotto", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鍾乳洞", "rd": "しょうにゅうどう", "mn": "limestone cave; limestone cavern", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "履", "g": 8, "o": 1605, "f": 1619, "j": null, "on": "リ", "kun": "は.く", "m": "perform; complete; footgear; shoes; boots; put on (the feet)", "pm": "perform", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "復", "nj": "フク", "ne": "restore"}], "hc": "flag; restore; Nelson; column; going; line; fold back; double back; reclining; lying down; sun; day; walking legs", "hk": "footgear", "hs": "Flag . . . restore.", "ks": "You should never use a flag as a shoeshine cloth to restore your footgear.", "v": [{"w": "履く", "rd": "はく", "mn": "to put on (lower-body clothing, e.g. pants, skirt, footwear); to wear", "fr": 3970}, {"w": "履歴", "rd": "りれき", "mn": "personal history; background; career", "fr": 12516}, {"w": "履歴書", "rd": "りれきしょ", "mn": "personal history document; curriculum vitae; resume", "fr": 20076}, {"w": "草履", "rd": "ぞうり", "mn": "zori", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "履き古し", "rd": "はきふるし", "mn": "worn-out shoes; worn-out socks", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "履物", "rd": "はきもの", "mn": "footwear; footgear; shoes", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "履行", "rd": "りこう", "mn": "performance (of a duty); fulfillment (of a promise); fulfilment; execution (of a", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "劣", "g": 8, "o": 1606, "f": 1620, "j": null, "on": "レツ", "kun": "おと.る", "m": "inferiority; be inferior to; be worse", "pm": "inferiority", "r": [{"c": "少", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "few"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "few; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "inferiority", "hs": "Few . . . muscles.", "ks": "I have an <b>inferiority</b> complex because I have <i>fewer</i> <i>muscles</i> than everyone else at the gym. They all look like <i>Macho Man Randy Savage</i> (power) to me.", "v": [{"w": "劣る", "rd": "おとる", "mn": "to be inferior to; to be less good at; to fall behind", "fr": 5519}, {"w": "卑劣", "rd": "ひれつ", "mn": "mean; contemptible; despicable; dirty; foul; cowardly; base", "fr": 8994}, {"w": "劣勢", "rd": "れっせい", "mn": "inferiority (e.g. numerical); inferior position; disadvantage; unfavorable situa", "fr": 16871}, {"w": "劣化", "rd": "れっか", "mn": "deterioration (in quality, performance, etc.); degradation; worsening", "fr": 17427}, {"w": "劣等感", "rd": "れっとうかん", "mn": "inferiority complex; sense of inferiority", "fr": 17823}, {"w": "優劣", "rd": "ゆうれつ", "mn": "(relative) merits; superiority or inferiority; quality", "fr": 18917}, {"w": "劣悪", "rd": "れつあく", "mn": "poor (quality, conditions, etc.); bad; inferior; poor-quality", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拙劣", "rd": "せつれつ", "mn": "clumsy; unskillful", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "那", "g": 8, "o": 1607, "f": 1621, "j": null, "on": "ナ、ダ", "kun": "なに、なんぞ、いかん", "m": "what?", "pm": "what?", "r": [{"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}, {"c": "邑", "nj": "おおざと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "sword; dagger; two; city walls", "hk": "interrogative", "hs": "<i>Sword</i> . . . <i>two</i> . . . <i>city walls</i>. Used classically to indicate an <b>interrogative</b> part of speech, this character is used chiefly now for its sound.", "ks": "If you arrive with <i>two swords</i> at the <i>city walls</i> , expect some <b>interrogative</b> s before they'll let you in.", "v": [{"w": "旦那", "rd": "だんな", "mn": "master (of a house, shop, etc.)", "fr": 2382}, {"w": "刹那", "rd": "せつな", "mn": "moment; instant", "fr": 9138}], "p": null}, {"k": "殴", "g": 8, "o": 1608, "f": 1622, "j": null, "on": "オウ", "kun": "なぐ.る", "m": "assault; hit; beat; thrash", "pm": "assault", "r": [{"c": "区", "nj": "ク", "ne": "ward"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "ward; box; sheaf; missile; cruise missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "assault", "hs": "Ward . . . missile.", "ks": "The city decides to disperse the <i>homeless ward</i> with a precision <i>missile</i> <b>assault</b>. They didn't know <i>Wolverine</i> was living in a <i>cardboard box</i> there though…", "v": [{"w": "殴る", "rd": "なぐる", "mn": "to strike; to hit; to beat; to punch", "fr": 1305}, {"w": "殴打", "rd": "おうだ", "mn": "hit; strike; blow", "fr": 20967}, {"w": "殴り込み", "rd": "なぐりこみ", "mn": "raid; attack; assault", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "娠", "g": 8, "o": 1609, "f": 1623, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "", "m": "with child; pregnancy", "pm": "with child", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "辰", "nj": "しんのたつ", "ne": "Fifth zodiac sign"}], "hc": "woman; sign of the dragon; cliff; two; hairpin; safety-pin", "hk": "with child", "hs": "<i>Woman</i> . . . <i>sign of the dragon</i>. The key word is a synonym for <i>pregnant</i> , whose character we met earlier (Frame 546). Although the two kanji are often used together, they should be kept distinct.", "ks": "Any <i>woman</i> spending a night with the virile <i>Bruce Lee</i> is bound to end up <b>with child</b>.", "v": [{"w": "妊娠", "rd": "にんしん", "mn": "pregnancy; conception; gestation", "fr": 5575}], "p": null}, {"k": "奉", "g": 8, "o": 1610, "f": 1624, "j": null, "on": "ホウ、ブ", "kun": "たてまつ.る、まつ.る、ほう.ずる", "m": "observance; offer; present; dedicate", "pm": "observance", "r": [{"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}], "hc": "observance; bonsai; cornstalk", "hk": "dedicate", "hs": "<i>Bonsai</i> . . . <i>cornstalk</i>. Use a ritualistic, religious meaning.", "ks": "To join the temple, you have to <b>dedicate</b> yourself to raising <i>bonsai</i> for enlightenment, and <i>cornstalks</i> for sustenance.", "v": [{"w": "奉仕", "rd": "ほうし", "mn": "service; ministry; attendance; church work", "fr": 7426}, {"w": "奉公", "rd": "ほうこう", "mn": "live-in domestic service; live-in apprenticeship", "fr": 23720}, {"w": "信奉", "rd": "しんぽう", "mn": "belief; faith; adherence; espousal", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "奉納", "rd": "ほうのう", "mn": "dedication; offering; presentation; oblation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "奉行", "rd": "ぶぎょう", "mn": "magistrate; shogunate administrator", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "憂", "g": 8, "o": 1611, "f": 1625, "j": null, "on": "ユウ", "kun": "うれ.える、うれ.い、う.い、う.き", "m": "melancholy; grieve; lament; be anxious; sad; unhappy", "pm": "melancholy", "r": [{"c": "百", "nj": "ヒャク", "ne": "hundred"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "夂", "nj": "のまた", "ne": "to follow"}], "hc": "summer; head; page; crown; heart; walking legs", "hk": "melancholy", "hs": "<i>Head</i> . . . <i>crown</i> . . . <i>heart</i> . . . <i>walking legs</i>. Two things merit mention here. First, the doubling-up of the last stroke of <i>head</i> with the top of the <i>crown</i> serves to make the whole more aesthetically beautiful. It happens so rarely that the exceptions are easily learned. Second, try to make a single image out of the four elements. (Religious statuary of <b>melancholy</b> figures should offer plenty of suggestions.)", "ks": "In the middle of summer you lose both your crown and your heart. No wonder you feel melancholy.", "v": [{"w": "憂鬱", "rd": "ゆううつ", "mn": "depression; melancholy; dejection; gloom; despondency", "fr": 8530}, {"w": "憂い", "rd": "うれい", "mn": "sorrow; grief; anguish; distress", "fr": 10642}, {"w": "一喜一憂", "rd": "いっきいちゆう", "mn": "alternating between happiness and anxiety; swinging between joy and sorrow; bein", "fr": 22645}, {"w": "憂える", "rd": "うれえる", "mn": "to worry about; to be anxious about; to be concerned about", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "憂き目", "rd": "うきめ", "mn": "bitter experience; misery; distress; grief; sad thoughts; hardship", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "憂国", "rd": "ゆうこく", "mn": "patriotic concern for the future of one's country", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "憂慮", "rd": "ゆうりょ", "mn": "anxiety; concern; fear", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "朴", "g": 8, "o": 1612, "f": 1626, "j": null, "on": "ボク", "kun": "ほう、ほお、えのき", "m": "crude; simple; plain; docile", "pm": "crude", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "卜", "nj": "ぼく", "ne": "oracle"}], "hc": "tree; wood; magic wand; augury", "hk": "crude", "hs": "As all magicians who have passed their apprenticeship know, one makes one's <i>wand</i> out of a hazel branch and is careful not to alter the natural form of the <i>wood</i>. For the magic of the <i>wand</i> derives its power from its association with the hidden laws of nature, and needs therefore to be kept in its <b>crude</b> , natural state.", "ks": "You can make a crude magic wand from any tree.", "v": [{"w": "素朴", "rd": "そぼく", "mn": "simple; artless; naive; unsophisticated", "fr": 10122}], "p": null}, {"k": "亭", "g": 8, "o": 1613, "f": 1627, "j": null, "on": "テイ、チン", "kun": "", "m": "pavilion; restaurant; mansion; arbor; cottage; vaudeville; music hall; stage name", "pm": "pavilion", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "丁", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "street"}], "hc": "tall; top hat; mouth; crown; street; nail; spike", "hk": "pavilion", "hs": "Think of all the <b>pavilions</b> at County Fairs or World Expos you have wandered into or seen advertised in the media, and you will no doubt see rising up among them the towering <i>tall crowned nail</i> (the <i>crown</i> being a revolving restaurant) - that architectural monstrosity that has become a symbol of science and technology at such events.", "ks": "The tall est Pavilion crowns the street.", "v": [{"w": "亭主", "rd": "ていしゅ", "mn": "household head; master; host (e.g. of a tea gathering); innkeeper; owner (e.g. o", "fr": 12040}, {"w": "料亭", "rd": "りょうてい", "mn": "ryotei", "fr": 22891}], "p": null}, {"k": "姓", "g": 8, "o": 1614, "f": 1628, "j": null, "on": "セイ、ショウ", "kun": "", "m": "surname", "pm": "surname", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "生", "nj": "うまれる", "ne": "birth"}], "hc": "woman; life; This is Your Life; cell; drop; grow up", "hk": "surname", "hs": "Woman . . . cell.", "ks": "Woman change their surname when they \"start their new life \".", "v": [{"w": "姓", "rd": "せい", "mn": "surname; family name", "fr": 13219}, {"w": "姓名", "rd": "せいめい", "mn": "(full) name; family name and given name", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "同姓", "rd": "どうせい", "mn": "same surname", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "旧姓", "rd": "きゅうせい", "mn": "one's original family name; maiden name", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "百姓", "rd": "ひゃくしょう", "mn": "farmer; peasant; farm laborer; farmhand", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "筒", "g": 8, "o": 1615, "f": 1631, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "つつ", "m": "cylinder; pipe; tube; gun barrel; sleeve", "pm": "cylinder", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "同", "nj": "ドウ", "ne": "same"}], "hc": "bamboo; same; monks; hood; one; mouth", "hk": "cylinder", "hs": "Bamboo . . . monk.", "ks": "A monk is put into a cylinder prison made of bamboo bars.", "v": [{"w": "封筒", "rd": "ふうとう", "mn": "envelope", "fr": 7149}, {"w": "水筒", "rd": "すいとう", "mn": "canteen; flask; water bottle; thermos", "fr": 16828}, {"w": "筒", "rd": "つつ", "mn": "pipe; tube; cylinder", "fr": 17002}, {"w": "円筒", "rd": "えんとう", "mn": "cylinder", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "気筒", "rd": "きとう", "mn": "cylinder", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "発煙筒", "rd": "はつえんとう", "mn": "smoke bomb; smoke candle", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "筒井", "rd": "つつい", "mn": "round well", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "怪", "g": 8, "o": 1616, "f": 1634, "j": null, "on": "カイ、ケ", "kun": "あや.しい、あや.しむ", "m": "suspicious; mystery; apparition", "pm": "suspicious", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "圣", "nj": "コツ", "ne": "holy"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; spool; clod; toilet paper; crotch; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "suspicious", "hs": "State of mind . . . spool.", "ks": "When you're <b>suspicious</b> , your state of mind twists round and round like a spool of thread.", "v": [{"w": "怪しい", "rd": "あやしい", "mn": "suspicious; dubious; questionable; dodgy; shady; fishy", "fr": 1254}, {"w": "怪我", "rd": "けが", "mn": "injury; wound", "fr": 3321}, {"w": "怪物", "rd": "かいぶつ", "mn": "monster", "fr": 4696}, {"w": "怪しむ", "rd": "あやしむ", "mn": "to suspect", "fr": 5488}, {"w": "妖怪", "rd": "ようかい", "mn": "ghost; apparition; phantom; spectre; specter; demon; monster; goblin; yōkai", "fr": 7959}, {"w": "怪我人", "rd": "けがにん", "mn": "wounded person; injured person", "fr": 13617}, {"w": "怪獣", "rd": "かいじゅう", "mn": "monster", "fr": 13671}, {"w": "奇怪", "rd": "きかい", "mn": "strange; wonderful; weird; outrageous; mysterious", "fr": 15211}, {"w": "怪談", "rd": "かいだん", "mn": "ghost story; tale of the supernatural", "fr": 15607}, {"w": "怪奇", "rd": "かいき", "mn": "bizarre; strange; weird; mysterious", "fr": 23816}], "p": null}, {"k": "粒", "g": 8, "o": 1617, "f": 1635, "j": null, "on": "リュウ", "kun": "つぶ", "m": "grains; drop; counter for tiny particles", "pm": "grains", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}], "hc": "rice; vase; stand up", "hk": "grains", "hs": "Rice . . . vase.", "ks": "A sage is using <i>rice</i> to fill up a <i>vase</i> , but as an exercise in patience, he's doing it <b>grain</b> by <b>grain</b>.", "v": [{"w": "粒", "rd": "つぶ", "mn": "grain; bead; drop", "fr": 8331}, {"w": "大粒", "rd": "おおつぶ", "mn": "large drop (of rain, sweat, tears, etc.); large grain-like object (e.g. grape, c", "fr": 12032}, {"w": "粒子", "rd": "りゅうし", "mn": "particle; grain", "fr": 13548}, {"w": "米粒", "rd": "こめつぶ", "mn": "grain of rice", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "粒状", "rd": "りゅうじょう", "mn": "granular; granulated", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "素粒子", "rd": "そりゅうし", "mn": "elementary particle; particle", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "偉", "g": 8, "o": 1618, "f": 1639, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "えら.い", "m": "admirable; greatness; remarkable; conceited; famous; excellent", "pm": "admirable", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "韋", "nj": "なめしがわ", "ne": "leather"}], "hc": "person; locket; stick; key; mouth; monocle; sunglasses with one lens missing", "hk": "admirable", "hs": "Person . . . locket.", "ks": "Mr. T is certainly an <b>ADMIRABLE</b> PERSON, so much so that parents are buying lockets with his picture in it and having their children wear them like amulets.", "v": [{"w": "偉い", "rd": "えらい", "mn": "great; excellent; admirable; commendable; laudable; honorable; wonderful; outsta", "fr": 1730}, {"w": "偉大", "rd": "いだい", "mn": "great; grand; magnificent; outstanding; mighty", "fr": 4471}, {"w": "偉業", "rd": "いぎょう", "mn": "great achievement; great feat; great work; great undertaking", "fr": 17616}, {"w": "偉人", "rd": "いじん", "mn": "great person; eminent figure", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "酔", "g": 8, "o": 1619, "f": 1640, "j": null, "on": "スイ", "kun": "よ.う、よ.い、よ", "m": "drunk; feel sick; poisoned; elated; spellbound", "pm": "drunk", "r": [{"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}, {"c": "卆", "nj": "ソツ", "ne": "soldier"}], "hc": "whiskey bottle; ninety; nine; baseball; ten; needle", "hk": "drunk", "hs": "Whiskey bottle . . . baseball . . . needle.", "ks": "God you're <b>drunk</b>! How many <i>whiskeys</i> did you have? <i>9</i>? <i>10</i>?", "v": [{"w": "酔う", "rd": "よう", "mn": "to get drunk; to become intoxicated", "fr": 2346}, {"w": "酔い", "rd": "よい", "mn": "drunkenness; intoxication", "fr": 4055}, {"w": "麻酔", "rd": "ますい", "mn": "anaesthesia; anesthesia", "fr": 15472}, {"w": "酔っ払う", "rd": "よっぱらう", "mn": "to get drunk", "fr": 16899}, {"w": "陶酔", "rd": "とうすい", "mn": "intoxication", "fr": 19472}, {"w": "心酔", "rd": "しんすい", "mn": "adoration; admiration", "fr": 23681}, {"w": "酔っ払い", "rd": "よっぱらい", "mn": "drunkard", "fr": 24329}, {"w": "泥酔", "rd": "でいすい", "mn": "being dead drunk; drunken stupor", "fr": 24606}, {"w": "船酔い", "rd": "ふなよい", "mn": "seasickness", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "惜", "g": 8, "o": 1620, "f": 1641, "j": null, "on": "セキ", "kun": "お.しい、お.しむ", "m": "pity; be sparing of; frugal; stingy; regret", "pm": "pity", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "昔", "nj": "セキ", "ne": "once upon a time"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; once upon a time; storyteller; salad; sun; day", "hk": "pity", "hs": "<i>State of mind</i> . . . <i>once upon a time</i>. The sense of the key word is that of a lost opportunity or bad turn of affairs, as in the phrase  \"What a <b>pity</b>! \"", "ks": "What a <b>pity</b>! My <i>state of mind</i> when i think of the opportunities I missed from <i>once upon a time</i>.", "v": [{"w": "惜しい", "rd": "おしい", "mn": "regrettable; disappointing; unfortunate", "fr": 2107}, {"w": "惜しむ", "rd": "おしむ", "mn": "to spare; to grudge; to be sparing (with); to be frugal; to be stingy", "fr": 5823}, {"w": "名残惜しい", "rd": "なごりおしい", "mn": "reluctant (to part)", "fr": 7822}, {"w": "惜敗", "rd": "せきはい", "mn": "regrettable defeat; defeat by a narrow margin", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "穫", "g": 8, "o": 1621, "f": 1642, "j": null, "on": "カク", "kun": "", "m": "harvest; reap", "pm": "harvest", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "蒦", "nj": "ワク", "ne": "to measure"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; radio caroline; flowers; vessels; turkey; crotch", "hk": "harvest", "hs": "<i>Wheat</i> . . . <i>flowers</i> . . . <i>vessels</i>. Compare frames 756 and 757 for the right side.", "ks": "Wheat is harvest ed, the grain (flower) is put into vessels for shipping.", "v": [{"w": "収穫", "rd": "しゅうかく", "mn": "harvest; crop; ingathering", "fr": 4772}], "p": null}, {"k": "佳", "g": 8, "o": 1622, "f": 1643, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "", "m": "excellent; beautiful; good; pleasing; skilled", "pm": "excellent", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "圭", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "square jewel"}], "hc": "person; ivy; square jewel; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "excellent", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>ivy</i>. To distinguish from <i>excel</i> (Frame 980), <i>eminent</i> (Frame 52), <i>esteem</i> (Frame 196), and <i>exquisite</i> (Frame 130), give the key word its own unique connotation.", "ks": "<i>Mr T</i> wants to go to an <b>excellent</b> school, so he enrolls in Harvard, an <i>ivy</i> -league school.", "v": [{"w": "佳境", "rd": "かきょう", "mn": "most interesting part (of a story); climax; good part", "fr": 24089}, {"w": "佳作", "rd": "かさく", "mn": "fine (piece of) work; excellent work", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "潤", "g": 8, "o": 1623, "f": 1644, "j": null, "on": "ジュン", "kun": "うるお.う、うるお.す、うる.む", "m": "wet; be watered; profit by; receive benefits; favor; charm; steep", "pm": "wet", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "閏", "nj": "ジュン", "ne": "intercalation"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; intercalate; gates; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "wet", "hs": "Water . . . gates . . . king.", "ks": "Forgetting about the moat, the king stepped out of his gate and landed in the water. Needless to say he got <b>wet</b>.", "v": [{"w": "潤む", "rd": "うるむ", "mn": "to be wet (with tears); to be moist", "fr": 7247}, {"w": "潤う", "rd": "うるおう", "mn": "to become moist; to be moistened; to become damp; to get wet", "fr": 12147}, {"w": "潤い", "rd": "うるおい", "mn": "moisture; damp; wetness", "fr": 18584}, {"w": "潤滑油", "rd": "じゅんかつゆ", "mn": "lubricating oil; lubricant; lube", "fr": 20026}, {"w": "潤す", "rd": "うるおす", "mn": "to moisten; to wet", "fr": 22038}, {"w": "利潤", "rd": "りじゅん", "mn": "profit; returns", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "潤色", "rd": "じゅんしょく", "mn": "rhetorical flourishes", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "悼", "g": 8, "o": 1624, "f": 1645, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "いた.む", "m": "lament; grieve over", "pm": "lament", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "卓", "nj": "タク", "ne": "eminent"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; eminent; magic wand; augury; sun; day; ten; needle", "hk": "lament", "hs": "To keep this character distinct from others of similar connotation, one need only think of the Prophet Jeremiah whose poetry gave an <i>eminence</i> to <i>the state of mind</i> we call <b>lamentation</b>.", "ks": "When the world's most <i>eminent</i> magician died, everyone's <i>state of mind</i> became that of <b>lament</b> ation. He was buried with his famous sun-flower wand in his hand.", "v": [{"w": "悼む", "rd": "いたむ", "mn": "to grieve over; to mourn; to lament", "fr": 23206}, {"w": "哀悼", "rd": "あいとう", "mn": "condolence; regret; tribute; sorrow; sympathy; lament", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "追悼", "rd": "ついとう", "mn": "mourning", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "乏", "g": 8, "o": 1625, "f": 1646, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "とぼ.しい、とも.しい", "m": "destitution; scarce; limited", "pm": "destitution", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "之", "nj": "シ", "ne": "of"}], "hc": "drop; of; Zorro; building blocks; zig-zag", "hk": "destitution", "hs": "Drop of . . . building blocks.", "ks": "Just one <i>drop</i> (of alcohol) and he starts walking in <i>zig-zags</i> – no wonder <i>Zorro</i> 's living in <b>destitution</b>. (Note: As a primitive let 之 be <i>Zorro</i> or <i>Zig-Zag</i> : it's pictographic).", "v": [{"w": "貧乏", "rd": "びんぼう", "mn": "poverty-stricken; destitute; poor; penurious", "fr": 5871}, {"w": "乏しい", "rd": "とぼしい", "mn": "meagre; meager; scarce; limited; destitute; hard up; lacking; scanty; poor", "fr": 8835}, {"w": "貧乏人", "rd": "びんぼうにん", "mn": "poor person; the poor", "fr": 16812}, {"w": "欠乏", "rd": "けつぼう", "mn": "deficiency; insufficiency; shortage; lack; want; dearth; scarcity", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "窮乏", "rd": "きゅうぼう", "mn": "poverty; destitution; privation; indigence; penury", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "該", "g": 8, "o": 1626, "f": 1648, "j": null, "on": "ガイ", "kun": "", "m": "above-stated; the said; that specific", "pm": "above-stated", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "亥", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "sign of the hog"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; sign of the hog; acorn; top hat", "hk": "above-stated", "hs": "Words . . . acorn.", "ks": "The above-stated words are the acorn from which the following statement grows.", "v": [{"w": "該当", "rd": "がいとう", "mn": "corresponding to; being applicable to; being relevant to; coming under; falling ", "fr": 9888}], "p": null}, {"k": "赴", "g": 8, "o": 1627, "f": 1649, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "おもむ.く", "m": "proceed; get; become; tend", "pm": "proceed", "r": [{"c": "走", "nj": "はしる", "ne": "to run"}, {"c": "卜", "nj": "ぼく", "ne": "oracle"}], "hc": "run; soil; dirt; ground; mend; magic wand; augury", "hk": "proceed", "hs": "In <b>proceeding</b> to a new city or a new job, something in you <i>runs</i> ahead with excitement, and something else holds you back, like a <i>divining rod</i> built into your psyche warning you to check things out carefully before rushing in too wildly.", "ks": "While running, my magic wand tells me where to proceed.", "v": [{"w": "赴く", "rd": "おもむく", "mn": "to go in the direction of; to proceed toward; to proceed according to; to repair", "fr": 6494}, {"w": "赴任", "rd": "ふにん", "mn": "moving to a different location to start a new job; (proceeding to) new appointme", "fr": 16016}, {"w": "単身赴任", "rd": "たんしんふにん", "mn": "taking up a post away from one's family; job transfer without one's family; livi", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "桑", "g": 8, "o": 1628, "f": 1650, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "くわ", "m": "mulberry", "pm": "mulberry", "r": [{"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "crotch; tree; wood", "hk": "mulberry", "hs": "<i>Crotches</i> , <i>crotches</i> everywhere . . . <i>tree</i>. Hint: think of a group of children playing an original version of  \"Here We Go 'Round the <b>Mulberry</b> Bush. \"", "ks": "Children going around the <b>mulberry</b> <i>tree</i> singing \"This is the way we wash our <i>crotch</i> , wash our <i>crotch</i> , wash our <i>crotch</i> …\".", "v": [{"w": "桑", "rd": "くわ", "mn": "mulberry (tree)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "桑原", "rd": "くわばら", "mn": "mulberry field", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "桑田", "rd": "そうでん", "mn": "mulberry plantation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "桑畑", "rd": "くわばたけ", "mn": "mulberry field; mulberry plantation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "髄", "g": 8, "o": 1629, "f": 1652, "j": null, "on": "ズイ", "kun": "", "m": "marrow; pith; essence", "pm": "marrow", "r": [{"c": "骨", "nj": "ほね", "ne": "bone"}, {"c": "有", "nj": "ユウ", "ne": "possess"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "skeleton; joint; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; highwayman; possess; by one’s side; road", "hk": "marrow", "hs": "Skeleton . . . possess . . . road.", "ks": "Did you know there are road ways in skeleton? Yeah, they are cool, they possess marrow.", "v": [{"w": "真髄", "rd": "しんずい", "mn": "essence; quintessence; spirit; soul; heart; pith (and marrow)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脊髄", "rd": "せきずい", "mn": "spinal cord", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "骨髄", "rd": "こつずい", "mn": "bone marrow; medulla", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "虎", "g": 8, "o": 1630, "f": 1653, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "とら", "m": "tiger; drunkard", "pm": "tiger", "r": [{"c": "虍", "nj": "とらがしら", "ne": "tiger"}, {"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}], "hc": "magic wand; augury; cliff; hook; diced; seven; human legs", "hk": "tiger", "hs": "The kanji in this frame recalls the famous Bengali fable about the group of magicians (the <i>magic wand</i> ) who decided to make a <b>tiger</b>. It seems that each of them knew how to make one part of the beast, so they pooled their talents and brought all the pieces ( <i>diced</i> into pieces) together, at which point the fabricated <b><i>tiger</i></b> promptly ate its makers up (the bodiless <i>human legs</i> ). Whatever the parable's significance for modern civilization and its arsenals, it should help with this kanji. Oh yes, we should not forget that cliff-like element. Think of it as an abbreviation of the primitive for <i>zoo</i> (the first and fourth strokes, actually), in order to fit the <b>tiger</b> somewhere into the picture. In fact, the abbreviation is perfectly logical, since the bottom elements usurp the room for the rest of the primitive for <i>zoo</i>.", "ks": "Magic wand + first two strokes of pelt ( 皮 ) + diced + human legs. A wizard who turns people he doesn't like into newts with his magic wand goes for variety - he has always wanted a <b>tiger</b> pelt - but things go awry when the <b>tiger</b> promptly dices and eats him, leaving only a pair of legs. (a fitting end for a wicked wizard).", "v": [{"w": "虎", "rd": "とら", "mn": "tiger (Panthera tigris)", "fr": 7945}], "p": null}, {"k": "盆", "g": 8, "o": 1631, "f": 1654, "j": null, "on": "ボン", "kun": "", "m": "basin; lantern festival; tray", "pm": "basin", "r": [{"c": "分", "nj": "ブン", "ne": "part"}, {"c": "皿", "nj": "さら", "ne": "plate"}], "hc": "part; eight; sword; dagger; dish", "hk": "basin", "hs": "Part . . . dish.", "ks": "The <i>part</i> of the kitchen sink in which you wash <i>dishes</i> in is the <b>basin</b>.", "v": [{"w": "盆", "rd": "ぼん", "mn": "tray", "fr": 16387}, {"w": "盆地", "rd": "ぼんち", "mn": "basin (e.g. between mountains)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "盆栽", "rd": "ぼんさい", "mn": "bonsai; miniature potted plant", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盆踊り", "rd": "ぼんおどり", "mn": "Bon Festival dance; Lantern Festival dance", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "穂", "g": 8, "o": 1632, "f": 1656, "j": null, "on": "スイ", "kun": "ほ", "m": "ear; ear (grain); head; crest (wave)", "pm": "ear", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "恵", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "favor"}], "hc": "ear (of a plant); wheat; cereal; favour; favor; ten; needle; rice field; brains; heart", "hk": "ear of a plant", "hs": "Wheat . . . favor.", "ks": "The pilgrims only had <i>wheat</i> , so they asked the Indians to do them a <i>favor</i> and trade them for some <b>ears</b> of corn.", "v": [{"w": "穂", "rd": "ほ", "mn": "ear (of a cereal plant); head; spike", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "稲穂", "rd": "いなほ", "mn": "ear (head) of rice", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "壮", "g": 8, "o": 1633, "f": 1657, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "さかん", "m": "robust; manhood; prosperity", "pm": "robust", "r": [{"c": "丬", "nj": "", "ne": "half of tree trunk"}, {"c": "士", "nj": "さむらい", "ne": "man"}], "hc": "turtle; samurai", "hk": "robust", "hs": "<b>Robust</b> is seen as a <i>turtle</i> turned <i>samurai</i>.", "ks": "The image is a <b>robust</b> green bulging-muscle cartoon turtle. A TMNT with hachimaki. <i>turtle</i> - <i>samurai</i>.", "v": [{"w": "壮大", "rd": "そうだい", "mn": "magnificent; grand; majestic; splendid", "fr": 9714}, {"w": "悲壮", "rd": "ひそう", "mn": "tragic but brave; heroic; grim", "fr": 23728}, {"w": "壮年", "rd": "そうねん", "mn": "prime of life", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "壮烈", "rd": "そうれつ", "mn": "heroic; brave", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "壮行", "rd": "そうこう", "mn": "(rousing) send-off; farewell", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "強壮", "rd": "きょうそう", "mn": "able-bodied; robust; sturdy; strong", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "堤", "g": 8, "o": 1634, "f": 1658, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "つつみ", "m": "dike; bank; embankment", "pm": "dike", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "是", "nj": "ゼ", "ne": "just so"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; just so; sun; day; mend", "hk": "dike", "hs": "A <b>dike</b> is a successful bit of engineering only if the amount of <i>earth</i> piled up is measured <i>just so</i> for the height and pressure of the water it is meant to contain.", "ks": "Making a <b>dike</b> is all about arranging the <i>soil just so…</i>.", "v": [{"w": "堤防", "rd": "ていぼう", "mn": "bank; weir; embankment; levee", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "堤", "rd": "つつみ", "mn": "bank; embankment; dike", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "防波堤", "rd": "ぼうはてい", "mn": "breakwater; mole", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "飢", "g": 8, "o": 1635, "f": 1659, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "う.える", "m": "hungry; starve", "pm": "hungry", "r": [{"c": "飠", "nj": "しょくへん", "ne": "food"}, {"c": "几", "nj": "きにょう", "ne": "table"}], "hc": "eat; food; umbrella; good; halo; drop; silver; wind", "hk": "hungry", "hs": "Food . . . wind.", "ks": "The wind blew away my food , so now I'm hungry.", "v": [{"w": "飢える", "rd": "うえる", "mn": "to starve; to be famished; to be hungry", "fr": 5651}, {"w": "飢え死に", "rd": "うえじに", "mn": "(death from) starvation; starving to death", "fr": 23669}, {"w": "飢饉", "rd": "ききん", "mn": "famine; crop failure", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "飢え", "rd": "うえ", "mn": "hunger; starvation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "飢餓", "rd": "きが", "mn": "starvation; famine; hunger", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "傍", "g": 8, "o": 1636, "f": 1660, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "かたわ.ら、わき、おか-、はた、そば", "m": "bystander; side; besides; while; nearby; third person", "pm": "bystander", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "旁", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "RHS of character"}], "hc": "person; traffic cop; fez; vase; stand up; crown; compass; direction", "hk": "bystander", "hs": "Person . . . stand . . . crown . . . compass.", "ks": "In Japan, the emperor is a <b>bystander</b> \\- he <i>stands on his crown</i> but can't really affect the <i>direction</i> of the country. (thx shimouma).", "v": [{"w": "傍ら", "rd": "かたわら", "mn": "side; edge; beside; besides; nearby", "fr": 6972}, {"w": "傍観", "rd": "ぼうかん", "mn": "looking on; standing by and watching; sitting back and watching; remaining a spe", "fr": 18082}, {"w": "傍受", "rd": "ぼうじゅ", "mn": "interception; monitoring; tapping", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "傍聴", "rd": "ぼうちょう", "mn": "listening (to a lecture, hearing, parliament session, etc.); attending (without ", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "疫", "g": 8, "o": 1637, "f": 1661, "j": null, "on": "エキ、ヤク", "kun": "", "m": "epidemic", "pm": "epidemic", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "sickness; hospital; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "epidemic", "hs": "Sickness . . . missile.", "ks": "When CAVEMAN first fashions a primitive MISSILE and kills a mammoth with it, the technique spreads like an EPIDEMIC across the inhabited world.", "v": [{"w": "免疫", "rd": "めんえき", "mn": "immunity; immunization; immunisation", "fr": 16109}, {"w": "疫病", "rd": "えきびょう", "mn": "epidemic; plague; pestilence", "fr": 24825}, {"w": "検疫", "rd": "けんえき", "mn": "quarantine; medical inspection", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "防疫", "rd": "ぼうえき", "mn": "communicable disease control (e.g. by quarantine, disinfection, etc.); preventio", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "累", "g": 8, "o": 1638, "f": 1662, "j": null, "on": "ルイ", "kun": "", "m": "accumulate; involvement; trouble; tie up; continually", "pm": "accumulate", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}], "hc": "rice field; brains; thread; spiderman", "hk": "accumulate", "hs": "<i>Rice field</i> . . . <i>threads</i>. Make use of the position of the elements to distinguish this kanji from that of the previous frame.", "ks": "Like a jellyfish, a floating BRAIN accumulate s THREADS beneath it– a weird collection.", "v": [{"w": "累積", "rd": "るいせき", "mn": "accumulation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "累計", "rd": "るいけい", "mn": "cumulative total; accumulated total; total up to now", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "累進", "rd": "るいしん", "mn": "successive promotion; gradual progression; rising step by step", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "痴", "g": 8, "o": 1639, "f": 1663, "j": null, "on": "チ", "kun": "し.れる、おろか", "m": "stupid; foolish", "pm": "stupid", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "知", "nj": "チ", "ne": "know"}], "hc": "sickness; hospital; know; dart; drop; heavens; mouth", "hk": "stupid", "hs": "Know . . . sickness.", "ks": "Of course <i>caveman</i> is <b>stupid</b>. He doesn't <i>know</i> anything. He's a <i>caveman</i>!", "v": [{"w": "愚痴", "rd": "ぐち", "mn": "idle complaint; grumble", "fr": 5734}, {"w": "痴漢", "rd": "ちかん", "mn": "molester; groper; masher; pervert", "fr": 13281}, {"w": "方向音痴", "rd": "ほうこうおんち", "mn": "(person with) no sense of direction; poor sense of locality", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "痴呆", "rd": "ちほう", "mn": "dementia", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "音痴", "rd": "おんち", "mn": "tone deafness; amusia; having no ear for music", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "搬", "g": 8, "o": 1640, "f": 1664, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "", "m": "conveyor; carry; transport", "pm": "conveyor", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "般", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "carrier"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; carrier; boat; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "conveyor", "hs": "Fingers . . . carrier.", "ks": "Fingers take food from the sushi carrier , a conveyor belt.", "v": [{"w": "搬送", "rd": "はんそう", "mn": "transportation; conveyance; delivery", "fr": 13011}, {"w": "運搬", "rd": "うんぱん", "mn": "transport; transportation; conveyance; carriage", "fr": 14626}, {"w": "搬入", "rd": "はんにゅう", "mn": "carrying in (esp. heavy objects, artwork, furniture); bringing in; taking in", "fr": 19446}, {"w": "搬出", "rd": "はんしゅつ", "mn": "carrying out (esp. heavy objects, artwork, furniture); taking out", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "畳", "g": 8, "o": 1641, "f": 1665, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ、チョウ", "kun": "たた.む、たたみ、かさ.なる", "m": "tatami mat; counter for tatami mats; fold; shut up; do away with", "pm": "tatami mat", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "且", "nj": "ショ", "ne": "moreover"}], "hc": "rice field; brains; crown; shelf; my bookshelves", "hk": "tatami mat", "hs": "Rice field . . . crown . . . shelf.", "ks": "The king is peacefully sleeping on his new <b>tatami mat</b> when all of a sudden a shelf falls over and kills him. You can see his crown poking out and the brains splatter out the top of his head from all the pressure.", "v": [{"w": "畳む", "rd": "たたむ", "mn": "to fold (clothes, umbrella)", "fr": 8948}, {"w": "畳", "rd": "じょう", "mn": "tatami mat (esp. as a measure of room size, either 1.82 sqm or 1.54 sqm)", "fr": 8963}, {"w": "四畳半", "rd": "よじょうはん", "mn": "four and a half tatami mats; four-and-a-half-mat room", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "癒", "g": 8, "o": 1642, "f": 1667, "j": null, "on": "ユ", "kun": "い.える、いや.す、い.やす", "m": "healing; cure; quench (thirst); wreak", "pm": "healing", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "愈", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "be superior"}], "hc": "sickness; hospital; in the nick of time; meeting of butchers; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; sword; sabre; saber; heart", "hk": "healing", "hs": "", "ks": "At the <i>butcher's meeting</i> , all the butcher's who have a <i>heart disease</i> attend the faith <b>healing</b> workshop.", "v": [{"w": "治癒", "rd": "ちゆ", "mn": "healing; cure; recovery", "fr": 12357}, {"w": "癒着", "rd": "ゆちゃく", "mn": "adhesion; conglutination; accretion", "fr": 23616}], "p": null}, {"k": "郭", "g": 8, "o": 1643, "f": 1670, "j": null, "on": "カク", "kun": "くるわ", "m": "enclosure; quarters; fortification; red-light district", "pm": "enclosure", "r": [{"c": "享", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "enjoy"}, {"c": "邑", "nj": "おおざと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "receive; tall; top hat; mouth; child; children; city walls", "hk": "enclosure", "hs": "Receive . . . city walls.", "ks": "Even the tall kids can't get out of the enclosure that is the city walls.", "v": [{"w": "輪郭", "rd": "りんかく", "mn": "contour; outline; silhouette", "fr": 9086}, {"w": "城郭", "rd": "じょうかく", "mn": "castle; citadel; fortress", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "外郭", "rd": "がいかく", "mn": "outer fence; outer enclosure; outer block", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "外郭団体", "rd": "がいかくだんたい", "mn": "auxiliary organization (organisation); extra-departmental body; fringe organizat", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "尿", "g": 8, "o": 1644, "f": 1672, "j": null, "on": "ニョウ", "kun": "ゆばり、いばり、しと", "m": "urine", "pm": "urine", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "水", "nj": "みず", "ne": "water"}], "hc": "flag; water", "hk": "urine", "hs": "Flag . . . water.", "ks": "Someone is pissing on the American flag, but since the urine is clear it looks like water.", "v": [{"w": "尿", "rd": "にょう", "mn": "urine", "fr": 21843}, {"w": "尿酸", "rd": "にょうさん", "mn": "uric acid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "泌尿器", "rd": "ひにょうき", "mn": "urinary organs", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "糖尿病", "rd": "とうにょうびょう", "mn": "diabetes; diabetes mellitus", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "凶", "g": 8, "o": 1645, "f": 1673, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "", "m": "villain; evil; bad luck; disaster", "pm": "villain", "r": [{"c": "乂", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "mow"}, {"c": "凵", "nj": "かんにょう", "ne": "container"}], "hc": "sheaf; shovel", "hk": "villain", "hs": "Sheaf . . . shovel.", "ks": "Wolverine (sheaf, see [reap](../v4/1488.html) (#1488 刈)) takes out a <b>villain</b> who can't be cut by smacking the crap out of him with a shovel.", "v": [{"w": "凶悪", "rd": "きょうあく", "mn": "atrocious; heinous; fiendish; brutal; vicious", "fr": 7024}, {"w": "凶器", "rd": "きょうき", "mn": "dangerous weapon; lethal weapon; deadly weapon; murder weapon", "fr": 7086}, {"w": "元凶", "rd": "げんきょう", "mn": "ringleader; main culprit", "fr": 8753}, {"w": "凶作", "rd": "きょうさく", "mn": "bad harvest; poor crop", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "吐", "g": 8, "o": 1646, "f": 1674, "j": null, "on": "ト", "kun": "は.く、つ.く", "m": "spit; vomit; belch; confess; tell (lies)", "pm": "spit", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "mouth; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "spit", "hs": "We have here a rather small <i>mouth</i> (it is always compressed when set on the left) next to a much larger piece of <i>dirt</i>. It is not hard to imagine what you might do if you got a <i>mouth</i> full of <i>dirt</i>. As least I know what I would do: <b>spit</b> it out as fast and far as I could!", "ks": "<b>SPIT</b> goes from my MOUTH to the GROUND.", "v": [{"w": "吐く", "rd": "つく", "mn": "to breathe out; to breathe", "fr": 1656}, {"w": "吐き出す", "rd": "はきだす", "mn": "to vomit; to spit out", "fr": 3378}, {"w": "吐き気", "rd": "はきけ", "mn": "nausea; feeling like throwing up; feeling sick", "fr": 10117}, {"w": "吐露", "rd": "とろ", "mn": "expressing one's mind; speaking out", "fr": 17061}, {"w": "嘔吐", "rd": "おうと", "mn": "vomiting; emesis", "fr": 17503}], "p": null}, {"k": "宴", "g": 8, "o": 1647, "f": 1675, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "うたげ", "m": "banquet; feast; party", "pm": "banquet", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}], "hc": "relax; house; sun; day; tongue wagging; woman", "hk": "banquet", "hs": "To carry on from the last frame, we note the entire <i>day</i> of work that comes between a <i>woman</i> and her <i>house</i> in preparing for a dinner <b>banquet</b> , pictorially \"interrupting\" her <i>relaxation</i>.", "ks": "The WOMAN spent all DAY preparing a <b>banquet</b> in the HOUSE.", "v": [{"w": "宴", "rd": "うたげ", "mn": "party; banquet; feast", "fr": 8992}, {"w": "宴会", "rd": "えんかい", "mn": "party; banquet; reception; feast; dinner", "fr": 11478}, {"w": "宴席", "rd": "えんせき", "mn": "banquet; dinner party", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "披露宴", "rd": "ひろうえん", "mn": "reception (e.g. wedding); banquet; celebration; party", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "饗宴", "rd": "きょうえん", "mn": "feast; banquet", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "賓", "g": 8, "o": 1648, "f": 1677, "j": null, "on": "ヒン", "kun": "まろうど、したがう", "m": "V.I.P.; guest", "pm": "V.I.P.", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "少", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "few"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "house; one; ceiling; few; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "V.I.P.", "hs": "The <b>V.I.P.</b> indicated here is an important guest making a visit. The elements are: <i>house</i> . . . <i>ceiling</i> . . . <i>few</i> . . . <i>shells</i>.", "ks": "This <i>house</i> is reserved to <b>V.I.P.</b> only. If you are not <i>one of the few</i> with enough <i>money</i> to call you that way, keep out!", "v": [{"w": "国賓", "rd": "こくひん", "mn": "state guest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "来賓", "rd": "らいひん", "mn": "guest; visitor; visitor's arrival", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "貴賓", "rd": "きひん", "mn": "noble visitor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賓客", "rd": "ひんきゃく", "mn": "guest of honour; guest of honor; privileged guest; visitor", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "迎賓館", "rd": "げいひんかん", "mn": "reception hall (esp. for visiting state dignitaries); guest house", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "虜", "g": 8, "o": 1649, "f": 1678, "j": null, "on": "リョ、ロ", "kun": "とりこ、とりく", "m": "captive; barbarian; low epithet for the enemy", "pm": "captive", "r": [{"c": "虍", "nj": "とらがしら", "ne": "tiger"}, {"c": "男", "nj": "ダン", "ne": "male"}], "hc": "tiger; male; rice field; brains; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "captive", "hs": "Tiger . . . man.", "ks": "<b>Captive</b> <i>men</i> are thrown to the tigers. I think you can imagine something else is done to <b>captive</b> women…", "v": [{"w": "捕虜", "rd": "ほりょ", "mn": "prisoner (of war); POW; captive", "fr": 16305}], "p": null}, {"k": "膚", "g": 8, "o": 1650, "f": 1679, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "はだ", "m": "skin; body; grain; texture; disposition", "pm": "skin", "r": [{"c": "虍", "nj": "とらがしら", "ne": "tiger"}, {"c": "胃", "nj": "イ", "ne": "stomach"}], "hc": "tiger; stomach; rice field; brains; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "skin", "hs": "Tiger . . . stomach.", "ks": "Ending up in a tiger's stomach is not good for your <b>skin</b> , as it's full of stomach acids.", "v": [{"w": "皮膚", "rd": "ひふ", "mn": "skin", "fr": 5820}, {"w": "皮膚病", "rd": "ひふびょう", "mn": "skin disease", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皮膚科", "rd": "ひふか", "mn": "dermatology", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "陶", "g": 8, "o": 1651, "f": 1680, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "すえ", "m": "pottery; porcelain", "pm": "pottery", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "勹", "nj": "つつみがまえ", "ne": "to wrap"}, {"c": "缶", "nj": "みずがめ", "ne": "earthen jar"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; bound up; tin can; noon; sign of the horse; shovel", "hk": "pottery", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . bound up . . . tin can.", "ks": "At <i>The Pinnacle</i> , traditional <b>pottery</b> is done by <i>binding</i> up a bunch of <i>tin cans</i> into whatever pot shape desired.", "v": [{"w": "鬱陶しい", "rd": "うっとうしい", "mn": "gloomy (e.g. mood); depressing", "fr": 10873}, {"w": "陶器", "rd": "とうき", "mn": "pottery; earthenware; ceramics; (soft-paste) porcelain; china", "fr": 17126}, {"w": "陶酔", "rd": "とうすい", "mn": "intoxication", "fr": 19472}, {"w": "陶工", "rd": "とうこう", "mn": "potter; ceramist; ceramicist", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陶磁器", "rd": "とうじき", "mn": "ceramics; pottery and porcelain", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "陶芸", "rd": "とうげい", "mn": "ceramic art; ceramics", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鐘", "g": 8, "o": 1652, "f": 1681, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "かね", "m": "bell; gong; chimes", "pm": "bell", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "童", "nj": "ドウ", "ne": "juvenile"}], "hc": "metal; gold; juvenile; vase; stand up; computer", "hk": "bell", "hs": "This <b>bell</b> is made of cheap <i>metal</i> , and so badly made that when you ring it, it lets out a noise like the \" <b>bell</b> owing\" of <i>juveniles</i> who aren't getting their own way.", "ks": "The METAL <b>bell</b> rings to call the JUVENILES to class.", "v": [{"w": "鐘", "rd": "かね", "mn": "bell (often a large hanging bell); chime", "fr": 8861}, {"w": "警鐘", "rd": "けいしょう", "mn": "alarm bell; fire bell", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鐘楼", "rd": "しょうろう", "mn": "belfry; bell tower", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "憾", "g": 8, "o": 1653, "f": 1682, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "うら.む", "m": "remorse; regret; be sorry", "pm": "remorse", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "感", "nj": "カン", "ne": "emotion"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; emotion; march; mouth; heart", "hk": "remorse", "hs": "<i>State of mind</i> . . . <i>emotion</i>. Hint: the etymology of  \" <b>remorse</b> \" indicates a memory that returns again and again to \"bite at\" one's conscience and disturb one's peace of mind.", "ks": "Data feels remorse for stealing the human emotion chip.", "v": [{"w": "遺憾", "rd": "いかん", "mn": "regrettable; unsatisfactory; deplorable; lamentable", "fr": 23385}], "p": null}, {"k": "畿", "g": 8, "o": 1654, "f": 1683, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "みやこ", "m": "capital; suburbs of capital", "pm": "capital", "r": [{"c": "幺", "nj": "いとがしら", "ne": "young"}, {"c": "戈", "nj": "ほこ", "ne": "spear"}, {"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}], "hc": "cocoon; rice field; brains; fiesta", "hk": "capital suburbs", "hs": "Two cocoons . . . field . . . fiesta.", "ks": "People aside, I wonder <i>how many rice fields</i> there are in the <b>capital suburbs</b>.", "v": [{"w": "近畿", "rd": "きんき", "mn": "Kinki (region around Osaka, Kyoto, Nara)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "弥", "g": 8, "o": 1655, "f": 1687, "j": null, "on": "ミ、ビ", "kun": "や、いや、いよ.いよ、わた.る", "m": "all the more; increasingly", "pm": "all the more", "r": [{"c": "弓", "nj": "ゆみ", "ne": "bow （in archery）"}, {"c": "尓", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "you"}], "hc": "bow; hammock; reclining; lying down; small; little", "hk": "more and more", "hs": "Bow . . . reclining . . . little.", "ks": "If I <i>recline</i> back, I can pull my <i>bow</i> open a <i>little</i> <b>more and more</b>.", "v": [{"w": "弥生", "rd": "やよい", "mn": "third month of the lunar calendar", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "阿弥陀", "rd": "あみだ", "mn": "Amitabha (Buddha); Amida", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "昆", "g": 8, "o": 1656, "f": 1688, "j": null, "on": "コン", "kun": "", "m": "descendants; elder brother; insect", "pm": "descendants", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "比", "nj": "くらべる", "ne": "to compare"}], "hc": "sun; day; compare; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "descendants", "hs": "By <i>comparing</i> apes with anthropoids, we not only discover the latter have <b>descended</b> from those progenitors educated in the higher branches, but that the very idea of seeing everything <b>descended</b> from everything else, one way or another, means that there is  \"nothing new UNDER the <i>sun</i>. \"", "ks": "Grandparent spends all DAY COMPARING photos of their <b>DESCENDANTS</b>.", "v": [{"w": "昆虫", "rd": "こんちゅう", "mn": "insect; bug", "fr": 14436}, {"w": "昆布", "rd": "こんぶ", "mn": "kombu (usu. Saccharina japonica); konbu; kelp", "fr": 23462}], "p": null}, {"k": "粗", "g": 8, "o": 1657, "f": 1689, "j": null, "on": "ソ", "kun": "あら.い、あら-", "m": "coarse; rough; rugged", "pm": "coarse", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "且", "nj": "ショ", "ne": "moreover"}], "hc": "rice; shelf; my bookshelves", "hk": "coarse", "hs": "Rice . . . shelf.", "ks": "Refined rice [1535] can only be found in exclusive grocery shops. <b>Coarse</b> <i>rice</i> by contrast fills the supermarket <i>shelves</i> \\- don't go looking for anything else there.", "v": [{"w": "粗末", "rd": "そまつ", "mn": "crude; rough; plain; humble; shabby; poor-quality; low-quality", "fr": 15379}, {"w": "粗野", "rd": "そや", "mn": "rustic; rude; vulgar; rough", "fr": 19250}, {"w": "粗筋", "rd": "あらすじ", "mn": "outline; summary; argument", "fr": 20220}, {"w": "粗い", "rd": "あらい", "mn": "coarse; rough", "fr": 20641}, {"w": "粗品", "rd": "そしな", "mn": "small present; trifling gift", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "粗大", "rd": "そだい", "mn": "coarse; rough; bulky", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "粗悪", "rd": "そあく", "mn": "coarse; crude; inferior", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "粗暴", "rd": "そぼう", "mn": "rough (behaviour, temperament, etc.); wild; rude; violent", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "粗鋼", "rd": "そこう", "mn": "crude steel", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "訂", "g": 8, "o": 1658, "f": 1690, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "ただ.す", "m": "revise; correct; decide", "pm": "revise", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "丁", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "street"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; street; nail; spike", "hk": "revise", "hs": "After completing the first draft, you <b>revise</b> it by <i>nailing</i> down your <i>words</i> and  \"hammering\" them into shape.", "ks": "<b>Revise</b> , <b>revise</b> and <b>revise</b> until you have all the words nailed down.", "v": [{"w": "訂正", "rd": "ていせい", "mn": "correction; revision; amendment", "fr": 6258}, {"w": "改訂", "rd": "かいてい", "mn": "revision (of text); alteration; change", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "改訂版", "rd": "かいていばん", "mn": "revised edition", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "尻", "g": 8, "o": 1659, "f": 1692, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "しり", "m": "buttocks; hips; butt; rear", "pm": "buttocks", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "九", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "nine"}], "hc": "flag; nine; baseball", "hk": "buttocks", "hs": "Flag . . . baseball team.", "ks": "The <i>baseball</i> team stick <i>flags</i> in their <b>buttocks</b> and wave them at the opposing team to put them off.", "v": [{"w": "尻", "rd": "しり", "mn": "buttocks; behind; rump; bottom; hips", "fr": 4550}, {"w": "尻尾", "rd": "しっぽ", "mn": "tail (of an animal)", "fr": 4773}], "p": null}, {"k": "傘", "g": 8, "o": 1660, "f": 1694, "j": null, "on": "サン", "kun": "かさ", "m": "umbrella", "pm": "umbrella", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "从", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "two people"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "assembly line; person; ten; needle", "hk": "umbrella", "hs": "Umbrella . . . two assembly lines . . . needle.", "ks": "A pictograph: 4 people sheltering under one big umbrella.", "v": [{"w": "傘", "rd": "かさ", "mn": "umbrella; parasol", "fr": 4267}, {"w": "傘下", "rd": "さんか", "mn": "affiliated with; under jurisdiction of; under the umbrella", "fr": 20919}, {"w": "日傘", "rd": "ひがさ", "mn": "parasol (esp. one carried in the hand); sunshade", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "騎", "g": 8, "o": 1661, "f": 1696, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "", "m": "equestrian; riding on horses; counter for equestrians", "pm": "equestrian", "r": [{"c": "馬", "nj": "うま", "ne": "horse"}, {"c": "奇", "nj": "キ", "ne": "strange"}], "hc": "team of horses; strange; large; St. Bernard; street; nail; spike; mouth", "hk": "equestrian", "hs": "Team of horses . . . strange.", "ks": "Equestrian is a strange word that just means horses.", "v": [{"w": "騎士", "rd": "きし", "mn": "(medieval) knight", "fr": 5781}, {"w": "一騎打ち", "rd": "いっきうち", "mn": "single combat; duel; one-on-one fight", "fr": 18533}, {"w": "騎兵", "rd": "きへい", "mn": "cavalry; cavalryman; trooper", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "騎手", "rd": "きしゅ", "mn": "horseman; rider; jockey", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "騎馬", "rd": "きば", "mn": "horse riding; horseback riding; horseback rider", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "寧", "g": 8, "o": 1662, "f": 1697, "j": null, "on": "ネイ", "kun": "むし.ろ", "m": "rather; preferably; peaceful; quiet; tranquility", "pm": "rather", "r": [{"c": "寍", "nj": "ネイ", "ne": "used as a term of comparison"}, {"c": "丁", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "street"}], "hc": "house; heart; eye; cross-eyed; net; street; nail; spike", "hk": "rather", "hs": "House . . . heart . . . eye . . . spike.", "ks": "Rather a house with a heart than an eye with a spike.", "v": [{"w": "寧ろ", "rd": "むしろ", "mn": "rather; better; instead; if anything", "fr": 887}, {"w": "丁寧", "rd": "ていねい", "mn": "polite; courteous; civil", "fr": 2476}], "p": null}, {"k": "濯", "g": 8, "o": 1663, "f": 1698, "j": null, "on": "タク", "kun": "すす.ぐ、ゆす.ぐ", "m": "laundry; wash; pour on; rinse", "pm": "laundry", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "翟", "nj": "ケキ", "ne": "surname"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; futon; feathers; wings; turkey", "hk": "laundry", "hs": "Water . . . feathers . . . turkey", "ks": "Wednesday is laundry day. Or in kanji arithmetics: 水 + 曜 = 濯 + 日 .", "v": [{"w": "洗濯", "rd": "せんたく", "mn": "washing; laundry", "fr": 3847}, {"w": "洗濯物", "rd": "せんたくもの", "mn": "laundry; the washing", "fr": 7106}, {"w": "洗濯機", "rd": "せんたくき", "mn": "washing machine; (clothes) washer", "fr": 12995}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "循", "g": 8, "o": 1664, "f": 1699, "j": null, "on": "ジュン", "kun": "", "m": "sequential; follow", "pm": "sequential", "r": [{"c": "彳", "nj": "ぎょうにんべん", "ne": "step"}, {"c": "盾", "nj": "ジュン", "ne": "shield"}], "hc": "Nelson; column; going; line; shield; drag; ten; needle; eye", "hk": "sequential", "hs": "Line . . . shield.", "ks": "This is mostly used in the word 循環 , \"circulation\" (of buses through their routes, of blood, etc). So I think of a column of little Roman soldiers with their shields marching <b>sequential</b> ly through the veins of a person, as an anthropomorphization of the immune system.", "v": [{"w": "循環", "rd": "じゅんかん", "mn": "circulation; rotation; cycle; loop", "fr": 15558}, {"w": "循環器", "rd": "じゅんかんき", "mn": "circulatory organ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "悪循環", "rd": "あくじゅんかん", "mn": "vicious circle; vicious cycle", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "忍", "g": 8, "o": 1665, "f": 1700, "j": null, "on": "ニン", "kun": "しの.ぶ、しの.ばせる", "m": "endure; bear; put up with; conceal; secrete; spy; sneak", "pm": "endure", "r": [{"c": "刃", "nj": "ジン", "ne": "blade"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "blade; sword; dagger; drop; heart", "hk": "endure", "hs": "Blade . . . heart. <b>Endure</b> here means long-suffering patience.", "ks": "To endure unrequited love is like living with a blade in your heart.", "v": [{"w": "忍者", "rd": "にんじゃ", "mn": "ninja", "fr": 10597}, {"w": "忍ぶ", "rd": "しのぶ", "mn": "to conceal oneself; to hide", "fr": 16831}, {"w": "残忍", "rd": "ざんにん", "mn": "brutal; cruel; merciless; ruthless; cold-blooded", "fr": 18903}, {"w": "忍耐", "rd": "にんたい", "mn": "endurance; perseverance; patience", "fr": 21333}], "p": null}, {"k": "猫", "g": 8, "o": 1666, "f": 1702, "j": null, "on": "ビョウ", "kun": "ねこ", "m": "cat", "pm": "cat", "r": [{"c": "犭", "nj": "けものへん", "ne": "beast"}, {"c": "苗", "nj": "ビョウ", "ne": "seedling"}], "hc": "pack of wild dogs; seedlings; flowers; rice field; brains", "hk": "cat", "hs": "Knowing how much dogs love to chase <b>cats</b> , picture a <i>pack of wild dogs</i> planting  \" <b>cat</b> - <i>seedlings</i> ,\" watering them, and fertilizing them until they can be harvested as a crop of <b>cats</b> for them to chase and torment. If you begin from the key word and think of a  \"crop of <b>cats</b> ,\" you will not confuse this story with the apparently similar story of two frames ago.", "ks": "The <b>cat</b> hid in the FLOWERS of the FIELD from the WILD DOGs.", "v": [{"w": "猫", "rd": "ねこ", "mn": "cat (esp. the domestic cat, Felis catus); feline", "fr": 1498}, {"w": "子猫", "rd": "こねこ", "mn": "kitten", "fr": 9691}, {"w": "山猫", "rd": "やまねこ", "mn": "wildcat (European wildcat, Iriomote cat, Tsushima cat, etc.)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "猫背", "rd": "ねこぜ", "mn": "bent back; hunchback; stoop", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "猫舌", "rd": "ねこじた", "mn": "dislike of very hot food or drink; inability to take hot food", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N3 Kanji", "i": 133, "rp": 6, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "怠", "g": 8, "o": 1667, "f": 1703, "j": null, "on": "タイ", "kun": "おこた.る、なま.ける", "m": "neglect; laziness", "pm": "neglect", "r": [{"c": "台", "nj": "ダイ", "ne": "pedestal"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "pedestal; elbow; mouth; heart", "hk": "neglect", "hs": "Pedestal . . . heart.", "ks": "Someone you put on a pedestal will NEGLECT your heart.", "v": [{"w": "怠る", "rd": "おこたる", "mn": "to neglect; to be negligent in; to be neglectful of; to fail to do; to leave und", "fr": 6438}, {"w": "怠い", "rd": "だるい", "mn": "sluggish; languid; listless; heavy (heart, legs, etc.); dull", "fr": 9450}, {"w": "怠惰", "rd": "たいだ", "mn": "lazy; idle; indolent; slothful", "fr": 16327}, {"w": "怠ける", "rd": "なまける", "mn": "to be lazy; to be idle; to slack", "fr": 19422}, {"w": "怠慢", "rd": "たいまん", "mn": "negligence; neglect; carelessness; procrastination", "fr": 22917}, {"w": "倦怠", "rd": "けんたい", "mn": "weariness; fatigue; languor; boredom; tedium; ennui", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "怠け者", "rd": "なまけもの", "mn": "lazy person; lazy fellow; slothful person", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "如", "g": 8, "o": 1668, "f": 1704, "j": null, "on": "ジョ、ニョ", "kun": "ごと.し", "m": "likeness; like; such as; as if; better; best; equal", "pm": "likeness", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "woman; mouth", "hk": "likeness", "hs": "Pardon me if I revert to the venerable old Dr. Freud again, but his eye for symbolism is often helpful to appreciate things that more earthy imaginations once accepted more freely but that we have learned to cover over with a veneer of etiquette. For instance, the fact that things like the <i>mouth</i> of a cave served as natural ritual substitutes for the opening through which a <i>woman</i> gives birth. Hence, in order to be reborn as an adult, one may have to pass through the psychological equivalent of the womb, that is, something that bears a <b>likeness</b> to the <i>opening</i> of the <i>woman</i> from whom you were born.", "ks": "From a woman's other 口 comes a baby with a perfect likeness.", "v": [{"w": "如何にも", "rd": "いかにも", "mn": "indeed; really; truly; just (like)", "fr": 3017}, {"w": "突如", "rd": "とつじょ", "mn": "suddenly; all of a sudden; unexpectedly", "fr": 5703}, {"w": "如実", "rd": "にょじつ", "mn": "reality; actuality; actual conditions; true situation; faithful representation; ", "fr": 22110}, {"w": "如何に", "rd": "いかに", "mn": "how; in what way", "fr": 22156}, {"w": "欠如", "rd": "けつじょ", "mn": "lack; absence; shortage; deficiency; privation", "fr": 22798}, {"w": "如何", "rd": "いかが", "mn": "how; in what way; how about", "fr": 24290}, {"w": "如し", "rd": "ごとし", "mn": "like; as if; the same as", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "躍如", "rd": "やくじょ", "mn": "vivid; lifelike; graphic", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "寮", "g": 8, "o": 1669, "f": 1705, "j": null, "on": "リョウ", "kun": "", "m": "dormitory; hostel; villa; tea pavillion", "pm": "dormitory", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "尞", "nj": "リョウ", "ne": "fuel used for sacrifices"}], "hc": "house; pup tent; large; St. Bernard; sun; day; small; little", "hk": "dormitory", "hs": "House . . . pup tent.", "ks": "This guy would rather use his <i>pup-tent</i> as a <i>house</i> , than sleep in the <b>dormitory</b>. So he effectively turned that <i>pup-tent</i> into a <i>house</i> by getting a postal address for it etc. (just to emphasize house).", "v": [{"w": "寮", "rd": "りょう", "mn": "hostel; dormitory", "fr": 7258}, {"w": "寮生", "rd": "りょうせい", "mn": "boarder; boarding student", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "塔", "g": 8, "o": 1670, "f": 1708, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "", "m": "pagoda; tower; steeple", "pm": "pagoda", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "荅", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "adzuki beans"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; flowers; fit; meeting; umbrella; one; mouth", "hk": "pagoda", "hs": "On the left we see a mound of <i>dirt</i> , and to the right <i>flowers</i> made to <i>fit</i> together. The two sides combine to create a great <b>pagoda</b> made of <i>dirt</i> , with <i>flowers</i> by the tens of thousands <i>fitted</i> together for the roofing of each of the layers. Be sure to put yourself in the scene and <i>fit</i> a few of the <i>flowers</i> in place yourself so that the image works its way into memory with full force.", "ks": "The ground next to the pagoda could barely fit all the flowers the empress wanted planted.", "v": [{"w": "塔", "rd": "とう", "mn": "tower; steeple; spire", "fr": 6645}, {"w": "エッフェル塔", "rd": "エッフェルとう", "mn": "Eiffel Tower", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "バベルの塔", "rd": "バベルのとう", "mn": "Tower of Babel", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "管制塔", "rd": "かんせいとう", "mn": "control tower", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "沸", "g": 8, "o": 1671, "f": 1709, "j": null, "on": "フツ", "kun": "わ.く、わ.かす", "m": "seethe; boil; ferment; uproar; breed", "pm": "seethe", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "弗", "nj": "フツ", "ne": "dollar"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; dollar; bow; stick", "hk": "seethe", "hs": "Water . . . dollar sign.", "ks": "When his daughter used a lot of water for her shower, the father could practically see the dollar signs , so he was seething with anger.", "v": [{"w": "沸く", "rd": "わく", "mn": "to grow hot (e.g. water); to boil", "fr": 6790}, {"w": "沸かす", "rd": "わかす", "mn": "to boil; to heat (a liquid); to prepare (a bath, hot drink)", "fr": 9189}, {"w": "沸騰", "rd": "ふっとう", "mn": "boiling; seething", "fr": 9554}, {"w": "湯沸かし器", "rd": "ゆわかしき", "mn": "water heater; water boiler", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "鉛", "g": 8, "o": 1672, "f": 1710, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "なまり", "m": "lead", "pm": "lead", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "㕣", "nj": "", "ne": "a marsh at the foot of the hills"}], "hc": "lead; metal; gold; gully; eight; mouth", "hk": "lead (metal)", "hs": "Metal . . . gully.", "ks": "Lead is a very poisonous metal, and should not enter your mouth.", "v": [{"w": "鉛筆", "rd": "えんぴつ", "mn": "(wooden) pencil", "fr": 12887}, {"w": "鉛", "rd": "なまり", "mn": "lead (Pb)", "fr": 14258}, {"w": "亜鉛", "rd": "あえん", "mn": "zinc (Zn)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "黒鉛", "rd": "こくえん", "mn": "graphite", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "珠", "g": 8, "o": 1673, "f": 1711, "j": null, "on": "シュ", "kun": "たま", "m": "pearl; gem; jewel", "pm": "pearl", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "朱", "nj": "シュ", "ne": "vermilion"}], "hc": "king; jewel; ball; vermillion; drop; not yet; one; tree; wood", "hk": "pearl", "hs": "Take care to keep the meaning of this kanji distinct from that for <i>jewel</i>. Think of the most enormous <b>pearl</b> you have ever seen, a great <i>vermilion</i> -colored <i>ball</i> sitting on your ring and making it extremely difficult to move without falling over from the weight of the thing.", "ks": "The king of the Oysters produces special Vermillion <b>pearl</b> s!", "v": [{"w": "真珠", "rd": "しんじゅ", "mn": "pearl", "fr": 16951}, {"w": "数珠", "rd": "じゅず", "mn": "rosary; string of prayer beads", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "珠玉", "rd": "しゅぎょく", "mn": "jewel; gem", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "珠算", "rd": "しゅざん", "mn": "calculation on an abacus", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "凝", "g": 8, "o": 1674, "f": 1712, "j": null, "on": "ギョウ", "kun": "こ.る、こ.らす、こご.らす、こご.らせる、こご.る", "m": "congeal; freeze; stiff; be absorbed in", "pm": "congeal", "r": [{"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}, {"c": "疑", "nj": "ギ", "ne": "doubt"}], "hc": "ice; doubt; spoon; sitting on the ground; dart; drop; heavens; chop-seal; hanko; zoo; critters", "hk": "congeal", "hs": "Ice . . . doubt.", "ks": "I doubt that congeal is the right word to use when ice freezes.", "v": [{"w": "凝る", "rd": "こる", "mn": "to become stiff (of muscles)", "fr": 7300}, {"w": "凝視", "rd": "ぎょうし", "mn": "stare; gaze; fixation", "fr": 7520}, {"w": "凝縮", "rd": "ぎょうしゅく", "mn": "condensation (of ideas, emotions, etc.); concentration", "fr": 14584}, {"w": "凝った", "rd": "こった", "mn": "elaborate; exquisite; ornate; refined; sophisticated", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "凝り性", "rd": "こりしょう", "mn": "tendency to become totally absorbed in something; monomania; perfectionism; fast", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "凝固", "rd": "ぎょうこ", "mn": "coagulation; freezing; solidification", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "苗", "g": 8, "o": 1675, "f": 1713, "j": null, "on": "ビョウ、ミョウ", "kun": "なえ、なわ-", "m": "seedling; sapling; shoot", "pm": "seedling", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}], "hc": "flowers; rice field; brains", "hk": "seedling", "hs": "To avoid confusion with the image of rice seedlings to appear later, we shall take these <b>seedlings</b> out of their agricultural setting in the <i>rice fields</i> and into the frame of Brave New World surgery, where  \"ideas\" or \"values\" are being implanted into <i>brains</i> like <b>seedlings</b> to insure a harmonious society. Then you need only imagine them taking root and breaking out into <i>flower</i> right through the tops of the skulls of people walking around on the streets.", "ks": "If you plant <b>seedling</b> s in a FIELD eventually they will FLOWER.", "v": [{"w": "苗字", "rd": "みょうじ", "mn": "surname; family name; last name", "fr": 13737}, {"w": "苗", "rd": "なえ", "mn": "seedling; young plant", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "苗床", "rd": "なえどこ", "mn": "seedbed; nursery; seed-plot", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "苗木", "rd": "なえぎ", "mn": "seedling; sapling; young tree", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "獣", "g": 8, "o": 1676, "f": 1714, "j": null, "on": "ジュウ", "kun": "けもの、けだもの", "m": "animal; beast", "pm": "animal", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "犬", "nj": "いぬ", "ne": "dog"}], "hc": "owl; rice field; brains; one; mouth; chihuahua; dog; large; drop", "hk": "animal", "hs": "Owl . . . rice field . . . one . . . mouth . . . chihuahua.", "ks": "The <i>owl</i> looks for its prey in the <i>rice field</i>. It sees so many potential <b>animal</b> s to eat but since it only has <i>one mouth</i> , it decides that the tasty looking <i>chihuahua</i> will be its meal for tonight. (adapted from Copycatken,1-9-2006).", "v": [{"w": "獣", "rd": "けだもの", "mn": "beast; brute; animal", "fr": 3068}, {"w": "怪獣", "rd": "かいじゅう", "mn": "monster", "fr": 13671}, {"w": "猛獣", "rd": "もうじゅう", "mn": "fierce animal; beast of prey; big game", "fr": 13998}, {"w": "野獣", "rd": "やじゅう", "mn": "wild beast; wild animal; brute", "fr": 15164}, {"w": "獣医", "rd": "じゅうい", "mn": "veterinarian; veterinary surgeon; vet", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鳥獣", "rd": "ちょうじゅう", "mn": "birds and wild animals; wildlife", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "哀", "g": 8, "o": 1677, "f": 1715, "j": null, "on": "アイ", "kun": "あわ.れ、あわ.れむ、かな.しい", "m": "pathetic; grief; sorrow; pathos; pity; sympathize", "pm": "pathetic", "r": [{"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "top hat; scarf; mouth", "hk": "pathetic", "hs": "A drunken sod in a tattered <i>top hat</i> and soiled silk <i>scarf</i> with a giant <i>mouth</i> guzzling something or other gives us a <b>pathetic</b> character role in which W. C. Fields might find himself right at home.", "ks": "One of my friends with a crazy sense of fashion loves to wear a <i>tophat</i> and a <i>scarf</i> so that you can't see his whole face but only his <i>mouth</i>. He thinks it's cool. I think it's <b>pathetic</b>.", "v": [{"w": "哀れ", "rd": "あわれ", "mn": "pity; sorrow; grief; misery; compassion; pathos", "fr": 4141}, {"w": "可哀想", "rd": "かわいそう", "mn": "poor; pitiable; pathetic; pitiful", "fr": 5219}, {"w": "哀れむ", "rd": "あわれむ", "mn": "to pity; to feel sympathy for; to sympathize with; to sympathise with; to commis", "fr": 15290}, {"w": "可哀相", "rd": "かわいそう", "mn": "poor; pitiable; pathetic; pitiful", "fr": 24512}, {"w": "哀悼", "rd": "あいとう", "mn": "condolence; regret; tribute; sorrow; sympathy; lament", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "哀愁", "rd": "あいしゅう", "mn": "pathos; sorrow; grief", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "喜怒哀楽", "rd": "きどあいらく", "mn": "human emotions (joy, anger, grief and pleasure); feelings", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "悲哀", "rd": "ひあい", "mn": "sorrow; grief; sadness", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "跳", "g": 8, "o": 1678, "f": 1716, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "は.ねる、と.ぶ、-と.び", "m": "hop; leap up; spring; jerk; prance; buck; splash; sputter; snap", "pm": "hop", "r": [{"c": "足", "nj": "あし", "ne": "foot"}, {"c": "兆", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "portent"}], "hc": "wooden leg; mouth; stop; footprint; portent; omen", "hk": "hop", "hs": "Wooden leg . . . portent.", "ks": "A turtle with a wooden leg needs to <b>hop</b> to get around.", "v": [{"w": "跳ねる", "rd": "はねる", "mn": "to jump; to leap; to prance; to spring up; to bound; to hop", "fr": 4409}, {"w": "跳ぶ", "rd": "とぶ", "mn": "to fly; to soar", "fr": 7691}, {"w": "跳ね上がる", "rd": "はねあがる", "mn": "to jump up; to spring up", "fr": 7937}, {"w": "跳躍", "rd": "ちょうやく", "mn": "jump; leap; skip; bound", "fr": 12653}, {"w": "縄跳び", "rd": "なわとび", "mn": "skipping rope; jump rope", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "走り幅跳び", "rd": "はしりはばとび", "mn": "long jump", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "走り高跳び", "rd": "はしりたかとび", "mn": "(running) high jump", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "匠", "g": 8, "o": 1679, "f": 1718, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "たくみ", "m": "artisan; workman; carpenter", "pm": "artisan", "r": [{"c": "匚", "nj": "はこがまえ", "ne": "box"}, {"c": "斤", "nj": "おのづくり", "ne": "axe"}], "hc": "box; axe", "hk": "artisan", "hs": "Box . . . ax.", "ks": "Most people don't know that one of the most revered <b>artisan</b> s in Japan preserves the ancient art of cutting <i>cardboard boxes</i> with an <i>ax</i>.", "v": [{"w": "師匠", "rd": "ししょう", "mn": "master; teacher", "fr": 4155}, {"w": "匠", "rd": "たくみ", "mn": "craftsman; artisan; workman; carpenter", "fr": 23390}, {"w": "意匠", "rd": "いしょう", "mn": "design", "fr": 24842}, {"w": "巨匠", "rd": "きょしょう", "mn": "master; masterhand; maestro", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "菓", "g": 8, "o": 1680, "f": 1719, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "", "m": "candy; cakes; fruit", "pm": "candy", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "果", "nj": "カ", "ne": "fruit"}], "hc": "flowers; fruit; rice field; brains; tree; wood", "hk": "confectionary", "hs": "Flowers . . . fruits.", "ks": "Candy is coloured like flowers and flavoured like fruit.", "v": [{"w": "お菓子", "rd": "おかし", "mn": "confections; sweets; candy; cake", "fr": 2513}, {"w": "菓子", "rd": "かし", "mn": "confectionery; sweets; candy; cake", "fr": 8443}, {"w": "和菓子", "rd": "わがし", "mn": "wagashi", "fr": 21231}, {"w": "お菓子屋", "rd": "おかしや", "mn": "confectionery shop; candy store; sweet shop", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "菓子屋", "rd": "かしや", "mn": "confectionery shop; candy store; sweet shop", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駄菓子", "rd": "だがし", "mn": "penny candy; cheap individually wrapped sweets", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駄菓子屋", "rd": "だがしや", "mn": "small-time candy store; penny candy store", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "蛇", "g": 8, "o": 1681, "f": 1721, "j": null, "on": "ジャ、ダ、イ、ヤ", "kun": "へび", "m": "snake; serpent; hard drinker", "pm": "snake", "r": [{"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}, {"c": "它", "nj": "タ", "ne": "other"}], "hc": "insect; wind chimes; house; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "snake", "hs": "Insect . . . house . . . spoon.", "ks": "I use a spoon to feed my pet-snake insects in the house.", "v": [{"w": "蛇", "rd": "へび", "mn": "snake", "fr": 5182}, {"w": "蛇口", "rd": "じゃぐち", "mn": "faucet; tap", "fr": 14614}, {"w": "蛇の目", "rd": "じゃのめ", "mn": "bull's-eye (pattern); double ring (pattern)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蛇行", "rd": "だこう", "mn": "meandering; snaking; zigzagging", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "長蛇の列", "rd": "ちょうだのれつ", "mn": "long line; long queue", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "澄", "g": 8, "o": 1682, "f": 1722, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "す.む、す.ます、-す.ます", "m": "lucidity; be clear; clear; clarify; settle; strain; look grave", "pm": "lucidity", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "登", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "ascend"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; ascend; teepee; wigwam; beans; table; one; mouth", "hk": "lucidity", "hs": "Water . . . ascend.", "ks": "A few drops of acid/peyote and the Indians obtain lucidity on their vision quest, as if they were floating in the lucid sky.", "v": [{"w": "澄む", "rd": "すむ", "mn": "to become clear (water, air, etc.); to become transparent", "fr": 6463}, {"w": "澄ます", "rd": "すます", "mn": "to clear; to make clear", "fr": 22279}, {"w": "清澄", "rd": "せいちょう", "mn": "clear; serene", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "澄み切る", "rd": "すみきる", "mn": "to be perfectly clear (water, air, etc.); to clear up", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "縫", "g": 8, "o": 1683, "f": 1723, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "ぬ.う", "m": "sew; stitch; embroider", "pm": "sew", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "逢", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "meeting"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; tryst; Segway; Macbeth; walking legs; bushes; road", "hk": "sew", "hs": "Thread . . . walking legs . . . bushes . . . road.", "ks": "Spiderman while walking through bushes chasing a villain, rips his suit and stops on the road to sew it up.", "v": [{"w": "縫う", "rd": "ぬう", "mn": "to sew; to stitch", "fr": 6850}, {"w": "裁縫", "rd": "さいほう", "mn": "sewing; needlework", "fr": 15368}, {"w": "縫い目", "rd": "ぬいめ", "mn": "seam; stitch; suture", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "縫製", "rd": "ほうせい", "mn": "sewing (by machine)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "僧", "g": 8, "o": 1684, "f": 1724, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "", "m": "Buddhist priest; monk", "pm": "Buddhist priest", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "曽", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "formerly"}], "hc": "buddhist priest; person; increase; formerly; horns; rice field; brains; sun; day", "hk": "Buddhist priest", "hs": "Person . . . increase.", "ks": "Mr T was formerly a Buddhist priest but he beat up some young alcolytes so got defrocked or whatever.", "v": [{"w": "小僧", "rd": "こぞう", "mn": "youngster; boy; kid; brat; lad", "fr": 5172}, {"w": "僧侶", "rd": "そうりょ", "mn": "priest; monk; bonze", "fr": 22797}, {"w": "僧", "rd": "そう", "mn": "monk; priest", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "僧院", "rd": "そういん", "mn": "monastery; temple", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "尼僧", "rd": "にそう", "mn": "Buddhist nun", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禅僧", "rd": "ぜんそう", "mn": "Zen priest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "高僧", "rd": "こうそう", "mn": "high priest; highly ranked priest", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "幾", "g": 8, "o": 1685, "f": 1725, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "いく-、いく.つ、いく.ら", "m": "how many; how much; how far; how long; some; several", "pm": "how many", "r": [{"c": "幺", "nj": "いとがしら", "ne": "young"}, {"c": "戍", "nj": "ジュ", "ne": "protection"}], "hc": "cocoon; person; fiesta", "hk": "how many", "hs": "<i>Two cocoons</i> . . . <i>person</i> . . . <i>fiesta</i>.", "ks": "How many went to the party? Two aliens and one person (I feel sorry for that person).", "v": [{"w": "幾ら", "rd": "いくら", "mn": "how much", "fr": 12177}, {"w": "幾度", "rd": "いくど", "mn": "(how) many times; (how) often", "fr": 13987}, {"w": "幾つか", "rd": "いくつか", "mn": "(a) few; some; several", "fr": 14166}, {"w": "幾", "rd": "いく", "mn": "some; several; a few", "fr": 14370}, {"w": "幾分", "rd": "いくぶん", "mn": "somewhat; to some extent; to some degree", "fr": 15754}, {"w": "幾つ", "rd": "いくつ", "mn": "how many", "fr": 18038}, {"w": "幾何", "rd": "きか", "mn": "geometry", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "幾何学", "rd": "きかがく", "mn": "geometry", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "幾日", "rd": "いくにち", "mn": "(for) how many days", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "眺", "g": 8, "o": 1686, "f": 1726, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "なが.める", "m": "stare; watch; look at; see; scrutinize", "pm": "stare", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}, {"c": "兆", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "portent"}], "hc": "eye; portent; turtle", "hk": "stare", "hs": "To give someone the \"evil <i>eye</i> \" is to <b>stare</b> at them, wishing them evil. The roots of the superstition are old and almost universal throughout the cultures of the world. In this kanji, too, being <b>stared</b> at is depicted as an <i>eye</i> that <i>portends</i> evil.", "ks": "Sauron's One fiery eye <b>stare</b> at Frodo and it is a sign of portent. Evil will become whomever the eye is staring upon.", "v": [{"w": "眺める", "rd": "ながめる", "mn": "to look at; to gaze at; to watch; to stare at", "fr": 2073}, {"w": "眺め", "rd": "ながめ", "mn": "scene; view; prospect; outlook", "fr": 8419}, {"w": "眺望", "rd": "ちょうぼう", "mn": "view; vista; panorama; outlook; prospect", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "唐", "g": 8, "o": 1687, "f": 1727, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "から", "m": "T'ang; China; foreign", "pm": "T'ang", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "T’ang; cave; rake; mouth", "hk": "T'ang", "hs": "The key word here refers of course to the <b>T'ang</b> Dynasty in China (and not to the name of the drink astronauts take with them into outer space, though this could be useful for the next frame). Its elements: <i>cave</i> . . . <i>rake</i> . . . <i>mouth</i>.", "ks": "Two archeologists are in a <i>cave</i> looking at Chinese artifacts from various eras. One picks up a <i>rake</i> and says, \"What about this – T'ang, do you think?\" The second puts the <i>rake</i> in his <i>mouth</i> and answers, \"Yes, it does <b>tang</b> a bit\".", "v": [{"w": "唐突", "rd": "とうとつ", "mn": "abrupt; sudden", "fr": 4445}, {"w": "唐", "rd": "とう", "mn": "Tang dynasty (of China; 618-907); T'ang dynasty", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "唐辛子", "rd": "とうがらし", "mn": "capsicum (Capsicum annuum, esp. the cultivated chili peppers); chili pepper (chi", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遣唐使", "rd": "けんとうし", "mn": "envoy to Tang China", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "呉", "g": 8, "o": 1688, "f": 1729, "j": null, "on": "ゴ", "kun": "く.れる、くれ", "m": "give; do something for; kingdom of Wu", "pm": "give", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}], "hc": "mouth; chair; tool; animal legs", "hk": "give", "hs": "The complex of strokes in this kanji is unusual and difficult, because of the fourth stroke, which is rare (see frames 33 and 34). The <i>mouth</i> and <i>tool</i> are already familiar.", "ks": "As a present, I <b>gave</b> my dentist a <i>hand-crank tool</i> for spreading <i>mouths</i>. He was so happy since it makes his job easier.", "v": [{"w": "呉服", "rd": "ごふく", "mn": "cloth (for Japanese clothes); kimono fabrics; textile; drapery; dry goods; piece", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "呉越同舟", "rd": "ごえつどうしゅう", "mn": "bitter enemies in the same boat; rivals finding themselves together by chance; s", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "凡", "g": 8, "o": 1689, "f": 1730, "j": null, "on": "ボン、ハン", "kun": "およ.そ、おうよ.そ、すべ.て", "m": "commonplace; ordinary; mediocre", "pm": "commonplace", "r": [{"c": "几", "nj": "きにょう", "ne": "table"}, {"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "drop; wind", "hk": "mediocre", "hs": "While we refer to something insignificant as a \" <i>drop</i> in the bucket, \" the kanji for <b>mediocre</b> suggests the image of a  \" <i>drop</i> in the <i>wind</i>. \"", "ks": "Is there anything as <b>mediocre</b> as a drop of piss in the wind?", "v": [{"w": "凡そ", "rd": "およそ", "mn": "about; roughly; approximately", "fr": 4226}, {"w": "平凡", "rd": "へいぼん", "mn": "ordinary; common; commonplace; mediocre; unremarkable; undistinguished; uneventf", "fr": 5856}, {"w": "凡人", "rd": "ぼんじん", "mn": "ordinary person; average person; mediocre person", "fr": 12015}, {"w": "凡庸", "rd": "ぼんよう", "mn": "mediocre; ordinary; commonplace; banal", "fr": 23399}, {"w": "凡", "rd": "ぼん", "mn": "ordinary; common; mediocre", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "憩", "g": 8, "o": 1690, "f": 1731, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "いこ.い、いこ.う", "m": "recess; rest; relax; repose", "pm": "recess", "r": [{"c": "舌", "nj": "した", "ne": "tongue"}, {"c": "息", "nj": "ソク", "ne": "breath"}], "hc": "tongue; thousand; mouth; nose; drop; eye; heart", "hk": "recess", "hs": "<i>Tongue</i> . . . <i>nose</i> . . . <i>heart</i>. The sense of <i>breath</i> from the last frame should not be used, it could lead you to put only the <i>nose</i> over the <i>heart</i> and leave the <i>tongue</i> off to one side.", "ks": "<b>Recess</b> to me is a school break. At <b>recess</b> some kiddies are comparing their latest body piercings. <i>Tongues</i> and <i>noses</i> are nothing special. The new cool is to have your <i>heart</i> done!", "v": [{"w": "休憩", "rd": "きゅうけい", "mn": "rest; break; recess; intermission", "fr": 1948}, {"w": "休憩時間", "rd": "きゅうけいじかん", "mn": "rest period; intermission; break time; recess", "fr": 12420}, {"w": "休憩所", "rd": "きゅうけいじょ", "mn": "rest area; rest stop; service area (next to a highway); service station; parking", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "憩い", "rd": "いこい", "mn": "rest; relaxation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "憩う", "rd": "いこう", "mn": "to rest; to relax; to repose", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "溝", "g": 8, "o": 1691, "f": 1736, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "みぞ", "m": "gutter; ditch; sewer; drain; 10**32", "pm": "gutter", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "冓", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "put together"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; funnel; cone; celery; again", "hk": "gutter", "hs": "Water . . . funnel.", "ks": "A <b>gutter</b> <i>funnels</i> <i>water</i>.", "v": [{"w": "溝", "rd": "みぞ", "mn": "ditch; drain; gutter; trench", "fr": 9054}, {"w": "海溝", "rd": "かいこう", "mn": "oceanic trench; deep-sea trench; deep", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "恭", "g": 8, "o": 1692, "f": 1737, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "うやうや.しい", "m": "respect; reverent", "pm": "respect", "r": [{"c": "共", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "together"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "strung together; salad; animal legs; eight; valentine", "hk": "respect", "hs": "Strung together . . . valentine.", "ks": "If you wanna stay together you have to show your valentine respect.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "刈", "g": 8, "o": 1693, "f": 1738, "j": null, "on": "ガイ、カイ", "kun": "か.る", "m": "reap; cut; clip; trim; prune", "pm": "reap", "r": [{"c": "乂", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "mow"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "sheaf; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "reap", "hs": "Sheaf . . . saber.", "ks": "You reap what you sow, so sow plenty and reap a lot to have a メリ Christmas!", "v": [{"w": "刈る", "rd": "かる", "mn": "to cut (grass, hair, etc.); to mow; to clip; to trim; to prune; to shear; to rea", "fr": 18091}, {"w": "刈り取る", "rd": "かりとる", "mn": "to mow; to reap; to harvest", "fr": 18389}, {"w": "丸刈り", "rd": "まるがり", "mn": "buzz cut; close crop", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "刈り入れ", "rd": "かりいれ", "mn": "harvest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "刈り込む", "rd": "かりこむ", "mn": "to prune; to trim; to cut back; to clip", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "稲刈り", "rd": "いねかり", "mn": "rice reaping; rice harvesting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "草刈り", "rd": "くさかり", "mn": "mowing; mower", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "睡", "g": 8, "o": 1694, "f": 1739, "j": null, "on": "スイ", "kun": "ねむ.る、ねむ.い", "m": "drowsy; sleep; die", "pm": "drowsy", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}, {"c": "垂", "nj": "スイ", "ne": "droop"}], "hc": "eye; droop; drop; silage; walking cane; stick; one; floor", "hk": "drowsy", "hs": "Eyes . . . droop.", "ks": "Our <i>eyes</i> <i>droop</i> when we are <b>drowsy</b>.", "v": [{"w": "睡眠", "rd": "すいみん", "mn": "sleep", "fr": 6739}, {"w": "熟睡", "rd": "じゅくすい", "mn": "deep sleep; sound sleep; profound sleep", "fr": 14316}, {"w": "昏睡", "rd": "こんすい", "mn": "coma", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "錯", "g": 8, "o": 1695, "f": 1740, "j": null, "on": "サク、シャク", "kun": "", "m": "confused; mix; be in disorder", "pm": "confused", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "昔", "nj": "セキ", "ne": "once upon a time"}], "hc": "metal; gold; once upon a time; storyteller; salad; sun; day", "hk": "confused", "hs": "Metal . . . once upon a time.", "ks": "A long time ago, people of the world got <b>confused</b> because there were so many kinds of Metal coins. today we only have the euro.", "v": [{"w": "錯覚", "rd": "さっかく", "mn": "illusion; hallucination", "fr": 4689}, {"w": "試行錯誤", "rd": "しこうさくご", "mn": "trial and error", "fr": 13146}, {"w": "交錯", "rd": "こうさく", "mn": "mixture; blending; complication; crossing; intersecting; interlacing", "fr": 15399}, {"w": "錯乱", "rd": "さくらん", "mn": "confusion; distraction; derangement", "fr": 15945}, {"w": "錯誤", "rd": "さくご", "mn": "mistake; error; discrepancy", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "倒錯", "rd": "とうさく", "mn": "perversion", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "時代錯誤", "rd": "じだいさくご", "mn": "anachronism", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "伯", "g": 8, "o": 1696, "f": 1741, "j": null, "on": "ハク", "kun": "", "m": "chief; count; earl; uncle; Brazil", "pm": "chief", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "白", "nj": "しろ", "ne": "white"}], "hc": "person; white; dove", "hk": "chief", "hs": "Person . . . white dove.", "ks": "OMG that kanji is racist!!! It shows the chief as a white person!!! Let's change it!", "v": [{"w": "伯爵", "rd": "はくしゃく", "mn": "count; earl", "fr": 17528}, {"w": "伯", "rd": "はく", "mn": "count; earl", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "伯仲", "rd": "はくちゅう", "mn": "being evenly matched; being equal with; being on a par with; being well conteste", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "画伯", "rd": "がはく", "mn": "master painter; great artist", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "帽", "g": 8, "o": 1697, "f": 1742, "j": null, "on": "ボウ、モウ", "kun": "ずきん、おお.う", "m": "cap; headgear", "pm": "cap", "r": [{"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}, {"c": "冒", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "risk"}], "hc": "towel; risk; sun; day; eye", "hk": "cap", "hs": "Because of the <i>risk</i> involved (of getting the <i>sun</i> in one's <i>eyes</i> ),one puts together a makeshift <b>cap</b> out of a dirty old <i>towel</i>.", "ks": "If you wear a towel as a <b>cap</b> , you are at risk of being seized and searched in U.S. airports.", "v": [{"w": "帽子", "rd": "ぼうし", "mn": "hat; cap", "fr": 4218}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "柿", "g": 8, "o": 1698, "f": 1745, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "かき", "m": "persimmon", "pm": "persimmon", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "市", "nj": "シ", "ne": "market"}], "hc": "tree; wood; market; top hat; towel", "hk": "persimmon", "hs": "Imagine a village <i>market</i>  with stalls set up around an immense <b>persimmon</b> <i>tree</i>  with watermelon-sized fruit. If it weren't for the fact that the <i>tree</i>  is sacred to the village, people would get impatient as the <b>persimmons</b>  fall from the <i>tree</i>  and wreak havoc on buyers and sellers alike.", "ks": "Persimmon = かき - they grow on trees and are sold at the market.", "v": [{"w": "柿", "rd": "かき", "mn": "kaki; Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki)", "fr": 22589}], "p": null}, {"k": "陵", "g": 8, "o": 1699, "f": 1746, "j": null, "on": "リョウ", "kun": "みささぎ", "m": "mausoleum; imperial tomb; mound; hill", "pm": "mausoleum", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "夌", "nj": "リョウ", "ne": "to dawdle"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; Mao; soil; dirt; ground; human legs; walking legs", "hk": "mausoleum", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . rice seedlings . . . walking legs.", "ks": "On top of The Pinnacle is a masoleum for rice seedling farmers. They make an annual walking pilgrimage there.", "v": [{"w": "丘陵", "rd": "きゅうりょう", "mn": "hill; hillock", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "陵", "rd": "みささぎ", "mn": "imperial mausoleum; Emperor's tomb", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "霧", "g": 8, "o": 1700, "f": 1747, "j": null, "on": "ム、ボウ、ブ", "kun": "きり", "m": "fog; mist", "pm": "fog", "r": [{"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}, {"c": "務", "nj": "ム", "ne": "task"}], "hc": "rain; weather; task; halberd; beforehand; taskmaster; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "fog", "hs": "Weather/rain . . . task.", "ks": "Rain 's task is to get rid of the fog.", "v": [{"w": "霧", "rd": "きり", "mn": "fog; mist", "fr": 4862}, {"w": "夕霧", "rd": "ゆうぎり", "mn": "evening mist", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "朝霧", "rd": "あさぎり", "mn": "morning fog; morning mist", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "濃霧", "rd": "のうむ", "mn": "heavy fog; dense fog; thick fog", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "霧雨", "rd": "きりさめ", "mn": "drizzle; light rain", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "黒い霧", "rd": "くろいきり", "mn": "thick fog (of suspicion); black veil of secrecy; covered-up crime, unethical act", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "魂", "g": 8, "o": 1701, "f": 1748, "j": null, "on": "コン", "kun": "たましい、たま", "m": "soul; spirit", "pm": "soul", "r": [{"c": "云", "nj": "ウン", "ne": "say"}, {"c": "鬼", "nj": "おに", "ne": "demon"}], "hc": "rising cloud; two; elbow; wall; ghost; oni; drop; brains; rice field; human legs; elbow", "hk": "soul", "hs": "Rising cloud of . . . ghosts.", "ks": "When we die, our <b>soul</b> rises up in a <i>ghost</i> like <i>rising cloud</i> of mist up to heaven (we hope) (Adapted from darg_sama,28-10-2005).", "v": [{"w": "魂", "rd": "たましい", "mn": "soul; spirit; mind", "fr": 1619}, {"w": "魂胆", "rd": "こんたん", "mn": "ulterior motive; plot; scheme", "fr": 9792}, {"w": "商魂", "rd": "しょうこん", "mn": "commercial spirit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鎮魂", "rd": "ちんこん", "mn": "repose of a soul", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "枯", "g": 8, "o": 1702, "f": 1749, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "か.れる、か.らす", "m": "wither; die; dry up; be seasoned", "pm": "wither", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "古", "nj": "コ", "ne": "old"}], "hc": "tree; wood; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "wither", "hs": "What makes a <i>tree</i> begin to <b>wither</b> up, and perhaps even die, is a kind of arteriosclerosis that keeps its sap from flowing freely. Usually this is due to simple <i>old age</i> , as this character shows us. Be sure to picture a wrinkled <i>old tree</i> , <b>withering</b> away in a retirement center so that the commonsense explanation does not take over.", "ks": "A tree <b>wither</b> s away as it gets old.", "v": [{"w": "枯れる", "rd": "かれる", "mn": "to wither (of a plant); to be blasted; to die", "fr": 5748}, {"w": "枯渇", "rd": "こかつ", "mn": "drying up; running dry", "fr": 20993}, {"w": "木枯らし", "rd": "こがらし", "mn": "cold wintry wind", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "枯れ木", "rd": "かれき", "mn": "dead tree; withered tree", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "枯死", "rd": "こし", "mn": "withering; dying", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "枯葉", "rd": "かれは", "mn": "dead leaf; dry leaves", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "栄枯", "rd": "えいこ", "mn": "vicissitudes; ups and downs", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "弊", "g": 8, "o": 1703, "f": 1750, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ", "kun": "", "m": "abuse; evil; vice; breakage", "pm": "abuse", "r": [{"c": "敝", "nj": "ヘイ", "ne": "be worn-out"}, {"c": "廾", "nj": "にじゅうあし", "ne": "folded hands"}], "hc": "shredder; small; little; belt; taskmaster; two hands", "hk": "abuse", "hs": "Shredder . . . two hands.", "ks": "Shredder is abusing Bebop and Rocksteady by bitch-slapping them with both his hands.", "v": [{"w": "疲弊", "rd": "ひへい", "mn": "exhaustion; fatigue", "fr": 10833}, {"w": "弊社", "rd": "へいしゃ", "mn": "our company; our firm", "fr": 19551}, {"w": "弊害", "rd": "へいがい", "mn": "harmful effect; harmful influence; evil practice; abuse; malady", "fr": 20386}], "p": null}, {"k": "妃", "g": 8, "o": 1704, "f": 1752, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "きさき", "m": "queen; princess", "pm": "queen", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "己", "nj": "おのれ", "ne": "self"}], "hc": "woman; snake; self", "hk": "queen", "hs": "Woman . . . snake.", "ks": "Cleopatra.", "v": [{"w": "妃", "rd": "ひ", "mn": "princess; consort", "fr": 20934}, {"w": "王妃", "rd": "おうひ", "mn": "queen (consort); empress (consort)", "fr": 22004}, {"w": "妃殿下", "rd": "ひでんか", "mn": "princess; Her Royal Highness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "皇太子妃", "rd": "こうたいしひ", "mn": "crown princess", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "舶", "g": 8, "o": 1705, "f": 1753, "j": null, "on": "ハク", "kun": "", "m": "liner; ship", "pm": "liner", "r": [{"c": "舟", "nj": "ふね", "ne": "ship"}, {"c": "白", "nj": "しろ", "ne": "white"}], "hc": "boat; white; dove", "hk": "liner", "hs": "The type of <i>boat</i> connoted by this key word is a large oceangoing <b>liner</b>. The important thing here is to work with the elements <i>boat</i> and <i>dove</i> to make an image distinct from that of the former frame. Don't count on size alone to distinguish the <i>boat</i> from the <b>liner</b>.", "ks": "Cruise Liner s are huge boats that always seem to be white.", "v": [{"w": "船舶", "rd": "せんぱく", "mn": "vessel; ship; shipping; seacraft", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "舶来", "rd": "はくらい", "mn": "imported; foreign-made", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "餓", "g": 8, "o": 1706, "f": 1754, "j": null, "on": "ガ", "kun": "う.える", "m": "starve; hungry; thirst", "pm": "starve", "r": [{"c": "飠", "nj": "しょくへん", "ne": "food"}, {"c": "我", "nj": "ガ", "ne": "ego"}], "hc": "eat; food; umbrella; good; halo; drop; silver; ego; hand; fiesta", "hk": "starve", "hs": "Food . . . ego.", "ks": "He starve s for FOOD but his EGO won't let him beg.", "v": [{"w": "餓死", "rd": "がし", "mn": "(death from) starvation; starving to death", "fr": 20677}, {"w": "飢餓", "rd": "きが", "mn": "starvation; famine; hunger", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "腎", "g": 8, "o": 1707, "f": 1755, "j": null, "on": "ジン", "kun": "", "m": "kidney", "pm": "kidney", "r": [{"c": "臣", "nj": "しん", "ne": "retainer"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "loincloth; retainer; slave; crotch; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "kidney", "hs": "Slave . . . crotch . . . flesh.", "ks": "If you have a weak <b>KIDNEY</b> , you'll become a SLAVE to your CROTCH's need to pee. Oh well, it's just a weakness of the FLESH.", "v": [{"w": "腎臓", "rd": "じんぞう", "mn": "kidney", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "窮", "g": 8, "o": 1708, "f": 1756, "j": null, "on": "キュウ、キョウ", "kun": "きわ.める、きわ.まる、きわ.まり、きわ.み", "m": "hard up; destitute; suffer; perplexed; cornered", "pm": "hard up", "r": [{"c": "穴", "nj": "あな", "ne": "hole"}, {"c": "躬", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "body"}], "hc": "hole; house; human legs; somebody; nose; bow", "hk": "hard up", "hs": "Hole . . . somebody . . . bow.", "ks": "<b>Hard up</b> = nothing but your body, living in a hole, with just a bow to hunt for your food.", "v": [{"w": "窮屈", "rd": "きゅうくつ", "mn": "narrow; tight; cramped", "fr": 6235}, {"w": "窮地", "rd": "きゅうち", "mn": "dilemma; predicament", "fr": 9114}, {"w": "窮乏", "rd": "きゅうぼう", "mn": "poverty; destitution; privation; indigence; penury", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "困窮", "rd": "こんきゅう", "mn": "poverty; need; destitution", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "窮状", "rd": "きゅうじょう", "mn": "distress; wretched condition", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "掌", "g": 8, "o": 1709, "f": 1757, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "てのひら、たなごころ", "m": "palm of hand; rule; administer; conduct", "pm": "palm of hand", "r": [{"c": "尚", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "esteem"}, {"c": "手", "nj": "て", "ne": "hand"}], "hc": "outhouse; small; little; crown; mouth; hand", "hk": "manipulate", "hs": "Outhouse . . . hand.", "ks": "If you're going to <b>manipulate</b> your body with your <i>hand</i> , then go do it in an <i>outhouse</i> , at least!", "v": [{"w": "掌", "rd": "てのひら", "mn": "palm (of the hand)", "fr": 8962}, {"w": "掌握", "rd": "しょうあく", "mn": "grasping; seizing; holding; commanding; having control over", "fr": 11595}, {"w": "車掌", "rd": "しゃしょう", "mn": "(train) conductor", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "合掌", "rd": "がっしょう", "mn": "pressing one's hands together in prayer", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "掌中", "rd": "しょうちゅう", "mn": "in the hand; (something) easily manipulated", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "麗", "g": 8, "o": 1710, "f": 1758, "j": null, "on": "レイ", "kun": "うるわ.しい、うら.らか", "m": "lovely; beautiful; graceful; resplendent", "pm": "lovely", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "鹿", "nj": "しか", "ne": "deer"}], "hc": "one; ceiling; mediocre; deer; cave; antlers; compare", "hk": "lovely", "hs": "The painting of a <i>deer</i> itself with its form and color is enough to fill the bill for an image of something <b>lovely</b>. But to give a bit of contrast, we see two <i>mediocre</i> drawings from a later age on two patches of <i>ceiling</i> above. Note that the drop in <i>mediocre</i> has been lengthened somewhat and the second stroke drawn down straight.", "ks": "The deer painting is so lovely , when compared to the two mediocre paintings on two sections of ceiling above.", "v": [{"w": "綺麗", "rd": "きれい", "mn": "pretty; lovely; beautiful; fair", "fr": 2918}, {"w": "華麗", "rd": "かれい", "mn": "splendid; magnificent; gorgeous", "fr": 7529}, {"w": "美辞麗句", "rd": "びじれいく", "mn": "flowery words; rhetorical flourishes", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "高麗", "rd": "こうらい", "mn": "Goryeo (dynasty of Korea; 918-1392 CE); Koryŏ", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "臭", "g": 8, "o": 1711, "f": 1760, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "くさ.い、-くさ.い、にお.う、にお.い", "m": "stinking; ill-smelling; suspicious looking; odor; savor; fragrance; be fragrant; stink; glow; be bright", "pm": "stinking", "r": [{"c": "自", "nj": "みずから", "ne": "self"}, {"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}], "hc": "nose; drop; eye; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "stinking", "hs": "This character is a bit friendlier to the animal world. Our friend the <i>St. Bernard</i> is alive and well, its <i>nose</i> in the air sniffing suspiciously after something <b>stinking</b> somewhere or other.", "ks": "When I is big , Ego stinking.", "v": [{"w": "臭い", "rd": "くさい", "mn": "stinking; smelly", "fr": 3013}, {"w": "面倒臭い", "rd": "めんどうくさい", "mn": "bothersome; tiresome; bother to do", "fr": 13921}, {"w": "臭う", "rd": "におう", "mn": "to be fragrant; to smell (good)", "fr": 14654}, {"w": "生臭い", "rd": "なまぐさい", "mn": "smelling of fish; fishy; smelling of blood; bloody", "fr": 15465}, {"w": "悪臭", "rd": "あくしゅう", "mn": "bad smell; foul smell; offensive odor; stench; stink", "fr": 22572}, {"w": "水臭い", "rd": "みずくさい", "mn": "stand-offish; distant; not frank; reserved", "fr": 23469}, {"w": "古臭い", "rd": "ふるくさい", "mn": "stale; old fashioned; hackneyed; trite; antiquated; obsolete; musty; outdated", "fr": 24183}, {"w": "臭気", "rd": "しゅうき", "mn": "bad smell; stink", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "釜", "g": 8, "o": 1712, "f": 1761, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "かま", "m": "kettle; cauldron; iron pot", "pm": "kettle", "r": [{"c": "父", "nj": "ちち", "ne": "father"}, {"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}], "hc": "father; metal; gold", "hk": "cauldron", "hs": "<i>Father</i> . . . <i>metal</i>. Note the stroke overlap between <i>father</i> and <i>metal</i>.", "ks": "Your <i>father</i> uses his legs to stop himself from being put in a <i>metal</i> <b>cauldron</b>.", "v": [{"w": "釜", "rd": "かま", "mn": "iron pot; kettle", "fr": 19796}], "p": null}, {"k": "悦", "g": 8, "o": 1713, "f": 1762, "j": null, "on": "エツ", "kun": "よろこ.ぶ、よろこ.ばす", "m": "ecstasy; joy; rapture", "pm": "ecstasy", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "兌", "nj": "ダ", "ne": "exchange"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; devil; horns; elder brother; teenager; mouth; human legs", "hk": "ecstasy", "hs": "State of mind . . . devil.", "ks": "<b>ECSTASY</b> alters our STATE OF MIND and makes us DEVILS.", "v": [{"w": "満悦", "rd": "まんえつ", "mn": "great delight; great satisfaction; rapture", "fr": 19829}], "p": null}, {"k": "刃", "g": 8, "o": 1714, "f": 1763, "j": null, "on": "ジン、ニン", "kun": "は、やいば、き.る", "m": "blade; sword; edge", "pm": "blade", "r": [{"c": "刀", "nj": "かたな", "ne": "knife"}, {"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "drop; sword; dagger", "hk": "blade", "hs": "Think of using a <i>dagger</i> as a razor <b>blade</b> , and it shouldn't be hard to imagine cutting yourself. See the little <i>drop of</i> blood clinging to the <b>blade</b>?", "ks": "A drop of blood on the blade of my sword.", "v": [{"w": "刃", "rd": "は", "mn": "edge (of a knife or sword); blade", "fr": 3806}, {"w": "刃物", "rd": "はもの", "mn": "edged tool; cutting instrument; knife", "fr": 5898}, {"w": "刃先", "rd": "はさき", "mn": "edge of blade", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "刃渡り", "rd": "はわたり", "mn": "length of a blade", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "縛", "g": 8, "o": 1715, "f": 1764, "j": null, "on": "バク", "kun": "しば.る", "m": "truss; arrest; bind; tie; restrain", "pm": "truss", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "尃", "nj": "フ", "ne": "to state to"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; acupuncturist; specialty; drop; ten; needle; rice field; brains; glue", "hk": "truss", "hs": "Threads . . . acupuncturist.", "ks": "Because people are so afraid of the procedure, string has to be used by the acunpunturist to truss up his victims, er, patients.", "v": [{"w": "縛る", "rd": "しばる", "mn": "to tie; to bind; to fasten", "fr": 2409}, {"w": "束縛", "rd": "そくばく", "mn": "restraint; restriction; fetters; yoke; shackles", "fr": 11642}, {"w": "金縛り", "rd": "かなしばり", "mn": "binding hand and foot", "fr": 19255}, {"w": "縛り首", "rd": "しばりくび", "mn": "(death by) hanging", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "暦", "g": 8, "o": 1716, "f": 1765, "j": null, "on": "レキ、リャク", "kun": "こよみ", "m": "calendar; almanac", "pm": "calendar", "r": [{"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "林", "nj": "リン", "ne": "grove"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "cliff; grove; tree; wood; sun; day", "hk": "calendar", "hs": "Look at this character in reverse order, from bottom up. First we see the primitive for <i>days</i> , an appropriate enough way to begin a <b>calendar</b>. Next we see a <i>grove of trees</i> growing under a <i>cliff</i>. The laws of nature being what they are, the <i>trees</i> would be stunted under such conditions, unless they were strong enough to keep growing upwards until they passed through the layers of rock and soil, right up to the surface. Now imagine that in those little boxes marking off the <i>days</i> on your wall <b>calendar</b> , you see that very process taking place step by step: 365 or so time-lapse pictures of that <i>grove of trees</i> each month, from January under the <i>cliff</i> to December on top of the <i>cliff</i>. The story is not as complex as it sounds, particularly if you happen to have a <b>calendar</b> nearby and can flip through it with this image in mind.", "ks": "You can use a calendar to count the number of DAYs it takes to grow two TREES under a CLIFF.", "v": [{"w": "暦", "rd": "こよみ", "mn": "calendar; almanac", "fr": 17382}, {"w": "西暦", "rd": "せいれき", "mn": "Common Era; CE; Christian Era; anno domini; AD", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "還暦", "rd": "かんれき", "mn": "kanreki", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "旧暦", "rd": "きゅうれき", "mn": "Japan's old (lunisolar) calendar", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "宜", "g": 8, "o": 1717, "f": 1766, "j": null, "on": "ギ", "kun": "よろ.しい、よろ.しく", "m": "best regards; good", "pm": "best regards", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "且", "nj": "ショ", "ne": "moreover"}], "hc": "house; shelf; my bookshelves", "hk": "best regards", "hs": "This kanji, a polite way of expressing one's <b>best regards</b> to another. Its elements: <i>house</i> . . . <i>shelf</i>.", "ks": "The shelf your dad made for my house was fantastic. Give my best regards to him.", "v": [{"w": "宜しく", "rd": "よろしく", "mn": "well; properly; suitably", "fr": 454}, {"w": "宜しい", "rd": "よろしい", "mn": "good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do; may; can", "fr": 24466}, {"w": "便宜", "rd": "べんぎ", "mn": "convenience; accommodation; advantage; benefit; expediency", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "適宜", "rd": "てきぎ", "mn": "suitable; appropriate; fitting; proper", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "時宜", "rd": "じぎ", "mn": "right time; appropriate time; season's greetings", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "盲", "g": 8, "o": 1718, "f": 1767, "j": null, "on": "モウ", "kun": "めくら", "m": "blind; blind man; ignoramus", "pm": "blind", "r": [{"c": "亡", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "deceased"}, {"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}], "hc": "deceased; perish; top hat; fishhook; eye", "hk": "blind", "hs": "If one's <i>eyes perish</i> before death, one remains <b>blind</b> for the rest of life.", "ks": "Deceased eyes! Easy ,).", "v": [{"w": "盲点", "rd": "もうてん", "mn": "blind spot (on the retina)", "fr": 15652}, {"w": "盲目", "rd": "もうもく", "mn": "blindness", "fr": 23594}, {"w": "盲", "rd": "めくら", "mn": "blindness; blind person", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盲人", "rd": "もうじん", "mn": "blind person", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盲学校", "rd": "もうがっこう", "mn": "school for the blind", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盲導犬", "rd": "もうどうけん", "mn": "guide dog; seeing-eye dog", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "盲腸", "rd": "もうちょう", "mn": "cecum; caecum; blind gut", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "粋", "g": 8, "o": 1719, "f": 1768, "j": null, "on": "スイ", "kun": "いき", "m": "chic; style; purity; essence; pith; cream; elite; choice", "pm": "chic", "r": [{"c": "米", "nj": "こめ", "ne": "rice"}, {"c": "卆", "nj": "ソツ", "ne": "soldier"}], "hc": "rice; ninety; nine; baseball; ten; needle", "hk": "chic", "hs": "<i>Rice</i> . . . <i>game of cricket</i>. (See frame 121.)", "ks": "In extremely <b>chic</b> restaurants, you have to pay 90 bucks for a bowl of rice.", "v": [{"w": "純粋", "rd": "じゅんすい", "mn": "pure; true; genuine; unmixed", "fr": 2271}, {"w": "粋", "rd": "いき", "mn": "chic; smart; stylish; tasteful; refined; sophisticated", "fr": 9589}, {"w": "抜粋", "rd": "ばっすい", "mn": "extract; excerpt; selection", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "辱", "g": 8, "o": 1720, "f": 1769, "j": null, "on": "ジョク", "kun": "はずかし.める", "m": "embarrass; humiliate; shame", "pm": "embarrass", "r": [{"c": "辰", "nj": "しんのたつ", "ne": "Fifth zodiac sign"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "sign of the dragon; cliff; two; hairpin; safety-pin; glue", "hk": "embarrass", "hs": "Sign of the dragon . . . glue.", "ks": "Bruce Lee is embarrass ed when he does a high kick and splits his pants. He has to glue them back together.", "v": [{"w": "屈辱", "rd": "くつじょく", "mn": "disgrace; humiliation", "fr": 5735}, {"w": "侮辱", "rd": "ぶじょく", "mn": "insult; affront; slight; contempt (e.g. of court)", "fr": 6712}, {"w": "恥辱", "rd": "ちじょく", "mn": "disgrace; shame; insult", "fr": 18742}, {"w": "雪辱", "rd": "せつじょく", "mn": "vindication of honour; vindication of honor; making up for loss; revenge", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "轄", "g": 8, "o": 1721, "f": 1771, "j": null, "on": "カツ", "kun": "くさび", "m": "control; wedge", "pm": "control", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "害", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "harm"}], "hc": "car; harm; mansion; house; grow up; mouth", "hk": "control", "hs": "<i>Car</i> . . . <i>harm</i>. Hint: the image of an auto going  \"out of <b>control</b> \" may help keep this key word distinct from others like it, such as <i>manipulate</i> (Frame 864).", "ks": "If you lose control of your car, you may come to great harm.", "v": [{"w": "管轄", "rd": "かんかつ", "mn": "jurisdiction; control", "fr": 12837}, {"w": "所轄", "rd": "しょかつ", "mn": "jurisdiction", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "直轄", "rd": "ちょっかつ", "mn": "direct control; direct supervision", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "猿", "g": 8, "o": 1722, "f": 1772, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "さる", "m": "monkey", "pm": "monkey", "r": [{"c": "犭", "nj": "けものへん", "ne": "beast"}, {"c": "袁", "nj": "エン", "ne": "long kimono"}], "hc": "pack of wild dogs; earthenware jar; lidded crock; soil; dirt; ground; mouth; scarf", "hk": "monkey", "hs": "This clever little <b>monkey</b> has captured an entire pack of <i>wild dogs</i> , locked them inside a <i>lidded crock</i> , and wrapped the whole thing up in a silk <i>scarf</i> to present to the dogcatcher.", "ks": "To catch a monkey , chase him with wild dogs into a lidded crock , then tie it with a scarf.", "v": [{"w": "猿", "rd": "さる", "mn": "monkey (esp. the Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata); ape; non-human primate", "fr": 6430}, {"w": "犬猿の仲", "rd": "けんえんのなか", "mn": "like cats and dogs; (on) very bad terms", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "類人猿", "rd": "るいじんえん", "mn": "anthropoid ape; anthropoid; ape", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "弦", "g": 8, "o": 1723, "f": 1773, "j": null, "on": "ゲン", "kun": "つる", "m": "bowstring; chord; hypotenuse", "pm": "bowstring", "r": [{"c": "弓", "nj": "ゆみ", "ne": "bow （in archery）"}, {"c": "玄", "nj": "げん", "ne": "darkness"}], "hc": "bow; mysterious; top hat; cocoon", "hk": "bowstring", "hs": "Bow . . . mysterious.", "ks": "A bow with a mysterious invisible bowstring.", "v": [{"w": "弦", "rd": "つる", "mn": "bowstring", "fr": 16688}, {"w": "弦楽", "rd": "げんがく", "mn": "music for strings; string music", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弦楽器", "rd": "げんがっき", "mn": "string instrument; stringed instrument", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "管弦楽", "rd": "かんげんがく", "mn": "orchestral music", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "管弦楽団", "rd": "かんげんがくだん", "mn": "orchestra", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "窒", "g": 8, "o": 1724, "f": 1776, "j": null, "on": "チツ", "kun": "", "m": "plug up; obstruct", "pm": "plug up", "r": [{"c": "穴", "nj": "あな", "ne": "hole"}, {"c": "至", "nj": "いたる", "ne": "to arrive"}], "hc": "hole; house; human legs; climax; wall; one; ceiling; elbow; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "plug up", "hs": "Hole . . . climax.", "ks": "Sticking a <b>plug up</b> your hole will lead to stronger climaxes.", "v": [{"w": "窒息", "rd": "ちっそく", "mn": "suffocation; choking; asphyxia", "fr": 12881}, {"w": "窒素", "rd": "ちっそ", "mn": "nitrogen (N)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "炊", "g": 8, "o": 1725, "f": 1777, "j": null, "on": "スイ", "kun": "た.く、-だ.き", "m": "cook; boil", "pm": "cook", "r": [{"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}, {"c": "欠", "nj": "あくび", "ne": "to lack"}], "hc": "fire; lack; yawn", "hk": "cook", "hs": "Better to picture what happens when you do not pay attention to your work in the kitchen. Here we see a blazing <i>fire</i> and an inattentive, <i>yawning</i> <b>cook</b> who let things get out of control.", "ks": "Japanese <b>cook</b> ing sometimes <i>lacks</i> <i>fire</i> , e.g., sashimi.", "v": [{"w": "炊く", "rd": "たく", "mn": "to cook (grains, e.g. rice)", "fr": 11994}, {"w": "自炊", "rd": "じすい", "mn": "cooking for oneself; cooking one's own food; doing one's own cooking; making foo", "fr": 19521}, {"w": "炊事", "rd": "すいじ", "mn": "cooking; kitchen work", "fr": 24368}, {"w": "炊き出し", "rd": "たきだし", "mn": "food distribution (esp. cooked rice)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "炊飯器", "rd": "すいはんき", "mn": "rice cooker", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雑炊", "rd": "ぞうすい", "mn": "rice gruel containing vegetables, fish, etc., and seasoned with miso or soy sauc", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "洪", "g": 8, "o": 1726, "f": 1778, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "", "m": "deluge; flood; vast", "pm": "deluge", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "共", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "together"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; strung together; salad; animal legs; eight", "hk": "deluge", "hs": "Water . . . strung together.", "ks": "<i>Water</i> plus <i>Noah's Ark</i> equals <b>deluge</b>.", "v": [{"w": "洪水", "rd": "こうずい", "mn": "flood; flooding", "fr": 14219}], "p": null}, {"k": "摂", "g": 8, "o": 1727, "f": 1779, "j": null, "on": "セツ、ショウ", "kun": "おさ.める、かね.る、と.る", "m": "vicarious; surrogate; act in addition to; take in; absorb", "pm": "vicarious", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "耳", "nj": "みみ", "ne": "ear"}, {"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; ear; sparkler", "hk": "vicarious", "hs": "<i>Fingers</i> . . . <i>ear</i> . . . <i>sparkler</i>. Do not confuse with <i>substitute</i> (Frame 1080).", "ks": "Now that I'm a responsible adult, I have to get my <b>vicarious</b> thrills from watching stupid people put <i>sparklers</i> up to their <i>ears</i> and burn their <i>fingers</i>.", "v": [{"w": "摂取", "rd": "せっしゅ", "mn": "intake (e.g. of salt); ingestion", "fr": 10615}, {"w": "摂る", "rd": "とる", "mn": "to have (e.g. lunch); to take (e.g. vitamins)", "fr": 14084}, {"w": "摂理", "rd": "せつり", "mn": "laws (of nature)", "fr": 17266}, {"w": "摂氏", "rd": "せっし", "mn": "Celsius; centigrade", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "飽", "g": 8, "o": 1728, "f": 1780, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "あ.きる、あ.かす、あ.く", "m": "sated; tired of; bored; satiate", "pm": "sated", "r": [{"c": "飠", "nj": "しょくへん", "ne": "food"}, {"c": "包", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "wrap"}], "hc": "eat; food; umbrella; good; halo; drop; silver; wrap; bound up; snake; self", "hk": "sated", "hs": "Eat . . . wrap.", "ks": "My gluttony was only <b>sated</b> after I ate the <i>hamburger</i> AND the <i>wrapper</i>!", "v": [{"w": "飽きる", "rd": "あきる", "mn": "to get tired of; to tire of; to lose interest in; to grow weary of; to get fed u", "fr": 2148}, {"w": "飽和", "rd": "ほうわ", "mn": "saturation; satiation", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "飽き", "rd": "あき", "mn": "weariness; boredom; tedium; tiresomeness", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "飽食", "rd": "ほうしょく", "mn": "eating until one is full; eating one's fill; gorging (on); satiation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "冗", "g": 8, "o": 1729, "f": 1782, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ", "kun": "", "m": "superfluous; uselessness", "pm": "superfluous", "r": [{"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "几", "nj": "きにょう", "ne": "table"}], "hc": "crown; weathercock; wind", "hk": "superfluous", "hs": "Picture a <i>weather vane</i> beneath a regal <i>crown</i> , spinning round and round. It is not only <b>superfluous</b> but makes a perfect ass out of the one who wears it.", "ks": "The king's crown was blown off by the wind. \"Oh well,\" he said, \"it's just a <b>superfluous</b> symbol.\".", "v": [{"w": "冗談", "rd": "じょうだん", "mn": "joke; jest; funny story", "fr": 644}], "p": null}, {"k": "涼", "g": 8, "o": 1730, "f": 1783, "j": null, "on": "リョウ", "kun": "すず.しい、すず.む、すず.やか、うす.い、ひや.す、まことに", "m": "refreshing; nice and cool", "pm": "refreshing", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "京", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "capital"}], "hc": "water droplets; water pistol capital; tall; top hat; mouth; small; little", "hk": "refreshing", "hs": "Since few things are as <b>refreshing</b> on a warm day as a cool shower (the <i>water</i> ), here we picture an entire <i>capital</i> city treating itself to one, and in full view of everyone.", "ks": "The water from the capital of Japan, Tokyo, is so refreshing!", "v": [{"w": "涼しい", "rd": "すずしい", "mn": "cool; refreshing", "fr": 5463}, {"w": "涼む", "rd": "すずむ", "mn": "to cool oneself; to cool off; to enjoy the cool air", "fr": 23509}, {"w": "涼風", "rd": "りょうふう", "mn": "cool breeze; refreshing breeze", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "清涼", "rd": "せいりょう", "mn": "cool; refreshing", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "桃", "g": 8, "o": 1731, "f": 1784, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "もも", "m": "peach", "pm": "peach", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "兆", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "portent"}], "hc": "tree; wood; portent; turtle", "hk": "peach tree", "hs": "To associate the <b>peach tree</b> with the primitive for a <i>portent</i> , recall the famous Japanese legend of Momotarō, the <b>Peach</b> Boy. It begins once upon a time with a fisherman and his wife who wanted badly to have a child, but none was born to them. Then one day the old man caught a giant <b>peach</b> , out of which jumped a healthy young lad whom they named <b>Peach</b> Boy. Though the boy was destined to perform heroic deeds, his birth also <i>portended</i> great misfortune (how else could he become a hero?). Thus the <i>tree</i> that is associated with a <i>portent</i> of coming evil comes to be the <b>peach tree</b>.", "ks": "The pits of a <b>peach tree</b> look like <i>turtles</i>.", "v": [{"w": "桃", "rd": "もも", "mn": "peach (Prunus persica)", "fr": 8842}, {"w": "桃色", "rd": "ももいろ", "mn": "pink (colour, color); peach", "fr": 12771}, {"w": "胡桃", "rd": "くるみ", "mn": "walnut (Juglans spp., esp. Juglans regia)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "狩", "g": 8, "o": 1732, "f": 1785, "j": null, "on": "シュ", "kun": "か.る、か.り、-が.り", "m": "hunt; raid; gather", "pm": "hunt", "r": [{"c": "犭", "nj": "けものへん", "ne": "beast"}, {"c": "守", "nj": "シュ", "ne": "guard"}], "hc": "pack of wild dogs; guard; house; glue", "hk": "hunt", "hs": "One of the worst problems you have to face when you go <b>hunting</b> is to <i>guard</i> your take from the <i>wild dogs</i>. If you imagine yourself failing at the task, you will probably have a stronger image than if you try to picture yourself succeeding.", "ks": "Actually when <b>hunting</b> it may be a good idea to use a <i>pack of dogs</i> as your personal <i>guard</i>.", "v": [{"w": "狩り", "rd": "かり", "mn": "hunting; hunt; shooting", "fr": 5346}, {"w": "狩人", "rd": "かりゅうど", "mn": "hunter", "fr": 19037}, {"w": "狩猟", "rd": "しゅりょう", "mn": "hunting", "fr": 19869}, {"w": "狩場", "rd": "かりば", "mn": "hunting ground; hunting preserve", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "舟", "g": 8, "o": 1733, "f": 1786, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "ふね、ふな-、-ぶね", "m": "boat; ship", "pm": "boat", "r": [{"c": "舟", "nj": "ふね", "ne": "ship"}], "hc": "", "hk": "boat", "hs": "After the <i>drop</i> and the <i>glass canopy</i> , we come to a combination of three strokes that we met only once before, in the character for <i>mama</i> (frame 105). The pictographic meaning we gave it there has no etymological relationship to this character, but use it if it helps.", "ks": "Cinnabar ( 丹 ) colored boat , the extra drop signifying that the paint hasn't dried yet. The stick represents the oars.", "v": [{"w": "呉越同舟", "rd": "ごえつどうしゅう", "mn": "bitter enemies in the same boat; rivals finding themselves together by chance; s", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "小舟", "rd": "こぶね", "mn": "small boat", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "舟艇", "rd": "しゅうてい", "mn": "boat; watercraft", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "朱", "g": 8, "o": 1734, "f": 1788, "j": null, "on": "シュ", "kun": "あけ", "m": "vermilion; cinnabar; scarlet; red; bloody", "pm": "vermilion", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "未", "nj": "ミ", "ne": "un-"}], "hc": "vermillion; drop; not yet; one; tree; wood", "hk": "vermilion", "hs": "That red-orange color we call <b>vermilion</b> is found in nature during the fall when the leaves lose their sugar and begin to change color. This kanji depicts the very last leaf on a tree in the fall (the <i>drop</i> hung in the first stroke), the leaf that has <i>not yet</i> fallen as it one day must. Look at its color - vermilion. (Well, not really. The truth is, <b>vermilion</b> is made from a mercuric sulfide, but I'm sure you will agree that autumn leaves area lot easier to work with.)", "ks": "It's autumn: only one <b>vermilion</b> leaf on the tree has <i>not yet</i> fallen.", "v": [{"w": "朱", "rd": "あけ", "mn": "red; vermilion; cinnabar; scarlet", "fr": 12810}, {"w": "朱印", "rd": "しゅいん", "mn": "red seal", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "渦", "g": 8, "o": 1735, "f": 1789, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "うず", "m": "whirlpool; eddy; vortex", "pm": "whirlpool", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "咼", "nj": "カイ", "ne": "crooked mouth"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; jawbone; joint; hood; mouth", "hk": "whirlpool", "hs": "Water . . . jawbone.", "ks": "A whirlpool is water opening its jaws to swallow anything whole.", "v": [{"w": "渦", "rd": "うず", "mn": "whirlpool; swirl; eddy; vortex; maelstrom", "fr": 6513}, {"w": "渦中", "rd": "かちゅう", "mn": "vortex; maelstrom; whirlpool", "fr": 18922}, {"w": "渦巻き", "rd": "うずまき", "mn": "whirlpool; maelstrom; vortex; eddy; swirl", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "紳", "g": 8, "o": 1736, "f": 1790, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "", "m": "sire; good belt; gentleman", "pm": "sire", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "申", "nj": "シン", "ne": "have the honor to"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; monkey; sun; day; stick", "hk": "sire", "hs": "Thread . . . monkey.", "ks": "You are now two-thirds of the way through the book! Keep it up!", "v": [{"w": "紳士", "rd": "しんし", "mn": "gentleman", "fr": 7430}, {"w": "紳士協定", "rd": "しんしきょうてい", "mn": "gentlemen's agreement", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "枢", "g": 8, "o": 1737, "f": 1791, "j": null, "on": "スウ、シュ", "kun": "とぼそ、からくり", "m": "hinge; pivot; door; center of things", "pm": "hinge", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "区", "nj": "ク", "ne": "ward"}], "hc": "tree; wood; ward; box; sheaf", "hk": "hinge", "hs": "Tree . . . ward.", "ks": "The <b>hinge</b> on <i>Wolverine's</i> <i>cardboard box</i> is made of wood because he doesn't have enough budget to buy metal <b>hinge</b> s.", "v": [{"w": "中枢", "rd": "ちゅうすう", "mn": "centre; center; pivot; mainstay; nucleus; hub; backbone; central figure; pillar;", "fr": 11973}, {"w": "枢軸", "rd": "すうじく", "mn": "axle; pivot", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "碑", "g": 8, "o": 1738, "f": 1792, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "いしぶみ", "m": "tombstone; monument", "pm": "tombstone", "r": [{"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}, {"c": "卑", "nj": "ヒ", "ne": "lowly"}], "hc": "stone; rock; lowly; Wayne Slob; drop; rice field; brains; cornucopia; ten; needle", "hk": "tombstone", "hs": "Rock . . . lowly.", "ks": "A STONE makes a LOWLY TOMBSTONE.", "v": [{"w": "碑", "rd": "いしぶみ", "mn": "stone monument bearing an inscription (esp. memorial for future generations); st", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "石碑", "rd": "せきひ", "mn": "stone monument", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "碑文", "rd": "ひぶん", "mn": "inscription; epitaph; epigraph", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "記念碑", "rd": "きねんひ", "mn": "commemorative plaque (usu. on a stone); stone monument (bearing an inscription)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鍛", "g": 8, "o": 1739, "f": 1793, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "きた.える", "m": "forge; discipline; train", "pm": "forge", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "段", "nj": "ダン", "ne": "grade"}], "hc": "metal; gold; grade; staple gun; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "forge", "hs": "Metal . . . grade.", "ks": "Metal is graded depending on how it was forged.", "v": [{"w": "鍛える", "rd": "きたえる", "mn": "to forge; to temper", "fr": 2764}, {"w": "鍛錬", "rd": "たんれん", "mn": "tempering (metal); annealing; forging", "fr": 10081}], "p": null}, {"k": "鼓", "g": 8, "o": 1740, "f": 1795, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "つづみ", "m": "drum; beat; rouse; muster", "pm": "drum", "r": [{"c": "壴", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "支", "nj": "しにょう", "ne": "branch"}], "hc": "samurai; beans; table; one; mouth; branch; ten; needle; crotch", "hk": "drum", "hs": "The full kanji for the <i>drum</i> adds a <i>branch</i> , apparently to serve as a <b>drum</b> stick, to the primitive for <i>drum</i>.", "ks": "Mr. Bean tries to play drum s with 10 different branches he found on the ground.", "v": [{"w": "鼓動", "rd": "こどう", "mn": "beat; palpitation; pulsation; throbbing", "fr": 4293}, {"w": "鼓膜", "rd": "こまく", "mn": "eardrum; tympanic membrane", "fr": 11678}, {"w": "太鼓", "rd": "たいこ", "mn": "drum", "fr": 15434}, {"w": "鼓舞", "rd": "こぶ", "mn": "encouragement; inspiration; rousing; stirring up; raising (e.g. morale)", "fr": 16378}, {"w": "鼓", "rd": "つづみ", "mn": "tsuzumi", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "裸", "g": 8, "o": 1741, "f": 1796, "j": null, "on": "ラ", "kun": "はだか", "m": "naked; nude; uncovered; partially clothed", "pm": "naked", "r": [{"c": "衤", "nj": "ころもへん", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "果", "nj": "カ", "ne": "fruit"}], "hc": "cloak; fruit; rice field; brains; tree; wood", "hk": "naked", "hs": "Cloak . . . fruit.", "ks": "Eve was naked until she ate of the fruit and put a cloak on.", "v": [{"w": "裸", "rd": "はだか", "mn": "nakedness; nudity", "fr": 3079}, {"w": "裸足", "rd": "はだし", "mn": "barefoot", "fr": 16773}, {"w": "裸婦", "rd": "らふ", "mn": "nude woman; female nude", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "符", "g": 8, "o": 1742, "f": 1798, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "", "m": "token; sign; mark; tally; charm", "pm": "token", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "付", "nj": "フ", "ne": "adhere"}], "hc": "bamboo; adhere; sellotape; person; glue", "hk": "token", "hs": "Bamboo . . . adhere.", "ks": "I dropped my <b>token</b> down the drain, so I used a piece of <i>bamboo</i> with <i>chewing gum</i> on the end to retrieve it.", "v": [{"w": "切符", "rd": "きっぷ", "mn": "ticket", "fr": 14327}, {"w": "疑問符", "rd": "ぎもんふ", "mn": "question mark", "fr": 20310}, {"w": "符号", "rd": "ふごう", "mn": "sign; mark; symbol; code", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "八分音符", "rd": "はちぶおんぷ", "mn": "8th note; eighth note; quaver", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "六十四分音符", "rd": "ろくじゅうしぶおんぷ", "mn": "64th note; hemidemisemiquaver; semidemisemiquaver", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "符合", "rd": "ふごう", "mn": "agreement; coincidence; correspondence; conformity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "終止符", "rd": "しゅうしふ", "mn": "full stop; period", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "音符", "rd": "おんぷ", "mn": "musical note; note symbol", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "猶", "g": 8, "o": 1743, "f": 1799, "j": null, "on": "ユウ、ユ", "kun": "なお", "m": "furthermore; still; yet", "pm": "furthermore", "r": [{"c": "犭", "nj": "けものへん", "ne": "beast"}, {"c": "酋", "nj": "シュウ", "ne": "chieftain"}], "hc": "furthermore; pack of wild dogs; chieftain; Molotov cocktail; animal horns; whiskey bottle", "hk": "waver", "hs": "Wild dogs . . . animal horns . . . whiskey bottle.", "ks": "The <b>waver</b> for this kanji means to hesitate. I <b>waver</b> ed before going into the bar with a bunch of horned wild dogs drinking whiskey straight out of the bottle.", "v": [{"w": "猶予", "rd": "ゆうよ", "mn": "postponement; deferment; extension (of time)", "fr": 7637}, {"w": "執行猶予", "rd": "しっこうゆうよ", "mn": "stay of execution; suspended sentence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "起訴猶予", "rd": "きそゆうよ", "mn": "suspension of indictment; leaving charge on the file", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "塊", "g": 8, "o": 1744, "f": 1800, "j": null, "on": "カイ、ケ", "kun": "かたまり、つちくれ", "m": "clod; lump; chunk; clot; mass", "pm": "clod", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "鬼", "nj": "おに", "ne": "demon"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; ghost; oni; drop; brains; rice field; human legs; elbow", "hk": "clod", "hs": "Soil . . . ghost.", "ks": "This word somehow reminds me of a golem… an <i>oni</i> made from <i>soil</i>.", "v": [{"w": "塊", "rd": "かたまり", "mn": "lump; mass; bundle; clump; clod; cluster", "fr": 3275}, {"w": "団塊", "rd": "だんかい", "mn": "mass; lump; clod; clump", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "金塊", "rd": "きんかい", "mn": "gold nugget; gold bullion; gold bar; gold ingot", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "旋", "g": 8, "o": 1745, "f": 1801, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "め.ぐる、いばり", "m": "rotation; go around", "pm": "rotation", "r": [{"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}, {"c": "疋", "nj": "ひき", "ne": "bolt of cloth"}], "hc": "banner; direction; compass; direction; reclining; lying down; zoo; critters", "hk": "rotation", "hs": "<i>A banner</i> . . . <i>a zoo</i>. Hint: think of a merry-go-round.", "ks": "A merry-go-round with a big <i>banner</i> on top and below a veritable zoo of bakelite animals on poles in perpertual <b>rotation</b> accompanied by silly music. Giraffes, elephants, zebras, rhinos…", "v": [{"w": "旋回", "rd": "せんかい", "mn": "revolution; rotation; turning; circling; swiveling", "fr": 14601}, {"w": "螺旋", "rd": "らせん", "mn": "spiral; helix", "fr": 18199}, {"w": "旋律", "rd": "せんりつ", "mn": "melody; tune", "fr": 18565}, {"w": "旋風", "rd": "せんぷう", "mn": "whirlwind", "fr": 23381}, {"w": "斡旋", "rd": "あっせん", "mn": "good offices; kind offices; services; influence; recommendation", "fr": 24397}], "p": null}, {"k": "幣", "g": 8, "o": 1746, "f": 1803, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ", "kun": "ぬさ", "m": "cash; bad habit; humble prefix; gift; Shinto offerings of cloth; rope; cut paper", "pm": "cash", "r": [{"c": "敝", "nj": "ヘイ", "ne": "be worn-out"}, {"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}], "hc": "shredder; small; little; belt; taskmaster; towel", "hk": "cash", "hs": "Shredder . . . towel.", "ks": "A counterfeiter is using a <i>shredder</i> to shred a <i>towel</i> in order to print up some <b>cash</b> (he needs some rag paper) .", "v": [{"w": "紙幣", "rd": "しへい", "mn": "paper money; note; bill", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "貨幣", "rd": "かへい", "mn": "money; currency; coin", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "貨幣価値", "rd": "かへいかち", "mn": "currency value", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "膜", "g": 8, "o": 1747, "f": 1804, "j": null, "on": "マク", "kun": "", "m": "membrane", "pm": "membrane", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "莫", "nj": "バク", "ne": "must not"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; graveyard; flowers; sun; day; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "membrane", "hs": "The <i>part of the body</i> first affected by a stroll through a haunted <i>graveyard</i> is the skin, which gets goose bumps. But we save the word  \"skin\" for another kanji, and use the odd word \" <b>membrane</b> \" here. Think of being so scared through and through that the goose flesh moves from the outside in, giving you goose <b>membranes</b>.", "ks": "In the <i>moon</i> light of the <i>graveyard</i> I hear a zombie say, <b>MMMMM..EMM…BRANE</b> sssss.", "v": [{"w": "鼓膜", "rd": "こまく", "mn": "eardrum; tympanic membrane", "fr": 11678}, {"w": "膜", "rd": "まく", "mn": "membrane; film", "fr": 11926}, {"w": "粘膜", "rd": "ねんまく", "mn": "mucous membrane; mucosa", "fr": 11998}, {"w": "網膜", "rd": "もうまく", "mn": "retina", "fr": 22269}, {"w": "角膜", "rd": "かくまく", "mn": "cornea", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "扇", "g": 8, "o": 1748, "f": 1805, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "おうぎ", "m": "fan; folding fan", "pm": "fan", "r": [{"c": "戸", "nj": "コ", "ne": "door"}, {"c": "羽", "nj": "はね", "ne": "feather"}], "hc": "door; one; ceiling; flag; feathers; wings", "hk": "fan", "hs": "Door . . . wings.", "ks": "It's insanely hot today! I'm standing in the <i>doorway</i> , <b>fan</b> ning myself with <i>feathers</i>.", "v": [{"w": "扇", "rd": "おうぎ", "mn": "folding fan", "fr": 20357}, {"w": "扇風機", "rd": "せんぷうき", "mn": "electric fan", "fr": 23165}, {"w": "団扇", "rd": "うちわ", "mn": "uchiwa", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "扇ぐ", "rd": "あおぐ", "mn": "to fan", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "扇子", "rd": "せんす", "mn": "folding fan", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "扇動", "rd": "せんどう", "mn": "incitement; sedition; agitation; abetting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "扇形", "rd": "おうぎがた", "mn": "fan shape", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "換気扇", "rd": "かんきせん", "mn": "ventilation fan; extractor fan", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "脇", "g": 8, "o": 1749, "f": 1806, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "わき、わけ", "m": "armpit; the other way; another place; flank; supporting role", "pm": "armpit", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "劦", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; triceps; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "armpit", "hs": "<i>Part of the body</i> . . . <i>muscles</i> (three of which give us  \" <i>triceps</i> \" or \" <i>muscles</i> on top of <i>muscles</i> \"). You will want to keep the kanji distinct from the one that follows by paying attention to the positioning of the elements.", "ks": "Armpit is the flesh near your tri ceps.", "v": [{"w": "脇", "rd": "わき", "mn": "armpit; under one's arm; side; flank", "fr": 3939}, {"w": "脇役", "rd": "わきやく", "mn": "supporting role (actor); minor role", "fr": 21352}, {"w": "脇見", "rd": "わきみ", "mn": "looking from the side", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "関脇", "rd": "せきわけ", "mn": "wrestler of the third highest rank", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "憎", "g": 8, "o": 1750, "f": 1808, "j": null, "on": "ゾウ", "kun": "にく.む、にく.い、にく.らしい、にく.しみ", "m": "hate; detest", "pm": "hate", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "曽", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "formerly"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; increase; formerly; horns; rice field; brains; sun; day", "hk": "hate", "hs": "State of mind . . . increase.", "ks": "Like the saying goes, <b>Hate</b> just begets <b>Hate</b>. A state of mind that just increases and increases until it explodes.", "v": [{"w": "憎む", "rd": "にくむ", "mn": "to hate; to detest", "fr": 3188}, {"w": "憎い", "rd": "にくい", "mn": "hateful; detestable; abominable; vexing; provoking", "fr": 4340}, {"w": "憎しみ", "rd": "にくしみ", "mn": "hatred", "fr": 5061}, {"w": "憎悪", "rd": "ぞうお", "mn": "hatred; abhorrence; loathing; detestation", "fr": 8146}, {"w": "生憎", "rd": "あいにく", "mn": "unfortunately; sorry, but ...", "fr": 14664}, {"w": "憎らしい", "rd": "にくらしい", "mn": "odious; hateful; detestable; horrible", "fr": 17699}, {"w": "愛憎", "rd": "あいぞう", "mn": "love and hate", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "槽", "g": 8, "o": 1751, "f": 1809, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "ふね", "m": "vat; tub; tank", "pm": "vat", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "曹", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "office"}], "hc": "tree; wood; cadet; one; bend; sun; day", "hk": "vat", "hs": "Tree . . . cadet.", "ks": "Also as part of some army survival exercise, the <i>cadets</i> (including <i>Bender</i> see frame 1172) are sent into the <i>woods</i> to build a <b>vat</b> (for collecting water for example).", "v": [{"w": "水槽", "rd": "すいそう", "mn": "water tank; cistern", "fr": 14216}, {"w": "浴槽", "rd": "よくそう", "mn": "bathtub", "fr": 16678}, {"w": "浄化槽", "rd": "じょうかそう", "mn": "water-purification tank", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鍋", "g": 8, "o": 1752, "f": 1810, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "なべ", "m": "pot; pan; kettle", "pm": "pot", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "咼", "nj": "カイ", "ne": "crooked mouth"}], "hc": "metal; gold; jawbone; joint; hood; mouth", "hk": "pot", "hs": "Metal . . . jawbone.", "ks": "A <i>metall</i> <b>pot</b> with non-thermoconductive <i>jawbones</i> as handholds.", "v": [{"w": "鍋", "rd": "なべ", "mn": "pan; pot; saucepan", "fr": 4377}, {"w": "もつ鍋", "rd": "もつなべ", "mn": "hot pot stew made with offal, vegetables and (often) miso", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "慈", "g": 8, "o": 1753, "f": 1811, "j": null, "on": "ジ", "kun": "いつく.しむ", "m": "mercy", "pm": "mercy", "r": [{"c": "兹", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "double-mysterious; mothballs; horns; one; cocoon; heart", "hk": "mercy", "hs": "Double- <i>mysterious</i> . . . <i>heart</i>.", "ks": "<b>Mercy</b> comes from the doubly mysterious heart of God.", "v": [{"w": "慈悲", "rd": "じひ", "mn": "mercy; compassion; clemency; pity; charity; benevolence", "fr": 8854}, {"w": "慈愛", "rd": "じあい", "mn": "affection (esp. parental); love; fondness", "fr": 12852}, {"w": "慈善", "rd": "じぜん", "mn": "charity; benevolence; philanthropy", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "肯", "g": 8, "o": 1754, "f": 1813, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "がえんじ.る", "m": "agreement; consent; comply with", "pm": "agreement", "r": [{"c": "止", "nj": "とめる", "ne": "to stop"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "stop; footprint; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "agreement", "hs": "Seeing <i>footprints</i> on someone's <i>flesh</i> indicates a rather brutal way of having secured that person's <b>agreement</b>.", "ks": "The peace agreement put a stop on the fighting for a month.", "v": [{"w": "肯定", "rd": "こうてい", "mn": "affirmation", "fr": 4888}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "伐", "g": 8, "o": 1755, "f": 1816, "j": null, "on": "バツ、ハツ、カ、ボチ", "kun": "き.る、そむ.く、う.つ", "m": "fell; strike; attack; punish", "pm": "fell", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "戈", "nj": "ほこ", "ne": "spear"}], "hc": "person; fiesta", "hk": "fell", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>fiesta</i>. Hint: recall the German legend of the English missionary, Saint Boniface, who <b>felled</b> the sacred oak tree dedicated to Thor at Geismar (in lower Hessia), occasioning a great <i>fiesta</i> for the Christians in the neighborhood to mark the defeat of their pagan competition. Be sure to fit your special <i>person</i> into the story if you use it.", "ks": "Mr T at the fiesta fell over blind drunk.", "v": [{"w": "伐採", "rd": "ばっさい", "mn": "felling timber; cutting down trees; logging; lumbering", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "間伐", "rd": "かんばつ", "mn": "periodic thinning (e.g. forest)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "漬", "g": 8, "o": 1756, "f": 1818, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "つ.ける、つ.かる、-づ.け、-づけ", "m": "pickling; soak; moisten; steep", "pm": "pickling", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "責", "nj": "セキ", "ne": "blame"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; blame; grow up; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "pickling", "hs": "Water . . . blame.", "ks": "Bad water is to blame for the process of pickling.", "v": [{"w": "漬ける", "rd": "つける", "mn": "to soak (in); to steep; to dip; to dunk", "fr": 20458}, {"w": "漬物", "rd": "つけもの", "mn": "tsukemono (pickled vegetables)", "fr": 21653}], "p": null}, {"k": "燥", "g": 8, "o": 1757, "f": 1819, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "はしゃ.ぐ", "m": "parch; dry up", "pm": "parch", "r": [{"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}, {"c": "喿", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "chirping of birds"}], "hc": "fire; furniture; wooden goods; mouth; tree; wood", "hk": "parch", "hs": "<b>Parch</b> ment, made from animal skins, was the most common form of writing material used until the beginning of the nineteenth century. When paper took over, a method was devised to make artificial <b>parch</b> ment from <i>wood</i> pulp. The <i>fire</i> at the left and in the  \"strong\" position serves to remind us of the root word, \" <b>parch</b> ,\" since nothing dries, puckers, wrinkles, and scorches quite like <i>fire</i>. And here is how we put it all together. Take a sheet of paper (a  \" <i>wood-good</i> ,\"), wet it, and hold it over a <i>hearth</i> in your mind's eye. Now watch as it <b>parches</b> the paper, leaving it with a strange and bumpy surface resembling <b>parch</b> ment.", "ks": "The parch ment says you need fire to make good s from tree s.", "v": [{"w": "乾燥", "rd": "かんそう", "mn": "dryness; aridity; drying (e.g. clothes); dehydration; desiccation", "fr": 9208}, {"w": "焦燥", "rd": "しょうそう", "mn": "impatience; irritation; frustration; fretfulness", "fr": 15832}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "糾", "g": 8, "o": 1758, "f": 1820, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "ただ.す", "m": "twist; ask; investigate; verify", "pm": "twist", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "丩", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "to join or connect the vine"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; cornucopia", "hk": "twist", "hs": "Thread . . . cornucopia.", "ks": "A Pepsi promotion where you <b>twist</b> off the cap to find pictures of your favorite heroes like <i>Spider-Man</i> or members of the <i>Fantastic Four</i>.", "v": [{"w": "糾弾", "rd": "きゅうだん", "mn": "censure; denunciation; (verbal) attack; blaming", "fr": 13721}, {"w": "糾合", "rd": "きゅうごう", "mn": "rally; muster", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紛糾", "rd": "ふんきゅう", "mn": "complication; confusion; disorder; chaos; dispute; conflict; trouble; quarrel", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "墳", "g": 8, "o": 1759, "f": 1822, "j": null, "on": "フン", "kun": "", "m": "tomb; mound", "pm": "tomb", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "賁", "nj": "フン", "ne": "decorate"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; pitchfork; haystack; ten; needle; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "tomb", "hs": "<i>Soil</i> . . . <i>haystack</i> . . . <i>clams</i>. In order not to confuse this kanji with that for a <i>grave</i> (Frame 246), something like the image of an Egyptian <b>tomb</b> should be adopted, with all its special connotations.", "ks": "Depending on how much money you have, you can be buried in the hay, in the dirt, or in a tomb.", "v": [{"w": "古墳", "rd": "こふん", "mn": "ancient burial mound; barrow; tumulus", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "墳墓", "rd": "ふんぼ", "mn": "grave; tomb", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "坪", "g": 8, "o": 1760, "f": 1823, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ", "kun": "つぼ", "m": "two-mat area; approx. thirty-six sq ft", "pm": "two-mat area", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "平", "nj": "ヘイ", "ne": "even"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; even; water-lily; lily pad", "hk": "two-mat area", "hs": "This kanji belongs to an old Japanese system of measurement and indicates an area of about 36 square feet, or the <b>area</b> taken up by <b>two</b> tatami <b>mats</b>. Its elements: <i>ground</i> . . . <i>water lily</i>.", "ks": "A <b>two-mat area</b> is just about as much <i>ground</i> as you will need for a <i>lily</i> pond.", "v": [{"w": "坪", "rd": "つぼ", "mn": "tsubo", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "畜", "g": 8, "o": 1761, "f": 1824, "j": null, "on": "チク", "kun": "", "m": "livestock; domestic fowl and animals", "pm": "livestock", "r": [{"c": "玄", "nj": "げん", "ne": "darkness"}, {"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}], "hc": "mysterious; top hat; cocoon; rice field; brains", "hk": "livestock", "hs": "Mysterious . . . rice field.", "ks": "The livestock are disappearing! I've placed Gandalf over the rice field to protect them.", "v": [{"w": "畜生", "rd": "ちくしょう", "mn": "damn it; damn; son of a bitch; for Christ's sake", "fr": 10029}, {"w": "家畜", "rd": "かちく", "mn": "domestic animals; livestock; cattle", "fr": 13402}, {"w": "牧畜", "rd": "ぼくちく", "mn": "stock-farming; livestock farming; cattle breeding", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "畜産", "rd": "ちくさん", "mn": "animal husbandry; livestock industry", "fr": 50000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "紺", "g": 8, "o": 1762, "f": 1825, "j": null, "on": "コン", "kun": "", "m": "dark blue; navy", "pm": "dark blue", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "甘", "nj": "あまい", "ne": "sweet"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; sweet; wicker basket; picnic basket", "hk": "navy blue", "hs": "Thread . . . wicker basket.", "ks": "Thanks raulir - As many Japanese perverts know, <b>navy blue</b> threads conceal school girl sweetness underneath.", "v": [{"w": "紺", "rd": "こん", "mn": "navy blue; deep blue", "fr": 22810}, {"w": "濃紺", "rd": "のうこん", "mn": "dark blue", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紺屋", "rd": "こうや", "mn": "dyer", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "慌", "g": 8, "o": 1763, "f": 1826, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "あわ.てる、あわ.ただしい", "m": "disconcerted; be confused; lose one's head", "pm": "disconcerted", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "荒", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "laid waste"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; laid waste; wreath; flowers; deceased; perish; top hat; fishhook; stream; flood", "hk": "disconcerted", "hs": "State of mind . . . laid waste.", "ks": "When I am disconcerted my state of mind is \" laid to waste \".", "v": [{"w": "慌てる", "rd": "あわてる", "mn": "to become confused (disconcerted, disorganized, disorganised); to be flustered; ", "fr": 1243}, {"w": "慌ただしい", "rd": "あわただしい", "mn": "busy; hectic; hurried; rushed", "fr": 7828}, {"w": "恐慌", "rd": "きょうこう", "mn": "panic; scare; alarm", "fr": 24702}], "p": null}, {"k": "娯", "g": 8, "o": 1764, "f": 1827, "j": null, "on": "ゴ", "kun": "", "m": "recreation; pleasure", "pm": "recreation", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "呉", "nj": "ゴ", "ne": "give"}], "hc": "woman; give; mouth; chair; tool; animal legs", "hk": "recreation", "hs": "Woman . . . give.", "ks": "A woman gives up her recreation time in order to raise a family.", "v": [{"w": "娯楽", "rd": "ごらく", "mn": "amusement; entertainment; recreation; pleasure; pastime; hobby", "fr": 9381}], "p": null}, {"k": "羅", "g": 8, "o": 1765, "f": 1831, "j": null, "on": "ラ", "kun": "うすもの", "m": "gauze; thin silk; Rome; arrange; spread out", "pm": "gauze", "r": [{"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "維", "nj": "イ", "ne": "fiber"}], "hc": "eye; cross-eyed; net; fibre; thread; spiderman; turkey", "hk": "gauze", "hs": "Eye . . . fiber.", "ks": "The eyes on Spiderman's mask are made of carbon fibre gauze. Light, strong and see-through.", "v": [{"w": "羅列", "rd": "られつ", "mn": "enumeration; citation; listing", "fr": 17110}, {"w": "網羅", "rd": "もうら", "mn": "encompassing; covering (exhaustively); including (all of); comprising; comprehen", "fr": 23918}, {"w": "羅針盤", "rd": "らしんばん", "mn": "compass", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "坊", "g": 8, "o": 1766, "f": 1832, "j": null, "on": "ボウ、ボッ", "kun": "", "m": "boy; priest's residence; priest", "pm": "boy", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; compass; direction", "hk": "boy", "hs": "The character for a <b>boy</b> shows us a <b>Boy</b> Scout cleaning the <i>dirt</i> out of his <i>compass</i>  \\- the more <i>dirt</i> , the better.", "ks": "Little <b>boy</b> s always head in the direction of mud and dirt.", "v": [{"w": "赤ん坊", "rd": "あかんぼう", "mn": "baby; infant", "fr": 5020}, {"w": "寝坊", "rd": "ねぼう", "mn": "sleeping in late; oversleeping", "fr": 6516}, {"w": "坊主", "rd": "ぼうず", "mn": "Buddhist priest; bonze", "fr": 7219}, {"w": "坊ちゃん", "rd": "ぼっちゃん", "mn": "(another's) son; boy; young master", "fr": 15656}, {"w": "坊さん", "rd": "ぼうさん", "mn": "Buddhist priest; monk", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "朝寝坊", "rd": "あさねぼう", "mn": "sleeping late in the morning; sleeping in; lie-in; oversleeping", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "お坊さん", "rd": "おぼうさん", "mn": "Buddhist priest; monk", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "本因坊", "rd": "ほんいんぼう", "mn": "Hon'inbō; Honinbo; grandmaster", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "峡", "g": 8, "o": 1767, "f": 1833, "j": null, "on": "キョウ、コウ", "kun": "はざま", "m": "gorge; ravine", "pm": "gorge", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "夹", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "mountain; scissors; husband; horns", "hk": "gorge", "hs": "Mountain . . . scissors.", "ks": "A kid cuts a gorge into a paper mountain , with a pair of scissors.", "v": [{"w": "海峡", "rd": "かいきょう", "mn": "channel (e.g. between two land masses); strait", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "峡谷", "rd": "きょうこく", "mn": "gorge; ravine; canyon; glen", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "俸", "g": 8, "o": 1768, "f": 1834, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "", "m": "stipend; salary", "pm": "stipend", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "奉", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "observance"}], "hc": "person; observance; dedicate; bonsai; cornstalk", "hk": "stipend", "hs": "Person . . . dedicate.", "ks": "People who are highly dedicated to their jobs get good salaries/stipends.", "v": [{"w": "俸給", "rd": "ほうきゅう", "mn": "salary (esp. public employees); wages; pay", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "年俸", "rd": "ねんぽう", "mn": "annual salary", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "減俸", "rd": "げんぽう", "mn": "salary reduction; salary cut", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "厘", "g": 8, "o": 1769, "f": 1835, "j": null, "on": "リン", "kun": "", "m": "rin; 1/10 sen; 1/10 bu", "pm": "rin", "r": [{"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "里", "nj": "さと", "ne": "village"}], "hc": "cliff; computer", "hk": "rin", "hs": "No doubt you will find it in your heart to forgive me for forcing yet another Japanese word on you in this frame. It is not the last time it will happen in this book, but I can assure you they are used only when absolutely necessary. One <b><i>rin</i></b> is equal to about 1/1000 of a yen - or rather was worth that much when it still made economic sense to mint them. While inflation took its toll on this kanji as a monetary unit, it survived with the not at all surprising sense of something  \"very, very tiny.\" The kanji shows a <i>cliff</i> with a <i>computer</i> under it, apparently because it has been pushed over into the abyss by someone fed up with the thing. The total market value of one home <i>computer</i> that has fallen over rock and bramble for several hundred feet: about one <b><i>rin</i></b>!", "ks": "The Square Root of 1 RI = 1 RIN.", "v": [{"w": "厘", "rd": "りん", "mn": "one-hundredth; 0.3 mm (one-hundredth of a sun); 0.1 percent (one-hundredth of a ", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "峰", "g": 8, "o": 1770, "f": 1836, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "みね、ね", "m": "summit; peak", "pm": "summit", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "夆", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "resist"}], "hc": "mountain; Segway; Macbeth; walking legs; bushes", "hk": "summit", "hs": "Mountain . . . walking legs . . . bushes.", "ks": "Moses climbs to the summit of the mountain using his walking legs to talk to the burning bush.", "v": [{"w": "峰", "rd": "みね", "mn": "peak; summit; ridge; top", "fr": 18736}, {"w": "最高峰", "rd": "さいこうほう", "mn": "highest peak; highest mountain", "fr": 20348}, {"w": "連峰", "rd": "れんぽう", "mn": "mountain range", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "高峰", "rd": "こうほう", "mn": "high mountain; lofty peak", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "醸", "g": 8, "o": 1771, "f": 1838, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ", "kun": "かも.す", "m": "brew; cause", "pm": "brew", "r": [{"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}, {"c": "㐮", "nj": "", "ne": "to help"}], "hc": "whiskey bottle; grass skirt; top hat; eight; six; animal legs; celery; scarf", "hk": "brew", "hs": "Whiskey bottle . . . grass skirt.", "ks": "On the troical island of JOU, they <b>brew</b> <i>whiskey</i> while wearing <i>grass skirts</i> (top hats and scarves too). (Image: the strangely dresses islanders stirring a pot of <b>brew</b>. Careful [fermentation](../v4/1430.html) (#1430 酵)).", "v": [{"w": "醸成", "rd": "じょうせい", "mn": "brewing; fermenting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "醸造", "rd": "じょうぞう", "mn": "brewing", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "弔", "g": 8, "o": 1772, "f": 1840, "j": null, "on": "チョウ", "kun": "とむら.う、とぶら.う", "m": "condolences; mourning; funeral", "pm": "condolences", "r": [{"c": "弓", "nj": "ゆみ", "ne": "bow （in archery）"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}], "hc": "bow; walking stick", "hk": "condolences", "hs": "<i>A bow</i> . . . wrapped around a <i>walking stick</i>.", "ks": "Perhaps a pictograph of a soldier's weapons–his sword and bow-placed ceremonially over his body before burial, while people offer their <b>condolences</b>.", "v": [{"w": "弔う", "rd": "とむらう", "mn": "to mourn for; to grieve for; to condole with (the bereaved family, etc.)", "fr": 19757}, {"w": "弔問", "rd": "ちょうもん", "mn": "condolence call; visiting a bereaved family to offer condolences", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弔意", "rd": "ちょうい", "mn": "condolence; sympathy; mourning", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弔辞", "rd": "ちょうじ", "mn": "memorial address; words of condolence; funeral oration; eulogy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "弔電", "rd": "ちょうでん", "mn": "telegram of condolence", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "慶弔", "rd": "けいちょう", "mn": "congratulations and condolences", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "乙", "g": 8, "o": 1773, "f": 1841, "j": null, "on": "オツ、イツ", "kun": "おと-、きのと", "m": "the latter; duplicate; strange; witty; fishhook radical (no. 5)", "pm": "the latter", "r": [{"c": "乙", "nj": "おつ", "ne": "the second"}], "hc": "fishguts; fishhook", "hk": "fish guts", "hs": "The kanji shown here actually represents the \"second\" position in the old Chinese zodiac, which the Japanese still use as an alternate way of enumeration, much the same way that English will revert to Roman numerals. Among its many other meanings are \"pure,\" \"tasteful,\" \"quaint,\" and - get this! - <b>fish guts</b>. Since it is a pictograph of a fishhook, it should not be hard to associate it with the key word.", "ks": "This is a fish hook, that pulls out the <b>fishguts</b>.", "v": [{"w": "乙", "rd": "おつ", "mn": "(the) second (party, rank, etc.); B (grade); the latter", "fr": 15536}, {"w": "早乙女", "rd": "さおとめ", "mn": "young female rice planter; young girl", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "甲乙", "rd": "こうおつ", "mn": "first and second; A and B", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "汁", "g": 8, "o": 1774, "f": 1843, "j": null, "on": "ジュウ", "kun": "しる、-しる、つゆ", "m": "soup; juice; broth; sap; gravy; pus", "pm": "soup", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; ten; needle", "hk": "soup", "hs": "To make <b>soup</b> , one begins with <i>water</i> and then starts adding things to it, often leftovers from the icebox. This is how the thick <b>soup</b> or stew called  \"seven-in-one\" is made. This kanji does it three better, giving us a <i>ten</i> -ingredient <b>soup</b>.", "ks": "Water and ten ingredients can become a good soup!", "v": [{"w": "汁", "rd": "しる", "mn": "juice; sap", "fr": 5673}, {"w": "味噌汁", "rd": "みそしる", "mn": "miso soup", "fr": 10036}, {"w": "果汁", "rd": "かじゅう", "mn": "fruit juice", "fr": 24022}], "p": null}, {"k": "尼", "g": 8, "o": 1775, "f": 1844, "j": null, "on": "ニ", "kun": "あま", "m": "nun", "pm": "nun", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "匕", "nj": "さじ", "ne": "spoon"}], "hc": "flag; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "nun", "hs": "Flag . . . spoon.", "ks": "A nun sits in protests under an American flag.", "v": [{"w": "尼", "rd": "あま", "mn": "Buddhist nun", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "尼僧", "rd": "にそう", "mn": "Buddhist nun", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "遍", "g": 8, "o": 1776, "f": 1845, "j": null, "on": "ヘン", "kun": "あまね.く", "m": "everywhere; times; widely; generally", "pm": "everywhere", "r": [{"c": "扁", "nj": "ヘン", "ne": "level"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "fishfinger; door; one; ceiling; flag; scrapbook; glass canopy; hood; flowers; road", "hk": "everywhere", "hs": "Door . . . scrapbook . . . a road.", "ks": "Go down any road in Japan and you'll find konbini hentai everywhere.", "v": [{"w": "普遍", "rd": "ふへん", "mn": "universal; general; ubiquitous; omnipresent", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "一遍", "rd": "いっぺん", "mn": "once; one time", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "一遍に", "rd": "いっぺんに", "mn": "(all) at once; at the same time; in one go; in one sitting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "何遍", "rd": "なんべん", "mn": "how many times; how often", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "普遍的", "rd": "ふへんてき", "mn": "universal; omnipresent; ubiquitous", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遍歴", "rd": "へんれき", "mn": "travels; pilgrimage; itinerancy", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "衡", "g": 8, "o": 1777, "f": 1847, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "", "m": "equilibrium; measuring rod; scale", "pm": "equilibrium", "r": [{"c": "行", "nj": "ぎょうがまえ", "ne": "to go"}], "hc": "boulevard; going; bound up; rice field; brains; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "equilibrium", "hs": "Boulevard . . . bound up . . . brains . . . St. Bernard dog.", "ks": "To maintain the social <b>equilibrium</b> in a future dystopian society, the <i>brains</i> of citizens are <i>bound up</i> (hypnotized). The government is using mental wave emitting statues shaped like <i>St. Bernard's dogs</i> put alongside the <i>boulevards</i>.", "v": [{"w": "均衡", "rd": "きんこう", "mn": "balance; equilibrium", "fr": 13754}, {"w": "不均衡", "rd": "ふきんこう", "mn": "imbalance; lack of balance; lopsidedness; disproportion; inequality; disparity", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "平衡", "rd": "へいこう", "mn": "balance; equilibrium", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拡大均衡", "rd": "かくだいきんこう", "mn": "an expanded or expanding equilibrium", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "薫", "g": 8, "o": 1778, "f": 1849, "j": null, "on": "クン", "kun": "かお.る", "m": "send forth fragrance; fragrant; be scented; smoke (tobacco)", "pm": "send forth fragrance", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "重", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "heavy"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "flowers; heavy; thousand; ri; computer; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "fragrant", "hs": "<i>Flowers</i> . . . <i>heavy</i> . . . <i>oven fire</i>. Do not confuse with <i>incense</i> (Frame 977) or <i>perfumed</i> (Frame 532).", "ks": "The heavier the flowers the stronger their fragrance when you burn them.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "瓦", "g": 8, "o": 1779, "f": 1850, "j": null, "on": "ガ", "kun": "かわら、ぐらむ", "m": "tile; gram", "pm": "tile", "r": [{"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "one; ceiling; cane; stick; drop; fishhook; ice", "hk": "tile", "hs": "Ceiling . . . plow . . . fishhook . . . a drop of.", "ks": "Horror scene: Hanging from the <i>ceiling</i> , a <i>plough</i> and <i>fishhook</i> <i>dripping</i> with blood down onto the <b>tile</b> d bathroom floor.", "v": [{"w": "瓦礫", "rd": "がれき", "mn": "rubble; debris; wreckage; tiles and pebbles", "fr": 14251}, {"w": "煉瓦", "rd": "れんが", "mn": "brick", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "瓦", "rd": "かわら", "mn": "tile (e.g. roof)", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "猟", "g": 8, "o": 1780, "f": 1851, "j": null, "on": "リョウ", "kun": "かり、か.る", "m": "game-hunting; shooting; game; bag", "pm": "game-hunting", "r": [{"c": "犭", "nj": "けものへん", "ne": "beast"}, {"c": "鼡", "nj": "ソ", "ne": "rat"}], "hc": "pack of wild dogs; anemometer; owl; wind; cornstalk", "hk": "game hunting", "hs": "Pack of wild dogs . . . owl . . . wind . . . cornstalk.", "ks": "The WILD DOGS are GAME HUNTING the OWL who flies like the WIND through the CORN STORKS.", "v": [{"w": "狩猟", "rd": "しゅりょう", "mn": "hunting", "fr": 19869}, {"w": "密猟", "rd": "みつりょう", "mn": "poaching", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "猟", "rd": "りょう", "mn": "hunting; shooting", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "猟師", "rd": "りょうし", "mn": "hunter; huntsman", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "猟犬", "rd": "りょうけん", "mn": "hound; hunting dog; gun dog", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "猟銃", "rd": "りょうじゅう", "mn": "hunting gun; sportsgun", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "款", "g": 8, "o": 1781, "f": 1854, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "", "m": "goodwill; article; section; friendship; collusion", "pm": "goodwill", "r": [{"c": "士", "nj": "さむらい", "ne": "man"}, {"c": "示", "nj": "しめす", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "欠", "nj": "あくび", "ne": "to lack"}], "hc": "samurai; altar; show; two; small; lack; yawn", "hk": "goodwill", "hs": "Samurai . . . altar . . . yawning.", "ks": "A samurai 's show of goodwill is never lacking.", "v": [{"w": "借款", "rd": "しゃっかん", "mn": "loan (esp. between governments)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "定款", "rd": "ていかん", "mn": "articles of incorporation; company statute", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "約款", "rd": "やっかん", "mn": "agreement; stipulation; article; clause", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "閲", "g": 8, "o": 1782, "f": 1855, "j": null, "on": "エツ", "kun": "けみ.する", "m": "review; inspection; revision", "pm": "review", "r": [{"c": "門", "nj": "もんがまえ", "ne": "gate"}, {"c": "兌", "nj": "ダ", "ne": "exchange"}], "hc": "gates; devil; horns; elder brother; teenager; mouth; human legs", "hk": "review", "hs": "<i>Gates</i> . . . <i>devil</i>. Keep the connotation of this key word distinct from those of <i>inspection</i> (Frame 1174), <i>revise</i> (Frame 362), and <i>perusal</i> (Frame 919).", "ks": "A little <i>devil</i> at the <i>gates of hell</i> <b>review</b> s your record to see if you're evil enough to get in.", "v": [{"w": "閲覧", "rd": "えつらん", "mn": "inspection; reading; perusal", "fr": 14621}, {"w": "校閲", "rd": "こうえつ", "mn": "revision; proofreading", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "検閲", "rd": "けんえつ", "mn": "censorship", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "偵", "g": 8, "o": 1783, "f": 1857, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "", "m": "spy", "pm": "spy", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "貞", "nj": "テイ", "ne": "upright"}], "hc": "person; upright; magic wand; augury; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "spy", "hs": "Person . . . upright.", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> is a terrible <b>spy</b>. He walks around <i>upright</i>. \"Why should I hide?! I've got nothing to be ashamed of!\".", "v": [{"w": "探偵", "rd": "たんてい", "mn": "detective; investigator; sleuth", "fr": 6266}, {"w": "偵察", "rd": "ていさつ", "mn": "scouting; reconnaissance", "fr": 8581}, {"w": "内偵", "rd": "ないてい", "mn": "secret investigation; private enquiry; private inquiry; reconnaissance; scouting", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "喝", "g": 8, "o": 1784, "f": 1858, "j": null, "on": "カツ", "kun": "", "m": "hoarse; scold", "pm": "hoarse", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "曷", "nj": "カツ", "ne": "why"}], "hc": "mouth; mexican bandit; muchacho; siesta; sun; day; aroma; bound up; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "hoarse", "hs": "When the muchacho on <i>siesta</i> looks up at you and opens his <i>mouth</i> to talk, his voice is so <b>hoarse</b> that you cannot understand him.", "ks": "If you have a <i>siesta</i> with your <i>mouth</i> open, you will wake up with a <b>hoarse</b> voice.", "v": [{"w": "恐喝", "rd": "きょうかつ", "mn": "blackmail; extortion; threat (to extort money)", "fr": 23764}, {"w": "喝破", "rd": "かっぱ", "mn": "arguing (someone) down; loudly scolding; rebuking", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "敢", "g": 8, "o": 1785, "f": 1859, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "あ.えて、あ.えない、あ.えず", "m": "daring; brave; bold; sad; tragic; pitiful", "pm": "daring", "r": [{"c": "耳", "nj": "みみ", "ne": "ear"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "street; nail; spike; ear; taskmaster", "hk": "daring", "hs": "Spike . . . ear . . . taskmaster.", "ks": "Only a truly <b>daring</b> Japanese student would wear a <i>spike</i> in his <i>ear</i> under the gaze of the Japanese teacher <i>taskmasters</i>!", "v": [{"w": "勇敢", "rd": "ゆうかん", "mn": "brave; courageous; gallant; valiant; heroic", "fr": 8877}, {"w": "敢えて", "rd": "あえて", "mn": "purposely (of something needless, unexpected or seemingly counterproductive, etc", "fr": 14458}, {"w": "果敢", "rd": "かかん", "mn": "resolute; determined; bold", "fr": 16789}, {"w": "敢行", "rd": "かんこう", "mn": "decisive action; going through with; daring to do; carrying out", "fr": 24037}, {"w": "敢然", "rd": "かんぜん", "mn": "boldly; bravely; resolutely; determinedly", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "敢闘", "rd": "かんとう", "mn": "fighting bravely", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "胎", "g": 8, "o": 1786, "f": 1861, "j": null, "on": "タイ", "kun": "", "m": "womb; uterus", "pm": "womb", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "台", "nj": "ダイ", "ne": "pedestal"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; pedestal; elbow; mouth", "hk": "womb", "hs": "Part of the body . . . pedestal.", "ks": "If any body part deserves to be put on a pedestal , it is the womb from which new life springs forth.", "v": [{"w": "胎児", "rd": "たいじ", "mn": "fetus; foetus; embryo; baby in the womb; unborn baby", "fr": 23044}, {"w": "受胎", "rd": "じゅたい", "mn": "conception; fertilization; fertilisation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "堕胎", "rd": "だたい", "mn": "abortion; feticide", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "母胎", "rd": "ぼたい", "mn": "womb; uterus", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "胎動", "rd": "たいどう", "mn": "fetal movement; movements of the fetus; quickening", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "胎盤", "rd": "たいばん", "mn": "placenta", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "酵", "g": 8, "o": 1787, "f": 1862, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "", "m": "fermentation", "pm": "fermentation", "r": [{"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}, {"c": "孝", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "filial piety"}], "hc": "whiskey bottle; filial piety; old man; child", "hk": "fermentation", "hs": "Whiskey bottle . . . filial piety.", "ks": "The secrets of <b>fermentation</b> are passed to the son who displays the most filial piety.", "v": [{"w": "発酵", "rd": "はっこう", "mn": "fermentation; zymosis", "fr": 24146}, {"w": "酵母", "rd": "こうぼ", "mn": "yeast; leaven", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "酵素", "rd": "こうそ", "mn": "enzyme", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "憤", "g": 8, "o": 1788, "f": 1863, "j": null, "on": "フン", "kun": "いきどお.る", "m": "aroused; resent; be indignant; anger", "pm": "aroused", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "賁", "nj": "フン", "ne": "decorate"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; pitchfork; haystack; ten; needle; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "aroused", "hs": "State of mind . . . haystack . . . clams.", "ks": "Aroused : the state of mind men are in before their eruption…", "v": [{"w": "憤り", "rd": "いきどおり", "mn": "resentment; indignation; anger", "fr": 13826}, {"w": "憤慨", "rd": "ふんがい", "mn": "indignation; resentment", "fr": 16739}], "p": null}, {"k": "豚", "g": 8, "o": 1789, "f": 1864, "j": null, "on": "トン", "kun": "ぶた", "m": "pork; pig", "pm": "pork", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "豕", "nj": "いのこ", "ne": "pig"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; sow; pig", "hk": "pork", "hs": "Flesh . . . sow.", "ks": "<b>Pork</b> comes from the flesh of a sow.", "v": [{"w": "豚", "rd": "ぶた", "mn": "pig (Sus scrofa domesticus)", "fr": 5562}, {"w": "豚肉", "rd": "ぶたにく", "mn": "pork", "fr": 16705}, {"w": "養豚", "rd": "ようとん", "mn": "pig-keeping; pig farming", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "遮", "g": 8, "o": 1790, "f": 1865, "j": null, "on": "シャ", "kun": "さえぎ.る", "m": "intercept; interrupt; obstruct", "pm": "intercept", "r": [{"c": "庶", "nj": "ショ", "ne": "commoner"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "commoner; caverns; cave; twenty; oven-fire; barbecue; road", "hk": "intercept", "hs": "Commoner . . . road.", "ks": "The <i>commoners</i> are revolting! We must <b>intercept</b> them on the <i>road</i> before they reach the castle!", "v": [{"w": "遮る", "rd": "さえぎる", "mn": "to interrupt; to obstruct (a view, someone's way, etc.); to block (light, wind, ", "fr": 4670}, {"w": "遮断", "rd": "しゃだん", "mn": "isolation; cut off; blockade; quarantine; interception; deprivation", "fr": 8385}, {"w": "遮断器", "rd": "しゃだんき", "mn": "circuit breaker", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遮断機", "rd": "しゃだんき", "mn": "(railway) crossing gate; barrier (at a toll booth, parking lot, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "扉", "g": 8, "o": 1791, "f": 1866, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "とびら", "m": "front door; title page; front page", "pm": "front door", "r": [{"c": "戸", "nj": "コ", "ne": "door"}, {"c": "非", "nj": "あらず", "ne": "wrong"}], "hc": "door; one; ceiling; flag; un-; jail cell; prison bars", "hk": "front door", "hs": "Door . . . jail cell.", "ks": "The only way out of a <i>jail cell</i> is to serve your time and walk out the <b>front door</b>. There are no other <i>doors</i>.", "v": [{"w": "扉", "rd": "とびら", "mn": "door; gate; opening", "fr": 1439}, {"w": "門扉", "rd": "もんぴ", "mn": "door(s) of a gate", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "硫", "g": 8, "o": 1792, "f": 1867, "j": null, "on": "リュウ", "kun": "", "m": "sulphur", "pm": "sulphur", "r": [{"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}, {"c": "㐬", "nj": "", "ne": "a cup with pendants"}], "hc": "sulphur; stone; rock; lifebelt; infant; toddler; top hat; elbow; stream; flood", "hk": "sulfur", "hs": "Rock . . . infant . . . flood.", "ks": "<b>Sulphur</b> is like a <i>rock</i> , but it can stink like a <i>stream</i> of <i>infant</i> doodie.", "v": [{"w": "硫酸", "rd": "りゅうさん", "mn": "sulfuric acid; sulphuric acid", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "硫黄", "rd": "いおう", "mn": "sulfur (S); sulphur", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "脱硫", "rd": "だつりゅう", "mn": "desulfurization; desulphurisation; desulphurization", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "赦", "g": 8, "o": 1793, "f": 1868, "j": null, "on": "シャ", "kun": "ゆる.す", "m": "pardon; forgiveness", "pm": "pardon", "r": [{"c": "赤", "nj": "あか", "ne": "red"}, {"c": "攵", "nj": "ぼくづくり", "ne": "activity"}], "hc": "red; taskmaster", "hk": "pardon", "hs": "Red . . . taskmaster.", "ks": "Pardon the fart of the RED faced TASKMASTER.", "v": [{"w": "容赦", "rd": "ようしゃ", "mn": "pardon; forgiveness; tolerance; overlooking", "fr": 2379}, {"w": "容赦なく", "rd": "ようしゃなく", "mn": "mercilessly; relentlessly; unsparingly", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "恩赦", "rd": "おんしゃ", "mn": "amnesty; pardon", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "特赦", "rd": "とくしゃ", "mn": "special pardon; (general) amnesty", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "赦免", "rd": "しゃめん", "mn": "pardon; remission; amnesty", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "挫", "g": 8, "o": 1794, "f": 1869, "j": null, "on": "ザ、サ", "kun": "くじ.く、くじ.ける", "m": "crush; break; sprain; discourage", "pm": "crush", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "坐", "nj": "ザ", "ne": "sit"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; sitting in meditation; assembly line; person; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "sprain", "hs": "Fingers . . . assembly line . . . soil.", "ks": "I <b>sprained</b> my <i>fingers</i> when I <i>sat in meditation</i> (by sitting in a strange position).", "v": [{"w": "挫折", "rd": "ざせつ", "mn": "setback; failure (e.g. plans, business); frustration; discouragement", "fr": 12254}, {"w": "捻挫", "rd": "ねんざ", "mn": "sprain; twist; wrench", "fr": 23589}], "p": null}, {"k": "挟", "g": 8, "o": 1795, "f": 1870, "j": null, "on": "キョウ、ショウ", "kun": "はさ.む、はさ.まる、わきばさ.む、さしはさ.む", "m": "pinch; between", "pm": "pinch", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "夹", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "finger; fingers; scissors; husband; horns", "hk": "sandwiched", "hs": "<i>Fingers</i> . . . <i>scissors</i>. Do not confuse with the kanji for <i>pinch</i> (Frame 709).", "ks": "Fingers sandwiched between a pair of scissors. Don't move or else!", "v": [{"w": "挟む", "rd": "はさむ", "mn": "to hold between (e.g. one's fingers, chopsticks); to grip (from both sides)", "fr": 2848}, {"w": "挟まる", "rd": "はさまる", "mn": "to get between; to be caught in", "fr": 4784}, {"w": "挟み撃ち", "rd": "はさみうち", "mn": "attack on both sides; pincer movement; double envelopment", "fr": 19767}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "窃", "g": 8, "o": 1796, "f": 1871, "j": null, "on": "セツ", "kun": "ぬす.む、ひそ.か", "m": "stealth; steal; secret; private; hushed", "pm": "stealth", "r": [{"c": "穴", "nj": "あな", "ne": "hole"}, {"c": "切", "nj": "セツ", "ne": "cut"}], "hc": "hole; house; human legs; cut; seven; sword; dagger", "hk": "stealth", "hs": "Hole . . . cut.", "ks": "Stealth bombers cut holes through the enemy radar.", "v": [{"w": "窃盗", "rd": "せっとう", "mn": "theft; stealing; larceny", "fr": 17146}], "p": null}, {"k": "泡", "g": 8, "o": 1797, "f": 1872, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "あわ", "m": "bubbles; foam; suds; froth", "pm": "bubbles", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "包", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "wrap"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; wrap; bound up; snake; self", "hk": "bubble", "hs": "Water . . . wrap.", "ks": "When <i>water</i> forms a bubble, it <i>wraps</i> a pocket of air.", "v": [{"w": "泡", "rd": "あわ", "mn": "bubble; foam; froth; suds; lather; head (on beer)", "fr": 5333}, {"w": "気泡", "rd": "きほう", "mn": "(air) bubble (esp. in a liquid)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "水泡", "rd": "すいほう", "mn": "foam; bubble", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "発泡", "rd": "はっぽう", "mn": "foaming", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "発泡スチロール", "rd": "はっぽうスチロール", "mn": "styrofoam; styrene foam; expanded polystyrene", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "又", "g": 8, "o": 1798, "f": 1874, "j": null, "on": "ユウ", "kun": "また、また-、また.の-", "m": "or again; furthermore; on the other hand", "pm": "or again", "r": [{"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "crotch", "hk": "or again", "hs": "Like the several abbreviations in Roman script to indicate \"and\" (+, &, etc.), this short two-stroke kanji is used for the similar meaning of <b>or again</b>.", "ks": "The crotch is the area of vital \" or again s\". (Organs, that is.).", "v": [{"w": "又は", "rd": "または", "mn": "or; either ... or ...", "fr": 5853}], "p": null}, {"k": "慨", "g": 8, "o": 1799, "f": 1875, "j": null, "on": "ガイ", "kun": "なげ.く", "m": "rue; be sad; sigh; lament", "pm": "rue", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "既", "nj": "キ", "ne": "previously"}], "hc": "regret; resentment; Freud; state of mind; silver; waitress; previously", "hk": "rue", "hs": "Resentment . . . waitress.", "ks": "If you don't leave some <i>silver</i> as a tip, you will <b>rue</b> the day you earned the <i>resentment</i> of your <i>waitress</i>.", "v": [{"w": "感慨", "rd": "かんがい", "mn": "deep emotion; strong feelings", "fr": 11737}, {"w": "憤慨", "rd": "ふんがい", "mn": "indignation; resentment", "fr": 16739}, {"w": "感慨無量", "rd": "かんがいむりょう", "mn": "deep emotion; being filled with emotion", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "紡", "g": 8, "o": 1800, "f": 1876, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "つむ.ぐ", "m": "spinning", "pm": "spinning", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; compass; direction", "hk": "spinning", "hs": "For the kanji that means the <i>spinning</i> of <i>thread</i> and other fibers we have the elements: <i>thread</i> . . . <i>compass</i>.", "ks": "<i>Spiderman</i> can <b>spin</b> his webs in any <i>direction</i>.", "v": [{"w": "紡ぐ", "rd": "つむぐ", "mn": "to spin; to make yarn", "fr": 8494}, {"w": "紡績", "rd": "ぼうせき", "mn": "spinning (textiles)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "混紡", "rd": "こんぼう", "mn": "mixed yarn; mixed spinning", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "紡織", "rd": "ぼうしょく", "mn": "spinning and weaving", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "恨", "g": 8, "o": 1801, "f": 1877, "j": null, "on": "コン", "kun": "うら.む、うら.めしい", "m": "regret; bear a grudge; resentment; malice; hatred", "pm": "regret", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}], "hc": "regret; Freud; state of mind; silver", "hk": "resentment", "hs": "State of mind . . . silver.", "ks": "The athlete's <i>state of mind</i> is nothing but <b>resentment</b> after getting the <i>silver</i> medal.", "v": [{"w": "恨む", "rd": "うらむ", "mn": "to bear a grudge against; to resent; to blame; to curse; to feel bitter towards", "fr": 2189}, {"w": "恨み", "rd": "うらみ", "mn": "resentment; grudge; malice; bitterness", "fr": 3057}, {"w": "痛恨", "rd": "つうこん", "mn": "deep regret; great sorrow; bitter grief", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遺恨", "rd": "いこん", "mn": "grudge; ill will; enmity", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "肪", "g": 8, "o": 1802, "f": 1878, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "", "m": "obese; fat", "pm": "obese", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "方", "nj": "ほう", "ne": "direction"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; compass; direction", "hk": "obese", "hs": "If you eat too much, you may need a <i>compass</i> to find your way around the <b>obese</b> mass of <i>flesh</i> that piles up in the midsection. Compare this with your stories for <i>round</i> (Frame 44) and <i>fat</i> (Frame 494), similar in meaning but distinct in imagery.", "ks": "\" <i>Flesh</i> in all <i>directions</i> \" = <b>obese</b>.", "v": [{"w": "脂肪", "rd": "しぼう", "mn": "fat; grease; blubber; lard; suet", "fr": 13265}], "p": null}, {"k": "扶", "g": 8, "o": 1803, "f": 1879, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "たす.ける", "m": "aid; help; assist", "pm": "aid", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "夫", "nj": "フ", "ne": "husband"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; husband", "hk": "aid", "hs": "Fingers . . . husband.", "ks": "A husband doesn't lift a finger to aid his partner.", "v": [{"w": "扶養", "rd": "ふよう", "mn": "support (e.g. of one's dependents); maintenance", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "扶助", "rd": "ふじょ", "mn": "aid; help; assistance; support", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "戯", "g": 8, "o": 1804, "f": 1880, "j": null, "on": "ギ、ゲ", "kun": "たわむ.れる、ざ.れる、じゃ.れる", "m": "frolic; play; sport", "pm": "frolic", "r": [{"c": "虚", "nj": "キョ", "ne": "void"}, {"c": "戈", "nj": "ほこ", "ne": "spear"}], "hc": "void; tiger; row; fiesta", "hk": "frolic", "hs": "Void . . . fiesta.", "ks": "The fiesta was void. you go on a frolic of your own.", "v": [{"w": "悪戯", "rd": "いたずら", "mn": "mischief; prank; trick; practical joke", "fr": 9453}, {"w": "戯れる", "rd": "たわむれる", "mn": "to be playful; to gambol; to be amused (with something); to play; to sport; to f", "fr": 12022}, {"w": "戯れ", "rd": "たわむれ", "mn": "play; sport; fun; caprice; joke; jest; flirtation", "fr": 14566}, {"w": "遊戯", "rd": "ゆうぎ", "mn": "play; playing; game", "fr": 14599}, {"w": "戯曲", "rd": "ぎきょく", "mn": "drama; play", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "戯画", "rd": "ぎが", "mn": "caricature; cartoon; comics", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "忌", "g": 8, "o": 1805, "f": 1882, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "い.む、い.み、い.まわしい", "m": "mourning; abhor; detestable; death anniversary", "pm": "mourning", "r": [{"c": "己", "nj": "おのれ", "ne": "self"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "snake; self; heart", "hk": "mourning", "hs": "Snake . . . heart.", "ks": "Remember the tale of Cleopatra? She was <b>MOURNING</b> the loss of her Marc Antony, so she placed the asp SNAKE to her HEART.", "v": [{"w": "忌まわしい", "rd": "いまわしい", "mn": "abhorrent; abominable; detestable; disgusting; horrid; repugnant", "fr": 11461}, {"w": "忌避", "rd": "きひ", "mn": "evasion; avoidance; shirking", "fr": 19789}, {"w": "回忌", "rd": "かいき", "mn": "death anniversary; anniversary of a person's death", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "濁", "g": 8, "o": 1806, "f": 1883, "j": null, "on": "ダク、ジョク", "kun": "にご.る、にご.す", "m": "voiced; uncleanness; wrong; nigori; impurity", "pm": "voiced", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "蜀", "nj": "ショク", "ne": "green caterpillar"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; spider; eye; cross-eyed; net; bound up; insect", "hk": "voiced", "hs": "The key word for this kanji connotes the \"muddying\" effect on a soft consonant brought about by vibrating the vocal chords. For example, in English a \"j\" is <b>voiced</b> while a  \"sh\" is unvoiced. In Japanese, the し is changed to じ when it is <b>voiced</b>. The primitives are: <i>water</i> . . . <i>eye</i> . . . <i>bound up</i> . . . <i>insect</i>.", "ks": "The fly is wrapped in a spiderweb voicing \"Help me, Help Me\" under the watchful eye of the spider who's venom is dripping like water from her fangs.", "v": [{"w": "濁る", "rd": "にごる", "mn": "to become muddy; to become cloudy; to become turbid; to become impure (of a liqu", "fr": 7668}, {"w": "濁す", "rd": "にごす", "mn": "to make muddy (of a liquid); to make cloudy; to make turbid; to roil", "fr": 19788}, {"w": "濁流", "rd": "だくりゅう", "mn": "muddy stream", "fr": 20711}, {"w": "汚濁", "rd": "おだく", "mn": "pollution; contamination; corruption; graft", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "奔", "g": 8, "o": 1807, "f": 1884, "j": null, "on": "ホン", "kun": "はし.る", "m": "run; bustle", "pm": "run", "r": [{"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}, {"c": "卉", "nj": "キ", "ne": "grass"}], "hc": "large; St. Bernard; haystack; ten; needle", "hk": "bustle", "hs": "The hustle and <b>bustle</b> of this character is depicted by a <i>St. Bernard dog</i> and a <i>haystack</i>.", "ks": "Hustle and <b>bustle</b> = a big <i>St. Bernard dog</i> frisking about in a <i>haystack</i> , knocking it down and spreading the hay about, after the field hands just stacked it up.", "v": [{"w": "奔走", "rd": "ほんそう", "mn": "running about; making every effort (to do); busying oneself (with); being busily", "fr": 16212}, {"w": "奔放", "rd": "ほんぽう", "mn": "wild; uninhibited; extravagant; rampant", "fr": 17019}, {"w": "狂奔", "rd": "きょうほん", "mn": "rushing around; running wild", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "斗", "g": 8, "o": 1808, "f": 1885, "j": null, "on": "ト、トウ", "kun": "", "m": "Big Dipper; ten sho (vol); sake dipper; dots and cross radical (no. 68)", "pm": "Big Dipper", "r": [{"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "big dipper; measuring cup; big dipper; The Plough; drop; ten; needle", "hk": "Big Dipper", "hs": "The <b>Big Dipper</b> here is of course the constellation of Ursa Major, of which this kanji is a sort of pictographic representation.", "ks": "Since the meaning of \"big dipper\" is rather specific and the sense of measurement seems to be a more common usage, I concentrate on the primative meaning of <b>measuring cup</b>. This is a pictograph, with the first two strokes representing the measuring ticks on the side of the cup.", "v": [{"w": "斗", "rd": "と", "mn": "to", "fr": 23099}], "p": null}, {"k": "迅", "g": 8, "o": 1809, "f": 1888, "j": null, "on": "ジン", "kun": "", "m": "swift; fast", "pm": "swift", "r": [{"c": "卂", "nj": "シン", "ne": "to fly rapidly"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "fishhook; cross; ten; needle; road", "hk": "swift", "hs": "Here we see a <i>crossing</i> in the form of a barbed <i>fishhook</i> , suggesting a <b>swifter</b> alternate not only to the roundabouts used in Europe but also to the  \"cloverleaf\" design used on superhighways in the United States.", "ks": "The car went too <b>swift</b> ly through the crossing and was hooked by the cops.", "v": [{"w": "迅速", "rd": "じんそく", "mn": "(very) quick; rapid; swift; speedy; prompt; expeditious", "fr": 8892}], "p": null}, {"k": "肖", "g": 8, "o": 1810, "f": 1889, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "あやか.る", "m": "resemblance", "pm": "resemblance", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "spark; candle; small; little; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "resemblance", "hs": "The word <b>resemblance</b> should suggest, among other things, a son's <b>resemblance</b> to his father. A  \"chip off the old block\" is the way we often put it, but the character is more simple. It speaks of a <i>little</i> bit of <i>flesh</i>.", "ks": "Using DNA matching, a very little bit of flesh can be used to show the <b>resemblence</b> between family members.", "v": [{"w": "不肖", "rd": "ふしょう", "mn": "unworthy (of one's father, teacher, etc.)", "fr": 18106}, {"w": "肖像", "rd": "しょうぞう", "mn": "portrait; likeness; picture", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鉢", "g": 8, "o": 1811, "f": 1890, "j": null, "on": "ハチ、ハツ", "kun": "", "m": "bowl; rice tub; pot; crown", "pm": "bowl", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "本", "nj": "ホン", "ne": "book"}], "hc": "metal; gold; origin; book; tree; wood; one", "hk": "bowl", "hs": "Let <b>bowl</b> suggest a large and heavy <i>golden</i> <b>bowl</b> into which you are throwing all the <i>books</i> you own to mash them into pulp, for some outrageous reason you will have to think up yourself.", "ks": "If I was begging with a BOWL , I would want GOLD and BOOKS.", "v": [{"w": "鉢", "rd": "はち", "mn": "bowl; pot; basin", "fr": 22948}, {"w": "植木鉢", "rd": "うえきばち", "mn": "flowerpot; plant pot", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "火鉢", "rd": "ひばち", "mn": "brazier; hibachi", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鉢巻", "rd": "はちまき", "mn": "headband", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鉢植え", "rd": "はちうえ", "mn": "potted plant", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "朽", "g": 8, "o": 1812, "f": 1891, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "く.ちる", "m": "decay; rot; remain in seclusion", "pm": "decay", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "丂", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "obstruction of breath (qi) as it seeks release"}], "hc": "tree; wood; snare", "hk": "decay", "hs": "<i>Tree</i> . . . <i>snare</i>. Do not confuse with <i>rot</i> (Frame 1099).", "ks": "枯 wither The decay of an animal in the TREE was from something caught in a SNARE.", "v": [{"w": "不朽", "rd": "ふきゅう", "mn": "everlasting; immortal; eternal; enduring; undying; imperishable", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "老朽", "rd": "ろうきゅう", "mn": "infirmity (due to old age); decrepitude; senility; senescence; superannuation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "殻", "g": 8, "o": 1813, "f": 1892, "j": null, "on": "カク、コク、バイ", "kun": "から、がら", "m": "husk; nut shell", "pm": "husk", "r": [{"c": "壳", "nj": "カク", "ne": "casing"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "samurai; superfluous; crown; wind; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "husk", "hs": "Samurai . . . superfluous . . . missile.", "ks": "Samurai's <b>husk</b> /shell/armour is superflous to missile attacks 甲殻 卵殻 貝殻 .", "v": [{"w": "殻", "rd": "から", "mn": "shell; husk; hull; pod; chaff", "fr": 9295}, {"w": "貝殻", "rd": "かいがら", "mn": "seashell; shell", "fr": 21772}, {"w": "吸い殻", "rd": "すいがら", "mn": "cigarette end; cigarette butt; tobacco ashes", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "地殻", "rd": "ちかく", "mn": "(Earth's) crust", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "地殻変動", "rd": "ちかくへんどう", "mn": "diastrophism (movement and deformation of the earth's crust)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "享", "g": 8, "o": 1814, "f": 1893, "j": null, "on": "キョウ、コウ", "kun": "う.ける", "m": "enjoy; receive; undergo; answer (phone); take; get; catch", "pm": "enjoy", "r": [{"c": "亠", "nj": "なべぶた", "ne": "lid"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "子", "nj": "こ", "ne": "child"}], "hc": "tall; top hat; mouth; children", "hk": "receive", "hs": "<i>Tall children</i> <b>receive</b> more attention. <i>Tall children</i> grow up to make better wide <b>receivers</b>. Take your pick, depending on whether you prefer child psychology or American football. At any rate, be sure you have some particular <i>tall child</i> in mind, someone who really was outstanding and always attracting attention, because he or she will come in handy in the next two frames.", "ks": "In basketball however, tall children <b>receive</b> all the attention.", "v": [{"w": "享受", "rd": "きょうじゅ", "mn": "enjoyment (of freedom, beauty, etc.); reception (of a right, privilege, rank, et", "fr": 17187}], "p": null}, {"k": "藩", "g": 8, "o": 1815, "f": 1896, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "", "m": "clan; enclosure", "pm": "clan", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "潘", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "water in which rice has been washed"}], "hc": "flowers; water; water droplets; water pistol; dice; animal tracks; drop; rice; rice field; brains", "hk": "clan", "hs": "Flowers . . . water . . . dice.", "ks": "In the particular clan depicted by this character, each member has to take his or her turn watering the flowers.", "v": [{"w": "藩", "rd": "はん", "mn": "han (estate of a daimyo in the Edo and early Meiji periods); feudal domain; fief", "fr": 24200}, {"w": "藩主", "rd": "はんしゅ", "mn": "feudal lord; daimyo", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "沙", "g": 8, "o": 1816, "f": 1897, "j": null, "on": "サ、シャ", "kun": "すな、よなげる", "m": "sand", "pm": "sand", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "少", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "few"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; few", "hk": "grains of sand", "hs": "We have already learned the kanji for <i>sand</i> (Frame 122), so let's use it to remember the character for <b>grains of sand</b>. Instead of the  \"few stones\" that make for nice sand, here we have a <i>few drops of water</i> , one for each <b>grand of sand</b> \\- a beach in perfect ecological balance.", "ks": "Each water wave washes away a few grains of sand.", "v": [{"w": "ご無沙汰", "rd": "ごぶさた", "mn": "not writing or contacting for a while; neglecting (failing) to write (call, visi", "fr": 5320}], "p": null}, {"k": "曇", "g": 8, "o": 1817, "f": 1899, "j": null, "on": "ドン", "kun": "くも.る", "m": "cloudy weather; cloud up", "pm": "cloudy weather", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "雲", "nj": "ウン", "ne": "cloud"}], "hc": "sun; day; cloud; rain; weather; rising cloud; two; elbow; wall", "hk": "cloudy weather", "hs": "We refer to days when the <i>sun</i> is covered by the <i>clouds</i> as <b>cloudy weather</b>.", "ks": "<b>Cloudy weather</b> is when a <i>cloud</i> blocks the <i>sun</i> (up above).", "v": [{"w": "曇る", "rd": "くもる", "mn": "to get cloudy; to cloud over; to become overcast", "fr": 5554}, {"w": "曇り", "rd": "くもり", "mn": "cloudiness; cloudy weather", "fr": 10445}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "媒", "g": 8, "o": 1818, "f": 1900, "j": null, "on": "バイ", "kun": "なこうど", "m": "mediator; go-between", "pm": "mediator", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "某", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "so-and-so"}], "hc": "woman; so-and-so; sweet; wicker basket; picnic basket; tree; wood", "hk": "mediator", "hs": "Woman . . . so-and-so.", "ks": "In a divorce, the woman needs a mediator because she won't talk to that so-and- so.", "v": [{"w": "媒体", "rd": "ばいたい", "mn": "medium; media", "fr": 22052}, {"w": "媒介", "rd": "ばいかい", "mn": "mediation; agency; serving as a medium; acting as an intermediary; acting as a g", "fr": 24658}, {"w": "媒酌", "rd": "ばいしゃく", "mn": "matchmaking; acting as a go-between", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "触媒", "rd": "しょくばい", "mn": "catalyst", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鶏", "g": 8, "o": 1819, "f": 1901, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "にわとり、とり", "m": "chicken", "pm": "chicken", "r": [{"c": "奚", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "servant"}, {"c": "鳥", "nj": "とり", "ne": "bird"}], "hc": "claw; vulture; husband; bird", "hk": "chicken", "hs": "Vulture . . . husband . . . bird.", "ks": "The <i>vulture's</i> <i>husband</i> is a <b>chicken</b> …heck…who am I to judge their interspecies love? They're both <i>birds</i> so its cool.", "v": [{"w": "鶏", "rd": "にわとり", "mn": "chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus); domestic chicken", "fr": 8820}, {"w": "鶏肉", "rd": "とりにく", "mn": "chicken meat", "fr": 16088}, {"w": "養鶏", "rd": "ようけい", "mn": "poultry raising; poultry farming; chicken farming", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鶏卵", "rd": "けいらん", "mn": "hen's egg", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "禅", "g": 8, "o": 1820, "f": 1902, "j": null, "on": "ゼン、セン", "kun": "しずか、ゆず.る", "m": "Zen; silent meditation", "pm": "Zen", "r": [{"c": "礻", "nj": "しめすへん", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "単", "nj": "タン", "ne": "simple"}], "hc": "zen; altar; simple; owl; rice field; brains; ten; needle", "hk": "Zen", "hs": "Altar . . . simple.", "ks": "The Zen altar is really simple.", "v": [{"w": "禅", "rd": "ぜん", "mn": "dhyana (profound meditation)", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "座禅", "rd": "ざぜん", "mn": "zazen (seated Zen meditation, usu. in a cross-legged position)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禅僧", "rd": "ぜんそう", "mn": "Zen priest", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禅問答", "rd": "ぜんもんどう", "mn": "Zen dialogue; Zen questions and answers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禅宗", "rd": "ぜんしゅう", "mn": "Zen (Buddhism)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禅寺", "rd": "ぜんでら", "mn": "Zen temple", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "嘱", "g": 8, "o": 1821, "f": 1903, "j": null, "on": "ショク", "kun": "しょく.する、たの.む", "m": "entrust; request; send a message", "pm": "entrust", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "属", "nj": "ゾク", "ne": "belong"}], "hc": "mouth; belong; flag; gnats; drop; insect; belt", "hk": "entrust", "hs": "Mouth . . . belong.", "ks": "If you entrust me with something, my mouth belongs to you.", "v": [{"w": "嘱望", "rd": "しょくぼう", "mn": "having great hopes for (someone's future); expecting much of; pinning one's hope", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "嘱託", "rd": "しょくたく", "mn": "commission; entrusting with (work)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "委嘱", "rd": "いしょく", "mn": "commissioning; entrusting (with); request; appointment (to a position)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "胴", "g": 8, "o": 1822, "f": 1904, "j": null, "on": "ドウ", "kun": "", "m": "trunk; torso; hull (ship); hub of wheel", "pm": "trunk", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "同", "nj": "ドウ", "ne": "same"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; same; monks; hood; one; mouth", "hk": "trunk", "hs": "The word <b>trunk</b> refers to the <i>part of the body</i> that is left when you have \" <b>truncated</b> \" all the limbs. I can hardly think of any reason for doing so, unless one were lumberjacking corpses and needed to have them all properly pruned and made the <i>same</i> so they could be floated downstream without causing a <i>body</i> -jam.", "ks": "The trunk (torso) of everyone's body is mostly the same.", "v": [{"w": "胴体", "rd": "どうたい", "mn": "trunk; torso; body", "fr": 10195}, {"w": "胴", "rd": "どう", "mn": "trunk; torso; body; abdomen; waist", "fr": 12544}, {"w": "胴上げ", "rd": "どうあげ", "mn": "tossing (someone) into the air (in celebration)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "迭", "g": 8, "o": 1823, "f": 1907, "j": null, "on": "テツ", "kun": "", "m": "transfer; alternation", "pm": "transfer", "r": [{"c": "失", "nj": "シツ", "ne": "lose"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "transfer; lose; drop; husband; road", "hk": "alternate", "hs": "To drop . . . road.", "ks": "When you get lost, you just take an <b>alternate</b> road to get back on track.", "v": [{"w": "更迭", "rd": "こうてつ", "mn": "change (of personnel); reshuffle (e.g. of a cabinet); shake-up; dismissal (e.g. ", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "挿", "g": 8, "o": 1824, "f": 1908, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "さ.す、はさ.む", "m": "insert; put in; graft; wear (sword)", "pm": "insert", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "千", "nj": "セン", "ne": "thousand"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; thousand; armour; armor; roots", "hk": "insert", "hs": "<i>Fingers</i> . . . <i>thousand</i> . . . <i>roots</i>. Observe how the writing order does not follow the elements in order, because the final stroke is used for two different elements.", "ks": "A rice farmer's delicate <i>fingers</i> have <b>insert</b> ed <i>1,000 rooted</i> seedlings into his field.", "v": [{"w": "挿入", "rd": "そうにゅう", "mn": "insertion; interposition; interpolation; infixing; (sexual) penetration", "fr": 9042}, {"w": "挿絵", "rd": "さしえ", "mn": "illustration (in a book, newspaper, etc.); picture", "fr": 23995}, {"w": "挿話", "rd": "そうわ", "mn": "episode; side story; story within a story; aside; anecdote", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "嵐", "g": 8, "o": 1825, "f": 1910, "j": null, "on": "ラン", "kun": "あらし", "m": "storm; tempest", "pm": "storm", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "風", "nj": "かぜ", "ne": "wind"}], "hc": "mountain; wind; gnats; drop; insect", "hk": "storm", "hs": "Mountain . . . winds.", "ks": "What a storm! Even a mountain was carried off by the wind!", "v": [{"w": "嵐", "rd": "あらし", "mn": "storm; tempest", "fr": 3325}], "p": null}, {"k": "椎", "g": 8, "o": 1826, "f": 1911, "j": null, "on": "ツイ、スイ", "kun": "つち、う.つ", "m": "chinquapin; mallet; spine", "pm": "chinquapin", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "tree; wood; turkey", "hk": "sweet oak", "hs": "Tree . . . turkey.", "ks": "I always use SWEET OAK WOOD to add flavor to roasted TURKEY.", "v": [{"w": "椎茸", "rd": "しいたけ", "mn": "shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes); shitake", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "陪", "g": 8, "o": 1827, "f": 1917, "j": null, "on": "バイ", "kun": "", "m": "obeisance; follow; accompany; attend on", "pm": "obeisance", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "咅", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "to spit out"}], "hc": "obeisance; pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; muzzle; vase; stand up; mouth", "hk": "auxiliary", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . muzzle.", "ks": "In case of emergency, The Pinnacle has <b>auxiliary</b> guard dogs, but they keep them muzzeled until they're needed.", "v": [{"w": "陪審", "rd": "ばいしん", "mn": "jury", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "剖", "g": 8, "o": 1828, "f": 1918, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "", "m": "divide", "pm": "divide", "r": [{"c": "咅", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "to spit out"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "muzzle; vase; stand up; mouth; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "divide", "hs": "To \" <b>divide</b> and conquer \" you use a <i>saber</i> and a <i>muzzle</i>.", "ks": "Divide and Conquer: Shut 'em Up and Cut 'em Up.", "v": [{"w": "解剖", "rd": "かいぼう", "mn": "dissection; autopsy; postmortem examination", "fr": 13453}, {"w": "解剖学", "rd": "かいぼうがく", "mn": "anatomy", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "譜", "g": 8, "o": 1829, "f": 1919, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "", "m": "musical score; music; note; staff; table; genealogy", "pm": "musical score", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "普", "nj": "フ", "ne": "universal"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; universal; row; sun; day", "hk": "musical score", "hs": "Words . . . universal.", "ks": "<b>Musical score</b> s are in a universal language.", "v": [{"w": "楽譜", "rd": "がくふ", "mn": "score; sheet music", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "年譜", "rd": "ねんぷ", "mn": "chronological record", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "棋譜", "rd": "きふ", "mn": "record of a game of go, shogi, chess, etc.", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "系譜", "rd": "けいふ", "mn": "genealogy; lineage; family tree; pedigree", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "譜面", "rd": "ふめん", "mn": "sheet music; score", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "悠", "g": 8, "o": 1830, "f": 1921, "j": null, "on": "ユウ", "kun": "", "m": "permanence; distant; long time; leisure", "pm": "permanence", "r": [{"c": "攸", "nj": "ユウ", "ne": "relaxed"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "permanence; person; stick; fred astaire; taskmaster; heart", "hk": "remote", "hs": "Person . . . walking stick . . . taskmaster . . . heart.", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> ventured out into a <b>remote</b> area to visit with his wise, old <i>taskmaster</i> who must use a <i>walking stick</i> to get around and originally gave <i>Mr. T</i> the <i>heart</i> to fight crime for the good of the community.", "v": [{"w": "悠長", "rd": "ゆうちょう", "mn": "leisurely; slow; deliberate; easygoing", "fr": 7965}, {"w": "悠々", "rd": "ゆうゆう", "mn": "quiet; calm; leisurely; composed", "fr": 14701}, {"w": "悠久", "rd": "ゆうきゅう", "mn": "eternal; everlasting; perpetual; immemorial", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "淑", "g": 8, "o": 1831, "f": 1922, "j": null, "on": "シュク", "kun": "しと.やか", "m": "graceful; gentle; pure", "pm": "graceful", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "叔", "nj": "シュク", "ne": "uncle"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; uncle; above; small; little; crotch", "hk": "graceful", "hs": "Water . . . uncle.", "ks": "Your uncle’s bellyflop into the water is far from graceful.", "v": [{"w": "淑女", "rd": "しゅくじょ", "mn": "lady", "fr": 17397}, {"w": "淑やか", "rd": "しとやか", "mn": "graceful; ladylike; modest; gentle; polite; quiet; well-mannered; refined (behav", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "淑徳", "rd": "しゅくとく", "mn": "womanly virtues", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "帆", "g": 8, "o": 1832, "f": 1923, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "ほ", "m": "sail", "pm": "sail", "r": [{"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}, {"c": "凡", "nj": "ボン", "ne": "commonplace"}], "hc": "towel; mediocre; drop; wind", "hk": "sail", "hs": "A <b>sail</b> made of a <i>towel</i> makes a <i>mediocre</i> vessel.", "ks": "A towel makes a mediocre sail.", "v": [{"w": "帆", "rd": "ほ", "mn": "sail", "fr": 23850}, {"w": "帆船", "rd": "はんせん", "mn": "sailing ship; sailing boat; sailing vessel", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "帆走", "rd": "はんそう", "mn": "sailing", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "暁", "g": 8, "o": 1833, "f": 1924, "j": null, "on": "ギョウ、キョウ", "kun": "あかつき、さと.る", "m": "daybreak; dawn; in the event", "pm": "daybreak", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "尭", "nj": "ギョウ", "ne": "high"}], "hc": "sun; lofty; strawman; wickerman; haystack; ten; needle; one; human legs", "hk": "daybreak", "hs": "Sun . . . straw man.", "ks": "The <i>sun</i> rising beside a <i>straw man</i> in a corn field is a classic cartoon depiction of <b>daybreak</b>.", "v": [{"w": "暁", "rd": "あかつき", "mn": "dawn; daybreak", "fr": 7512}, {"w": "暁星", "rd": "ぎょうせい", "mn": "morning star; Venus; rarity", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "傑", "g": 8, "o": 1834, "f": 1926, "j": null, "on": "ケツ", "kun": "すぐ.れる", "m": "greatness; excellence", "pm": "greatness", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "桀", "nj": "ケツ", "ne": "measuring box"}], "hc": "person; sunglasses; dancing legs; ballerina; evening; tree; wood", "hk": "greatness", "hs": "Person . . . sunglasses . . . tree.", "ks": "My wise <i>person</i> says <b>greatness</b> does not come from wearing shades ( <i>sunglasses</i> ) but from planting <i>trees</i> to shade everyone.", "v": [{"w": "傑作", "rd": "けっさく", "mn": "masterpiece; masterwork; chef d'oeuvre; fine piece of work", "fr": 9045}, {"w": "傑出", "rd": "けっしゅつ", "mn": "being outstanding; excelling; being foremost", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "豪傑", "rd": "ごうけつ", "mn": "hero; bold person; daring person; great person; extraordinary person", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "奴", "g": 8, "o": 1835, "f": 1932, "j": null, "on": "ド", "kun": "やつ、やっこ", "m": "guy; slave; manservant; fellow", "pm": "guy", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "woman; crotch", "hk": "guy", "hs": "Woman . . . crotch.", "ks": "All I need is a woman next to my crotch. What can I say, I'm a GUY.", "v": [{"w": "奴", "rd": "やつ", "mn": "fellow; guy; chap", "fr": 1524}, {"w": "奴ら", "rd": "やつら", "mn": "they; those guys", "fr": 3234}, {"w": "奴隷", "rd": "どれい", "mn": "slave; servant", "fr": 6122}, {"w": "売国奴", "rd": "ばいこくど", "mn": "traitor (to one's country); quisling", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "誰", "g": 8, "o": 1836, "f": 1933, "j": null, "on": "スイ", "kun": "だれ、たれ、た", "m": "who; someone; somebody", "pm": "who", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "who; say; words; keitai; mouth; turkey", "hk": "who", "hs": "Words . . . turkey.", "ks": "Do you remember that song where they <i>say</i> \" <b>Who</b> let the <i>turkeys</i> out!? Gobble.. gobble.. gobble\"?", "v": [{"w": "誰", "rd": "だれ", "mn": "who", "fr": 131}, {"w": "誰か", "rd": "だれか", "mn": "someone; somebody", "fr": 224}, {"w": "誰も", "rd": "だれも", "mn": "everyone; anyone", "fr": 331}, {"w": "誰にも", "rd": "だれにも", "mn": "to anyone; to everyone", "fr": 806}, {"w": "誰にでも", "rd": "だれにでも", "mn": "anyone; anybody; everyone; whoever", "fr": 4174}, {"w": "誰でも", "rd": "だれでも", "mn": "anyone; anybody; everyone; everybody; whoever", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "錠", "g": 8, "o": 1837, "f": 1934, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ", "kun": "", "m": "lock; fetters; shackles", "pm": "lock", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "定", "nj": "テイ", "ne": "determine"}], "hc": "metal; gold; determine; determined; house; mend", "hk": "lock", "hs": "<i>Metal</i> of itself doesn't <b>lock</b>. It needs to be so <i>determined</i> by a <b>lock</b> smith. Now make a concrete image of that.", "ks": "Even if you <b>lock</b> up your GOLD, a DETERMINED thief will get it in the end.", "v": [{"w": "手錠", "rd": "てじょう", "mn": "handcuffs; manacles", "fr": 12754}, {"w": "錠", "rd": "じょう", "mn": "lock; padlock", "fr": 18612}, {"w": "錠剤", "rd": "じょうざい", "mn": "pill; lozenge; tablet", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "拳", "g": 8, "o": 1838, "f": 1935, "j": null, "on": "ケン、ゲン", "kun": "こぶし", "m": "fist", "pm": "fist", "r": [{"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}, {"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "手", "nj": "て", "ne": "hand"}], "hc": "quarter; hand", "hk": "fist", "hs": "<i>Quarter</i> . . . <i>hand</i>. Be careful to keep this key word distinct from the primitive element of the same meaning we met back in Frame 741.", "ks": "及 fist * His fist is a QUARTER the size of his open HAND.", "v": [{"w": "拳", "rd": "こぶし", "mn": "fist", "fr": 3153}, {"w": "拳銃", "rd": "けんじゅう", "mn": "pistol; handgun", "fr": 7996}, {"w": "拳骨", "rd": "げんこつ", "mn": "(clenched) fist; knuckles", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "遷", "g": 8, "o": 1839, "f": 1937, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "うつ.る、うつ.す、みやこがえ", "m": "transition; move; change", "pm": "transition", "r": [{"c": "覀", "nj": "にし", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}, {"c": "己", "nj": "おのれ", "ne": "self"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "old west; large; St. Bernard; snake; self; road", "hk": "transition", "hs": "West . . . St. Bernard dog . . . snake . . . road.", "ks": "Since the days of the <i>Old West</i> , traveling has <b>transition</b> ed from trying not to step on <i>big snakes</i> to driving on <i>big roads</i>.", "v": [{"w": "変遷", "rd": "へんせん", "mn": "change; transition; vicissitudes", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "左遷", "rd": "させん", "mn": "demotion; relegation; reduction in rank; degradation; downward move", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "遷都", "rd": "せんと", "mn": "relocation of the capital; transfer of the capital", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "拙", "g": 8, "o": 1840, "f": 1938, "j": null, "on": "セツ", "kun": "つたな.い", "m": "bungling; clumsy; unskillful", "pm": "bungling", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "出", "nj": "シュツ", "ne": "exit"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; exit", "hk": "bungling", "hs": "Fingers . . . exit.", "ks": "You were bungling in the darkness and touched the cactus with your fingers. OUCH!!", "v": [{"w": "稚拙", "rd": "ちせつ", "mn": "unskillful; childish; immature; naive; artless; clumsy; crude", "fr": 22351}, {"w": "巧拙", "rd": "こうせつ", "mn": "skill; workmanship; dexterity; quality", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拙劣", "rd": "せつれつ", "mn": "clumsy; unskillful", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "拙速", "rd": "せっそく", "mn": "rough-and-ready; knocked-up; hasty; slipshod; slapdash", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "侍", "g": 8, "o": 1841, "f": 1939, "j": null, "on": "ジ、シ", "kun": "さむらい、はべ.る", "m": "waiter; samurai; wait upon; serve", "pm": "waiter", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "寺", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "Buddhist temple"}], "hc": "person; Buddhist temple; soil; dirt; ground; glue", "hk": "waiter", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>Buddhist temple</i>. The key word is deceptively modern, but the kanji is actually another way of writing  \"samurai.\" Be careful not to confuse with <i>attend</i> (Frame 1033).", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> infiltrates the secret samurai <i>Buddhist temple</i> as a <b>waiter</b> with a tray of green tea. (Careful: [attend](../v4/960.html) (#960 仕)).", "v": [{"w": "侍", "rd": "さむらい", "mn": "warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period); samurai", "fr": 10347}, {"w": "侍女", "rd": "じじょ", "mn": "lady attendant; female servant; lady's maid; waiting maid", "fr": 21715}, {"w": "侍医", "rd": "じい", "mn": "court physician", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "侍従", "rd": "じじゅう", "mn": "chamberlain", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "峠", "g": 8, "o": 1842, "f": 1941, "j": null, "on": "", "kun": "とうげ", "m": "mountain peak; mountain pass; climax; crest; (kokuji)", "pm": "mountain peak", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "上", "nj": "ジョウ", "ne": "above"}, {"c": "下", "nj": "カ", "ne": "below"}], "hc": "mountain; above; below", "hk": "mountain pass", "hs": "Mountain . . . above . . . below.", "ks": "The place on the mountain where you stand above and look down upon all creation is the mountain peak.", "v": [{"w": "峠", "rd": "とうげ", "mn": "(mountain) pass; highest point on a mountain road; ridge", "fr": 19726}], "p": null}, {"k": "篤", "g": 8, "o": 1843, "f": 1942, "j": null, "on": "トク", "kun": "あつ.い", "m": "fervent; kind; cordial; serious; deliberate", "pm": "fervent", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "馬", "nj": "うま", "ne": "horse"}], "hc": "bamboo; team of horses", "hk": "fervent", "hs": "Bamboo . . . team of horses.", "ks": "A <b>fervent</b> horse doesnt need to be whipped with a bamboo stick during a race, it will go fast by itself.", "v": [{"w": "危篤", "rd": "きとく", "mn": "critical condition; being on the verge of death", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "篤志家", "rd": "とくしか", "mn": "charitable person; philanthropist; volunteer; supporter", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "渇", "g": 8, "o": 1844, "f": 1944, "j": null, "on": "カツ", "kun": "かわ.く", "m": "thirst; dry up; parch", "pm": "thirst", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "曷", "nj": "カツ", "ne": "why"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; mexican bandit; muchacho; siesta; sun; day; aroma; bound up; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "thirst", "hs": "As you pass by the muchacho taking the <i>siesta</i> , he cries out that he is <b>thirsty</b> and asks for something to drink. So you turn the <i>water</i> hose on him.", "ks": "You awaken from your <i>siesta</i> because you feel extremely <b>thirst</b> y so you go looking for some <i>water</i>.", "v": [{"w": "渇く", "rd": "かわく", "mn": "to be thirsty; to feel thirsty", "fr": 6844}, {"w": "渇望", "rd": "かつぼう", "mn": "craving; longing; thirsting", "fr": 17135}, {"w": "渇き", "rd": "かわき", "mn": "thirst", "fr": 17458}, {"w": "枯渇", "rd": "こかつ", "mn": "drying up; running dry", "fr": 20993}, {"w": "渇水", "rd": "かっすい", "mn": "water shortage", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "俺", "g": 8, "o": 1845, "f": 1946, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "おれ、われ", "m": "I; myself", "pm": "I", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "奄", "nj": "エン", "ne": "cover"}], "hc": "person; dachshund; large; St. Bernard; eel; sun; day", "hk": "myself", "hs": "The key word refers to a very familiar way of referring to oneself, typically used by men. Its component elements: <i>person</i> . . . <i>St. Bernard</i> . . . <i>eel</i>.", "ks": "<b>Myself</b> as used by men – a <i>person</i> who prides himself on how <i>big</i> his “ <i>eel</i> ” is.", "v": [{"w": "俺", "rd": "おれ", "mn": "I; me", "fr": 50}], "p": null}, {"k": "叔", "g": 8, "o": 1846, "f": 1950, "j": null, "on": "シュク", "kun": "", "m": "uncle; youth", "pm": "uncle", "r": [{"c": "尗", "nj": "シュク", "ne": "younger of brothers"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "above; small; little; crotch", "hk": "uncle", "hs": "Above . . . little . . . crotch.", "ks": "Oh come on people - say what we've all been thinking: the <b>uncle</b> is that creepy guy towering <i>above</i> a <i>little</i> one's <i>crotch</i>.", "v": [{"w": "叔父", "rd": "おじ", "mn": "uncle", "fr": 12729}, {"w": "叔母", "rd": "おば", "mn": "aunt", "fr": 18423}], "p": null}, {"k": "雌", "g": 8, "o": 1847, "f": 1951, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "め-、めす、めん", "m": "feminine; female", "pm": "feminine", "r": [{"c": "此", "nj": "シ", "ne": "this"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "Prince; this here; stop; footprint; spoon; sitting on the ground; turkey", "hk": "female", "hs": "This character for <b>female</b> forms a pair with that for <i>male</i> , which we will learn later (Frame 804). The elements: <i>footprint</i> . . . <i>spoon</i> . . . <i>turkey</i>.", "ks": "To become feminine you must stop using a spoon to eat turkey and use a knife and fork like a proper lady.", "v": [{"w": "雌", "rd": "めす", "mn": "female (animal, plant)", "fr": 16207}, {"w": "雌花", "rd": "めばな", "mn": "female flower; pistillate flower", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雌雄", "rd": "しゆう", "mn": "male and female (animals); the two sexes", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "堪", "g": 8, "o": 1848, "f": 1953, "j": null, "on": "カン、タン", "kun": "た.える、たま.る、こら.える、こた.える", "m": "withstand; endure; support; resist", "pm": "withstand", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "甚", "nj": "ジン", "ne": "tremendously"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; tremendously; bushel basket; hamper; equal; human legs", "hk": "withstand", "hs": "Soil . . . tremendously.", "ks": "Plain old soil can withstand tremendous amounts of pressure.", "v": [{"w": "堪える", "rd": "たえる", "mn": "to bear; to stand; to endure; to put up with", "fr": 5895}, {"w": "堪能", "rd": "たんのう", "mn": "proficient; skilled; skillful; good; accomplished", "fr": 5994}, {"w": "堪らない", "rd": "たまらない", "mn": "intolerable; unbearable; unendurable", "fr": 21615}], "p": null}, {"k": "叙", "g": 8, "o": 1849, "f": 1954, "j": null, "on": "ジョ", "kun": "つい.ず、ついで", "m": "confer; relate; narrate; describe", "pm": "confer", "r": [{"c": "余", "nj": "ヨ", "ne": "too much"}, {"c": "又", "nj": "また", "ne": "again"}], "hc": "scales; too much; umbrella; potato; small; crotch", "hk": "confer", "hs": "<i>Scale</i> . . <i>crotch</i>. The key word has to do with <b>conferring</b> ranks, titles, and awards. It should not be confused with <i>bestow</i> (Frame 1335) or <i>impart</i> (Frame 795).", "ks": "When you confer again 又 , you confer too much 余 !", "v": [{"w": "叙事詩", "rd": "じょじし", "mn": "epic (poem); epic poetry", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "叙勲", "rd": "じょくん", "mn": "conferring of decorations", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "叙情", "rd": "じょじょう", "mn": "lyricism; description of one's feelings", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "叙述", "rd": "じょじゅつ", "mn": "description; account; delineation; narration", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "自叙伝", "rd": "じじょでん", "mn": "autobiography", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "酢", "g": 8, "o": 1850, "f": 1955, "j": null, "on": "サク", "kun": "す", "m": "vinegar; sour; acid; tart", "pm": "vinegar", "r": [{"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}, {"c": "乍", "nj": "サ", "ne": "though"}], "hc": "whiskey bottle; saw", "hk": "vinegar", "hs": "Whiskey bottle . . . saw.", "ks": "Drinking alcohol that's turned to <b>vinegar</b> feels like a saw going down your throat.", "v": [{"w": "酢", "rd": "す", "mn": "vinegar", "fr": 24469}, {"w": "お酢", "rd": "おす", "mn": "vinegar", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "甘酢", "rd": "あまず", "mn": "sweet vinegar", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "酢の物", "rd": "すのもの", "mn": "vinegared dish; pickled dish", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "酢酸", "rd": "さくさん", "mn": "acetic acid", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "吟", "g": 8, "o": 1851, "f": 1956, "j": null, "on": "ギン", "kun": "", "m": "versify; singing; recital", "pm": "versify", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "今", "nj": "コン", "ne": "now"}], "hc": "mouth; now; clock", "hk": "versify", "hs": "As we have already learned characters for <i>poem</i> (Frame 370), <i>chant</i> (Frame 21), and <i>song</i> (Frame 508), it is important to protect this key word with an image all its own. Its elements are the same as those above, only the position has changed: <i>mouth</i> . . . <i>clock</i>.", "ks": "Just imagine a rapper using his mouth to versify with a big clock around his neck.", "v": [{"w": "吟味", "rd": "ぎんみ", "mn": "close examination; careful investigation; close inspection; careful selection; i", "fr": 13541}], "p": null}, {"k": "逓", "g": 8, "o": 1852, "f": 1957, "j": null, "on": "テイ", "kun": "かわ.る、たがいに", "m": "relay; in turn; sending", "pm": "relay", "r": [{"c": "乕", "nj": "コ", "ne": "tiger"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "drag; cornstalk; belt; road", "hk": "parcel post", "hs": "Drag . . . cornstalk . . . belt . . . road.", "ks": "In the ancient parcel post , they just would drag the packages behind them tied to cornstalks woven into a long belt down the road. It was a wonder than anything arrived intact.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "痕", "g": 8, "o": 1853, "f": 1958, "j": null, "on": "コン", "kun": "あと", "m": "mark; foot print", "pm": "mark", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}], "hc": "sickness; hospital; silver", "hk": "scar", "hs": "Sickness . . . silver.", "ks": "I suffer from <i>silver-sickness</i> , that is, if anything made of silver even touches my skin it leaves a <b>scar</b>.", "v": [{"w": "痕跡", "rd": "こんせき", "mn": "trace; vestige; mark; sign; evidence", "fr": 4918}, {"w": "血痕", "rd": "けっこん", "mn": "bloodstain", "fr": 16266}], "p": null}, {"k": "袖", "g": 8, "o": 1854, "f": 1960, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "そで", "m": "sleeve; wing (building); extension; give cold shoulder", "pm": "sleeve", "r": [{"c": "衤", "nj": "ころもへん", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "由", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "wherefore"}], "hc": "cloak; sprout; shoot", "hk": "sleeve", "hs": "Cloak . . . sprout.", "ks": "Sleeve s are just what sprouts out of the sides of garments. Duh.", "v": [{"w": "袖", "rd": "そで", "mn": "sleeve", "fr": 4651}, {"w": "半袖", "rd": "はんそで", "mn": "short sleeves", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "長袖", "rd": "ながそで", "mn": "long sleeves", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "領袖", "rd": "りょうしゅう", "mn": "leader; chief; boss", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "甚", "g": 8, "o": 1855, "f": 1961, "j": null, "on": "ジン", "kun": "はなは.だ、はなは.だしい", "m": "tremendously; very; great; exceedingly", "pm": "tremendously", "r": [{"c": "甘", "nj": "あまい", "ne": "sweet"}, {"c": "匹", "nj": "ヒツ", "ne": "equal"}], "hc": "bushel basket; hamper; equal; human legs", "hk": "tremendously", "hs": "<i>Bushel basket</i> . . . <i>equal</i>. Note how the first stroke of <i>equal</i> doubles up with the sixth stroke of the <i>bushel basket</i> , and how the <i>animal legs</i> of the <i>bushel basket</i> are dropped to make room for the <i>human legs</i> of <i>equal</i>.", "ks": "It's a tremendous match between the two chess-players. They are clearly eachother's equal.", "v": [{"w": "甚だしい", "rd": "はなはだしい", "mn": "extreme; excessive; terrible; intense; severe; serious; tremendous; heavy (damag", "fr": 16302}, {"w": "甚大", "rd": "じんだい", "mn": "very great; enormous; serious", "fr": 16817}, {"w": "甚だ", "rd": "はなはだ", "mn": "very; greatly; extremely; exceedingly; highly; quite", "fr": 22304}, {"w": "激甚", "rd": "げきじん", "mn": "intense; violent; severe; vehement", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "妖", "g": 8, "o": 1856, "f": 1964, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "あや.しい、なま.めく、わざわ.い", "m": "attractive; bewitching; calamity", "pm": "attractive", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "夭", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "early death"}], "hc": "woman; sapling", "hk": "bewitched", "hs": "You are <b>bewitched</b>  by a <i>woman</i> who is, of course, a <i>witch</i>.", "ks": "I was bewitched by the woman fairy (like an angel, but not as tall).", "v": [{"w": "妖精", "rd": "ようせい", "mn": "fairy; sprite; elf", "fr": 7565}, {"w": "妖怪", "rd": "ようかい", "mn": "ghost; apparition; phantom; spectre; specter; demon; monster; goblin; yōkai", "fr": 7959}], "p": null}, {"k": "闇", "g": 8, "o": 1857, "f": 1969, "j": null, "on": "アン、オン", "kun": "やみ、くら.い", "m": "get dark; gloom; disorder", "pm": "get dark", "r": [{"c": "門", "nj": "もんがまえ", "ne": "gate"}, {"c": "音", "nj": "おと", "ne": "sound"}], "hc": "gates; sound; vase; stand up; sun; day", "hk": "pitch dark", "hs": "Gates . . . sound.", "ks": "Through the gates of hell there is no sound, no light, its all <b>pitch dark</b>.", "v": [{"w": "闇", "rd": "やみ", "mn": "darkness; the dark", "fr": 1652}, {"w": "暗闇", "rd": "くらやみ", "mn": "darkness; the dark", "fr": 3622}, {"w": "無闇に", "rd": "むやみに", "mn": "thoughtlessly; recklessly; rashly; indiscriminately; indiscreetly; at random", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "崇", "g": 8, "o": 1858, "f": 1970, "j": null, "on": "スウ", "kun": "あが.める", "m": "adore; respect; revere; worship", "pm": "adore", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "宗", "nj": "シュウ", "ne": "religion"}], "hc": "mountain; religion; house; altar; show; two; small", "hk": "adore", "hs": "Mountain . . . religion.", "ks": "In ancient Greece, it was the religion of the time to <b>adore</b> the gods who live on Mount Olympus.", "v": [{"w": "崇高", "rd": "すうこう", "mn": "lofty; sublime; noble", "fr": 14826}, {"w": "崇拝", "rd": "すうはい", "mn": "worship; adoration; admiration; cult", "fr": 16166}], "p": null}, {"k": "漆", "g": 8, "o": 1859, "f": 1971, "j": null, "on": "シツ", "kun": "うるし", "m": "lacquer; varnish; seven", "pm": "lacquer", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "氺", "nj": "したみず", "ne": "water"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; tree; wood; umbrella; grains of rice", "hk": "lacquer", "hs": "Water . . . tree . . . umbrella . . . grains of rice.", "ks": "Water falls from the trees onto my lacquer umbrella and bounces and beads off like grains of rice.", "v": [{"w": "漆黒", "rd": "しっこく", "mn": "jet-black; pitch-dark; raven-black; stygian", "fr": 9742}, {"w": "漆", "rd": "うるし", "mn": "East Asian lacquer; japan", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漆器", "rd": "しっき", "mn": "lacquer ware; lacquerware; lacquer work; lacquerwork", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漆塗り", "rd": "うるしぬり", "mn": "lacquering; lacquer ware", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "岬", "g": 8, "o": 1860, "f": 1972, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "みさき", "m": "headland; cape; spit; promontory", "pm": "headland", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "甲", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "armor"}], "hc": "mountain; armour; armor; roots", "hk": "headland", "hs": "Like the <i>cape</i> (Frame 164) and the <i>promontory</i> (Frame 840), the <b>headland</b> refers to a jut of land. Its elements: <i>mountain</i> . . . <i>roots</i>.", "ks": "A mountain that has been pushed into the sea.", "v": [{"w": "岬", "rd": "みさき", "mn": "cape (on coast)", "fr": 20204}], "p": null}, {"k": "癖", "g": 8, "o": 1861, "f": 1973, "j": null, "on": "ヘキ", "kun": "くせ、くせ.に", "m": "mannerism; habit; vice; trait; fault; kink", "pm": "mannerism", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "辟", "nj": "ヘキ", "ne": "false"}], "hc": "sickness; hospital; ketchup; flag; mouth; spicy; stand up; vase; ten; needle", "hk": "mannerism", "hs": "Sickness . . . ketchup.", "ks": "<i>Caveman</i> has a bad <b>mannerism</b> of putting <i>ketchup</i> on everything he eats. I guess that's ok since raw mammoth can't be too good…", "v": [{"w": "癖", "rd": "くせ", "mn": "habit (usu. a bad one); tendency", "fr": 3040}, {"w": "口癖", "rd": "くちぐせ", "mn": "pet saying; favorite phrase; stock phrase; catchphrase", "fr": 10853}, {"w": "性癖", "rd": "せいへき", "mn": "disposition; inclination; characteristic; idiosyncrasy; propensity", "fr": 11413}, {"w": "潔癖", "rd": "けっぺき", "mn": "fastidiousness; love of cleanliness", "fr": 23170}, {"w": "癖に", "rd": "くせに", "mn": "and yet; though; when; in spite of", "fr": 24581}], "p": null}, {"k": "愉", "g": 8, "o": 1862, "f": 1974, "j": null, "on": "ユ", "kun": "たの.しい、たの.しむ", "m": "pleasure; happy; rejoice", "pm": "pleasure", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "兪", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "affirmative response"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; meeting; umbrella; butchers; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "pleasure", "hs": "<i>State of mind</i> . . . <i>butchers</i> (See frame 307).", "ks": "At the <i>meeting of butchers</i> , in their narrow <i>state of mind</i> , they throw lame jokes around like, 'Oh hello, it's a <b>pleasure</b> to <i>meat</i> you', and find this rather pleasing.", "v": [{"w": "愉快", "rd": "ゆかい", "mn": "pleasant; delightful; enjoyable; joyful; cheerful; amusing; happy", "fr": 5040}, {"w": "不愉快", "rd": "ふゆかい", "mn": "unpleasant; disagreeable; displeasing; uncomfortable; unhappy", "fr": 5930}], "p": null}, {"k": "捉", "g": 8, "o": 1863, "f": 1976, "j": null, "on": "ソク、サク", "kun": "とら.える", "m": "catch; capture", "pm": "catch", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "足", "nj": "あし", "ne": "foot"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; leg; mouth; mend", "hk": "nab", "hs": "Fingers . . . leg.", "ks": "I felt a <i>finger</i> on my <i>leg</i> as someone tried to <b>nab</b> my wallet.", "v": [{"w": "捉える", "rd": "とらえる", "mn": "to catch; to capture; to seize; to arrest; to grab; to catch hold of", "fr": 3356}], "p": null}, {"k": "礁", "g": 8, "o": 1864, "f": 1977, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "", "m": "reef; sunken rock", "pm": "reef", "r": [{"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}, {"c": "焦", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "char"}], "hc": "stone; rock; char; turkey; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "reef", "hs": "Rocks . . . char.", "ks": "<b>Reef</b> s are often formed from volcanic rock, or \"rock that has been charred\".", "v": [{"w": "岩礁", "rd": "がんしょう", "mn": "reef", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "暗礁", "rd": "あんしょう", "mn": "reef; sunken rock", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "環礁", "rd": "かんしょう", "mn": "atoll; circular coral reef", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "屯", "g": 8, "o": 1865, "f": 1980, "j": null, "on": "トン", "kun": "たむろ", "m": "barracks; police station; camp; ton", "pm": "barracks", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "屮", "nj": "くさのめ", "ne": "sprout"}], "hc": "earthworm; drop; shovel; fishhook", "hk": "barracks", "hs": "", "ks": "The game characters from <i>Worms</i> sleep in their <b>barracks</b> at night.", "v": [{"w": "駐屯", "rd": "ちゅうとん", "mn": "stationing (troops); garrisoning", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "姻", "g": 8, "o": 1866, "f": 1985, "j": null, "on": "イン", "kun": "", "m": "matrimony; marry", "pm": "matrimony", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "因", "nj": "イン", "ne": "cause"}], "hc": "woman; cause; pent in; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "matrimony", "hs": "<i>Woman</i> . . . <i>cause</i>. Think here of the  \"state of <b>matrimony</b> \" and you will not confuse it with other characters involving marriage, one of which we have already met (Frame 581).", "ks": "<b>Matrimony</b> is the state in which the <i>woman</i> has got you <i>pent</i> <i>in</i> like a <i>dog</i> so that you cannot go after other bitches.", "v": [{"w": "婚姻", "rd": "こんいん", "mn": "marriage; matrimony", "fr": 16203}], "p": null}, {"k": "賭", "g": 8, "o": 1867, "f": 1989, "j": null, "on": "ト", "kun": "か.ける、かけ", "m": "gamble; wager; bet", "pm": "gamble", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "者", "nj": "シャ", "ne": "someone"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; someone; puppet; sooty; old man; sun; day", "hk": "gamble", "hs": "Shells/money . . . puppet.", "ks": "When we <b>gamble</b> at the <i>shell</i> game, I always win against my <i>love doll</i>.", "v": [{"w": "賭ける", "rd": "かける", "mn": "to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble", "fr": 3219}, {"w": "賭け", "rd": "かけ", "mn": "bet; wager; stake; gamble", "fr": 5471}], "p": null}, {"k": "擬", "g": 8, "o": 1868, "f": 1990, "j": null, "on": "ギ", "kun": "まが.い、もど.き", "m": "mimic; aim (a gun) at; nominate; imitate", "pm": "mimic", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "疑", "nj": "ギ", "ne": "doubt"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; doubt; spoon; sitting on the ground; dart; drop; heavens; chop-seal; hanko; zoo; critters", "hk": "mimic", "hs": "Fingers . . . doubt.", "ks": "Ask a <b>MIMIC</b> to give an impression of DOUBT, and he will no DOUBT scratch his head with his FINGER.", "v": [{"w": "模擬", "rd": "もぎ", "mn": "imitation", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "模擬試験", "rd": "もぎしけん", "mn": "mock exam; practice exam; practice test", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "塀", "g": 8, "o": 1869, "f": 1991, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ、ベイ", "kun": "", "m": "fence; wall; (kokuji)", "pm": "fence", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "屏", "nj": "ヘイ", "ne": "wall"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; folding screen; flag; puzzle; horns; two hands", "hk": "fence", "hs": "Soil . . . flag . . . puzzle.", "ks": "Why the Earth has to be fence d off and flags used to represent each \"country\" is a puzzle to me - we're all just monkeys on a big rock spinning round the Sun!", "v": [{"w": "塀", "rd": "へい", "mn": "wall", "fr": 11013}, {"w": "土塀", "rd": "どべい", "mn": "mud wall; earthen wall; plaster wall", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "唇", "g": 8, "o": 1870, "f": 1992, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "くちびる", "m": "lips", "pm": "lips", "r": [{"c": "辰", "nj": "しんのたつ", "ne": "Fifth zodiac sign"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "sign of the dragon; cliff; two; hairpin; safety-pin; mouth", "hk": "lips", "hs": "Sign of the dragon . . . mouth.", "ks": "I love <i>Bruce Lee</i> dubbing. His <b>lips</b> move, but sometimes words don't come out of his <i>mouth</i>.", "v": [{"w": "唇", "rd": "くちびる", "mn": "lip; lips", "fr": 2501}, {"w": "下唇", "rd": "したくちびる", "mn": "lower lip", "fr": 18883}, {"w": "上唇", "rd": "うわくちびる", "mn": "upper lip", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "睦", "g": 8, "o": 1871, "f": 1993, "j": null, "on": "ボク、モク", "kun": "むつ.まじい、むつ.む、むつ.ぶ", "m": "intimate; friendly; harmonious", "pm": "intimate", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "儿", "nj": "ひとあし", "ne": "human legs"}], "hc": "eye; mini-tractor; rice seedlings; soil; dirt; ground; human legs", "hk": "intimate", "hs": "Eye . . . rice seedlings . . . ground.", "ks": "I keep an <b>intimate</b> relationship with my rice seedlings – I never take my eye from the soil.", "v": [{"w": "親睦", "rd": "しんぼく", "mn": "friendship; amity", "fr": 17038}], "p": null}, {"k": "閑", "g": 8, "o": 1872, "f": 1994, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "", "m": "leisure", "pm": "leisure", "r": [{"c": "門", "nj": "もんがまえ", "ne": "gate"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "gates; tree; wood", "hk": "leisure", "hs": "Gates . . . tree.", "ks": "Getting wood watching lesbians is my idea of leisure time.", "v": [{"w": "長閑", "rd": "のどか", "mn": "tranquil; calm; quiet; peaceful; serene", "fr": 14017}, {"w": "閑散", "rd": "かんさん", "mn": "deserted (esp. store, market, town, streets); quiet; still; hushed; empty", "fr": 18422}, {"w": "等閑", "rd": "なおざり", "mn": "neglect; negligence; disregard; making light of", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "農閑期", "rd": "のうかんき", "mn": "slack season for farmers; leisure season for farmers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "閑静", "rd": "かんせい", "mn": "quiet (e.g. neighbourhood); peaceful; tranquil", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "幽", "g": 8, "o": 1873, "f": 1996, "j": null, "on": "ユウ", "kun": "ふか.い、かす.か、くら.い、しろ.い", "m": "seclude; confine to a room; deep; profound; secluded; faint; dark; tranquil; calm", "pm": "seclude", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "幺", "nj": "いとがしら", "ne": "young"}], "hc": "seclude; cocoon; mountain", "hk": "faint", "hs": "<i>Two cocoons</i> . . . <i>mountain</i>. Observe how the two vertical strokes of <i>the mountain</i> are extended upwards to serve as a kind of enclosure.", "ks": "The villagers haven't the <b>faint</b> est idea that giant <i>coccoons</i> resting in the <i>mountain</i> are soon to hatch.", "v": [{"w": "幽霊", "rd": "ゆうれい", "mn": "ghost; specter; spectre; apparition; phantom", "fr": 3657}, {"w": "幽閉", "rd": "ゆうへい", "mn": "confinement; imprisonment; incarceration", "fr": 19122}], "p": null}, {"k": "曹", "g": 8, "o": 1874, "f": 1998, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、ゾウ", "kun": "", "m": "office; official; comrade; fellow", "pm": "office", "r": [{"c": "曲", "nj": "キョク", "ne": "bend"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "one; bend; sun; day", "hk": "cadet", "hs": "This character is written in the order of its elements: <i>one</i> . . . <i>bend</i> . . . <i>sun</i>.", "ks": "Bender lasted just one day in the space cadet s.", "v": [{"w": "法曹", "rd": "ほうそう", "mn": "legal profession; judicial officer; lawyer; attorney", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "法曹界", "rd": "ほうそうかい", "mn": "legal circles", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "詠", "g": 8, "o": 1875, "f": 2000, "j": null, "on": "エイ", "kun": "よ.む、うた.う", "m": "recitation; poem; song; composing", "pm": "recitation", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "永", "nj": "エイ", "ne": "eternity"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; eternity; drop; water", "hk": "recitation", "hs": "Listening to the <i>words</i> of poets <b>reciting</b> their poetry is like being transported for a moment into <i>eternity</i> where the rules of everyday life have been suspended.", "ks": "If you study some <i>words</i> for a <b>recitation</b> , there is a good chance they will be stuck in your memory for all <i>eternity</i>.", "v": [{"w": "朗詠", "rd": "ろうえい", "mn": "recitation (of Japanese or Chinese poem)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "詠む", "rd": "よむ", "mn": "to compose (a Japanese poem); to write; to use as the theme of a poem", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "卑", "g": 8, "o": 1876, "f": 2003, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "いや.しい、いや.しむ、いや.しめる", "m": "lowly; base; vile; vulgar; despise", "pm": "lowly", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "十", "nj": "じゅう", "ne": "ten"}], "hc": "Wayne Slob; drop; rice field; brains; cornucopia; ten; needle", "hk": "lowly", "hs": "A drop of . . . brains . . . cornucopia.", "ks": "A <b>LOWLY</b> single rice grain, DROPPED in an empty FIELD, can produce a CORNUCOPIA of food.", "v": [{"w": "卑怯", "rd": "ひきょう", "mn": "cowardly; craven", "fr": 4128}, {"w": "卑劣", "rd": "ひれつ", "mn": "mean; contemptible; despicable; dirty; foul; cowardly; base", "fr": 8994}, {"w": "卑屈", "rd": "ひくつ", "mn": "servile; subservient; obsequious; slavish; self-abasing; grovelling; spineless", "fr": 12232}, {"w": "卑しい", "rd": "いやしい", "mn": "lowborn; humble; lowly", "fr": 13953}, {"w": "男尊女卑", "rd": "だんそんじょひ", "mn": "male domination of women; male chauvinism; subjection of women", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "侮", "g": 8, "o": 1877, "f": 2004, "j": null, "on": "ブ", "kun": "あなど.る、あなず.る", "m": "scorn; despise; make light of; contempt", "pm": "scorn", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "毎", "nj": "マイ", "ne": "every"}], "hc": "person; every; reclining; lying down; mother; breasts", "hk": "scorn", "hs": "Every . . . person.", "ks": "Mr. T has scorn for every fool.", "v": [{"w": "侮る", "rd": "あなどる", "mn": "to disdain; to look down on; to make light of; to hold in contempt; to scorn; to", "fr": 6616}, {"w": "侮辱", "rd": "ぶじょく", "mn": "insult; affront; slight; contempt (e.g. of court)", "fr": 6712}, {"w": "侮蔑", "rd": "ぶべつ", "mn": "scorn; disdain; contempt; slight", "fr": 17695}], "p": null}, {"k": "鋳", "g": 8, "o": 1878, "f": 2005, "j": null, "on": "チュウ、イ、シュ、シュウ", "kun": "い.る", "m": "casting; mint", "pm": "casting", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "寿", "nj": "ジュ", "ne": "longevity"}], "hc": "metal; gold; longevity; bushes; glue", "hk": "casting", "hs": "<i>Metal</i> . . . <i>longevity</i>. As you probably guessed from the elements, the key word refers to the <b>casting</b> of metals.", "ks": "We take a casting because metal will have much greater longevity than the original.", "v": [{"w": "鋳る", "rd": "いる", "mn": "to cast; to mint; to coin", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鋳型", "rd": "いがた", "mn": "mold; mould; template", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鋳物", "rd": "いもの", "mn": "casting; cast-metal object", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鋳造", "rd": "ちゅうぞう", "mn": "casting; founding; minting", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "抹", "g": 8, "o": 1879, "f": 2006, "j": null, "on": "マツ", "kun": "", "m": "rub; paint; erase", "pm": "rub", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "末", "nj": "マツ", "ne": "end"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; extremity; one; tree; wood", "hk": "rub", "hs": "Fingers . . . extremity.", "ks": "Picture Mr. Burn's rub bing the extremities of his fingers together and saying \"excellent…\".", "v": [{"w": "抹殺", "rd": "まっさつ", "mn": "erasure; obliteration", "fr": 10488}, {"w": "抹消", "rd": "まっしょう", "mn": "erasure; striking off; crossing out; cancellation; deletion", "fr": 16087}, {"w": "一抹", "rd": "いちまつ", "mn": "a touch (of sadness, unease, etc.); a tinge (of); a hint (of); a wreath (of smok", "fr": 16100}, {"w": "抹茶", "rd": "まっちゃ", "mn": "matcha; powdered green tea", "fr": 19927}], "p": null}, {"k": "尉", "g": 8, "o": 1880, "f": 2007, "j": null, "on": "イ、ジョウ", "kun": "", "m": "military officer; jailer; old man; rank", "pm": "military officer", "r": [{"c": "尸", "nj": "しかばね", "ne": "corpse"}, {"c": "示", "nj": "しめす", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "flag; altar; show; two; small; glue", "hk": "military officer", "hs": "Flag . . . altar . . . glue.", "ks": "Of course it had to be the <b>military officer</b> 's idea to <i>glue</i> a <i>national flag</i> to the <i>altar</i> he's stationed at.", "v": [{"w": "中尉", "rd": "ちゅうい", "mn": "first lieutenant; lieutenant junior grade", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "大尉", "rd": "たいい", "mn": "captain (Army, US Marine Corps, USAF); lieutenant (Navy); flight lieutenant (RAF", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "少尉", "rd": "しょうい", "mn": "second lieutenant; sublieutenant; ensign", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "隷", "g": 8, "o": 1881, "f": 2009, "j": null, "on": "レイ", "kun": "したが.う、しもべ", "m": "slave; servant; prisoner; criminal; follower", "pm": "slave", "r": [{"c": "士", "nj": "さむらい", "ne": "man"}, {"c": "示", "nj": "しめす", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "隶", "nj": "れいづくり", "ne": "to capture"}], "hc": "samurai; altar; show; two; small; sieve; rake; grains of rice", "hk": "slave", "hs": "", "ks": "The <i>samurai</i> sits on the <i>altar</i> and watches the <b>slave</b> <i>rake rice</i> all day.", "v": [{"w": "奴隷", "rd": "どれい", "mn": "slave; servant", "fr": 6122}], "p": null}, {"k": "禍", "g": 8, "o": 1882, "f": 2010, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "わざわい", "m": "calamity; misfortune; evil; curse", "pm": "calamity", "r": [{"c": "礻", "nj": "しめすへん", "ne": "altar"}, {"c": "咼", "nj": "カイ", "ne": "crooked mouth"}], "hc": "altar; jawbone; joint; hood; mouth", "hk": "calamity", "hs": "Altar . . . jawbone.", "ks": "Truely a calamity for an undead wedding, just as he may kiss the bride at the altar , he loses his jawbone.", "v": [{"w": "コロナ禍", "rd": "コロナか", "mn": "COVID-19 pandemic; coronavirus crisis; COVID-19 crisis", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "戦禍", "rd": "せんか", "mn": "war damage; ravages of war; horrors of war", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "禍根", "rd": "かこん", "mn": "root of an evil; source of a problem; source of trouble; cause of misfortune", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "酪", "g": 8, "o": 1883, "f": 2012, "j": null, "on": "ラク", "kun": "", "m": "dairy products; whey; broth; fruit juice", "pm": "dairy products", "r": [{"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}, {"c": "各", "nj": "カク", "ne": "each"}], "hc": "whiskey bottle; each; walking legs; mouth", "hk": "dairy products", "hs": "Whiskey bottle . . . each.", "ks": "To stay healthy, Dr. Phil told me to have some <b>dairy products</b> with each bottle of whiskey I drink…", "v": [{"w": "酪農", "rd": "らくのう", "mn": "dairy farming", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "茎", "g": 8, "o": 1884, "f": 2013, "j": null, "on": "ケイ、キョウ", "kun": "くき", "m": "stalk; stem", "pm": "stalk", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "圣", "nj": "コツ", "ne": "holy"}], "hc": "flowers; spool; clod; toilet paper; crotch; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "stalk", "hs": "Flower . . . spool.", "ks": "A flower 's stalk can be seen as connecting the flower to the soil , or again the soil to the flower. It depends on how you look at it.", "v": [{"w": "茎", "rd": "くき", "mn": "stalk; stem", "fr": 18881}], "p": null}, {"k": "汎", "g": 8, "o": 1885, "f": 2014, "j": null, "on": "ハン、ブ、フウ、ホウ、ホン", "kun": "ただよ.う、ひろ.い", "m": "pan-", "pm": "pan-", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "凡", "nj": "ボン", "ne": "commonplace"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; mediocre; wind; drop", "hk": "pan-", "hs": "The sense of the key word here is the \"all-inclusive\" we find in terms like \" <b>Pan-</b> American Games.\" (It is also the character used in mathematics for \"partial\" as in partial differentials, in case you are a math major and want to take your story in that direction.) Instead of a <i>water</i> sports event that brings together the best talent, think of a meet of the region's most <i>mediocre</i> athletes, many of whom cannot even tread <i>water</i>. Now try to find a sponsor for the  \" <b>Pan-</b> <i>Mediocre</i> <i>Water</i> Sports Competition. \"", "ks": "After Pan -Am crashed yet another plane into the water , their reputation dropped to mediocre.", "v": [{"w": "汎", "rd": "はん", "mn": "pan-", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "汎用", "rd": "はんよう", "mn": "generic; general purpose; all-purpose", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "頃", "g": 8, "o": 1886, "f": 2015, "j": null, "on": "ケイ、キョウ", "kun": "ころ、ごろ、しばら.く", "m": "time; about; toward", "pm": "time", "r": [{"c": "匕", "nj": "さじ", "ne": "spoon"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "spoon; sitting on the ground; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "about that time", "hs": "When Uncle Bob starts his comic routine of sticking <i>spoons</i> on his <i>head</i> , you know it is <b>about that time</b>  to come up with a reason to excuse yourself.", "ks": "About that time to sit down and get some head.", "v": [{"w": "頃", "rd": "ころ", "mn": "(approximate) time; around; about; toward", "fr": 696}, {"w": "今頃", "rd": "いまごろ", "mn": "about this time; about now", "fr": 1910}, {"w": "子供の頃", "rd": "こどものころ", "mn": "(time of) one's childhood; when one was a child", "fr": 3276}, {"w": "小さい頃", "rd": "ちいさいころ", "mn": "as a child; when one was a child", "fr": 3782}, {"w": "年頃", "rd": "としごろ", "mn": "approximate age; apparent age", "fr": 4039}, {"w": "日頃", "rd": "ひごろ", "mn": "usually; habitually; always", "fr": 5272}, {"w": "近頃", "rd": "ちかごろ", "mn": "lately; recently; nowadays", "fr": 6511}, {"w": "若い頃", "rd": "わかいころ", "mn": "one's youth; early life; one's early days; one's early years", "fr": 7155}, {"w": "この頃", "rd": "このごろ", "mn": "these days; nowadays; now; at present; recently; lately", "fr": 10813}, {"w": "いつ頃", "rd": "いつごろ", "mn": "about when; about what time; how soon", "fr": 12130}, {"w": "今日この頃", "rd": "きょうこのごろ", "mn": "these days; nowadays; recently", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "帥", "g": 8, "o": 1887, "f": 2016, "j": null, "on": "スイ", "kun": "", "m": "commander; leading troops; governor", "pm": "commander", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}], "hc": "maestro; towel", "hk": "commander", "hs": "Maestro . . . towel.", "ks": "The <b>COMMANDER</b> is a military MAESTRO who never throws in the TOWEL.", "v": [{"w": "元帥", "rd": "げんすい", "mn": "(field) marshal; (fleet) admiral; general of the army", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "統帥", "rd": "とうすい", "mn": "supreme command; high command", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "総帥", "rd": "そうすい", "mn": "commander-in-chief; leader; head of a group of companies", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "逝", "g": 8, "o": 1888, "f": 2018, "j": null, "on": "セイ", "kun": "ゆ.く、い.く", "m": "departed; die", "pm": "departed", "r": [{"c": "折", "nj": "セツ", "ne": "fold"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "fold; finger; fingers; axe; road", "hk": "departed", "hs": "The connotation is of a \"dearly <b>departed</b> \" who has passed away. The elements: <i>fold</i> . . . <i>road</i>.", "ks": "The departed are those who have crossed that fold you cannot see past in the road we all walk.", "v": [{"w": "急逝", "rd": "きゅうせい", "mn": "sudden death; unexpected death", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "逝去", "rd": "せいきょ", "mn": "death; passing", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "滴", "g": 8, "o": 1889, "f": 2019, "j": null, "on": "テキ", "kun": "しずく、したた.る", "m": "drip; drop", "pm": "drip", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "啇", "nj": "テキ", "ne": "the stalk"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; antique; vase; stand up; hood; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "drip", "hs": "Picture <i>water</i> <b>dripping</b> on what you thought were precious <i>antiques</i> , only to find that the artificial aging painted on them is running!", "ks": "The antique faucet DRIPS water.", "v": [{"w": "水滴", "rd": "すいてき", "mn": "drop of water", "fr": 10823}, {"w": "滴", "rd": "しずく", "mn": "drop (e.g. of water); drip", "fr": 17257}, {"w": "点滴", "rd": "てんてき", "mn": "raindrops; falling drop of water", "fr": 17782}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "謎", "g": 8, "o": 1890, "f": 2021, "j": null, "on": "メイ、ベイ", "kun": "なぞ", "m": "riddle; puzzle; enigma; hint; tip", "pm": "riddle", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "迷", "nj": "メイ", "ne": "astray"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; astray; rice; road", "hk": "riddle", "hs": "Words . . . astray.", "ks": "<i>Words</i> meant to lead you <i>astray</i> are those of a <b>riddle</b>.", "v": [{"w": "謎", "rd": "なぞ", "mn": "riddle; puzzle; enigma; mystery", "fr": 1483}, {"w": "謎々", "rd": "なぞなぞ", "mn": "riddle; puzzle; enigma", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "匿", "g": 8, "o": 1891, "f": 2024, "j": null, "on": "トク", "kun": "かくま.う", "m": "hide; shelter; shield", "pm": "hide", "r": [{"c": "匸", "nj": "かくしがまえ", "ne": "to conceal"}, {"c": "若", "nj": "ジャク", "ne": "young"}], "hc": "box; young; flowers; right; by one’s side; mouth", "hk": "hide", "hs": "Box . . . young.", "ks": "<i>Young</i> kids likes to <b>hide</b> in <i>cardboard boxes</i>. (Primitive: <i>CARDBOARD BOX</i> , especially kids playing with them.).", "v": [{"w": "匿名", "rd": "とくめい", "mn": "anonymity; using an assumed name", "fr": 14705}, {"w": "隠匿", "rd": "いんとく", "mn": "concealment (esp. of wrongdoings or criminals); sheltering; harboring", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "爪", "g": 8, "o": 1892, "f": 2025, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "つめ、つま-", "m": "claw; nail; talon", "pm": "claw", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}], "hc": "vulture", "hk": "claw", "hs": "This character is a pictograph of a bird's <b>claw</b> , and from there comes to mean animal <b>claws</b> in general (including human fingernails).", "ks": "A pictograph of Wolverine's adamantium <b>claw</b> s.", "v": [{"w": "爪", "rd": "つめ", "mn": "nail (e.g. fingernail, toenail); claw; talon; hoof", "fr": 3175}, {"w": "爪切り", "rd": "つめきり", "mn": "nail clippers", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "爪楊枝", "rd": "つまようじ", "mn": "toothpick", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鍵", "g": 8, "o": 1893, "f": 2029, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "かぎ", "m": "key", "pm": "key", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "建", "nj": "ケン", "ne": "build"}], "hc": "metal; gold; build; brush; stretch", "hk": "key", "hs": "The <i>golden</i> <b>key</b> you have been presented by the mayor gives you access to all the <i>buildings</i>  in the city.", "ks": "They use metal to build key s.", "v": [{"w": "鍵", "rd": "かぎ", "mn": "key", "fr": 1260}, {"w": "鍵盤", "rd": "けんばん", "mn": "keyboard (of a piano, typewriter, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "襟", "g": 8, "o": 1894, "f": 2030, "j": null, "on": "キン", "kun": "えり", "m": "collar; neck; lapel; one's inner feelings", "pm": "collar", "r": [{"c": "衤", "nj": "ころもへん", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "禁", "nj": "キン", "ne": "prohibition"}], "hc": "cloak; prohibition; grove; tree; wood; altar; show; two; small", "hk": "collar", "hs": "Cloak . . . prohibition.", "ks": "Dress code: all cloaks without collar s are prohibited.", "v": [{"w": "襟", "rd": "えり", "mn": "collar; lapel; neckband; neck", "fr": 11016}, {"w": "襟元", "rd": "えりもと", "mn": "(around the) neck; nape", "fr": 18085}, {"w": "胸襟", "rd": "きょうきん", "mn": "one's heart", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "襟巻き", "rd": "えりまき", "mn": "scarf (esp. one worn for warmth); muffler", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "蛍", "g": 8, "o": 1895, "f": 2031, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "ほたる", "m": "lightning-bug; firefly", "pm": "lightning-bug", "r": [{"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}], "hc": "lightning-bug; schoolhouse; owl; crown; insect", "hk": "lightning bug", "hs": "Schoolhouse . . . insect.", "ks": "In the schoolhouse for insects , the brightest are obviously the lightning- bug s.", "v": [{"w": "蛍光灯", "rd": "けいこうとう", "mn": "fluorescent lamp; fluorescent light", "fr": 19204}, {"w": "蛍", "rd": "ほたる", "mn": "firefly (Luciola cruciata); lightning bug; glowworm", "fr": 21082}], "p": null}, {"k": "寡", "g": 8, "o": 1896, "f": 2035, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "", "m": "widow; minority; few", "pm": "widow", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "自", "nj": "みずから", "ne": "self"}, {"c": "分", "nj": "ブン", "ne": "part"}], "hc": "house; head; page; animal legs; eight; sword; dagger", "hk": "widow", "hs": "<i>House</i> . . . <i>head</i> . . . <i>dagger</i>. Immediately we get another instance of a very odd exception. Notice how the final stroke of the head is lengthened, giving the final two strokes a chance to stretch out and make room for the <i>dagger</i> that fits in beneath.", "ks": "The new <b>widow</b> sits in the <i>house</i> , her <i>head</i> in her lap (the extended stroke), her <i>dagger</i> in her husband.", "v": [{"w": "寡黙", "rd": "かもく", "mn": "untalkative; quiet; taciturn; reticent; uncommunicative", "fr": 21650}, {"w": "多寡", "rd": "たか", "mn": "degree (of something); greatness or smallness (of something); quantity; number; ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寡占", "rd": "かせん", "mn": "oligopoly; control of a market", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "寡婦", "rd": "かふ", "mn": "widow; divorced woman not remarried; unmarried woman", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "痢", "g": 8, "o": 1897, "f": 2037, "j": null, "on": "リ", "kun": "", "m": "diarrhea", "pm": "diarrhea", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "利", "nj": "リ", "ne": "profit"}], "hc": "sickness; hospital; profit; wheat; cereal; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "diarrhea", "hs": "Sickness . . . profit.", "ks": "Diarrhea is a sickness that makes wheat go through me like a saber.", "v": [{"w": "下痢", "rd": "げり", "mn": "diarrhea; diarrhoea", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "赤痢", "rd": "せきり", "mn": "dysentery", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "庸", "g": 8, "o": 1898, "f": 2038, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "", "m": "commonplace; ordinary; employment", "pm": "commonplace", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "用", "nj": "もちいる", "ne": "to use"}], "hc": "commonplace; cave; rake; screwdriver; utilise; utilize; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; walking stick", "hk": "comfortable", "hs": "Cave . . . rake . . . screwdriver.", "ks": "To live a <b>comfortable</b> life, single men need only a cave for living, a rake for cleaning and a screwdriver for fixing.", "v": [{"w": "凡庸", "rd": "ぼんよう", "mn": "mediocre; ordinary; commonplace; banal", "fr": 23399}], "p": null}, {"k": "坑", "g": 8, "o": 1899, "f": 2040, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "", "m": "pit; hole", "pm": "pit", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "亢", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "high spirits"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; whirlwind; top hat; wind", "hk": "pit", "hs": "A <i>whirlwind</i> begins to dig its way into the <i>soil</i> like a drill until it makes a deep <b>pit</b>.", "ks": "A <i>whirlwind</i> digs a hole in the ground throwing out lots of <i>dirt</i> until it ends up with a giant <b>pit</b>.", "v": [{"w": "坑道", "rd": "こうどう", "mn": "tunnel; (mining) gallery; level; shaft; pit", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "廃坑", "rd": "はいこう", "mn": "closure of a mine; abandoned mine; disused mine", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "藍", "g": 8, "o": 1900, "f": 2043, "j": null, "on": "ラン", "kun": "あい", "m": "indigo", "pm": "indigo", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "監", "nj": "カン", "ne": "oversee"}], "hc": "flowers; oversee; retainer; slave; reclining; lying down; one; floor; dish", "hk": "indigo", "hs": "Flowers . . . oversee.", "ks": "<b>Indigo</b> <i>flowers</i> have to be <i>overseen</i> because they are often picked for their beauty.", "v": [{"w": "藍", "rd": "あい", "mn": "dyer's knotweed (Persicaria tinctoria, used to produce indigo dye)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "賊", "g": 8, "o": 1901, "f": 2045, "j": null, "on": "ゾク", "kun": "", "m": "burglar; rebel; traitor; robber", "pm": "burglar", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "戎", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "warrior"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; ten; needle; fiesta", "hk": "burglar", "hs": "From a <b>burglar's</b> point of view, a <i>fiesta</i> is an occasion to takeout the old lock picking <i>needle</i> and break into the unattended safe filled with the family <i>shells</i> (the old form of money, as we saw in frames 84 and 206).", "ks": "<b>Burglar</b> s… those guys!!! <b>Burglar</b> s only want money (clams) so that they can get needles (drugs) and party (fiesta)!", "v": [{"w": "盗賊", "rd": "とうぞく", "mn": "thief; robber; burglar; bandit", "fr": 12751}, {"w": "海賊", "rd": "かいぞく", "mn": "pirate", "fr": 13627}, {"w": "山賊", "rd": "さんぞく", "mn": "bandit; brigand", "fr": 24008}], "p": null}, {"k": "搾", "g": 8, "o": 1902, "f": 2046, "j": null, "on": "サク", "kun": "しぼ.る", "m": "squeeze", "pm": "squeeze", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "窄", "nj": "サク", "ne": "narrow"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; tight; hole; house; human legs; saw", "hk": "squeeze", "hs": "Fingers . . . hole . . . saw.", "ks": "You have trouble squeezing your hand through the hole so you use a saw to enlarge it.", "v": [{"w": "搾る", "rd": "しぼる", "mn": "to wring (towel, rag); to squeeze", "fr": 15313}, {"w": "搾取", "rd": "さくしゅ", "mn": "exploitation; bleeding dry; squeezing dry", "fr": 18629}, {"w": "搾乳", "rd": "さくにゅう", "mn": "milking (a cow, goat, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "臼", "g": 8, "o": 1903, "f": 2048, "j": null, "on": "キュウ、グ", "kun": "うす、うすづ.く", "m": "mortar", "pm": "mortar", "r": [{"c": "臼", "nj": "うす", "ne": "mortar"}], "hc": "back to back staples", "hk": "mortar", "hs": "The image here is of <i>back-to-back staples</i>. The <b>mortar</b> referred to in this key word is a stone or wooden basin used for grinding with a pestle.", "ks": "The mortar bomb exploded, ripping the sun in half.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "畔", "g": 8, "o": 1904, "f": 2049, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "あぜ、くろ、ほとり", "m": "paddy ridge; levee", "pm": "paddy ridge", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "半", "nj": "ハン", "ne": "half"}], "hc": "paddy-ridge; rice field; brains; half", "hk": "paddy ridge", "hs": "<i>Rice field</i> . . . <i>half</i>. The key word here refers to the <b>ridges</b> that rise up between the sections of a rice <b>paddy</b>.", "ks": "A <b>PADDY-RIDGE</b> divides the RICE FIELD in HALF.", "v": [{"w": "河畔", "rd": "かはん", "mn": "riverside", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "湖畔", "rd": "こはん", "mn": "lakeside; lakeshore; lakefront", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "唄", "g": 8, "o": 1905, "f": 2051, "j": null, "on": "バイ", "kun": "うた、うた.う", "m": "song; ballad", "pm": "song", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "mouth; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "pop song", "hs": "There is a lot of money to be made of one's <b>songs</b> are  \" <b>pop</b> ular.\" This is depicted here as a stream of <i>clams</i> spewing out of the <i>mouth</i> of someone performing a <b>pop song</b>.", "ks": "Out of the mouth comes a pop song and in rolls the money.", "v": [{"w": "唄", "rd": "うた", "mn": "song; singing", "fr": 23859}, {"w": "長唄", "rd": "ながうた", "mn": "long epic song with shamisen accompaniment (developed in Edo in the early 17th c", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "孔", "g": 8, "o": 1906, "f": 2052, "j": null, "on": "コウ、ク", "kun": "あな", "m": "cavity; hole; slit; very; great; exceedingly", "pm": "cavity", "r": [{"c": "子", "nj": "こ", "ne": "child"}, {"c": "乙", "nj": "おつ", "ne": "the second"}], "hc": "child; fishhook", "hk": "cavity", "hs": "Probably the one thing most <i>children</i> fear more than anything else is the dentist's chair. Once a <i>child</i> has seen a dentist holding the x-rays up to the light and heard that ominous word <b>cavity</b> , even though it is not likely to know that the word means \"hole\" until it is much older, it will not be long before those two syllables get associated with the drill and that row of shiny <i>hooks</i> the dentist uses to torture people who are too small to fight back.", "ks": "When a child falls into a cavity we need a hook to get them out.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "呂", "g": 8, "o": 1907, "f": 2055, "j": null, "on": "ロ、リョ", "kun": "せぼね", "m": "spine; backbone", "pm": "spine", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}], "hc": "mouth; drop", "hk": "spine", "hs": "This character is rather like a picture of two of the vertebrae in the <b>spine</b> linked by a single stroke.", "ks": "<b>Spine</b> connects head and body.", "v": [{"w": "お風呂", "rd": "おふろ", "mn": "bath", "fr": 1999}, {"w": "風呂", "rd": "ふろ", "mn": "bath; bathing; bathtub; bathroom", "fr": 2322}, {"w": "風呂場", "rd": "ふろば", "mn": "bathroom", "fr": 7861}, {"w": "露天風呂", "rd": "ろてんぶろ", "mn": "open-air bath; rotenburo; rotemburo", "fr": 18547}, {"w": "風呂敷", "rd": "ふろしき", "mn": "furoshiki; wrapping cloth; cloth wrapper", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "風呂屋", "rd": "ふろや", "mn": "public bathhouse", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "拷", "g": 8, "o": 1908, "f": 2057, "j": null, "on": "ゴウ", "kun": "", "m": "torture; beat", "pm": "torture", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "考", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "consider"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; consider; old man; slingshot; catapult", "hk": "torture", "hs": "Fingers . . . consider.", "ks": "Pulling finger nails is considered to be the most common kind of torture.", "v": [{"w": "拷問", "rd": "ごうもん", "mn": "torture", "fr": 5922}], "p": null}, {"k": "嬢", "g": 8, "o": 1909, "f": 2059, "j": null, "on": "ジョウ", "kun": "むすめ", "m": "lass; girl; Miss; daughter", "pm": "lass", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "㐮", "nj": "", "ne": "to help"}], "hc": "woman; grass skirt; top hat; eight; six; animal legs; celery; scarf", "hk": "lass", "hs": "Woman . . . grass skirt.", "ks": "The correct term for a WOMAN in a GRASS SKIRT is a LASS , ask any Hawaiian.", "v": [{"w": "お嬢さん", "rd": "おじょうさん", "mn": "(another's) daughter", "fr": 2718}, {"w": "嬢", "rd": "じょう", "mn": "unmarried woman", "fr": 11920}, {"w": "令嬢", "rd": "れいじょう", "mn": "(your) daughter; young woman", "fr": 14345}], "p": null}, {"k": "渓", "g": 8, "o": 1910, "f": 2063, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "たに、たにがわ", "m": "mountain stream; valley", "pm": "mountain stream", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "奚", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "servant"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; claw; vulture; husband", "hk": "mountain stream", "hs": "Water . . . vulture . . . husband.", "ks": "The Simpsons are on vacation. <i>Homer</i> stops to take a leak in a <b>mountain stream</b> but gets snatched by an <i>eagle</i>. Hear his scream?", "v": [{"w": "渓流", "rd": "けいりゅう", "mn": "mountain stream; mountain torrent", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "渓谷", "rd": "けいこく", "mn": "valley (with a river running through it); gorge; ravine; canyon", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "雪渓", "rd": "せっけい", "mn": "snowy valley", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "翁", "g": 8, "o": 1911, "f": 2064, "j": null, "on": "オウ", "kun": "おきな", "m": "venerable old man", "pm": "venerable old man", "r": [{"c": "公", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "public"}, {"c": "羽", "nj": "はね", "ne": "feather"}], "hc": "public; eight; elbows; feathers; wings", "hk": "venerable old man", "hs": "Public . . . feathers.", "ks": "The venerable old man is in the public park feeding the pigeons.", "v": [{"w": "翁", "rd": "おきな", "mn": "old man; venerable gentleman", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "廉", "g": 8, "o": 1912, "f": 2066, "j": null, "on": "レン", "kun": "", "m": "bargain; reason; charge; suspicion; point; account; purity; honest; low price; cheap; rested; contented; peaceful", "pm": "bargain", "r": [{"c": "广", "nj": "まだれ", "ne": "slanting roof"}, {"c": "兼", "nj": "ケン", "ne": "concurrently"}], "hc": "cave; concurrently; animal horns; rake", "hk": "bargain", "hs": "Cave . . . concurrently.", "ks": "With multiple sales going on concurrently in the same cave , you’re sure to find a bargain.", "v": [{"w": "清廉", "rd": "せいれん", "mn": "honest; upright; cleanhanded; unselfish", "fr": 24077}, {"w": "廉価", "rd": "れんか", "mn": "low price; moderate price", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "廉売", "rd": "れんばい", "mn": "bargain sale", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "牙", "g": 8, "o": 1913, "f": 2067, "j": null, "on": "ガ、ゲ", "kun": "きば、は", "m": "tusk; fang; tusk radical (no. 92)", "pm": "tusk", "r": [{"c": "亅", "nj": "はねぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke with a hook"}, {"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}], "hc": "", "hk": "tusk", "hs": "If you play with this primitive's form with pencil and paper, you will see that it begins with a <i>box</i> -like shape, and ends with the final two strokes of the <i>halberd</i> , a convenient combination for the <b>tusk</b> protruding from the mouth of an animal.", "ks": "He stored the tusk s into a box , along with the broken halberds.", "v": [{"w": "象牙", "rd": "ぞうげ", "mn": "ivory", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "謹", "g": 8, "o": 1914, "f": 2068, "j": null, "on": "キン", "kun": "つつし.む", "m": "discreet; reverently; humbly", "pm": "discreet", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "堇", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; cabbage; flowers; mouth; grow up", "hk": "discreet", "hs": "Words . . . cabbage.", "ks": "Muttering words of gratitude for a wonderful meal, I <b>discreet</b> ly slipped my cabbage under the table for the dog.", "v": [{"w": "謹慎", "rd": "きんしん", "mn": "self restraint; moderating one's own behavior; penitence; discipline", "fr": 17496}, {"w": "謹賀新年", "rd": "きんがしんねん", "mn": "Happy New Year", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "瞳", "g": 8, "o": 1915, "f": 2069, "j": null, "on": "ドウ、トウ", "kun": "ひとみ", "m": "pupil (of eye)", "pm": "pupil (of eye)", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}, {"c": "童", "nj": "ドウ", "ne": "juvenile"}], "hc": "eye; juvenile; vase; stand up; computer", "hk": "pupil", "hs": "Begin with the double meaning of the key word <b>pupil</b> : \"student\" and the \"the apple of one's <i>eye</i>. \" Now all you have to do is dwell on the phrase \" <i>juvenile</i> of one's <i>eye</i> \" (the meaning here) until it provides you with an image.", "ks": "In Japanese comics, the eye's of juvenilles all have enormouse <b>pupil</b> s.", "v": [{"w": "瞳", "rd": "ひとみ", "mn": "pupil (of the eye)", "fr": 2127}], "p": null}, {"k": "湧", "g": 8, "o": 1916, "f": 2070, "j": null, "on": "ユウ、ヨウ、ユ", "kun": "わ.く", "m": "boil; ferment; seethe; uproar; breed", "pm": "boil", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "勇", "nj": "ユウ", "ne": "courage"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; courageous; courage; chop-seal; hanko; male; rice field; brains; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "bubble up", "hs": "Water . . . courage.", "ks": "Bubble up the WATER and see who has the COURAGE to jump into it.", "v": [{"w": "湧く", "rd": "わく", "mn": "to well (up); to gush out (of water); to spring out; to surge", "fr": 2537}, {"w": "湧水", "rd": "ゆうすい", "mn": "welling of water; spring water; spring", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "窯", "g": 8, "o": 1917, "f": 2072, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "かま", "m": "kiln; oven; furnace", "pm": "kiln", "r": [{"c": "穴", "nj": "あな", "ne": "hole"}, {"c": "羔", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "lamb"}], "hc": "hole; house; human legs; sheep; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "kiln", "hs": "Hole . . . sheep . . . oven fire.", "ks": "You put the sheep in the hole of the kiln and turn on the flames.", "v": [{"w": "窯", "rd": "かま", "mn": "stove; furnace; kiln", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "窯元", "rd": "かまもと", "mn": "pottery (i.e. the place)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "窯業", "rd": "ようぎょう", "mn": "ceramics; ceramic industry", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "褒", "g": 8, "o": 1918, "f": 2073, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "ほ.める", "m": "praise; extol", "pm": "praise", "r": [{"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "保", "nj": "ホ", "ne": "protect"}], "hc": "top hat; protect; person; dumbfounded; mouth; tree; wood; scarf", "hk": "praise", "hs": "<i>Top hat and scarf</i> . . . <i>protect</i>. Note that the  \"tree\" in <i>protect</i> becomes a <i>wooden pole</i> here.", "ks": "I have to praise this tophat and scarf , it sure did do a great job protecting me from the cold!", "v": [{"w": "褒める", "rd": "ほめる", "mn": "to praise; to commend; to compliment; to speak well of; to speak highly of", "fr": 1257}, {"w": "ご褒美", "rd": "ごほうび", "mn": "reward; prize", "fr": 4230}, {"w": "褒美", "rd": "ほうび", "mn": "reward; prize", "fr": 11583}, {"w": "褒賞", "rd": "ほうしょう", "mn": "prize; award; reward", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "醜", "g": 8, "o": 1919, "f": 2074, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "みにく.い、しこ", "m": "ugly; unclean; shame; bad looking", "pm": "ugly", "r": [{"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}, {"c": "鬼", "nj": "おに", "ne": "demon"}], "hc": "whiskey bottle; ghost; oni; drop; brains; rice field; human legs; elbow", "hk": "ugly", "hs": "Whiskey bottle . . . ghost.", "ks": "The <b>ugly</b> <i>oni</i> can't get a date so he drinks <i>sake</i> by himself at the bar.", "v": [{"w": "醜い", "rd": "みにくい", "mn": "ugly; unattractive; bad-looking", "fr": 4765}, {"w": "醜態", "rd": "しゅうたい", "mn": "disgraceful behavior; disgraceful behaviour; shameful conduct; shameful sight", "fr": 12993}, {"w": "醜悪", "rd": "しゅうあく", "mn": "ugly; unsightly; hideous; mean; repulsive; disgraceful", "fr": 16763}, {"w": "醜女", "rd": "しゅうじょ", "mn": "ugly woman; unattractive woman", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "醜聞", "rd": "しゅうぶん", "mn": "scandal", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "升", "g": 8, "o": 1920, "f": 2077, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "ます", "m": "measuring box; 1.8 liter", "pm": "measuring box", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "廾", "nj": "にじゅうあし", "ne": "folded hands"}], "hc": "thousand; drop; ten; needle", "hk": "measuring box", "hs": "This is the character for the little wooden box that the Japanese use for measuring things, as well as for drinking saké out of. Simply imagine the outside as spiked with a <i>thousand</i> sharp <i>needles</i> , and the quaint little <b>measuring box</b> becomes a drinker's nightmare! Be very careful when you write this character not to confuse it with the writing of <i>thousand</i>. The reason for the difference gives us a chance to clarify another general principle of writing that supersedes the one we mentioned in frame 4: when a single stroke runs vertically through the middle of a character, it is written last.", "ks": "It is a thousand or ten? I need my <b>measuring box</b>.", "v": [{"w": "升", "rd": "ます", "mn": "measuring container; measuring box; measure", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "殉", "g": 8, "o": 1921, "f": 2080, "j": null, "on": "ジュン", "kun": "", "m": "martyrdom; follow by resigning", "pm": "martyrdom", "r": [{"c": "歹", "nj": "がつ", "ne": "death & dying"}, {"c": "旬", "nj": "ジュン", "ne": "decameron"}], "hc": "bones; one; ceiling; evening; decameron; bound up; sun; day", "hk": "martyrdom", "hs": "Bones . . . decameron.", "ks": "The boney man martyred himself during his 10 day hunger-strike.", "v": [{"w": "殉職", "rd": "じゅんしょく", "mn": "dying at one's post; being killed in the line of duty", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "殉難", "rd": "じゅんなん", "mn": "martyrdom", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "煩", "g": 8, "o": 1922, "f": 2081, "j": null, "on": "ハン、ボン", "kun": "わずら.う、わずら.わす、うるさ.がる、うるさ.い", "m": "anxiety; trouble; worry; pain; ill; annoy; nuisance; irksome", "pm": "anxiety", "r": [{"c": "火", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "fire"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "fire; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "anxiety", "hs": "The existential condition of <b>anxiety</b> that arises from the inevitable frustration of our worldly passions is contained in this character. The <i>head</i> is set <i>afire</i> , causing deep torment of spirit (and a whopper of a headache).", "ks": "An <b>anxiety</b> feels like FIRE in the HEAD.", "v": [{"w": "煩わしい", "rd": "わずらわしい", "mn": "troublesome; annoying; complicated", "fr": 13985}, {"w": "煩悩", "rd": "ぼんのう", "mn": "worldly desires; evil passions; appetites of the flesh", "fr": 15831}, {"w": "煩い", "rd": "うるさい", "mn": "noisy; loud", "fr": 19461}, {"w": "煩う", "rd": "わずらう", "mn": "to worry (about); to be concerned (about)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "煩雑", "rd": "はんざつ", "mn": "complex; intricate; complicated; confused; troublesome; vexatious; cumbersome", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "枕", "g": 8, "o": 1923, "f": 2084, "j": null, "on": "チン、シン", "kun": "まくら", "m": "pillow", "pm": "pillow", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "冘", "nj": "イン", "ne": "to move on"}], "hc": "tree; wood; garter; crown; human legs", "hk": "pillow", "hs": "Tree . . . crown tied around leg of person.", "ks": "WOODEN PILLOW S do not sink (#1888 沈) in water.", "v": [{"w": "枕", "rd": "まくら", "mn": "pillow; bolster", "fr": 4911}], "p": null}, {"k": "劾", "g": 8, "o": 1924, "f": 2085, "j": null, "on": "ガイ", "kun": "", "m": "censure; criminal investigation", "pm": "censure", "r": [{"c": "亥", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "sign of the hog"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "sign of the hog; acorn; top hat; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "censure", "hs": "Acorn . . . muscle.", "ks": "Animal Farm works for me - where the hogs have the greatest power of censure.", "v": [{"w": "弾劾", "rd": "だんがい", "mn": "impeachment", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "堕", "g": 8, "o": 1925, "f": 2087, "j": null, "on": "ダ", "kun": "お.ちる、くず.す、くず.れる", "m": "degenerate; descend to; lapse into", "pm": "degenerate", "r": [{"c": "陏", "nj": "ダ", "ne": "melon"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; possess; by one’s side; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; ground; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "degenerate", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . possess . . . ground.", "ks": "Any attempt to <i>possess</i> the <i>pinnacle</i> will <b>degenerate</b> into a land (\" <i>ground</i> \") war.", "v": [{"w": "堕落", "rd": "だらく", "mn": "depravity; corruption; degradation", "fr": 13694}, {"w": "堕胎", "rd": "だたい", "mn": "abortion; feticide", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "丼", "g": 8, "o": 1926, "f": 2088, "j": null, "on": "トン、タン、ショウ、セイ", "kun": "どんぶり", "m": "bowl; bowl of food", "pm": "bowl", "r": [{"c": "井", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "well"}, {"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "well; drop", "hk": "donburi", "hs": "<i>Donburi</i> is a bowl of rice with eel or meat on it. The character is a pictograph, perhaps designed by someone who felt that the portion of meat he was served with his bowl of rice looked to be no more than a tiny <i>drop</i> in the <i>well</i>.", "ks": "I drop a domburi down into the well for the goblin living there.", "v": [{"w": "丼", "rd": "どんぶり", "mn": "porcelain bowl", "fr": 16132}, {"w": "牛丼", "rd": "ぎゅうどん", "mn": "gyudon", "fr": 20442}], "p": null}, {"k": "租", "g": 8, "o": 1927, "f": 2089, "j": null, "on": "ソ", "kun": "", "m": "tariff; crop tax; borrowing", "pm": "tariff", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "且", "nj": "ショ", "ne": "moreover"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; shelf; my bookshelves", "hk": "tariff", "hs": "Wheat . . . shelf.", "ks": "All the wheat imports sit on a shelf until the tariff is paid and it can be distributed.", "v": [{"w": "租界", "rd": "そかい", "mn": "(foreign) concession (in China); settlement", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "租税", "rd": "そぜい", "mn": "taxes; taxation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "桟", "g": 8, "o": 1928, "f": 2093, "j": null, "on": "サン、セン", "kun": "かけはし", "m": "scaffold; cleat; frame; jetty; bolt (door)", "pm": "scaffold", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "戋", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "tree; wood; float; fiesta", "hk": "scaffold", "hs": "Prior to the use of metal, <i>trees</i> were once cut down and bound together for use as <b>scaffolding</b> material. In the case of this kanji, what is being constructed is not a skyscraper but a simple <i>float</i>.", "ks": "Japanese festival <i>floats</i> are often so tall they need <i>wood</i> <b>scaffolds</b> to be completed. (<http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e5909.html>).", "v": [{"w": "桟橋", "rd": "さんばし", "mn": "wharf; bridge; jetty; pier", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "惧", "g": 8, "o": 1929, "f": 2097, "j": null, "on": "ク、グ", "kun": "おそ.れる", "m": "fear; be afraid of; dread", "pm": "fear", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "具", "nj": "グ", "ne": "tool"}], "hc": "", "hk": "disquieting", "hs": "State of mind . . . tool.", "ks": "dread : Dread is the state of mind when you see the odd tool made of stretched human eyes.", "v": [{"w": "危惧", "rd": "きぐ", "mn": "apprehension; misgivings; uneasiness; fear; anxiety", "fr": 11310}], "p": null}, {"k": "婿", "g": 8, "o": 1930, "f": 2099, "j": null, "on": "セイ", "kun": "むこ", "m": "bridegroom; son-in-law", "pm": "bridegroom", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "胥", "nj": "ショ", "ne": "together"}], "hc": "woman; zoo; critters; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "bridegroom", "hs": "What makes a man a <b>bridegroom</b> is obviously a <i>woman</i> and her dowry, here presented as a small <i>zoo</i> (animals were often used for this purpose in earlier societies) and a <i>month</i> away from it all (the  \"honey <i>moon</i> \").", "ks": "The virgin <b>bridegroom</b> tries to understand the new, mysterious <i>part of</i> his <i>woman's body</i> \\- but with little success. It's a <i>zoo</i> down there! (primitives placement: the part of the body is 'down there' - the woman is 'left' unsatisfied).", "v": [{"w": "婿", "rd": "むこ", "mn": "husband; groom", "fr": 11018}, {"w": "娘婿", "rd": "むすめむこ", "mn": "son-in-law", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "花婿", "rd": "はなむこ", "mn": "bridegroom", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "慕", "g": 8, "o": 1931, "f": 2100, "j": null, "on": "ボ", "kun": "した.う", "m": "pining; yearn for; love dearly; adore", "pm": "pining", "r": [{"c": "莫", "nj": "バク", "ne": "must not"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "graveyard; flowers; sun; day; large; St. Bernard; valentine", "hk": "pining", "hs": "<i>Graveyard</i> . . . <i>valentine</i>. Note carefully the stroke order of the <i>valentine</i> primitive.", "ks": "<b>Pining</b> , yearn for… etc. Presumably for lost love. An easy one here, someone standing in the <i>graveyard</i> , placing an old <i>valentine</i> card amonst all the existing tributes.", "v": [{"w": "慕う", "rd": "したう", "mn": "to yearn for; to long for; to pine for; to miss; to love dearly; to adore", "fr": 4349}, {"w": "思慕", "rd": "しぼ", "mn": "yearning; longing for; deep affection", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "罷", "g": 8, "o": 1932, "f": 2104, "j": null, "on": "ヒ", "kun": "まか.り-、や.める", "m": "quit; stop; leave; withdraw; go", "pm": "quit", "r": [{"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "能", "nj": "ノウ", "ne": "ability"}], "hc": "eye; cross-eyed; net; ability; elbow; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "quit", "hs": "", "ks": "Hey, screw you! Don't you <i>look</i> down on me! I have the <i>ability</i> to <b>quit</b> anytime I want!", "v": [{"w": "罷免", "rd": "ひめん", "mn": "dismissal (from a position); discharge", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "矯", "g": 8, "o": 1933, "f": 2105, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "た.める", "m": "rectify; straighten; correct; reform; cure; control; pretend; falsify", "pm": "rectify", "r": [{"c": "矢", "nj": "や", "ne": "arrow"}, {"c": "喬", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "high"}], "hc": "dart; drop; heavens; angel; heavens; mouth; hood; mouth", "hk": "rectify", "hs": "<i>Dart</i> . . . <i>angel</i>. Compare your stories for <i>correct</i> (Frame 405), <i>revise</i> (Frame 362), and <i>reformation</i> (Frame 567).", "ks": "The Angel cupid uses darts to rectify people's love life.", "v": [{"w": "矯正", "rd": "きょうせい", "mn": "correction (of a fault, defect, flaw, etc.); remedy; rectification; redress; ref", "fr": 18773}], "p": null}, {"k": "某", "g": 8, "o": 1934, "f": 2106, "j": null, "on": "ボウ", "kun": "それがし、なにがし", "m": "so-and-so; one; a certain; that person", "pm": "so-and-so", "r": [{"c": "甘", "nj": "あまい", "ne": "sweet"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "sweet; wicker basket; picnic basket; tree; wood", "hk": "so-and-so", "hs": "The key word here refers to the adjective for an unspecified person or thing. Its elements: <i>wicker basket</i> . . . <i>tree</i>.", "ks": "I had the same idea as fuabrisu. A generic person is described here as having body sort of like a tree trunk and head sort of like a wicker basket.", "v": [{"w": "某", "rd": "ぼう", "mn": "certain; one", "fr": 10336}], "p": null}, {"k": "囚", "g": 8, "o": 1935, "f": 2107, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "とら.われる", "m": "captured; criminal; arrest; catch", "pm": "captured", "r": [{"c": "囗", "nj": "くにがまえ", "ne": "border"}, {"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}], "hc": "pent in; person", "hk": "captured", "hs": "Person . . . pent in.", "ks": "Mr. T can't be captured. This kanji is lying.", "v": [{"w": "囚われる", "rd": "とらわれる", "mn": "to be caught; to be captured; to be taken prisoner; to be arrested; to be appreh", "fr": 6529}, {"w": "囚人", "rd": "しゅうじん", "mn": "prisoner; convict", "fr": 15049}, {"w": "死刑囚", "rd": "しけいしゅう", "mn": "criminal condemned to death; convict on death row", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "虹", "g": 8, "o": 1936, "f": 2110, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "にじ", "m": "rainbow", "pm": "rainbow", "r": [{"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}, {"c": "工", "nj": "たくみ", "ne": "work"}], "hc": "insect; craft", "hk": "rainbow", "hs": "Insect . . . craft.", "ks": "Little is it known that a <b>rainbow</b> is actually created by <i>insects</i> of different colours flying in formation, a <i>craft</i> they have perfected to create the <b>rainbow</b> s we see today.", "v": [{"w": "虹", "rd": "にじ", "mn": "rainbow", "fr": 10409}], "p": null}, {"k": "泌", "g": 8, "o": 1937, "f": 2112, "j": null, "on": "ヒツ、ヒ", "kun": "", "m": "ooze; flow; soak in; penetrate; secrete", "pm": "ooze", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "必", "nj": "ヒツ", "ne": "invariably"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; invariably; heart; stick; drop; fishhook", "hk": "ooze", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . the <i>invariably</i> divided heart.", "ks": "Anything full of <i>water</i> will <i>invariably</i> begin to <b>ooze</b>.", "v": [{"w": "分泌", "rd": "ぶんぴ", "mn": "secretion", "fr": 14321}, {"w": "泌尿器", "rd": "ひにょうき", "mn": "urinary organs", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "漸", "g": 8, "o": 1938, "f": 2115, "j": null, "on": "ゼン", "kun": "ようや.く、やや、ようよ.う、すす.む", "m": "steadily; gradually advancing; finally; barely", "pm": "steadily", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "斬", "nj": "ザン", "ne": "beheading"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; executioner; chop off; car; axe", "hk": "steadily", "hs": "Water . . . chop off.", "ks": "Dripping water on your car steadily builds up rust. Over time, it's just as damaging as taking an ax to it.", "v": [{"w": "漸次", "rd": "ぜんじ", "mn": "gradually; slowly; little by little; incrementally", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漸減", "rd": "ぜんげん", "mn": "gradual decrease; decline", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "漸進", "rd": "ぜんしん", "mn": "gradual progress; steady advance", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "膳", "g": 8, "o": 1939, "f": 2120, "j": null, "on": "ゼン、セン", "kun": "かしわ、すす.める、そな.える", "m": "small low table; tray", "pm": "small low table", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "善", "nj": "ゼン", "ne": "virtuous"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; virtuous; sheep; horns; mouth", "hk": "dining tray", "hs": "Flesh . . . virtuous.", "ks": "As VIRTUOUS cannibals, we serve FLESH on DINING TRAY S.", "v": [{"w": "膳", "rd": "ぜん", "mn": "small dining table (usu. for a single person); serving tray (with legs)", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "蚊", "g": 8, "o": 1940, "f": 2121, "j": null, "on": "ブン", "kun": "か", "m": "mosquito", "pm": "mosquito", "r": [{"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}, {"c": "文", "nj": "ぶん", "ne": "literature"}], "hc": "insect; sentence; sentence; plaid; kilt; Billy Connolly", "hk": "mosquito", "hs": "Insect . . . plaid.", "ks": "The <b>mosquito</b> (an <i>insect</i> ) knows only one <i>sentence</i> : Bzzzzz.", "v": [{"w": "蚊", "rd": "か", "mn": "mosquito", "fr": 12721}, {"w": "蚊帳", "rd": "かや", "mn": "mosquito net", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "厄", "g": 8, "o": 1941, "f": 2123, "j": null, "on": "ヤク", "kun": "", "m": "unlucky; misfortune; bad luck; disaster", "pm": "unlucky", "r": [{"c": "厂", "nj": "がんだれ", "ne": "cliff"}, {"c": "卩", "nj": "ふしづくり", "ne": "stamp"}], "hc": "cliff; fingerprint", "hk": "unlucky", "hs": "Cliff . . . fingerprint.", "ks": "Seeing some finger prints at the edge of a cliff, I wondered who that <b>unlucky</b> person was.", "v": [{"w": "厄介", "rd": "やっかい", "mn": "trouble; burden; nuisance; bother; worry", "fr": 3144}, {"w": "厄", "rd": "やく", "mn": "misfortune; bad luck; evil; disaster", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "厄年", "rd": "やくどし", "mn": "unlucky year; critical year", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "藻", "g": 8, "o": 1942, "f": 2124, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "も", "m": "seaweed; duckweed", "pm": "seaweed", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "澡", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "wash"}], "hc": "flowers; water; water droplets; water pistol; furniture; goods; mouth; tree; wood", "hk": "seaweed", "hs": "", "ks": "Take seaweed ( water \\+ flower ) and hang it to dry in a tree to produce nori goods.", "v": [{"w": "海藻", "rd": "かいそう", "mn": "seaweed", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "藻", "rd": "も", "mn": "algae; waterweed; seaweed; duckweed", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "藻類", "rd": "そうるい", "mn": "seaweeds; algae; waterweeds", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "嫡", "g": 8, "o": 1943, "f": 2130, "j": null, "on": "チャク、テキ", "kun": "", "m": "legitimate wife; direct descent (non-bastard)", "pm": "legitimate wife", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "啇", "nj": "テキ", "ne": "the stalk"}], "hc": "woman; antique; vase; stand up; hood; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "legitimate wife", "hs": "The phrase <b>legitimate wife</b> would have no meaning if there were not such things as  \"illegitimate wives,\" taken because one's legal <i>woman</i> has turned into an <i>antique</i>. The very offense of the idea should help you remember the kanji.", "ks": "Legitmate wifes tend to be women who are antiques in contrast to the young bit of illigitmate fluff on the side.", "v": [{"w": "嫡出", "rd": "ちゃくしゅつ", "mn": "legitimate birth", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "嫡子", "rd": "ちゃくし", "mn": "heir", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "呪", "g": 8, "o": 1944, "f": 2131, "j": null, "on": "ジュ、シュ、シュウ、ズ", "kun": "まじな.う、のろ.い、まじな.い、のろ.う", "m": "spell; curse; charm; malediction", "pm": "spell", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "兄", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "elder brother"}], "hc": "mouth; elder brother; teenager; mouth; human legs", "hk": "curse", "hs": "For some reason, the inventor of this kanji associated a <b>curse</b> with the <i>mouth</i> of an <i>older brother</i>. I leave it to you to decide if he is on the giving or receiving end of the sorcery.", "ks": "Your older brother 's mouth often curses.", "v": [{"w": "呪い", "rd": "のろい", "mn": "curse; spell; malediction", "fr": 3401}, {"w": "呪う", "rd": "のろう", "mn": "to curse; to put a curse on; to detest intensely", "fr": 3947}], "p": null}, {"k": "斬", "g": 8, "o": 1945, "f": 2132, "j": null, "on": "ザン、サン、セン、ゼン", "kun": "き.る", "m": "beheading; kill; murder", "pm": "beheading", "r": [{"c": "車", "nj": "くるま", "ne": "vehicle"}, {"c": "斤", "nj": "おのづくり", "ne": "axe"}], "hc": "executioner; car; axe", "hk": "chop off", "hs": "Car . . . ax.", "ks": "I wanted a convertible so I <b>chopped off</b> the top of my <i>car</i> with an <i>axe</i>.", "v": [{"w": "斬る", "rd": "きる", "mn": "to kill (a human) using a blade (sword, machete, knife, etc.); to slice (off); t", "fr": 4351}, {"w": "斬新", "rd": "ざんしん", "mn": "novel; original; new; innovative", "fr": 12566}], "p": null}, {"k": "怨", "g": 8, "o": 1946, "f": 2137, "j": null, "on": "エン、オン、ウン", "kun": "うら.む、うらみ、うら.めしい", "m": "grudge; show resentment; be jealous", "pm": "grudge", "r": [{"c": "夗", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "mailbox; evening; fingerprint; heart", "hk": "grudge", "hs": "Mailbox . . . heart.", "ks": "I couldn't drop my <b>grudge</b> against him. So I put a severed pig's <i>heart</i> in his <i>mailbox</i>. He got the message.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "串", "g": 8, "o": 1947, "f": 2139, "j": null, "on": "カン、ケン、セン", "kun": "くし、つらぬ.く", "m": "spit; skewer", "pm": "spit", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "中", "nj": "チュウ", "ne": "in"}], "hc": "kebab; in; stick; mouth", "hk": "shish kebab", "hs": "This pictograph of two pieces of meat on a skewer, a <b>shish kebab</b> , will help us in the next frame.", "ks": "This is a pictograph if ever I saw one. Two chunks of meat on a skewer.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "嚇", "g": 8, "o": 1948, "f": 2141, "j": null, "on": "カク", "kun": "おど.す", "m": "menacing; dignity; majesty; threaten", "pm": "menacing", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "赫", "nj": "カク", "ne": "suddenly"}], "hc": "menacing; mouth; incandescent; red", "hk": "upbraid", "hs": "", "ks": "To <b>upbraid</b> someone, you criticize them in a menacing way. In other words, you jaw at them with your MOUTH until both sides of their face turn RED (hence the double-red).", "v": [{"w": "威嚇", "rd": "いかく", "mn": "threat; intimidation; menace", "fr": 8165}], "p": null}, {"k": "凸", "g": 8, "o": 1949, "f": 2143, "j": null, "on": "トツ", "kun": "でこ", "m": "convex; beetle brow; uneven", "pm": "convex", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "凵", "nj": "かんにょう", "ne": "container"}], "hc": "", "hk": "convex", "hs": "Maybe this helps you see how the Japanese have no trouble keeping <b>convex</b> distinct from <i>concave</i>. Note the odd feeling of the third stroke. If it doesn't feel all that strange now, by the time you are done with this book, it will. There are very few times you will have to write it.", "ks": "Convex has a convex shape.", "v": [{"w": "凹凸", "rd": "おうとつ", "mn": "unevenness; bumpiness; roughness; ruggedness", "fr": 18919}, {"w": "凸凹", "rd": "でこぼこ", "mn": "unevenness; roughness; ruggedness; bumpiness", "fr": 23405}, {"w": "凸版", "rd": "とっぱん", "mn": "letterpress; relief printing", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "凸版印刷", "rd": "とっぱんいんさつ", "mn": "letterpress; relief printing", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "腫", "g": 8, "o": 1950, "f": 2145, "j": null, "on": "シュ、ショウ", "kun": "は.れる、は.れ、は.らす、はれもの", "m": "tumor; swelling", "pm": "tumor", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "重", "nj": "ジュウ", "ne": "heavy"}], "hc": "tumour; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; heavy; thousand; ri; computer", "hk": "tumor", "hs": "Flesh . . . heavy.", "ks": "A <b>tumor</b> is a useless <i>body part</i> that is nothing but <i>heavy</i>.", "v": [{"w": "腫れる", "rd": "はれる", "mn": "to swell (from inflammation); to become swollen", "fr": 8280}, {"w": "腫瘍", "rd": "しゅよう", "mn": "tumor; tumour; neoplasm; neoplasia", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "韻", "g": 8, "o": 1951, "f": 2148, "j": null, "on": "イン", "kun": "", "m": "rhyme; elegance; tone", "pm": "rhyme", "r": [{"c": "音", "nj": "おと", "ne": "sound"}, {"c": "員", "nj": "イン", "ne": "employee"}], "hc": "sound; vase; stand up; sun; day; employee; mouth; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "rhyme", "hs": "Poetry restricted to verses that <b>rhyme</b> often finds it has to abandon clarity of thought in order to make the <b>rhyme</b> of the words work. In this kanji's picture, one becomes a kind of  \" <i>sound-employee</i>. \"", "ks": "What is a <b>RHYME</b> but some SOUND that EMPLOYEES say to get them through work.", "v": [{"w": "余韻", "rd": "よいん", "mn": "reverberation; swelling (of a hymn); trailing note", "fr": 7142}, {"w": "韻", "rd": "いん", "mn": "rhyme", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "韻律", "rd": "いんりつ", "mn": "metre (of a poem); meter; rhythm", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "霜", "g": 8, "o": 1952, "f": 2151, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "しも", "m": "frost", "pm": "frost", "r": [{"c": "雨", "nj": "あめ", "ne": "rain"}, {"c": "相", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "inter-"}], "hc": "rain; weather; inter; Inter Milan; tree; wood; eye", "hk": "frost", "hs": "Think of <b>frost</b> as a cooperative venture, an <i>inter</i> -action of the malevolent forces of <i>weather</i> that sit around a conference table and finally decide to allow a very light amount of moisture to fall just before a short and sudden freeze.", "ks": "rain changes \"inter\" frost.", "v": [{"w": "霜", "rd": "しも", "mn": "frost", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "霜降り", "rd": "しもふり", "mn": "speckled with white; salt-and-pepper (pattern, fabric, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "餅", "g": 8, "o": 1953, "f": 2152, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ、ヒョウ", "kun": "もち、もちい", "m": "mochi rice cake", "pm": "mochi rice cake", "r": [{"c": "并", "nj": "ヘイ", "ne": "put together"}], "hc": "eat; food; umbrella; good; halo; drop; silver; puzzle; horns; two hands", "hk": "mochi", "hs": "<i>Mochi</i> is the glutinous rice the Japanese pound into cakes. Its primitives are: <i>food</i> . . . <i>puzzle</i>.", "ks": "Mochi is like a puzzle you eat and solve in your mouth lest you choke.", "v": [{"w": "餅", "rd": "もち", "mn": "mochi", "fr": 13982}, {"w": "煎餅", "rd": "せんべい", "mn": "(Japanese) rice cracker; senbei", "fr": 23573}], "p": null}, {"k": "硝", "g": 8, "o": 1954, "f": 2154, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "", "m": "nitrate; saltpeter", "pm": "nitrate", "r": [{"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}, {"c": "肖", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "resemblance"}], "hc": "stone; rock; resemblance; spark; candle; small; little; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "nitrate", "hs": "The word <b>nitrate</b> should immediately suggest a beaker of <b>nitric</b> acid, which, as every high-school chemistry student knows, can eat its way through some pretty tough substances. Here we imagine pouring it over a <i>rock</i> and watching the <i>sparks</i> fly as it bores a hole through the rock.", "ks": "That stone has sparks coming out of it! Someone must have poured <b>nitrate</b> acid on it.", "v": [{"w": "硝煙", "rd": "しょうえん", "mn": "gunpowder smoke", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "硝酸", "rd": "しょうさん", "mn": "nitric acid", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "箸", "g": 8, "o": 1955, "f": 2156, "j": null, "on": "チョ、チャク", "kun": "はし", "m": "chopsticks", "pm": "chopsticks", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "者", "nj": "シャ", "ne": "someone"}], "hc": "bamboo; someone; puppet; sooty; old man; sun; day", "hk": "chopsticks", "hs": "Bamboo . . . puppet.", "ks": "This ninja uses bamboo chopsticks to fight enemies.", "v": [{"w": "箸", "rd": "はし", "mn": "chopsticks", "fr": 5299}, {"w": "割り箸", "rd": "わりばし", "mn": "dispensable chopsticks; throwaway chopsticks", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "勅", "g": 8, "o": 1956, "f": 2157, "j": null, "on": "チョク", "kun": "いまし.める、みことのり", "m": "imperial order", "pm": "imperial order", "r": [{"c": "束", "nj": "ソク", "ne": "bundle"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "bundle; Chaplin; tree; wood; mouth; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "imperial order", "hs": "In order to keep this character distinct from that for an <i>imperial edict</i> (Frame 366), we must draw again on a pun. Think of the <b>order</b> here as a mail <b>order</b> or an <b>order</b> of pizza phoned in by the Emperor for delivery to the <b>imperial</b> palace. Then it will not be hard to put together <i>bundle</i> and <i>muscle</i> to form a story about an <b>imperial order</b>.", "ks": "Imperial order carries quite a bundle of executive power.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "棺", "g": 8, "o": 1957, "f": 2161, "j": null, "on": "カン", "kun": "", "m": "coffin; casket", "pm": "coffin", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "官", "nj": "カン", "ne": "bureaucrat"}], "hc": "tree; wood; bureaucrat; house; maestro without baton", "hk": "coffin", "hs": "Wood . . . bureaucrat.", "ks": "An excellent use of <i>wood</i> is to make <b>coffin</b> s for <i>bureaucrat</i> s.", "v": [{"w": "棺", "rd": "かん", "mn": "coffin; casket", "fr": 16742}, {"w": "石棺", "rd": "せっかん", "mn": "sarcophagus; stone coffin", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "儒", "g": 8, "o": 1958, "f": 2162, "j": null, "on": "ジュ", "kun": "", "m": "Confucian", "pm": "Confucian", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "需", "nj": "ジュ", "ne": "demand"}], "hc": "confucian; person; demand; rain; weather; comb", "hk": "Confucian", "hs": "Person . . . demand.", "ks": "Mr. T demand s to know what Confucian means!", "v": [{"w": "儒学", "rd": "じゅがく", "mn": "Confucianism", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "儒教", "rd": "じゅきょう", "mn": "Confucianism", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "斑", "g": 8, "o": 1959, "f": 2165, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "ふ、まだら", "m": "spot; blemish; speck; patches", "pm": "spot", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "文", "nj": "ぶん", "ne": "literature"}], "hc": "king; jewel; ball; sentence; plaid; kilt; Billy Connolly", "hk": "speckled", "hs": "Ball . . . plaid . . . ball.", "ks": "The Scotsman's balls (squad (#1229 班)) were speckled like quail eggs.", "v": [{"w": "斑", "rd": "むら", "mn": "unevenness (of colour, paint, etc.); irregularity; nonuniformity; blotchiness", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "摯", "g": 8, "o": 1960, "f": 2170, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "いた.る、つか.む、にえ", "m": "gift; seriousness", "pm": "gift", "r": [{"c": "執", "nj": "シツ", "ne": "tenacious"}, {"c": "手", "nj": "て", "ne": "hand"}], "hc": "", "hk": "clasp", "hs": "Of the many and widely different meanings of this kanji, we select the verbal meaning of <b>clasp</b> , which fits in well with its primitive elements: <i>tenacious</i> . . . <i>hand</i>.", "ks": "<i>Tenaciously</i> <b>clasping</b> something with your hand.", "v": [{"w": "真摯", "rd": "しんし", "mn": "sincere; earnest; serious", "fr": 8432}], "p": null}, {"k": "愁", "g": 8, "o": 1961, "f": 2171, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "うれ.える、うれ.い", "m": "distress; grieve; lament; be anxious", "pm": "distress", "r": [{"c": "秋", "nj": "シュウ", "ne": "autumn"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "autumn; wheat; cereal; fire; heart", "hk": "distress", "hs": "Autumn . . . heart.", "ks": "The HEART becomes distress ed in the AUTUMN when summer loves end.", "v": [{"w": "郷愁", "rd": "きょうしゅう", "mn": "nostalgia; homesickness", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "哀愁", "rd": "あいしゅう", "mn": "pathos; sorrow; grief", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "楼", "g": 8, "o": 1962, "f": 2173, "j": null, "on": "ロウ", "kun": "たかどの", "m": "watchtower; lookout; high building", "pm": "watchtower", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "娄", "nj": "ル", "ne": "surname"}], "hc": "tree; wood; rice; woman", "hk": "watchtower", "hs": "Tree . . . rice . . . woman.", "ks": "On the top of the wood made watchtower we look for our enemies, who will come to steal our rice and our women.", "v": [{"w": "摩天楼", "rd": "まてんろう", "mn": "skyscraper", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "楼閣", "rd": "ろうかく", "mn": "multistoried building; castle; palace; shrine", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "鐘楼", "rd": "しょうろう", "mn": "belfry; bell tower", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "眉", "g": 8, "o": 1963, "f": 2177, "j": null, "on": "ビ、ミ", "kun": "まゆ", "m": "eyebrow", "pm": "eyebrow", "r": [{"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}], "hc": "flag; stick; eye", "hk": "eyebrow", "hs": "The <i>flag</i> here has an extra vertical stroke in it. Think of it as an <b>eyebrow</b> pencil stuck in the <i>eye</i>.", "ks": "Pictograph: opera glasses over eyes ビ ミ まゆ.", "v": [{"w": "眉", "rd": "まゆ", "mn": "eyebrow; eyebrows", "fr": 5976}, {"w": "眉毛", "rd": "まゆげ", "mn": "eyebrow", "fr": 18724}], "p": null}, {"k": "薪", "g": 8, "o": 1964, "f": 2182, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "たきぎ、まき", "m": "fuel; firewood; kindling", "pm": "fuel", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "新", "nj": "シン", "ne": "new"}], "hc": "fuel; flowers; new; red pepper; stand up; vase; tree; wood; axe", "hk": "firewood", "hs": "Flowers . . . new.", "ks": "Sometimes, new firewood still has flowers on it.", "v": [{"w": "薪", "rd": "まき", "mn": "piece(s) of firewood (esp. chopped or split from logs)", "fr": 13644}, {"w": "薪炭", "rd": "しんたん", "mn": "wood and charcoal; fuel", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "堆", "g": 8, "o": 1965, "f": 2184, "j": null, "on": "タイ、ツイ", "kun": "うずたか.い", "m": "piled high", "pm": "piled high", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "隹", "nj": "ふるとり", "ne": "small bird"}], "hc": "soil; dirt; ground; turkey", "hk": "piled high", "hs": "Soil . . . turkey.", "ks": "After our pre-Thanksgiving massacre, we <b>piled high</b> all the <i>turkey</i> corpses atop the <i>soil</i> of the farmyard.", "v": [{"w": "堆積", "rd": "たいせき", "mn": "accumulation; pile; heap", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "堆肥", "rd": "たいひ", "mn": "compost; manure", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "褐", "g": 8, "o": 1966, "f": 2186, "j": null, "on": "カツ", "kun": "", "m": "brown; woollen kimono", "pm": "brown", "r": [{"c": "衤", "nj": "ころもへん", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "曷", "nj": "カツ", "ne": "why"}], "hc": "cloak; mexican bandit; muchacho; siesta; sun; day; aroma; bound up; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "brown", "hs": "The color of the serape or <i>cloak</i> of our muchacho on <i>siesta</i> is a dull <b>brown</b> , the color this kanji indicates.", "ks": "Mexicans use a cloak (pancho) for their siestas. Their color is usually brown.", "v": [{"w": "褐色", "rd": "かっしょく", "mn": "dark brown; colour of tanned skin", "fr": 20251}, {"w": "茶褐色", "rd": "ちゃかっしょく", "mn": "dark reddish-brown; liver color", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "賜", "g": 8, "o": 1967, "f": 2190, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "たまわ.る、たま.う、たも.う", "m": "grant; gift; boon; results", "pm": "grant", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "易", "nj": "エキ", "ne": "easy"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; easy; sun; day; knot; piglet’s tail", "hk": "grant", "hs": "Shells . . . easy.", "ks": "A <b>grant</b> is <i>easy money</i>.", "v": [{"w": "恩賜", "rd": "おんし", "mn": "Imperial gift", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "賜杯", "rd": "しはい", "mn": "Emperor's cup; trophy given by the Emperor", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "繕", "g": 8, "o": 1968, "f": 2195, "j": null, "on": "ゼン", "kun": "つくろ.う", "m": "darning; repair; mend; trim; tidy up; adjust", "pm": "darning", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "善", "nj": "ゼン", "ne": "virtuous"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; virtuous; sheep; horns; mouth", "hk": "darning", "hs": "Thread . . . virtuous.", "ks": "After a day being <i>virtuouos</i> and keeping the city safe, <i>Spiderman</i> 's outfit is in need of some repair. Luckily, as he can shoot out threads <b>darning</b> is very easy for him to do.", "v": [{"w": "修繕", "rd": "しゅうぜん", "mn": "repair; mending", "fr": 18286}, {"w": "繕う", "rd": "つくろう", "mn": "to mend; to patch up; to repair; to fix; to darn", "fr": 22058}, {"w": "営繕", "rd": "えいぜん", "mn": "maintenance and repair; upkeep (of equipment)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "栓", "g": 8, "o": 1969, "f": 2199, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "", "m": "plug; bolt; cork; bung; stopper", "pm": "plug", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "全", "nj": "ゼン", "ne": "whole"}], "hc": "tree; wood; whole; umbrella; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "plug", "hs": "Here we think of <b>plug</b> in the sense of a cork or stopper used to seal the mouth of a bottle, water faucet, or something with liquid running out of it. Forgetting the abstract picture of the former frame, let us work with all the primitive units: <i>tree</i> . . . <i>umbrella</i> . . . <i>ball</i>. Imagine a <i>tree</i> with a faucet in the side out of which tennis <i>balls</i> are flowing, bouncing all over the ground by the hundreds. You fight your way up to it and shove your giant beach <i>umbrella</i> into the <i>tree</i> to <b>plug</b> it up.", "ks": "To plug the hole, you need to use a whole piece of wood \\- like a cork or something.", "v": [{"w": "栓", "rd": "せん", "mn": "stopper; cork; plug; bung", "fr": 18685}, {"w": "栓抜き", "rd": "せんぬき", "mn": "bottle opener; corkscrew", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "芯", "g": 8, "o": 1970, "f": 2202, "j": null, "on": "シン", "kun": "", "m": "wick", "pm": "wick", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "flowers; heart", "hk": "wick", "hs": "Flowers . . . heart.", "ks": "Giving a girl <i>flowers</i> is like lighting the <b>wick</b> to her <i>heart</i>.", "v": [{"w": "芯", "rd": "しん", "mn": "wick; marrow; staple (for stapler); (pencil) lead; stuffing; pith", "fr": 5089}], "p": null}, {"k": "蜜", "g": 8, "o": 1971, "f": 2203, "j": null, "on": "ミツ、ビツ", "kun": "", "m": "honey; nectar; molasses", "pm": "honey", "r": [{"c": "宓", "nj": "ミチ", "ne": "quiet"}, {"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}], "hc": "house; invariably; heart; insect", "hk": "honey", "hs": "House . . . invariably . . . insect.", "ks": "When I think of <b>honey</b> , I think of a bee hive, which is a HOUSE that INVARIABLY has INSECTS.", "v": [{"w": "蜜", "rd": "みつ", "mn": "nectar", "fr": 7894}, {"w": "蜜柑", "rd": "みかん", "mn": "mandarin (esp. the satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu)); mandarin orange; tangerine", "fr": 16776}, {"w": "蜂蜜", "rd": "はちみつ", "mn": "honey", "fr": 18631}], "p": null}, {"k": "凹", "g": 8, "o": 1972, "f": 2206, "j": null, "on": "オウ", "kun": "くぼ.む、へこ.む、ぼこ", "m": "concave; hollow; sunken", "pm": "concave", "r": [{"c": "凵", "nj": "かんにょう", "ne": "container"}], "hc": "", "hk": "concave", "hs": "You couldn't have asked for a better key word for this kanji! Just have a look at it: a perfect image of a <b>concave</b> lens (remembering, of course, that the kanji square off rounded things), complete with its own little  \"cave.\" Now all you have to do is learn how to write it.", "ks": "The letter \"U\" is <b>concave</b> ly written.", "v": [{"w": "凹む", "rd": "へこむ", "mn": "to be dented; to be indented; to yield; to give; to sink; to collapse; to cave i", "fr": 17260}, {"w": "凹凸", "rd": "おうとつ", "mn": "unevenness; bumpiness; roughness; ruggedness", "fr": 18919}, {"w": "凸凹", "rd": "でこぼこ", "mn": "unevenness; roughness; ruggedness; bumpiness", "fr": 23405}], "p": null}, {"k": "艶", "g": 8, "o": 1973, "f": 2207, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "つや、なま.めかしい、あで.やか、つや.めく、なま.めく", "m": "glossy; luster; glaze; polish; charm; colorful; captivating", "pm": "glossy", "r": [{"c": "豊", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "bountiful"}, {"c": "色", "nj": "いろ", "ne": "color"}], "hc": "bountiful; bend; beans; table; one; mouth; colour; color; bound up; mosaic", "hk": "glossy", "hs": "Bountiful . . . color.", "ks": "To print something with bountiful colour, they use <b>glossy</b> paper.", "v": [{"w": "艶", "rd": "つや", "mn": "gloss; luster; lustre; shine; sheen; polish", "fr": 12092}, {"w": "艶々", "rd": "つやつや", "mn": "glossy; bright; slick", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "伺", "g": 8, "o": 1974, "f": 2209, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "うかが.う", "m": "pay respects; visit; ask; inquire; question; implore", "pm": "pay respects", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "司", "nj": "シ", "ne": "director"}], "hc": "person; director; Ken Russel; clothes hanger; coat hanger; one; mouth", "hk": "pay respects", "hs": "This honorific form of <i>call on</i> (Frame 534) is made up of: <i>person</i> . . . <i>director</i>.", "ks": "<i>Mr. T</i> is the <i>director</i>. You better <b>pay respects</b> to him!", "v": [{"w": "伺う", "rd": "うかがう", "mn": "to call on someone; to call at a place; to pay a visit; to wait on someone", "fr": 1933}, {"w": "進退伺い", "rd": "しんたいうかがい", "mn": "informal resignation; unofficial resignation", "fr": 80000}], "p": {"d": "N2 Kanji", "i": 0, "rp": 0, "l": 0, "n": ""}}, {"k": "股", "g": 8, "o": 1975, "f": 2212, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "また、もも", "m": "thigh; crotch", "pm": "thigh", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "thigh", "hs": "Flesh . . . missile.", "ks": "Where's my <i>flesh missile</i>? Between my <b>thighs</b> , naturally…", "v": [{"w": "股", "rd": "また", "mn": "groin; thigh; crotch; crutch", "fr": 8914}], "p": null}, {"k": "匂", "g": 8, "o": 1976, "f": 2213, "j": null, "on": "", "kun": "にお.う、にお.い、にお.わせる", "m": "fragrant; stink; glow; insinuate; (kokuji)", "pm": "fragrant", "r": [{"c": "勹", "nj": "つつみがまえ", "ne": "to wrap"}, {"c": "匕", "nj": "さじ", "ne": "spoon"}], "hc": "bound up; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "aroma", "hs": "You will have to imagine \"capturing\" a favorite <b>aroma</b> by having it gagged and <i>bound up</i>  in a <i>spoon</i>.", "ks": "The aroma of any delicacy is bound up in a spoon.", "v": [{"w": "匂い", "rd": "におい", "mn": "smell; scent; odour; odor; stench", "fr": 1509}, {"w": "匂う", "rd": "におう", "mn": "to be fragrant; to smell (good)", "fr": 16177}], "p": null}, {"k": "玩", "g": 8, "o": 1977, "f": 2216, "j": null, "on": "ガン", "kun": "もちあそ.ぶ、もてあそ.ぶ", "m": "play; take pleasure in; trifle with; make sport of", "pm": "play", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "元", "nj": "ゲン", "ne": "beginning"}], "hc": "king; jewel; ball; beginning; two; human legs", "hk": "toy", "hs": "If, at some aboriginal level, <b>Toys</b> Я Us, then the archetypal <i>ball</i> must have been there at the <i>beginning</i> , before evolving into beach balls, ping- pong balls, rugby balls, and marbles.", "ks": "Even the king played with toy s in the beginning.", "v": [{"w": "玩具", "rd": "おもちゃ", "mn": "toy", "fr": 10673}], "p": null}, {"k": "錬", "g": 8, "o": 1978, "f": 2221, "j": null, "on": "レン", "kun": "ね.る", "m": "tempering; refine; drill; train; polish", "pm": "tempering", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "東", "nj": "トウ", "ne": "east"}], "hc": "metal; gold; east; tree; wood; sun; day", "hk": "tempering", "hs": "", "ks": "<b>Tempering</b> should be done with the <i>metal</i> facing <i>east</i>. (If not, the metal may pick up the earth's magnetic field).", "v": [{"w": "鍛錬", "rd": "たんれん", "mn": "tempering (metal); annealing; forging", "fr": 10081}, {"w": "錬金術", "rd": "れんきんじゅつ", "mn": "alchemy", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "錬金術師", "rd": "れんきんじゅつし", "mn": "alchemist", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "蜂", "g": 8, "o": 1979, "f": 2223, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "はち", "m": "bee; wasp; hornet", "pm": "bee", "r": [{"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}, {"c": "夆", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "resist"}], "hc": "insect; Segway; Macbeth; walking legs; bushes", "hk": "bee", "hs": "Insect . . . walking legs . . . bushes.", "ks": "A <b>bee</b> is an <i>insect</i> with a <i>pointy</i> (see [summit](../v4/1562.html) (#1562 峰)) stinger.", "v": [{"w": "蜂", "rd": "はち", "mn": "bee; wasp; hornet", "fr": 16234}, {"w": "蜂蜜", "rd": "はちみつ", "mn": "honey", "fr": 18631}], "p": null}, {"k": "衷", "g": 8, "o": 1980, "f": 2229, "j": null, "on": "チュウ", "kun": "", "m": "inmost; heart; mind; inside", "pm": "inmost", "r": [{"c": "衣", "nj": "ころも", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "丨", "nj": "たてぼう", "ne": "vertical stroke"}], "hc": "ten; needle; mouth; scarf", "hk": "inmost", "hs": "Between the <i>top hat</i> and the <i>scarf</i> you will see the character for <i>in</i> which is truncated at the bottom so as not to interfere with the <i>scarf</i>. You can think of this character forming as a pair with that of the former frame: there the <i>in</i> (the <i>walking stick</i> in the <i>mouth</i> ) was set on its side, here it is set upright.", "ks": "I'm going with 9 strokes: the magician pulled 10 scarves from the inmost part of his mouth.", "v": [{"w": "折衷", "rd": "せっちゅう", "mn": "compromise; cross; blending; eclecticism", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "和洋折衷", "rd": "わようせっちゅう", "mn": "blending of Japanese and Western styles", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "衷心", "rd": "ちゅうしん", "mn": "innermost feelings", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "逐", "g": 8, "o": 1981, "f": 2230, "j": null, "on": "チク", "kun": "", "m": "pursue; drive away; chase; accomplish; attain; commit", "pm": "pursue", "r": [{"c": "豕", "nj": "いのこ", "ne": "pig"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "sow; pig; road", "hk": "pursue", "hs": "Sows . . . road.", "ks": "In order to hunt for food one must pursue the fat sow on the road.", "v": [{"w": "駆逐", "rd": "くちく", "mn": "expulsion; driving out; driving away; extermination", "fr": 16588}, {"w": "逐一", "rd": "ちくいち", "mn": "one by one; in detail; minutely", "fr": 16681}, {"w": "放逐", "rd": "ほうちく", "mn": "expulsion; ousting; ejection; dismissal; banishment", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "逐次", "rd": "ちくじ", "mn": "successively; one after another; sequentially; one by one", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "駆逐艦", "rd": "くちくかん", "mn": "destroyer (ship)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "斥", "g": 8, "o": 1982, "f": 2231, "j": null, "on": "セキ", "kun": "しりぞ.ける", "m": "reject; retreat; recede; withdraw; repel; repulse", "pm": "reject", "r": [{"c": "斤", "nj": "おのづくり", "ne": "axe"}, {"c": "丶", "nj": "てん", "ne": "dot"}], "hc": "axe; drop", "hk": "reject", "hs": "Ax . . . a drop of.", "ks": "The kids at school used to <b>reject</b> me.. Made me feel really bad till I brought my <i>axe</i> to school. See the <i>drop</i> of blood on it?", "v": [{"w": "排斥", "rd": "はいせき", "mn": "rejection; expulsion; boycott; ostracism", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "詔", "g": 8, "o": 1983, "f": 2239, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "みことのり", "m": "imperial edict", "pm": "imperial edict", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "召", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "seduce"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; summon; seduce; sword; dagger; mouth", "hk": "imperial edict", "hs": "The <b>imperial edict</b> , spoken with the force of unquestionable law, is made up of <i>words</i> intended to <i>seduce</i> the masses - be it through fear or respect - to follow obediently.", "ks": "The WORDS of an IMPERIAL EDICT are meant to SEDUCE the people and make them obey.", "v": [{"w": "詔", "rd": "みことのり", "mn": "imperial decree; imperial edict", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "詔書", "rd": "しょうしょ", "mn": "imperial edict; decree", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "椅", "g": 8, "o": 1984, "f": 2245, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "", "m": "chair", "pm": "chair", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "奇", "nj": "キ", "ne": "strange"}], "hc": "tree; wood; strange; large; St. Bernard; street; nail; spike; mouth", "hk": "chair", "hs": "Instead of making a <b>chair</b> out of wood from a <i>tree</i> , this kanji has us making the whole <i>tree</i> into a <b>chair</b> , which looks most <i>strange</i> sitting in your living room where the sofa used to be.", "ks": "A strange kind of tree grows in the shape of a chair.", "v": [{"w": "椅子", "rd": "いす", "mn": "chair; seat; stool; bench", "fr": 2713}, {"w": "車椅子", "rd": "くるまいす", "mn": "wheelchair", "fr": 20989}], "p": null}, {"k": "挨", "g": 8, "o": 1985, "f": 2258, "j": null, "on": "アイ", "kun": "ひら.く", "m": "approach; draw near; push open", "pm": "approach", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "矣", "nj": "イ", "ne": "sentence particle"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; elbow; dart; drop; heavens", "hk": "shove", "hs": "Fingers . . . elbow . . . dart.", "ks": "In the busy pub, one of the <i>dart</i> players <b>shove</b> d his dart into my <i>elbow</i> by accident when it nearly slipped out of his <i>fingers</i>.", "v": [{"w": "挨拶", "rd": "あいさつ", "mn": "greeting; greetings; salutation; salute", "fr": 1276}], "p": null}, {"k": "憧", "g": 8, "o": 1986, "f": 2259, "j": null, "on": "ショウ、トウ、ドウ", "kun": "あこが.れる", "m": "yearn after; long for; aspire to; admire; adore", "pm": "yearn after", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "童", "nj": "ドウ", "ne": "juvenile"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; juvenile; vase; stand up; computer", "hk": "yearn", "hs": "Think of the <i>state of mind</i>  you were in as a child with a particularly <i>juvenile</i>   <b>yearning</b>.", "ks": "A paedophile's <i>state of mind</i> is to <b>yearn</b> for <i>juveniles</i>.", "v": [{"w": "憧れる", "rd": "あこがれる", "mn": "to long for; to yearn for; to hanker after; to be attracted by; to be drawn to; ", "fr": 2196}, {"w": "憧れ", "rd": "あこがれ", "mn": "yearning; longing; aspiration; adoration; admiration", "fr": 2794}, {"w": "憧れの的", "rd": "あこがれのまと", "mn": "object of adoration, longing", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "宵", "g": 8, "o": 1987, "f": 2262, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "よい", "m": "wee hours; evening; early night", "pm": "wee hours", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "肖", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "resemblance"}], "hc": "house; resemblance; spark; candle; small; little; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "wee hours", "hs": "As the key word hints, the kanji in this frame refers to the late evening or early morning hours, well after one should be in bed asleep. It does this by picturing a <i>house</i> with a <i>candle</i> in it. The reason is obvious: whoever is living there is  \"burning the <i>candle</i> at both ends, \" and working night after night into the <b>wee hours</b>.", "ks": "I burn the CANDLE in my HOUSE until the <b>WEE HOURS</b> reviewing the kanji!!!", "v": [{"w": "今宵", "rd": "こよい", "mn": "this evening; tonight", "fr": 9737}, {"w": "宵", "rd": "よい", "mn": "evening; early night hours", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "妄", "g": 8, "o": 1988, "f": 2264, "j": null, "on": "モウ、ボウ", "kun": "みだ.りに", "m": "delusion; unnecessarily; without authority; reckless", "pm": "delusion", "r": [{"c": "亡", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "deceased"}, {"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}], "hc": "deceased; perish; top hat; fishhook; woman", "hk": "delusion", "hs": "The \"ideal <i>woman</i> \" one daydreams about is no more than a <b>delusion</b>. Hence, <i>perish</i> the thought of her.", "ks": "If you think you should perish for that woman , you have a major delusion.", "v": [{"w": "妄想", "rd": "もうそう", "mn": "delusion; wild idea; (wild) fancy; (ridiculous) fantasy", "fr": 3086}], "p": null}, {"k": "酌", "g": 8, "o": 1989, "f": 2271, "j": null, "on": "シャク", "kun": "く.む", "m": "bar-tending; serving sake; the host; draw (water); ladle; scoop; pump", "pm": "bar-tending", "r": [{"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}, {"c": "勺", "nj": "シャク", "ne": "ladle"}], "hc": "whiskey bottle; ladle", "hk": "bartending", "hs": "Whiskey bottle . . . ladle.", "ks": "Old fashioned bartending had the server ladle out the alcohol from a giant whiskey bottle.", "v": [{"w": "媒酌", "rd": "ばいしゃく", "mn": "matchmaking; acting as a go-between", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "晩酌", "rd": "ばんしゃく", "mn": "drink at home with one's evening meal; dinner-time drink", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "餌", "g": 8, "o": 1990, "f": 2277, "j": null, "on": "ジ、ニ", "kun": "え、えば、えさ、もち", "m": "food; bait; prey; tempting profit", "pm": "food", "r": [{"c": "耳", "nj": "みみ", "ne": "ear"}], "hc": "eat; food; umbrella; good; halo; drop; silver; ear", "hk": "feed", "hs": "<i>Food</i> . . . <i>ear</i>. The sense of the key word here is that of bait or <b>feed</b> for animals.", "ks": "<i>Food</i> made of <i>ears</i> is animal <b>feed</b>.", "v": [{"w": "餌", "rd": "えさ", "mn": "(animal) feed; fodder; pet food", "fr": 3777}], "p": null}, {"k": "頒", "g": 8, "o": 1991, "f": 2287, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "わ.かつ、わ.ける", "m": "distribute; disseminate; partition; understand", "pm": "distribute", "r": [{"c": "分", "nj": "ブン", "ne": "part"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "part; eight; sword; dagger; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "partition", "hs": "Part . . . head.", "ks": "The PART of my HEAD where I remember the KANJI is in the kanji <b>PARTITION</b>.", "v": [{"w": "頒布", "rd": "はんぷ", "mn": "distribution; circulation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "肢", "g": 8, "o": 1992, "f": 2289, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "", "m": "limb; arms & legs", "pm": "limb", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "支", "nj": "しにょう", "ne": "branch"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; branch; ten; needle; crotch", "hk": "limb", "hs": "Part of the body . . . branch.", "ks": "Limb s are body parts that branch off.", "v": [{"w": "選択肢", "rd": "せんたくし", "mn": "choices; alternatives; options", "fr": 2957}, {"w": "四肢", "rd": "しし", "mn": "the (four) limbs; arms and legs", "fr": 11447}, {"w": "肢体", "rd": "したい", "mn": "limbs; arms and legs; body", "fr": 12310}, {"w": "下肢", "rd": "かし", "mn": "lower limbs; legs", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "謄", "g": 8, "o": 1993, "f": 2295, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "", "m": "mimeograph; copy", "pm": "mimeograph", "r": [{"c": "朕", "nj": "チン", "ne": "majestic plural"}, {"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}], "hc": "mimeograph; facsimile; edam; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; quarter; say; words; keitai; mouth", "hk": "facsimilie", "hs": "Moon . . . quarter . . . words.", "ks": "When you send a facsimile to the moon it costs a quarter per word.", "v": [{"w": "戸籍謄本", "rd": "こせきとうほん", "mn": "official copy of the family register", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "謄本", "rd": "とうほん", "mn": "certified copy; transcript", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "脊", "g": 8, "o": 1994, "f": 2299, "j": null, "on": "セキ", "kun": "せ、せい", "m": "stature; height; spine", "pm": "stature", "r": [{"c": "人", "nj": "ひと", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "I Ching; Master Po; umbrella; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "spinal column", "hs": "The <b>spinal column</b> has sprouted out of the <i>flesh</i> of your back into an <i>umbrella</i> that you always have with you, rain or shine. The pair of 2s on each side are the  \"ribs\" of the <i>umbrella</i>. Take care to keep your image of the key word distinct from that for spine (Frame 24).", "ks": "\"Look\", says the teacher in biology class. \"The <b>spinal column</b> holds your <i>flesh</i> together, just like the metal rod of this <i>umbrella</i> (he demonstrates this with an umbrella covered in <i>I-Ching</i> symbols) holds the umbrella together\".", "v": [{"w": "脊髄", "rd": "せきずい", "mn": "spinal cord", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "嗣", "g": 8, "o": 1995, "f": 2310, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "", "m": "heir; succeed", "pm": "heir", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "冊", "nj": "サツ", "ne": "tome"}, {"c": "司", "nj": "シ", "ne": "director"}], "hc": "mouth; scrapbook; glass canopy; hood; flowers; director; Ken Russel; clothes hanger; coat hanger; one; mouth", "hk": "heir", "hs": "Mouth . . . scrapbook . . . director.", "ks": "The <i>director</i> 's <i>mouth</i> dropped open as he flipped through the <i>scrapbook</i> of properties he was about to become <b>heir</b> to.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "凄", "g": 8, "o": 1996, "f": 2313, "j": null, "on": "セイ、サイ", "kun": "さむ.い、すご.い、すさ.まじい", "m": "uncanny; weird; threatening; horrible", "pm": "uncanny", "r": [{"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}, {"c": "妻", "nj": "サイ", "ne": "wife"}], "hc": "ice; wife; ten; needle; rake; woman", "hk": "nifty", "hs": "Ice . . . wife.", "ks": "Sugoi! Sugoi! Ice Wife Sugoi!", "v": [{"w": "凄い", "rd": "すごい", "mn": "terrible; dreadful", "fr": 3531}, {"w": "凄まじい", "rd": "すさまじい", "mn": "terrible; dreadful; awful; horrible; ghastly", "fr": 7367}, {"w": "物凄い", "rd": "ものすごい", "mn": "terrific; staggering; tremendous; incredible; extreme", "fr": 15207}], "p": null}, {"k": "嫉", "g": 8, "o": 1997, "f": 2317, "j": null, "on": "シツ", "kun": "そね.む、ねた.む、にく.む", "m": "jealous; envy", "pm": "jealous", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "疾", "nj": "シツ", "ne": "rapidly"}], "hc": "woman; rapidly; sickness; hospital; dart; drop; heavens", "hk": "envy", "hs": "Woman . . . rapidly.", "ks": "If you go through <i>women</i> <i>rapidly</i> you will be the object of <b>envy</b>.", "v": [{"w": "嫉妬", "rd": "しっと", "mn": "jealousy; envy", "fr": 2652}], "p": null}, {"k": "膝", "g": 8, "o": 1998, "f": 2320, "j": null, "on": "シツ", "kun": "ひざ", "m": "knee; lap", "pm": "knee", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "氺", "nj": "したみず", "ne": "water"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; tree; wood; umbrella; grains of rice", "hk": "knee", "hs": "Flesh . . . tree . . . umbrella . . . rice grains.", "ks": "The knee s are the part of the body that I protect with lacquer ed knee pads.", "v": [{"w": "膝", "rd": "ひざ", "mn": "knee", "fr": 2982}], "p": null}, {"k": "恣", "g": 8, "o": 1999, "f": 2325, "j": null, "on": "シ", "kun": "ほしいまま", "m": "selfish; arbitrary", "pm": "selfish", "r": [{"c": "次", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "next"}, {"c": "心", "nj": "こころ", "ne": "heart"}], "hc": "", "hk": "selfish", "hs": "Second . . . heart.", "ks": "A selfish person doesn't care about the next person's heart , only their own.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "畝", "g": 8, "o": 2000, "f": 2327, "j": null, "on": "ボウ、ホ、モ、ム", "kun": "せ、うね", "m": "furrow; thirty tsubo; ridge; rib", "pm": "furrow", "r": [{"c": "亩", "nj": "", "ne": ""}, {"c": "久", "nj": "キュウ", "ne": "long time"}], "hc": "top hat; rice field; brains; long time; mummy; bound up; person", "hk": "furrow", "hs": "Think of the three kinds of <b>furrows</b> shown here in this character - a <i>top hat's</i> rim, a <i>rice field's</i> ridges, and the wrinkles that show you've been around a <i>long time</i>.", "ks": "Using a TOP HAT to make <b>FURROW</b> S in the RICE FIELD takes a LONG TIME!", "v": [{"w": "畝", "rd": "うね", "mn": "ridge (in field); row of raised earth when planting crops", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "抄", "g": 8, "o": 2001, "f": 2328, "j": null, "on": "ショウ", "kun": "", "m": "extract; selection; summary; copy; spread thin", "pm": "extract", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "少", "nj": "ショウ", "ne": "few"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; few", "hk": "extract", "hs": "Fingers . . . a few.", "ks": "You can <b>extract</b> her juices by inserting a <i>few fingers</i>.", "v": [{"w": "抄本", "rd": "しょうほん", "mn": "excerpt; abridgment; abridgement; book of selections", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "抄録", "rd": "しょうろく", "mn": "quotation; abstract; selection; summary", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "麺", "g": 8, "o": 2002, "f": 2331, "j": null, "on": "メン、ベン", "kun": "むぎこ", "m": "noodles; wheat flour", "pm": "noodles", "r": [{"c": "麦", "nj": "むぎ", "ne": "wheat"}, {"c": "面", "nj": "めん", "ne": "face"}], "hc": "barley; grow up; walking legs; mask; hundred; one; ceiling; drop; pent in; eye", "hk": "noodles", "hs": "Barley . . . mask.", "ks": "Don't be fooled! That's just barley masq uerading as noodles.", "v": [{"w": "麺", "rd": "めん", "mn": "noodles", "fr": 12783}], "p": null}, {"k": "戴", "g": 8, "o": 2003, "f": 2332, "j": null, "on": "タイ", "kun": "いただ.く", "m": "be crowned with; live under (a ruler); receive", "pm": "be crowned with", "r": [{"c": "異", "nj": "イ", "ne": "uncommon"}], "hc": "Thanksgiving; harvest festival; ten; needle; fiesta; uncommon; rice field; brains; strung together; salad; animal legs; eight", "hk": "accept humbly", "hs": "Thanksgiving . . . uncommon.", "ks": "At <i>Thanksgiving</i> , it’s <i>uncommon</i> for people to <b>accept humbly</b> the food: most people just dig in.", "v": [{"w": "頂戴", "rd": "ちょうだい", "mn": "receiving; getting; accepting; being given", "fr": 4777}], "p": null}, {"k": "爽", "g": 8, "o": 2004, "f": 2333, "j": null, "on": "ソウ", "kun": "あき.らか、さわ.やか、たがう", "m": "refreshing; bracing; resonant; sweet; clear", "pm": "refreshing", "r": [{"c": "大", "nj": "だい", "ne": "large"}, {"c": "爻", "nj": "こう", "ne": "to mix"}], "hc": "large; St. Bernard; sheaf", "hk": "bracing", "hs": "The sense of the key word is of something refreshing and invigorating. It is made up of the <i>St. Bernard</i> and a pair of <i>sheaves</i> on each side.", "ks": "The <i>St Bernard</i> is <b>bracing</b> itself for an operation requiring <i>four stitches</i>.", "v": [{"w": "爽やか", "rd": "さわやか", "mn": "fresh; refreshing; invigorating; pleasant; delightful", "fr": 5496}, {"w": "爽快", "rd": "そうかい", "mn": "refreshing; exhilarating; invigorating; bracing", "fr": 16973}], "p": null}, {"k": "裾", "g": 8, "o": 2005, "f": 2334, "j": null, "on": "キョ、コ", "kun": "すそ", "m": "cuff; hem; foot of mountain", "pm": "cuff", "r": [{"c": "衤", "nj": "ころもへん", "ne": "clothing"}, {"c": "居", "nj": "キョ", "ne": "reside"}], "hc": "cloak; reside; flag; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "hem", "hs": "Cloak . . . reside.", "ks": "I hem a new cloak with old flags.", "v": [{"w": "裾", "rd": "すそ", "mn": "hem; (trouser) cuff; shirttail; bottom (of a kimono); train (of a dress)", "fr": 5765}], "p": null}, {"k": "惰", "g": 8, "o": 2006, "f": 2336, "j": null, "on": "ダ", "kun": "", "m": "lazy; laziness", "pm": "lazy", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "左", "nj": "サ", "ne": "left"}, {"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}], "hc": "Freud; state of mind; left-handed; left; by one’s side; craft; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "lazy", "hs": "<i>State of mind</i> . . . <i>left</i> (i.e.  \"sinister\") . . . <i>flesh</i>.", "ks": "When in a lazy state of mind, the things you need to do are left for next month.", "v": [{"w": "怠惰", "rd": "たいだ", "mn": "lazy; idle; indolent; slothful", "fr": 16327}, {"w": "惰性", "rd": "だせい", "mn": "force of habit", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "蛮", "g": 8, "o": 2007, "f": 2339, "j": null, "on": "バン", "kun": "えびす", "m": "barbarian", "pm": "barbarian", "r": [{"c": "亦", "nj": "エキ", "ne": "also"}, {"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}], "hc": "apple; insect", "hk": "barbarian", "hs": "Apple . . . insects.", "ks": "Barbarian s eat apples with worms still in them.", "v": [{"w": "野蛮", "rd": "やばん", "mn": "savage; barbarous; barbaric; uncivilized; uncivilised", "fr": 11014}, {"w": "南蛮", "rd": "なんばん", "mn": "southern barbarians (name used in ancient China for non-Chinese ethnic groups to", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蛮勇", "rd": "ばんゆう", "mn": "foolhardiness; recklessness; savage valour; savage valor; brute courage", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "蛮行", "rd": "ばんこう", "mn": "act of barbarity; barbarism; brutality; savagery", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "旺", "g": 8, "o": 2008, "f": 2342, "j": null, "on": "オウ", "kun": "さかん", "m": "flourishing; successful; beautiful; vigorous", "pm": "flourishing", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}], "hc": "sun; day; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "effulgent", "hs": "The radiant, <b>effulgent</b> splendor of he <i>sun</i> makes it <i>king</i> of all the planets and other stars. Just to be sure you don't take this too abstractly, picture the <i>sun</i> seated on a throne, flourishing its <i>scepter</i> this way and that.", "ks": "The sun is the effulgent king of stars.", "v": [{"w": "旺盛", "rd": "おうせい", "mn": "lively; vigorous; energetic; healthy; avid (e.g. desire); rich (e.g. imagination", "fr": 13691}], "p": null}, {"k": "冥", "g": 8, "o": 2009, "f": 2349, "j": null, "on": "メイ、ミョウ", "kun": "くら.い", "m": "dark", "pm": "dark", "r": [{"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "六", "nj": "ロク", "ne": "six"}], "hc": "hades; crown; sun; day; six", "hk": "Hades", "hs": "The key word in this frame refers to the underworld, the world of the dead. By way of the classic Greek association, it is also used for the \"dwarf planet\" Pluto. Since no one knows precisely when this part of the cosmos was finished, we may imagine it as the <i>crowning</i> deed of <i>day six</i> of the creation.", "ks": "The beast of <b>hades</b> one <i>day</i> will wear a <i>crown</i> , and the number of the beast is <i>666</i>.", "v": [{"w": "冥福", "rd": "めいふく", "mn": "happiness in the next world; heavenly bliss; repose of one's soul", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "壱", "g": 8, "o": 2010, "f": 2351, "j": null, "on": "イチ、イツ", "kun": "ひとつ", "m": "one (in documents)", "pm": "one (in documents)", "r": [{"c": "士", "nj": "さむらい", "ne": "man"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "匕", "nj": "さじ", "ne": "spoon"}], "hc": "1 (one); samurai; crown; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "I (one)", "hs": "The Roman numeral I - like that for II we met earlier in frame 379 - is only rarely used now. In the midst of all the <i>samurai</i> , we notice one in particular <i>sitting on the ground</i> with a <i>crown</i> on his head, indicating that he is  \"number I\" in the current rankings.", "ks": "I am 'the one' , says the samurai with the crown around his waist and a spoon up his a***.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "瑠", "g": 8, "o": 2011, "f": 2352, "j": null, "on": "ル、リュウ", "kun": "", "m": "lapis lazuli", "pm": "lapis lazuli", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "留", "nj": "リュウ", "ne": "detain"}], "hc": "king; jewel; ball; detain; receipt; dagger; sword; rice field; brains", "hk": "marine blue", "hs": "Jewel . . . detain.", "ks": "“The <i>king</i> has been <i>detained</i> by some marines!” “How do you know they were marines?” “Because they were wearing <b>marine blue</b>.”.", "v": [{"w": "瑠璃", "rd": "るり", "mn": "lapis lazuli", "fr": 16785}], "p": null}, {"k": "侯", "g": 8, "o": 2012, "f": 2363, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "", "m": "marquis; lord; daimyo", "pm": "marquis", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "矢", "nj": "や", "ne": "arrow"}], "hc": "person; key; dart; drop; heavens", "hk": "marquis", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>key</i> . . . <i>dart</i>. Hint: the pun suggested by the pronunciation of the key word and the primitive for <i>key</i> may come in helpful.", "ks": "MR.T had one final challenge before he would be promoted to a MARQUIS. He must shoot a DART through the hole of a KEY.", "v": [{"w": "侯", "rd": "こう", "mn": "marquis", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "侯爵", "rd": "こうしゃく", "mn": "marquis; marquess", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "王侯", "rd": "おうこう", "mn": "the king and his feudal lords", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "麓", "g": 8, "o": 2013, "f": 2366, "j": null, "on": "ロク", "kun": "ふもと", "m": "foot of a mountain", "pm": "foot of a mountain", "r": [{"c": "林", "nj": "リン", "ne": "grove"}, {"c": "鹿", "nj": "しか", "ne": "deer"}], "hc": "grove; tree; wood; deer; cave; antlers; compare; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "foot of a mountain", "hs": "Grove . . . deer.", "ks": "Many <i>deer</i> can be found in the <i>grove</i> at the <b>foot of a mountain</b>.", "v": [{"w": "麓", "rd": "ふもと", "mn": "foot (of a mountain or hill); bottom; base", "fr": 15792}], "p": null}, {"k": "弧", "g": 8, "o": 2014, "f": 2371, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "", "m": "arc; arch; bow", "pm": "arc", "r": [{"c": "弓", "nj": "ゆみ", "ne": "bow （in archery）"}, {"c": "瓜", "nj": "うり", "ne": "melon"}], "hc": "bow; melon; claw; vulture; elbow", "hk": "arc", "hs": "Bow . . . melon.", "ks": "Arc –>arch–> a girl arches her back as Legolas strokes her melons.", "v": [{"w": "括弧", "rd": "かっこ", "mn": "brackets; parentheses", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "円弧", "rd": "えんこ", "mn": "arc", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "稽", "g": 8, "o": 2015, "f": 2372, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "かんが.える、とど.める", "m": "think; consider", "pm": "think", "r": [{"c": "禾", "nj": "のぎへん", "ne": "grain"}, {"c": "尤", "nj": "ユウ", "ne": "reasonable"}, {"c": "旨", "nj": "シ", "ne": "delicious"}], "hc": "wheat; cereal; understandably; chihuahua with one human leg; delicious; spoon; sitting on the ground; sun; day", "hk": "training", "hs": "Wheat . . . chihuahua with one human leg . . . delicious.", "ks": "After a hard day of training , wheat is understandably delicious.", "v": [{"w": "稽古", "rd": "けいこ", "mn": "practice; practising; training; study", "fr": 7838}, {"w": "滑稽", "rd": "こっけい", "mn": "funny; comical; humorous; laughable", "fr": 8000}], "p": null}, {"k": "蹴", "g": 8, "o": 2016, "f": 2377, "j": null, "on": "シュク、シュウ", "kun": "け.る", "m": "kick", "pm": "kick", "r": [{"c": "足", "nj": "あし", "ne": "foot"}, {"c": "就", "nj": "シュウ", "ne": "concerning"}], "hc": "wooden leg; mouth; stop; footprint; concerning; capital; tall; top hat; mouth; small; little; understandably; chihuahua with one human leg", "hk": "kick", "hs": "Wooden leg . . . concerning.", "ks": "The soccer player was <i>concerned</i> that his <i>peg leg</i> would affect his ability to <b>kick</b>.", "v": [{"w": "蹴る", "rd": "ける", "mn": "to kick", "fr": 2763}], "p": null}, {"k": "訃", "g": 8, "o": 2017, "f": 2379, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "しらせ", "m": "obituary", "pm": "obituary", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "卜", "nj": "ぼく", "ne": "oracle"}], "hc": "", "hk": "obituary", "hs": "The <i>words</i> of this <b>obituary</b> work like a <i>magic wand</i> , conjuring up the desceased.", "ks": "<b>Obituary</b>. As a famous man lay dying, the media were already preparing the <i>words</i> of his <b>obituary</b> until a magician, with a wave of his <i>wand</i> , restored the man back to health.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "蓋", "g": 8, "o": 2018, "f": 2388, "j": null, "on": "ガイ、カイ、コウ", "kun": "ふた、けだ.し、おお.う、かさ、かこう", "m": "cover; lid; flap", "pm": "cover", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "盍", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "come together"}], "hc": "flowers; gone; soil; dirt; ground; elbow; dish", "hk": "lid", "hs": "Flowers . . . gone . . . dish.", "ks": "The <b>lid</b> of this <i>dish</i> is <i>gone</i>! Now the whole room smells of the <i>flowers</i> that were used in the cooking.", "v": [{"w": "蓋", "rd": "ふた", "mn": "cover; lid; cap", "fr": 6835}], "p": null}, {"k": "畏", "g": 8, "o": 2019, "f": 2389, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "おそ.れる、かしこま.る、かしこ、かしこ.し", "m": "fear; majestic; graciously; be apprehensive", "pm": "fear", "r": [{"c": "田", "nj": "た", "ne": "rice paddy"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}], "hc": "rice field; brains; hairpin; safety-pin", "hk": "apprehensive", "hs": "Field . . . hairpin.", "ks": "The man being tortured was <b>apprehensive</b> as he saw his tormentor approaching with a <i>hairpin</i> poised to pierce his <i>brain</i>!", "v": [{"w": "畏まりました", "rd": "かしこまりました", "mn": "certainly!; very well; with pleasure; understood!", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "喉", "g": 8, "o": 2020, "f": 2390, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "のど", "m": "throat; voice", "pm": "throat", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "侯", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "marquis"}], "hc": "mouth; marquis; person; key; dart; drop; heavens", "hk": "throat", "hs": "Mouth . . . marquis.", "ks": "\"If the <i>marquis</i> opens his <i>mouth</i> one more time, I'll cut his <b>throat</b> \", his rival the baron said.", "v": [{"w": "喉", "rd": "のど", "mn": "throat", "fr": 2464}], "p": null}, {"k": "附", "g": 8, "o": 2021, "f": 2396, "j": null, "on": "フ", "kun": "つ.ける、つ.く", "m": "affixed; attach; refer to; append", "pm": "affixed", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "付", "nj": "フ", "ne": "adhere"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; adhere; sellotape; person; glue", "hk": "affixed", "hs": "Pinnacle . . . adhere.", "ks": "A sign was <b>AFFIXED</b> on the PINNACLE of the Acropolis so that tourists would ADHERE to the rules.", "v": [{"w": "附属", "rd": "ふぞく", "mn": "being attached (to); being affiliated (to); belonging (to); going with", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "但", "g": 8, "o": 2022, "f": 2404, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "ただ.し", "m": "however; but", "pm": "however", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "旦", "nj": "タン", "ne": "daybreak"}], "hc": "person; nightbreak; sun; day; one; floor", "hk": "however", "hs": "Person . . . nightbreak.", "ks": "<b>However</b> drunk Mr T is when he comes back to his place, he always get up at nightbreak. “I pity da foo who gets up after nightbreak !”, says Mr. T.", "v": [{"w": "但し", "rd": "ただし", "mn": "but; however; provided that", "fr": 1369}], "p": null}, {"k": "芋", "g": 8, "o": 2023, "f": 2418, "j": null, "on": "ウ", "kun": "いも", "m": "taro; yam; tuber", "pm": "taro", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "于", "nj": "ウ", "ne": "going"}], "hc": "flowers", "hk": "potato", "hs": "Flowers . . . potato.", "ks": "If your <b>potato</b> s are growing <i>flowers</i> and those little <i>hooked roots</i> , you should either buy less or eat them faster.", "v": [{"w": "芋", "rd": "いも", "mn": "tuber; taro; potato; yam", "fr": 13568}, {"w": "さつま芋", "rd": "さつまいも", "mn": "sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "じゃが芋", "rd": "じゃがいも", "mn": "potato (Solanum tuberosum)", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "焼き芋", "rd": "やきいも", "mn": "roasted sweet potato; baked sweet potato", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "拭", "g": 8, "o": 2024, "f": 2421, "j": null, "on": "ショク、シキ", "kun": "ぬぐ.う、ふ.く", "m": "wipe; mop; swab", "pm": "wipe", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "式", "nj": "シキ", "ne": "style"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; style; arrow; craft", "hk": "wipe", "hs": "Fingers . . . style.", "ks": "Why carry a handkerchief? I <b>wipe</b> my nose <i>finger-style</i>.", "v": [{"w": "拭く", "rd": "ふく", "mn": "to wipe; to dry", "fr": 2750}, {"w": "拭う", "rd": "ぬぐう", "mn": "to wipe; to mop up", "fr": 4109}, {"w": "払拭", "rd": "ふっしょく", "mn": "wiping out; sweeping away; eradicating; dispelling", "fr": 13650}], "p": null}, {"k": "婆", "g": 8, "o": 2025, "f": 2435, "j": null, "on": "バ", "kun": "ばば、ばあ", "m": "old woman; grandma; wet nurse", "pm": "old woman", "r": [{"c": "波", "nj": "ハ", "ne": "waves"}, {"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}], "hc": "wave; water; water droplets; water pistol; pelt; branch; ten; needle; crotch; hook; woman", "hk": "old woman", "hs": "Waves . . . woman.", "ks": "An <b>old woman</b> is seen here as a woman with waves (i.e. wrinkles, creases).", "v": [{"w": "老婆", "rd": "ろうば", "mn": "old woman", "fr": 16439}, {"w": "婆さん", "rd": "ばあさん", "mn": "grandmother", "fr": 21183}], "p": null}, {"k": "貼", "g": 8, "o": 2026, "f": 2444, "j": null, "on": "テン、チョウ", "kun": "は.る、つ.く", "m": "stick; paste; apply", "pm": "stick", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "占", "nj": "セン", "ne": "fortune-telling"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; fortune-telling; magic wand; augury; mouth", "hk": "post a bill", "hs": "The key word in this frame has do with <b>posting bills</b> to a billboard. In this case, the billboard is standing at the exit to a Chinese restaurant displaying the latest alternative to the tradition <i>fortune-telling</i> cookies. Look closely and you will see rows of leftover shells of <i>clams</i> with little slips of paper sticking out of them <b>posted</b> to the billboard.", "ks": "Fortune teller writes your fortune on a piece of paper and tells you to <b>affix</b> it to a shell and throw into the ocean for it to come true. Picture licking the back of the shell like a stamp and <b>affix</b> ing it to the fortune.", "v": [{"w": "貼る", "rd": "はる", "mn": "to stick; to paste; to affix", "fr": 3255}, {"w": "貼り付ける", "rd": "はりつける", "mn": "to paste; to stick; to affix", "fr": 12320}, {"w": "貼付", "rd": "ちょうふ", "mn": "pasting; sticking; attaching; affixing; appending", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "倣", "g": 8, "o": 2027, "f": 2454, "j": null, "on": "ホウ", "kun": "なら.う", "m": "emulate; imitate", "pm": "emulate", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "放", "nj": "ホウ", "ne": "set free"}], "hc": "person; set free; compass; direction; taskmaster", "hk": "emulate", "hs": "Person . . . set free.", "ks": "Just emulate Mr T, and set yourself free.", "v": [{"w": "倣う", "rd": "ならう", "mn": "to imitate; to follow; to copy; to emulate", "fr": 12793}, {"w": "模倣", "rd": "もほう", "mn": "imitation; copying", "fr": 18447}], "p": null}, {"k": "諦", "g": 8, "o": 2028, "f": 2457, "j": null, "on": "テイ、タイ", "kun": "あきら.める、つまびらか、まこと", "m": "truth; clarity; abandon; give up", "pm": "truth", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "帝", "nj": "テイ", "ne": "sovereign"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; sovereign; vase; stand up; apron; crown; towel", "hk": "renunciation", "hs": "The key word <b>renunciation</b>  has to do with the wisdom and clarity of mind in knowing when to \"let go.\" This is what makes the  <i>words</i>  of acquiescense <i>sovern</i>.", "ks": "The <i>words</i> of the <i>sovereign</i> king inspire the people: never <b>give up</b>! Never surrender! Okay…maybe it wasn't a king.", "v": [{"w": "諦める", "rd": "あきらめる", "mn": "to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)", "fr": 611}], "p": null}, {"k": "煎", "g": 8, "o": 2029, "f": 2458, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "せん.じる、い.る、に.る", "m": "broil; parch; roast; boil", "pm": "broil", "r": [{"c": "前", "nj": "ゼン", "ne": "in front"}, {"c": "灬", "nj": "れっか", "ne": "fire"}], "hc": "in front; horns; butcher; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; sword; sabre; saber; oven-fire; barbecue", "hk": "roast", "hs": "Think of <b>roasting</b> the guest of honor at a party - literally, in <i>front</i> of an <i>oven-fire</i>.", "ks": "In many asian restaurants, meat is <b>roast</b> ed right <i>in front</i> of you over <i>flames</i>.", "v": [{"w": "煎餅", "rd": "せんべい", "mn": "(Japanese) rice cracker; senbei", "fr": 23573}], "p": null}, {"k": "緻", "g": 8, "o": 2030, "f": 2460, "j": null, "on": "チ", "kun": "こまか.い", "m": "fine (i.e. not coarse)", "pm": "fine (i.e. not coarse)", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "致", "nj": "チ", "ne": "doth"}], "hc": "", "hk": "fine", "hs": "The key word should be taken to mean minute, detailed, or nuanced. Its primitive elements are: <i>thread</i> . . . <i>doth</i>.", "ks": "fine : If the thread doth fit through the eye of the needle, it is fine thread indeed.", "v": [{"w": "緻密", "rd": "ちみつ", "mn": "fine (grain, workmanship, etc.); close (weave); delicate; intricate; elaborate", "fr": 17966}], "p": null}, {"k": "哺", "g": 8, "o": 2031, "f": 2461, "j": null, "on": "ホ", "kun": "はぐく.む、ふく.む", "m": "nurse; suckle", "pm": "nurse", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "甫", "nj": "ホ", "ne": "for the first time"}], "hc": "", "hk": "suckle", "hs": "Mouth . . . dog tag.", "ks": "The mouth of an offspring suckles. 哺乳・ほにゅう lactation, suckling.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "罵", "g": 8, "o": 2032, "f": 2467, "j": null, "on": "バ", "kun": "ののし.る", "m": "abuse; insult", "pm": "abuse", "r": [{"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "馬", "nj": "うま", "ne": "horse"}], "hc": "eye; cross-eyed; net; team of horses", "hk": "insult", "hs": "Eyeball . . . team of horses.", "ks": "In Japan, is is considered insult ing to look at someone from atop your horse. You have to step down and face people properly.", "v": [{"w": "罵る", "rd": "ののしる", "mn": "to abuse (verbally); to curse at; to shout abuse at; to speak ill of", "fr": 8696}], "p": null}, {"k": "乞", "g": 8, "o": 2033, "f": 2478, "j": null, "on": "コツ、キツ、キ、キケ、コチ", "kun": "こ.う", "m": "beg; invite; ask", "pm": "beg", "r": [{"c": "乙", "nj": "おつ", "ne": "the second"}], "hc": "reclining; lying down; fishhook", "hk": "beg", "hs": "See someone <i>lying down</i> in a public place with a <i>hook</i> in place of a hand, <b>begging</b> a morsel of rice or a few pence.", "ks": "Men beg lying down. Women beg as hookers.", "v": [{"w": "乞う", "rd": "こう", "mn": "to beg; to ask; to request; to invite", "fr": 17197}, {"w": "乞食", "rd": "こじき", "mn": "beggar", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "倹", "g": 8, "o": 2034, "f": 2479, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "つま.しい、つづまやか", "m": "frugal; economy; thrifty", "pm": "frugal", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "㑒", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "person; awl; fit; meeting; umbrella; mouth; person", "hk": "frugal", "hs": "Person . . . awl.", "ks": "Mr. T is so frugal , he hires Frankenstein as a butler because he doesn't have to pay him.", "v": [{"w": "倹約", "rd": "けんやく", "mn": "thrift; economy; frugality", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "嗅", "g": 8, "o": 2035, "f": 2480, "j": null, "on": "キュウ", "kun": "か.ぐ", "m": "smell; sniff; scent", "pm": "smell", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "臭", "nj": "シュウ", "ne": "stinking"}, {"c": "犬", "nj": "いぬ", "ne": "dog"}], "hc": "", "hk": "sniff", "hs": "You have seen those scratch'n' <b>sniff</b> advertisements for perfumes. This one is for a <i>mouth</i> wash that replaces one <i>stinking</i> oder with another.", "ks": "smell : You open your mouth and gasp for air, that stinking (notice the chihuahua instead) smell is too much.", "v": [{"w": "嗅ぐ", "rd": "かぐ", "mn": "to sniff; to smell", "fr": 4287}], "p": null}, {"k": "蔑", "g": 8, "o": 2036, "f": 2483, "j": null, "on": "ベツ", "kun": "ないがしろ、なみ.する、くらい、さげす.む", "m": "ignore; despise; neglect; ridicule", "pm": "ignore", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "戍", "nj": "ジュ", "ne": "protection"}], "hc": "flowers; eye; cross-eyed; net; march", "hk": "revile", "hs": "The verbal abuse involved in <b>reviling</b> those who do not deserve it can be compared to a <i>march of flowers</i> in full boom having an <i>eyeball</i> of nastiness cast over them (literally, of course).", "ks": "They gays were <b>reviled</b> by society, so they put <i>flowers</i> above their <i>eyes</i> and <i>marched</i> around.", "v": [{"w": "軽蔑", "rd": "けいべつ", "mn": "contempt; scorn; disdain; despising; looking down on; slighting", "fr": 7277}, {"w": "蔑む", "rd": "さげすむ", "mn": "to scorn; to despise; to hold in contempt; to look down on; to disdain", "fr": 11738}, {"w": "侮蔑", "rd": "ぶべつ", "mn": "scorn; disdain; contempt; slight", "fr": 17695}], "p": null}, {"k": "繭", "g": 8, "o": 2037, "f": 2495, "j": null, "on": "ケン", "kun": "まゆ、きぬ", "m": "cocoon", "pm": "cocoon", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "冂", "nj": "けいがまえ", "ne": "to enclose"}, {"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "虫", "nj": "むし", "ne": "worm"}], "hc": "flowers; hood; stick; thread; spiderman; insect", "hk": "cocoon", "hs": "Though it's a good thing that the primitive for <b>cocoon</b> has been radically abbreviated from this, its full form as a kanji, the story it holds is a charming one. The silkworm ( <i>insect</i> ) eats the leaves of the mulberry bush (the <i>flowers</i> ), digests them and transforms them into <i>thread</i> with which it spins about itself, in mystic wisdom, its own coffin (the <i>hood</i> ). The dividing line that separates the two elements helps the picture of the little worm cutting itself off from contact with the outside world, but as a character stroke, it is a clear exception.", "ks": "The magic flower is the reason why Spider-Man ended up miniaturized and confined inside a hood -like cocoon together with an insect. Now, only a walking stick separates them both.", "v": [{"w": "繭", "rd": "まゆ", "mn": "cocoon", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "宛", "g": 8, "o": 2038, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "エン", "kun": "あ.てる、-あて、-づつ、あたか.も", "m": "address; just like; fortunately", "pm": "address", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "夗", "nj": "", "ne": ""}], "hc": "house; mailbox; evening; fingerprint", "hk": "address", "hs": "House . . . mailbox.", "ks": "Your <b>address</b> should be displayed on your <i>house</i> and <i>mailbox</i>.", "v": [{"w": "宛", "rd": "あて", "mn": "aim; object; purpose; end", "fr": 10727}, {"w": "宛名", "rd": "あてな", "mn": "name and address (on an envelope, etc.); (addressee's) name; addressee", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "宛先", "rd": "あてさき", "mn": "address; destination", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "萎", "g": 8, "o": 2039, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "な、しお.れる、しな.びる、しぼ.む、な.える", "m": "wither; droop; lame", "pm": "wither", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "委", "nj": "イ", "ne": "committee"}], "hc": "flowers; committee; wheat; cereal; woman", "hk": "numb", "hs": "Flowers . . . committee.", "ks": "Any FLOWER that will make you go NUMB is likely to be banned by the olympic COMMITTEE. No pain killers.", "v": [{"w": "萎える", "rd": "なえる", "mn": "to lose strength; to become weak; to disappear (of energy, drive, etc.)", "fr": 10667}, {"w": "萎縮", "rd": "いしゅく", "mn": "withering; shrivelling; shrinking", "fr": 13569}, {"w": "萎む", "rd": "しぼむ", "mn": "to wither (of flowers, dreams, etc.); to wilt; to droop; to shrivel; to fade (aw", "fr": 24139}, {"w": "萎れる", "rd": "しおれる", "mn": "to wither; to wilt; to droop; to fade", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "咽", "g": 8, "o": 2040, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "イン、エン、エツ", "kun": "むせ.ぶ、むせ.る、のど、の.む", "m": "throat; choked; smothered; stuffy", "pm": "throat", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "因", "nj": "イン", "ne": "cause"}], "hc": "mouth; cause; pent in; large; St. Bernard", "hk": "windpipe", "hs": "Mouth . . . cause.", "ks": "The windpipe in your mouth is what causes you to breath.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "淫", "g": 8, "o": 2041, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "イン", "kun": "ひた.す、ほしいまま、みだ.ら、みだ.れる、みだり", "m": "lewdness; licentiousness", "pm": "lewdness", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "爫", "nj": "つめかんむり", "ne": "claw"}, {"c": "壬", "nj": "ニン", "ne": "9th calendar sign"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; claw; vulture; porter; drop; samurai", "hk": "lewd", "hs": "Water . . . vulture . . . porter.", "ks": "The <i>vulture</i> is on top of the <i>porter</i> and appears to be commiting a <b>lewd</b> act, so I throw <i>water</i> over the pair of them.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "謁", "g": 8, "o": 2042, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "エツ", "kun": "", "m": "audience; audience (with king)", "pm": "audience", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "曷", "nj": "カツ", "ne": "why"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; mexican bandit; muchacho; siesta; sun; day; aroma; bound up; spoon; sitting on the ground", "hk": "audience", "hs": "Imagine an <b>audience</b> with the emperor or the pope in which all those in attendance are sitting down, leaning against the wall, sleeping like our muchacho on <i>siesta</i> as the honorable host delivers his <i>speech</i>.", "ks": "The <i>talk</i> was so boring the <b>audience</b> took a <i>siesta</i>.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "臆", "g": 8, "o": 2043, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "オク、ヨク", "kun": "むね、おくする", "m": "timidity; heart; mind; fear; cowardly", "pm": "timidity", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "意", "nj": "イ", "ne": "idea"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; idea; sound; vase; stand up; sun; day; heart", "hk": "cowardice", "hs": "Flesh . . . idea.", "ks": "Cowardice is when you are not willing to sacrifice your flesh for your ideas.", "v": [{"w": "臆病", "rd": "おくびょう", "mn": "cowardly; timid; easily frightened", "fr": 5482}, {"w": "臆病者", "rd": "おくびょうもの", "mn": "coward; wimp", "fr": 11643}], "p": null}, {"k": "箇", "g": 8, "o": 2044, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "カ、コ", "kun": "", "m": "counter for articles", "pm": "counter for articles", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "固", "nj": "コ", "ne": "harden"}], "hc": "bamboo; harden; pent in; old; tombstone; gravestone; church; ten; needle; mouth", "hk": "item", "hs": "", "ks": "Dragon Quest - You find a hardened bamboo stick, perfect for a weapon, but you can't pick it up because your item s are full.", "v": [{"w": "箇所", "rd": "かしょ", "mn": "place; point; part; spot; area; passage; portion", "fr": 5285}], "p": null}, {"k": "苛", "g": 8, "o": 2045, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "カ", "kun": "いじ.める、さいな.む、いらだ.つ、からい、こまかい", "m": "torment; scold; chastise", "pm": "torment", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "可", "nj": "カ", "ne": "can"}], "hc": "flowers; can; mouth; street; street; nail; spike", "hk": "bullying", "hs": "A nosegay of <i>flowers</i> make a nice gift, but if those flowers are poison oak, they <i>can</i> amount to <b>bullying</b>. Be sure to emphasize the word <i>can</i> when you repeat this little phrase to yourself.", "ks": "\"How many <i>flowers</i> <i>can</i> I stuff in your nostrils? Well I'm just gonna have to go and see.\" <b>Bullying</b> at its worst!", "v": [{"w": "苛める", "rd": "いじめる", "mn": "to ill-treat; to bully; to torment; to pick on; to tease; to be cruel to; to per", "fr": 20710}, {"w": "苛々", "rd": "いらいら", "mn": "to get irritated; to get annoyed; to be on the edge; to fret; to lose patience", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "崖", "g": 8, "o": 2046, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ガイ、ゲ、ギ", "kun": "がけ、きし、はて", "m": "cliff; bluff; precipice", "pm": "cliff", "r": [{"c": "山", "nj": "やま", "ne": "mountain"}, {"c": "厓", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "precipice"}], "hc": "mountain; cliff; ivy; square jewel; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "bluffs", "hs": "Mountain . . . cliff . . . ivy.", "ks": "Standing at the base of the <b>bluffs</b> I announce, \"I'm going to climb those <i>ivy- covered cliffs</i> , and then the <i>mountain</i> on top of them.\" My friends don't believe me, \"He <b>bluffs</b>!\" they say.", "v": [{"w": "崖", "rd": "がけ", "mn": "cliff; precipice", "fr": 6675}], "p": null}, {"k": "骸", "g": 8, "o": 2047, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ガイ、カイ", "kun": "むくろ", "m": "bone; body; corpse", "pm": "bone", "r": [{"c": "骨", "nj": "ほね", "ne": "bone"}, {"c": "亥", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "sign of the hog"}], "hc": "skeleton; joint; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; sign of the hog; acorn; top hat", "hk": "remains", "hs": "Skeleton . . . acorn.", "ks": "The <b>remains</b> consisted of a <i>skeleton</i> which had the <b>remains</b> of some <i>acorns</i> in its stomach area. Whether it died from eating the acorns <b>remains</b> to be seen.", "v": [{"w": "亡骸", "rd": "なきがら", "mn": "remains; corpse; (dead) body", "fr": 17252}, {"w": "骸骨", "rd": "がいこつ", "mn": "skeleton", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "顎", "g": 8, "o": 2048, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ガク", "kun": "あご、あぎと", "m": "jaw; chin; gill", "pm": "jaw", "r": [{"c": "咢", "nj": "ガク", "ne": "outspokenly"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "mousetrap; mouth; one; ceiling; snare; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "chin", "hs": "Two mouths . . . ceiling . . . snare . . . head.", "ks": "Your <b>chin</b> is the part of your <i>head</i> under your <i>nostrils</i> that forms the <i>double snare</i> that is your jaw.", "v": [{"w": "顎", "rd": "あご", "mn": "jaw; chin", "fr": 4869}], "p": null}, {"k": "且", "g": 8, "o": 2049, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ショ、ソ、ショウ", "kun": "か.つ", "m": "moreover; also; furthermore", "pm": "moreover", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}], "hc": "shelf; my bookshelves", "hk": "moreover", "hs": "", "ks": "<i>Moreover</i> is a literary term to <i>shelve</i> what you had just been talking about, to come back to it later.", "v": [{"w": "尚且つ", "rd": "なおかつ", "mn": "besides; furthermore; on top of that", "fr": 13387}, {"w": "且つ", "rd": "かつ", "mn": "and; moreover; besides; as well as; and on top of that; at the same time", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "伎", "g": 8, "o": 2050, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ギ、キ", "kun": "わざ、わざおぎ", "m": "deed; skill", "pm": "deed", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "支", "nj": "しにょう", "ne": "branch"}], "hc": "person; branch; ten; needle; crotch", "hk": "performing artist", "hs": "Person . . . branch.", "ks": "<i>Mr T</i> is dancing and singing and all that, but he's doing it on a <i>branch</i>. All that talent and can still still keep his balance? That's a real <b>performing artist</b>.", "v": [{"w": "歌舞伎", "rd": "かぶき", "mn": "kabuki", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "僅", "g": 8, "o": 2051, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "キン、ゴン", "kun": "わず.か", "m": "a wee bit", "pm": "a wee bit", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "三", "nj": "サン", "ne": "three"}], "hc": "person; cabbage; flowers; mouth; grow up", "hk": "trifle", "hs": "Person . . . cabbage.", "ks": "To MR.T swallowing a whole CABBAGE is no more than a <b>TRIFLE</b>.", "v": [{"w": "僅か", "rd": "わずか", "mn": "a little; a few; small; slight; trifling; meagre; meager; narrow (margin)", "fr": 4944}], "p": null}, {"k": "巾", "g": 8, "o": 2052, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "キン、フク", "kun": "おお.い、ちきり、きれ", "m": "towel; hanging scroll; width; cloth radical (no. 50)", "pm": "towel", "r": [{"c": "巾", "nj": "はば", "ne": "cloth"}], "hc": "", "hk": "towel", "hs": "This character depicts a bolt of cloth wrapped around a pole. From there it gets its meaning of a <b>towel</b>.", "ks": "Obvious towel is obvious.", "v": [{"w": "雑巾", "rd": "ぞうきん", "mn": "house-cloth; dust cloth", "fr": 14132}, {"w": "布巾", "rd": "ふきん", "mn": "dish towel; tea towel; dishcloth", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "斤", "g": 8, "o": 2053, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "キン", "kun": "", "m": "axe; 1.32 lb; catty; counter for loaves of bread; axe radical (no. 69)", "pm": "axe", "r": [{"c": "斤", "nj": "おのづくり", "ne": "axe"}], "hc": "axe", "hk": "ax", "hs": "This character represents a picture of an <b>ax</b> , the two vertical lines being the handle and the horizontal strokes of the blade. Note the writing order carefully.", "ks": "Errata: stroke order in 4th edition is wrong. Top stroke is first.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "虞", "g": 8, "o": 2054, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "グ", "kun": "おそれ、おもんぱか.る、はか.る、うれ.える、あざむ.く、あやま.る、のぞ.む、たの.しむ", "m": "fear; uneasiness; anxiety; concern; expectation; consideration", "pm": "fear", "r": [{"c": "虍", "nj": "とらがしら", "ne": "tiger"}, {"c": "呉", "nj": "ゴ", "ne": "give"}], "hc": "tiger; give; mouth; chair; tool", "hk": "uneasiness", "hs": "Tiger . . . give.", "ks": "A tiger overhead would give anyone a feeling of uneasiness.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "窟", "g": 8, "o": 2055, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "クツ、コツ", "kun": "いわや、いはや、あな", "m": "cavern", "pm": "cavern", "r": [{"c": "穴", "nj": "あな", "ne": "hole"}, {"c": "屈", "nj": "クツ", "ne": "yield"}], "hc": "hole; house; human legs; yield; flag; exit", "hk": "cavern", "hs": "Hole . . . yield.", "ks": "After Osama blew a <i>hole</i> in NY, the counterreaction forced him to <i>yield</i> and retreat into <b>caverns</b>.", "v": [{"w": "洞窟", "rd": "どうくつ", "mn": "cave; cavern; grotto", "fr": 7807}], "p": null}, {"k": "詣", "g": 8, "o": 2056, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ケイ、ゲイ", "kun": "けい.する、まい.る、いた.る、もう.でる", "m": "visit a temple; arrive; attain", "pm": "visit a temple", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "旨", "nj": "シ", "ne": "delicious"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; delicious; spoon; sitting on the ground; sun; day", "hk": "visit a shrine", "hs": "Here you \"savor your <i>words</i> \" as something <i>delicious</i>  when you describe your recent <b>visit to a shrine</b>  or pilgrimage site.", "ks": "You <b>visit a shrine</b> to <i>say</i> your wishes and offer <i>delicious</i> offering to the gods.", "v": [{"w": "初詣", "rd": "はつもうで", "mn": "first shrine visit of the New Year", "fr": 21572}], "p": null}, {"k": "隙", "g": 8, "o": 2057, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ゲキ、キャク、ケキ", "kun": "すき、す.く、す.かす、ひま", "m": "crevice; fissure; discord; opportunity; leisure", "pm": "crevice", "r": [{"c": "阝", "nj": "こざとへん", "ne": "hill"}, {"c": "小", "nj": "しょう", "ne": "small"}, {"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}], "hc": "pinnacle; parthenon; acropolis; small; little; sun; day; little", "hk": "chink", "hs": "<i>Pinnacle</i> . . . <i>little</i> . . . <i>sun</i> . . . <i>little</i>. Note that the form of the first element for <i>little</i> given here is the simpler form that has become standard in general-use characters (See Frame 110). For the time being, until typesetting fonts have made the adjustment, the official approved drawing has the drops similar to the bottom <i>little</i>.", "ks": "They won't let me in <i>The Pinnacle</i> , but I can see a <i>little</i> bit of <i>sun</i> through this <i>little</i> <b>chink</b> in the wall. Hmm, maybe I could make this <b>chink</b> bigger…", "v": [{"w": "隙", "rd": "すき", "mn": "gap; opening; room; space", "fr": 2015}, {"w": "隙間", "rd": "すきま", "mn": "gap; opening; aperture; crevice; crack; chink; space", "fr": 3235}], "p": null}, {"k": "桁", "g": 8, "o": 2058, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "コウ", "kun": "けた", "m": "beam; girder; spar; unit or column (accounting)", "pm": "beam", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "行", "nj": "ぎょうがまえ", "ne": "to go"}], "hc": "tree; wood; going", "hk": "girder", "hs": "Tree . . . going.", "ks": "When the <i>wooden</i> <b>girders</b> start to snap, the workmen shout \"Run! Let's <i>go!</i> \".", "v": [{"w": "桁", "rd": "けた", "mn": "column; beam; girder; crossbeam; spar; yard", "fr": 14745}], "p": null}, {"k": "舷", "g": 8, "o": 2059, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ゲン", "kun": "ふなばた、ふなべり", "m": "gunwale", "pm": "gunwale", "r": [{"c": "舟", "nj": "ふね", "ne": "ship"}, {"c": "玄", "nj": "げん", "ne": "darkness"}], "hc": "boat; mysterious; top hat; cocoon", "hk": "gunwale", "hs": "Boat . . . mysterious.", "ks": "The <b>gunwale</b> is perhaps the most <i>mysterious</i> part of a <i>boat</i> for it is neither a <b>gun</b> nor a <b>whale</b>.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "勾", "g": 8, "o": 2060, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "コウ、ク", "kun": "かぎ、ま.がる", "m": "be bent; slope; capture", "pm": "be bent", "r": [{"c": "勹", "nj": "つつみがまえ", "ne": "to wrap"}, {"c": "厶", "nj": "む", "ne": "private"}], "hc": "bound up; elbow", "hk": "hooked", "hs": "<i>Bound up</i> . . . <i>elbow</i>. Think of this key word in the sense of something that has been nabbed or cought.", "ks": "Your <i>elbow</i> is <i>bound up</i> so that your biceps will stay <b>flexed</b>.", "v": [{"w": "勾配", "rd": "こうばい", "mn": "slope; incline; gradient; grade; pitch", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "梗", "g": 8, "o": 2061, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "コウ、キョウ", "kun": "ふさぐ、やまにれ、おおむね", "m": "for the most part; close up; flower stem", "pm": "for the most part", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "更", "nj": "コウ", "ne": "grow late"}], "hc": "tree; wood; grow late; Ameratasu; one; ceiling; sun; tucked under the arm", "hk": "spiny", "hs": "This character refers originally to a deciduous, rough tree that grows on mountain plains. From this it gets the secondary sense of rugged or <b>spiny</b>. Its primitive elements: <i>tree</i> . . . <i>grow late</i>.", "ks": "Usually the tree you bump into when it grows late happens to be spiny.", "v": [{"w": "梗塞", "rd": "こうそく", "mn": "stoppage; blocking", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "墾", "g": 8, "o": 2062, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "コン", "kun": "は.る、ひら.く", "m": "ground-breaking; open up farmland", "pm": "ground-breaking", "r": [{"c": "豸", "nj": "むじなへん", "ne": "badger"}, {"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "skunk; silver; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "groundbreaking", "hs": "The <b>groundbreaking</b> referred to here is not for the erection of new buildings but for the opening of farmlands. The elements: <i>skunk</i> . . . <i>silver</i> . . . <i>soil</i>.", "ks": "I got sprayed by a skunk, so no one is helping me with the groundbreaking of my farm. On a positive note, I found silver laying all over the soil. Mine all mine!", "v": [{"w": "開墾", "rd": "かいこん", "mn": "cultivating new land; clearing; reclamation", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "塞", "g": 8, "o": 2063, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ソク、サイ", "kun": "ふさ.ぐ、とりで、み.ちる", "m": "close; shut; cover; block; obstruct", "pm": "close", "r": [{"c": "宀", "nj": "うかんむり", "ne": "roof"}, {"c": "三", "nj": "サン", "ne": "three"}, {"c": "八", "nj": "はち", "ne": "eight"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "Baba Yaga’s hut; house; celery; animal legs; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "block up", "hs": "House . . . celery . . . animal legs . . . soil.", "ks": "The A/C wasn't making the house <i>cold</i> because the filters had been <b>blocked up</b> with <i>dirt</i>.", "v": [{"w": "塞ぐ", "rd": "ふさぐ", "mn": "to stop up; to close up; to block (up); to plug up; to shut up; to cover (ears, ", "fr": 4505}, {"w": "塞がる", "rd": "ふさがる", "mn": "to be closed; to be blocked; to be healed (e.g. wound); to be shut up", "fr": 6006}, {"w": "梗塞", "rd": "こうそく", "mn": "stoppage; blocking", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "閉塞", "rd": "へいそく", "mn": "blockage; blockade; blocking up; stoppage; obstruction; occlusion", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "采", "g": 8, "o": 2064, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "サイ", "kun": "と.る、いろどり", "m": "dice; form; appearance; take; gather; coloring", "pm": "dice", "r": [{"c": "爫", "nj": "つめかんむり", "ne": "claw"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}], "hc": "claw; vulture; tree; wood", "hk": "grab", "hs": "Vulture . . . tree.", "ks": "The gigantic VULTURE swoops down and grab s that huge TREE!! AAAAH!!", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "柵", "g": 8, "o": 2065, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "サク、サン", "kun": "しがら.む、しがらみ、とりで、やらい", "m": "stockade; fence; weir; entwine around", "pm": "stockade", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "冊", "nj": "サツ", "ne": "tome"}], "hc": "tree; wood; tome", "hk": "palisade", "hs": "Tree . . . tome.", "ks": "Before I build him a wooden palisade , the mighty leader gives me a mighty tome on the subject.", "v": [{"w": "柵", "rd": "さく", "mn": "fence; paling; railing", "fr": 9149}], "p": null}, {"k": "拶", "g": 8, "o": 2066, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "サツ", "kun": "せま.る", "m": "be imminent; draw close", "pm": "be imminent", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "巛", "nj": "まがりがわ", "ne": "winding river"}, {"c": "夕", "nj": "ゆうべ", "ne": "evening"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; stream; flood; evening", "hk": "imminent", "hs": "Fingers . . . flood . . . evening.", "ks": "The old lady said that there was a <i>flood</i> <b>imminent</b> , because her <i>fingers</i> hurt in the <i>evening</i>.", "v": [{"w": "挨拶", "rd": "あいさつ", "mn": "greeting; greetings; salutation; salute", "fr": 1276}], "p": null}, {"k": "璽", "g": 8, "o": 2067, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ジ", "kun": "", "m": "emperor's seal", "pm": "emperor's seal", "r": [{"c": "爾", "nj": "ジ", "ne": "you"}, {"c": "玉", "nj": "たま", "ne": "jewelry"}], "hc": "let it be; noren; one; ceiling; eight; towel; stitching; patchwork quilt; jewel; earring", "hk": "imperial seal", "hs": "", "ks": "If you find a <i>jewel</i> with the <b>imperial seal</b> on it, just <i>let it be</i>. You wouldn't want to be accused of stealing the royal family <i>jewels</i>.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "爵", "g": 8, "o": 2068, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "シャク", "kun": "", "m": "baron; peerage; court rank", "pm": "baron", "r": [{"c": "爫", "nj": "つめかんむり", "ne": "claw"}, {"c": "罒", "nj": "モウ", "ne": "net radical variant (no. 122)"}, {"c": "艮", "nj": "こん", "ne": "boundary"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "claw; vulture; net; eye; silver; glue", "hk": "baron", "hs": "Vulture . . . eye . . . silver . . . glue.", "ks": "A vulture took the baron 's eye , so he glued a silver one in its place.", "v": [{"w": "伯爵", "rd": "はくしゃく", "mn": "count; earl", "fr": 17528}, {"w": "男爵", "rd": "だんしゃく", "mn": "baron", "fr": 24311}, {"w": "侯爵", "rd": "こうしゃく", "mn": "marquis; marquess", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "公爵", "rd": "こうしゃく", "mn": "prince; duke", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "遵", "g": 8, "o": 2069, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ジュン", "kun": "", "m": "abide by; follow; obey; learn", "pm": "abide by", "r": [{"c": "尊", "nj": "ソン", "ne": "revered"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "revered; Mother Teresa; chieftain; Molotov cocktail; animal horns; whiskey bottle; glue; road", "hk": "abide by", "hs": "", "ks": "You must <b>abide by</b> the revered rules of the road! No devil's brew and stay glued to your lane in the road!", "v": [{"w": "遵守", "rd": "じゅんしゅ", "mn": "observance (of laws, rules, etc.); adherence; obeying; following; abiding by; co", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "醒", "g": 8, "o": 2070, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "セイ", "kun": "さ.ます、さ.める", "m": "awake; be disillusioned; sober up", "pm": "awake", "r": [{"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}, {"c": "星", "nj": "セイ", "ne": "star"}], "hc": "whiskey bottle; star; sun; day; life; This is Your Life; cell; drop; grow up", "hk": "awakening", "hs": "Whisky bottle . . . star.", "ks": "You'll need an awakening after the whiskey bottle makes you see stars.", "v": [{"w": "覚醒", "rd": "かくせい", "mn": "waking up; awakening; arousal; revival", "fr": 5549}, {"w": "覚醒剤", "rd": "かくせいざい", "mn": "stimulant (e.g. psychoactive drugs like methamphetamine, ritalin, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "戚", "g": 8, "o": 2071, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ソク、セキ", "kun": "いた.む、うれ.える、みうち", "m": "grieve; relatives", "pm": "grieve", "r": [{"c": "戊", "nj": "ボ", "ne": "5th calendar sign"}, {"c": "尗", "nj": "シュク", "ne": "younger of brothers"}], "hc": "half-uncle; above; small; little; parade", "hk": "relatives", "hs": "If you think of a <i>parade</i> of particularly disagreeable <b>relatives</b> , it should not be hard to imagine them as large bodies with <i>little</i> pea-brains <i>above</i>.", "ks": "Your <i>half-uncle</i> is leading a <i>parade</i> of your <b>relatives</b>. (Note: 上 + 小 makes up part of \"uncle\" 叔 , so I've called it \"half-uncle\".).", "v": [{"w": "親戚", "rd": "しんせき", "mn": "relative; relation; kin", "fr": 3130}], "p": null}, {"k": "羨", "g": 8, "o": 2072, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "セン、エン", "kun": "うらや.む、あまり", "m": "envious; be jealous; covet", "pm": "envious", "r": [{"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}, {"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "欠", "nj": "あくび", "ne": "to lack"}], "hc": "sheep; water; water droplets; water pistol; lack; yawn", "hk": "envious", "hs": "<i>Sheep</i> . . . <i>water</i> . . . <i>yawn/lack</i>. Although this character looks rather simple, special care should be taken in learning it because of the proximity of the final two elements to the character for <i>next</i> , which we learned in frame 510. Note, too, that the <i>water</i> comes UNDER the <i>sheep</i> , rather than on its own to the left.", "ks": "A very thirsty sheep, who always <i>lacked</i> <i>water</i> , spends his days watching his fellow <i>sheep</i> (in the farm next door or in another pen) and being very <b>envious</b> of their <i>water</i>.", "v": [{"w": "羨ましい", "rd": "うらやましい", "mn": "envious; jealous", "fr": 2367}], "p": null}, {"k": "腺", "g": 8, "o": 2073, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "", "m": "gland; (kokuji)", "pm": "gland", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "泉", "nj": "セン", "ne": "spring"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; spring; white; dove; water", "hk": "gland", "hs": "Dig into your <i>flesh</i> and pull out a lymph <b>gland</b>. Now give it a squeeze and watch the <i>spring</i> of lymph spout out of it.", "ks": "A <i>body part</i> that acts like a <i>spring</i> for hormones is a <b>gland</b>.", "v": [{"w": "甲状腺", "rd": "こうじょうせん", "mn": "thyroid (gland)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "詮", "g": 8, "o": 2074, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "せん.ずる、かい、あき.らか", "m": "discussion; methods called for; selection; result", "pm": "discussion", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "全", "nj": "ゼン", "ne": "whole"}], "hc": "say; words; keitai; mouth; whole; umbrella; king; jewel; ball", "hk": "elucidate", "hs": "Think of <b>elucidating</b> as presenting something in <i>whole words</i> , as distinct from broken fragmented sentences.", "ks": "<i>Words</i> that tell you the results of the <i>whole</i> story really <b>elucidate</b>.", "v": [{"w": "所詮", "rd": "しょせん", "mn": "after all; in the end; anyway", "fr": 3340}], "p": null}, {"k": "塑", "g": 8, "o": 2075, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ソ", "kun": "でく", "m": "model; molding", "pm": "model", "r": [{"c": "朔", "nj": "サク", "ne": "conjunction (astronomy)"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}], "hc": "first day of the month; mountain goat; horns; mountain; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; soil; dirt; ground", "hk": "model", "hs": "This kanji depicts the art of <b>modeling</b> clay or wood into a figure of your choice. The elements for composing it are: <i>mountain goat</i> . . . <i>moon</i> . . . <i>soil</i>.", "ks": "If you model a mountain goat from \"soil\" and leave it under the full \"moon,\" it will come to life.", "v": [{"w": "彫塑", "rd": "ちょうそ", "mn": "carving; engraving", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "遡", "g": 8, "o": 2076, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ソ、サク", "kun": "さかのぼ.る", "m": "go upstream; retrace the past", "pm": "go upstream", "r": [{"c": "朔", "nj": "サク", "ne": "conjunction (astronomy)"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "first day of the month; mountain goat; horns; mountain; moon; month; flesh; part of the body; road", "hk": "go upstream", "hs": "Mountain goat . . . moon . . . road.", "ks": "On the <i>first day of the month</i> , all the salmon <b>go upstream</b> , up the <i>road</i> , to the mating grounds.", "v": [{"w": "遡る", "rd": "さかのぼる", "mn": "to go upstream; to go up (a river)", "fr": 8910}], "p": null}, {"k": "痩", "g": 8, "o": 2077, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、チュウ、シュウ、シュ", "kun": "や.せる", "m": "get thin", "pm": "get thin", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "叟", "nj": "ソウ", "ne": "old person"}], "hc": "sickness; hospital; Buddha’s hand; monkey; sun; day; stick; crotch", "hk": "lose weight", "hs": "Sickness . . . monkey . . . crotch.", "ks": "The <i>sickness</i> that only allows you to eat <i>monkey crotch</i> will surely make you <b>lose weight</b>.", "v": [{"w": "痩せる", "rd": "やせる", "mn": "to become thin; to lose weight; to slim", "fr": 7202}, {"w": "痩身", "rd": "そうしん", "mn": "slim figure; slender body", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "遜", "g": 8, "o": 2078, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ソン", "kun": "したが.う、へりくだ.る、ゆず.る", "m": "humble; modest", "pm": "humble", "r": [{"c": "孫", "nj": "ソン", "ne": "grandchild"}, {"c": "辶", "nj": "しんにょう", "ne": "road"}], "hc": "grandchild; child; lineage; drop; thread; spiderman; road", "hk": "modest", "hs": "Grandchild . . . road.", "ks": "My parents aren't at all <b>modest</b> about their <i>grandchildren</i> , at every opportunity they take them on the <i>road</i> showing them off to their friends!", "v": [{"w": "謙遜", "rd": "けんそん", "mn": "modesty; humility; being humble", "fr": 7762}], "p": null}, {"k": "汰", "g": 8, "o": 2079, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "タ、タイ", "kun": "おご.る、にご.る、よな.げる", "m": "washing; sieving; filtering; weeding out; luxury", "pm": "washing", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "太", "nj": "タイ", "ne": "plump"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; plump; large; St. Bernard; drop", "hk": "cleanse", "hs": "This character can mean both to <b>cleanse</b> and to make dirty. We will choose the latter and imagine someone who is displeasingly <i>plump</i> going to a skinny spa whose medicinal <i>waters</i> promise to <b>cleanse</b> him of his unwanted corpulence. Picture him sitting in the spa as the pounds melt away, leaving a greasy scum on top of the <i>water</i>.", "ks": "Water is used to cleanse a plump man's colon.", "v": [{"w": "ご無沙汰", "rd": "ごぶさた", "mn": "not writing or contacting for a while; neglecting (failing) to write (call, visi", "fr": 5320}], "p": null}, {"k": "唾", "g": 8, "o": 2080, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ダ、タ", "kun": "つば、つばき", "m": "saliva; sputum", "pm": "saliva", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "垂", "nj": "スイ", "ne": "droop"}], "hc": "mouth; droop; drop; silage; one; floor", "hk": "saliva", "hs": "Mouth . . . droop.", "ks": "Droopy the dog with saliva drooling from his mouth.", "v": [{"w": "唾", "rd": "つば", "mn": "saliva; spit; spittle", "fr": 7280}], "p": null}, {"k": "旦", "g": 8, "o": 2081, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "タン、ダン", "kun": "あき.らか、あきら、ただし、あさ、あした", "m": "daybreak; dawn; morning", "pm": "daybreak", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}], "hc": "sun; one; floor", "hk": "nightbreak", "hs": "While we normally refer to the start of the day as \"daybreak,\" Japanese commonly refers to it as the \"opening up of night\" into day. Hence the choice of this rather odd key word, <b>nightbreak</b>. The single stroke at the bottom represents the <i>floor</i> (have a peek again at frame 1) or the horizon over which the <i>sun</i> is poking its head", "ks": "A <b>nightbreak</b> happens when the sun rises over the horizon (floor).", "v": [{"w": "旦那", "rd": "だんな", "mn": "master (of a house, shop, etc.)", "fr": 2382}, {"w": "一旦", "rd": "いったん", "mn": "once", "fr": 3446}, {"w": "元旦", "rd": "がんたん", "mn": "New Year's Day; first day of the year", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "綻", "g": 8, "o": 2082, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "タン", "kun": "ほころ.びる", "m": "be rent; ripped; unravel; run; begin to open; smile", "pm": "be rent", "r": [{"c": "糸", "nj": "いと", "ne": "thread"}, {"c": "定", "nj": "テイ", "ne": "determine"}], "hc": "thread; spiderman; determine; determined; house; mend", "hk": "come apart at the seams", "hs": "Thread . . . determine.", "ks": "Even though his costume is <b>coming apart at the seams</b> as he chases the bad guys, <i>Spiderman</i> is still <i>determined</i> to catch them.", "v": [{"w": "破綻", "rd": "はたん", "mn": "failure; collapse; breakdown; break-up; bankruptcy", "fr": 9801}, {"w": "綻びる", "rd": "ほころびる", "mn": "to come apart at the seams; to be ripped; to be torn", "fr": 23518}], "p": null}, {"k": "酎", "g": 8, "o": 2083, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "チュウ、チュ", "kun": "かも.す", "m": "sake", "pm": "sake", "r": [{"c": "酉", "nj": "ひよみのとり", "ne": "sake jar"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "whiskey bottle; glue", "hk": "hooch", "hs": "This kanji is used for thick, low-grade saké made from various kinds of grains. Its primitives are: <i>whisky bottle</i> . . . <i>glue</i>.", "ks": "I combined WHISKEY and GLUE to make HOOCH.", "v": [{"w": "焼酎", "rd": "しょうちゅう", "mn": "shōchū", "fr": 20695}], "p": null}, {"k": "捗", "g": 8, "o": 2084, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "チョク、ホ", "kun": "はかど.る", "m": "make progress", "pm": "make progress", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "歩", "nj": "ホ", "ne": "walk"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; walk; stop; footprint; few", "hk": "make headway", "hs": "Let your <i>fingers</i>  do the <i>walking</i>  as you <b>make headway</b>  through the Yellow Pages in search of something hard to find.", "ks": "You can't just point with a finger and make headway , you have to actually walk* there.", "v": [{"w": "進捗", "rd": "しんちょく", "mn": "progress; advance; making (good) progress", "fr": 19404}, {"w": "捗る", "rd": "はかどる", "mn": "to make (good) progress; to move right ahead (with the work); to advance", "fr": 21276}], "p": null}, {"k": "朕", "g": 8, "o": 2085, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "チン", "kun": "", "m": "majestic plural; imperial we", "pm": "majestic plural", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "关", "nj": "", "ne": "frontier pass"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; golden calf; horns; heavens", "hk": "majestic plural", "hs": "", "ks": "The king says \"Only <b>We</b> are allowed to partake of the <i>flesh</i> of the <i>golden calf</i>.\".", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "潰", "g": 8, "o": 2086, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "カイ、エ", "kun": "つぶ.す、つぶ.れる、つい.える", "m": "crush; smash; break; dissipate", "pm": "crush", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "貴", "nj": "キ", "ne": "precious"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; precious; Takanohana; purse; in; one; floor; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "defile", "hs": "Water . . . precious.", "ks": "Don't defile precious water.", "v": [{"w": "潰す", "rd": "つぶす", "mn": "to smash; to crush; to flatten", "fr": 1697}, {"w": "潰れる", "rd": "つぶれる", "mn": "to be crushed; to be squashed; to be smashed; to be destroyed; to be broken; to ", "fr": 3166}, {"w": "暇潰し", "rd": "ひまつぶし", "mn": "killing time; keeping oneself occupied; time killer", "fr": 21458}, {"w": "顔を潰す", "rd": "かおをつぶす", "mn": "to make someone lose face; to embarrass someone; to make someone look foolish", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "溺", "g": 8, "o": 2087, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "デキ、ジョウ、ニョウ", "kun": "いばり、おぼ.れる", "m": "drown; indulge", "pm": "drown", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "弱", "nj": "ジャク", "ne": "weak"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; weak; bow; ice", "hk": "drowning", "hs": "<i>Water</i> . . . <i>weak</i>. Do not confuse the meaning of this key word with \"Drown\" (Frame 763), which is closer to \"founder.\"", "ks": "Weak people placed in the water start <b>drowning</b>. Get some strength in those arms and learn how to swim!", "v": [{"w": "溺れる", "rd": "おぼれる", "mn": "to struggle in the water; to sink below the surface and become unable to breathe", "fr": 3772}], "p": null}, {"k": "妬", "g": 8, "o": 2088, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ト、ツ", "kun": "ねた.む、そね.む、つも.る、ふさ.ぐ", "m": "jealous; envy", "pm": "jealous", "r": [{"c": "女", "nj": "おんな", "ne": "woman"}, {"c": "石", "nj": "いし", "ne": "stone"}], "hc": "woman; stone; rock", "hk": "jealous", "hs": "It should not be hard to leep from the key word to the image of a <i>woman</i> who is <b>jealous</b> of the <i>rock</i> that another <i>woman</i> is sporting on the third finger of her left hand.", "ks": "WOMEN are JEALOUS of the STONE on my wife's ring.", "v": [{"w": "嫉妬", "rd": "しっと", "mn": "jealousy; envy", "fr": 2652}, {"w": "妬む", "rd": "ねたむ", "mn": "to be jealous of; to envy; to begrudge", "fr": 17358}], "p": null}, {"k": "痘", "g": 8, "o": 2089, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "トウ", "kun": "", "m": "pox; smallpox", "pm": "pox", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "豆", "nj": "まめ", "ne": "bean"}], "hc": "sickness; hospital; beans; table; one; mouth", "hk": "pox", "hs": "Sickness . . . beans.", "ks": "<i>Caveman</i> has horrible <b>pox</b>. They look like edamame <i>beans</i> oozing bight green paste.", "v": [{"w": "天然痘", "rd": "てんねんとう", "mn": "smallpox; variola", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "種痘", "rd": "しゅとう", "mn": "smallpox vaccination; inoculation against smallpox", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "頓", "g": 8, "o": 2090, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "トン、トツ", "kun": "にわか.に、とん.と、つまず.く、とみ.に、ぬかずく", "m": "suddenly; immediately; in a hurry; arrange; stay in place; bow; kowtow", "pm": "suddenly", "r": [{"c": "屯", "nj": "トン", "ne": "barracks"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "earthworm; drop; shovel; fishhook; head; page; one; ceiling; drop; shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight", "hk": "immediate", "hs": "Earthworm . . . head.", "ks": "Ever chopped the <i>head</i> off an <i>earthworm</i>? Notice how it will grow back <b>immediately</b>! Beware the killer earthworms…", "v": [{"w": "整頓", "rd": "せいとん", "mn": "orderliness; put in order; tidying up; arranging neatly", "fr": 22086}], "p": null}, {"k": "弐", "g": 8, "o": 2091, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ニ、ジ", "kun": "ふた.つ、そえ", "m": "II; two; second", "pm": "II", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "弋", "nj": "いぐるみ", "ne": "javelin"}, {"c": "二", "nj": "に", "ne": "two"}], "hc": "II; two; arrows; quiver", "hk": "II (two)", "hs": "We use the Roman numeral II here to stress that this kanji is an older form of the kanji for <i>two</i>. Think of <i>two</i> arrows in a <i>quiver</i> , standing up like the numeral II.", "ks": "Once you have two old arrows left in your quiver , you better start running…!", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "捻", "g": 8, "o": 2092, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ネン、ジョウ", "kun": "ね.じる、ねじ.る、ひね.くる、ひね.る", "m": "twirl; twist; play with", "pm": "twirl", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "念", "nj": "ネン", "ne": "wish"}], "hc": "finger; fingers; wish; wishbone; now; clock; heart", "hk": "wrench", "hs": "This kanji does not refer to the tool but to the act of twisting. Its elements: <i>fingers</i> . . . <i>wish.</i>", "ks": "Ever try <b>WRENCHING</b> a bolt with just your FINGERS? Trust me, you'll WISH you had a wrench for <b>WRENCHING</b> to save your FINGERS.", "v": [{"w": "捻る", "rd": "ひねる", "mn": "to twist; to wrench; to turn (a tap, switch, etc.)", "fr": 10369}, {"w": "捻挫", "rd": "ねんざ", "mn": "sprain; twist; wrench", "fr": 23589}], "p": null}, {"k": "氾", "g": 8, "o": 2093, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ハン", "kun": "ひろ.がる", "m": "spread out; wide", "pm": "spread out", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "卩", "nj": "ふしづくり", "ne": "stamp"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; fingerprint", "hk": "widespread", "hs": "Water . . . fingerprint.", "ks": "It's a widespread belief that water takes away fingerprints.", "v": [{"w": "氾濫", "rd": "はんらん", "mn": "overflowing; flood; inundation; deluge", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "肘", "g": 8, "o": 2094, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "チュウ", "kun": "ひじ", "m": "elbow; arm", "pm": "elbow", "r": [{"c": "月", "nj": "つき", "ne": "moon"}, {"c": "寸", "nj": "すん", "ne": "inch"}], "hc": "moon; month; flesh; part of the body; glue", "hk": "elbow", "hs": "Instead of the familiar \"grease\" we usually associate with the <b>elbow</b> of someone hard at work, the kanji gives us a <i>part of the body</i> that has been <i>glued to</i> its task.", "ks": "Picture two Siamese twins glued together at the elbow.", "v": [{"w": "肘", "rd": "ひじ", "mn": "elbow", "fr": 6462}], "p": null}, {"k": "賦", "g": 8, "o": 2095, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "フ、ブ", "kun": "", "m": "levy; ode; prose; poem; tribute; installment", "pm": "levy", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "武", "nj": "ブ", "ne": "warrior"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; warrior; one; stop; footprint; arrow", "hk": "levy", "hs": "A certain portion of <i>shells</i> (money) is collected by the <i>warrior</i> from the local villages as he passes through to defray the costs of keeping the land safe, and this is called a <b>levy</b>.", "ks": "A levy is money collected to fund kingdom's warriors.", "v": [{"w": "月賦", "rd": "げっぷ", "mn": "monthly installment (instalment); monthly payment", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "賦課", "rd": "ふか", "mn": "levy; imposition", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "丙", "g": 8, "o": 2096, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ", "kun": "ひのえ", "m": "third class; 3rd; 3rd calendar sign", "pm": "third class", "r": [{"c": "一", "nj": "いち", "ne": "one"}, {"c": "内", "nj": "ナイ", "ne": "inside"}], "hc": "one; ceiling; inside; person; belt", "hk": "third class", "hs": "Those no-frills flights the airlines offer to attract customers should help create an image from <i>ceiling</i> . . . <i>person</i> . . . <i>belt</i>. The kanji meaning \" <i>inside</i> \" should not be used because of its proximity to the element for \" <i>in</i>. \"", "ks": "But third class is so small Mr. T's head hits the celing.", "v": [{"w": "丙", "rd": "へい", "mn": "third rank; third class; third person (in a contract, etc.)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "蔽", "g": 8, "o": 2097, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ヘイ、ヘツ、フツ", "kun": "おお.う、おお.い", "m": "cover; shade; mantle; capsize; be ruined", "pm": "cover", "r": [{"c": "艹", "nj": "くさかんむり", "ne": "grass"}, {"c": "敝", "nj": "ヘイ", "ne": "be worn-out"}], "hc": "flowers; shredder; small; little; belt; taskmaster", "hk": "cover over", "hs": "Flower . . . shredder.", "ks": "You <b>cover over</b> the <i>shredder</i> with <i>flowers</i> when the FBI comes a-knockin'.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "貌", "g": 8, "o": 2098, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ボウ、バク", "kun": "かたち、かたどる", "m": "form; appearance; countenance", "pm": "form", "r": [{"c": "豸", "nj": "むじなへん", "ne": "badger"}, {"c": "皃", "nj": "ボウ", "ne": "countenance"}], "hc": "skunk; badger; white; dove; human legs", "hk": "countenance", "hs": "Skunk . . . white . . . human legs.", "ks": "The shocked countenance on girl's face when Pepe started to hump her white legs.", "v": [{"w": "美貌", "rd": "びぼう", "mn": "beautiful face; good looks; beauty", "fr": 9267}, {"w": "変貌", "rd": "へんぼう", "mn": "transfiguration; transformation; change of appearance", "fr": 10816}, {"w": "全貌", "rd": "ぜんぼう", "mn": "full view; total picture; whole story; full particulars; all the details", "fr": 17486}], "p": null}, {"k": "勃", "g": 8, "o": 2099, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ボツ、ホツ", "kun": "おこ.る、にわかに", "m": "suddenness; rise", "pm": "suddenness", "r": [{"c": "孛", "nj": "ハイ", "ne": "comet"}, {"c": "力", "nj": "ちから", "ne": "power"}], "hc": "bishop; cross; ten; needle; crown; child; power; muscle; arnold", "hk": "uprising", "hs": "If you think of the <i>ten</i> as a little  \"cross\" sitting atop the root of a <i>house</i> where we are used to seeing the  \"chimney\" ( <i>drop</i> ), then you have the image of a <i>chapel</i>. (This combination will appear once more in this book: Frame 1465.) To complete the picture for <b>uprising</b> , add: <i>child</i> . . . <i>muscles</i>.", "ks": "An <b>erection</b> can shoot like a <i>needle</i> from its <i>crown</i> and has the <i>power</i> to make a <i>child</i>.", "v": [{"w": "勃起", "rd": "ぼっき", "mn": "erection (of the penis); becoming erect; stiffening", "fr": 12030}], "p": null}, {"k": "昧", "g": 8, "o": 2100, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "マイ、バイ", "kun": "くら.い、むさぼ.る", "m": "dark; foolish", "pm": "dark", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "未", "nj": "ミ", "ne": "un-"}], "hc": "sun; not yet; one; tree; wood", "hk": "obscure", "hs": "The most <b>obscure</b> ideas are those that the <i>sun</i> of reason has <i>not yet</i> dawned on. Be sure to give the <i>sun</i> a professorial demeanor, complete with spectacles and a pipe.", "ks": "Things look obscure when the sun is not yet out.", "v": [{"w": "曖昧", "rd": "あいまい", "mn": "vague; ambiguous; unclear", "fr": 3886}], "p": null}, {"k": "耗", "g": 8, "o": 2101, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "モウ、コウ", "kun": "", "m": "decrease", "pm": "decrease", "r": [{"c": "耒", "nj": "らいすき", "ne": "plow"}, {"c": "毛", "nj": "け", "ne": "hair"}], "hc": "christmas tree; fur", "hk": "decrease", "hs": "Christmas tree . . . fur.", "ks": "The amount of \"fur\" (needles) on a Christmas tree <b>decrease</b> s, until it doesn't look all that good.", "v": [{"w": "消耗", "rd": "しょうもう", "mn": "exhaustion; consumption; using up; dissipation; waste", "fr": 6083}, {"w": "心神耗弱", "rd": "しんしんこうじゃく", "mn": "diminished capacity; diminished responsibility; legally unaccountable (e.g. due ", "fr": 80000}, {"w": "消耗品", "rd": "しょうもうひん", "mn": "consumable goods", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "冶", "g": 8, "o": 2102, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ヤ", "kun": "い.る", "m": "melting; smelting", "pm": "melting", "r": [{"c": "冫", "nj": "にすい", "ne": "ice"}, {"c": "台", "nj": "ダイ", "ne": "pedestal"}], "hc": "ice; pedestal; elbow; mouth", "hk": "metallurgy", "hs": "Ice . . . pedestal.", "ks": "An ICE PEDESTAL is useless in METALLURGY since it will just melt.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "沃", "g": 8, "o": 2103, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ、ヨク、オク", "kun": "そそ.ぐ", "m": "fertility", "pm": "fertility", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "夭", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "early death"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; sapling", "hk": "irrigate", "hs": "Suffering from a drought, the farmers call on a <i>witch</i>  who conjures up <i>water</i>  to <b>irrigate</b>  their crops.", "ks": "You use <i>water</i> to <b>irrigate</b> your <i>saplings</i>.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "濫", "g": 8, "o": 2104, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ラン", "kun": "みだ.りに、みだ.りがましい", "m": "excessive; overflow; spread out", "pm": "excessive", "r": [{"c": "氵", "nj": "さんずい", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "監", "nj": "カン", "ne": "oversee"}], "hc": "water; water droplets; water pistol; oversee; retainer; slave; reclining; lying down; one; floor; dish", "hk": "overflow", "hs": "Water . . . oversee.", "ks": "Who's job is it to oversee the water level on the dam? It'ts <b>overflow</b> ing!", "v": [{"w": "氾濫", "rd": "はんらん", "mn": "overflowing; flood; inundation; deluge", "fr": 50000}], "p": null}, {"k": "吏", "g": 8, "o": 2105, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "リ", "kun": "", "m": "officer; an official", "pm": "officer", "r": [{"c": "丈", "nj": "ジョウ", "ne": "length"}, {"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}], "hc": "history; length; stick; one; mouth; tucked under the arm", "hk": "officer", "hs": "One . . . mouth . . . tucked under the arm.", "ks": "<i>One</i> <b>officer</b> can change the course of <i>history</i>.", "v": [{"w": "官吏", "rd": "かんり", "mn": "government official; public servant; civil servant", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "璃", "g": 8, "o": 2106, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "リ", "kun": "", "m": "glassy; lapis lazuli", "pm": "glassy", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "离", "nj": "チ", "ne": "rare beast"}], "hc": "king; jewel; ball; sheik; top hat; villain; sheaf; shovel; belt; elbow", "hk": "crystal", "hs": "This kanji refers to one of the seven classical stones of China. Its elements: <i>jewel</i> . . . <i>top hat</i> . . . <i>villain</i> . . . <i>belt</i> . . . <i>elbow</i>.", "ks": "The <i>King</i> 's <b>crystal</b> got <i>detached</i> from his royal throne, and is missing! Looks like the turkey got away with it. He's no where to be seen!", "v": [{"w": "瑠璃", "rd": "るり", "mn": "lapis lazuli", "fr": 16785}], "p": null}, {"k": "侶", "g": 8, "o": 2107, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "リョ、ロ", "kun": "とも", "m": "companion; follower", "pm": "companion", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "呂", "nj": "ロ", "ne": "spine"}], "hc": "person; spine; mouth; drop; mouth", "hk": "partner", "hs": "Person . . . spine.", "ks": "As a PARTNER , I want a PERSON with a strong SPINE.", "v": [{"w": "伴侶", "rd": "はんりょ", "mn": "companion; partner; spouse", "fr": 16597}, {"w": "僧侶", "rd": "そうりょ", "mn": "priest; monk; bonze", "fr": 22797}], "p": null}, {"k": "瞭", "g": 8, "o": 2108, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "リョウ", "kun": "あきらか", "m": "clear", "pm": "clear", "r": [{"c": "目", "nj": "め", "ne": "eye"}, {"c": "尞", "nj": "リョウ", "ne": "fuel used for sacrifices"}], "hc": "eye; pup tent; large; St. Bernard; sun; day; small; little", "hk": "obvious", "hs": "Eye . . . pup tent.", "ks": "It's obvious that the pup tent with a huge eye on the side belongs to the dark lord Sauron.", "v": [{"w": "明瞭", "rd": "めいりょう", "mn": "clear; plain; distinct; obvious; evident; articulate", "fr": 19987}], "p": null}, {"k": "賂", "g": 8, "o": 2109, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ロ", "kun": "まいな.い、まいな.う", "m": "bribe", "pm": "bribe", "r": [{"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}, {"c": "各", "nj": "カク", "ne": "each"}], "hc": "shellfish; clam; oyster; eye; animal legs; eight; each; walking legs; mouth", "hk": "graft", "hs": "To those who believe in the inevitability of <b>graft</b> in government, everything has a price - or as this character has it, to <i>each</i> office its outlay of <i>shells</i>.", "ks": "It might sound simple to bribe someone, but then you have to <b>graft</b> the guy above him and the guy below him, and soon you're just giving <i>shells</i> to <i>each</i> and everyone!", "v": [{"w": "賄賂", "rd": "わいろ", "mn": "bribe; sweetener; douceur", "fr": 17992}], "p": null}, {"k": "弄", "g": 8, "o": 2110, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ロウ、ル", "kun": "いじく.る、ろう.する、いじ.る、ひねく.る、たわむ.れる、もてあそ.ぶ", "m": "play with; tamper; trifle with", "pm": "play with", "r": [{"c": "王", "nj": "オウ", "ne": "king"}, {"c": "廾", "nj": "にじゅうあし", "ne": "folded hands"}], "hc": "king; jewel; ball; two hands", "hk": "tinker with", "hs": "Jewel . . . two hands.", "ks": "The <i>king</i> used <i>both hands</i> to <b>tinker with</b> himself in his spare time.", "v": [{"w": "翻弄", "rd": "ほんろう", "mn": "having at one's mercy; trifling with; toying with; playing with; making a fool o", "fr": 6711}, {"w": "弄る", "rd": "いじる", "mn": "to finger; to touch; to play with; to fiddle with; to toy with", "fr": 9629}], "p": null}, {"k": "傲", "g": 8, "o": 2111, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ゴウ", "kun": "おご.る、あなど.る", "m": "be proud", "pm": "be proud", "r": [{"c": "亻", "nj": "にんべん", "ne": "person"}, {"c": "敖", "nj": "ゴウ", "ne": "play"}], "hc": "", "hk": "arrogance", "hs": "<i>Person</i> . . . <i>soil</i> . . . <i>compass</i> . . . <i>taskmaster</i>. You may, of course, take the character for <i>emulate</i> from the previous frame as the basis for this kanji, adding to it only the element for <i>soil</i>.", "ks": "<b>arrogant</b> : Mr.T, the arrogant taskmaster he is, assures the group he’s leading them in the right direction. Until he realises his compass is filled with dirt.", "v": [{"w": "傲慢", "rd": "ごうまん", "mn": "haughty; arrogant; insolent; proud; overbearing", "fr": 6789}], "p": null}, {"k": "刹", "g": 8, "o": 2112, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "セチ、セツ、サツ", "kun": "", "m": "temple", "pm": "temple", "r": [{"c": "乂", "nj": "ガイ", "ne": "mow"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "sheaf; tree; wood; sword; sabre; saber", "hk": "moment", "hs": "The key word here is the noun meaning \"a breif moment.\" Its elements: <i>sheaf</i> . . . <i>tree</i> . . . <i>saber</i>.", "ks": "<i>Wolverine</i> waiting atop a <i>tree</i> to spring down on <i>Sabre</i> tooth at any <b>moment</b>.", "v": [{"w": "刹那", "rd": "せつな", "mn": "moment; instant", "fr": 9138}], "p": null}, {"k": "喩", "g": 8, "o": 2113, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ユ", "kun": "たと.える、さと.す", "m": "metaphor; compare", "pm": "metaphor", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "兪", "nj": "ユ", "ne": "affirmative response"}], "hc": "", "hk": "metaphor", "hs": "People who try to sound literary often end up butchering the language. Here we see a <i>meeting</i> of <i>butchers</i> whose <i>mouths</i> are producing the <b>metaphors</b>.", "ks": "<b>Metaphor</b> ically speaking, all the equipment in your <i>mouth</i> is basically just a <i>meeting of butchers</i> , designed to pulverize whatever meat you put in there.", "v": [{"w": "比喩", "rd": "ひゆ", "mn": "simile; metaphor; allegory; parable", "fr": 15370}], "p": null}, {"k": "嘲", "g": 8, "o": 2114, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "チョウ、トウ", "kun": "あざけ.る", "m": "ridicule; insult", "pm": "ridicule", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "朝", "nj": "チョウ", "ne": "morning"}], "hc": "mouth; morning; mist; ten; needle; early; sun; day; moon; month; flesh; part of the body", "hk": "derision", "hs": "The bad feeling created by words spoken in <b>derision</b> often leaves a bad taste in the <i>mouth</i> of the one who speaks them, kind of like the foul aftertaste that follows a night before of too much of the wrong stuff - or what we call <i>morning mouth</i>.", "ks": "If morning breath emanates from your mouth , you are subject to derision!", "v": [{"w": "嘲る", "rd": "あざける", "mn": "to scoff; to laugh at; to make fun of; to ridicule; to jeer at", "fr": 16666}], "p": null}, {"k": "毀", "g": 8, "o": 2115, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "キ", "kun": "こぼ.つ、こわ.す、こぼ.れる、こわ.れる、そし.る、やぶ.る", "m": "break; destroy; censure; be chipped; be scratched; be broken; be ruined", "pm": "break", "r": [{"c": "臼", "nj": "うす", "ne": "mortar"}, {"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "殳", "nj": "るまた", "ne": "lance shaft"}], "hc": "mortar; soil; dirt; ground; cruise missile; missile; wind; crotch", "hk": "break", "hs": "Mortar . . . soil . . . missile.", "ks": "Wow, that baker must really be mad! He's trying to <b>BREAK</b> his MORTAR by throwing it to the SOIL. Whoa! Now he's aiming a MISSILE at it!", "v": [{"w": "毀損", "rd": "きそん", "mn": "damage; injury; defamation; harm", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "彙", "g": 8, "o": 2116, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "イ", "kun": "はりねずみ", "m": "same kind; collect; classify; category; hedgehog", "pm": "same kind", "r": [{"c": "彑", "nj": "けいがしら", "ne": "pig’s head"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "果", "nj": "カ", "ne": "fruit"}], "hc": "broken broom; mutual; crown; fruit; rice field; brains; tree; wood; broom*", "hk": "glossary", "hs": "The top primitive of this character is actually an old form of <i>broom</i>. The remaining elements are: <i>crown</i> . . . <i>fruit</i>.", "ks": "People who read the glossary are mutually exclusive (exclude the top line of mutually (#757 互) ) from those who eat crowned fruit イ はりねずみ same kind 語彙 .", "v": [{"w": "語彙", "rd": "ごい", "mn": "vocabulary; lexicon; lexis; terminology", "fr": 22849}], "p": null}, {"k": "慄", "g": 8, "o": 2117, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "リツ", "kun": "ふる.える、おそ.れる、おのの.く", "m": "fear", "pm": "fear", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "栗", "nj": "リツ", "ne": "chestnut"}], "hc": "", "hk": "shudder", "hs": "State of mind . . . chestnut.", "ks": "<b>shudder</b> : You’re in the state of mind of <b>shudder</b> ing with fear when the chestnut tree is falling over towards you.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "憬", "g": 8, "o": 2118, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ケイ", "kun": "あこが.れる", "m": "yearn for; aspire to; admire", "pm": "yearn for", "r": [{"c": "忄", "nj": "りっしんべん", "ne": "heart"}, {"c": "景", "nj": "ケイ", "ne": "scenery"}], "hc": "", "hk": "hanker", "hs": "State of mind . . . scenery.", "ks": "I'm in a <i>state of mind</i> where I <b>desire</b> to see the <i>sun</i> over the <i>capital</i> for some nice <i>scenery</i> for a change (no more rain!).", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "拉", "g": 8, "o": 2119, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ラツ、ラ、ロウ", "kun": "らっ.する、ひし.ぐ、くだ.く", "m": "Latin; kidnap; crush", "pm": "Latin", "r": [{"c": "扌", "nj": "てへん", "ne": "hand"}, {"c": "立", "nj": "たつ", "ne": "to stand"}], "hc": "", "hk": "yank", "hs": "The sense of this key word is to pull or jerk, as in opening a door or making \"ramen\" noodles. Its elements: <i>fingers</i> . . . <i>vase</i>.", "ks": "He quickly <b>yank</b> ed his <i>finger</i> s out of the <i>vase</i>. Maybe no one noticed the attempt to steal the cookies…", "v": [{"w": "拉致", "rd": "らち", "mn": "taking captive; carrying away; kidnapping; kidnaping; abduction", "fr": 9881}, {"w": "拉致問題", "rd": "らちもんだい", "mn": "abduction issue (esp. of those Japanese abducted by North Korea)", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "曖", "g": 8, "o": 2120, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "アイ", "kun": "くら.い", "m": "dark; not clear", "pm": "dark", "r": [{"c": "日", "nj": "ひ", "ne": "sun"}, {"c": "愛", "nj": "アイ", "ne": "love"}], "hc": "sun; love; birdhouse; birdcage; claw; vulture; crown; love birds; heart; walking legs", "hk": "unclear", "hs": "Sun . . . love.", "ks": "The <i>sun</i> 's <i>love</i> is <b>equivocal</b> : it warms yet burns us.", "v": [{"w": "曖昧", "rd": "あいまい", "mn": "vague; ambiguous; unclear", "fr": 3886}], "p": null}, {"k": "楷", "g": 8, "o": 2121, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "", "m": "square character style; correctness", "pm": "square character style", "r": [{"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "皆", "nj": "カイ", "ne": "all"}], "hc": "", "hk": "block letters", "hs": "The key word refers to kanji that are written in full, squared form, as opposed to cursive writing which is more flowing andabbreviates some of the strokes. Here <b>block letters</b> are pictured as tidy rows of <i>trees</i> that are <i>all</i> the same size and can be read easily by <i>all</i> , whatever calligraphic skills they possess.", "ks": "all the hiragana are in \"block letters\" on wooden blocks, like children's toys.", "v": [{"w": "楷書", "rd": "かいしょ", "mn": "printed style (of writing Chinese characters); square style; block style; standa", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "鬱", "g": 8, "o": 2122, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ウツ", "kun": "うっ.する、ふさ.ぐ、しげ.る", "m": "gloom; depression; melancholy; luxuriant", "pm": "gloom", "r": [{"c": "缶", "nj": "みずがめ", "ne": "earthen jar"}, {"c": "木", "nj": "き", "ne": "tree"}, {"c": "冖", "nj": "わかんむり", "ne": "cover"}, {"c": "鬯", "nj": "においざけ", "ne": "herbs"}, {"c": "彡", "nj": "さんづくり", "ne": "hair-style"}], "hc": "", "hk": "gloom", "hs": "Learning this character will take a little doing. Before we start, it is a good idea to keep the key word distinct from <i>melancholy</i> (Frame 663), with which it combines to create the psychological condition of depression (a metaphor based on the hollow or sinking of the material <i>depression</i> we met in Frame 1421). The picture of <b>gloom</b> begins with a small <i>grove</i> of trees, under which we see a <i>crown</i> made out of used <i>tin cans</i>. Next (the lower half of the kanji) we find a combination that appears only a few times in modern characters and only once in those treated in the volumes of <i>Remembering the Kanji</i>. It is composed of a <i>shovel</i> with a <i>sheaf</i> dotted with small <i>drops</i> on all sides. Think of it as a large scoop <i>shovel</i> attached to the front of a bulldozer, whose driver is singing: ♪  \"Bulldozing in the <i>sheaves</i> , bulldozing in the <i>sheaves</i>... \" ♪ The <i>drops</i> represent the chaff flying about as the <i>sheaves</i> are tossed about by the heavy machinery. There is <i>someone sitting on the ground</i> alongside, watching as the machinery makes its way around the neighboring farmland - and it's you, wearing your <i>tin-can crown</i>. You feel overwhelmed by the impending doom as the invasion of agro- business draws closer and closer to the <i>grove</i> , the only patch of woods that remains of what once was a vast forest. The whole scene represents a re- <i>shaping</i> of the natural environment that brings the heavy weight of <b>gloom</b> down upon you. A bit much, perhaps, but there are enough elements to allow for any number of other combinations.", "ks": "I'm depressed that this kanji has 29 strokes.", "v": [{"w": "憂鬱", "rd": "ゆううつ", "mn": "depression; melancholy; dejection; gloom; despondency", "fr": 8530}, {"w": "鬱陶しい", "rd": "うっとうしい", "mn": "gloomy (e.g. mood); depressing", "fr": 10873}, {"w": "鬱", "rd": "うつ", "mn": "depression; low spirits", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "璧", "g": 8, "o": 2123, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ヘキ", "kun": "たま", "m": "sphere; ball", "pm": "sphere", "r": [{"c": "辟", "nj": "ヘキ", "ne": "false"}, {"c": "玉", "nj": "たま", "ne": "jewelry"}], "hc": "", "hk": "holed gem", "hs": "The <b>holed gem</b> to which this kanji refers is a flat, circular object of about a foot in length, made of stone or glass and having a large hole in the middle. It's elements: <i>ketchup</i> . . . <i>ball</i>.", "ks": "perfection : Only the tomatoes of perfection, comparable to jewels, were used for the expensive ketchup.", "v": [{"w": "完璧", "rd": "かんぺき", "mn": "perfect; complete; flawless", "fr": 1234}], "p": null}, {"k": "瘍", "g": 8, "o": 2124, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ヨウ", "kun": "かさ", "m": "swelling; boil; tumor", "pm": "swelling", "r": [{"c": "疒", "nj": "やまいだれ", "ne": "sickness"}, {"c": "昜", "nj": "ヨウ", "ne": "open"}], "hc": "", "hk": "carbuncle", "hs": "Sickness . . . piggy bank.", "ks": "Caveman has to open up his piggy bank to receive treatment for his monstrous carbuncle.", "v": [{"w": "腫瘍", "rd": "しゅよう", "mn": "tumor; tumour; neoplasm; neoplasia", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "箋", "g": 8, "o": 2125, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "セン", "kun": "ふだ", "m": "paper; label; letter; composition", "pm": "paper", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "戔", "nj": "セン", "ne": "damage"}], "hc": "", "hk": "stationery", "hs": "<i>Bamboo</i> . . . <i>float</i>. Note that the drawing of the primitive for <i>float</i> uses the abbreviated form that has become standard in the general-use kanji and as we met it earlier (Frames 393-95). Until such time as typesetting fonts make the adjustment, only the older form has been approved. Here we have opted for the simpler, avant garde drawing.", "ks": "They used bamboo stationery to document where and when the two fiestas would take place.", "v": [{"w": "便箋", "rd": "びんせん", "mn": "writing paper; stationery; notepaper", "fr": 50000}, {"w": "処方箋", "rd": "しょほうせん", "mn": "prescription", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "籠", "g": 8, "o": 2126, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ロウ、ル", "kun": "かご、こ.める、こも.る、こ.む", "m": "basket; devote oneself; seclude oneself; cage; coop; implied", "pm": "basket", "r": [{"c": "竹", "nj": "たけ", "ne": "bamboo"}, {"c": "龍", "nj": "りゅう", "ne": "dragon"}], "hc": "", "hk": "basket", "hs": "Bamboo . . . dragon. Note that the older (and still official) form of this kanji uses the old character for dragon 龍, which is good to learn and is fun to write in any case. It is made up of five primitive elements: vase . . . flesh . . . slingshot . . . fishhook (enclosure) . . . three.", "ks": "A bamboo cage won't hold a dragon!", "v": [{"w": "籠もる", "rd": "こもる", "mn": "to shut oneself in (e.g. one's room); to be confined in; to seclude oneself; to ", "fr": 10219}, {"w": "籠", "rd": "かご", "mn": "basket (shopping, etc.); hamper; cage", "fr": 12184}], "p": null}, {"k": "羞", "g": 8, "o": 2127, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "シュウ", "kun": "はじ.る、すすめ.る、は.ずかしい", "m": "feel ashamed", "pm": "feel ashamed", "r": [{"c": "羊", "nj": "ひつじ", "ne": "sheep"}, {"c": "丿", "nj": "の", "ne": "diagonal sweeping stroke"}, {"c": "丑", "nj": "チュウ", "ne": "sign of the ox or cow"}], "hc": "", "hk": "humiliate", "hs": "Wool . . sign of the cow.", "ks": "The <i>sheep</i> is <b>ashamed</b> of it's sheepish nature, and <i>dons</i> the <i>sign of the cow</i> as a disguise.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "諧", "g": 8, "o": 2128, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "カイ", "kun": "かな.う、やわ.らぐ", "m": "harmony", "pm": "harmony", "r": [{"c": "言", "nj": "げん", "ne": "words"}, {"c": "皆", "nj": "カイ", "ne": "all"}], "hc": "", "hk": "orderliness", "hs": "The harmoney of \"a place for everything and everything in its place\" is applied here to the <b>orderliness</b> of <i>all</i> the <i>words</i> one speaks.", "ks": "To have orderliness , your words must be in all the right places.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "貪", "g": 8, "o": 2129, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "タン、ドン、トン", "kun": "むさぼ.る", "m": "covet; indulge in", "pm": "covet", "r": [{"c": "今", "nj": "コン", "ne": "now"}, {"c": "貝", "nj": "かい", "ne": "shell"}], "hc": "", "hk": "covet", "hs": "Clock . . . shellfish.", "ks": "\"Gimme all your <i>money</i> <i>now</i>!\" said the <b>covet</b> ous criminal.", "v": [{"w": "貪る", "rd": "むさぼる", "mn": "to covet; to crave; to be greedy for; to hunger for; to lust insatiably for", "fr": 9545}, {"w": "貪欲", "rd": "どんよく", "mn": "greedy; avaricious; covetous", "fr": 11353}], "p": null}, {"k": "踪", "g": 8, "o": 2130, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ソウ、ショウ", "kun": "あと", "m": "remains; clue; footprint", "pm": "remains", "r": [{"c": "足", "nj": "あし", "ne": "foot"}, {"c": "宗", "nj": "シュウ", "ne": "religion"}], "hc": "", "hk": "trail", "hs": "<i>Wooden leg</i> . . . <i>religion</i>. The key word refers to a <b>trail</b> of footprints or tracks left behind.", "ks": "Footprint: In the pirate(=leg) religion, footprints are important because they lead to treasure.", "v": [{"w": "失踪", "rd": "しっそう", "mn": "disappearance; running away; going missing; absconding", "fr": 7395}], "p": null}, {"k": "辣", "g": 8, "o": 2131, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ラツ", "kun": "から.い", "m": "pungent; spicy; harsh; cruel; severe", "pm": "pungent", "r": [{"c": "辛", "nj": "からい", "ne": "bitter"}, {"c": "束", "nj": "ソク", "ne": "bundle"}], "hc": "", "hk": "bitter", "hs": "Spicy . . . bundle.", "ks": "I'm rather bitter that someone stole my spice bundle.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "錮", "g": 8, "o": 2132, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "コ", "kun": "ふさ.ぐ", "m": "confinement; to tie", "pm": "confinement", "r": [{"c": "金", "nj": "かね", "ne": "metal"}, {"c": "固", "nj": "コ", "ne": "harden"}], "hc": "", "hk": "weld", "hs": "Metal . . . harden.", "ks": "You weld metal in the knowledge that it will harden again.", "v": [{"w": "禁錮", "rd": "きんこ", "mn": "imprisonment (without forced labour); incarceration; confinement", "fr": 80000}], "p": null}, {"k": "塡", "g": 8, "o": 2133, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "テン、チン", "kun": "はま.る、うず.める、は.める、ふさ.ぐ", "m": "fill in; fill up; make good", "pm": "fill in", "r": [{"c": "土", "nj": "つち", "ne": "earth"}, {"c": "眞", "nj": "シン", "ne": "truth"}], "hc": "", "hk": "inlay", "hs": "When we hear the world inlay , we usually think of setting precious stones in pieces of jewelery, but the primitive elements here suggest truth being inlaid in the soil. You might think instead of the cosmic wisdom that inlaid the truth of the universe in the stuff of the earth.", "ks": "I stuffed up his mouth with dirt to keep the truth from coming out.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "頰", "g": 8, "o": 2134, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "キョウ", "kun": "ほお、ほほ", "m": "cheeks; jaw", "pm": "cheeks", "r": [{"c": "夾", "nj": "キョウ", "ne": "insert between"}, {"c": "頁", "nj": "おおがい", "ne": "head"}], "hc": "", "hk": "cheek", "hs": "Scissors . . . head.", "ks": "Imagine using scissors to cut your cheek s off your head キョウ ほお ほほ.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "𠮟", "g": 8, "o": 2135, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "シツ、シチ、カ", "kun": "しか.る", "m": "scold; reprove", "pm": "scold", "r": [{"c": "口", "nj": "くち", "ne": "mouth"}, {"c": "七", "nj": "シチ", "ne": "seven"}], "hc": "", "hk": "scold", "hs": "Recall some particularly harsh scolding  you got as a child in school. This character has you sitting on the ground  in the corner as your teacher stands over you, her mouth  wide open as she reprimands you in front of the entire class.", "ks": "Kids get scold ed if they don't open their MOUTH to take their SPOONFUL of medicine.", "v": [], "p": null}, {"k": "剝", "g": 8, "o": 2136, "f": null, "j": null, "on": "ハク、ホク", "kun": "へ.ぐ、へず.る、む.く、む.ける、は.がれる、は.ぐ、は.げる、は.がす", "m": "come off; peel; fade; discolor", "pm": "come off", "r": [{"c": "彑", "nj": "けいがしら", "ne": "pig’s head"}, {"c": "氺", "nj": "したみず", "ne": "water"}, {"c": "刂", "nj": "りっとう", "ne": "knife"}], "hc": "", "hk": "peel off", "hs": "Broom . . . rice grains . . . saber.", "ks": "Peel off the outside of the broom that sweeps up rice grains to reveal a saber.", "v": [], "p": null}]